1
|
Feng L, Wei S, Li Y. Thaumatin-like Proteins in Legumes: Functions and Potential Applications-A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1124. [PMID: 38674533 PMCID: PMC11055134 DOI: 10.3390/plants13081124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) comprise a complex and evolutionarily conserved protein family that participates in host defense and several developmental processes in plants, fungi, and animals. Importantly, TLPs are plant host defense proteins that belong to pathogenesis-related family 5 (PR-5), and growing evidence has demonstrated that they are involved in resistance to a variety of fungal diseases in many crop plants, particularly legumes. Nonetheless, the roles and underlying mechanisms of the TLP family in legumes remain unclear. The present review summarizes recent advances related to the classification, structure, and host resistance of legume TLPs to biotic and abiotic stresses; analyzes and predicts possible protein-protein interactions; and presents their roles in phytohormone response, root nodule formation, and symbiosis. The characteristics of TLPs provide them with broad prospects for plant breeding and other uses. Searching for legume TLP genetic resources and functional genes, and further research on their precise function mechanisms are necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Feng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Shaowei Wei
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Yin Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li X, Xu B, Xu J, Li Z, Jiang C, Zhou Y, Yang Z, Deng M, Lv J, Zhao K. Tomato-Thaumatin-like Protein Genes Solyc08g080660 and Solyc08g080670 Confer Resistance to Five Soil-Borne Diseases by Enhancing β-1,3-Glucanase Activity. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1622. [PMID: 37628673 PMCID: PMC10454901 DOI: 10.3390/genes14081622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Although thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) are involved in resistance to a variety of fungal diseases, whether the TLP5 and TLP6 genes in tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum) confer resistance to the pathogenesis of soil-borne diseases has not been demonstrated. In this study, five soil-borne diseases (fungal pathogens: Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, and Verticillium dahliae; bacterial pathogens: Clavibacter michiganense subsp. michiganense and Ralstonia solanacearum) were used to infect susceptible "No. 5" and disease-resistant "S-55" tomato cultivars. We found that SlTLP5 and SlTLP6 transcript levels were higher in susceptible cultivars treated with the three fungal pathogens than in those treated with the two bacterial pathogens and that transcript levels varied depending on the pathogen. Moreover, the SlTLP5 and SlTLP6 transcript levels were much higher in disease-resistant cultivars than in disease-susceptible cultivars, and the SlTLP5 and SlTLP6 transcript levels were higher in cultivars treated with the same fungal pathogen than in those treated with bacterial pathogens. SlTLP6 transcript levels were higher than SlTLP5. SlTLP5 and SlTLP6 overexpression and gene-edited transgenic mutants were generated in both susceptible and resistant cultivars. Overexpression and knockout increased and decreased resistance to the five diseases, respectively. Transgenic plants overexpressing SlTLP5 and SlTLP6 inhibited the activities of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT) after inoculation with fungal pathogens, and the activities of POD, SOD, and APX were similar to those of fungi after infection with bacterial pathogens. The activities of CAT were increased, and the activity of β-1,3-glucanase was increased in both the fungal and bacterial treatments. Overexpressed plants were more resistant than the control plants. After SlTLP5 and SlTLP6 knockout plants were inoculated, POD, SOD, and APX had no significant changes, but CAT activity increased and decreased significantly after the fungal and bacterial treatments, contrary to overexpression. The activity of β-1,3-glucanase decreased in the treatment of the five pathogens, and the knocked-out plants were more susceptible to disease than the control. In summary, this study contributes to the further understanding of TLP disease resistance mechanisms in tomato plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kai Zhao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.L.); (Z.Y.); (M.D.); (J.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Genome-wide comprehensive characterization and expression analysis of TLP gene family revealed its responses to hormonal and abiotic stresses in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus). Gene X 2022; 844:146818. [PMID: 35985412 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Thaumatin-like protein (TLP) is the well-known sweetest protein which plays a crucial role in diverse developmental processes and different stress conditions in plants, fungi and animals. The TLP gene family is extensively studied in different plant species including crop plants. Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) is an important cucurbit crop cultivated worldwide; however, the comprehensive information about the TLP gene family is not available in watermelon. In the present study, we identified the 29 TLP genes as gene family members in watermelon using various computational methods to understand its role in different developmental processes and stress conditions. ClaTLP gene family members were not uniformly distributed on 22 chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the ClaTLP gene family members were grouped into 10 sub-groups. Further, gene duplication analysis showed thirteen gene duplication events which included one tandem and twelve segmental duplications. Amino acid sequence alignment has shown that ClaTLP proteins shared 16 conserved cysteine residues in their THN domain. Furthermore, cis-acting regulatory elements analysis also displayed that ClaTLP gene family members contain diverse phytohormone, various defense, and stress-responsive elements in their promoter region. The expression profile of the ClaTLP gene family revealed the differential expression of gene family members in different tissues and abiotic stresses conditions. Moreover, the expression profile of ClaTLP genes was further validated by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. Taken together, these results indicate that ClaTLP genes might play an important role in developmental processes and diverse stress conditions. Therefore, the outcome of this study brings forth the valuable information for further interpret the precise role of ClaTLP gene family members in watermelon.
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang Y, Chen W, Sang X, Wang T, Gong H, Zhao Y, Zhao P, Wang H. Genome-Wide Identification of the Thaumatin-like Protein Family Genes in Gossypium barbadense and Analysis of Their Responses to Verticillium dahliae Infection. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10122647. [PMID: 34961118 PMCID: PMC8708996 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Plants respond to pathogen challenge by activating a defense system involving pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins. The PR-5 family includes thaumatin, thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs), and other related proteins. TLPs play an important role in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Many TLP-encoding genes have been identified and functionally characterized in the model plant species. (2) Results: We identified a total of 90 TLP genes in the G. barbadense genome. They were phylogenetically classified into 10 subfamilies and distributed across 19 chromosomes and nine scaffolds. The genes were characterized by examining their exon-intron structures, promoter cis-elements, conserved domains, synteny and collinearity, gene family evolution, and gene duplications. Several TLP genes were predicted to be targets of miRNAs. Investigation of expression changes of 21 GbTLPs in a G. barbadense cultivar (Hai7124) resistance to Verticillium dahliae revealed 13 GbTLPs being upregulated in response to V. dahliae infection, suggesting a potential role of these GbTLP genes in disease response. (3) Conclusions: The results of this study allow insight into the GbTLP gene family, identify GbTLP genes responsive to V. dahliae infection, and provide candidate genes for future studies of their roles in disease resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Zhang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.Z.); (T.W.)
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (W.C.); (X.S.); (H.G.)
| | - Xiaohui Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (W.C.); (X.S.); (H.G.)
| | - Ting Wang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.Z.); (T.W.)
| | - Haiyan Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (W.C.); (X.S.); (H.G.)
| | - Yunlei Zhao
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.Z.); (T.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (W.C.); (X.S.); (H.G.)
| | - Pei Zhao
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.Z.); (T.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (W.C.); (X.S.); (H.G.)
| | - Hongmei Wang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.Z.); (T.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (W.C.); (X.S.); (H.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
de Jesús-Pires C, Ferreira-Neto JRC, Pacifico Bezerra-Neto J, Kido EA, de Oliveira Silva RL, Pandolfi V, Wanderley-Nogueira AC, Binneck E, da Costa AF, Pio-Ribeiro G, Pereira-Andrade G, Sittolin IM, Freire-Filho F, Benko-Iseppon AM. Plant Thaumatin-like Proteins: Function, Evolution and Biotechnological Applications. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2021; 21:36-51. [PMID: 30887921 DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666190318164905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) are a highly complex protein family associated with host defense and developmental processes in plants, animals, and fungi. They are highly diverse in angiosperms, for which they are classified as the PR-5 (Pathogenesis-Related-5) protein family. In plants, TLPs have a variety of properties associated with their structural diversity. They are mostly associated with responses to biotic stresses, in addition to some predicted activities under drought and osmotic stresses. The present review covers aspects related to the structure, evolution, gene expression, and biotechnological potential of TLPs. The efficiency of the discovery of new TLPs is below its potential, considering the availability of omics data. Furthermore, we present an exemplary bioinformatics annotation procedure that was applied to cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) transcriptome, including libraries of two tissues (root and leaf), and two stress types (biotic/abiotic) generated using different sequencing approaches. Even without using genomic sequences, the pipeline uncovered 56 TLP candidates in both tissues and stresses. Interestingly, abiotic stress (root dehydration) was associated with a high number of modulated TLP isoforms. The nomenclature used so far for TLPs was also evaluated, considering TLP structure and possible functions identified to date. It is clear that plant TLPs are promising candidates for breeding purposes and for plant transformation aiming a better performance under biotic and abiotic stresses. The development of new therapeutic drugs against human fungal pathogens also deserves attention. Despite that, applications derived from TLP molecules are still below their potential, as it is evident in our review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolline de Jesús-Pires
- Departamento de Genetica, Centro de Biociencias, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - João Pacifico Bezerra-Neto
- Departamento de Genetica, Centro de Biociencias, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ederson Akio Kido
- Departamento de Genetica, Centro de Biociencias, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Valesca Pandolfi
- Departamento de Genetica, Centro de Biociencias, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Eliseu Binneck
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria, Embrapa Soja, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | | | - Gilvan Pio-Ribeiro
- Departamento de Agronomia/Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Genira Pereira-Andrade
- Departamento de Agronomia/Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ilza Maria Sittolin
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria, Embrapa Meio-Norte, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - Francisco Freire-Filho
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria, Embrapa Amazonia Oriental, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Benko-Iseppon
- Departamento de Genetica, Centro de Biociencias, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li Z, Wang X, Cui Y, Qiao K, Zhu L, Fan S, Ma Q. Comprehensive Genome-Wide Analysis of Thaumatin-Like Gene Family in Four Cotton Species and Functional Identification of GhTLP19 Involved in Regulating Tolerance to Verticillium dahlia and Drought. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:575015. [PMID: 33193513 PMCID: PMC7606878 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.575015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) present in the form of large multigene families play important roles in biotic stress and abiotic stress. However, there has been no systematic analysis of the TLPs in cotton. In this study, comprehensive identification and evolutionary analysis of TLPs in four species of cotton were conducted. In total, 50, 48, 91, and 90 homologous sequences were identified in Gossypium raimondii, G. arboreum, G. barbadense, and G. hirsutum, respectively. Gene structure, protein motifs, and gene expression were further investigated. Transcriptome and quantitative real-time PCR analysis indicated that GhTLPs participate in abiotic, biotic stress and cotton fiber development. GhTLP19 on chromosome At05 was selected as a candidate gene for further study. When GhTLP19 was silenced by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in cotton, with the increase of malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the decrease of catalase (CAT) content, and as the increase of disease index (DI) and hyphae accumulation, the plants were more sensitive to drought and Verticillium dahliae. Furthermore, the GhTLP19 overexpressing Arabidopsis transgenic lines exhibited higher proline content, thicker and longer trichomes and more tolerance to drought when compared to wild type. This study will provide a basis and reference for future research on their roles in stress tolerance and fiber development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanshuai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Yupeng Cui
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Kaikai Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Longfu Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuli Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qifeng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Žiarovská J, Fialková V, Zamiešková L, Bilčíková J, Zeleňáková L, Kačániová M. Expression pattern of thaumatin in the selected red varieties of Vitis vinifera, L. POTRAVINARSTVO 2019. [DOI: 10.5219/1057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitis vinifera L. is a specie that is adapted to a very variable range of climates, from cold up to the desert one, but especially it grows in the temperate Mediterranean regions and continental areas of Europe. Grape is a widespread consumed fruit as well as processed to musts, juices or wine. The health beneficial effects of grapes and wine are very well known due to their high nutritional value and unique phytochemical composition. Despite many health protective and beneficial effects of Vitis vinifera, a part of population suffer to allergic reactions to this fruit. Allergens of wine and grapes are: endochitinases, lipid-transfer protein and thaumatin. Thaumatin is a protein having a sweet taste belonging to the PR5-like proteins. These proteins are very difersified in their functions and were described to be involved in stress responses and fruit ripening, but are expressed in healthy grape fruits in a constitutive manner and needn´t to be expressed only as a answer to the stress. Thaumatin is a minor allergen in grape, but belonging to the suspected panallergens relevant to the food cross-allergy induction, its importance is quite high. Another importance of this protein is a technological one, as reported to aggregate in wine to form a visible haze unless removed prior to bottling. In this study, expression of thaumatin-like allergen was analysed in the grapes of selected varieties. Grapes of four red varieties of Vitis vinifera, L. were obtained in the season 2017 in the Sabo winery that belongs to the Malokarpatská wine region. Fresh maturated grapes of varieties Alibernet, Cabernet Sauvignon , Frankovka modrá and Dornfelder were analysed. Expression changes of thaumatin was calculated by delta delta Ct method. Dornfelder was found as to have the lowest activity in thaumatin-like gene activity, mainly when comparing to the Cabernet Sauvignon and Frankovka modrá. Alibernet, on the other side, has the expression level of thaumatin very similar when comparing to the Cabernet Sauvignon and Frankovka modrá.
Collapse
|
8
|
Pei Y, Li X, Zhu Y, Ge X, Sun Y, Liu N, Jia Y, Li F, Hou Y. GhABP19, a Novel Germin-Like Protein From Gossypium hirsutum, Plays an Important Role in the Regulation of Resistance to Verticillium and Fusarium Wilt Pathogens. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:583. [PMID: 31134119 PMCID: PMC6517559 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Germin-like proteins (GLPs) are water-soluble plant glycoproteins belonging to the cupin superfamily. The important role of GLPs in plant responses against various abiotic and biotic stresses, especially pathogens, is well validated. However, little is known about cotton GLPs in relation to fungal pathogens. Here, a novel GLP gene was isolated from Gossypium hirsutum and designated as GhABP19. The expression of GhABP19 was upregulated in cotton plants inoculated with Verticillium dahliae and Fusarium oxysporum and in response to treatment with jasmonic acid (JA) but was suppressed in response to salicylic acid treatment. A relatively small transient increase in GhABP19 was seen in H2O2 treated samples. The three-dimensional structure prediction of the GhABP19 protein indicated that the protein has three histidine and one glutamate residues responsible for metal ion binding and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Purified recombinant GhABP19 exhibits SOD activity and could inhibit growth of V. dahliae, F. oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, Botrytis cinerea, and Valsa mali in vitro. To further verify the role of GhABP19 in fungal resistance, GhABP19-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants and GhABP19-silenced cotton plants were developed. GhABP19-transgenic Arabidopsis lines showed much stronger resistance to V. dahliae and F. oxysporum infection than control (empty vector) plants did. On the contrary, silencing of GhABP19 in cotton conferred enhanced susceptibility to fungal pathogens, which resulted in necrosis and wilt on leaves and vascular discoloration in GhABP19-silenced cotton plants. The H2O2 content and endogenous SOD activity were affected by GhABP19 expression levels in Arabidopsis and cotton plants after inoculation with V. dahliae and F. oxysporum, respectively. Furthermore, GhABP19 overexpression or silencing resulted in activation or suppression of JA-mediated signaling, respectively. Thus, GhABP19 plays important roles in the regulation of resistance to verticillium and fusarium wilt in plants. These modulatory roles were exerted by its SOD activity and ability to activate the JA pathway. All results suggest that GhABP19 was involved in plant disease resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yakun Pei
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiancai Li
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yutao Zhu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Yun Sun
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Nana Liu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujiao Jia
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fuguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Yuxia Hou
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gene Cloning, Expression, and Antifungal Activities of Permatin from Naked Oat (Avena nuda). Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2018; 11:299-309. [PMID: 29717420 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-018-9422-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) are the products of a large, highly complex gene family involved in host defense. TLPs also belong to the pathogenesis-related family 5 (PR-5) of plant defense proteins. Most TLPs exhibit potential antifungal activities, and their accumulation in the plant is related to many physiological processes. In this study, a gene encoding TLP named permatin with an open reading frame of 678 bp encoding a protein of 225 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 23.5 kDa was cloned from naked oat leaves. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that permatin shares high homology with a number of other TLPs among diverse taxa. Model of structure by homology modeling showed that permatin consists of an acidic cleft region consistent with most TLPs. Recombinant NusA-permatin was overexpressed in Escherichia coli strain BL21 and purified by Heparin column combined with Sephacryl S-200 column. The protein exhibited antifungal activity to Fusarium oxysporum (half maximal inhibitory concentration, IC50 = 21.42 μM). Morphological observation showed that NusA-permatin can induce mycelium deformation of F. oxysporum, the cell membrane is blurred, and the diaphragm is not obvious. NusA-permatin also causes membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species accumulation in the mycelium of F. oxysporum. Permatin may play an important role in the disease resistance responses of plants against pathogen attacks through its antifungal activity.
Collapse
|
10
|
Žiarovská J, Zeleňáková L, Kačániová M, Cusimamani EF. A thaumatin-like genomic sequence identification in Vitis vinifera l., stormy wines and musts based on direct pcr. POTRAVINARSTVO 2018. [DOI: 10.5219/892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct polymerase chain reaction method was use to amplify a thaumatin-like sequence of Vitis vinifera L. in grapes as well as in stormy wines and musts. Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) of Vitis vinifera possess beside its function in abiotic and biotic stress response another one - they are able to cause protein haze in wine unless removed prior to bottling. Direct PCR is an approach where omission of DNA extraction is typical prior the amplification of the target site of plant genome. Crude extract or small pieces of plant tissues are used in the analysis directly without steps of extraction and purification of gDNA. The biological material that was used in analysis was collected during August - October 2017 in local stores and winery Sabo and comprises from cultivars Iršai, Muškát, Savignon Blanc, Svätovavrinecké, Dornfelder and Pálava. Direct PCR was performed by a cutted piece of grape tissue and a dilution buffer was use in 1:2 for stormy wine or must, respectively. Direct amplification of thaumatin-like protein sequence of Vitis vinifera was performed along with the control reactions with the primers for conserved region of plant chloroplast. Possitive amplification of thaumatin-like allergen sequence resulted in 570 bp amplicon. The most abundant amplicons were amplified in stormy wines, followed by musts and the amplicons from grapes were weaker when comparing them to others. The amplicon specificity checking of obtained PCR product of thaumatin-like allergen was performed by restriction cleavage by Psi I and resulted in restriction amplicons of the 80 bp, 81 bp, 94 bp and 315 bp in length. Confirmation of the amplicon specificity by restriction cleavage support the potential of direct PCR to become a reproducible method that will be fully applicable in routine analysis of not only plant genomes in the future, but it was demonstrated, that it works in liquids, too.
Collapse
|
11
|
Pilcher W, Zandkamiri H, Arceneaux K, Harrison S, Baisakh N. Genome-wide microarray analysis leads to identification of genes in response to herbicide, metribuzin in wheat leaves. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189639. [PMID: 29228046 PMCID: PMC5724888 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbicides are an important component of weed management in wheat, particularly in the southeastern US where weeds actively compete with wheat throughout the winter for nutrients and reduce tillering and ultimately the yield of the crop. Some wheat varieties are sensitive to metribuzin, a low-cost non-selective herbicide, leading to leaf chlorosis, stand loss, and decreased yield. Knowledge of the genetics of herbicide tolerance in wheat is very limited and most new varieties have not been screened for metribuzin tolerance. The identification of genes associated with metribuzin tolerance will lead to the development of molecular markers for use in screening breeding lines for metribuzin tolerance. AGS 2035 and AGS 2060 were identified as resistant and sensitive to metribuzin in several previous field screening experiments as well as controlled condition screening of nine varieties in the present study. Genome-wide transcriptome profiling of the genes in AGS 2035 and AGS 2060 through microarray analysis identified 169 and 127 genes to be significantly (2-fold, P>0.01) up- and down-regulated, respectively in response to metribuzin. Functional annotation revealed that genes involved in cell wall biosynthesis, photosynthesis and sucrose metabolism were highly responsive to metribuzin application. (Semi)quantitative RT-PCR of seven selected differentially expressed genes (DEGs) indicated that a gene coding for alkaline alpha-galactosidase 2 (AAG2) was specifically expressed in resistant varieties only after one and two weeks of metribuzin application. Integration of the DEGs into our ongoing mapping effort and identification of the genes within the QTL region showing significant association with resistance in future will aid in development of functional markers for metribuzin resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Whitney Pilcher
- School of Plant, Environmental, and Soil Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Hana Zandkamiri
- School of Plant, Environmental, and Soil Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Kelly Arceneaux
- School of Plant, Environmental, and Soil Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Stephen Harrison
- School of Plant, Environmental, and Soil Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
- * E-mail: (NB); (SH)
| | - Niranjan Baisakh
- School of Plant, Environmental, and Soil Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
- * E-mail: (NB); (SH)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Singh RP, Runthala A, Khan S, Jha PN. Quantitative proteomics analysis reveals the tolerance of wheat to salt stress in response to Enterobacter cloacae SBP-8. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183513. [PMID: 28877183 PMCID: PMC5587313 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Salinity stress adversely affects the plant growth and is a major constraint to agriculture. In the present study, we studied the role of plant growth promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) Enterobacter cloacae SBP-8 possessing ACC deaminase activity on proteome profile of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under high salinity (200 mM NaCl) stress. The aim of study was to investigate the differential expressed protein in selected three (T-1, T-2, T-3) treatments and absolute quantification (MS/MS analysis) was used to detect statistically significant expressed proteins. In this study, we investigated the adaptation mechanisms of wheat seedlings exposed to high concentration of NaCl treatment (200 mM) for 15 days in response to bacterial inoculation based on proteomic data. The identified proteins were distributed in different cellular, biological and molecular functions. Under salt stress, proteins related to ion-transport, metabolic pathway, protein synthesis and defense responsive were increased to a certain extent. A broader comparison of the proteome of wheat plant under different treatments revealed that changes in some of the metabolic pathway may be involved in stress adaption in response to PGPR inoculation. Hierarchical cluster analysis identified the various up-regulated/down-regulated proteins into tested three treatments. Our results suggest that bacterial inoculation enhanced the ability of wheat plant to combat salt stress via regulation of transcription factors, promoting antioxidative activity, induction of defense enzymes, lignin biosynthesis, and acceleration of protein synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajnish Prakash Singh
- Department of Biological Science, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Shahid Khan
- Department of Biological Science, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Prabhat Nath Jha
- Department of Biological Science, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu N, Ma X, Sun Y, Hou Y, Zhang X, Li F. Necrotizing Activity of Verticillium dahliae and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum Endopolygalacturonases in Cotton. PLANT DISEASE 2017; 101:1128-1138. [PMID: 30682957 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-05-16-0657-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Polygalacturonase (PG), which digests the pectin of plant cell walls, contributes to pathogenicity of fungi in plants. To explore the role of PG in pathogenicity of the fungal cotton pathogens Verticillium dahliae and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum, VDPG1 and FOVPG1 were cloned and their expression in different cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) cultivars and media was analyzed. VDPG1 and FOVPG1 were strongly upregulated during infection. Purified VDPG1 and FOVPG1 play important roles in the symptom development of both resistant and susceptible cotton. Moreover, after inoculation with purified PGs, the hydroxyproline content of the cell walls increased in cotton seedlings, with resistant cultivar seedlings showing significantly higher hydroxyproline content than seedlings of the susceptible cultivar. PG gene expression analysis in different media showed that both PG genes were induced in pectin medium but not in glucose medium. This study highlighted the role of VDPG1 and FOVPG1 in pathogenicity and virulence, which were detected in fungus-inoculated cotton, suggesting that PGs play an important role in the pathogenicity of V. dahliae and F. oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nana Liu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowen Ma
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yun Sun
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yuxia Hou
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xueyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, P. R. China
| | - Fuguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yan X, Qiao H, Zhang X, Guo C, Wang M, Wang Y, Wang X. Analysis of the grape (Vitis vinifera L.) thaumatin-like protein (TLP) gene family and demonstration that TLP29 contributes to disease resistance. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4269. [PMID: 28655869 PMCID: PMC5487326 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04105-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Thaumatin-like protein (TLP) is present as a large family in plants, and individual members play different roles in various responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Here we studied the role of 33 putative grape (Vitis vinifera L.) TLP genes (VvTLP) in grape disease resistance. Heat maps analysis compared the expression profiles of 33 genes in disease resistant and susceptible grape species infected with anthracnose (Elsinoe ampelina), powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) or Botrytis cinerea. Among these 33 genes, the expression level of TLP29 increased following the three pathogens inoculations, and its homolog from the disease resistant Chinese wild grape V. quinquangularis cv. 'Shang-24', was focused for functional studies. Over-expression of TLP29 from grape 'Shang-24' (VqTLP29) in Arabidopsis thaliana enhanced its resistance to powdery mildew and the bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000, but decreased resistance to B. cinerea. Moreover, the stomatal closure immunity response to pathogen associated molecular patterns was strengthened in the transgenic lines. A comparison of the expression profiles of various resistance-related genes after infection with different pathogens indicated that VqTLP29 may be involved in the salicylic acid and jasmonic acid/ethylene signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Hengbo Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xiuming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Chunlei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Mengnan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yuejin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xiping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang P, Zhang X, Ma X, Sun Y, Liu N, Li F, Hou Y. Identification of CkSNAP33, a gene encoding synaptosomal-associated protein from Cynanchum komarovii, that enhances Arabidopsis resistance to Verticillium dahliae. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178101. [PMID: 28575006 PMCID: PMC5456056 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
SNARE proteins are essential to vesicle trafficking and membrane fusion in eukaryotic cells. In addition, the SNARE-mediated secretory pathway can deliver diverse defense products to infection sites during exocytosis-associated immune responses in plants. In this study, a novel gene (CkSNAP33) encoding a synaptosomal-associated protein was isolated from Cynanchum komarovii and characterized. CkSNAP33 contains Qb- and Qc-SNARE domains in the N- and C-terminal regions, respectively, and shares high sequence identity with AtSNAP33 from Arabidopsis. CkSNAP33 expression was induced by H2O2, salicylic acid (SA), Verticillium dahliae, and wounding. Arabidopsis lines overexpressing CkSNAP33 had longer primary roots and larger seedlings than the wild type (WT). Transgenic Arabidopsis lines showed significantly enhanced resistance to V. dahliae, and displayed reductions in disease index and fungal biomass, and also showed elevated expression of PR1 and PR5. The leaves of transgenic plants infected with V. dahliae showed strong callose deposition and cell death that hindered the penetration and spread of the fungus at the infection site. Taken together, these results suggest that CkSNAP33 is involved in the defense response against V. dahliae and enhanced disease resistance in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Xiaowen Ma
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Sun
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Nana Liu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fuguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- * E-mail: (FL); (YH)
| | - Yuxia Hou
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (FL); (YH)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
A thaumatin-like protein of Ocimum basilicum confers tolerance to fungal pathogen and abiotic stress in transgenic Arabidopsis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25340. [PMID: 27150014 PMCID: PMC4858651 DOI: 10.1038/srep25340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant often responds to fungal pathogens by expressing a group of proteins known as pathogenesis-related proteins (PRs). The expression of PR is mediated through pathogen-induced signal-transduction pathways that are fine-tuned by phytohormones such as methyl jasmonate (MeJA). Here, we report functional characterization of an Ocimum basilicum PR5 family member (ObTLP1) that was identified from a MeJA-responsive expression sequence tag collection. ObTLP1 encodes a 226 amino acid polypeptide that showed sequence and structural similarities with a sweet-tasting protein thaumatin of Thaumatococcus danielli and also with a stress-responsive protein osmotin of Nicotiana tabacum. The expression of ObTLP1 in O. basilicum was found to be organ-preferential under unstressed condition, and responsive to biotic and abiotic stresses, and multiple phytohormone elicitations. Bacterially-expressed recombinant ObTLP1 inhibited mycelial growth of the phytopathogenic fungi, Scleretonia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea; thereby, suggesting its antifungal activity. Ectopic expression of ObTLP1 in Arabidopsis led to enhanced tolerance to S. sclerotiorum and B. cinerea infections, and also to dehydration and salt stress. Moreover, induced expression of the defense marker genes suggested up-regulation of the defense-response pathways in ObTLP1-expressing Arabidopsis upon fungal challenge. Thus, ObTLP1 might be useful for providing tolerance to the fungal pathogens and abiotic stresses in crops.
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu N, Ma X, Zhou S, Wang P, Sun Y, Li X, Hou Y. Molecular and Functional Characterization of a Polygalacturonase-Inhibiting Protein from Cynanchum komarovii That Confers Fungal Resistance in Arabidopsis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146959. [PMID: 26752638 PMCID: PMC4709088 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Compliance with ethical standards: This study did not involve human participants and animals, and the plant of interest is not an endangered species. Polygalacturonase-inhibiting proteins (PGIPs) are leucine-rich repeat proteins that plants produce against polygalacturonase, a key virulence agent in pathogens. In this paper, we cloned and purified CkPGIP1, a gene product from Cynanchum komarovii that effectively inhibits polygalacturonases from Botrytis cinerea and Rhizoctonia solani. We found the expression of CkPGIP1 to be induced in response to salicylic acid, wounding, and infection with B. cinerea and R. solani. In addition, transgenic overexpression in Arabidopsis enhanced resistance against B. cinerea. Furthermore, CkPGIP1 obtained from transgenic Arabidopsis inhibited the activity of B. cinerea and R. solani polygalacturonases by 62.7-66.4% and 56.5-60.2%, respectively. Docking studies indicated that the protein interacts strongly with the B1-sheet at the N-terminus of the B. cinerea polygalacturonase, and with the C-terminus of the polygalacturonase from R. solani. This study highlights the significance of CkPGIP1 in plant disease resistance, and its possible application to manage fungal pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nana Liu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaowen Ma
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Sihong Zhou
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yun Sun
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiancai Li
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yuxia Hou
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu N, Ma X, Zhou S, Wang P, Sun Y, Li X, Hou Y. Molecular and Functional Characterization of a Polygalacturonase-Inhibiting Protein from Cynanchum komarovii That Confers Fungal Resistance in Arabidopsis. PLoS One 2016. [PMID: 26752638 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.014695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Compliance with ethical standards: This study did not involve human participants and animals, and the plant of interest is not an endangered species. Polygalacturonase-inhibiting proteins (PGIPs) are leucine-rich repeat proteins that plants produce against polygalacturonase, a key virulence agent in pathogens. In this paper, we cloned and purified CkPGIP1, a gene product from Cynanchum komarovii that effectively inhibits polygalacturonases from Botrytis cinerea and Rhizoctonia solani. We found the expression of CkPGIP1 to be induced in response to salicylic acid, wounding, and infection with B. cinerea and R. solani. In addition, transgenic overexpression in Arabidopsis enhanced resistance against B. cinerea. Furthermore, CkPGIP1 obtained from transgenic Arabidopsis inhibited the activity of B. cinerea and R. solani polygalacturonases by 62.7-66.4% and 56.5-60.2%, respectively. Docking studies indicated that the protein interacts strongly with the B1-sheet at the N-terminus of the B. cinerea polygalacturonase, and with the C-terminus of the polygalacturonase from R. solani. This study highlights the significance of CkPGIP1 in plant disease resistance, and its possible application to manage fungal pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nana Liu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaowen Ma
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Sihong Zhou
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yun Sun
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiancai Li
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yuxia Hou
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ma X, Wang P, Zhou S, Sun Y, Liu N, Li X, Hou Y. De novo transcriptome sequencing and comprehensive analysis of the drought-responsive genes in the desert plant Cynanchum komarovii. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:753. [PMID: 26444539 PMCID: PMC4594960 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1873-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cynanchum komarovii Al Iljinski is a xerophytic plant species widely distributing in the severely adverse environment of the deserts in northwest China. At present, the detailed transcriptomic and genomic data for C. komarovii are still insufficient in public databases. RESULTS To investigate changes of drought-responsive genes and explore the mechanisms of drought tolerance in C. komarovii, approximately 27.5 GB sequencing data were obtained using Illumina sequencing technology. After de novo assembly 148,715 unigenes were generated with an average length of 604 bp. Among these unigenes, 85,106 were annotated with gene descriptions, conserved domains, gene ontology terms, and metabolic pathways. The results showed that a great number of unigenes were significantly affected by drought stress. We identified 3134 unigenes as reliable differentially expressed genes (DEGs). During drought stress, the regulatory genes were involved in signaling transduction pathways and in controlling the expression of functional genes. Moreover, C. komarovii activated many functional genes that directly protected against stress and improved tolerance to adapt drought condition. Importantly, the DEGs were involved in biosynthesis, export, and regulation of plant cuticle, suggesting that plant cuticle may play a vital role in response to drought stress and the accumulation of cuticle may allow C. komarovii to improve the tolerance to drought stress. CONCLUSION This is the first large-scale reference sequence data of C. komarovii, which enlarge the genomic resources of this species. Our comprehensive transcriptome analysis will provide a valuable resource for further investigation into the molecular adaptation of desert plants under drought condition and facilitate the exploration of drought-tolerant candidate genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Ma
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Sihong Zhou
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Yun Sun
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Nana Liu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Xiaoning Li
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Yuxia Hou
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Singh NK, Kumar KRR, Kumar D, Shukla P, Kirti PB. Characterization of a pathogen induced thaumatin-like protein gene AdTLP from Arachis diogoi, a wild peanut. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83963. [PMID: 24367621 PMCID: PMC3868660 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L) is one of the widely cultivated and leading oilseed crops of the world and its yields are greatly affected by various biotic and abiotic stresses. Arachis diogoi, a wild relative of peanut, is an important source of genes for resistance against various stresses that affect peanut. In our previous study a thaumatin-like protein gene was found to be upregulated in a differential expression reverse transcription PCR (DDRT-PCR) study using the conidial spray of the late leaf spot pathogen, Phaeoisariopsis personata. In the present study, the corresponding full length cDNA was cloned using RACE-PCR and has been designated as AdTLP. It carried an open reading frame of 726 bp potentially capable of encoding a polypeptide of 241 amino acids with 16 conserved cysteine residues. The semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that the transcript level of AdTLP increased upon treatment with the late leaf spot pathogen of peanut, P. personata and various hormone treatments indicating its involvement in both, biotic and abiotic stresses. The antifungal activity of the purified recombinant protein was checked against different fungal pathogens, which showed enhanced anti-fungal activity compared to many other reported TLP proteins. The recombinant AdTLP-GFP fusion protein was found to be predominantly localized to extracellular spaces. Transgenic tobacco plants ectopically expressing AdTLP showed enhanced resistance to fungal pathogen, Rhizoctonia solani. The seedling assays showed enhanced tolerance of AdTLP transgenic plants against salt and oxidative stress. The transcript analysis of various defense related genes highlighted constitutively higher level expression of PR1a, PI-I and PI-II genes in transgenic plants. These results suggest that the AdTLP is a good candidate gene for enhancing stress resistance in crop plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dilip Kumar
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Pawan Shukla
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - P. B. Kirti
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Buch F, Rott M, Rottloff S, Paetz C, Hilke I, Raessler M, Mithöfer A. Secreted pitfall-trap fluid of carnivorous Nepenthes plants is unsuitable for microbial growth. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2013; 111:375-83. [PMID: 23264234 PMCID: PMC3579442 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcs287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Carnivorous plants of the genus Nepenthes possess modified leaves that form pitfall traps in order to capture prey, mainly arthropods, to make additional nutrients available for the plant. These pitchers contain a digestive fluid due to the presence of hydrolytic enzymes. In this study, the composition of the digestive fluid was further analysed with regard to mineral nutrients and low molecular-weight compounds. A potential contribution of microbes to the composition of pitcher fluid was investigated. METHODS Fluids from closed pitchers were harvested and analysed for mineral nutrients using analytical techniques based on ion-chromatography and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy. Secondary metabolites were identified by a combination of LC-MS and NMR. The presence of bacteria in the pitcher fluid was investigated by PCR of 16S-rRNA genes. Growth analyses of bacteria and yeast were performed in vitro with harvested pitcher fluid and in vivo within pitchers with injected microbes. KEY RESULTS The pitcher fluid from closed pitchers was found to be primarily an approx. 25-mm KCl solution, which is free of bacteria and unsuitable for microbial growth probably due to the lack of essential mineral nutrients such as phosphate and inorganic nitrogen. The fluid also contained antimicrobial naphthoquinones, plumbagin and 7-methyl-juglone, and defensive proteins such as the thaumatin-like protein. Challenging with bacteria or yeast caused bactericide as well as fungistatic properties in the fluid. Our results reveal that Nepenthes pitcher fluids represent a dynamic system that is able to react to the presence of microbes. CONCLUSIONS The secreted liquid of closed and freshly opened Nepenthes pitchers is exclusively plant-derived. It is unsuitable to serve as an environment for microbial growth. Thus, Nepenthes plants can avoid and control, at least to some extent, the microbial colonization of their pitfall traps and, thereby, reduce the need to vie with microbes for the prey-derived nutrients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Buch
- Department Bioorganic Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Matthias Rott
- Department Bioorganic Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Sandy Rottloff
- Department Bioorganic Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Paetz
- Biosynthesis and NMR, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Ines Hilke
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans-Knöll-Straße 10, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Raessler
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans-Knöll-Straße 10, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Axel Mithöfer
- Department Bioorganic Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Overexpression of Camellia sinensis Thaumatin-Like Protein, CsTLP in Potato Confers Enhanced Resistance to Macrophomina phaseolina and Phytophthora infestans Infection. Mol Biotechnol 2012; 54:609-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-012-9603-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
23
|
Wang Q, Zhang Y, Hou Y, Wang P, Zhou S, Ma X, Zhang N. Purification, characterization of a CkChn134 protein from Cynanchum komarovii seeds and synergistic effect with CkTLP against Verticillium dahliae. Protein Sci 2012; 21:865-75. [PMID: 22532259 DOI: 10.1002/pro.2073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cynanchum komarovii Al Iljinski is a desert plant that has been used as analgesic, anthelminthic, and antidiarrheal, but also as herbal medicine to treat cholecystitis in people. In this work, an antifungal protein with sequence homology to chitinase was isolated from C. komarovii seeds and named CkChn134. The three-dimensional structure prediction of CkChn134 indicated that the protein has a loop domain formed a thin cleft, which is able to bind molecules and substrates. The protein and CkTLP synergistically inhibited the fungal growth of Verticillium dahliae, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, Botrytis cinerea, and Valsa mali in vitro. The full-length cDNA was cloned by RT-PCR and RACE-PCR according to the partial protein sequences obtained by nanoESI-MS/MS. The real-time PCR showed that the transcription level of CkChn134 had a significant increase under the stress of ethylene, NaCl, low temperature, drought, and pathogen infection, which indicates that CkChn134 may play an important role in response to abiotic and biotic stresses. The CkChn134 protein was located in the extracellular space/cell wall by CkChn134::GFP fusion protein in transgenic Arabidopsis. Furthermore, overexpression of CkChn134 significantly enhanced the resistance of transgenic Arabidopsis against V. dahliae. Interestingly, the coexpression of CkChn134 and CkTLP showed substantially greater protection against the fungal pathogen V. dahliae than either transgene alone. The results suggest that the CkChn134 is a good candidate protein or gene, and it had a potential synergistic effect with CkTLP for contributing to the development of disease-resistant crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Wang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|