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Smahelova J, Pokryvkova B, Stovickova E, Grega M, Vencalek O, Smahel M, Koucky V, Malerova S, Klozar J, Tachezy R. Aspartate-β-hydroxylase and hypoxia marker expression in head and neck carcinomas: implications for HPV-associated tumors. Infect Agent Cancer 2024; 19:26. [PMID: 38858774 PMCID: PMC11163809 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-024-00588-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A proportion of head and neck carcinomas (HNSCCs) are induced by high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) and are associated with better patient outcomes compared to patients with HNSCCs related to tobacco and alcohol abuse. In the microenvironment of solid tumors, including HNSCCs, oxygen levels are often reduced, and a hypoxic state is induced. This can lead to a poor treatment response and a worse patient prognosis. One of the hypoxia-responsive genes is aspartate-β-hydroxylase (ASPH), whose activity promotes the growth, invasiveness, and metastasis of many types of solid tumors. METHODS In our study, HNSCC samples were analyzed for the expression of ASPH and selected endogenous hypoxia markers by real-time PCR and/or multiplex fluorescence immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Except for the EPAS1 gene, which had higher mRNA expression in the HPV-negative group of HNSCC (p < 0.05), we found no other differences in the expression of the tested genes that were related to HPV status. On the contrary, a statistically significantly higher number of cells producing ASPH (p < 0.0001), HIF1A (p < 0.0001), GLUT1 (p < 0.0001), and MMP13 (p < 0.05) proteins were detected in the HPV-positive tumor group than in the HPV-negative sample group. All the evaluated markers, except for MMP9/13, were more abundant in the tumor parenchyma than in the tumor stroma. The Cox proportional hazard models showed that increased numbers of cells with GLUT1 and HIF1A protein expression were positive prognostic markers for overall and disease-specific survival in patients independent of HPV tumor status. CONCLUSION The study examined HNSCC samples and found that elevated ASPH and hypoxia marker proteins, typically associated with poor prognosis, may actually indicate active HPV infection, the strongest prognostic factor in HNSCC patients. In cases where HPV status is uncertain, increased expression of HIF1A and GLUT1 can serve as positive prognostic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Smahelova
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science BIOCEV, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Pokryvkova
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science BIOCEV, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eliska Stovickova
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science BIOCEV, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Grega
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Vencalek
- Department of Mathematical Analysis and Applications of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Smahel
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science BIOCEV, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Koucky
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, First Medical Faculty, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Simona Malerova
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, First Medical Faculty, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Klozar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, First Medical Faculty, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ruth Tachezy
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science BIOCEV, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Zhang Y, Li H, You Q, Chen Y, Zhao Z, Chen J, Su Y, Zheng X, Yi H, Song J. Decoding Fujian's cervical HPV landscape: unmasking dominance of non-16/18 HR-HPV and tailoring prevention strategies at a large scale. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1357073. [PMID: 38903575 PMCID: PMC11187235 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1357073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Persistent HR-HPV causes cervical cancer, exhibiting geographic variance. Europe/Americas have higher HPV16/18 rates, while Asia/Africa predominantly have non-16/18 HR-HPV. This study in Fujian, Asia, explores non-16/18 HR-HPV infections, assessing their epidemiology and cervical lesion association for targeted prevention. Methods A total of 101,621 women undergoing HPV screening at a hospital in Fujian Province from 2013 to 2019 were included. HPV genotyping was performed. A subset of 11,666 HPV-positive women with available histopathology results were analyzed to characterize HPV genotype distribution across cervical diagnoses. Results In 101,621 samples, 24.5% tested positive for HPV. Among these samples, 17.3% exhibited single infections, while 7.2% showed evidence of multiple infections. The predominant non-16/18 high-risk HPV types identified were HPV 52, 58, 53, 51, and 81. Single HPV infections accounted for 64.1% of all HPV-positive cases, with 71.4% of these being non-16/18 high-risk HPV infections. Age-related variations were observed in 11,666 HPV-positive patients with pathological results. Cancer patients were older. In the cancer group, HPV52 (21.8%) and HPV58 (18.6%) were the predominant types, followed by HPV33, HPV31, and HPV53. Compared to single HPV16/18 infection, non-16/18 HPV predominated in LSIL. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) for LSIL were elevated: multiple HPV16/18 (OR 2.18), multiple non-16/18 HR-HPV (OR 2.53), and multiple LR-HPV (OR 2.38). Notably, solitary HPV16/18 conferred higher odds for HSIL and cancer. Conclusion Our large-scale analysis in Fujian Province highlights HPV 52, 58, 53, 51, and 81 as predominant non-16/18 HR-HPV types. Multiple HPV poses increased LSIL risks, while solitary HPV16/18 elevates HSIL and cancer odds. These findings stress tailored cervical cancer prevention, highlighting specific HPV impacts on lesion severity and guiding region-specific strategies for optimal screening in Asia, emphasizing ongoing surveillance in the vaccination era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Province Key Clinical Specialty for Gynecology, National Key Gynecology Clinical Specialty Building Institution, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Haibo Li
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qianru You
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Province Key Clinical Specialty for Gynecology, National Key Gynecology Clinical Specialty Building Institution, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yusha Chen
- Cervical Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Health Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ziyan Zhao
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Jiancui Chen
- Cervical Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Health Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanzhao Su
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Province Key Clinical Specialty for Gynecology, National Key Gynecology Clinical Specialty Building Institution, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiangqin Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Province Key Clinical Specialty for Gynecology, National Key Gynecology Clinical Specialty Building Institution, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huan Yi
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Province Key Clinical Specialty for Gynecology, National Key Gynecology Clinical Specialty Building Institution, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianrong Song
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Province Key Clinical Specialty for Gynecology, National Key Gynecology Clinical Specialty Building Institution, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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3
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Holy O, Machaczka O, Schovankova T, Navratilova D, Zimmermannova J, Klasterecka R, Vevoda J. Trends of cervical tumours amongst women from perspectives of demographic, socioeconomic and geographic indicators: retrospective ecological study in Czechia. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1347800. [PMID: 38813429 PMCID: PMC11133622 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1347800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction For many infectious diseases, women are at higher risk and have a more severe disease course than men for many reasons, including biological differences, social inequalities, and restrictive cultural norms. The study focuses on infections with human papillomaviruses (HPV) in the form of cervical cancer as a gender-specific disease. The main goal is to evaluate cervical tumour incidence trends in the Czech female population in the HPV vaccination period 2012-2020 in relation to selected demographic, socioeconomic, and geographic indicators. Methods This is a retrospective ecological study. Data from publicly available databases about the incidence and mortality of cervical tumours (C53 Malignant neoplasm of cervix uteri, D06 Carcinoma in situ of cervix uteri according to ICD 10) and HPV vaccination rate were analysed and compared with demographic, socioeconomic and territorial data. Associations were searched using correlation analysis. Results There was a decreasing trend in the incidence of cervical cancer in the observed period. Regarding cervical tumours (C53, D06) and malignant neoplasm of cervix uteri incidence (C53), the decrease was approximately 11 and 20%, respectively. Differences between regions were observed in incidences and vaccination rates. Based on correlation analysis, indicators connected with urban/rural aspects, such as a share of urban population and population density, were statistically significant. The indicators related to higher cervical cancer incidence are the high unemployment rate of women, the high number of divorces, the high number of abortions, the high share of the urban population, the high number of students, and the high number of women with only primary education. On the other hand, the indicators related to lower cervical cancer incidence are the high gross domestic product (GDP), the high average gross monthly wage per employee, the high employment rate of women, the higher average age of mothers at birth, and the high number of women with tertiary education. Conclusion Results underline the problem of economically disadvantaged regions and families. Increasing vaccination rates, promoting regular screening for cervical cancer, and supporting awareness in the population, especially in regions with higher incidence rates, should be priorities for public health efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Holy
- Science and Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Ondrej Machaczka
- Science and Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
- Department of Healthcare Management and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Tereza Schovankova
- Science and Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Daniela Navratilova
- Science and Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
- Department of Healthcare Management and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Jarmila Zimmermannova
- Science and Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Romana Klasterecka
- Department of Preclinical Subjects, Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Jiri Vevoda
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
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High Prevalence of Non-Vaccinated Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus Genotypes in High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions of the Cervix: Thought-Provoking Results of a Detailed HPV Genotype Analysis. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10050748. [PMID: 35632504 PMCID: PMC9146889 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10050748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of HPV infection is usually performed on cytological specimens, despite the often transient virus types. HPV profile analysis of pathologically confirmed lesions can also be performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) cone samples and should be taken as standard during follow-up. We compared HPV profiles of cytological and FFPE specimens of women diagnosed with HSIL. Archived PAP smears and FFPE cones from 49 patients were processed. For genotyping, the HPV Direct Flow CHIP test was used. All samples were positive. HPV profile agreement of the two sample types was 84.16–100%. Mono-infections occurred in 12.24% and 61.22% in PAP smears and FFPE specimens, respectively; while multi-infections were detected in 87.76% and 38.78%, respectively. The most abundant genotypes were HPVs 16, 31, and 51/33. Of all infections, 56.25% and 64.93% were caused by nonavalent vaccinated type (VT) HPVs; while 50.69% and 38.96% belonged to non-nonavalent VT HPVs, in PAP smears and FFPE specimens, respectively. Our results confirmed the importance of HPV genotyping of FFPE cone samples. We also confirmed a remarkable presence of non-vaccinated HPV types in HSIL cases indicating the importance of vaccine development.
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Nemcova J, Cerna K, Rob F, Smahelova J, Tresnak Hercogova J, Marx J, Traxmandlova I, Ondic O. Prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus DNA and mRNA and its association with abnormal anal cytology in the Czech male anal cancer screening cohort. Diagn Cytopathol 2021; 49:1188-1195. [PMID: 34529895 DOI: 10.1002/dc.24873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anal cancer (AC) screening is justified in high-risk populations, particularly HIV-positive men having sex with men (MSM). HR-HPV testing could improve the efficiency of cytologically based screening of AC, as in the screening of biologically analogical cervical cancer. The specificity of HR-HPV testing is influenced by the prevalence of HR-HPV infection in the screened population. Reported anal HR-HPV DNA prevalence in MSM is high, but HR-HPV mRNA reflects rather long-term infections and is more specific for high-grade lesions. However, no data were published about HR-HPV DNA and mRNA prevalence in the Czech AC screening population. METHOD Results of liquid-based anal cytology of 203 predominantly HIV-positive MSM from the Czech AC screening cohort were correlated with results of DNA and E6/E7 mRNA testing of 14 HR-HPV types, and HPV16 genotyping. Eighty-one MSM underwent a standard anoscopy. RESULTS A total of 109 (53.7%) samples had abnormal cytology, with 12 (5.9%) ASC-H/HSIL, 67 (33.0%) samples cytologically negative, and 27 (13.3%) unsatisfactory. HR-HPV DNA was detected in 134 (66.0%) and HR-HPV RNA in 72 (35.5%) anal smears. HR-HPV mRNA and HPV16 mRNA positivity were associated with abnormal cytology (p = .0037, p = .0021). No significant association was found between HR-HPV DNA or HPV16 DNA positivity and abnormal cytology. No high-grade lesions were revealed by anoscopy. CONCLUSION Prevalence of anal HR-HPV DNA among Czech MSM is high, however, the prevalence of HR-HPV mRNA is half and associated with abnormal cytology. Our results indicate an increased efficiency of cytological screening when combined with HR-HPV mRNA testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Nemcova
- Biomedical Center of the Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Sikl's Department of Pathology, University Hospital in Pilsen, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Biopticka Laborator s.r.o., Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Cerna
- Biomedical Center of the Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Sikl's Department of Pathology, University Hospital in Pilsen, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Biopticka Laborator s.r.o., Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Rob
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Bulovka University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Smahelova
- National Reference Laboratory for Papillomaviruses and Polyomaviruses, Institute Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Tresnak Hercogova
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Bulovka University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Marx
- Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Bulovka University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Traxmandlova
- Faculty of Education, Centre for Biology, Geoscience and Environmental Education, University of West Bohemia, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Science, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Ondic
- Biomedical Center of the Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Sikl's Department of Pathology, University Hospital in Pilsen, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Biopticka Laborator s.r.o., Pilsen, Czech Republic
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Rideg O, Oszter A, Makk E, Kálmán E, Farkas K, Tornóczky T, Kovács K. Wide Spectrum Analysis of Human Papillomavirus Genotypes in External Anogenital Warts. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:604. [PMID: 34198774 PMCID: PMC8230260 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9060604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
External anogenital warts (EGW) are primarily associated with the low-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes 6 and 11, though coinfection with other low-risk and oncogenic high-risk HPV genotypes also occurs. Although there have been many studies on HPV-associated disease, the prevalence of HPV genotypes associated with EGW is not well characterized. The objective of our retrospective study was to determine the prevalence of HPV genotypes among patients diagnosed with EGW in the south-west of Hungary. Archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from 94 patients were processed in our study. HPV genotypes were determined, applying HPV Direct Flow CHIP test. The overall prevalence of HPV DNA in the EGW samples was 100%, yielding 131 infections among the 94 samples. Of these cases, 72.3% were mono while 27.6% were multi-infections. Out of the 131 infections, the cumulative prevalence of HPV 6 and 11 was 71%. A total of 98.9% of the samples were carrying at least one of these genotypes, while 19.1% of the cases occurred with at least one high-risk genotype. Data from our study could provide invaluable information concerning the prevalence of HPV types among patients with EGW, enabling improved assessment of the actual and future efficacy of vaccination programs, vaccine development, and forecast changes in infection patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orsolya Rideg
- Department of Pathology, Medical School and Clinical Center, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (O.R.); (A.O.); (E.M.); (E.K.); (K.K.)
| | - Angéla Oszter
- Department of Pathology, Medical School and Clinical Center, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (O.R.); (A.O.); (E.M.); (E.K.); (K.K.)
| | - Evelin Makk
- Department of Pathology, Medical School and Clinical Center, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (O.R.); (A.O.); (E.M.); (E.K.); (K.K.)
- Department of Medical Imaging, Medical School and Clinical Center, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Endre Kálmán
- Department of Pathology, Medical School and Clinical Center, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (O.R.); (A.O.); (E.M.); (E.K.); (K.K.)
| | - Kornélia Farkas
- Institute of Bioanalysis, Medical School and Clinical Center, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary;
| | - Tamás Tornóczky
- Department of Pathology, Medical School and Clinical Center, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (O.R.); (A.O.); (E.M.); (E.K.); (K.K.)
| | - Krisztina Kovács
- Department of Pathology, Medical School and Clinical Center, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (O.R.); (A.O.); (E.M.); (E.K.); (K.K.)
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Ondič O, Němcová J, Alaghehbandan R, Černá K, Gomolčáková B, Kinkorová-Luňáčková I, Chytra J, Šidlová H, Májek O, Bouda J. The detection of DNA methylation of tumour suppressor genes in cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion: A prospective cytological-histological correlation study of 70 cases. Cytopathology 2020; 30:426-431. [PMID: 31074057 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA methylation has been suggested as one of the epigenetic changes promoting carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the methylation status of CADM 1, MAL and hsa-miR-124 genes in high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) liquid-based cytology (LBC) samples with a histological correlation. METHODS Seventy histologically confirmed cases of HSIL paired with prior screening LBC diagnosis of HSIL within a 3-month interval were selected. Histologically, the lesions were reviewed and assessed including: (a) number of blocks harbouring dysplastic squamous epithelium; (b) number of blocks containing glandular extension of dysplastic epithelium; and (c) the depth of glandular extension (which was assessed semi-quantitatively as graded 1-3). Human papillomavirus (HPV) subtyping was performed from residual LBC materials using the LINEAR ARRAY HPV Genotyping Test and in-house polymerase chain reaction targeting the HPV E1 gene. The detection of methylation silencing of tumour suppressor genes CADM1, MAL and hsa-miR-124 was performed by multiplex methylation-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS A positive methylation status was detected in 41 cases (58.6%). The number of blocks with HSIL varied from one to 13. Glandular extension was seen in 44 cases with the number of blocks involved ranging from one to 10. The depth of HSIL glandular extension varied. CONCLUSION The DNA methylation test allows HSIL lesions to be divided into two distinct groups of methylated HSIL in significantly older patients and unmethylated HSIL in younger patients. This study was not able to prove that methylation status in cervical HSIL correlates with the size of the lesion (measured by the number of blocks involved) or with HSIL propensity for endocervical glandular extension, nor with HPV type or multi-infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Ondič
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Charles University Hospital Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Bioptická Laboratoř, s.r.o., Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Němcová
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Charles University Hospital Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Bioptická Laboratoř, s.r.o., Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Reza Alaghehbandan
- Department of Pathology, Royal Columbian Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kateřina Černá
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Charles University Hospital Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Bioptická Laboratoř, s.r.o., Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Jan Chytra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Henrieta Šidlová
- Cytopathos, s.r.o., Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Department of Pathology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ondřej Májek
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Bouda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
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8
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Ondič O, Ferko R, Kašpírková J, Švajdler M, Rýchly B, Talarčík P, Bouda J, Michal M. Bizarre cell dysplasia of the cervix. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2017; 43:345-351. [PMID: 28150409 DOI: 10.1111/jog.13196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was the characterization of a new subtype of high-grade cervical squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) with enlarged cells containing bizarre nuclei: so-called bizarre cell dysplasia (BCD). METHODS A total of 29 cervical cone biopsy samples of this type of dysplasia were studied. Multi-target polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization human papillomavirus (HPV) detection was performed in all cases. BCD was defined as a subtype of HSIL characterized by the presence of large dysplastic cells with abnormal, large pleomorphic nuclei or multinucleation causing nucleomegaly. This results in bizarre nuclear shapes. Bizarre cells are scattered throughout the whole thickness of the dysplastic squamous epithelium. RESULTS The BCD lesions arise within the conventional/classic high grade or "bland" type squamous dysplasia HSIL. Statistically they were significantly associated with HVP type 16. A significant association with other studied viruses (Herpes simplex virus [HSV]1, HSV2, Varicella zoster virus, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, human herpesvirus 6, and human polyomaviruses BK and JC) was not confirmed. CONCLUSIONS BCD involves cytologically characteristic morphologic changes that are recognizable, but which may pose some risk of misdiagnosis as low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion due to the enlargement of dysplastic cells and multinucleation. Based on the unique histological, cytological and biological features of BCD including strong association with HPV 16 infection, we believe that this is a specific, and so far unrecognized variant of HSIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Ondič
- Bioptická Laboratory, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Šikl's Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty Hospital, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Radoslav Ferko
- Bioptická Laboratory, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Šikl's Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty Hospital, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kašpírková
- Bioptická Laboratory, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Šikl's Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty Hospital, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Marián Švajdler
- Bioptická Laboratory, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Šikl's Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty Hospital, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Boris Rýchly
- Cytopathos, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Department of Pathology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Talarčík
- Cytopathos, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Department of Pathology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Jiří Bouda
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty Hospital, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Michal
- Šikl's Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty Hospital, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
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9
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Hamsikova E, Smahelova J, Ludvikova V, Salakova M, Rychla J, Skrenkova J, Rob L, Tachezy R. The prevalence of HPV infections in HPV-vaccinated women from the general population. APMIS 2017; 125:585-595. [PMID: 28295672 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Currently, three prophylactic HPV vaccines are commercially available to prevent HPV 16/18 infection and associated lesions. The aim of the study was to assess markers of HPV infection in women/girls before vaccination and to ascertain the prevalence and spectrum of post-vaccination HPV types. Three hundred and thirty subjects of which 75 were virgins were enrolled. Before the first dose of the HPV vaccine and 1, 3 and 5 years after the completion of HPV vaccination, the samples for cytology, HPV detection and anti-HPV antibody response were taken. At enrolment, HPV DNA was detected in 38% of sexually active girls/women. At the first, second and third follow-up, HPV DNA was found in 40, 45, and 39% of them. The seroprevalence rates to HPV 6, 11, 16 and 18 in these subjects were 31, 21, 18 and 10%. On the follow-up significantly higher levels of antibodies to HPV 16/18 were found after application of divalent vaccine. Results of the study demonstrate high prevalence of HPV infection in young women. In a substantial number of women, HPV-specific antibodies as well as high-risk HPV types were detected. HPV-specific antibodies were also frequently found in non-sexually active girls. The acquisition of HPV after the onset of sexual life was very fast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Hamsikova
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Smahelova
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Viera Ludvikova
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Salakova
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Rychla
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Skrenkova
- Clinics of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Rob
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ruth Tachezy
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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Poljak M, Seme K, Maver PJ, Kocjan BJ, Cuschieri KS, Rogovskaya SI, Arbyn M, Syrjänen S. Human papillomavirus prevalence and type-distribution, cervical cancer screening practices and current status of vaccination implementation in Central and Eastern Europe. Vaccine 2014; 31 Suppl 7:H59-70. [PMID: 24332298 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We present a review of current cervical cancer screening practices, the implementation status of vaccination against human papillomaviruses (HPV) and available data concerning the burden of HPV infection and HPV type-specific distribution in 16 Central and Eastern European countries: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Montenegro, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia and the Former Yugoslav Republic (FYR) of Macedonia. Since published data were relatively scarce, two detailed surveys were conducted during August-October 2011 and in January 2013 to obtain relevant and updated information. The mean prevalence of HPV infection in 8610 women with normal cervical cytology from the region was 12.6%, with HPV16 being the most frequent HPV type. The overall HPV DNA prevalence in women with high-grade cervical lesions was 78.1%. HPV DNA was found in 86.6% of cervical cancers; the combined prevalence of HPV16/18 among HPV positive cases was 87.5%. The overall HPV DNA prevalence in genital warts and laryngeal papillomas was 94.8% and 95.2%, respectively, with HPV6 and HPV11 being the most frequent types. Opportunistic and organized cervical screening, mainly based on conventional cytology, is performed in nine and seven countries in the region, respectively, with the proposed age of the start of screening ranging from 20 to 30 years and the estimated coverage ranging from a few percent to over 70%. At least one of the current HPV prophylactic vaccines is registered in all Central and Eastern European countries except Montenegro. Only Bulgaria, Czech Republic, FYR Macedonia, Latvia, Romania and Slovenia have actually integrated HPV vaccination into their national immunization programme and currently provide routine vaccination free of charge to the primary target population. The key reasons for lack of implementation of HPV vaccination into the national immunization programme are high vaccine cost and negative public perception. This article forms part of a regional report entitled "Comprehensive Control of HPV Infections and Related Diseases in the Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia Region" Vaccine Volume 31, Supplement 7, 2013. Updates of the progress in the field are presented in a separate monograph entitled "Comprehensive Control of HPV Infections and Related Diseases" Vaccine Volume 30, Supplement 5, 2012.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Poljak
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Katja Seme
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Polona J Maver
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Boštjan J Kocjan
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kate S Cuschieri
- Specialist Virology Centre, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Svetlana I Rogovskaya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Russian Medical Academy of Post-Graduate Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marc Arbyn
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Scientific Institute of Public Health, Brussels, Belgium; Laboratory for Cell Biology and Histology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stina Syrjänen
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, Institute of Dentistry and Medicine Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Grozdanov P, Zlatkov V, Ganchev G, Karagiosov I, Toncheva D, Galabov AS. HPV prevalence and type distribution in women with normal or abnormal Pap smear in Bulgaria. J Med Virol 2014; 86:1905-10. [PMID: 25059991 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a well-known pathogen for lower genital tract neoplasias, yet little is known regarding HPV prevalence in Bulgaria. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of HPV DNA and to determine HPV types distribution among women with normal and abnormal cytology. Cervical smears with different cytological diagnoses were collected from 355 Bulgarian patients. The cohort of patients selected is the biggest ever studied in this country. Using the Roche Linear Array HPV Genotyping Test, papillomavirus DNA was found in 217 out of the 355 samples, 164 of which had only one and 53 had more than one HPV type. The distribution of the viruses tested in 355 samples was as follows: (i) the most common type was HPV 16, which was found in 61 samples; (ii) the next most frequent HPV type was HPV 33, found in 14 of the samples. A high prevalence of HPV infection was observed in this study. As HPV infection has a high correlation with cervical cancer, this study emphasizes the need for both primary prevention of cervical cancer with HPV vaccines as well as secondary prevention with screening. Currently, two HPV vaccines are included in the National immunization schedule in Bulgaria. Thus, new clinical studies will benefit from patient stratification by the presence or absence of HPV, and by designing separate clinical trials specifically for HPV associated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Grozdanov
- Department of Virology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Ghosh P, Ghosh DD, Majumdar Giri A, Sengupta S, Das C, Mukhopadhyay I. Polymerase chain reaction and deoxyribonucleic acid-sequencing based study on distribution of human papillomavirus 16/18 among histopathological types of cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia and primary invasive cervical carcinoma: A scenario in North Bengal, India. J Midlife Health 2014; 5:14-22. [PMID: 24672201 PMCID: PMC3955040 DOI: 10.4103/0976-7800.127786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16/18 are reportedly most common in cervical cancer (CaCx) with geographical variation of genotypes. HPV16 predominates both in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma in India, contrary to reported global predominance of HPV18 in the latter. Our study was aimed to determine the occurrence of HPV16/18 among histopathological types of cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) and invasive CaCx from North Bengal, India and to identify any major deviation from the known Indian scenario of distribution of HPV16/18 genotypes in cases of SCC and adenocarcinoma. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, case-only type of study, in which 40 cases were histopathologically diagnosed as CIN/CaCx, on which polymerase chain reaction (PCR), deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-sequencing and bioinformatics by basic search local alignment tool were performed for HPV-genotyping. Statistical Analysis: The distribution of HPV genotypes among cases of SCC and adenocarcinoma was compared by Fisher's exact-test. Results: HPV was detected in 97.5% (39/40) cases. HPV16-infected cases (32/39; 82.05%) predominated over HPV18-infected ones (7/39; 17.95%). However, HPV18-only infection was significantly (P = 0.0045, one-sided Fisher's exact test) more among adenocarcinoma (3/4; 75%) than SCC (2/26; 7.69%) contrary to HPV16-only infection (SCC = 24/26, 92.31%; adenocarcinoma = 1/4; 25%) whereas both CIN3 cases were HPV16-positive. Conclusion: Predominance of HPV18 over HPV16 in cases of adenocarcinoma in this region was contrasting to that of earlier Indian studies suggesting research on HPV18 related cervical carcinogenesis. PCR and DNA-sequencing could prove to be highly effective tools in HPV detection and genotyping. The study reported HPV16/18 infection in almost 98% of the cases, the knowledge about which might prove useful in future population based studies on HPV genotyping and designing of appropriate HPV-vaccines for this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prithwijit Ghosh
- Department of Pathology, North Bengal Medical College and Hospital, Siliguri, India ; Department of Pathology, DESUN (NEON) Lab, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Damayanti Das Ghosh
- Human Genetics Unit, Biological Sciences Division, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India ; Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Amita Majumdar Giri
- Department of Pathology, North Bengal Medical College and Hospital, Siliguri, India
| | - Sharmila Sengupta
- Human Genetics Unit, Biological Sciences Division, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India ; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - Chandana Das
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, North Bengal Medical College and Hospital, Siliguri, Kolkata, West Bengal, India ; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Indranil Mukhopadhyay
- Human Genetics Unit, Biological Sciences Division, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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García-Espinosa B, Moro-Rodríguez E, Álvarez-Fernández E. Human papillomavirus genotypes in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients with anal pathology in Madrid, Spain. Diagn Pathol 2013; 8:204. [PMID: 24325764 PMCID: PMC3937168 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-8-204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We studied anal specimens to determine the distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes and co-infection occurrence. This information will contribute to the knowledge of HPV genotype distributions and provide an estimate of the prevalence of different oncogenic HPV genotypes found in patients in Madrid (Spain). METHODS We studied a total of 82 anal biopsies from the Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón of Madrid. These included 4 specimens with benign lesions, 52 specimens with low-grade anal squamous intraepithelial lesion, 24 specimens with high-grade anal squamous intraepithelial lesions and 2 specimens with invasive anal carcinoma. HPV genotyping was performed with PCR amplification and reverse dot blot hybridization. RESULTS We detected 33 different HPV genotypes, including 16 HPVs associated with a high risk of carcinogenesis, 3 HPVs associated with a highly likely risk of carcinogenesis and 14 HPVs associated with a low-risk of carcinogenesis. In two specimens, an uncharacterized HPV genotype was detected. The most frequent HPV genotypes found were HPV-16 (10.3%; 95% CI: 6.6%-15.1%), HPV-52 (8.5%; 95% CI: 5.2%-13%) and HPV-43/44 (7.6%; 95% CI: 4.5%-11.9%). HPV-18 was only detected in 0.9% (95% CI: 0.1%-3.2%) of the total viruses detected in all lesions. HPV co-infections were found in 83.9% of all types of lesions. The majority of cases (90.2%) were concomitantly infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). CONCLUSION The prevalence of high-risk carcinogenic genotypes in anal pathological samples was remarkable. Therefore, further studies that include a greater number of samples, particularly invasive carcinoma cases are needed to evaluate the potential influence of these HPV genotypes in the appearance of anal carcinomas. Also, the influence of other accompanying infections should be evaluated clarify the appearance of this type of carcinoma. VIRTUAL SLIDES The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/2075238024106058.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamín García-Espinosa
- Department of Histology and Anatomical Pathology, Rey Juan Carlos University, School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ernesto Moro-Rodríguez
- Department of Histology and Anatomical Pathology, Rey Juan Carlos University, School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Av de Atenas s/n, E28922, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Álvarez-Fernández
- Department of Anatomical Pathology and Laboratories, Hospital General Universitario “Gregorio Marañón”, Madrid, Spain
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Ondič O, Kašpírková J, Májek O, Kinkorová I. HPV typing of high-grade dysplasia (CIN III) in cone biopsies of 38 HPV-vaccinated women. Virchows Arch 2013; 464:79-83. [PMID: 24276406 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-013-1511-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
HPV-vaccinated women develop CIN III very rarely. We have identified a study group of 38 such patients and showed that a specific HPV genotype prevalence in those cases equals the prevalence of HPV genotypes in CIN III present in the general Czech population. In all cases, CIN III was diagnosed within 3 years after having completed the HPV vaccination. We conclude that dysplasia was present before the vaccination in those women. A history of abnormal pre-vaccination PAP smear result (present in 78 % of women in the study group) and age of over 17 by the time of vaccination completion (97 % of women in the study group) are identified as probable factors increasing the risk of CIN III development after HPV vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Ondič
- Šikl's Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Alej Svobody 80, 304 60, Pilsen, Czech Republic,
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Sehnal B, Dusek L, Cibula D, Zima T, Halaska M, Driak D, Slama J. The relationship between the cervical and anal HPV infection in women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. J Clin Virol 2013; 59:18-23. [PMID: 24315797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than 90% of cases of anal cancers are caused by high-risk human papillomavirus (HR HPV) infection and a history of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is established as possible risk factor. OBJECTIVES To demonstrate relationship between anal and cervical HPV infection in women with different grades of CIN and microinvasive cervical cancer. STUDY DESIGN A total of 272 women were enrolled in the study. The study group included 172 women who underwent conization for high-grade CIN or microinvasive cervical cancer. The control group consisted of 100 women with non-neoplastic gynecologic diseases or biopsy-confirmed CIN 1. All participants completed a questionnaire detailing their medical history and sexual risk factors and were subjected to anal and cervical HPV genotyping using Cobas and Lynear array HPV test. RESULTS Cervical, anal, and concurrent cervical and anal HPV infections were detected in 82.6%, 48.3% and 42.4% of women in the study group, and in 28.0%, 26.0% and 8.0% of women in the control group, respectively. The prevalence of the HR HPV genotypes was higher in the study group and significantly increased with the severity of cervical lesion. Concurrent infections of the cervix and anus occurred 5.3-fold more often in the study group than in the control group. Any contact with the anus was the only significant risk factor for development of concurrent HPV infection. CONCLUSIONS Concurrent anal and cervical HR HPV infection was found in nearly half of women with CIN 2+. The dominant genotype found in both anatomical locations was HPV 16. Any frequency and any type of contact with the anus were shown as the most important risk factor for concurrent HPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borek Sehnal
- Hospital Na Bulovce and 1st School of Medicine, Charles University, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Budinova 2, Prague 8, 180 81, Czech Republic.
| | - Ladislav Dusek
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Kamenice 3, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - David Cibula
- General University Hospital and 1st School of Medicine, Gynaecologic Oncology Centre, Charles University, Apolinarska 18, Prague 2, 128 51, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Zima
- General University Hospital and 1st School of Medicine, Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Charles University, U Nemocnice 2, Prague 2, 128 08, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Halaska
- Hospital Na Bulovce and 1st School of Medicine, Charles University, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Budinova 2, Prague 8, 180 81, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Driak
- Hospital Na Bulovce and 1st School of Medicine, Charles University, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Budinova 2, Prague 8, 180 81, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Slama
- General University Hospital and 1st School of Medicine, Gynaecologic Oncology Centre, Charles University, Apolinarska 18, Prague 2, 128 51, Czech Republic
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Human papillomavirus type-specific prevalence in the cervical cancer screening population of Czech women. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79156. [PMID: 24265750 PMCID: PMC3827175 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV)types has been recognized as a causal factor for the development of cervical cancer and a number of other malignancies. Today, vaccines against HPV, highly effective in the prevention of persistent infection and precancerous lesions, are available for the routine clinical practice. Objectives The data on the prevalence and type-specific HPV distribution in the population of each country are crucial for the surveillance of HPV type-specific prevalence at the onset of vaccination against HPV. Methods Women attending a preventive gynecological examination who had no history of abnormal cytological finding and/or surgery for cervical lesions were enrolled. All samples were tested for the presence of HPV by High-Risk Hybrid Capture 2 (HR HC2) and by a modified PCR-reverse line blot assay with broad spectrum primers (BS-RLB). Results Cervical smears of 1393 women were analyzed. In 6.5% of women, atypical cytological findings were detected. Altogether, 28.3% (394/1393) of women were positive for any HPV type by BS-RLB, 18.2% (254/1393) by HR HC2, and 22.3% (310/1393) by BS-RLB for HR HPV types. In women with atypical findings the prevalence for HR and any HPV types were significantly higher than in women with normal cytological findings. Overall, 36 different HPV types were detected, with HPV 16 being the most prevalent (4.8%). HPV positivity decreased with age; the highest prevalence was 31.5% in the age group 21-25 years. Conclusions Our study subjects represent the real screening population. HPV prevalence in this population in the Czech Republic is higher than in other countries of Eastern Europe. Also the spectrum of the most prevalent HPV types differs from those reported by others but HPV 16 is, concordantly, the most prevalent type. Country-specific HPV type-specific prevalences provide baseline information which will enable to measure the impact of HPV vaccination in the future.
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Hernandez-Suarez G, Pineros M, Vargas JC, Orjuela L, Hernandez F, Peroza C, Torres D, Escobar A, Perez G. Human papillomavirus genotypes in genital warts in Latin America: a cross-sectional study in Bogota, Colombia. Int J STD AIDS 2013; 24:567-72. [PMID: 23970773 DOI: 10.1177/0956462412474538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies on benign lesions related to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection are scarce in Latin America. We enrolled 342 consecutive patients with lesions suspected of being genital warts (GW). All patients underwent confirmatory biopsy and GP5+/GP6+/- Reverse Line Blot HPV testing on frozen tissue. In 261 (81%) cases, the diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology and HPV was detected in 90.6% of men and 87.7% of women. HPV 6 was by far the most common type in both women (62%) and men (56%), followed by HPV 11 (∼20%). Co-infection with these two types occurred in 7% and 12% of women and men, respectively. HPV16 ranked third in prevalence, with 16% of patients testing positive. Twenty-five percent of cases tested positive for multiple HPV genotypes. Although HPV 6 and HPV 11 were the main types detected and no differences between men and women were observed, we found HPV 11 contributed more to GW aetiology compared with previous reports, showing a variability of HPV type distribution in GW across populations. This information is valuable baseline data in Latin America for future estimations of the burden of GW in men and women and shows the potential benefit obtainable by prophylactic vaccination against HPV types 6 and 11.
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Komloš KF, Kocjan BJ, Košorok P, Luzar B, Meglič L, Potočnik M, Hočevar-Boltežar I, Gale N, Seme K, Poljak M. Tumor-specific and gender-specific pre-vaccination distribution of human papillomavirus types 6 and 11 in anogenital warts and laryngeal papillomas: A study on 574 tissue specimens. J Med Virol 2012; 84:1233-41. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Round Up: Human papillomavirus (HPV). REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH MATTERS 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0968-8080(11)38592-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
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