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Huston JP, Chao OY. Probing the nature of episodic memory in rodents. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 144:104930. [PMID: 36544301 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Episodic memory (EM) specifies the experience of retrieving information of an event at the place and time of occurrence. Whether non-human animals are capable of EM remains debated, whereas evidence suggests that they have a memory system akin to EM. We here trace the development of various behavioral paradigms designed to study EM in non-human animals, in particular the rat. We provide an in-depth description of the available behavioral tests which combine three spontaneous object exploration paradigms, namely novel object preference (for measuring memory for "what"), novel location preference (for measuring memory for "where") and temporal order memory (memory for "when"), into a single trial to gauge a memory akin to EM. Most important, we describe a variation of such a test in which each memory component interacts with the others, demonstrating an integration of diverse mnemonic information. We discuss why a behavioral model of EM must be able to assess the ability to integrate "what", "where" and "when" information into a single experience. We attempt an interpretation of the various tests and review the studies that have applied them in areas such as pharmacology, neuroanatomy, circuit analysis, and sleep. Finally, we anticipate future directions in the search for neural mechanisms of EM in the rat and outline model experiments and methodologies in this pursuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Huston
- Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Psychology, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Owen Y Chao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
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2
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Araújo DC, Veloso AA, Gomes KB, Souza LCD, Ziviani N, Caramelli P. A Novel Panel of Plasma Proteins Predicts Progression in Prodromal Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 88:549-561. [PMID: 35662125 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A cheap and minimum-invasive method for early identification of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis is key to disease management and the success of emerging treatments targeting the prodromal phases of the disease. OBJECTIVE To develop a machine learning-based blood panel to predict the progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia due to AD within a four-year time-to-conversion horizon. METHODS We created over one billion models to predict the probability of conversion from MCI to dementia due to AD and chose the best-performing one. We used Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data of 379 MCI individuals in the baseline visit, from which 176 converted to AD dementia. RESULTS We developed a machine learning-based panel composed of 12 plasma proteins (ApoB, Calcitonin, C-peptide, CRP, IGFBP-2, Interleukin-3, Interleukin-8, PARC, Serotransferrin, THP, TLSP 1-309, and TN-C), and which yielded an AUC of 0.91, accuracy of 0.91, sensitivity of 0.84, and specificity of 0.98 for predicting the risk of MCI patients converting to dementia due to AD in a horizon of up to four years. CONCLUSION The proposed machine learning model was able to accurately predict the risk of MCI patients converting to dementia due to AD in a horizon of up to four years, suggesting that this model could be used as a minimum-invasive tool for clinical decision support. Further studies are needed to better clarify the possible pathophysiological links with the reported proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniella Castro Araújo
- Computer Science Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil.,Kunumi, Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil.,Huna, São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Adriano Alonso Veloso
- Computer Science Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Karina Braga Gomes
- School of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | | | - Nivio Ziviani
- Computer Science Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil.,Kunumi, Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Paulo Caramelli
- Computer Science Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
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3
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Vasyutina M, Alieva A, Reutova O, Bakaleiko V, Murashova L, Dyachuk V, Catapano AL, Baragetti A, Magni P. The zebrafish model system for dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis research: Focus on environmental/exposome factors and genetic mechanisms. Metabolism 2022; 129:155138. [PMID: 35051509 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dyslipidemias and atherosclerosis play a pivotal role in cardiovascular risk and disease. Although some pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these conditions have been unveiled, several knowledge gaps still remain. Experimental models, both in vitro and in vivo, have been instrumental to our better understanding of such complex processes. The latter have often been based on rodent species, either wild-type or, in several instances, genetically modified. In this context, the zebrafish may represent an additional very useful in vivo experimental model for dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis. Interestingly, the lipid metabolism of zebrafish shares several features with that present in humans, recapitulating some molecular features and pathophysiological aspects in a better way than that of rodents. The zebrafish model may be of help to address questions related to exposome factors as well as to genetic features, aiming to dissect selected aspects of the more complex scenario observed in humans. Indeed, exposome-related dyslipidemia/atherosclerosis research in zebrafish may target different scientific questions, related to nutrition, microbiota, temperature, light exposure at the larval stage, exposure to chemicals and epigenetic consequences of such external factors. Addressing genetic features related to dyslipidemia/atherosclerosis using the zebrafish model is already a reality and active research is now ongoing in this promising area. Novel technologies (gene and genome editing) may help to identify new candidate genes involved in dyslipidemia and dyslipidemia-related diseases. Based on these considerations, the zebrafish experimental model appears highly suitable for the study of exposome factors, genes and molecules involved in the development of atherosclerosis-related disease as well as for the validation of novel potential treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Vasyutina
- Almazov Federal Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Asiiat Alieva
- Almazov Federal Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga Reutova
- Almazov Federal Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Lada Murashova
- Almazov Federal Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Alberico L Catapano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Baragetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Magni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy.
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4
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Maternal opioid use disorder: Placental transcriptome analysis for neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome. Genomics 2021; 113:3610-3617. [PMID: 34352367 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Excessive prenatal opioid exposure may lead to the development of Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome (NOWS). RNA-seq was done on 64 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded placental tissue samples from 32 mothers with opioid use disorder, with newborns with NOWS that required treatment, and 32 prenatally unexposed controls. We identified 93 differentially expressed genes in the placentas of infants with NOWS compared to unexposed controls. There were 4 up- and 89 downregulated genes. Among these, 7 genes CYP1A1, APOB, RPH3A, NRXN1, LINC01206, AL157396.1, UNC80 achieved an FDR p-value of <0.01. The remaining 87 genes were significant with FDR p-value <0.05. The 4 upregulated, CYP1A1, FP671120.3, RAD1, RN7SL856P, and the 10 most significantly downregulated genes were RNA5SP364, GRIN2A, UNC5D, DMBT1P1, MIR3976HG, LINC02199, LINC02822, PANTR1, AC012178.1, CTNNA2. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified the 7 most likely to play an important role in the etiology of NOWS. Our study expands insights into the genetic mechanisms of NOWS development.
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Diniz Pereira J, Gomes Fraga V, Morais Santos AL, Carvalho MDG, Caramelli P, Braga Gomes K. Alzheimer's disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review of proteomic studies. J Neurochem 2020; 156:753-776. [PMID: 32909269 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Similar to dementia, the risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increases with age, and T2DM also increases the risk for dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although T2DM is primarily a peripheral disorder and AD is a central nervous system disease, both share some common features as they are chronic and complex diseases, and both show involvement of oxidative stress and inflammation in their progression. These characteristics suggest that T2DM may be associated with AD, which gave rise to a new term, type 3 diabetes (T3DM). In this study, we searched for matching peripheral proteomic biomarkers of AD and T2DM based in a systematic review of the available literature. We identified 17 common biomarkers that were differentially expressed in both patients with AD or T2DM when compared with healthy controls. These biomarkers could provide a useful workflow for screening T2DM patients at risk to develop AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Diniz Pereira
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Gomes Fraga
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Anna Luiza Morais Santos
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria das Graças Carvalho
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paulo Caramelli
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Karina Braga Gomes
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Leconte C, Benedetto C, Lentini F, Simon K, Ouaazizi C, Taib T, Cho A, Plotkine M, Mongeau R, Marchand-Leroux C, Besson VC. Histological and Behavioral Evaluation after Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice: A Ten Months Follow-Up Study. J Neurotrauma 2020; 37:1342-1357. [PMID: 31830858 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2019.6679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a chronic pathology, inducing long-term deficits that remain understudied in pre-clinical studies. In this context, exploration, anxiety-like behavior, cognitive flexibility, and motor coordination were assessed until 5 and 10 months after an experimental TBI in the adult mouse, using two cohorts. In order to differentiate age, surgery, and remote gray and white matter lesions, three groups (unoperated, sham-operated, and TBI) were studied. TBI induced delayed motor coordination deficits at the pole test, 4.5 months after injury, that could be explained by gray and white matter damages in ipsilateral nigrostriatal structures (striatum, internal capsule) that were spreading to new structures between cohorts, at 5 versus 10 months after the injury. Further, TBI induced an enhanced exploratory behavior during stressful situations (active phase during actimetry test, object exploration in an open field), risk-taking behaviors in the elevated plus maze 5 months after injury, and a cognitive inflexibility in the Barnes maze that persisted until 9 months after the injury. These behavioral modifications could be related to the white and gray matter lesions observed in ipsi- and contralateral limbic structures (amygdala, hilus/cornu ammonis 4, hypothalamus, external capsule, corpus callosum, and cingular cortex) that were spreading to new structures between cohorts, at 5 months versus 10 months after the injury. The present study corroborates clinical findings on TBI and provides a relevant rodent chronic model which could help in validating pharmacological strategies against the chronic consequences of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Leconte
- EA 4475, "Pharmacologie de la Circulation Cérébrale," Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Chiara Benedetto
- EA 4475, "Pharmacologie de la Circulation Cérébrale," Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Federica Lentini
- EA 4475, "Pharmacologie de la Circulation Cérébrale," Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Kristin Simon
- EA 4475, "Pharmacologie de la Circulation Cérébrale," Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Chahid Ouaazizi
- EA 4475, "Pharmacologie de la Circulation Cérébrale," Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Toufik Taib
- EA 4475, "Pharmacologie de la Circulation Cérébrale," Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Angelo Cho
- EA 4475, "Pharmacologie de la Circulation Cérébrale," Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Michel Plotkine
- EA 4475, "Pharmacologie de la Circulation Cérébrale," Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Raymond Mongeau
- EA 4475, "Pharmacologie de la Circulation Cérébrale," Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Marchand-Leroux
- EA 4475, "Pharmacologie de la Circulation Cérébrale," Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Valérie C Besson
- EA 4475, "Pharmacologie de la Circulation Cérébrale," Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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de Oliveira J, Engel DF, de Paula GC, Melo HM, Lopes SC, Ribeiro CT, Delanogare E, Moreira JCF, Gelain DP, Prediger RD, Gabilan NH, Moreira ELG, Ferreira ST, de Bem AF. LDL Receptor Deficiency Does not Alter Brain Amyloid-β Levels but Causes an Exacerbation of Apoptosis. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 73:585-596. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-190742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jade de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
| | - Daiane F. Engel
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
| | - Gabriela C. de Paula
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
| | - Helen M. Melo
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Samantha C. Lopes
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
| | - Camila T. Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Eslen Delanogare
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
| | - José Claudio F. Moreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Daniel P. Gelain
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Rui D. Prediger
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
| | - Nelson H. Gabilan
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
| | - Eduardo Luiz G. Moreira
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
| | - Sergio T. Ferreira
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Andreza F. de Bem
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brasil
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Lu Y, Zhang C, Lu X, Moeini M, Thorin E, Lesage F. Impact of atherosclerotic disease on cerebral microvasculature and tissue oxygenation in awake LDLR-/-hApoB+/+ transgenic mice. NEUROPHOTONICS 2019; 6:045003. [PMID: 31673566 PMCID: PMC6811703 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.6.4.045003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We explore cortical microvasculature changes during the progression of atherosclerosis using young and old transgenic atherosclerotic (ATX) mice with thinned-skull cranial window. In awake animals, exploiting intrinsic signal optical imaging, Doppler optical coherence tomography, and two-photon microscopy, we investigate how the progression of atherosclerotic disease affects the morphology and function of cortical microvasculature as well as baseline cerebral tissue oxygenation. Results show that aged ATX mice exhibited weaker hemodynamic response in the somatosensory cortex to whisker stimulation and that the diameter of their descending arterioles and associated mean blood flow decreased significantly compared with the young ATX group. Data from two-photon phosphorescence lifetime microscopy indicate that old ATX mice had lower and more heterogeneous partial pressure of oxygen ( PO 2 ) in cortical tissue than young ATX mice. In addition, hypoxic micropockets in cortical tissue were found in old, but not young, ATX mice. Capillary red blood cell (RBC) flux, RBC velocity, RBC velocity heterogeneity, hematocrit, and diameter were also measured using line scans with two-photon fluorescence microscopy. When compared with the young group, RBC flux, velocity, and hematocrit decreased and RBC velocity heterogeneity increased in old ATX mice, presumably due to disturbed blood supply from arterioles that were affected by atherosclerosis. Finally, dilation of capillaries in old ATX mice was observed, which suggests that capillaries play an active role in compensating for an oxygen deficit in brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuankang Lu
- École Polytechnique de Montréal, Laboratoire d’Imagerie optique et moléculaire, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Cong Zhang
- Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Xuecong Lu
- École Polytechnique de Montréal, Laboratoire d’Imagerie optique et moléculaire, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mohammad Moeini
- Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Biomedical Engineering Department, Tehran, Iran
| | - Eric Thorin
- Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Frédéric Lesage
- École Polytechnique de Montréal, Laboratoire d’Imagerie optique et moléculaire, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Address all correspondence to Frédéric Lesage, E-mail:
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Mushenkova NV, Summerhill VI, Silaeva YY, Deykin AV, Orekhov AN. Modelling of atherosclerosis in genetically modified animals. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:4614-4633. [PMID: 31497187 PMCID: PMC6731422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a lipid-driven, chronic inflammatory disease that leads to plaque formation at specific sites of the arterial tree. Being the common cause of many cardiovascular disorders, atherosclerosis makes a tremendous impact on morbidity and mortality rates of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in countries with higher income. Animal models of atherosclerosis are utilized as useful tools for studying the aetiology, pathogenesis and complications of atherosclerosis, thus, providing a valuable platform for the efficacy testing of different pharmacological therapies and validation of imaging techniques. To date, a large variety of models is available. Pathophysiological changes can be induced in animals by either an atherogenic diet or genetic manipulations. The discussion of advantages and disadvantages of some murine, rabbit and porcine genetic models currently available for the atherosclerosis research is the scope of the following review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Volha I Summerhill
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative CentreMoscow 121609, Russia
| | - Yulia Yu Silaeva
- Centre of Collective Usage, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences34/5 Vavilova Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Alexey V Deykin
- Centre of Collective Usage, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences34/5 Vavilova Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Alexander N Orekhov
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative CentreMoscow 121609, Russia
- Centre of Collective Usage, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences34/5 Vavilova Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
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10
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Cuellar-Barboza AB, Winham SJ, Biernacka JM, Frye MA, McElroy SL. Clinical phenotype and genetic risk factors for bipolar disorder with binge eating: an update. Expert Rev Neurother 2019; 19:867-879. [PMID: 31269819 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2019.1638764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Clinical and genetic study of psychiatric conditions has underscored the co-occurrence of complex phenotypes and the need to refine them. Bipolar Disorder (BD) and Binge Eating (BE) behavior are common psychiatric conditions that have high heritability and high co-occurrence, such that at least one quarter of BD patients have BE (BD + BE). Genetic studies of BD alone and of BE alone suggest complex polygenic risk models, with many genetic risk loci yet to be identified. Areas covered: We review studies of the epidemiology of BD+BE, its clinical features (cognitive traits, psychiatric comorbidity, and role of obesity), genomic studies (of BD, eating disorders (ED) defined by BE, and BD + BE), and therapeutic implications of BD + BE. Expert opinion: Subphenotyping of complex psychiatric disorders reduces heterogeneity and increases statistical power and effect size; thus, it enhances our capacity to find missing genetic (and other) risk factors. BD + BE has a severe clinical picture and genetic studies suggests a distinct genetic architecture. Differential therapeutic interventions may be needed for patients with BD + BE compared with BD patients without BE. Recognizing the BD + BE subphenotype is an example of moving towards more precise clinical and genetic entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo B Cuellar-Barboza
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine , Monterrey , NL , Mexico.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | - Stacey J Winham
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA.,Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | - Joanna M Biernacka
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA.,Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | - Mark A Frye
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA.,Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | - Susan L McElroy
- Lindner Center of HOPE , Mason , OH , USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , OH , USA
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11
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Neuroprotection by Heat Shock Factor-1 (HSF1) and Trimerization-Deficient Mutant Identifies Novel Alterations in Gene Expression. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17255. [PMID: 30467350 PMCID: PMC6250741 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35610-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock factor-1 (HSF1) protects neurons from death caused by the accumulation of misfolded proteins by stimulating the transcription of genes encoding heat shock proteins (HSPs). This stimulatory action depends on the association of trimeric HSF1 to sequences within HSP gene promoters. However, we recently described that HSF-AB, a mutant form of HSF1 that is incapable of either homo-trimerization, association with HSP gene promoters, or stimulation of HSP expression, protects neurons just as efficiently as wild-type HSF1 suggesting an alternative neuroprotective mechanism that is activated by HSF1. To gain insight into the mechanism by which HSF1 and HSF1-AB protect neurons, we used RNA-Seq technology to identify transcriptional alterations induced by these proteins in either healthy cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) or neurons primed to die. When HSF1 was ectopically-expressed in healthy neurons, 1,211 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified with 1,075 being upregulated. When HSF1 was expressed in neurons primed to die, 393 genes were upregulated and 32 genes were downregulated. In sharp contrast, HSF1-AB altered expression of 13 genes in healthy neurons and only 6 genes in neurons under apoptotic conditions, suggesting that the neuroprotective effect of HSF1-AB may be mediated by a non-transcriptional mechanism. We validated the altered expression of 15 genes by QPCR. Although other studies have conducted RNA-Seq analyses to identify HSF1 targets, our study performed using primary neurons has identified a number of novel targets that may play a special role in brain maintenance and function.
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Ong KL, Morris MJ, McClelland RL, Hughes TM, Maniam J, Fitzpatrick AL, Martin SS, Luchsinger JA, Rapp SR, Hayden KM, Sandfort V, Allison MA, Rye KA. Relationship of Lipids and Lipid-Lowering Medications With Cognitive Function: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Am J Epidemiol 2018; 187:767-776. [PMID: 29617947 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwx329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on the relationship of cholesterol concentrations and lipid-lowering medications with dementia risk have yielded inconsistent findings. Therefore, we investigated the association of lipid concentrations and lipid-lowering medications with cognitive function in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis across 3 different cognitive domains assessed by means of the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI; version 2), the Digit Symbol Coding (DSC) Test, and the Digit Span (DS) Test in 2010-2012. After adjustment for sociodemographic and confounding factors, including concentrations of other lipids and use of lipid-lowering medication, higher total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and non-high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations were modestly associated with higher DS Test scores. None of the lipid parameters were associated with CASI or DSC Test scores. Similarly, changes in lipid concentrations were not associated with any cognitive function test score. Using treatment effects model analysis and after adjusting for confounding factors, including lipid concentrations, the use of any lipid-lowering medication, especially statins, was associated with higher scores on the CASI and backward DS tests but not on the DSC and forward DS tests. Our study does not support a robust association between lipid concentrations and cognitive function or between the use of lipid-lowering medication, especially statins, and worse cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwok Leung Ong
- Lipid Research Group, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Margaret J Morris
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robyn L McClelland
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Timothy M Hughes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Jayanthi Maniam
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Annette L Fitzpatrick
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Global Health, Schools of Public Health and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Seth S Martin
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - José A Luchsinger
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Stephen R Rapp
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Kathleen M Hayden
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Division of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Veit Sandfort
- Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Matthew A Allison
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Kerry-Anne Rye
- Lipid Research Group, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Ariza M, Cuenca N, Mauri M, Jurado MA, Garolera M. Neuropsychological performance of young familial hypercholesterolemia patients. Eur J Intern Med 2016; 34:e29-e31. [PMID: 27264249 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mar Ariza
- Brain, Cognition and Behaviour: Clinical Research, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain; Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Cuenca
- Brain, Cognition and Behaviour: Clinical Research, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain; Neuropsychology Unit, Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain
| | - Marta Mauri
- Brain, Cognition and Behaviour: Clinical Research, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain; Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain
| | - M Angels Jurado
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour (IR3C), Barcelona, Spain; Grup de Recerca Consolidat en Neuropsicologia (2014SGR98), Spain
| | - Maite Garolera
- Brain, Cognition and Behaviour: Clinical Research, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain; Neuropsychology Unit, Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain; Grup de Recerca Consolidat en Neuropsicologia (2014SGR98), Spain.
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14
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Imbalanced cholesterol metabolism in Alzheimer's disease. Clin Chim Acta 2016; 456:107-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2016.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Lénárt N, Walter FR, Bocsik A, Sántha P, Tóth ME, Harazin A, Tóth AE, Vizler C, Török Z, Pilbat AM, Vígh L, Puskás LG, Sántha M, Deli MA. Cultured cells of the blood-brain barrier from apolipoprotein B-100 transgenic mice: effects of oxidized low-density lipoprotein treatment. Fluids Barriers CNS 2015; 12:17. [PMID: 26184769 PMCID: PMC4504453 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-015-0013-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The apolipoprotein B-100 (ApoB-100) transgenic mouse line is a model of human atherosclerosis. Latest findings suggest the importance of ApoB-100 in the development of neurodegenerative diseases and microvascular/perivascular localization of ApoB-100 protein was demonstrated in the cerebral cortex of ApoB-100 transgenic mice. The aim of the study was to characterize cultured brain endothelial cells, pericytes and glial cells from wild-type and ApoB-100 transgenic mice and to study the effect of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) on these cells. METHODS Morphology of cells isolated from brains of wild type and ApoB-100 transgenic mice was characterized by immunohistochemistry and the intensity of immunolabeling was quantified by image analysis. Toxicity of oxLDL treatment was monitored by real-time impedance measurement and lactate dehydrogenase release. Reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide production, barrier permeability in triple co-culture blood-brain barrier model and membrane fluidity were also determined after low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or oxLDL treatment. RESULTS The presence of ApoB-100 was confirmed in brain endothelial cells, while no morphological change was observed between wild type and transgenic cells. Oxidized but not native LDL exerted dose-dependent toxicity in all three cell types, induced barrier dysfunction and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in both genotypes. A partial protection from oxLDL toxicity was seen in brain endothelial and glial cells from ApoB-100 transgenic mice. Increased membrane rigidity was measured in brain endothelial cells from ApoB-100 transgenic mice and in LDL or oxLDL treated wild type cells. CONCLUSION The morphological and functional properties of cultured brain endothelial cells, pericytes and glial cells from ApoB-100 transgenic mice were characterized and compared to wild type cells for the first time. The membrane fluidity changes in ApoB-100 transgenic cells related to brain microvasculature indicate alterations in lipid composition which may be linked to the partial protection against oxLDL toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolett Lénárt
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, 6720, Szeged, Hungary. .,Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Fruzsina R Walter
- Biological Barriers Research Group, Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Alexandra Bocsik
- Biological Barriers Research Group, Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Petra Sántha
- Biological Barriers Research Group, Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Melinda E Tóth
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, 6720, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - András Harazin
- Biological Barriers Research Group, Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Andrea E Tóth
- Biological Barriers Research Group, Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Csaba Vizler
- Laboratory of Molecular Stress Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Zsolt Török
- Laboratory of Molecular Stress Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Ana-Maria Pilbat
- Laboratory of Molecular Stress Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - László Vígh
- Laboratory of Molecular Stress Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - László G Puskás
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Laboratories of Core Facilities, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Miklós Sántha
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, 6720, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Mária A Deli
- Biological Barriers Research Group, Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary.
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16
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A critical appraisal of the what-where-when episodic-like memory test in rodents: Achievements, caveats and future directions. Prog Neurobiol 2015; 130:71-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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de Oliveira J, de Bem AF, Moreira ELG. Low-density lipoprotein receptor: a promising therapeutic target to promote cerebral beta-amyloid clearance? CNS Neurosci Ther 2014; 20:877-8. [PMID: 25091057 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jade de Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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18
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Winham SJ, Cuellar-Barboza AB, McElroy SL, Oliveros A, Crow S, Colby CL, Choi DS, Chauhan M, Frye MA, Biernacka JM. Bipolar disorder with comorbid binge eating history: a genome-wide association study implicates APOB. J Affect Disord 2014; 165:151-8. [PMID: 24882193 PMCID: PMC4224146 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) is a highly heritable disease. While genome-wide association (GWA) studies have identified several genetic risk factors for BD, few of these studies have investigated the genetic etiology of specific disease subtypes. In particular, BD is positively associated with eating dysregulation traits such as binge eating behavior (BE), yet the genetic risk factors underlying BD with comorbid BE have not been investigated. METHODS Utilizing data from the Genetic Association Information Network study of BD, which included 729,454 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyped in 1001 European American bipolar cases and 1034 controls, we performed GWA analyses of bipolar subtypes defined by the presence or absence of BE history, and performed a case-only analysis comparing BD subjects with and without BE history. Association signals were refined using imputation, and network analysis was performed with Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software. Based on these results, candidate SNPs were selected for replication in an independent sample of 855 cases and 857 controls. RESULTS Top ranking SNPs in the discovery set included rs6006893 in PRR5, rs17045162 in ANK2, rs13233490 near PER4, rs4665788 and rs10198175 downstream of APOB, rs2367911 in CACNA2D1, and rs7249968 near ZNF536. Rs10198175 in APOB also demonstrated evidence of association in the replication sample and a meta-analysis of the two samples. LIMITATIONS Without information of BE history in controls, it is not possible to determine whether the observed association with APOB reflects a risk factor for BE behavior in general or a risk factor for a subtype of BD with BE. Further longitudinal and functional studies are needed to determine the causal pathways underlying the observed associations. CONCLUSIONS This study identified new potential BD-susceptibility genes, highlighting the advantages of phenotypic sub-classification in genetic research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey J. Winham
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Alfredo B. Cuellar-Barboza
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Susan L. McElroy
- Lindner Center of HOPE, Mason, OH, USA,University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Alfredo Oliveros
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Scott Crow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA,The Emily Program, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Colin L. Colby
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Doo-Sup Choi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mohit Chauhan
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Health Systems, Austin, MN, USA
| | - Mark A. Frye
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Joanna M. Biernacka
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Corresponding author at: Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. Tel.: +1 507 538 5274; fax: +1 507 284 9542. (J.M. Biernacka)
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Mancini G, de Oliveira J, Hort MA, Moreira ELG, Ribeiro-do-Valle RM, Rocha JBT, de Bem AF. Diphenyl diselenide differently modulates cardiovascular redox responses in young adult and middle-aged low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout hypercholesterolemic mice. J Pharm Pharmacol 2013; 66:387-97. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The present work aimed to investigate the effect of (PhSe)2 on cardiovascular age-related oxidative stress in hypercholesterolemic mice.
Methods
To this end, LDL receptor knockout (LDLr−/−) mice, 3 months (young adult) and 12 months (middle-aged) old, were orally treated with (PhSe)2.
Key findings
Hypercholesterolemia, regardless of age, impaired the mitochondrial antioxidant defence in the cardiac tissue, which was characterized by a decline in mitochondrial aortic glutathione (GSH) levels and increased reactive oxygen species production in the heart. (PhSe)2 treatment improved GSH levels, thioredoxin reductase (TRxR) and GSH reductase (GR) activity, and decreased malondialdehyde levels in the heart of young adult LDLr−/− mice. Moreover, (PhSe)2 increased GPx activity in both age groups, and GR activity in the aorta of middle-aged LDLr−/− mice.
Conclusions
Therefore, (PhSe)2 enhances the antioxidant defences in the cardiovascular system of LDLr−/− mice, which could explain its success as an anti-atherogenic compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianni Mancini
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Jade de Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Mariana Appel Hort
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Luiz Gasnhar Moreira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | - Andreza Fabro de Bem
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Bink DI, Ritz K, Aronica E, van der Weerd L, Daemen MJAP. Mouse models to study the effect of cardiovascular risk factors on brain structure and cognition. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2013; 33:1666-84. [PMID: 23963364 PMCID: PMC3824184 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2013.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent clinical data indicates that hemodynamic changes caused by cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, heart failure, and hypertension affect cognition. Yet, the underlying mechanisms of the resulting vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) are poorly understood. One reason for the lack of mechanistic insights in VCI is that research in dementia primarily focused on Alzheimer's disease models. To fill in this gap, we critically reviewed the published data and various models of VCI. Typical findings in VCI include reduced cerebral perfusion, blood-brain barrier alterations, white matter lesions, and cognitive deficits, which have also been reported in different cardiovascular mouse models. However, the tests performed are incomplete and differ between models, hampering a direct comparison between models and studies. Nevertheless, from the currently available data we conclude that a few existing surgical animal models show the key features of vascular cognitive decline, with the bilateral common carotid artery stenosis hypoperfusion mouse model as the most promising model. The transverse aortic constriction and myocardial infarction models may be good alternatives, but these models are as yet less characterized regarding the possible cerebral changes. Mixed models could be used to study the combined effects of different cardiovascular diseases on the deterioration of cognition during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diewertje I Bink
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Katja Ritz
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eleonora Aronica
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- SEIN—Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland, Heemstede, The Netherlands
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Louise van der Weerd
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mat JAP Daemen
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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21
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de Oliveira J, Moreira ELG, Mancini G, Hort MA, Latini A, Ribeiro-do-Valle RM, Farina M, da Rocha JBT, de Bem AF. Diphenyl diselenide prevents cortico-cerebral mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress induced by hypercholesterolemia in LDL receptor knockout mice. Neurochem Res 2013; 38:2028-36. [PMID: 23881289 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-013-1110-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated a causal link between high dietary cholesterol intake and brain oxidative stress. In particular, we have previously shown a positive correlation between elevated plasma cholesterol levels, cortico-cerebral oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in low density lipoprotein receptor knockout (LDLr(-/-)) mice, a mouse model of familial hypercholesterolemia. Here we show that the organoselenium compound diphenyl diselenide (PhSe)2 (1 mg/kg; o.g., once a day for 30 days) significantly blunted the cortico-cerebral oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by a hypercholesterolemic diet in LDLr(-/-) mice. (PhSe)2 effectively prevented the inhibition of complex I and II activities, significantly increased the reduced glutathione (GSH) content and reduced lipoperoxidation in the cerebral cortex of hypercholesterolemic LDLr(-/-) mice. Overall, (PhSe)2 may be a promising molecule to protect against hypercholesterolemia-induced effects on the central nervous system, in addition to its already demonstrated antiatherogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade de Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
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Moreira ELG, Aguiar AS, de Carvalho CR, Santos DB, de Oliveira J, de Bem AF, Xikota JC, Walz R, Farina M, Prediger RD. Effects of lifestyle modifications on cognitive impairments in a mouse model of hypercholesterolemia. Neurosci Lett 2013; 541:193-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Sánchez-Ferro Á, Benito-León J, Mitchell AJ, Bermejo-Pareja F. A review of the potential therapeutic role of statins in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: current research and opinion. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2013; 9:55-63. [PMID: 23319866 PMCID: PMC3540910 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s29105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders. However, there is no current treatment, which definitively influences disease progression over a sustained period. Numerous studies linking an increase in serum cholesterol, mainly during midlife, with the pathogenic process of Alzheimer's disease have been published. Therefore, the role of statins as a therapy in this disorder may be of great interest. The aim of the present review is to summarize of the role of statins in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Sánchez-Ferro
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julián Benito-León
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alex J Mitchell
- Department of Psycho-oncology, Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Félix Bermejo-Pareja
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Madrid, Spain
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Burgos JS, Benavides J, Douillet P, Velasco J, Valdivieso F. How statins could be evaluated successfully in clinical trials for Alzheimer's disease? Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2012; 27:151-3. [PMID: 22510498 PMCID: PMC10845673 DOI: 10.1177/1533317512442998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, a large number of experimental observations have suggested a relationship between alterations in cholesterol homeostasis and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Moreover, epidemiological studies have pointed an association between statin treatment and a decrease in the risk of having AD. For these reasons, a large number of clinical trials have been carried out to determine whether the statins can prevent the progression of AD. However, these studies did not provide clear evidence for the therapeutic efficacy in AD. We consider that there are a number of explanations for this failure that may provide guidance for selecting and clinically developing statins with therapeutic efficacy in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier S Burgos
- BioPharma Division, Neuron Bio, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Armilla, Granada, Spain.
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