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Asfaw TN, Bondarenko VE. A compartmentalized mathematical model of the β 1- and β 2-adrenergic signaling systems in ventricular myocytes from mouse in heart failure. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 324:C263-C291. [PMID: 36468844 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00366.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mouse models of heart failure are extensively used to research human cardiovascular diseases. In particular, one of the most common is the mouse model of heart failure resulting from transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Despite this, there are no comprehensive compartmentalized mathematical models that describe the complex behavior of the action potential, [Ca2+]i transients, and their regulation by β1- and β2-adrenergic signaling systems in failing mouse myocytes. In this paper, we develop a novel compartmentalized mathematical model of failing mouse ventricular myocytes after TAC procedure. The model describes well the cell geometry, action potentials, [Ca2+]i transients, and β1- and β2-adrenergic signaling in the failing cells. Simulation results obtained with the failing cell model are compared with those from the normal ventricular myocytes. Exploration of the model reveals the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ load mechanisms in failing ventricular myocytes. We also show a larger susceptibility of the failing myocytes to early and delayed afterdepolarizations and to a proarrhythmic behavior of Ca2+ dynamics upon stimulation with isoproterenol. The mechanisms of the proarrhythmic behavior suppression are investigated and sensitivity analysis is performed. The developed model can explain the existing experimental data on failing mouse ventricular myocytes and make experimentally testable predictions of a failing myocyte's behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tesfaye Negash Asfaw
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Vladimir E Bondarenko
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
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2
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Silva VLD, Souza SLBD, Mota GAF, Campos DHS, Melo AB, Vileigas DF, Sant’Ana PG, Coelho PM, Bazan SGZ, Leopoldo AS, Cicogna AC. Cenário Disfuncional dos Principais Componentes Responsáveis pelo Equilíbrio do Trânsito de Cálcio Miocárdico na Insuficiência Cardíaca Induzida por Estenose Aórtica. Arq Bras Cardiol 2021; 118:463-475. [PMID: 35262582 PMCID: PMC8856692 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20200618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Fundamento O remodelamento cardíaco patológico se caracteriza por disfunção diastólica e sistólica, levando à insuficiência cardíaca. Neste contexto, o cenário disfuncional do trânsito de cálcio miocárdico (Ca2+) tem sido pouco estudado. Um modelo experimental de estenose aórtica tem sido extensamente utilizado para aprimorar os conhecimentos sobre os principais mecanismos do remodelamento patológico cardíaco. Objetivo Entender o processo disfuncional dos principais componentes responsáveis pelo equilíbrio do cálcio miocárdico e sua influência sobre a função cardíaca na insuficiência cardíaca induzida pela estenose aórtica. Métodos Ratos Wistar de 21 dias de idade foram distribuídos em dois grupos: controle (placebo; n=28) e estenose aórtica (EaO; n=18). A função cardíaca foi analisada com o ecocardiograma, músculo papilar isolado e cardiomiócitos isolados. No ensaio do músculo papilar, SERCA2a e a atividade do canal de Ca2+ do tipo L foram avaliados. O ensaio de cardiomiócitos isolados avaliou o trânsito de cálcio. A expressão proteica da proteínas do trânsito de cálcio foi analisada com o western blot. Os resultados foram estatisticamente significativos quando p <0,05. Resultados Os músculos papilares e cardiomiócitos dos corações no grupo EaO demonstraram falhas mecânicas. Os ratos com EaO apresentaram menor tempo de pico do Ca2+, menor sensibilidade das miofibrilas do Ca2+, prejuízos nos processos de entrada e recaptura de cálcio pelo retículo sarcoplasmático, bem como disfunção no canal de cálcio do tipo L (CCTL). Além disso, os animais com EaO apresentaram maior expressão de SERCA2a, CCTL e trocador de Na+/Ca2+. Conclusão Insuficiência cardíaca sistólica e diastólica devido à estenose aórtica supravalvular acarretou comprometimento da entrada de Ca2+ celular e inibição da recaptura de cálcio pelo retículo sarcoplasmático devido à disfunção no CCTL e SERCA2a, assim como mudanças no trânsito de cálcio e na expressão das principais proteínas responsáveis pela homeostase de Ca2+ celular.
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3
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Ferroportin-mediated ferroptosis involved in new-onset atrial fibrillation with LPS-induced endotoxemia. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 913:174622. [PMID: 34748769 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a known risk factor for new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF), and previous studies have demonstrated that ferroptosis participates in sepsis-induced organ injury development. Nevertheless, the role of ferroptosis in new-onset AF with sepsis remains largely unknown. This study aims to investigate the underlying mechanisms linking ferroptosis and AF caused by sepsis. LPS-induced endotoxemia is often used to model the acute inflammatory response associated with sepsis. Herein, we reported that ferroptosis was significantly activated in LPS-induced endotoxemia rat model. We also observed that ferroportin (Fpn), the only identified mammalian non-heme iron exporter, was downregulated in the atrium of endotoxemia model. Vulnerability to AF was also significantly increased in a endotoxemia rat model. Additionally, Fpn knockdown by shFpn further increased intracellular iron concentration and oxidative stress and exaggerated the AF vulnerability, which was alleviated by ferroptosis inhibition. Mechanistically, silencing Fpn worsened the alterations in calcium handling proteins expression in a endotoxemia rat model. These findings suggest that Fpn-mediated ferroptosis is involved in the new-onset AF with LPS-induced endotoxemia via worsening the calcium handling proteins dysregulation and provides a novel and promising strategy for preventing AF development in sepsis.
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Liu Z, Tao B, Fan S, Cui S, Pu Y, Qiu L, Xia H, Xu L. Over-expression of microRNA-145 drives alterations in β-adrenergic signaling and attenuates cardiac remodeling in heart failure post myocardial infarction. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:11603-11622. [PMID: 32554856 PMCID: PMC7343449 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Numerous studies have highlighted the crucial role of microRNA-145 (miR-145) in coronary atherosclerosis and myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. However, effects of miR-145 on β-adrenergic signaling and cardiac remodeling in heart failure (HF) remains unclarified. Methods and Results: We established HF model in rats with left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusion. Four weeks after LAD ligation, rats showed substantial aggravation of cardiac dilation and electrophysiological instability. Up-regulation of miR-145 ameliorated HF-induced myocardial fibrosis and prolonged action potential duration. Echocardiography revealed increased basal contractility and decreased left ventricular inner-diameter in miR-145 over-expressed heart, while cardiac response to β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) stimulation was reduced. Furthermore, miR-145 increased L-type calcium current (ICa) density while decreased ICa response to β-adrenergic stimulation with isoproterenol. The alterations in βAR signaling might be predominant due to miR-145-mediated activation of Akt/CREB cascades. At high frequency pacing, Ca2+ transient, cell shortening and frequency of Ca2+ waves were significantly improved in AD-miR-145 group. Western blotting revealed that increased expression of Cav1.2, Ca2+-ATPase, β2AR, GNAI3 and decreased level of CaMKII might be attributed to the cardioprotective effects of miR-145. Conclusion: miR-145 effectively alleviates HF-related cardiac remodeling by improving cardiac dilation, fibrosis, intracellular Ca2+ mishandling and electrophysiological instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhebo Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Bo Tao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Suzhen Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Shengyu Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yong Pu
- Renmin Hospital of Hannan, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Liqiang Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Hao Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, PR China
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5
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Shuai W, Kong B, Yang H, Fu H, Huang H. Loss of myeloid differentiation protein 1 promotes atrial fibrillation in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. ESC Heart Fail 2020; 7:626-638. [PMID: 31994333 PMCID: PMC7160510 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Myeloid differentiation protein 1 (MD1) is expressed in the mammalian heart and exerts an anti-arrhythmic effect. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is closely related to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The potential impact of MD1 on AF vulnerability in an HFpEF model is not clear. METHODS AND RESULTS MD1 knock-out and wild-type (WT) mice were subjected to uninephrectomy and continuous saline or d-aldosterone infusion and given 1% sodium chloride drinking water for 4 weeks. Echocardiographic and haemodynamic measurements, electrophysiological studies, Masson staining, and molecular analysis were performed. Aldosterone-infused WT mice develop HFpEF with left ventricular hypertrophy, moderate hypertension, pulmonary congestion, and diastolic dysfunction. Aldosterone infusion increased the vulnerability of WT mice to AF, as shown by a prolonged interatrial conduction time, shortened effective refractory period, and higher incidence of AF. In addition, aldosterone infusion increased myocardial fibrosis and inflammation, decreased sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ -ATPase 2a protein expression and the phosphorylation of phospholamban at Thr17, and increased sodium/calcium exchanger 1 protein expression and the phosphorylation of ryanodine receptor 2 in WT mice. All of the above adverse effects of aldosterone infusion were further exacerbated in MD1 knock-out mice compare with WT mice. Mechanistically, MD1 deletion increased the activation of the toll-like receptor 4/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II signalling pathway in in vivo and in vitro experiments. CONCLUSIONS MD1 deficiency increases the vulnerability of HFpEF mice to AF. This is mainly caused by aggravated maladaptive left atrial fibrosis and inflammation and worsened dysregulation of calcium handling, which is induced by the enhanced activation of the toll-like receptor 4/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shuai
- Department of CardiologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University238 Jiefang RoadWuhanHubei430060China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Bin Kong
- Department of CardiologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University238 Jiefang RoadWuhanHubei430060China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Hongjie Yang
- Department of CardiologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University238 Jiefang RoadWuhanHubei430060China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Hui Fu
- Department of CardiologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University238 Jiefang RoadWuhanHubei430060China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - He Huang
- Department of CardiologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University238 Jiefang RoadWuhanHubei430060China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
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Nassal D, Gratz D, Hund TJ. Challenges and Opportunities for Therapeutic Targeting of Calmodulin Kinase II in Heart. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:35. [PMID: 32116711 PMCID: PMC7012788 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure remains a major health burden around the world. Despite great progress in delineation of molecular mechanisms underlying development of disease, standard therapy has not advanced at the same pace. The multifunctional signaling molecule Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) has received considerable attention over recent years for its central role in maladaptive remodeling and arrhythmias in the setting of chronic disease. However, these basic science discoveries have yet to translate into new therapies for human patients. This review addresses both the promise and barriers to developing translational therapies that target CaMKII signaling to abrogate pathologic remodeling in the setting of chronic disease. Efforts in small molecule design are discussed, as well as alternative targeting approaches that exploit novel avenues for compound delivery and/or genetic approaches to affect cardiac CaMKII signaling. These alternative strategies provide hope for overcoming some of the challenges that have limited the development of new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drew Nassal
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Daniel Gratz
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Thomas J Hund
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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7
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Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction underlines a multitude of pathologies; however, studies are scarce that rescue the mitochondria for cellular resuscitation. Exploration into the protective role of mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) and its mitochondrial functions respective to cardiomyocyte death are in need of further investigation. TFAM is a gene regulator that acts to mitigate calcium mishandling and ROS production by wrapping around mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) complexes. TFAM's regulatory functions over serca2a, NFAT, and Lon protease contribute to cardiomyocyte stability. Calcium- and ROS-dependent proteases, calpains, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are abundantly found upregulated in the failing heart. TFAM's regulatory role over ROS production and calcium mishandling leads to further investigation into the cardioprotective role of exogenous TFAM. In an effort to restabilize physiological and contractile activity of cardiomyocytes in HF models, we propose that TFAM-packed exosomes (TFAM-PE) will act therapeutically by mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction. Notably, this is the first mention of exosomal delivery of transcription factors in the literature. Here we elucidate the role of TFAM in mitochondrial rescue and focus on its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- George H Kunkel
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Health Sciences Centre, 1216, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 500, South Preston Street, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Pankaj Chaturvedi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Health Sciences Centre, 1216, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 500, South Preston Street, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Health Sciences Centre, 1216, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 500, South Preston Street, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
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Jiang Q, Gao Y, Wang C, Tao R, Wu Y, Zhan K, Liao M, Lu N, Lu Y, Wilcox CS, Luo J, Jiang LH, Yang W, Han F. Nitration of TRPM2 as a Molecular Switch Induces Autophagy During Brain Pericyte Injury. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 27:1297-1316. [PMID: 28292196 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Dysfunction of neurovascular pericytes underlies breakdown of the blood-brain barrier, but the molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. In this study, we evaluated the role of the transient receptor potential melastatin-related 2 (TRPM2) channel and autophagy during brain pericyte injury both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS A rapid induction in autophagy in human brain vascular pericytes, in the zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NP)-induced cell stress model, was paralleled with an increase in the expression of the TRPM2-S truncated isoform, which was abolished by treatment with a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor and a peroxynitrite scavenger. Furthermore, Y1485 in the C-terminus of the TRPM2 protein was identified as the tyrosine nitration substrate by mass spectrometry. Overexpression of the Y1485S TRPM2 mutant reduced LC3-II accumulation and pericyte injury induced by ZnO-NP. Consistently, LC3-II accumulation was reduced and pericytes were better preserved in intact brain microvessels of the TRPM2 knockout mice after ZnO-NP-induced vascular injury. Innovation and Conclusions: Our present study has revealed a novel mechanism of autophagy disturbance secondary to nitrosative stress-induced tyrosine nitration of TRPM2 during pericyte injury. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 27, 1297-1316.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Jiang
- 1 Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yinping Gao
- 1 Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China .,2 School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College , Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chengkun Wang
- 1 Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rongrong Tao
- 1 Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Wu
- 3 Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kaiyu Zhan
- 3 Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meihua Liao
- 1 Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nannan Lu
- 1 Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingmei Lu
- 2 School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College , Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Christopher S Wilcox
- 4 Hypertension, Kidney, and Vascular Research Center, Georgetown University Medical Center , Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Jianhong Luo
- 3 Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin-Hua Jiang
- 5 Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds , Leeds, United Kingdom .,6 Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury, and Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Xinxiang Medical University , Henan, China
| | - Wei Yang
- 3 Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng Han
- 1 Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Yang X, Chen Y, Li Y, Ren X, Xing Y, Shang H. Effects of Wenxin Keli on Cardiac Hypertrophy and Arrhythmia via Regulation of the Calcium/Calmodulin Dependent Kinase II Signaling Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:1569235. [PMID: 28573136 PMCID: PMC5440795 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1569235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of Wenxin Keli (WXKL) on the Calcium/Calmodulin dependent kinase II (CaMK II) signal transduction pathway with transverse aortic constriction (TAC) rats. Echocardiographic measurements were obtained 3 and 9 weeks after the surgery. Meanwhile, the action potentials (APDs) were recorded using the whole-cell patch clamp technique, and western blotting was used to assess components of the CaMK II signal transduction pathway. At both 3 and 9 weeks after treatment, the fractional shortening (FS%) increased in the WXKL group compared with the TAC group. The APD90 of the TAC group was longer than that of the Sham group and was markedly shortened by WXKL treatment. Western blotting results showed that the protein expressions of CaMK II, phospholamban (PLB), and ryanodine receptor 2 (RYR2) were not statistically significant among the different groups at both treatment time points. However, WXKL treatment decreased the protein level and phosphorylation of CaMK II (Thr-286) and increased the protein level and phosphorylation of PLB (Thr-17) and the phosphorylation of RYR2 (Ser-2814). WXKL also decreased the accumulation of type III collagen fibers. In conclusion, WXKL may improve cardiac function and inhibit the arrhythmia by regulating the CaMK II signal transduction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yu Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
- Fujian Health College, Fuzhou 350101, China
| | - Yanda Li
- The Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xiaomeng Ren
- The Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yanwei Xing
- The Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Hongcai Shang
- The Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
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10
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Ding L, Su XX, Zhang WH, Xu YX, Pan XF. Gene Expressions Underlying Mishandled Calcium Clearance and Elevated Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species in the Coronary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells of Chronic Heart Failure Rats. Chin Med J (Engl) 2017; 130:460-469. [PMID: 28218221 PMCID: PMC5324384 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.199825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The calcium clearance and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generations in the coronary artery smooth muscle cells in chronic heart failure (HF) have not been fully investigated. Therefore, we attempted to understand the gene expressions underlying the mishandling of calcium clearance and the accumulations of ROS. METHODS We initially established an animal model of chronic HF by making the left anterior descending coronary artery ligation (CAL) in rats, and then isolated the coronary artery vascular smooth muscle cells from the ischemic and the nonischemic parts of the coronary artery vessels in 12 weeks after CAL operation. The intracellular calcium concentration and ROS level were measured using flow cytometry, and the gene expressions of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a), encoding sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 2a, encoding sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX), and p47phox encoding a subunit of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase were examined using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. RESULTS We found that the calcium accumulation and ROS generation in the coronary artery smooth muscle cells isolated from either the ischemic or the nonischemic part of the CAL coronary artery vessel were significantly increased irrespective of blood supply (all P < 0.01). Moreover, these were accompanied by the increased expressions of NCX and p47phox, the decreased expression of SERCA2a, and the increased amount of phosphorylated forms of p47phox in NADPH oxidase (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that the disordered calcium clearance and the increased ROS generation occurred in the coronary artery smooth muscle cells in rats with chronic HF produced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (CAL), and which was found to be disassociated from blood supply, and the increased generation of ROS in the cells was found to make concomitancy to the increased activity of NADPH oxidase in cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Xian-Xiu Su
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Wen-Hui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Xue-Feng Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
- Department of Biological Science, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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11
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Inhibition of cardiac CaMKII to cure heart failure: step by step towards translation? Basic Res Cardiol 2016; 111:66. [PMID: 27683175 PMCID: PMC5040741 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-016-0582-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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12
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Takanari H, Bourgonje VJA, Fontes MSC, Raaijmakers AJA, Driessen H, Jansen JA, van der Nagel R, Kok B, van Stuijvenberg L, Boulaksil M, Takemoto Y, Yamazaki M, Tsuji Y, Honjo H, Kamiya K, Kodama I, Anderson ME, van der Heyden MAG, van Rijen HVM, van Veen TAB, Vos MA. Calmodulin/CaMKII inhibition improves intercellular communication and impulse propagation in the heart and is antiarrhythmic under conditions when fibrosis is absent. Cardiovasc Res 2016; 111:410-21. [PMID: 27357638 PMCID: PMC4996261 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM In healthy hearts, ventricular gap junctions are mainly composed by connexin43 (Cx43) and localize in the intercalated disc, enabling appropriate electrical coupling. In diseased hearts, Cx43 is heterogeneously down-regulated, whereas activity of calmodulin/calcium-calmodulin protein kinase II (CaM/CaMKII) signalling increases. It is unclear if CaM/CaMKII affects Cx43 expression/localization or impulse propagation. We analysed different models to assess this. METHODS AND RESULTS AC3-I mice with CaMKII genetically inhibited were subjected to pressure overload (16 weeks, TAC vs. sham). Optical and epicardial mapping was performed on Langendorff-perfused rabbit and AC3-I hearts, respectively. Cx43 subcellular distribution from rabbit/mouse ventricles was evaluated by immunoblot after Triton X-100-based fractionation. In mice with constitutively reduced CaMKII activity (AC3-I), conduction velocity (CV) was augmented (n = 11, P < 0.01 vs. WT); in AC3-I, CV was preserved after TAC, in contrast to a reduction seen in TAC-WT mice (-20%). Cx43 expression was preserved after TAC in AC3-I mice, though arrhythmias and fibrosis were still present. In rabbits, W7 (CaM inhibitor, 10 µM) increased CV (6-13%, n= 6, P< 0.05), while susceptibility to arrhythmias decreased. Immunoconfocal microscopy revealed enlarged Cx43 cluster sizes at intercalated discs of those hearts. Total Cx43 did not change by W7 (n= 4), whereas Triton X-100 insoluble Cx43 increased (+21%, n= 4, P< 0.01). Similar findings were obtained in AC3-I mouse hearts when compared with control, and in cultured dog cardiomyocytes. Functional implication was shown through increased intercellular coupling in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSION Both acute and chronic CaM/CaMKII inhibition improves conduction characteristics and enhances localization of Cx43 in the intercalated disc. In the absence of fibrosis, this reduced the susceptibility for arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Takanari
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands Department of Cardiovascular Research, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan Department of Pathophysiology, Oita University School of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
| | - Vincent J A Bourgonje
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Magda S C Fontes
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Antonia J A Raaijmakers
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Helen Driessen
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - John A Jansen
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roel van der Nagel
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Kok
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Leonie van Stuijvenberg
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mohamed Boulaksil
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yoshio Takemoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Yamazaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukiomi Tsuji
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Haruo Honjo
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kaichiro Kamiya
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Mark E Anderson
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA, USA
| | - Marcel A G van der Heyden
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Harold V M van Rijen
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Toon A B van Veen
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marc A Vos
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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13
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Hafver TL, Hodne K, Wanichawan P, Aronsen JM, Dalhus B, Lunde PK, Lunde M, Martinsen M, Enger UH, Fuller W, Sjaastad I, Louch WE, Sejersted OM, Carlson CR. Protein Phosphatase 1c Associated with the Cardiac Sodium Calcium Exchanger 1 Regulates Its Activity by Dephosphorylating Serine 68-phosphorylated Phospholemman. J Biol Chem 2015; 291:4561-79. [PMID: 26668322 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.677898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The sodium (Na(+))-calcium (Ca(2+)) exchanger 1 (NCX1) is an important regulator of intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis. Serine 68-phosphorylated phospholemman (pSer-68-PLM) inhibits NCX1 activity. In the context of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (NKA) regulation, pSer-68-PLM is dephosphorylated by protein phosphatase 1 (PP1). PP1 also associates with NCX1; however, the molecular basis of this association is unknown. In this study, we aimed to analyze the mechanisms of PP1 targeting to the NCX1-pSer-68-PLM complex and hypothesized that a direct and functional NCX1-PP1 interaction is a prerequisite for pSer-68-PLM dephosphorylation. Using a variety of molecular techniques, we show that PP1 catalytic subunit (PP1c) co-localized, co-fractionated, and co-immunoprecipitated with NCX1 in rat cardiomyocytes, left ventricle lysates, and HEK293 cells. Bioinformatic analysis, immunoprecipitations, mutagenesis, pulldown experiments, and peptide arrays constrained PP1c anchoring to the K(I/V)FF motif in the first Ca(2+) binding domain (CBD) 1 in NCX1. This binding site is also partially in agreement with the extended PP1-binding motif K(V/I)FF-X5-8Φ1Φ2-X8-9-R. The cytosolic loop of NCX1, containing the K(I/V)FF motif, had no effect on PP1 activity in an in vitro assay. Dephosphorylation of pSer-68-PLM in HEK293 cells was not observed when NCX1 was absent, when the K(I/V)FF motif was mutated, or when the PLM- and PP1c-binding sites were separated (mimicking calpain cleavage of NCX1). Co-expression of PLM and NCX1 inhibited NCX1 current (both modes). Moreover, co-expression of PLM with NCX1(F407P) (mutated K(I/V)FF motif) resulted in the current being completely abolished. In conclusion, NCX1 is a substrate-specifying PP1c regulator protein, indirectly regulating NCX1 activity through pSer-68-PLM dephosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tandekile Lubelwana Hafver
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetil Hodne
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway, the Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), 0454 Oslo, Norway
| | - Pimthanya Wanichawan
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Magnus Aronsen
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway, the Bjørknes College, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Dalhus
- the Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway, the Department of Medical Biochemistry, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0424 Oslo, Norway and
| | - Per Kristian Lunde
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Marianne Lunde
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Marita Martinsen
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ulla Helene Enger
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - William Fuller
- the Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom DD1 9SY
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - William Edward Louch
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole Mathias Sejersted
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Cathrine Rein Carlson
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway, the KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway,
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Kim JO, Song DW, Kwon EJ, Hong SE, Song HK, Min CK, Kim DH. miR-185 plays an anti-hypertrophic role in the heart via multiple targets in the calcium-signaling pathways. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122509. [PMID: 25767890 PMCID: PMC4358957 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) is an endogenous non-coding RNA species that either inhibits RNA translation or promotes degradation of target mRNAs. miRNAs often regulate cellular signaling by targeting multiple genes within the pathways. In the present study, using Gene Set Analysis, a useful bioinformatics tool to identify miRNAs with multiple target genes in the same pathways, we identified miR-185 as a key candidate regulator of cardiac hypertrophy. Using a mouse model, we found that miR-185 was significantly down-regulated in myocardial cells during cardiac hypertrophy induced by transverse aortic constriction. To confirm that miR-185 is an anti-hypertrophic miRNA, genetic manipulation studies such as overexpression and knock-down of miR-185 in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes were conducted. The results showed that up-regulation of miR-185 led to anti-hypertrophic effects, while down-regulation led to pro-hypertrophic effects, suggesting that miR-185 has an anti-hypertrophic role in the heart. Our study further identified Camk2d, Ncx1, and Nfatc3 as direct targets of miR-185. The activity of Nuclear Factor of Activated T-cell (NFAT) and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II delta (CaMKIIδ) was negatively regulated by miR-185 as assessed by NFAT-luciferase activity and western blotting. The expression of phospho-phospholamban (Thr-17), a marker of CaMKIIδ activity, was also significantly reduced by miR-185. In conclusion, miR-185 effectively blocked cardiac hypertrophy signaling through multiple targets, rendering it a potential drug target for diseases such as heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ock Kim
- School of Life Sciences and Systems Biology Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea
| | - Dong Woo Song
- School of Life Sciences and Systems Biology Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Kwon
- School of Life Sciences and Systems Biology Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea
| | - Seong-Eui Hong
- School of Life Sciences and Systems Biology Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hong Ki Song
- School of Life Sciences and Systems Biology Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea
| | - Choon Kee Min
- School of Life Sciences and Systems Biology Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea
| | - Do Han Kim
- School of Life Sciences and Systems Biology Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea
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15
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Mattiazzi A, Bassani RA, Escobar AL, Palomeque J, Valverde CA, Vila Petroff M, Bers DM. Chasing cardiac physiology and pathology down the CaMKII cascade. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 308:H1177-91. [PMID: 25747749 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00007.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Calcium dynamics is central in cardiac physiology, as the key event leading to the excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) and relaxation processes. The primary function of Ca(2+) in the heart is the control of mechanical activity developed by the myofibril contractile apparatus. This key role of Ca(2+) signaling explains the subtle and critical control of important events of ECC and relaxation, such as Ca(2+) influx and SR Ca(2+) release and uptake. The multifunctional Ca(2+)-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a signaling molecule that regulates a diverse array of proteins involved not only in ECC and relaxation but also in cell death, transcriptional activation of hypertrophy, inflammation, and arrhythmias. CaMKII activity is triggered by an increase in intracellular Ca(2+) levels. This activity can be sustained, creating molecular memory after the decline in Ca(2+) concentration, by autophosphorylation of the enzyme, as well as by oxidation, glycosylation, and nitrosylation at different sites of the regulatory domain of the kinase. CaMKII activity is enhanced in several cardiac diseases, altering the signaling pathways by which CaMKII regulates the different fundamental proteins involved in functional and transcriptional cardiac processes. Dysregulation of these pathways constitutes a central mechanism of various cardiac disease phenomena, like apoptosis and necrosis during ischemia/reperfusion injury, digitalis exposure, post-acidosis and heart failure arrhythmias, or cardiac hypertrophy. Here we summarize significant aspects of the molecular physiology of CaMKII and provide a conceptual framework for understanding the role of the CaMKII cascade on Ca(2+) regulation and dysregulation in cardiac health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Mattiazzi
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, The National Scientific and Technical Research Council-La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina;
| | - Rosana A Bassani
- Centro de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ariel L Escobar
- Biological Engineering and Small Scale Technologies, School of Engineering, University of California, Merced, California; and
| | - Julieta Palomeque
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, The National Scientific and Technical Research Council-La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Carlos A Valverde
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, The National Scientific and Technical Research Council-La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Martín Vila Petroff
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, The National Scientific and Technical Research Council-La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Donald M Bers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, California
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16
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Locatelli J, de Assis LVM, Isoldi MC. Calcium handling proteins: structure, function, and modulation by exercise. Heart Fail Rev 2014; 19:207-25. [PMID: 23436107 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-013-9373-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure is a serious public health issue with a growing prevalence, and it is related with the aging of the population. Hypertension is identified as the main precursor of left ventricular hypertrophy and therefore can lead to diastolic dysfunction and heart failure. Scientific studies have confirmed the beneficial effects of the physical exercise by reducing the blood pressure and improving the functional status of the heart in hypertension. Several proteins are involved in the mobilization of calcium during the coupling excitation-contraction process in the heart among those are sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase, phospholamban, calsequestrin, sodium-calcium exchanger, L-type calcium's channel, and ryanodine receptors. Our goal is to address the beneficial effects of exercise on the calcium handling proteins in a heart with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamille Locatelli
- Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Prêto, Brazil
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17
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Lkhagva B, Chang SL, Chen YC, Kao YH, Lin YK, Chiu CTH, Chen SA, Chen YJ. Histone deacetylase inhibition reduces pulmonary vein arrhythmogenesis through calcium regulation. Int J Cardiol 2014; 177:982-9. [PMID: 25449511 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.09.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Revised: 09/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary veins (PVs) play a critical role in the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation (AF). Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are vital to calcium homeostasis and AF genesis. However, the electrophysiological effects of HDAC inhibition were unclear. This study evaluated whether HDAC inhibition can regulate PV electrical activity through calcium modulation. Whole-cell patch-clamp, confocal microscopic with fluorescence, and Western blot were used to evaluate electrophysiological characteristics and Ca(2+) dynamics in isolated rabbit PV cardiomyocytes with and without MPT0E014 (a pan HDAC inhibitor), MS-275 (HDAC1 and 3 inhibitor), and MC-1568 (HDAC4 and 6 inhibitor) for 5~8h. Atrial electrical activity and induced-AF (rapid atrial pacing and acetylcholine infusion) were measured in rabbits with and without MPT0E014 (10mg/kg treated for 5 hours) in vivo. MPT0E014 (1 μM)-treated PV cardiomyocytes (n=12) had slower beating rates (2.1 ± 0.2 vs. 2.8 ± 0.1 Hz, p < 0.05) than control PV cardiomyocytes. However, control (n=11) and MPT0E014 (1 μM)-treated (n = 12) SAN cardiomyocytes had similar beating rates (3.2 ± 0.2 vs. 2.9 ± 0.3 Hz). MS-275-treated PV cardiomyocytes (n = 12, 2.3 ± 0.2 Hz), but not MC-1568-treated PV cardiomyocytes (n=14, 3.1 ± 0.3 Hz) had slower beating rates than control PV cardiomocytes. MPT0E014-treated PV cardiomyocytes (n=14) had a lower frequency (2.4 ± 0.6 vs. 0.3 ± 0.1 spark/mm/s, p < 0.05) of Ca(2+) sparks than control PV (n=17) cardiomyocytes. As compared to control, MPT0E014-treated PV cardiomyocytes had reduced Ca(2+) transient amplitudes, sodium-calcium exchanger currents, and ryanodine receptor expressions. Moreover, MPT0E014-treated rabbits had less AF and shorter AF duration than control rabbits. In conclusions, HDAC inhibition reduced PV arrhythmogenesis and AF inducibility with modulation on calcium homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baigalmaa Lkhagva
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Lin Chang
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chang Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsun Kao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Kuo Lin
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Shih-Ann Chen
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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18
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Vincent KP, McCulloch AD, Edwards AG. Toward a hierarchy of mechanisms in CaMKII-mediated arrhythmia. Front Pharmacol 2014; 5:110. [PMID: 24994983 PMCID: PMC4062880 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2014.00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) activity has been shown to contribute to arrhythmogenesis in a remarkably broad range of cardiac pathologies. Several of these involve significant structural and electrophysiologic remodeling, whereas others are due to specific channelopathies, and are not typically associated with arrhythmogenic changes to protein expression or cellular and tissue structure. The ability of CaMKII to contribute to arrhythmia across such a broad range of phenotypes suggests one of two interpretations regarding the role of CaMKII in cardiac arrhythmia: (1) some CaMKII-dependent mechanism is a common driver of arrhythmia irrespective of the specific etiology of the disease, or (2) these different etiologies expose different mechanisms by which CaMKII is capable of promoting arrhythmia. In this review, we dissect the available mechanistic evidence to explore these two possibilities and discuss how the various molecular actions of CaMKII promote arrhythmia in different pathophysiologic contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin P Vincent
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andrew D McCulloch
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego La Jolla, CA, USA ; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andrew G Edwards
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego La Jolla, CA, USA ; Institute for Experimental Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål Oslo, Norway ; Simula Research Laboratory Lysaker, Norway
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19
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Rodriguez JS, Velez Rueda JO, Salas M, Becerra R, Di Carlo MN, Said M, Vittone L, Rinaldi G, Portiansky EL, Mundiña-Weilenmann C, Palomeque J, Mattiazzi A. Increased Na⁺/Ca²⁺ exchanger expression/activity constitutes a point of inflection in the progression to heart failure of hypertensive rats. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96400. [PMID: 24781001 PMCID: PMC4004550 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) constitutes a genetic model widely used to study the natural evolution of hypertensive heart disease. Ca²⁺-handling alterations are known to occur in SHR. However, the putative modifications of Ca²⁺-handling proteins during the progression to heart failure (HF) are not well established. Moreover, the role of apoptosis in SHR is controversial. We investigated intracellular Ca²⁺, Ca²⁺-handling proteins and apoptosis in SHR vs. control Wistar rats (W) from 3 to 15 months (mo). Changes associated with the transition to HF (i.e. lung edema and decrease in midwall fractional shortening), occurred at 15 mo in 38% of SHR (SHRF). In SHRF, twitch and caffeine-induced Ca²⁺ transients, significantly decreased relative to 6/9 mo and 15 mo without HF signs. This decrease occurred in association with a decrease in the time constant of caffeine-Ca²⁺ transient decay and an increase in Na⁺/Ca²⁺ exchanger (NCX) abundance (p<0.05) with no changes in SERCA2a expression/activity. An increased Ca²⁺-calmodulin-kinase II activity, associated with an enhancement of apoptosis (TUNEL and Bax/Bcl2) was observed in SHR relative to W from 3 to 15 mo. CONCLUSIONS 1. Apoptosis is an early and persistent event that may contribute to hypertrophic remodeling but would not participate in the contractile impairment of SHRF. 2. The increase in NCX expression/activity, associated with an increase in Ca²⁺ efflux from the cell, constitutes a primary alteration of Ca²⁺-handling proteins in the evolution to HF. 3. No changes in SERCA2a expression/activity are observed when HF signs become evident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesica S. Rodriguez
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CONICET-La Plata, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - J. Omar Velez Rueda
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CONICET-La Plata, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Margarita Salas
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CONICET-La Plata, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Romina Becerra
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CONICET-La Plata, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Mariano N. Di Carlo
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CONICET-La Plata, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Matilde Said
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CONICET-La Plata, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Leticia Vittone
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CONICET-La Plata, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Rinaldi
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CONICET-La Plata, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Enrique L. Portiansky
- Laboratorio de Análisis de Imágenes, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Mundiña-Weilenmann
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CONICET-La Plata, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
- * E-mail: (CM-W); (JP)
| | - Julieta Palomeque
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CONICET-La Plata, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
- * E-mail: (CM-W); (JP)
| | - Alicia Mattiazzi
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CONICET-La Plata, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
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Gray CBB, Heller Brown J. CaMKIIdelta subtypes: localization and function. Front Pharmacol 2014; 5:15. [PMID: 24575042 PMCID: PMC3920101 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2014.00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review we discuss the localization and function of the known subtypes of calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase IIδ (CaMKIIδ) and their role in cardiac physiology and pathophysiology. The CaMKII holoenzyme is comprised of multiple subunits that are encoded by four different genes called CaMKIIα, β, γ, and δ. While these four genes have a high degree of sequence homology, they are expressed in different tissues. CaMKIIα and β are expressed in neuronal tissue while γ and δ are present throughout the body, including in the heart. Both CaMKIIγ and δ are alternatively spliced in the heart to generate multiple subtypes. CaMKIIδ is the predominant cardiac isoform and is alternatively spliced in the heart to generate the CaMKIIδB subtype or the slightly less abundant δC subtype. The CaMKIIδB mRNA sequence contains a 33bp insert not present in δC that codes for an 11-amino acid nuclear localization sequence. This review focuses on the localization and function of the CaMKIIδ subtypes δB and δC and the role of these subtypes in arrhythmias, contractile dysfunction, gene transcription, and the regulation of Ca2+ handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles B B Gray
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at San Diego, San Diego CA, USA ; Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California at SanDiego, SanDiego CA, USA
| | - Joan Heller Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at San Diego, San Diego CA, USA
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Effects of wenxin keli on the action potential and L-type calcium current in rats with transverse aortic constriction-induced heart failure. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:572078. [PMID: 24319478 PMCID: PMC3844239 DOI: 10.1155/2013/572078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Revised: 09/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective. We investigated the effects of WXKL on the action potential (AP) and the L-type calcium current (ICa-L) in normal and hypertrophied myocytes. Methods. Forty male rats were randomly divided into two groups: the control group and the transverse aortic constriction- (TAC-) induced heart failure group. Cardiac hypertrophy was induced by TAC surgery, whereas the control group underwent a sham operation. Eight weeks after surgery, single cardiac ventricular myocytes were isolated from the hearts of the rats. The APs and ICa-L were recorded using the whole-cell patch clamp technique. Results. The action potential duration (APD) of the TAC group was prolonged compared with the control group and was markedly shortened by WXKL treatment in a dose-dependent manner. The current densities of the ICa-L in the TAC group treated with 5 g/L WXKL were significantly decreased compared with the TAC group. We also determined the effect of WXKL on the gating mechanism of the ICa-L in the TAC group. We found that WXKL decreased the ICa-L by accelerating the inactivation of the channels and delaying the recovery time from inactivation. Conclusions. The results suggest that WXKL affects the AP and blocked the ICa-L, which ultimately resulted in the treatment of arrhythmias.
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Westenbrink BD, Edwards AG, McCulloch AD, Brown JH. The promise of CaMKII inhibition for heart disease: preventing heart failure and arrhythmias. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2013; 17:889-903. [PMID: 23789646 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2013.809064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) has emerged as a central mediator of cardiac stress responses which may serve several critical roles in the regulation of cardiac rhythm, cardiac contractility and growth. Sustained and excessive activation of CaMKII during cardiac disease has, however, been linked to arrhythmias, and maladaptive cardiac remodeling, eventually leading to heart failure (HF) and sudden cardiac death. AREAS COVERED In the current review, the authors describe the unique structural and biochemical properties of CaMKII and focus on its physiological effects in cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, they provide evidence for a role of CaMKII in cardiac pathologies, including arrhythmogenesis, myocardial ischemia and HF development. The authors conclude by discussing the potential for CaMKII as a target for inhibition in heart disease. EXPERT OPINION CaMKII provides a promising nodal point for intervention that may allow simultaneous prevention of HF progression and development of arrhythmias. For future studies and drug development there is a strong rationale for the development of more specific CaMKII inhibitors. In addition, an improved understanding of the differential roles of CaMKII subtypes is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Daan Westenbrink
- University of California, Department of Pharmacology, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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