1
|
Cariaco Y, Almeida MPO, Araujo ECB, Briceño MPP, Durán-Rodriguez AT, Franco RR, Espindola FS, Silva NM. Inhibition of Heme Oxygenase-1 by Zinc Protoporphyrin IX Improves Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Malaria During Early Gestation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:879158. [PMID: 35619717 PMCID: PMC9127164 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.879158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has cytoprotective effects by catalyzing the degradation of heme to produce carbon monoxide, iron and biliverdin. Furthermore, HO-1 activity has been associated with successful pregnancy. On the other hand, in the context of certain inflammatory conditions, HO-1 can induce iron overload and cell death. To investigate the role of HO-1 in gestational malaria, pregnant BALB/c mice were infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA in early, mid and late gestation. We found that malaria affected the pregnancy outcome in the three periods evaluated. However, only poor pregnancy outcomes in early pregnancy were related to HO-1 upregulation, iron overload, lipid peroxidation and necrosis of the decidua, which were prevented by HO-1 inhibition. In conclusion, HO-1 expression must be finely tuned in gestational malaria to avoid the deleterious effect of increased enzyme activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusmaris Cariaco
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Marcos Paulo Oliveira Almeida
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Ester Cristina Borges Araujo
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rodrigo Rodrigues Franco
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Foued Salmen Espindola
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Neide Maria Silva
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang Z, Tao X, Liu S, Zhao Y, Yang X. An Update Review on Listeria Infection in Pregnancy. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:1967-1978. [PMID: 34079306 PMCID: PMC8165209 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s313675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (LM) is an intracellular, aerobic and facultative anaerobic, Gram-positive bacterium, which is primarily transmitted to humans orally via food. LM could occur in asymptomatic pregnant women; however, fetal infection is a serious condition, entailing premature birth, abortion, sepsis, central nervous system (CNS) involvement, or even death. If a pregnant woman exhibits symptoms, the performance is almost like influenza, such as fever, headache, diarrhea, myalgia, or other digestive-related symptoms. This review collected clinical and empirical results regarding the mechanism, clinical manifestations, obstetrical outcome, diagnosis, treatment, vertical transmission, neonatal infection, and prevention of listeriosi according to articles published in PubMed from January 1, 1980, to March 20, 2021. The early detection and diagnosis of pregnancy-associated listeriosis are significant since sensitive antibiotics are effective at enhancing the prognosis of newborns. Listeriosis can be diagnosed using positive cultures from maternal or neonatal blood, neonatal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), amniotic fluid, intrauterine mucosa, or the placenta. Two weeks of high-dose intravenous amoxicillin (more than 6 g/day) is recommended for LM pregnant women without allergy. Terminating the pregnancy to save the mother’s life should be considered if maternal and fetal conditions aggravate. Neonatal Listeria infection is primarily transmitted through the placenta, which is a critical illness associated with a high mortality rate. The necessary dietary guidance for pregnant women can reduce the incidence rate of pregnancy-related listeriosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyun Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Tao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yutong Zhao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuhua Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Almeida MPO, Mota CM, Mineo TWP, Ferro EAV, Barbosa BF, Silva NM. Heme Oxygenase-1 Induction in Human BeWo Trophoblast Cells Decreases Toxoplasma gondii Proliferation in Association With the Upregulation of p38 MAPK Phosphorylation and IL-6 Production. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:659028. [PMID: 33912151 PMCID: PMC8071940 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.659028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) enzyme exerts beneficial effects at the maternal-fetal interface, especially in trophoblasts, being involved in survival and maturation of these cell phenotypes. Trophoblast cells play essential roles throughout pregnancy, being the gateway for pathogens vertically transmitted, such as Toxoplasma gondii. It was previously shown that HO-1 activity was involved in the control of T. gondii infection in vivo; however, its contribution in trophoblast cells during T. gondii infection, remain undefined. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the influence of HO-1 in T. gondii-infected BeWo and HTR-8/SVneo human trophoblast cells. For this purpose, trophoblast cells were infected and the HO-1 expression was evaluated. T. gondii-infected BeWo cells were treated with hemin or CoPPIX, as inducers of HO-1, or with bilirubin, an end-product of HO-1, and the parasitism was quantified. The involvement of p38 MAPK, a regulator of HO-1, and the cytokine production, were also evaluated. It was found that T. gondii decreased the HO-1 expression in BeWo but not in HTR-8/SVneo cells. When treated with the HO-1 inducers or bilirubin, BeWo cells reduced the parasite proliferation. T. gondii also decreased the p38 MAPK phosphorylation in BeWo cells; on the other hand, HO-1 induction sustained its activation. Finally, the IL-6 production was upregulated by HO-1 induction in T. gondii-infected cells, which was associated with the control of infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Paulo Oliveira Almeida
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Caroline Martins Mota
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology "Dr. Mário Endsfeldz Camargo," Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Tiago Wilson Patriarca Mineo
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology "Dr. Mário Endsfeldz Camargo," Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Eloisa Amália Vieira Ferro
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Bellisa Freitas Barbosa
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Neide Maria Silva
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Peoc'h K, Puy V, Fournier T. Haem oxygenases play a pivotal role in placental physiology and pathology. Hum Reprod Update 2020; 26:634-649. [PMID: 32347305 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmaa014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Haem oxygenases (HO) catabolise haem, which is the prosthetic group of numerous haemoproteins. Thus, multiple primary cellular pathways and functions rely on haem availability. HO exists in two isoforms, both expressed in the placenta, namely HO-1 and HO-2, the first being inducible. Haem oxygenases, particularly HO-1, have garnered specific interest in the field of physiological and pathological placental function. These enzymes mediate haem degradation by cleaving the alpha methene bridge to produce biliverdin, which is subsequently converted to bilirubin, carbon monoxide and iron. HO-1 has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. SEARCH METHODS An initial literature analysis was performed using PubMed on 3 October 2018 using key terms such as 'haem oxygenase and pregnancy', 'haem oxygenase and placenta', 'HO-1 and pregnancy', 'HO-1 and placenta', 'HO and placenta', 'HO and pregnancy', 'genetic variant and HO', 'CO and pregnancy', 'CO and placenta', 'Bilirubin and pregnancy', 'Iron and pregnancy' and 'PPAR and Haem', selecting consensus conferences, recommendations, meta-analyses, practical recommendations and reviews. A second literature analysis was performed, including notable miscarriages, foetal loss and diabetes mellitus, on 20 December 2019. The three authors studied the publications independently to decipher whether they should be included in the manuscript. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE This review aimed to summarise current pieces of knowledge of haem oxygenase location, function and regulation in the placenta, either in healthy pregnancies or those associated with miscarriages and foetal loss, pre-eclampsia, foetal growth restriction and diabetes mellitus. OUTCOMES HO-1 exerts some protective effects on the placentation, probably by a combination of factors, including its interrelation with the PGC-1α/PPAR pathway and the sFlt1/PlGF balance, and through its primary metabolites, notably carbon monoxide and bilirubin. Its protective role has been highlighted in numerous pregnancy conditions, including pre-eclampsia, foetal growth restriction, gestational diabetes mellitus and miscarriages. WIDER IMPLICATIONS HO-1 is a crucial enzyme in physiological and pathological placentation. This protective enzyme is currently considered a potential therapeutic target in various pregnancy diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katell Peoc'h
- Université de Paris, Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM U1149, UFR de Médecine Bichat, 75018 Paris, France
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, APHP Nord, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Puy
- Reproductive Biology Unit CECOS, Paris-Saclay University, Antoine Béclère Hospital, APHP, Clamart 92140, France
- Laboratoire de Développement des Gonades, UMRE008 Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Université de Paris, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Thierry Fournier
- Université de Paris, INSERM, UMR-S 1139, 3PHM, F-75006, Paris, France
- Fondation PremUp, F-75014, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Costa DL, Amaral EP, Andrade BB, Sher A. Modulation of Inflammation and Immune Responses by Heme Oxygenase-1: Implications for Infection with Intracellular Pathogens. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121205. [PMID: 33266044 PMCID: PMC7761188 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) catalyzes the degradation of heme molecules releasing equimolar amounts of biliverdin, iron and carbon monoxide. Its expression is induced in response to stress signals such as reactive oxygen species and inflammatory mediators with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive consequences for the host. Interestingly, several intracellular pathogens responsible for major human diseases have been shown to be powerful inducers of HO-1 expression in both host cells and in vivo. Studies have shown that this HO-1 response can be either host detrimental by impairing pathogen control or host beneficial by limiting infection induced inflammation and tissue pathology. These properties make HO-1 an attractive target for host-directed therapy (HDT) of the diseases in question, many of which have been difficult to control using conventional antibiotic approaches. Here we review the mechanisms by which HO-1 expression is induced and how the enzyme regulates inflammatory and immune responses during infection with a number of different intracellular bacterial and protozoan pathogens highlighting mechanistic commonalities and differences with the goal of identifying targets for disease intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego L. Costa
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-16-3315-3061
| | - Eduardo P. Amaral
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (E.P.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Bruno B. Andrade
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa;
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador 40296-710, Bahia, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador 40210-320, Bahia, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências (UniFTC), Salvador 41741-590, Bahia, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Laureate International Universities, Salvador 41770-235, Bahia, Brazil
- Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública (EBMSP), Salvador 40290-000, Bahia, Brazil
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Alan Sher
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (E.P.A.); (A.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ferone M, Gowen A, Fanning S, Scannell AGM. Microbial detection and identification methods: Bench top assays to omics approaches. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:3106-3129. [PMID: 33337061 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Rapid detection of foodborne pathogens, spoilage microbes, and other biological contaminants in complex food matrices is essential to maintain food quality and ensure consumer safety. Traditional methods involve culturing microbes using a range of nonselective and selective enrichment methods, followed by biochemical confirmation among others. The time-to-detection is a key limitation when testing foods, particularly those with short shelf lives, such as fresh meat, fish, dairy products, and vegetables. Some recent detection methods developed include the use of spectroscopic techniques, such as matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight along with hyperspectral imaging protocols.This review presents a comprehensive overview comparing insights into the principles, characteristics, and applications of newer and emerging techniques methods applied to the detection and identification of microbes in food matrices, to more traditional benchtop approaches. The content has been developed to provide specialist scientists a broad view of bacterial identification methods available in terms of their benefits and limitations, which may be useful in the development of future experimental design. The case is also made for incorporating some of these emerging methods into the mainstream, for example, underutilized potential of spectroscopic techniques and hyperspectral imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariateresa Ferone
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD Institute of Food and Health, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aoife Gowen
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD Institute of Food and Health, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Séamus Fanning
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD-Centre for Food Safety, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Amalia G M Scannell
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD Institute of Food and Health, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD-Centre for Food Safety, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gallardo V, González M, Toledo F, Sobrevia L. Role of heme oxygenase 1 and human chorionic gonadotropin in pregnancy associated diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165522. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
8
|
Ko SH, Jeon JI, Woo HA, Kim JM. Bacteroides fragilis enterotoxin upregulates heme oxygenase-1 in dendritic cells via reactive oxygen species-, mitogen-activated protein kinase-, and Nrf2-dependent pathway. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:291-306. [PMID: 31988590 PMCID: PMC6969884 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i3.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) causes colitis and diarrhea, and is considered a candidate pathogen in inflammatory bowel diseases as well as colorectal cancers. These diseases are dependent on ETBF-secreted toxin (BFT). Dendritic cells (DCs) play an important role in directing the nature of adaptive immune responses to bacterial infection and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is involved in the regulation of DC function.
AIM To investigate the role of BFT in HO-1 expression in DCs.
METHODS Murine DCs were generated from specific pathogen-free C57BL/6 and Nrf2−/− knockout mice. DCs were exposed to BFT, after which HO-1 expression and the related signaling factor activation were measured by quantitative RT-PCR, EMSA, fluorescent microscopy, immunoblot, and ELISA.
RESULTS HO-1 expression was upregulated in DCs stimulated with BFT. Although BFT activated transcription factors such as NF-κB, AP-1, and Nrf2, activation of NF-κB and AP-1 was not involved in the induction of HO-1 expression in BFT-exposed DCs. Instead, upregulation of HO-1 expression was dependent on Nrf2 activation in DCs. Moreover, HO-1 expression via Nrf2 in DCs was regulated by mitogen-activated protein kinases such as ERK and p38. Furthermore, BFT enhanced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibition of ROS production resulted in a significant decrease of phospho-ERK, phospho-p38, Nrf2, and HO-1 expression.
CONCLUSION These results suggest that signaling pathways involving ROS-mediated ERK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases-Nrf2 activation in DCs are required for HO-1 induction during exposure to ETBF-produced BFT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su Hyuk Ko
- Department of Microbiology and Department of Biomedical Science, Hanyang University College of Medicine and Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Jong Ik Jeon
- Department of Microbiology and Department of Biomedical Science, Hanyang University College of Medicine and Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Hyun Ae Woo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Jung Mogg Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Department of Biomedical Science, Hanyang University College of Medicine and Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Carasi P, Rodríguez E, da Costa V, Frigerio S, Brossard N, Noya V, Robello C, Anegón I, Freire T. Heme-Oxygenase-1 Expression Contributes to the Immunoregulation Induced by Fasciola hepatica and Promotes Infection. Front Immunol 2017; 8:883. [PMID: 28798750 PMCID: PMC5526848 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fasciola hepatica, also known as the liver fluke, is a trematode that infects livestock and humans causing fasciolosis, a zoonotic disease of increasing importance due to its worldwide distribution and high economic losses. This parasite immunoregulates the host immune system by inducing a strong Th2 and regulatory T immune response by immunomodulating dendritic cell (DC) maturation and alternative activation of macrophages. In this paper, we show that F. hepatica infection in mice induces the upregulation of heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1), the rate-limiting enzyme in the catabolism of free heme that regulates the host inflammatory response. We show and characterize two different populations of antigen presenting cells that express HO-1 during infection in the peritoneum of infected animals. Cells that expressed high levels of HO-1 expressed intermediate levels of F4/80 but high expression of CD11c, CD38, TGFβ, and IL-10 suggesting that they correspond to regulatory DCs. On the other hand, cells expressing intermediate levels of HO-1 expressed high levels of F4/80, CD68, Ly6C, and FIZZ-1, indicating that they might correspond to alternatively activated macrophages. Furthermore, the pharmacological induction of HO-1 with the synthetic metalloporphyrin CoPP promoted F. hepatica infection increasing the clinical signs associated with the disease. In contrast, treatment with the HO-1 inhibitor SnPP protected mice from parasite infection, indicating that HO-1 plays an essential role during F. hepatica infection. Finally, HO-1 expression during F. hepatica infection was associated with TGFβ and IL-10 levels in liver and peritoneum, suggesting that HO-1 controls the expression of these immunoregulatory cytokines during infection favoring parasite survival in the host. These results contribute to the elucidation of the immunoregulatory mechanisms induced by F. hepatica in the host and provide alternative checkpoints to control fasciolosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Carasi
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Universidad de República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ernesto Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Universidad de República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Valeria da Costa
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Universidad de República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Sofía Frigerio
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Universidad de República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Natalie Brossard
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Universidad de República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Verónica Noya
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Universidad de República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Carlos Robello
- Departamento de Bioquimica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Unidad de Biología Molecular, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ignacio Anegón
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Teresa Freire
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Universidad de República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tim-3 inhibits macrophage control of Listeria monocytogenes by inhibiting Nrf2. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42095. [PMID: 28205579 PMCID: PMC5311873 DOI: 10.1038/srep42095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (Tim-3) is an immune checkpoint inhibitor and its dysregulation has been related to T cell tolerance and many immune disorders, such as tumors and infection tolerance. However, the physiopathology roles of Tim-3 in innate immunity remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate that Tim-3 inhibits macrophage phagocytosis of L. monocytogenes by inhibiting the nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway and increases bacterial burden. Tim-3 signaling promotes Nrf2 degradation by increasing its ubiquitination and, as a result, decreasing its nuclear translocation. CD36 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), two downstream molecules in the Tim-3-Nrf2 signaling axis, are involved in the Tim-3- mediated immune evasion of L. monocytogenes both in vitro and in vivo. We here identified new mechanisms by which Tim-3 induces infection tolerance. By modulating the Tim-3 pathway, we demonstrate the feasibility of manipulating macrophage function as a potent tool for treating infectious diseases, such as Listeria infection.
Collapse
|
11
|
Němeček D, Dvořáková M, Sedmíková M. Heme oxygenase/carbon monoxide in the female reproductive system: an overlooked signalling pathway. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 8:1-12. [PMID: 28123837 PMCID: PMC5259583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
For a long time, carbon monoxide (CO) was known for its toxic effect on organisms. But there are still many things left to discover on that molecule. CO is formed directly in the body by the enzymatic activity of heme oxygenase (HO). CO plays an important role in many physiological processes, such as cell protections (against various stress factors), and the regulation of metabolic processes. Recent research proves that CO also operates in the female reproductive system. At the centre of interest is the importance of CO for gestation. During the gestation period, CO is an important element affecting the proper function of the feto-placental unit and generally affects fetal survivability rates. Gestation is one of the most important processes of successful reproduction, although there are more relevant processes that need to be researched. While already proven that CO influences steroidogenesis and the corpus luteum survivability rate, our knowledge concerning the function and importance of CO in the reproductive system is still relatively limited. As an example, our knowledge of CO function in an oocyte, the most important cell for reproduction, is almost non-existent. The aim of this review is to summarize our current knowledge concerning the function of CO in the female reproductive system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Němeček
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Dvořáková
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Sedmíková
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gahlot S, Nasreen N, Johnson JA, Sahn SA, Mohammed KA. Heme Oxygenase-1 Deficiency Diminishes Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clearance Due to Reduced TLR9 Expression in Pleural Mesothelial Cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169245. [PMID: 28052108 PMCID: PMC5215390 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) cause pneumonia and empyema thoraces. TLR9 activation provides protection against bacterial infections and Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is known to enhance host innate immunity against bacterial infections. However, it is still unclear whether HO-1 regulates TLR-9 expression in the pleura and modulates the host innate defenses during MRSA empyema. In order to determine if HO-1 regulates host innate immune functions via modulating TLR expression, in MRSA empyema, HO-1+/+ and HO-1-/- mouse pleural mesothelial cells (PMCs) were infected with MRSA (1:10, MOI) in the presence or absence of Cobalt Protoporphyrin (CoPP) and Zinc Protoporphyrin (ZnPP) or CORM-2 (a Carbon monoxide donor) and the expression of mTLR9 and mBD14 was assessed by RT-PCR. In vivo, HO-1+/+ and HO-1-/- mice were inoculated with MRSA (5x106 CFU) intra-pleurally and host bacterial load was measured by CFU, and TLR9 expression in the pleura was determined by histochemical-immunostaining. We noticed MRSA inducing differential expression of TLR9 in HO-1+/+ and HO-1 -/- PMCs. In MRSA infected HO-1+/+ PMCs, TLR1, TLR4, and TLR9 expression was several fold higher than MRSA infected HO-1-/- PMCs. Particularly TLR9 expression was very low in MRSA infected HO-1-/- PMCs both in vivo and in vitro. Bacterial clearance was significantly higher in HO-1+/+ PMCs than compared to HO-1-/- PMCs in vitro, and blocking TLR9 activation diminished MRSA clearance significantly. In addition, HO-1-/- mice were unable to clear the MRSA bacterial load in vivo. MRSA induced TLR9 and mBD14 expression was significantly high in HO-1+/+ PMCs and it was dependent on HO-1 activity. Our findings suggest that HO-1 by modulating TLR9 expression in PMCs promotes pleural innate immunity in MRSA empyema.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satindra Gahlot
- North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health System, Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Najmunnisa Nasreen
- North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health System, Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Judith A. Johnson
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Steven A. Sahn
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kamal A. Mohammed
- North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health System, Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Riquelme SA, Carreño LJ, Espinoza JA, Mackern-Oberti JP, Alvarez-Lobos MM, Riedel CA, Bueno SM, Kalergis AM. Modulation of antigen processing by haem-oxygenase 1. Implications on inflammation and tolerance. Immunology 2016; 149:1-12. [PMID: 26938875 PMCID: PMC4981612 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Haem-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an enzyme responsible for the degradation of haem that can suppress inflammation, through the production of carbon monoxide (CO). It has been shown in several experimental models that genetic and pharmacological induction of HO-1, as well as non-toxic administration of CO, can reduce inflammatory diseases, such as endotoxic shock, type 1 diabetes and graft rejection. Recently, it was shown that the HO-1/CO system can alter the function of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and reduce T-cell priming, which can be beneficial during immune-driven inflammatory diseases. The molecular mechanisms by which the HO-1 and CO reduce both APC- and T-cell-driven immunity are just beginning to be elucidated. In this article we discuss recent findings related to the immune regulatory capacity of HO-1 and CO at the level of recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns and T-cell priming by APCs. Finally, we propose a possible regulatory role for HO-1 and CO over the recently described mitochondria-dependent immunity. These concepts could contribute to the design of new therapeutic tools for inflammation-based diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián A Riquelme
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- INSERM, UMR 1064, CHU Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Leandro J Carreño
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Janyra A Espinoza
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Pablo Mackern-Oberti
- Institute of Medicine and Experimental Biology of Cuyo (IMBECU), Science and Technology Center (CCT) of Mendoza, National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
- Institute of Physiology, School of Medicine, National University of Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Manuel M Alvarez-Lobos
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia A Riedel
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Susan M Bueno
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- INSERM, UMR 1064, CHU Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Alexis M Kalergis
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- INSERM, UMR 1064, CHU Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Scharn CR, Collins AC, Nair VR, Stamm CE, Marciano DK, Graviss EA, Shiloh MU. Heme Oxygenase-1 Regulates Inflammation and Mycobacterial Survival in Human Macrophages during Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2016; 196:4641-9. [PMID: 27183573 PMCID: PMC4875857 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, is responsible for 1.5 million deaths annually. We previously showed that M. tuberculosis infection in mice induces expression of the CO-producing enzyme heme oxygenase (HO1) and that CO is sensed by M. tuberculosis to initiate a dormancy program. Further, mice deficient in HO1 succumb to M. tuberculosis infection more readily than do wild-type mice. Although mouse macrophages control intracellular M. tuberculosis infection through several mechanisms, such as NO synthase, the respiratory burst, acidification, and autophagy, how human macrophages control M. tuberculosis infection remains less well understood. In this article, we show that M. tuberculosis induces and colocalizes with HO1 in both mouse and human tuberculosis lesions in vivo, and that M. tuberculosis induces and colocalizes with HO1 during primary human macrophage infection in vitro. Surprisingly, we find that chemical inhibition of HO1 both reduces inflammatory cytokine production by human macrophages and restricts intracellular growth of mycobacteria. Thus, induction of HO1 by M. tuberculosis infection may be a mycobacterial virulence mechanism to enhance inflammation and bacterial growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caitlyn R Scharn
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Angela C Collins
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Vidhya R Nair
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Chelsea E Stamm
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Denise K Marciano
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Edward A Graviss
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030; and
| | - Michael U Shiloh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390; Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li W, Chang Y, Liang S, Zhong Z, Li X, Wen J, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Wang L, Lin H, Cao X, Huang H, Zhong F. NLRP3 inflammasome activation contributes to Listeria monocytogenes-induced animal pregnancy failure. BMC Vet Res 2016; 12:36. [PMID: 26911557 PMCID: PMC4765044 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-016-0655-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Listeria monocytogenes (LM), a foodborne pathogen, can cause pregnancy failure in animals, especially in ruminants. Recent studies have shown that LM activates inflammasomes to induce IL-1β release in macrophages, however, whether the inflammasome activation regulates LM-induced pregnancy failure remains largely unknown. Here we used mouse model to investigate the molecular mechanism by which LM-induced inflammsome activation contributes to LM-associated pregnancy failure Results We showed that wild-type, but not Listeriolysin O-deficient (Δhly) LM, significantly reduced mouse embryo survival, accompanied by the increase of IL-1β release and caspase-1 activation. IL-1β neutralization significantly reduced the LM-induced embryo losses, suggesting that LM-induced pregnancy failure was associated with LLO-induced inflammasome activation. To dissect the inflammasome sensor and components responsible for LM-induced caspase-1 activation and IL-1β production, we used wild-type and NLRP3−/−, AIM2−/−, NLRC4−/−, ASC−/−, caspase-1−/− and cathepsin B−/− mouse macrophages to test the roles of these molecules in LM-induce IL-1β production. We found that NLRP3 inflammasome was the main pathway in LM-induced caspase-1 activation and IL-1β production. To explore the mechanism of LM-induced pregnancy failure, we investigated the effects of LM-infected macrophages on SM9-1 mouse trophoblasts. We found that the conditioned medium from LM-infected-macrophage or the recombinant IL-1β significantly up-regulated TNFα, IL-6 and IL-8 productions in trophoblasts, suggesting that the LM-induced macrophage inflammasome activation increased trophoblast pro-inflammatory cytokine production, which was adverse to the animal pregnancy maintenance. Conclusions Our data demonstrated that the LLO-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation plays a key role in LM-induced pregnancy failure, and inflammasome-mediated macrophage dysregulation on trophoblasts might be involved in the pregnancy failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei; Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding, 071000, China. .,Department of Biology, School of Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, 071000, China.
| | - Yumei Chang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 252 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Baoding, 071000, China.
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Zhenyu Zhong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Xiujin Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China.
| | - Jiexia Wen
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei; Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding, 071000, China.
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei; Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding, 071000, China.
| | - Jianlou Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei; Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding, 071000, China.
| | - Liyue Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei; Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding, 071000, China.
| | - Hongyu Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei; Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding, 071000, China. .,Department of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China.
| | - Xuebin Cao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 252 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Baoding, 071000, China.
| | - Heling Huang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 252 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Baoding, 071000, China.
| | - Fei Zhong
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei; Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding, 071000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hashino M, Tachibana M, Nishida T, Hara H, Tsuchiya K, Mitsuyama M, Watanabe K, Shimizu T, Watarai M. Inactivation of the MAPK signaling pathway by Listeria monocytogenes infection promotes trophoblast giant cell death. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1145. [PMID: 26528279 PMCID: PMC4607873 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes has a well-characterized ability to cross the placental barrier, resulting in spontaneous abortion and fetal infections. However, the mechanisms resulting in infection-associated abortion are not fully understood. In this study, we demonstrate that the dephosphorylation of MAPK family proteins caused by L. monocytogenes infection of trophoblast giant (TG) cells, which are placental immune cells, contributes to infectious abortion. Dephosphorylation of c-Jun, p38, and ERK1/2 was observed in infected TG cells, causing the downregulation of cytoprotective heme oxygenase (HO)-1. Blocking the dephosphorylation of proteins, including MAPK family proteins, inhibited the decrease in HO-1 expression. Treatment with MAPK inhibitors inhibited bacterial internalization into TG cells. Moreover, Toll-like receptor 2 involved in the expression of MAPK family proteins. Infection with a listeriolysin O-deleted mutant impaired dephosphorylation of MAPK family proteins in TG cells and did not induce infectious abortion in a mouse model. These results suggest that inactivation of the MAPK pathway by L. monocytogenes induces TG cell death and causes infectious abortion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Hashino
- The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida Campus Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Masato Tachibana
- The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida Campus Yamaguchi, Japan ; Division of Biomedical Food Research, National Institute of Health Sciences Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishida
- The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida Campus Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Hideki Hara
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan ; Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kohsuke Tsuchiya
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan ; Division of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masao Mitsuyama
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan ; Graduate School of Advanced Integrated Studies in Human Survivability, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenta Watanabe
- The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida Campus Yamaguchi, Japan ; Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University at Yamaguchi Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Takashi Shimizu
- The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida Campus Yamaguchi, Japan ; Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University at Yamaguchi Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Masahisa Watarai
- The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida Campus Yamaguchi, Japan ; Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University at Yamaguchi Yamaguchi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ozen M, Zhao H, Lewis DB, Wong RJ, Stevenson DK. Heme oxygenase and the immune system in normal and pathological pregnancies. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:84. [PMID: 25964759 PMCID: PMC4408852 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal pregnancy is an immunotolerant state. Many factors, including environmental, socioeconomic, genetic, and immunologic changes by infection and/or other causes of inflammation, may contribute to inter-individual differences resulting in a normal or pathologic pregnancy. In particular, imbalances in the immune system can cause many pregnancy-related diseases, such as infertility, abortions, pre-eclampsia, and preterm labor, which result in maternal/fetal death, prematurity, or small-for-gestational age newborns. New findings imply that myeloid regulatory cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs) may mediate immunotolerance during normal pregnancy. Effector T cells (Teffs) have, in contrast, been implicated to cause adverse pregnancy outcomes. Furthermore, feto-maternal tolerance affects the developing fetus. It has been shown that the Treg/Teff balance affects litter size and adoptive transfer of pregnancy-induced Tregs can prevent fetal rejection in the mouse. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has a protective role in many conditions through its anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, antioxidative, and anti-proliferative actions. HO-1 is highly expressed in the placenta and plays a role in angiogenesis and placental vascular development and in regulating vascular tone in pregnancy. In addition, HO-1 is a major regulator of immune homeostasis by mediating crosstalk between innate and adaptive immune systems. Moreover, HO-1 can inhibit inflammation-induced phenotypic maturation of immune effector cells and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and promote anti-inflammatory cytokine production. HO-1 may also be associated with T-cell activation and can limit immune-based tissue injury by promoting Treg suppression of effector responses. Thus, HO-1 and its byproducts may protect against pregnancy complications by its immunomodulatory effects, and the regulation of HO-1 or its downstream effects has the potential to prevent or treat pregnancy complications and prematurity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maide Ozen
- Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hui Zhao
- Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA, USA
| | - David B Lewis
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ronald J Wong
- Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA, USA
| | - David K Stevenson
- Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Interferon γ-induced GTPase promotes invasion of Listeria monocytogenes into trophoblast giant cells. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8195. [PMID: 25645570 PMCID: PMC4314643 DOI: 10.1038/srep08195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is well known for having the ability to cross the placental barrier, leading to fetal infections and abortion. However, the mechanisms leading to infectious abortion are poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that interferon γ-induced GTPase (IGTP) contributes to the invasion of L. monocytogenes into trophoblast giant (TG) cells, which are placental immune cells. Knockdown of IGTP in TG cells decreased the relative efficiencies of L. monocytogenes invasion. Moreover, IGTP accumulated around infected L. monocytogenes in TG cells. Treatment of TG cells with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt inhibitors also reduced bacterial invasion. PI3K/Akt inhibitor or IGTP knockdown reduced the amount of phosphorylated Akt. Monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1) gangliosides, lipid raft markers, accumulated in the membrane of L. monocytogenes-containing vacuoles in TG cells. Furthermore, treatment with a lipid raft inhibitor reduced bacterial invasion. These results suggest that IGTP-induced activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway promotes bacterial invasion into TG cells.
Collapse
|
19
|
Zenclussen ML, Linzke N, Schumacher A, Fest S, Meyer N, Casalis PA, Zenclussen AC. Heme oxygenase-1 is critically involved in placentation, spiral artery remodeling, and blood pressure regulation during murine pregnancy. Front Pharmacol 2015; 5:291. [PMID: 25628565 PMCID: PMC4292788 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2014.00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The onset of pregnancy implies the appearance of a new organ, the placenta. One main function of the placenta is to supply oxygen to the fetus via hemoproteins. In this review, we highlight the importance of the enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) for pregnancy to be established and maintained. HO-1 expression is pivotal to promote placental function and fetal development, thus determining the success of pregnancy. The deletion of the gene Hmox1 in mice leads to inadequate remodeling of spiral arteries and suboptimal placentation followed by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and fetal lethality. A partial Hmox1 deletion leads to IUGR as well, with heterozygote and wild-type fetuses being born, but Hmox1 (-/-) significantly below the expected Mendelian rate. This strong phenotype is associated with diminished number of pregnancy-protective uterine natural killer (uNK) cells. Pregnant heterozygote females develop gestational hypertension. The protective HO-1 effects on placentation and fetal growth can be mimicked by the exogenous administration of carbon monoxide (CO), a product of heme catalyzed by HO-1. CO application promotes the in situ proliferation of uNK cells, restores placentation and fetal growth, while normalizing blood pressure. Similarly, HO-1 inhibition provokes hypertension in pregnant rats. The HO-1/CO axis plays a pivotal role in sustaining pregnancy and aids in the understanding of the biology of pregnancy and reveals a promising therapeutic application in the treatment of pregnancy complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria L Zenclussen
- Experimental Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Nadja Linzke
- Experimental Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Anne Schumacher
- Experimental Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Stefan Fest
- Experimental Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Nicole Meyer
- Experimental Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Pablo A Casalis
- Experimental Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Ana C Zenclussen
- Experimental Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Schumacher A, Zenclussen AC. Effects of heme oxygenase-1 on innate and adaptive immune responses promoting pregnancy success and allograft tolerance. Front Pharmacol 2015; 5:288. [PMID: 25610397 PMCID: PMC4285018 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2014.00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The heme-degrading enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has cytoprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Moreover, HO-1 is reportedly involved in suppressing destructive immune responses associated with inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and allograft rejection. During pregnancy, maternal tolerance to foreign fetal antigens is a prerequisite for successful embryo implantation and fetal development. Here, HO-1 has been implicated in counteracting the overwhelming inflammatory immune responses towards fetal allo-antigens, thereby contributing to fetal acceptance. Accordingly, HO-1 ablation negatively impacts the critical steps of pregnancy such as fertilization, implantation, placentation, and fetal growth. In the present review, we summarize recent data on the immune modulatory capacity of HO-1 towards allo-antigens expressed by the semi-allogeneic fetus and organ allografts. In this regard, HO-1 has been shown to promote alloantigen tolerance by blocking dendritic cell maturation resulting in reduced T cell responses and increased numbers of regulatory T cells. Moreover, HO-1 is suggested to shift the uterine cytokine milieu towards a protective Th2 profile and protects fetal tissue from apoptosis by upregulating anti-apoptotic molecules. Thus, HO-1 is not only a pivotal regulator of the initial steps of pregnancy; but also, an important player in supporting the maternal immune system in tolerating the fetus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Schumacher
- Department of Experimental Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ana C Zenclussen
- Department of Experimental Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
George EM, Warrington JP, Spradley FT, Palei AC, Granger JP. The heme oxygenases: important regulators of pregnancy and preeclampsia. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2014; 307:R769-77. [PMID: 24898840 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00132.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The heme oxygenase system has long been believed to act largely as a housekeeping unit, converting prooxidant free heme from heme protein degradation into the benign bilirubin for conjugation and safe excretion. In recent decades, however, heme oxygenases have emerged as important regulators of cardiovascular function, largely through the production of their biologically active metabolites: carbon monoxide, bilirubin, and elemental iron. Even more recently, a number of separate lines of evidence have demonstrated an important role for the heme oxygenases in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. Early preclinical and clinical studies have associated defects in the heme oxygenase with the obstetrical complication preeclampsia, as well as failure to establish adequate placental blood flow, an underlying mechanism of the disorder. Several recent preclinical studies have suggested, however, that the heme oxygenase system could serve as a valuable therapeutic tool for the management of preeclampsia, which currently has few pharmacological options. This review will summarize the role of heme oxygenases in pregnancy and highlight their potential in advancing the management of patients with preeclampsia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric M George
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi; and Department of Biochemistry, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Junie P Warrington
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi; and
| | - Frank T Spradley
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi; and
| | - Ana C Palei
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi; and
| | - Joey P Granger
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi; and
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Emerging evidence supports an important role for the heme oxygenase system in the maintenance of a healthy pregnancy. This review attempts to collect these wide-ranging data and summarize the recent progress in the field. RECENT FINDINGS New studies looking at heme oxygenase depletion in a variety of animal models have demonstrated that the heme oxygenase system is an important regulator of placental development, particularly in vascular structure. Furthermore, emerging studies demonstrate a role for heme oxygenase in the maintenance of pregnancy, especially during pathological challenge. Intriguingly, it now appears that the heme oxygenase system can be dramatically altered by pathological disorders of pregnancy, in particular preeclampsia, perhaps functionally in the symptomatic phase of the disorder. Promisingly, however, recent data suggest that induction of the heme oxygenase system, or administration of its bioactive metabolites, could provide a promising novel therapeutic approach to the management of this currently untreatable disease. SUMMARY Long considered a molecular housekeeping system, the heme oxygenase system is now known to be an important stress response pathway. New evidence suggests that it is also an important player in pregnancy and preeclampsia. However, the evidence now also suggests that it may provide a therapeutic approach for this common disease with few management options.
Collapse
|
23
|
Levytska K, Kingdom J, Baczyk D, Drewlo S. Heme oxygenase-1 in placental development and pathology. Placenta 2013; 34:291-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2013.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
24
|
Rydkina E, Turpin LC, Sahni A, Sahni SK. Regulation of inducible heme oxygenase and cyclooxygenase isozymes in a mouse model of spotted fever group rickettsiosis. Microb Pathog 2012; 53:28-36. [PMID: 22522044 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2012.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2011] [Revised: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) lining the blood vessels are the preferred primary targets of pathogenic Rickettsia species in the host. In response to oxidative stress triggered by infection, ECs launch defense mechanisms such as expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Previous evidence from an established animal model of Rocky Mountain spotted fever also suggests selective modulation of anti-oxidant enzyme activities in the target host tissues. In this study, we have examined the expression profiles of HO-1 and COX-2 in different tissues during Rickettsia conorii infection of susceptible C3H/HeN mice. RNA hybridization with murine HO-1 and COX-2-specific complementary DNA probes revealed increased HO-1 expression in the liver and brain of mice infected with three different doses of R. conorii ranging from 2.25×10(3) to 2.25×10(5) pfu, relatively non-remarkable changes in the lungs, and a trend for down-regulation in the spleen. The most prominent HO-1 response was evident in the liver with ∼4-fold increase on day 4 post-infection, followed by a decline on day 7. HO-1 expression in the brain, however, peaked with significantly higher levels on day 7. Following infection with both sub-lethal as well as lethal doses of infection, the transcript encoding COX-2 also displayed a pattern of increased expression in the liver and brain. Although immunohistochemical staining revealed increased abundance of HO-1 protein in the liver of infected mice, adjoining serial sections did not exhibit positive staining for COX-2 in infected tissues. The levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and keratinocyte-derived cytokine (KC) were significantly higher in the sera of infected mice and corresponded with the onset and severity of the disease. Treatment of infected animals with anti-oxidants α-lipoic acid and N-acetylcysteine and HO inhibitor stannous protoporphyrin (SnPPIX) showed only selective beneficial effects on HO-1 and COX-2 expression in the liver and spleen and serum levels of KC and MCP-1. R. conorii infection of susceptible mice, therefore, results in selective regulation of the expression of HO-1 and COX-2 in a manner dependent on the target host tissue's cellular environment and the propensity of infection with rickettsiae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Rydkina
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|