1
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Park JM, Han YM, Hwang SJ, Kim SJ, Hahm KB. Therapeutic effects of placenta derived-, umbilical cord derived-, and adipose tissue derived-mesenchymal stem cells in chronic Helicobacter pylori infection: comparison and novel mechanisms. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2021; 69:188-202. [PMID: 34616110 PMCID: PMC8482378 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.20-151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Supported with significant rejuvenating and regenerating actions of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in various gastrointestinal diseases including Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-associated gastric diseases, we have compared these actions among placenta derived-MSCs (PD-MSCs), umbilical cord derived-MSCs (UC-MSCs), and adipose tissue derived-MSCs (AD-MSCs) and explored contributing genes implicated in rejuvenation of H. pylori-chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and tumorigenesis. In this study adopting H. pylori-initiated, high salt diet-promoted gastric carcinogenesis model, we have administered three kinds of MSCs around 15-18 weeks in H. pylori infected C57BL/6 mice and sacrificed at 24 and 48 weeks, respectively, in order to either assess the rejuvenating capability or anti-tumorigenesis. At 24 weeks, MSCs all led to significantly mitigated atrophic gastritis, for which significant inductions of autophagy, preservation of tumor suppressive 15-PGDH, attenuated apoptosis, and efficient efferocytosis was imposed with MSCs administration during atrophic gastritis. At 48 weeks, MSCs administered during H. pylori-associated atrophic gastritis afforded significant blocking the progression of CAG, as evidenced with statistically significant reduction in H. pylori-associated gastric tumor (p<0.05) accompanied with significant decreases in IL-1β, COX-2, STAT3, and NF-κB. Combined together with the changes of stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1), thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), and IL-10 known as biomarkers reflecting stem cell activities at 48 weeks after H. pylori, PD-MSCs among MSCs afforded the best rejuvenating action against H. pylori-associated CAG via additional actions of efferocytosis, autophagy, and anti-apoptosis at 24 weeks. In conclusion, MSCs, especially PD-MSCs, exerted rejuvenating actions against H. pylori-associated CAG via anti-mutagenesis of IL-10, CD-36, ATG5 and cancer suppressive influences of STC-1, TSP-1, and 15-PGDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Min Park
- College of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon University, Daehak-ro 62, Dong-gu, Daejeon 34520, Korea
| | - Young Min Han
- Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, University-Industry Cooperate Building, 150 Bugahyeon-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03759, Korea
| | - Sun Jin Hwang
- Medpacto Research Institute, Medpacto, Myungdal-ro 92, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06668, Korea
| | - Seong Jin Kim
- Medpacto Research Institute, Medpacto, Myungdal-ro 92, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06668, Korea
| | - Ki Baik Hahm
- Medpacto Research Institute, Medpacto, Myungdal-ro 92, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06668, Korea.,CHA Cancer Preventive Research Center, CHA Bio Complex, CHA University, 330 Pangyo-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13497, Korea
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2
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Yakah W, Singh P, Brown J, Stoll B, Burrin D, Premkumar MH, Otu HH, Gu X, Dillon ST, Libermann TA, Freedman SD, Martin CR. Parenteral lipid emulsions induce unique ileal fatty acid and metabolomic profiles but do not increase the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm pigs. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 320:G227-G239. [PMID: 33236951 PMCID: PMC7948117 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00311.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a manifestation of maladaptive intestinal responses in preterm infants centrally medicated by unattenuated inflammation. Early in the postnatal period, preterm infants develop a deficit in arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acid, both potent regulators of inflammation. We hypothesized that the fatty acid composition of parenteral lipid emulsions uniquely induces blood and intestinal fatty acid profiles which, in turn, modifies the risk of NEC development. Forty-two preterm pigs were randomized to receive one of three lipid emulsions containing 100% soybean oil (SO), 15% fish oil (MO15), or 100% fish oil (FO100) with enteral feedings over an 8-day protocol. Blood and distal ileum tissue were collected for fatty acid analysis. The distal ileum underwent histologic, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses. Eight pigs [3/14 SO (21%), 3/14 MO15 (21%), and 2/14 FO100 (14%)] developed NEC. No differences in NEC risk were evident between groups despite differences in induced fatty acid profiles in blood and ileal tissue. Metabolomic analysis of NEC versus no NEC tissue revealed differences in tryptophan metabolism and arachidonic acid-containing glycerophospholipids. Proteomic analysis demonstrated no differences by lipid group; however, 15 proteins differentiated NEC versus no NEC in the domains of tissue injury, glucose uptake, and chemokine signaling. Exposure to parenteral lipid emulsions induces unique intestinal fatty acid and metabolomic profiles; however, these profiles are not linked to a difference in NEC development. Metabolomic and proteomic analyses of NEC versus no NEC intestinal tissue provide mechanistic insights into the pathogenesis of NEC in preterm infants.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Exposure to parenteral lipid emulsions induces unique intestinal fatty acid and metabolomic profiles; however, these profiles are not linked to a difference in NEC risk in preterm pigs. Metabolomic and proteomic analyses provide mechanistic insights into NEC pathogenesis. Compared with healthy ileal tissue, metabolites in tryptophan metabolism and arachidonic acid-containing glycerophospholipids are increased in NEC tissue. Proteomic analysis differentiates NEC versus no NEC in the domains of tissue injury, glucose uptake, and chemokine signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Yakah
- 1Department of Neonatology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Pratibha Singh
- 2Division of Gastroenterology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joanne Brown
- 2Division of Gastroenterology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Barbara Stoll
- 3United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Doug Burrin
- 3United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Muralidhar H. Premkumar
- 4Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Hasan H. Otu
- 5Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska
| | - Xuesong Gu
- 6Genomics, Proteomics, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Simon T. Dillon
- 6Genomics, Proteomics, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Towia A. Libermann
- 6Genomics, Proteomics, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Steven D. Freedman
- 2Division of Gastroenterology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,7Division of Translational Research Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Camilia R. Martin
- 1Department of Neonatology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,7Division of Translational Research Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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3
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Chao B, Zhang L, Pan J, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Xu M, Huang S. Stanniocalcin-1 Overexpression Prevents Depression-Like Behaviors Through Inhibition of the ROS/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:644383. [PMID: 34194345 PMCID: PMC8238083 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.644383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Depression is a burdensome psychiatric disorder presenting with disordered inflammation and neural plasticity. We conducted this study with an aim to explore the effect of stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) on inflammation and neuron injury in rats with depression-like behaviors. Methods: A model of depression-like behaviors was established in Wistar rats by stress stimulation. Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-packaged STC1 overexpression sequence or siRNA against STC1 was introduced into rats to enhance or silence the STC1 expression. Moreover, we measured pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory proteins, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. An in vitro model was induced in hippocampal neurons by CORT to explore the effect of STC1 on the neuron viability, toxicity and apoptosis. RT-qPCR and Western blot assay were employed to determine the expression of STC1 and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway-related genes. Results: STC1 was under-expressed in the hippocampus of rats with depression-like behaviors, while its overexpression could reduce the depression-like behaviors in the stress-stimulated rats. Furthermore, overexpression of STC1 resulted in enhanced neural plasticity, reduced release of pro-inflammatory proteins, elevated SOD and CAT and diminished MDA level in the hippocampus of rats with depression-like behaviors. Overexpressed STC1 blocked the ROS/NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby enhancing the viability of CORT-treated neurons while repressing their toxicity and apoptosis. Conclusion: Collectively, overexpression of STC1 inhibits inflammation and protects neuron injury in rats with depression-like behaviors by inactivating the ROS/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Chao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Juhua Pan
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxia Chen
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Manman Xu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shijing Huang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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4
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Leung CCT, Wong CKC. Characterization of stanniocalcin-1 expression in macrophage differentiation. Transl Oncol 2020; 14:100881. [PMID: 33074126 PMCID: PMC7568195 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) is a paracrine factor associated with inflammation and carcinogenesis. The role of STC1 in the pro- and anti-inflammatory functions of differentiating macrophage, however, is not clear. In this study, our data showed that phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) treatment induced human leukemia monocytic cells (ThP-1) differentiation to M0 macrophages. The differentiation was accompanied by a significant increase in the mRNA expression levels of STC1, the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFα, and anti-inflammatory markers, CD163 & CD206. An intermitted removal of PMA treatment reduced the mRNA levels of STC1 and TNFα but had no noticeable effects on the anti-inflammatory markers. The correlation in the expression of STC1 and pro-inflammatory markers in differentiating macrophages was investigated, using siRNASTC1-transfected PMA-induced cells. Consistently, the transcripts levels of TNFα and IL-6 were significantly reduced. Moreover, LPS/IFNγ-induced M1-polarization showed remarkably higher expression levels of STC1 than IL-4/IL-13-induced M2-macrophages and PMA-induced M0-macrophages. Transcriptomic analysis of siRNASTC1-transfected M1-polarized cells revealed an upregulation of TBC1 domain family member 3 (TBC1D3G). The gene regulates the payload of macrophage-released extracellular vesicles to mediate inflammation. The conditioned media from siRNASTC1-transfected M1-polarized cells were found to reduce Hep3B cell motility. The data suggest that the expression of STC1 were associated with macrophage differentiation, but preferentially to M1 polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherry C T Leung
- Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chris K C Wong
- Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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5
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Zhang Y, Shan P, Srivastava A, Li Z, Lee PJ. Endothelial Stanniocalcin 1 Maintains Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Prevents Oxidant-Induced Lung Injury via Toll-Like Receptor 4. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:1775-1796. [PMID: 30187766 PMCID: PMC6479262 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Oxidant-induced endothelial injury plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI) and subsequent respiratory failure. Our previous studies revealed an endogenous antioxidant and protective pathway in lung endothelium mediated by heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70)-toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling. However, the downstream effector mechanisms remained unclear. Stanniocalcin 1 (STC1) has been reported to mediate antioxidant responses in tissues such as the lungs. However, regulators of STC1 expression as well as its physiological function in the lungs were unknown. We sought to elucidate the relationship between TLR4 and STC1 in hyperoxia-induced lung injury in vitro and in vivo and to define the functional role of STC1 expression in lung endothelium. RESULTS We identified significantly decreased STC1 expression in TLR4 knockout mouse lungs and primary lung endothelium isolated from TLR4 knockout mice. Overexpression of STC1 was associated with endothelial cytoprotection, whereas decreased or insufficient expression was associated with increased oxidant-induced injury and death. An Hsp70-TLR4-nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB) signal mediates STC1 induction in the lungs and endothelial cells. We also demonstrated a previously unrecognized role for mitochondrial-associated STC1, via TLR4, in maintaining normal glycolysis, mitochondrial bioenergetics, and mitochondrial calcium levels. INNOVATION To date, a physiological role for STC1 in oxidant-induced ALI has not been identified. In addition, our studies show that STC1 is regulated by TLR4 and exerts lung and endothelial protection in response to sterile oxidant-induced lung injury. CONCLUSIONS Our studies reveal a novel TLR4-STC1-mediated mitochondrial pathway that has homeostatic as well as oxidant-induced cytoprotective functions in lung endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- 1 Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Peiying Shan
- 1 Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Anup Srivastava
- 1 Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,2 Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Zhenyu Li
- 1 Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,3 Intensive Care Unit, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Patty J Lee
- 1 Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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6
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Singkhorn S, Tantisira MH, Tanasawet S, Hutamekalin P, Wongtawatchai T, Sukketsiri W. Induction of keratinocyte migration by ECa 233 is mediated through FAK/Akt, ERK, and p38 MAPK signaling. Phytother Res 2018. [PMID: 29532532 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Centella asiatica is widely considered the most important medicinal plant for treating and relieving skin diseases. Recently developed standardized extract of Centella asiatica ECa 233 has demonstrated positive effects on wound healing of incision and burn wound in rats. However, knowledge associated with wound healing mechanism of ECa 233 was scare. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect and underlying molecular mechanisms of ECa 233 on the migration of a human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) using scratch wound healing assay. Formation of filopodia, a key protein in cell migration as well as signaling pathways possibly involved were subsequently assessed. It was found that HaCaT cell migration was significantly enhanced by ECa 233 in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The filopodia formations were accordingly increased in exposure to ECa 233 at concentrations of 0.1-100 μg/ml. Furthermore, ECa 233 was found to significantly upregulate the expression of Rac1 and RhoA and to induce phosphorylation of FAK and Akt as well as ERK and p38 MAPK. Taken all together, it is suggestive that ECa 233 induces cell migration and subsequently promotes wound healing activity, through the activation of FAK, Akt, and MAPK signaling pathways thereby supporting the role of ECa 233 to be further developed for the clinical treatment of wound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawana Singkhorn
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Mayuree H Tantisira
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Burapha University, Chon Buri Campus, Chon Buri, 20131, Thailand
| | - Supita Tanasawet
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Pilaiwanwadee Hutamekalin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Tulaporn Wongtawatchai
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Wanida Sukketsiri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
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7
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Leung CC, Wong CK. Effects of STC1 overexpression on tumorigenicity and metabolism of hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 9:6852-6861. [PMID: 29467934 PMCID: PMC5805520 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) is a paracrine factor associated with inflammation and carcinogenesis. Using clinicopathological data, we previously reported that a greater expression of STC1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was significantly correlated with smaller tumor size. The underlying mechanism on the correlation is not known. In this study, using a metastatic HCC cell-line (MHCC-97L, P) and lentiviral vector mediated-STC1 overexpression, the inoculation of STC1-overexpressing MHCC-97L (S1) cells in a nude mice xenograft model demonstrated reductions in tumor mass and volume. As compared with P cells, S1 cells exhibited epithelial phenotype with significantly lower plating efficiency and reduced migratory and proliferative potential. Using coulter counter for cell-sizing, S1 cells (17.6 μm) were significantly smaller than P cells (19.6 μm). Western blot analysis revealed that S1 cells exhibited reduced expression level of phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6 (p-rpS6). Moreover, an inhibition of the upstream kinase p70S6K was evident with the dephosphorylation of Thr389 in the linker domain of the kinase. The inhibition of p70S6K/p-rpS6 pathway was accompanied with reduced cellular ATP level and increase of p-AMPK in S1 cells. Significantly lower rates of glycolysis and extracellular O2 consumption in S1 cells exhibited a lower cellular energy status. Since a faster rate of ATP production is essential to support cancer growth and metastasis, the present study identified the effect of STC1-overexpression on reducing energy metabolism, leading to an activation of AMPK pathway but an inhibition of p70S6K/p-rpS6 signaling to reduce tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherry Ct Leung
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chris Kc Wong
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
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8
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Ge L, Habiel DM, Hansbro PM, Kim RY, Gharib SA, Edelman JD, Königshoff M, Parimon T, Brauer R, Huang Y, Allen J, Jiang D, Kurkciyan AA, Mizuno T, Stripp BR, Noble PW, Hogaboam CM, Chen P. miR-323a-3p regulates lung fibrosis by targeting multiple profibrotic pathways. JCI Insight 2016; 1:e90301. [PMID: 27942594 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.90301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Maladaptive epithelial repair from chronic injury is a common feature in fibrotic diseases, which in turn activates a pathogenic fibroblast response that produces excessive matrix deposition. Dysregulated microRNAs (miRs) can regulate expression of multiple genes and fundamentally alter cellular phenotypes during fibrosis. Although several miRs have been shown to be associated with lung fibrosis, the mechanisms by which miRs modulate epithelial behavior in lung fibrosis are lacking. Here, we identified miR-323a-3p to be downregulated in the epithelium of lungs with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) after lung transplantation, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and murine bleomycin-induced fibrosis. Antagomirs for miR-323a-3p augment, and mimics suppress, murine lung fibrosis after bleomycin injury, indicating that this miR may govern profibrotic signals. We demonstrate that miR-323a-3p attenuates TGF-α and TGF-β signaling by directly targeting key adaptors in these important fibrogenic pathways. Moreover, miR-323a-3p lowers caspase-3 expression, thereby limiting programmed cell death from inducers of apoptosis and ER stress. Finally, we find that epithelial expression of miR-323a-3p modulates inhibitory crosstalk with fibroblasts. These studies demonstrate that miR-323a-3p has a central role in lung fibrosis that spans across murine and human disease, and downregulated expression by the lung epithelium releases inhibition of various profibrotic pathways to promote fibroproliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyin Ge
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - David M Habiel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Phil M Hansbro
- Priority Research Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Richard Y Kim
- Priority Research Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Sina A Gharib
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jeffery D Edelman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Ludwig Maximilians University, University Hospital Grosshadern, and Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Tanyalak Parimon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rena Brauer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jenieke Allen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Dianhua Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Adrianne A Kurkciyan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Takako Mizuno
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Barry R Stripp
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Paul W Noble
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Cory M Hogaboam
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Peter Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
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9
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Yang Y, Song M, Liu Y, Liu H, Sun L, Peng Y, Liu F, Venkatachalam MA, Dong Z. Renoprotective approaches and strategies in acute kidney injury. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 163:58-73. [PMID: 27108948 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major renal disease associated with high mortality rate and increasing prevalence. Decades of research have suggested numerous chemical and biological agents with beneficial effects in AKI. In addition, cell therapy and molecular targeting have been explored for reducing kidney tissue damage and promoting kidney repair or recovery from AKI. Mechanistically, these approaches may mitigate oxidative stress, inflammation, cell death, and mitochondrial and other organellar damage, or activate cytoprotective mechanisms such as autophagy and pro-survival factors. However, none of these findings has been successfully translated into clinical treatment of AKI. In this review, we analyze these findings and propose experimental strategies for the identification of renoprotective agents or methods with clinical potential. Moreover, we propose the consideration of combination therapy by targeting multiple targets in AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Meifang Song
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Youming Peng
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fuyou Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | | | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA.
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10
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Ohkouchi S, Ono M, Kobayashi M, Hirano T, Tojo Y, Hisata S, Ichinose M, Irokawa T, Ogawa H, Kurosawa H. Myriad Functions of Stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) Cover Multiple Therapeutic Targets in the Complicated Pathogenesis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF). CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-CIRCULATORY RESPIRATORY AND PULMONARY MEDICINE 2015; 9:91-6. [PMID: 26740747 PMCID: PMC4696838 DOI: 10.4137/ccrpm.s23285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an intractable disease for which the pathological findings are characterized by temporal and spatial heterogeneity. The pathogenesis is composed of myriad factors, including repetitive injuries to epithelial cells, alterations in immunity, the formation of vascular leakage and coagulation, abnormal wound healing, fibrogenesis, and collagen accumulation. Therefore, the molecular target drugs that are used or attempted for treatment or clinical trials may not cover the myriad therapeutic targets of IPF. In addition, the complicated pathogenesis results in a lack of informative biomarkers to diagnose accurately the status of IPF. These facts point out the necessity of using a combination of drugs, that is, each single drug with molecular targets or a single drug with multiple therapeutic targets. In this review, we introduce a humoral factor, stanniocalcin-1 (STC1), which has myriad functions, including the maintenance of calcium homeostasis, the promotion of early wound healing, uncoupling respiration (aerobic glycolysis), reepithelialization in damaged tissues, the inhibition of vascular leakage, and the regulation of macrophage functions to keep epithelial and endothelial homeostasis, which may adequately cover the myriad therapeutic targets of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Ohkouchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; Department of Occupational Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Manabu Ono
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Makoto Kobayashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Taizou Hirano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yutaka Tojo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shu Hisata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Masakazu Ichinose
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toshiya Irokawa
- Department of Occupational Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Ogawa
- Department of Occupational Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hajime Kurosawa
- Department of Occupational Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Yeung BHY, Shek FH, Lee NP, Wong CKC. Stanniocalcin-1 Reduces Tumor Size in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139977. [PMID: 26469082 PMCID: PMC4607425 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence has revealed high expression levels of stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) in different types of human cancers. Numerous experimental studies using cancer cell lines demonstrated the involvement of STC1 in inflammatory and apoptotic processes; however the role of STC1 in carcinogenesis remains elusive. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) an exemplified model of inflammation-related cancer, represents a paradigm of studying the association between STC1 and tumor development. Therefore, we conducted a statistical analysis on the expression levels of STC1 using clinicopathological data from 216 HCC patients. We found that STC1 was upregulated in the tumor tissues and its expression levels was positively correlated with the levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8. Intriguingly tumors with greater expression levels of STC1 (tumor/normal ≥ 2) were significantly smaller than the lower level (tumor/normal<2) samples (p = 0.008). A pharmacological approach was implemented to reveal the functional correlation between STC1 and the ILs in the HCC cell-lines. IL-6 and IL-8 treatment of Hep3B cells induced STC1 expression. Lentiviral-based STC1 overexpression in Hep3B and MHCC-97L cells however showed inhibitory action on the pro-migratory effects of IL-6 and IL-8 and reduced size of tumor spheroids. The inhibitory effect of STC1 on tumor growth was confirmed in vivo using the stable STC1-overexpressing 97L cells on a mouse xenograft model. Genetic analysis of the xenografts derived from the STC1-overexpressing 97L cells, showed upregulation of the pro-apoptotic genes interleukin-12 and NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing 3. Collectively, the anti-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic functions of STC1 were suggested to relate its inhibitory effect on the growth of HCC cells. This study supports the notion that STC1 may be a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory tumors in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie H. Y. Yeung
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Felix H. Shek
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Nikki P. Lee
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Chris K. C. Wong
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
- * E-mail:
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Nieminen T, Toivanen PI, Laakkonen JP, Heikura T, Kaikkonen MU, Airenne KJ, Ylä-Herttuala S. Slit2 modifies VEGF-induced angiogenic responses in rabbit skeletal muscle via reduced eNOS activity. Cardiovasc Res 2015; 107:267-76. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvv161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
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Guh YJ, Lin CH, Hwang PP. Osmoregulation in zebrafish: ion transport mechanisms and functional regulation. EXCLI JOURNAL 2015; 14:627-59. [PMID: 26600749 PMCID: PMC4650948 DOI: 10.17179/excli2015-246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fish, like mammals, have to maintain their body fluid ionic and osmotic homeostasis through sophisticated iono-/osmoregulation mechanisms, which are conducted mainly by ionocytes of the gill (the skin in embryonic stages), instead of the renal tubular cells in mammals. Given the advantages in terms of genetic database availability and manipulation, zebrafish is an emerging model for research into regulatory and integrative physiology. At least five types of ionocytes, HR, NaR, NCC, SLC26, and KS cells, have been identified to carry out Na(+) uptake/H(+) secretion/NH4 (+) excretion, Ca(2+) uptake, Na(+)/Cl(-) uptake, K(+) secretion, and Cl(-) uptake/HCO3 (-) secretion, respectively, through distinct sets of transporters. Several hormones, namely isotocin, prolactin, cortisol, stanniocalcin-1, calcitonin, endothelin-1, vitamin D, parathyorid hormone 1, catecholamines, and the renin-angiotensin-system, have been demonstrated to positively or negatively regulate ion transport through specific receptors at different ionocytes stages, at either the transcriptional/translational or posttranslational level. The knowledge obtained using zebrafish answered many long-term contentious or unknown issues in the field of fish iono-/osmoregulation. The homology of ion transport pathways and hormone systems also means that the zebrafish model informs studies on mammals or other animal species, thereby providing insights into related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jey Guh
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Nakang, Taipei, Taiwan ; Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nakang, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hao Lin
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Pung-Pung Hwang
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Nakang, Taipei, Taiwan
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Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside from Afgekia mahidoliae promotes keratinocyte migration through FAK and Rac1 activation. J Nat Med 2015; 69:340-8. [PMID: 25783411 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-015-0899-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The restoration of the epidermal epithelium through re-epithelialization is a critical process in wound healing. Directed keratinocyte migration to the wound is required, and the retardation of this process may result in a chronic, non-healing wound. The present study contributes to research aiming to identify promising compounds that promote wound healing using a human keratinocyte model. The effects of three kaempferol glycosides from an Afgekia mahidoliae leaf extract, kaempferol-3-O-arabinoside, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, on keratinocyte migration were determined. Interestingly, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside exhibited a pronounced effect on wound closure in comparison to the parental kaempferol and other glycosides. The mechanism by which kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside enhances cell migration involves the induction of filopodia and lamellipodia formation, increased cellular levels of phosphorylated FAK (Tyr 397) and phosphorylated Akt (Ser 473), and up-regulation of active Rac1-GTP. The data obtained in this study may support the development of this compound for use in wound healing therapies.
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15
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Chou MY, Lin CH, Chao PL, Hung JC, Cruz SA, Hwang PP. Stanniocalcin-1 controls ion regulation functions of ion-transporting epithelium other than calcium balance. Int J Biol Sci 2015; 11:122-32. [PMID: 25561895 PMCID: PMC4279088 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.10773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1) was first identified to involve in Ca(2+) homeostasis in teleosts, and was thought to act as a hypocalcemic hormone in vertebrate. Recent studies suggested that STC-1 exhibits broad effects on ion balance, not confines to Ca(2+), but the mechanism of this regulation process remains largely unknown. Here, we used zebrafish embryos as an alternative in vivo model to investigate how STC-1 regulates transepithelial ion transport function in ion-transporting epithelium. Expression of stc-1 mRNA in zebrafish embryos was increased in high-Ca(2+) environments but decreased by acidic and ion-deficient treatments while overexpression of stc-1 impaired the hypotonic acclimation by decreasing whole body Ca(2+), Na(+), and Cl(-) contents and H(+) secretion ability. Injection of STC-1 mRNA also down-regulated mRNA expressions of epithelial Ca(2+) channel, H(+)-ATPase, and Na(+)-Cl(-) cotransporter, suggesting the roles of STC-1 in regulation of ions other than Ca(2+). Knockdown of STC-1 caused an increase in ionocyte progenitors (foxi3a as the marker) and mature ionocytes (ion transporters as the markers), but did not affect epithelium stem cells (p63 as the marker) in the embryonic skin. Overexpression of STC-1 had the corresponding opposite effect on ionocyte progenitors, mature ionocytes in the embryonic skin. Taken together, STC-1 negatively regulates the number of ionocytes to reduce ionocyte functions. This process is important for body fluid ionic homeostasis, which is achieved by the regulation of ion transport functions in ionocytes. The present findings provide new insights into the broader functions of STC-1, a hypocalcemic hormone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yi Chou
- 1. Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. ; 2. RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Laboratory for Developmental Gene Regulation, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Chia-Hao Lin
- 1. Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Lin Chao
- 1. Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Chi Hung
- 1. Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shelly A Cruz
- 1. Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Pung-Pung Hwang
- 1. Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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16
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Ito Y, Zemans R, Correll K, Yang IV, Ahmad A, Gao B, Mason RJ. Stanniocalcin-1 is induced by hypoxia inducible factor in rat alveolar epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 452:1091-7. [PMID: 25251473 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alveolar type II (ATII) cells remain differentiated and express surfactant proteins when cultured at an air-liquid (A/L) interface. When cultured under submerged conditions, ATII cells dedifferentiate and change their gene expression profile. We have previously shown that gene expression under submerged conditions is regulated by hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) signaling due to focal hypoxia resulting from ATII cell metabolism. Herein, we sought to further define gene expression changes in ATII cells cultured under submerged conditions. We performed a genome wide microarray on RNA extracted from rat ATII cells cultured under submerged conditions for 24-48h after switching from an A/L interface. We found significant alterations in gene expression, including upregulation of the HIF target genes stanniocalcin-1 (STC1), tyrosine hydroxylase (Th), enolase (Eno) 2, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 13, and we verified upregulation of these genes by RT-PCR. Because STC1, a highly evolutionarily conserved glycoprotein with anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidant, and wound healing properties, is widely expressed in the lung, we further explored the potential functions of STC1 in the alveolar epithelium. We found that STC1 was induced by hypoxia and HIF in rat ATII cells, and this induction occurred rapidly and reversibly. We also showed that recombinant human STC1 (rhSTC1) enhanced cell motility with extended lamellipodia formation in alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) monolayers but did not inhibit the oxidative damage induced by LPS. We also confirmed that STC1 was upregulated by hypoxia and HIF in human lung epithelial cells. In this study, we have found that several HIF target genes including STC1 are upregulated in AECs by a submerged condition, that STC1 is regulated by hypoxia and HIF, that this regulation is rapidly and reversibly, and that STC1 enhances wound healing moderately in AEC monolayers. However, STC1 did not inhibit oxidative damage in rat AECs stimulated by LPS in vitro. Therefore, alterations in gene expression by ATII cells under submerged conditions including STC1 were largely induced by hypoxia and HIF, which may be relevant to our understanding of the pathogenesis of various lung diseases in which the alveolar epithelium is exposed to relative hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Ito
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA.
| | - Rachel Zemans
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kelly Correll
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Ivana V Yang
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Aftab Ahmad
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Bifeng Gao
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Robert J Mason
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
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Tang SE, Wu CP, Wu SY, Peng CK, Perng WC, Kang BH, Chu SJ, Huang KL. Stanniocalcin-1 ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced pulmonary oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 71:321-331. [PMID: 24685991 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) is an endogenous glycoprotein whose anti-inflammatory effects occur through induction of uncoupling proteins to reduce oxidative stress. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that exogenous recombinant human STC1 (rhSTC1) protects against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury in mice. Anesthetized C57BL/6 mice underwent intratracheal spraying of LPS (20 µg/10 g body wt), and lung injury was assessed 24h later by analyzing pulmonary edema, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and lung histopathology. Lung inflammation, oxidative stress, and expression of STC1 and its downstream uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) were analyzed at specific time points. Expression of UCP2 was suppressed initially but was subsequently upregulated after STC1 elevation in response to intratracheal administration of LPS. Intratracheal rhSTC1 treatment 1h before or after LPS spraying significantly attenuated pulmonary inflammation, oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, and acute lung injury. Pretreatment with STC1 short interfering RNA 48 h before LPS spraying inhibited the expression of STC1 and UCP2 and significantly increased the extent of lung injury. These findings suggest that STC1 is an endogenous stress protein that may counteract LPS-induced lung injury by inhibiting the inflammatory cascade and inducing antioxidant and antiapoptotic mechanisms. However, the potential clinical application of STC1 and the direct linkage between UCP2 and LPS-induced lung injury remain to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-En Tang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Pyng Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Landseed Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yu Wu
- Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Kan Peng
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Wann-Cherng Perng
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Hwang Kang
- Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Jye Chu
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
| | - Kun-Lun Huang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
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18
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Jeong YM, Park WJ, Kim MK, Baek KJ, Kwon NS, Yun HY, Kim DS. Leucine-rich glioma inactivated 3 promotes HaCaT keratinocyte migration. Wound Repair Regen 2014; 21:634-40. [PMID: 23815230 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Our finding that human skin expresses leucine-rich glioma inactivated 3 (LGI3) raises the question of the function of this cytokine in keratinocytes. We have shown that LGI3 stimulates human HaCaT keratinocyte migration without affecting viability or proliferation. Western blot analysis showed that LGI3 induced focal adhesion kinase activation, Akt phosphorylation, and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) phosphorylation in these cells. Using the scratch wound assay and a modified Boyden chamber, we found that LY294002, a selective phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor, and LiCl, a selective GSK3β inhibitor, abolished LGI3-induced cell migration. We tested β-catenin levels after LGI3 treatment because the Akt-GSK3β pathway regulates β-catenin accumulation, and β-catenin promotes cell migration. LGI3 treatment increased β-catenin protein and nuclear localization, whereas LY294002 prevented LGI3-induced focal adhesion kinase and Akt activation as well as β-catenin accumulation. Overall, these data suggest that LGI3 stimulates HaCaT cell migration following β-catenin accumulation through the Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Mi Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Law AYS, Wong CKC. Stanniocalcin-1 and -2 promote angiogenic sprouting in HUVECs via VEGF/VEGFR2 and angiopoietin signaling pathways. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2013; 374:73-81. [PMID: 23664860 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2013.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Revised: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The members of stanniocalcins (STCs: STC-1 and STC-2) family are known to be involved in tumor progression and metastasis. Although current evidences suggest the involvement of STCs in vascular biology, the functional roles of STCs in angiogenesis have not yet been elucidated. The objective of this study was to decipher the roles of STCs in angiogenesis of human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). We prepared STC1 or STC2 lentiviral particles to transduce the cells to reveal their effects on the processes of cell proliferation, migration and tube formation. The stimulatory effects of STCs on these processes were demonstrated, supporting the notion of STCs in angiogenesis. To dissect the molecular components involved, STC1 or STC2 transduction led to significant increases in the expression levels of cell cycle regulators (i.e. cyclin-D and phospho-retinoblastoma), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 but a decrease of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteases (TIMP)-1. The expression levels of the cell adhesion/junctional proteins vimentin and VE-cadherin, were significantly induced. Moreover the transduction induced both mRNA and protein levels of eNOS, VEGF and VEGFR2 (KDR mRNA and pKDR), highlighting the stimulatory effects of STCs on VEGF-signaling pathway. Furthermore STC2 transduction but not STC1, activated angiopoietin (Ang)-2 pathway. Taken together, STC1 and STC2 play positive roles in angiogenic sprouting. The action of STC1 was mediated via VEGF/VEGFR2 pathway while STC2 were mediated via VEGF/VEGFR2 and Ang-2 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Y S Law
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
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Lee CW, Hwang I, Park CS, Lee H, Park DW, Kang SJ, Lee SW, Kim YH, Park SW, Park SJ. Expression of stanniocalcin-1 in culprit coronary plaques of patients with acute myocardial infarction or stable angina. J Clin Pathol 2013; 66:787-91. [DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2013-201563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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21
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Cordeiro JV, Jacinto A. The role of transcription-independent damage signals in the initiation of epithelial wound healing. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2013; 14:249-62. [PMID: 23443750 DOI: 10.1038/nrm3541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing is an essential biological process that comprises sequential steps aimed at restoring the architecture and function of damaged cells and tissues. This process begins with conserved damage signals, such as Ca(2+), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and ATP, that diffuse through epithelial tissues and initiate immediate gene transcription-independent cellular effects, including cell shape changes, the formation of functional actomyosin structures and the recruitment of immune cells. These events integrate the ensuing transcription of specific wound response genes that further advance the wound healing response. The immediate importance of transcription-independent damage signals illustrates that healing a wound begins as soon as damage occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- João V Cordeiro
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas (CEDOC), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
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Yeung BHY, Law AYS, Wong CKC. Evolution and roles of stanniocalcin. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2012; 349:272-80. [PMID: 22115958 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2011.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In fish, stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) is a key endocrine factor that acts on gill, intestine and kidney to regulate serum calcium and phosphate homeostasis. The recent identification and study of mammalian STCs (STC1 and STC2) revealed that the hormones are made in virtually all tissues and they act primarily as paracrine/autocrine factors to regulate various biological functions. Based on their ubiquitous expression patterns and generally undetectable levels in blood serum, it is unlikely that the mammalian STCs play important roles in serum Ca(2+)/P(i) homeostasis. However current evidences still support the local action of STCs in Ca(2+) and P(i) transport, probably via their action on Ca(2+)-channels and Na(+)/P(i) co-transporter. At present, information about the sequence, expression and distribution of the STC receptor(s) is lacking. However, recent emerging evidence hints the involvement of STC1 and STC2 in the sub-cellular functions of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum respectively, particularly responding to oxidative stress and unfolded protein response. With increasing evidence that demonstrates the local actions of STCs, the focus of the research has been moved to cellular inflammation and carcinogenesis. This review integrates the information available on STCs in fish and mammals, focusing mainly on their embryonic origin, tissue distribution, their potential regulatory mechanisms and the modes of action, and their physiological and pathophysiological functions, particularly in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Y Yeung
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
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