1
|
Negera E, Walker SL, Bobosha K, Bekele Y, Endale B, Tarekegn A, Abebe M, Aseffa A, Dockrell HM, Lockwood DN. The Effects of Prednisolone Treatment on Cytokine Expression in Patients with Erythema Nodosum Leprosum Reactions. Front Immunol 2018; 9:189. [PMID: 29479352 PMCID: PMC5811481 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) is a systemic inflammatory complication occurring mainly in patients with lepromatous leprosy (LL) and borderline lepromatous leprosy. Prednisolone is widely used for treatment of ENL reactions but clinical improvement varies. However, there is little good in vivo data as to the effect of prednisolone treatment on the pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with ENL reactions. As a result, treatment and management of reactional and post-reactional episodes of ENL often pose a therapeutic challenge. We investigated the effect of prednisolone treatment on the inflammatory cytokines TNF, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 and the regulatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β in the skin lesion and blood of patients with ENL and compared with non-reactional LL patient controls. A case–control study was employed to recruit 30 patients with ENL and 30 non-reactional LL patient controls at ALERT Hospital, Ethiopia. Blood and skin biopsy samples were obtained from each patient before and after prednisolone treatment. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with ENL cases and LL controls were cultured with M. leprae whole-cell sonicates (MLWCS), phytohemagglutinin or no stimulation for 6 days. The supernatants were assessed with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for inflammatory and regulatory cytokines. For cytokine gene expression, mRNA was isolated from whole blood and skin lesions and then reverse transcribed into cDNA. The mRNA gene expression was quantified on a Light Cycler using real-time PCR assays specific to TNF, IFN-γ, IL-β, TGF-β, IL-17A, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10. The ex vivo production of the cytokines: TNF, IFN-γ, IL-1β, and IL-17A was significantly increased in untreated patients with ENL. However, IL-10 production was significantly lower in untreated patients with ENL and significantly increased after treatment. The ex vivo production of IL-6 and IL-8 in patients with ENL did not show statistically significant differences before and after prednisolone treatment. The mRNA expression in blood and skin lesion for TNF, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17A significantly reduced in patients with ENL after treatment, while mRNA expression for IL-10 and TGF-β was significantly increased both in blood and skin lesion after treatment. This is the first study examining the effect of prednisolone on the kinetics of inflammatory and regulatory cytokines in patients with ENL reactions before and after prednisolone treatment. Our findings suggest that prednisolone modulates the pro-inflammatory cytokines studied here either directly or through suppression of the immune cells producing these inflammatory cytokines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edessa Negera
- Faculty of Infectious Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.,Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Stephen L Walker
- Faculty of Infectious Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kidist Bobosha
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yonas Bekele
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Azeb Tarekegn
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Markos Abebe
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Abraham Aseffa
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Hazel M Dockrell
- Faculty of Infectious Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Diana N Lockwood
- Faculty of Infectious Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pir-B inhibits the DC function and disturbs the Th17/Treg balance in lung cancer murine model. Oncotarget 2017; 8:114710-114721. [PMID: 29383114 PMCID: PMC5777726 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Paired immunoglobulin-like receptor B (Pir-B) was an inhibitory receptor expressed on the surfaces of dendritic cells (DCs). Pir-B inhibit T helper (Th) 1 response and induce Th2 cell differentiation, leading to the imbalance of Th1/Th2 cells. However, the role and potential mechanism of Pir-B on the balance of Th17/regulatory T cells (Tregs) is still largely unknown in lung cancer murine model. In the present study, the DC function and Th17/Treg balance were destroyed during the progression of lung cancer and this was accompanied by an increased expression of Pir-B. After transfection with Pir-B siRNA or administration of IL-6 in vitro, the decreased response of Th17 cells were restored, whereas the augmented differentiation of Tregs was diminished. Further, the transfer of Pir-B silenced DCs or the injection of IL-6 in vivo increased Th17 response and decreased Treg differentiation. Our study has demonstrated that Pir-B inhibits the DC function and disturbs the Th17/Treg balance via IL-6 pathway during the progression of lung cancer, contributing to inhibited antitumor immunity.
Collapse
|
3
|
Tsuchiyama H, Maeda A, Nakajima M, Kitsukawa M, Takahashi K, Miyoshi T, Mutsuga M, Asaoka Y, Miyamoto Y, Oshida K. Gene expression profiles in auricle skin as a possible additional endpoint for determination of sensitizers: A multi-endpoint evaluation of the local lymph node assay. Toxicol Lett 2017; 280:133-141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
4
|
Silverio KA, Patel SA. Harnessing antitumor immunity: Employment of tumor recall antigens to optimize the inflammatory response to cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:2015-2020. [PMID: 28454356 PMCID: PMC5403274 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of immunotherapy for cancer has contributed to the era of personalized medicine for cancer. The various immunotherapy-based treatments that have been explored thus far include monoclonal antibody therapy, tumor vaccines, immune checkpoint blockade and adoptive T cell transfer, among others. The groundwork for all these immunotherapeutic modalities rests within the tumor microenvironment, specifically the immune factors that influence the tumor-drug interface. Prior to therapeutic design, the tumor microenvironmental interactions and the current barriers to successful treatment must first be understood. In the present review, it is proposed that cancer cell eradication within the tumor niche may be achieved by reprogramming of the immune microenvironment in favor of a pro-inflammatory antitumor profile at an early stage. This pro-inflammatory profile may, in turn, be influenced by tumor recall antigens, which function to stimulate the cell-mediated or humoral responses involved in antitumor immunity. These measures serve to counteract the immunotolerant state of the tumor microenvironment. Such measures are critical to therapeutic successes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Silverio
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Shyam A Patel
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Involvement of P2X7 receptor signaling on regulating the differentiation of Th17 cells and type II collagen-induced arthritis in mice. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35804. [PMID: 27775097 PMCID: PMC5075966 DOI: 10.1038/srep35804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-17 producing T helper (Th17) cells are major effector cells in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) has emerged as a potential site in the regulation of inflammation in RA but little is known of its functional role on the differentiation of Th17 cells. This study investigates the in vitro and in vivo effects of P2X7R on Th17 cell differentiation during type II collagen (CII) induced experimental arthritis model. In CII-treated dendritic cells (DCs) and DC/CD4+ T coculture system, pretreatment with pharmacological antagonists of P2X7R (Suramin and A-438079) caused strong inhibition of production of Th17-promoting cytokines (IL-1β, TGF-β1, IL-23p19 and IL-6). Exposure to CII induced the elevation of mRNAs encoding retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor α and γt, which were abolished by pretreatment with P2X7R antagonists. Furthermore, blocking P2X7R signaling abolished the CII-mediated increase in IL-17A. Blockade of P2X7R remarkably inhibited hind paw swelling and ameliorated pathological changes in ankle joint of the collagen-induced arthritis mice. Thus, we demonstrated a novel function for P2X7R signaling in regulating CII-induced differentiation of Th17 cells. P2X7R signaling facilitates the development of the sophisticated network of DC-derived cytokines that favors a Th17 phenotype.
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhu Q, Qi X, Wu Y, Wang K. Clinical study of total glucosides of paeony for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease in patients with diabetes mellitus. Int Urol Nephrol 2016; 48:1873-1880. [PMID: 27342654 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-016-1345-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Total glucosides of paeony (TGP), an active compound extracted from dried roots of Paeonia lactiflora Pall, have anti-inflammatory effects. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of TGP for treating diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. METHODS An open-label, prospective, randomized, parallel-group, single-site study involving 76 patients with DKD. Patients were randomized into two groups: losartan group (n = 38), treated with losartan 100 mg/day for 6 months and TGP group (n = 38), treated with TGP 1800 mg/day and losartan 100 mg/day for 6 months. Serum hs-CRP, MCP-1, and TNF-α were determined before and after treatment. Urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER), fasting blood glucose, serum creatinine, and lipid profiles were examined. RESULTS At the end-point, UAER decreased in the TGP group compared with baseline. UAER in the losartan group decreased to a level lower than before treatment. The rate of decline in the losartan group was significantly lower than the TGP group. There were no significant differences in serum creatinine and albumin levels between TGP and losartan groups at the end-point. Serum hs-CRP, MCP-1, and TNF-α levels were significantly lower in both groups after treatment. After treatment, serum hs-CRP, MCP-1, and TNF-α in the TGP group decreased more than the losartan group. Positive correlations were observed between UAER and hs-CRP, MCP-1, and TNF-α. No statistically significant difference in side effects was observed between groups. CONCLUSION Our study showed that TGP treatment could reduce the albuminuria and inflammatory markers in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with DKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qijin Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Xiangming Qi
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Yonggui Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang S, Wu B, Xue J, Wang M, Chen R, Wang B. Nizatidine, a small molecular compound, enhances killed H5N1 vaccine cell-mediated responses and protects mice from lethal viral challenge. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2013; 10:461-8. [PMID: 24253609 DOI: 10.4161/hv.27165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nizatidine (NIZ), closely related to Cimetidine, is a histamine H2 receptor inverse agonist used primarily as an anti-acid drug. Recent studies showed that this class of compounds may also modulate immune responses. To evaluate adjuvant effects of NIZ on vaccine immune modulation, we formulated NIZ with a H5N1 killed viral antigen and tested in vitro and in vivo. NIZ activated DC maturation and stimulated Th1 and Th2 immune responses to H5N1 vaccine. As a result, it enhanced both antibody and T cell-mediated immune responses. We also observed that a single immunization into C57BL/6 mice blocked IL-10 upregulation and potentiated Th1/Th2 dual polarization. Importantly, the inoculation of H5N1 vaccine with NIZ significantly improved protection of animals from death after challenge and reduced virus loads in the lung tissues. Considering its water-soluble nature, compared with Cimetidine, Nizatidine may be a better choice to use as a vaccine adjuvant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Agro-Biotechnology; College of Biological Science; China Agricultural University; Beijing, PR China
| | - Bing Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Agro-Biotechnology; College of Biological Science; China Agricultural University; Beijing, PR China
| | - Jia Xue
- College of Veterinary Medicine; China Agricultural University; Beijing, PR China
| | - Ming Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine; China Agricultural University; Beijing, PR China
| | - Ruiai Chen
- Dahuanong Animal Health Inc.; Guangdong, PR China
| | - Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Agro-Biotechnology; College of Biological Science; China Agricultural University; Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOH and MOE; Fudan University Shanghai Medical College; Shanghai, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Total glucosides of paeony inhibits Th1/Th17 cells via decreasing dendritic cells activation in rheumatoid arthritis. Cell Immunol 2012; 280:156-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2012.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Revised: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
9
|
Zhou Z, Lin J, Huo R, Huang W, Zhang J, Wang L, Sun Y, Shen B, Li N. Total glucosides of paeony attenuated functional maturation of dendritic cells via blocking TLR4/5 signaling in vivo. Int Immunopharmacol 2012; 14:275-82. [PMID: 22846756 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2012.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Revised: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that dendritic cells (DCs) play a critical role in the initiation and development of an immune response. Inhibitory effect on DC maturation alters immune-mediated inflammatory reaction in vivo. Total glucosides of paeony (TGP) are active compounds extracted from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora and have been widely used to ameliorate inflammation in therapy for autoimmune diseases. However, whether TGP act on DC maturation remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of TGP on DC maturation in ovalbumin (OVA) immunized mice. Ear inflammation was inhibited by TGP (150 mgkg(-1), i.p.×11 days) obviously. The antigen presenting capacity of DC derived from TGP-treated mice was arrested. Meanwhile, OVA specific T cell proliferation was inhibited. In addition, we found that maturation of DCs was decreased by TGP treatment. Furthermore, OVA specific T cell proliferation was rescued by the adoptive transfer of mature DCs (mDCs) into TGP treated OVA-challenged mice. The research on the mechanism showed that TGP significantly inhibited activation of TLR4/5 singling. All these results demonstrated that TGP inhibited DC maturation and function by selectively blocking TLR4/5 activation in vivo, which in turn leads to reduce immune-mediated inflammation in vivo, adding a novel mechanism and therapeutic target of TGP for inflammatory and autoimmune disease treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Institute of medical sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hung CY, Hurtgen BJ, Bellecourt M, Sanderson SD, Morgan EL, Cole GT. An agonist of human complement fragment C5a enhances vaccine immunity against Coccidioides infection. Vaccine 2012; 30:4681-90. [PMID: 22575167 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.04.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2011] [Revised: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Coccidioides is a fungal pathogen and causative agent of a human respiratory disease against which no clinical vaccine exists. In this study we evaluated a novel vaccine adjuvant referred to as EP67, which is a peptide agonist of the biologically active C-terminal region of human complement component C5a. The EP67 peptide was conjugated to live spores of an attenuated vaccine strain (ΔT) of Coccidioides posadasii. The non-conjugated ΔT vaccine provided partial protection to BALB/c mice against coccidioidomycosis. In this report we compared the protective efficacy of the ΔT-EP67 conjugate to the ΔT vaccine in BALB/c mice. Animals immunized subcutaneously with the ΔT-EP67 vaccine showed significant increase in survival and decrease in fungal burden over 75 days postchallenge. Increased pulmonary infiltration of dendritic cells and macrophages was observed on day 7 postchallenge but marked decrease in neutrophil numbers had occurred by 11 days. The reduced influx of neutrophils may have contributed to the observed reduction of inflammatory pathology. Mice immunized with the ΔT-EP67 vaccine also revealed enhanced expression of MHC II molecules on the surface of antigen presenting cells, and in vitro recall assays of immune splenocytes showed elevated Th1- and Th17-type cytokine production. The latter correlated with a marked increase in lung infiltration of IFN-γ- and IL-17-producing CD4(+) T cells. Elevated expression of T-bet and RORc transcription factors in ΔT-EP67-vaccinated mice indicated the promotion of Th1 and Th17 cell differentiation. Higher titers of Coccidioides antigen-specific IgG1 and IgG2a were detected in mice immunized with the EP67-conjugated versus the non-conjugated vaccine. These combined results suggest that the EP67 adjuvant enhances protective efficacy of the live vaccine by augmentation of T-cell immunity, especially through Th1- and Th17-mediated responses to Coccidioides infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiung-Yu Hung
- Department of Biology and South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|