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Dogra P, Shinglot V, Ruiz-Ramírez J, Cave J, Butner JD, Schiavone C, Duda DG, Kaseb AO, Chung C, Koay EJ, Cristini V, Ozpolat B, Calin GA, Wang Z. Translational modeling-based evidence for enhanced efficacy of standard-of-care drugs in combination with anti-microRNA-155 in non-small-cell lung cancer. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:156. [PMID: 39095771 PMCID: PMC11295620 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02060-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated microRNA-155 (miR-155) expression in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) promotes cisplatin resistance and negatively impacts treatment outcomes. However, miR-155 can also boost anti-tumor immunity by suppressing PD-L1 expression. Therapeutic targeting of miR-155 through its antagonist, anti-miR-155, has proven challenging due to its dual molecular effects. METHODS We developed a multiscale mechanistic model, calibrated with in vivo data and then extrapolated to humans, to investigate the therapeutic effects of nanoparticle-delivered anti-miR-155 in NSCLC, alone or in combination with standard-of-care drugs. RESULTS Model simulations and analyses of the clinical scenario revealed that monotherapy with anti-miR-155 at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg administered once every three weeks has substantial anti-cancer activity. It led to a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 6.7 months, which compared favorably to cisplatin and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Further, we explored the combinations of anti-miR-155 with standard-of-care drugs, and found strongly synergistic two- and three-drug combinations. A three-drug combination of anti-miR-155, cisplatin, and pembrolizumab resulted in a median PFS of 13.1 months, while a two-drug combination of anti-miR-155 and cisplatin resulted in a median PFS of 11.3 months, which emerged as a more practical option due to its simple design and cost-effectiveness. Our analyses also provided valuable insights into unfavorable dose ratios for drug combinations, highlighting the need for optimizing dose regimens to prevent antagonistic effects. CONCLUSIONS This work bridges the gap between preclinical development and clinical translation of anti-miR-155 and unravels the potential of anti-miR-155 combination therapies in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Dogra
- Mathematics in Medicine Program, Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Vrushaly Shinglot
- Mathematics in Medicine Program, Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Joseph Cave
- Mathematics in Medicine Program, Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph D Butner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carmine Schiavone
- Mathematics in Medicine Program, Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Dan G Duda
- Edwin. L. Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ahmed O Kaseb
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Caroline Chung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eugene J Koay
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vittorio Cristini
- Mathematics in Medicine Program, Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Imaging Physics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bulent Ozpolat
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhihui Wang
- Mathematics in Medicine Program, Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
- Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
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Dogra P, Shinglot V, Ruiz-Ramírez J, Cave J, Butner JD, Schiavone C, Duda DG, Kaseb AO, Chung C, Koay EJ, Cristini V, Ozpolat B, Calin GA, Wang Z. Translational modeling-based evidence for enhanced efficacy of standard-of-care drugs in combination with anti-microRNA-155 in non-small-cell lung cancer. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.03.14.24304306. [PMID: 38559070 PMCID: PMC10980136 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.14.24304306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Elevated microRNA-155 (miR-155) expression in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) promotes cisplatin resistance and negatively impacts treatment outcomes. However, miR-155 can also boost anti-tumor immunity by suppressing PD-L1 expression. We developed a multiscale mechanistic model, calibrated with in vivo data and then extrapolated to humans, to investigate the therapeutic effects of nanoparticle-delivered anti-miR-155 in NSCLC, alone or in combination with standard-of-care drugs. Model simulations and analyses of the clinical scenario revealed that monotherapy with anti-miR-155 at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg administered once every three weeks has substantial anti-cancer activity. It led to a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 6.7 months, which compared favorably to cisplatin and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Further, we explored the combinations of anti-miR-155 with standard-of-care drugs, and found strongly synergistic two- and three-drug combinations. A three-drug combination of anti-miR-155, cisplatin, and pembrolizumab resulted in a median PFS of 13.1 months, while a two-drug combination of anti-miR-155 and cisplatin resulted in a median PFS of 11.3 months, which emerged as a more practical option due to its simple design and cost-effectiveness. Our analyses also provided valuable insights into unfavorable dose ratios for drug combinations, highlighting the need for optimizing dose regimen to prevent antagonistic effects. Thus, this work bridges the gap between preclinical development and clinical translation of anti-miR-155 and unravels the potential of anti-miR-155 combination therapies in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Dogra
- Mathematics in Medicine Program, Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vrushaly Shinglot
- Mathematics in Medicine Program, Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Joseph Cave
- Mathematics in Medicine Program, Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph D. Butner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carmine Schiavone
- Mathematics in Medicine Program, Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Dan G. Duda
- Edwin. L. Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ahmed O. Kaseb
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Caroline Chung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eugene J. Koay
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vittorio Cristini
- Mathematics in Medicine Program, Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Imaging Physics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bulent Ozpolat
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - George A. Calin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhihui Wang
- Mathematics in Medicine Program, Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
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Pillai M, Hojel E, Jolly MK, Goyal Y. Unraveling non-genetic heterogeneity in cancer with dynamical models and computational tools. NATURE COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 3:301-313. [PMID: 38177938 DOI: 10.1038/s43588-023-00427-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Individual cells within an otherwise genetically homogenous population constantly undergo fluctuations in their molecular state, giving rise to non-genetic heterogeneity. Such diversity is being increasingly implicated in cancer therapy resistance and metastasis. Identifying the origins of non-genetic heterogeneity is therefore crucial for making clinical breakthroughs. We discuss with examples how dynamical models and computational tools have provided critical multiscale insights into the nature and consequences of non-genetic heterogeneity in cancer. We demonstrate how mechanistic modeling has been pivotal in establishing key concepts underlying non-genetic diversity at various biological scales, from population dynamics to gene regulatory networks. We discuss advances in single-cell longitudinal profiling techniques to reveal patterns of non-genetic heterogeneity, highlighting the ongoing efforts and challenges in statistical frameworks to robustly interpret such multimodal datasets. Moving forward, we stress the need for data-driven statistical and mechanistically motivated dynamical frameworks to come together to develop predictive cancer models and inform therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maalavika Pillai
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Emilia Hojel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University McCormick School of Engineering, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
| | - Yogesh Goyal
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University McCormick School of Engineering, Evanston, IL, USA.
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Li X, Fang H, Zhang D, Xia L, Wang X, Yang J, Zhang S, Su Y, Zhu Y. Long-term survival analysis of patients with stage IIIB-IV non-small cell lung cancer complicated by type 2 diabetes mellitus: A retrospective propensity score matching analysis. Thorac Cancer 2022; 13:3268-3273. [PMID: 36217741 PMCID: PMC9715843 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to determine the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on overall survival (OS) of patients with stage IIIB-IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS We retrospectively analyzed patients with stage IIIB-IV NSCLC from January 2015 to December 2018 in the Department of Oncology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Kaplan-Meier plots, log-rank tests, and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to describe the effect of T2DM on the OS of patients with stage IIIB-IV NSCLC. RESULTS This study collected data on 76 patients with NSCLC and T2DM (group A) and 214 NSCLC patients without T2DM (group B). After propensity score matching (PSM) analysis, 74 patients were included in each group. The mean OS of all patients was 17 months (range, 11-31 months). The mean OS of group A was 15 months (range, 8-25 months) and the mean OS of group B was 20 months (range, 14-39 months). The mean OS of group B was longer than group A, and the difference was statistically significant. Univariate analysis of the clinical data showed that T2DM and complications were significantly correlated with the prognosis of patients with stage IIIB-IV NSCLC (p = 0.003 and p = 0.034). Multivariate Cox model analysis showed that T2DM and complications were independent prognostic factors for patients with stage IIIB-IV NSCLC (p = 0.002 and p = 0.024, respectively). CONCLUSION Stage IIIB-IV NSCLC patients without T2DM have an increased OS compared to patients with stage IIIB-IV NSCLE and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Li
- School of NursingAnhui University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Haiyan Fang
- School of NursingAnhui University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Dongwei Zhang
- The First Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Liming Xia
- The First Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Xiang Wang
- School of NursingAnhui University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Jingping Yang
- The First Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Shaohu Zhang
- The First Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Ya Su
- The First Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Yongfu Zhu
- The First Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
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Liu M, Cai Y, Pan J, Peter K, Li Z. Macrophage polarization as a potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis: a dynamic stochastic modelling study. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 9:220239. [PMID: 35950200 PMCID: PMC9346359 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.220239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We proposed a dynamic stochastic mathematical model to evaluate the role of macrophage polarization in plaque development. The dynamic process of macrophages from proliferation to death was simulated under different lipid microenvironments. The probability of macrophage phenotypic switching was described using a Bernoulli distribution where the stochastic variable was determined by the local lipid level. Moreover, the interactions between macrophages and microenvironmental factors vary with macrophage phenotype. We investigated the distribution of key microenvironmental factors, the dynamics of macrophage polarization and its influence on foam cell formation. M1 macrophages were found to predominate in advanced plaque corresponding to the exacerbated inflammation observed in mice experiments. The imbalance between the deposition of oxidized low-density lipoprotein and phagocytic effects of macrophages governed the formation of foam cells. Furthermore, we simulated targeted therapies by either directly inhibiting the polarization probability to M1 macrophages or indirectly regulating macrophage polarization due to high-density lipoprotein levels. Comparison of simulation results with experimental findings in both therapies indicated that the intervention and regulation of macrophage polarization could influence plaque microenvironment and subsequently induce plaque regression, especially in the early stage. The proposed modelling system can facilitate the evaluation of novel therapies targeting macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengchen Liu
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Cai
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Jichao Pan
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Karlheinz Peter
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, PO Box 6492, St Kilda Road Central, Melbourne, VIC 8008, Australia
| | - Zhiyong Li
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
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Pleouras DS, Mantzaris MD, Siogkas PK, Tsakanikas VD, Potsika VT, Sakellarios A, Tsompou P, Sigala F, Fotiadis DI. Prediction of the atherosclerotic plaque development in carotid arteries; the effect of T-cells. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2022; 2022:1590-1593. [PMID: 36085734 DOI: 10.1109/embc48229.2022.9871632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The carotid artery disease is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, as it leads to the progressive arterial stenosis that may result to stroke. To address this issue, the scientific community is attempting not only to enrich our knowledge on the underlying atherosclerotic mechanisms, but also to enable the prediction of the atherosclerotic progression. This study investigates the role of T-cells in the atherosclerotic plaque growth process through the implementation of a computational model in realistic geometries of carotid arteries. T-cells mediate in the inflammatory process by secreting interferon-y that enhances the activation of macrophages. In this analysis, we used 5 realistic human carotid arterial segments as input to the model. In particular, magnetic resonance imaging data, as well as, clinical data were collected from the patients at two time points. Using the baseline data, plaque growth was predicted and correlated to the follow-up arterial geometries. The results exhibited a very good agreement between them, presenting a high coefficient of determination R2=0.64.
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7
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Dogra P, Ramírez JR, Butner JD, Peláez MJ, Chung C, Hooda-Nehra A, Pasqualini R, Arap W, Cristini V, Calin GA, Ozpolat B, Wang Z. Translational Modeling Identifies Synergy between Nanoparticle-Delivered miRNA-22 and Standard-of-Care Drugs in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Pharm Res 2022; 39:511-528. [PMID: 35294699 PMCID: PMC8986735 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03176-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Downregulation of miRNA-22 in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with upregulation of eukaryotic elongation 2 factor kinase (eEF2K) protein, which regulates tumor growth, chemoresistance, and tumor immunosurveillance. Moreover, exogenous administration of miRNA-22, loaded in nanoparticles to prevent degradation and improve tumor delivery (termed miRNA-22 nanotherapy), to suppress eEF2K production has shown potential as an investigational therapeutic agent in vivo. Methods To evaluate the translational potential of miRNA-22 nanotherapy, we developed a multiscale mechanistic model, calibrated to published in vivo data and extrapolated to the human scale, to describe and quantify the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of miRNA-22 in virtual patient populations. Results Our analysis revealed the dose-response relationship, suggested optimal treatment frequency for miRNA-22 nanotherapy, and highlighted key determinants of therapy response, from which combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors was identified as a candidate strategy for improving treatment outcomes. More importantly, drug synergy was identified between miRNA-22 and standard-of-care drugs against TNBC, providing a basis for rational therapeutic combinations for improved response Conclusions The present study highlights the translational potential of miRNA-22 nanotherapy for TNBC in combination with standard-of-care drugs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11095-022-03176-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Dogra
- Mathematics in Medicine Program, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, 10065, USA
| | - Javier Ruiz Ramírez
- Mathematics in Medicine Program, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Joseph D Butner
- Mathematics in Medicine Program, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Maria J Peláez
- Mathematics in Medicine Program, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Caroline Chung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Anupama Hooda-Nehra
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, 07101, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, 07103, USA
| | - Renata Pasqualini
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, 07101, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Cancer Biology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, 07103, USA
| | - Wadih Arap
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, 07101, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, 07103, USA
| | - Vittorio Cristini
- Mathematics in Medicine Program, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77230, USA
- Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, 10065, USA
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Bulent Ozpolat
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Zhihui Wang
- Mathematics in Medicine Program, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, 10065, USA.
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de los Reyes AA, Kim Y. Optimal regulation of tumour-associated neutrophils in cancer progression. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 9:210705. [PMID: 35127110 PMCID: PMC8808100 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.210705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In a tumour microenvironment, tumour-associated neutrophils could display two opposing differential phenotypes: anti-tumour (N1) and pro-tumour (N2) effector cells. Converting N2 to N1 neutrophils provides innovative therapies for cancer treatment. In this study, a mathematical model for N1-N2 dynamics describing the cancer survival and immune inhibition in response to TGF-β and IFN-β is considered. The effects of exogenous intervention of TGF-β inhibitor and IFN-β are examined in order to enhance N1 recruitment to combat tumour progression. Our approach employs optimal control theory to determine drug infusion protocols that could minimize tumour volume with least administration cost possible. Four optimal control scenarios corresponding to different therapeutic strategies are explored, namely, TGF-β inhibitor control only, IFN-β control only, concomitant TGF-β inhibitor and IFN-β controls, and alternating TGF-β inhibitor and IFN-β controls. For each scheme, different initial conditions are varied to depict different pathophysiological condition of a cancer patient, leading to adaptive treatment schedule. TGF-β inhibitor and IFN-β drug dosages, total drug amount, infusion times and relative cost of drug administrations are obtained under various circumstances. The control strategies achieved could guide in designing individualized therapeutic protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelio A. de los Reyes
- Biomedical Mathematics Group, Pioneer Research Center for Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Mathematics, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines
| | - Yangjin Kim
- Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
- Mathematical Biosciences Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Khajanchi S, Nieto JJ. Spatiotemporal dynamics of a glioma immune interaction model. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22385. [PMID: 34789751 PMCID: PMC8599515 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00985-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a mathematical model which depicts the spatiotemporal dynamics of glioma cells, macrophages, cytotoxic-T-lymphocytes, immuno-suppressive cytokine TGF-β and immuno-stimulatory cytokine IFN-γ through a system of five coupled reaction-diffusion equations. We performed local stability analysis of the biologically based mathematical model for the growth of glioma cell population and their environment. The presented stability analysis of the model system demonstrates that the temporally stable positive interior steady state remains stable under the small inhomogeneous spatiotemporal perturbations. The irregular spatiotemporal dynamics of gliomas, macrophages and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes are discussed extensively and some numerical simulations are presented. Performed some numerical simulations in both one and two dimensional spaces. The occurrence of heterogeneous pattern formation of the system has both biological and mathematical implications and the concepts of glioma cell progression and invasion are considered. Simulation of the model shows that by increasing the value of time, the glioma cell population, macrophages and cytotoxic-T-lymphocytes spread throughout the domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhas Khajanchi
- Department of Mathematics, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, India.
| | - Juan J Nieto
- Instituto de Matem\acute{a}ticas, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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10
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Atorvastatin-mediated rescue of cancer-related cognitive changes in combined anticancer therapies. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1009457. [PMID: 34669701 PMCID: PMC8559965 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute administration of trastuzumab (TZB) may induce various forms of cognitive impairment. These cancer-related cognitive changes (CRCC) are regulated by an adverse biological process involving cancer stem cells (CSCs) and IL-6. Recent studies have reported that atorvastatin (ATV) may change the dynamic of cognitive impairment in a combination (TZB+ATV) therapy. In this study, we investigate the mutual interactions between cancer stem cells and the tumor cells that facilitate cognitive impairment during long term TZB therapy by developing a mathematical model that involves IL-6 and the key apoptotic regulation. These include the densities of tumor cells and CSCs, and the concentrations of intracellular signaling molecules (NFκB, Bcl-2, BAX). We apply the mathematical model to a single or combination (ATV+TZB) therapy used in the experiments to demonstrate that the CSCs can enhance CRCC by secreting IL-6 and ATV may interfere the whole regulation. We show that the model can both reproduce the major experimental observation on onset and prevention of CRCC, and suggest several important predictions to guide future experiments with the goal of the development of new anti-tumor and anti-CRCC strategies. Moreover, using this model, we investigate the fundamental mechanism of onset of cognitive impairment in TZB-treated patients and the impact of alternating therapies on the anti-tumor efficacy and intracellular response to different treatment schedules. A conventional drug, trastuzumab (TZB), was shown to be an effective weapon in killing cancer cells in brain. However, long term treatment of TZB increases the proportion of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the tumour microenvironment (TME) and induces up-regulation of pro-tumoral molecules such as IL-6 in TME. These cancer cells then become more resistant to this chemotherapy through the IL-mediated up-regulation of NFκB and CSCs. More importantly, these changes in TME result in a serious side effect, cognitive impairment called cancer-related cognitive changes (CRCC). The detailed mechanism of CRCC is still poorly understood. However, cancer patients with chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment can have long-term or delayed mental changes. In this study, we investigated the fundamental mechanism of CRCC in cancer patients based on experiments and a mathematical model that describes how tumor cells interact with CSCs in response to chemo drugs. In particular, we investigate how TZB-induced CSCs with modified IL-6 landscapes shape the cognitive functions in cancer patients. We showed that the combination treatment with another drug, atorvastatin (ATV), can abrogate the TZB-induced CRCC and enhance the survival probability of cancer patients by synergistic anti-tumor effect. We demonstrate that the cognitive functions and survival rates in cancer patients depend on the apoptotic signaling pathways via the critical communication and IL-6 landscapes of stimulated CTCs.
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Lee J, Lee D, Kim Y. Mathematical model of STAT signalling pathways in cancer development and optimal control approaches. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:210594. [PMID: 34631119 PMCID: PMC8479343 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.210594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In various diseases, the STAT family display various cellular controls over various challenges faced by the immune system and cell death programs. In this study, we investigate how an intracellular signalling network (STAT1, STAT3, Bcl-2 and BAX) regulates important cellular states, either anti-apoptosis or apoptosis of cancer cells. We adapt a mathematical framework to illustrate how the signalling network can generate a bi-stability condition so that it will induce either apoptosis or anti-apoptosis status of tumour cells. Then, we use this model to develop several anti-tumour strategies including IFN-β infusion. The roles of JAK-STATs signalling in regulation of the cell death program in cancer cells and tumour growth are poorly understood. The mathematical model unveils the structure and functions of the intracellular signalling and cellular outcomes of the anti-tumour drugs in the presence of IFN-β and JAK stimuli. We identify the best injection order of IFN-β and DDP among many possible combinations, which may suggest better infusion strategies of multiple anti-cancer agents at clinics. We finally use an optimal control theory in order to maximize anti-tumour efficacy and minimize administrative costs. In particular, we minimize tumour volume and maximize the apoptotic potential by minimizing the Bcl-2 concentration and maximizing the BAX level while minimizing total injection amount of both IFN-β and JAK2 inhibitors (DDP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonggul Lee
- Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Paris 75012, France
| | - Donggu Lee
- Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yangjin Kim
- Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
- Mathematical Biosciences Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School & Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston MA 02115, USA
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12
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Caja L, Dadras MS, Mezheyeuski A, Rodrigues-Junior DM, Liu S, Webb AT, Gomez-Puerto MC, Ten Dijke P, Heldin CH, Moustakas A. The protein kinase LKB1 promotes self-renewal and blocks invasiveness in glioblastoma. J Cell Physiol 2021; 237:743-762. [PMID: 34350982 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The role of liver kinase B1 (LKB1) in glioblastoma (GBM) development remains poorly understood. LKB1 may regulate GBM cell metabolism and has been suggested to promote glioma invasiveness. After analyzing LKB1 expression in GBM patient mRNA databases and in tumor tissue via multiparametric immunohistochemistry, we observed that LKB1 was localized and enriched in GBM tumor cells that co-expressed SOX2 and NESTIN stemness markers. Thus, LKB1-specific immunohistochemistry can potentially reveal subpopulations of stem-like cells, advancing GBM patient molecular pathology. We further analyzed the functions of LKB1 in patient-derived GBM cultures under defined serum-free conditions. Silencing of endogenous LKB1 impaired 3D-gliomasphere frequency and promoted GBM cell invasion in vitro and in the zebrafish collagenous tail after extravasation of circulating GBM cells. Moreover, loss of LKB1 function revealed mitochondrial dysfunction resulting in decreased ATP levels. Treatment with the clinically used drug metformin impaired 3D-gliomasphere formation and enhanced cytotoxicity induced by temozolomide, the primary chemotherapeutic drug against GBM. The IC50 of temozolomide in the GBM cultures was significantly decreased in the presence of metformin. This combinatorial effect was further enhanced after LKB1 silencing, which at least partially, was due to increased apoptosis. The expression of genes involved in the maintenance of tumor stemness, such as growth factors and their receptors, including members of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) family, was suppressed after LKB1 silencing. The defect in gliomasphere growth caused by LKB1 silencing was bypassed after supplementing the cells with exogenous PFDGF-BB. Our data support the parallel roles of LKB1 in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis, 3D-gliomasphere survival, and hindering migration in GBM. Thus, the natural loss of, or pharmacological interference with LKB1 function, may be associated with benefits in patient survival but could result in tumor spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Caja
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Science for Life Laboratory, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mahsa Shahidi Dadras
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Science for Life Laboratory, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Artur Mezheyeuski
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dorival Mendes Rodrigues-Junior
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Science for Life Laboratory, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sijia Liu
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Taylor Webb
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Science for Life Laboratory, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Catalina Gomez-Puerto
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Carl-Henrik Heldin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Science for Life Laboratory, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Aristidis Moustakas
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Science for Life Laboratory, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Strømme O, Heck KA, Brede G, Lindholm HT, Otterlei M, Arum CJ. Differentially Expressed Extracellular Vesicle-Contained microRNAs before and after Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumors. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:286-300. [PMID: 34199766 PMCID: PMC8929081 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is currently diagnosed and monitored by cystoscopy, a costly and invasive procedure. Potential biomarkers in urine, blood, and, more recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs), have been explored as non-invasive alternatives for diagnosis and surveillance of BC. EVs are nanovesicles secreted by most cell types containing diverse molecular cargo, including different types of small RNAs, such as microRNA (miRNA). In this study, we performed next-generation sequencing of EV-contained miRNA isolated from urine and serum of 41 patients with non-muscle invasive BC (27 stage Ta, 14 stage T1) and 15 non-cancer patients (NCP) with benign cystoscopy findings. MiRNA sequencing was also performed on serum supernatant samples for T1 patients. To identify potential BC-specific biomarkers, expression levels of miRNA in presurgery samples were compared to those at postsurgery check-ups, and to NCPs. Results showed that two miRNAs, urinary EV-contained miR-451a and miR-486-5p, were significantly upregulated in presurgery samples from T1 patients compared to postsurgery check-up samples. This was confirmed in a replica EV/RNA isolation and sequencing run of 10 T1 patients from the primary run; however, analyses revealed no differential expression of miRNAs in serum EVs, serum supernatant, or when comparing BC patients to NCPs. This is the first study to investigate EV-containing miRNA sequencing in pre- and postsurgery BC patient samples and our findings suggest that urinary EV-contained miR-451a and miR-486-5p may be potential biomarkers for recurrence-free survival of BC patients with stage T1 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaf Strømme
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (K.A.H.); (G.B.); (M.O.); (C.-J.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Kathleen A. Heck
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (K.A.H.); (G.B.); (M.O.); (C.-J.A.)
| | - Gaute Brede
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (K.A.H.); (G.B.); (M.O.); (C.-J.A.)
| | - Håvard T. Lindholm
- CEMIR—Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway;
| | - Marit Otterlei
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (K.A.H.); (G.B.); (M.O.); (C.-J.A.)
| | - Carl-Jørgen Arum
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (K.A.H.); (G.B.); (M.O.); (C.-J.A.)
- Department of Urology, St. Olav’s University Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
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14
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Nascimento A, Valadão de Souza DR, Pessôa R, Pietrobon AJ, Nukui Y, Pereira J, Casseb J, Penalva de Oliveira AC, Loureiro P, da Silva Duarte AJ, Clissa PB, Sanabani SS. Global expression of noncoding RNome reveals dysregulation of small RNAs in patients with HTLV-1-associated adult T-cell leukemia: a pilot study. Infect Agent Cancer 2021; 16:4. [PMID: 33422115 PMCID: PMC7797118 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-020-00343-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adult T cell lymphoma/leukemia (ATLL) is a peripheral T-cell neoplasm caused by human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1). Small RNAs (sRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), play a pivotal role in the initiation and development of hematological malignancies and may represent potential therapeutic target molecules. However, little is known about how these molecules impact the pathogenesis of ATLL. In this study, we aimed to identify sRNA expression signatures associated with ATLL and to investigate their potential implication in the pathophysiology of the disease. Methods Small-RNAseq analysis was performed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HTLV-1- associated ATLL (n = 10) in comparison to asymptomatic carriers (n = 8) and healthy controls (n = 5). Sequencing was carried out using the Illumina MiSeq platform, and the deregulation of selected miRNAs was validated by real-time PCR. Pathway analyses of most deregulated miRNA were performed and their global profiling was combined with transcriptome data in ATLL. Results The sequencing identified specific sRNAs signatures associated with ATLL patients that target pathways relevant in ATLL, such as the transforming growth factor-(βTGF-β), Wnt, p53, apoptosis, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades. Network analysis revealed several miRNAs regulating highly connected genes within the ATLL transcriptome. miR-451-3p was the most downregulated miRNA in active patients. Conclusions Our findings shed light on the expression of specific sRNAs in HTLV-1 associated ATLL, which may represent promising candidates as biomarkers that help monitor the disease activity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13027-020-00343-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrezza Nascimento
- Laboratory of Dermatology and Immunodeficiency, Department of Dermatology, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 470 3° andar, São Paulo, 05403 000, Brazil
| | - Daniela Raguer Valadão de Souza
- Laboratory of Dermatology and Immunodeficiency, Department of Dermatology, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 470 3° andar, São Paulo, 05403 000, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Pessôa
- Laboratory of Dermatology and Immunodeficiency, Department of Dermatology, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 470 3° andar, São Paulo, 05403 000, Brazil
| | - Anna Julia Pietrobon
- Laboratory of Dermatology and Immunodeficiency, Department of Dermatology, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 470 3° andar, São Paulo, 05403 000, Brazil
| | - Youko Nukui
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05403 000, Brazil
| | - Juliana Pereira
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05403 000, Brazil
| | - Jorge Casseb
- Laboratory of Dermatology and Immunodeficiency, Department of Dermatology, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 470 3° andar, São Paulo, 05403 000, Brazil
| | | | - Paula Loureiro
- Pernambuco State Center of Hematology and Hemotherapy, Recife, Pernambuco, CEP 52011900, Brazil
| | - Alberto José da Silva Duarte
- Laboratory of Dermatology and Immunodeficiency, Department of Dermatology, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 470 3° andar, São Paulo, 05403 000, Brazil
| | | | - Sabri Saeed Sanabani
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation Unit 03, Clinics Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05403 000, Brazil.
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Abstract
The study aims to investigate the role of viscoelastic interactions between cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) in avascular tumor growth. Computer simulations of glioma multicellular tumor spheroid (MTS) growth are being carried out for various conditions. The calculations are based on a continuous model, which simulates oxygen transport into MTS; transitions between three cell phenotypes, cell transport, conditioned by hydrostatic forces in cell–ECM composite system, cell motility and cell adhesion. Visco-elastic cell aggregation and elastic ECM scaffold represent two compressible constituents of the composite. Cell–ECM interactions form a Transition Layer on the spheroid surface, where mechanical characteristics of tumor undergo rapid transition. This layer facilitates tumor progression to a great extent. The study demonstrates strong effects of ECM stiffness, mechanical deformations of the matrix and cell–cell adhesion on tumor progression. The simulations show in particular that at certain, rather high degrees of matrix stiffness a formation of distant multicellular clusters takes place, while at further increase of ECM stiffness subtumors do not form. The model also illustrates to what extent mere mechanical properties of cell–ECM system may contribute into variations of glioma invasion scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Kalinin
- R&D Sector, Techno-Modeling Arts Ireland, Unit 8, Cul na Raithe, A91K8KR, Louth, Ireland
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16
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Kim Y, Lee D, Lawler S. Collective invasion of glioma cells through OCT1 signalling and interaction with reactive astrocytes after surgery. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 375:20190390. [PMID: 32713306 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive form of brain cancer with a short median survival time. GBM is characterized by the hallmarks of aggressive proliferation and cellular infiltration of normal brain tissue. miR-451 and its downstream molecules are known to play a pivotal role in regulation of the balance of proliferation and aggressive invasion in response to metabolic stress in the tumour microenvironment (TME). Surgery-induced transition in reactive astrocyte populations can play a significant role in tumour dynamics. In this work, we develop a multi-scale mathematical model of miR-451-LKB1-AMPK-OCT1-mTOR pathway signalling and individual cell dynamics of the tumour and reactive astrocytes after surgery. We show how the effects of fluctuating glucose on tumour cells need to be reprogrammed by taking into account the recent history of glucose variations and an AMPK/miR-451 reciprocal feedback loop. The model shows how variations in glucose availability significantly affect the activity of signalling molecules and, in turn, lead to critical cell migration. The model also predicts that microsurgery of a primary tumour induces phenotypical changes in reactive astrocytes and stem cell-like astrocytes promoting tumour cell proliferation and migration by Cxcl5. Finally, we investigated a new anti-tumour strategy by Cxcl5-targeting drugs. This article is part of the theme issue 'Multi-scale analysis and modelling of collective migration in biological systems'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangjin Kim
- Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.,Mathematical Biosciences Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Donggu Lee
- Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sean Lawler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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17
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Liang Y, Zhu D, Hou L, Wang Y, Huang X, Zhou C, Zhu L, Wang Y, Li L, Gu Y, Luo M, Wang J, Meng X. MiR-107 confers chemoresistance to colorectal cancer by targeting calcium-binding protein 39. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:705-714. [PMID: 31919406 PMCID: PMC7054533 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0703-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chemoresistance remains a critical event that accounts for colorectal cancer (CRC) lethality. The aim of this study is to explore the ability of dichloroacetate (DCA) to increase chemosensitivity in CRC and the molecular mechanisms involved. Methods The effects of combination treatment of DCA and oxaliplatin (L-OHP) were analysed both in vitro and in vivo. The DCA-responsive proteins in AMPK pathway were enriched using proteomic profiling technology. The effect of DCA on CAB39–AMPK signal pathway was analysed. In addition, miRNA expression profiles after DCA treatment were determined. The DCA-responsive miRNAs that target CAB39 were assayed. Alterations of CAB39 and miR-107 expression were performed both in vitro and on xenograft models to identify miR-107 that targets CAB39–AMPK–mTOR signalling pathway. Results DCA increased L-OHP chemosensitivity both in vivo and in vitro. DCA could upregulate CAB39 expression, which activates the AMPK/mTOR signalling pathway. CAB39 was confirmed to be a direct target of miR-107 regulated by DCA. Alterations of miR-107 expression were correlated with chemoresistance development in CRC both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion These findings suggest that the miR-107 induces chemoresistance through CAB39–AMPK–mTOR pathway in CRC cells, thus providing a promising target for overcoming chemoresistance in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Danxi Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Lidan Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Cui Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Liming Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yan Gu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Meng Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Xiangjun Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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Liu B, Cao W, Ma H. Knockdown of lncRNA LSINCT5 suppresses growth and metastasis of human glioma cells via up-regulating miR-451. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:2507-2515. [PMID: 31213092 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1626404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Glioma is a main cause of brain-cancer relevant death. The present paper designed to reveal the possible role of LSINCT5 in human glioma GL15 cells. Methods: LSINCT5 and miR-451 expression in glioma tissues was examined using qRT-PCR. The impacts of LSINCT5, miR-451 and Rac1 in GL15 cells were checked by carrying out CCK-8 assay, transwell assay, and flow cytometric analysis. Further, the target gene of LSINCT5 and miR-451 was explored. Accumulation of PI3K/AKT, Wnt/β-catenin and NF-κB pathway proteins was examined using Western blot. Results: LSINCT5 was highly expressed while miR-451 low expressed in glioma tissues when compared to normal controls. Down-regulating LSINCT5 effectively declined GL15 cells viability, migration and invasion, but accelerated apoptosis. Nonetheless, the above-mentioned effects of LSINCT5 down-regulation were weakened when miR-451 was silenced. Rac1 was a target of miR-451. The tumour-suppressive effects of miR-451 on GL15 cells were weakened when Rac1 was overexpressed. Further, LSINCT5-miR-451-Rac1 axis could impact the activation of PI3K/AKT, Wnt/β-catenin and NF-κB pathways. Conclusion: Down-regulation of LSINCT5 represses glioma cells growth and metastasis in vitro likely through targeting miR-451 and thereby inhibiting Rac1-regulated PI3K/AKT, Wnt/β-catenin and NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- a Department of Neurosurgery, Jining No.1 People's Hospital , Jining , China
| | - Wei Cao
- a Department of Neurosurgery, Jining No.1 People's Hospital , Jining , China
| | - Hui Ma
- a Department of Neurosurgery, Jining No.1 People's Hospital , Jining , China
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Dysregulation of liver developmental microRNA contribute to hepatic carcinogenesis. J Formos Med Assoc 2019; 119:1041-1051. [PMID: 31627983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2019.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE To investigate the role of microRNA (miRNA) dysregulation in liver cancer by assessing the miRNA profiles of human hepatic stem cells (HpSCs), marker-carrying human hepatoblastoma (HB) cells, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells vs. those of fetal hepatocytes. METHODS We subjected human HCC and HB tumor specimens to immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for markers of HpSCs. We analyzed the miRNA patterns of HpSCs, HCC cells, HB cells, and fetal hepatocytes using microarray analysis, with confirmation via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The roles of the miRNAs in liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) were also elucidated. RESULTS The epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) was the most prevalent HpSCs marker in human HB and HCC tumor cells and hepatoma cells. EpCAM-positive HB and HCC cells exhibited greater self-renewal and tumorigenicity than their EpCAM-negative counterparts or EpCAM-positive fetal hepatocytes. In EpCAM-positive fetal hepatocytes, miR-126 expression level increased with gestational age. The EpCAM-positive HB cells exhibited downregulation of miR-126 in comparison to EpCAM-positive fetal hepatocytes. An miR-126 mimic reduced sphere and colony formation in, and induced apoptosis of, HB cells. In comparison to EpCAM-positive fetal hepatocytes, EpCAM-positive HCC cells exhibited downregulation of miR-126, miR-144, and miR-451. Transfection of miR-126, miR-144, and miR-451 induced apoptosis of, and reduced sphere and colony formation in, HCC cells. CONCLUSION Dysregulation of liver developmental miRNAs, which exert a tumor suppressant effect, in EpCAM-positive HpSCs may contribute to liver carcinogenesis by promoting the transformation of HpSCs to CSCs of HB and HCC.
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20
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Jung E, de los Reyes V AA, Pumares KJA, Kim Y. Strategies in regulating glioblastoma signaling pathways and anti-invasion therapy. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215547. [PMID: 31009513 PMCID: PMC6476530 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is one of the most invasive type of glial tumors, which rapidly grows and commonly spreads into nearby brain tissue. It is a devastating brain cancer that often results in death within approximately 12 to 15 months after diagnosis. In this work, optimal control theory was applied to regulate intracellular signaling pathways of miR-451–AMPK–mTOR–cell cycle dynamics via glucose and drug intravenous administration infusions. Glucose level is controlled to activate miR-451 in the up-stream pathway of the model. A potential drug blocking the inhibitory pathway of mTOR by AMPK complex is incorporated to explore regulation of the down-stream pathway to the cell cycle. Both miR-451 and mTOR levels are up-regulated inducing cell proliferation and reducing invasion in the neighboring tissues. Concomitant and alternating glucose and drug infusions are explored under various circumstances to predict best clinical outcomes with least administration costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunok Jung
- Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Aurelio A. de los Reyes V
- Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Mathematics, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Kurt Jan A. Pumares
- Institute of Mathematics, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Yangjin Kim
- Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Mathematical Biosciences Institute and Department of Mathematics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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21
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Zhou J, Guo H, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Liu H. A meta-analysis on the prognosis of exosomal miRNAs in all solid tumor patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e15335. [PMID: 31008992 PMCID: PMC6494361 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000015335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been reported that the encapsulated miRNAs from exosomes are potential biomarkers of tumors prognosis. Yet, the results are controversial, so it is obliged to do a meta-analysis to reach a definite conclusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS Studies were searched for published in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases until April 20, 2018. A meta-analysis was conducted to appraise the role of exosomal miRNAs in prognosis of cancer patients. RESULTS The different exosomal miRNAs expression was remarkably related to overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.02, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.84-2.21) and disease-free survival (DFS) (HR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.86-3.17) of cancer patients. High exosomal miR-21 expression was associated with poor OS (HR = 2.59; 95% CI: 1.71-3.90) and DFS (HR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.37-2.47). High exosomal miR-451a expression was associated with poor OS (HR = 4.81; 95% CI: 2.33-9.93) and DFS (HR = 2.64; 95% CI: 1.62-4.31). High exosomal miR-1290 expression was associated with poor OS (HR = 1.73; 95% CI: 1.29-2.33). Low exosomal miR-638 expression was associated with poor OS (HR = 2.25; 95% CI: 1.46-3.46). CONCLUSION The expression levels of exosomal miRNAs, particularly miR-21, miR-451a, miR-1290, and miR-638 could strongly predict prognosis of solid tumor patients and might be a potential target for tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hui Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi Province, China
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MicroRNA-451 Inhibits Migration of Glioblastoma while Making It More Susceptible to Conventional Therapy. Noncoding RNA 2019; 5:ncrna5010025. [PMID: 30875963 PMCID: PMC6468936 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna5010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant glioblastoma (GBM, glioma) is the most common and aggressive primary adult brain tumor. The prognosis of GBM patients remains poor, despite surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. The major obstacles for successful remedy are invasiveness and therapy resistance of GBM cells. Invasive glioma cells leave primary tumor core and infiltrate surrounding normal brain leading to inevitable recurrence, even after surgical resection, radiation and chemotherapy. Therapy resistance allowing for selection of more aggressive and resistant sub-populations including GBM stem-like cells (GSCs) upon treatment is another serious impediment to successful treatment. Through their regulation of multiple genes, microRNAs can orchestrate complex programs of gene expression and act as master regulators of cellular processes. MicroRNA-based therapeutics could thus impact broad cellular programs, leading to inhibition of invasion and sensitization to radio/chemotherapy. Our data show that miR-451 attenuates glioma cell migration in vitro and invasion in vivo. In addition, we have found that miR-451 sensitizes glioma cells to conventional chemo- and radio-therapy. Our data also show that miR-451 is regulated in vivo by AMPK pathway and that AMPK/miR-451 loop has the ability to switch between proliferative and migratory pattern of glioma cells behavior. We therefore postulate that AMPK/miR-451 negative reciprocal feedback loop allows GBM cells/GSCs to adapt to tumor “ecosystem” by metabolic and behavioral flexibility, and that disruption of such a loop reduces invasiveness and diminishes therapy resistance.
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Kim Y, Lee J, Lee D, Othmer HG. Synergistic Effects of Bortezomib-OV Therapy and Anti-Invasive Strategies in Glioblastoma: A Mathematical Model. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E215. [PMID: 30781871 PMCID: PMC6406513 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11020215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well-known that the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in the regulation of tumor growth and the efficacy of anti-tumor therapies. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of combination therapies, using oncolytic viruses (OVs) in conjunction with proteosome inhibitors for the treatment of glioblastoma, but the role of the TME in such therapies has not been studied. In this paper, we develop a mathematical model for combination therapies based on the proteosome inhibitor bortezomib and the oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV), with the goal of understanding their roles in bortezomib-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and how the balance between apoptosis and necroptosis is affected by the treatment protocol. We show that the TME plays a significant role in anti-tumor efficacy in OV combination therapy, and illustrate the effect of different spatial patterns of OV injection. The results illustrate a possible phenotypic switch within tumor populations in a given microenvironment, and suggest new anti-invasion therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangjin Kim
- Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Junho Lee
- Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Donggu Lee
- Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Hans G Othmer
- School of Mathematics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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Kim Y, Lee D, Lee J, Lee S, Lawler S. Role of tumor-associated neutrophils in regulation of tumor growth in lung cancer development: A mathematical model. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211041. [PMID: 30689655 PMCID: PMC6349324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils display rapid and potent innate immune responses in various diseases. Tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) however either induce or overcome immunosuppressive functions of the tumor microenvironment through complex tumor-stroma crosstalk. We developed a mathematical model to address the question of how phenotypic alterations between tumor suppressive N1 TANS, and tumor promoting N2 TANs affect nonlinear tumor growth in a complex tumor microenvironment. The model provides a visual display of the complex behavior of populations of TANs and tumors in response to various TGF-β and IFN-β stimuli. In addition, the effect of anti-tumor drug administration is incorporated in the model in an effort to achieve optimal anti-tumor efficacy. The simulation results from the mathematical model were in good agreement with experimental data. We found that the N2-to-N1 ratio (N21R) index is positively correlated with aggressive tumor growth, suggesting that this may be a good prognostic factor. We also found that the antitumor efficacy increases when the relative ratio (Dap) of delayed apoptotic cell death of N1 and N2 TANs is either very small or relatively large, providing a basis for therapeutically targeting prometastatic N2 TANs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangjin Kim
- Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Mathematical Biosciences Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Donggu Lee
- Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Lee
- Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongwon Lee
- Division of Mathematical Models, National Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sean Lawler
- Department of neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School & Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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25
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Zhao C, Zhang Y, Popel AS. Mechanistic Computational Models of MicroRNA-Mediated Signaling Networks in Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E421. [PMID: 30669429 PMCID: PMC6358731 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) are endogenous non-coding RNA molecules that play important roles in human health and disease by regulating gene expression and cellular processes. In recent years, with the increasing scientific knowledge and new discovery of miRs and their gene targets, as well as the plentiful experimental evidence that shows dysregulation of miRs in a wide variety of human diseases, the computational modeling approach has emerged as an effective tool to help researchers identify novel functional associations between differential miR expression and diseases, dissect the phenotypic expression patterns of miRs in gene regulatory networks, and elucidate the critical roles of miRs in the modulation of disease pathways from mechanistic and quantitative perspectives. Here we will review the recent systems biology studies that employed different kinetic modeling techniques to provide mechanistic insights relating to the regulatory function and therapeutic potential of miRs in human diseases. Some of the key computational aspects to be discussed in detail in this review include (i) models of miR-mediated network motifs in the regulation of gene expression, (ii) models of miR biogenesis and miR⁻target interactions, and (iii) the incorporation of such models into complex disease pathways in order to generate mechanistic, molecular- and systems-level understanding of pathophysiology. Other related bioinformatics tools such as computational platforms that predict miR-disease associations will also be discussed, and we will provide perspectives on the challenges and opportunities in the future development and translational application of data-driven systems biology models that involve miRs and their regulatory pathways in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Aleksander S Popel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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26
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Kim Y, Kang H, Powathil G, Kim H, Trucu D, Lee W, Lawler S, Chaplain M. Role of extracellular matrix and microenvironment in regulation of tumor growth and LAR-mediated invasion in glioblastoma. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204865. [PMID: 30286133 PMCID: PMC6171904 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The cellular dispersion and therapeutic control of glioblastoma, the most aggressive type of primary brain cancer, depends critically on the migration patterns after surgery and intracellular responses of the individual cancer cells in response to external biochemical cues in the microenvironment. Recent studies have shown that miR-451 regulates downstream molecules including AMPK/CAB39/MARK and mTOR to determine the balance between rapid proliferation and invasion in response to metabolic stress in the harsh tumor microenvironment. Surgical removal of the main tumor is inevitably followed by recurrence of the tumor due to inaccessibility of dispersed tumor cells in normal brain tissue. In order to address this complex process of cell proliferation and invasion and its response to conventional treatment, we propose a mathematical model that analyzes the intracellular dynamics of the miR-451-AMPK- mTOR-cell cycle signaling pathway within a cell. The model identifies a key mechanism underlying the molecular switches between proliferative phase and migratory phase in response to metabolic stress in response to fluctuating glucose levels. We show how up- or down-regulation of components in these pathways affects the key cellular decision to infiltrate or proliferate in a complex microenvironment in the absence and presence of time delays and stochastic noise. Glycosylated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs), a major component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the brain, contribute to the physical structure of the local brain microenvironment but also induce or inhibit glioma invasion by regulating the dynamics of the CSPG receptor LAR as well as the spatiotemporal activation status of resident astrocytes and tumor-associated microglia. Using a multi-scale mathematical model, we investigate a CSPG-induced switch between invasive and non-invasive tumors through the coordination of ECM-cell adhesion and dynamic changes in stromal cells. We show that the CSPG-rich microenvironment is associated with non-invasive tumor lesions through LAR-CSGAG binding while the absence of glycosylated CSPGs induce the critical glioma invasion. We illustrate how high molecular weight CSPGs can regulate the exodus of local reactive astrocytes from the main tumor lesion, leading to encapsulation of non-invasive tumor and inhibition of tumor invasion. These different CSPG conditions also change the spatial profiles of ramified and activated microglia. The complex distribution of CSPGs in the tumor microenvironment can determine the nonlinear invasion behaviors of glioma cells, which suggests the need for careful therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangjin Kim
- Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Mathematical Biosciences Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Hyunji Kang
- Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gibin Powathil
- Department of Mathematics, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Hyeongi Kim
- Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dumitru Trucu
- Division of Mathematics, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Wanho Lee
- National Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sean Lawler
- Department of neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Mark Chaplain
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Mathematical Institute, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
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27
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Alfonso JCL, Talkenberger K, Seifert M, Klink B, Hawkins-Daarud A, Swanson KR, Hatzikirou H, Deutsch A. The biology and mathematical modelling of glioma invasion: a review. J R Soc Interface 2018; 14:rsif.2017.0490. [PMID: 29118112 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2017.0490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult gliomas are aggressive brain tumours associated with low patient survival rates and limited life expectancy. The most important hallmark of this type of tumour is its invasive behaviour, characterized by a markedly phenotypic plasticity, infiltrative tumour morphologies and the ability of malignant progression from low- to high-grade tumour types. Indeed, the widespread infiltration of healthy brain tissue by glioma cells is largely responsible for poor prognosis and the difficulty of finding curative therapies. Meanwhile, mathematical models have been established to analyse potential mechanisms of glioma invasion. In this review, we start with a brief introduction to current biological knowledge about glioma invasion, and then critically review and highlight future challenges for mathematical models of glioma invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C L Alfonso
- Department of Systems Immunology and Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.,Centre for Information Services and High Performance Computing, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - K Talkenberger
- Centre for Information Services and High Performance Computing, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - M Seifert
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany
| | - B Klink
- Institute for Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Hawkins-Daarud
- Precision Neurotherapeutics Innovation Program, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - K R Swanson
- Precision Neurotherapeutics Innovation Program, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - H Hatzikirou
- Department of Systems Immunology and Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.,Centre for Information Services and High Performance Computing, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - A Deutsch
- Centre for Information Services and High Performance Computing, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
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28
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Lee W, Lim S, Kim Y. The role of myosin II in glioma invasion: A mathematical model. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171312. [PMID: 28166231 PMCID: PMC5293275 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are malignant tumors that are commonly observed in primary brain cancer. Glioma cells migrate through a dense network of normal cells in microenvironment and spread long distances within brain. In this paper we present a two-dimensional multiscale model in which a glioma cell is surrounded by normal cells and its migration is controlled by cell-mechanical components in the microenvironment via the regulation of myosin II in response to chemoattractants. Our simulation results show that the myosin II plays a key role in the deformation of the cell nucleus as the glioma cell passes through the narrow intercellular space smaller than its nuclear diameter. We also demonstrate that the coordination of biochemical and mechanical components within the cell enables a glioma cell to take the mode of amoeboid migration. This study sheds lights on the understanding of glioma infiltration through the narrow intercellular spaces and may provide a potential approach for the development of anti-invasion strategies via the injection of chemoattractants for localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanho Lee
- National Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Daejeon, 34047, Republic of Korea
| | - Sookkyung Lim
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, United States of America
| | - Yangjin Kim
- Mathematical Biosciences Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States of America
- Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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29
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Lai X, Friedman A. Exosomal microRNA concentrations in colorectal cancer: A mathematical model. J Theor Biol 2017; 415:70-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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30
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Lai X, Friedman A. Exosomal miRs in Lung Cancer: A Mathematical Model. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167706. [PMID: 28002496 PMCID: PMC5176278 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer, primarily non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), is the leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States and worldwide. While early detection significantly improves five-year survival, there are no reliable diagnostic tools for early detection. Several exosomal microRNAs (miRs) are overexpressed in NSCLC, and have been suggested as potential biomarkers for early detection. The present paper develops a mathematical model for early stage of NSCLC with emphasis on the role of the three highest overexpressed miRs, namely miR-21, miR-205 and miR-155. Simulations of the model provide quantitative relationships between the tumor volume and the total mass of each of the above miRs in the tumor. Because of the positive correlation between these miRs in the tumor tissue and in the blood, the results of the paper may be viewed as a first step toward establishing a combination of miRs 21, 205, 155 and possibly other miRs as serum biomarkers for early detection of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulan Lai
- Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Renmin University of China, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Avner Friedman
- Mathematical Bioscience Institute & Department of Mathematics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
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31
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Lai X, Wolkenhauer O, Vera J. Understanding microRNA-mediated gene regulatory networks through mathematical modelling. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:6019-35. [PMID: 27317695 PMCID: PMC5291278 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) has added a new player to the regulation of gene expression. With the increasing number of molecular species involved in gene regulatory networks, it is hard to obtain an intuitive understanding of network dynamics. Mathematical modelling can help dissecting the role of miRNAs in gene regulatory networks, and we shall here review the most recent developments that utilise different mathematical modelling approaches to provide quantitative insights into the function of miRNAs in the regulation of gene expression. Key miRNA regulation features that have been elucidated via modelling include: (i) the role of miRNA-mediated feedback and feedforward loops in fine-tuning of gene expression; (ii) the miRNA–target interaction properties determining the effectiveness of miRNA-mediated gene repression; and (iii) the competition for shared miRNAs leading to the cross-regulation of genes. However, there is still lack of mechanistic understanding of many other properties of miRNA regulation like unconventional miRNA–target interactions, miRNA regulation at different sub-cellular locations and functional miRNA variant, which will need future modelling efforts to deal with. This review provides an overview of recent developments and challenges in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lai
- Laboratory of Systems Tumour Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Erlangen University Hospital and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Olaf Wolkenhauer
- Department of Systems Biology & Bioinformatics, University of Rostock, Rostock, 18051, Germany Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study, Wallenberg Research Centre at Stellenbosch University, 7600, South Africa
| | - Julio Vera
- Laboratory of Systems Tumour Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Erlangen University Hospital and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
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32
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Gomez IG, Nakagawa N, Duffield JS. MicroRNAs as novel therapeutic targets to treat kidney injury and fibrosis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 310:F931-44. [PMID: 26911854 PMCID: PMC5002060 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00523.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs), a class of small noncoding RNAs that act as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, have attracted increasing attention as critical regulators of organogenesis, cancer, and disease. Interest has been spurred by development of a novel class of synthetic RNA oligonucleotides with excellent drug-like properties that hybridize to a specific miR, preventing its action. In kidney disease, a small number of miRs are dysregulated. These overlap with regulated miRs in nephrogenesis and kidney cancers. Several dysregulated miRs have been identified in fibrotic diseases of other organs, representing a "fibrotic signature," and some of these fibrotic miRs contribute remarkably to the pathogenesis of kidney disease. Chronic kidney disease, affecting ∼10% of the population, leads to kidney failure, with few treatment options. Here, we will explore the pathological mechanism of miR-21, whose pre-eminent role in amplifying kidney disease and fibrosis by suppressing mitochondrial biogenesis and function is established. Evolving roles for miR-214, -199, -200, -155, -29, -223, and -126 in kidney disease will be discussed, and we will demonstrate how studying functions of distinct miRs has led to new mechanistic insights for kidney disease progression. Finally, the utility of anti-miR oligonucleotides as potential novel therapeutics to treat chronic disease will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan G Gomez
- Research and Development, Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Nephrology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and
| | - Naoki Nakagawa
- Division of Nephrology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Division of Nephrology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Jeremy S Duffield
- Research and Development, Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Nephrology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and
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de Los Reyes V AA, Jung E, Kim Y. Optimal control strategies of eradicating invisible glioblastoma cells after conventional surgery. J R Soc Interface 2016; 12:rsif.2014.1392. [PMID: 25833239 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2014.1392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma, the most aggressive type of brain cancer, has median survival time of 1 year after diagnosis. It is characterized by alternating modes of rapid proliferation and aggressive invasion in response to metabolic stress in the microenvironment. A particular microRNA, miR-451, and its downstream signalling molecules, AMPK complex, are known to be key determinants in switching cell fate. These components form a core control system determining a balance between cell growth and migration which is regulated by fluctuating glucose levels in the microenvironment. An important factor from the treatment point of view is that low levels of glucose affect metabolism and activate cell migration through the miR-451-AMPK control system, creating 'invisible' migratory cells and making them inaccessible by conventional surgery. In this work, we apply optimal control theory to deal with the problem of maintaining upregulated miR-451 levels that prevent cell infiltration to surrounding brain tissue and thus induce localization of these cancer cells at the surgical site. The model also considers the effect of a drug that blocks inhibitive pathways of miR-451 from AMPK complex. Glucose infusion control and drug infusion control are chosen to represent dose rates of glucose and drug intravenous administrations, respectively. The characteristics of optimal control lead us to investigate the structure of optimal intravenous infusion regimen under various circumstances and predict best clinical outcomes with minimum expense possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelio A de Los Reyes V
- Institute of Mathematics, C.P. Garcia Street, U.P. Campus, Diliman, 1101 Quezon City, Philippines Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunok Jung
- Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yangjin Kim
- Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143701, Republic of Korea Department of Mathematics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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34
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Kim Y, Othmer HG. Hybrid models of cell and tissue dynamics in tumor growth. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2015; 12:1141-56. [PMID: 26775860 PMCID: PMC6437769 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2015.12.1141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid models of tumor growth, in which some regions are described at the cell level and others at the continuum level, provide a flexible description that allows alterations of cell-level properties and detailed descriptions of the interaction with the tumor environment, yet retain the computational advantages of continuum models where appropriate. We review aspects of the general approach and discuss applications to breast cancer and glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangjin Kim
- Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea.
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35
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Engwer C, Hunt A, Surulescu C. Effective equations for anisotropic glioma spread with proliferation: a multiscale approach and comparisons with previous settings. MATHEMATICAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY-A JOURNAL OF THE IMA 2015; 33:435-459. [DOI: 10.1093/imammb/dqv030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Böttger K, Hatzikirou H, Voss-Böhme A, Cavalcanti-Adam EA, Herrero MA, Deutsch A. An Emerging Allee Effect Is Critical for Tumor Initiation and Persistence. PLoS Comput Biol 2015; 11:e1004366. [PMID: 26335202 PMCID: PMC4559422 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells develop different strategies to cope with changing microenvironmental conditions. A prominent example is the adaptive phenotypic switching between cell migration and proliferation. While it has been shown that the migration-proliferation plasticity influences tumor spread, it remains unclear how this particular phenotypic plasticity affects overall tumor growth, in particular initiation and persistence. To address this problem, we formulate and study a mathematical model of spatio-temporal tumor dynamics which incorporates the microenvironmental influence through a local cell density dependence. Our analysis reveals that two dynamic regimes can be distinguished. If cell motility is allowed to increase with local cell density, any tumor cell population will persist in time, irrespective of its initial size. On the contrary, if cell motility is assumed to decrease with respect to local cell density, any tumor population below a certain size threshold will eventually extinguish, a fact usually termed as Allee effect in ecology. These results suggest that strategies aimed at modulating migration are worth to be explored as alternatives to those mainly focused at keeping tumor proliferation under control. Controlling tumor growth remains a major medical challenge. Current clinical therapies focus on strategies to reduce tumor cell proliferation. However, during tumor progression, tumor cells may switch between proliferative and migratory behaviors, thereby allowing adaptation to microenvironmental changes that result in variations in local tumor cell density. We herein explore by means of a mathematical model the impact of migration-proliferation plasticity on tumor initiation and persistence. Our work suggests that small tumors can become extinct solely by their intrinsic cell population dynamics if cell motility decreases along with local cell density. In contrast, if cell motility increases with cell density, the tumor inevitably grows. Our model suggests that the regulation of cell migration plays a key role in tumor growth as a whole, making this feature a potential target for clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Böttger
- Center for Information Services and High Performance Computing, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Anja Voss-Böhme
- Center for Information Services and High Performance Computing, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elisabetta Ada Cavalcanti-Adam
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Miguel A. Herrero
- Departamento de Matemática Aplicada, Facultad de Matemáticas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andreas Deutsch
- Center for Information Services and High Performance Computing, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Martirosyan NL, Rutter EM, Ramey WL, Kostelich EJ, Kuang Y, Preul MC. Mathematically modeling the biological properties of gliomas: A review. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2015; 12:879-905. [PMID: 25974347 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2015.12.879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Although mathematical modeling is a mainstay for industrial and many scientific studies, such approaches have found little application in neurosurgery. However, the fusion of biological studies and applied mathematics is rapidly changing this environment, especially for cancer research. This review focuses on the exciting potential for mathematical models to provide new avenues for studying the growth of gliomas to practical use. In vitro studies are often used to simulate the effects of specific model parameters that would be difficult in a larger-scale model. With regard to glioma invasive properties, metabolic and vascular attributes can be modeled to gain insight into the infiltrative mechanisms that are attributable to the tumor's aggressive behavior. Morphologically, gliomas show different characteristics that may allow their growth stage and invasive properties to be predicted, and models continue to offer insight about how these attributes are manifested visually. Recent studies have attempted to predict the efficacy of certain treatment modalities and exactly how they should be administered relative to each other. Imaging is also a crucial component in simulating clinically relevant tumors and their influence on the surrounding anatomical structures in the brain.
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Banerjee S, Khajanchi S, Chaudhuri S. A mathematical model to elucidate brain tumor abrogation by immunotherapy with T11 target structure. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123611. [PMID: 25955428 PMCID: PMC4425651 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
T11 Target structure (T11TS), a membrane glycoprotein isolated from sheep erythrocytes, reverses the immune suppressed state of brain tumor induced animals by boosting the functional status of the immune cells. This study aims at aiding in the design of more efficacious brain tumor therapies with T11 target structure. We propose a mathematical model for brain tumor (glioma) and the immune system interactions, which aims in designing efficacious brain tumor therapy. The model encompasses considerations of the interactive dynamics of glioma cells, macrophages, cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CD8+ T-cells), TGF-β, IFN-γ and the T11TS. The system undergoes sensitivity analysis, that determines which state variables are sensitive to the given parameters and the parameters are estimated from the published data. Computer simulations were used for model verification and validation, which highlight the importance of T11 target structure in brain tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Banerjee
- Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee - 247667, Uttaranchal, India
| | - Subhas Khajanchi
- Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee - 247667, Uttaranchal, India
| | - Swapna Chaudhuri
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata-700073, West Bengal, India
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Jacobsen K, Russell L, Kaur B, Friedman A. Effects of CCN1 and Macrophage Content on Glioma Virotherapy: A Mathematical Model. Bull Math Biol 2015; 77:984-1012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11538-015-0074-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Kim Y, Powathil G, Kang H, Trucu D, Kim H, Lawler S, Chaplain M. Strategies of eradicating glioma cells: a multi-scale mathematical model with MiR-451-AMPK-mTOR control. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0114370. [PMID: 25629604 PMCID: PMC4309536 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The cellular dispersion and therapeutic control of glioblastoma, the most aggressive type of primary brain cancer, depends critically on the migration patterns after surgery and intracellular responses of the individual cancer cells in response to external biochemical and biomechanical cues in the microenvironment. Recent studies have shown that a particular microRNA, miR-451, regulates downstream molecules including AMPK and mTOR to determine the balance between rapid proliferation and invasion in response to metabolic stress in the harsh tumor microenvironment. Surgical removal of main tumor is inevitably followed by recurrence of the tumor due to inaccessibility of dispersed tumor cells in normal brain tissue. In order to address this multi-scale nature of glioblastoma proliferation and invasion and its response to conventional treatment, we propose a hybrid model of glioblastoma that analyses spatio-temporal dynamics at the cellular level, linking individual tumor cells with the macroscopic behaviour of cell organization and the microenvironment, and with the intracellular dynamics of miR-451-AMPK-mTOR signaling within a tumour cell. The model identifies a key mechanism underlying the molecular switches between proliferative phase and migratory phase in response to metabolic stress and biophysical interaction between cells in response to fluctuating glucose levels in the presence of blood vessels (BVs). The model predicts that cell migration, therefore efficacy of the treatment, not only depends on oxygen and glucose availability but also on the relative balance between random motility and strength of chemoattractants. Effective control of growing cells near BV sites in addition to relocalization of invisible migratory cells back to the resection site was suggested as a way of eradicating these migratory cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangjin Kim
- Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mathematics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- * E-mail:
| | - Gibin Powathil
- Division of Mathematics, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
- Department of Mathematics, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Hyunji Kang
- Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dumitru Trucu
- Division of Mathematics, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Hyeongi Kim
- Department of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sean Lawler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115, USA
| | - Mark Chaplain
- Division of Mathematics, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
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Kuwabara Y, Horie T, Baba O, Watanabe S, Nishiga M, Usami S, Izuhara M, Nakao T, Nishino T, Otsu K, Kita T, Kimura T, Ono K. MicroRNA-451 exacerbates lipotoxicity in cardiac myocytes and high-fat diet-induced cardiac hypertrophy in mice through suppression of the LKB1/AMPK pathway. Circ Res 2014; 116:279-88. [PMID: 25362209 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.304707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE In some patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) without hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy and attenuated cardiac function are observed, and this insult is termed diabetic cardiomyopathy. To date, microRNA (miRNAs or miR) functions in diabetic cardiomyopathy remain to be elucidated. OBJECTIVE To clarify the functions of miRNAs involved in diabetic cardiomyopathy caused by type 2 DM. METHODS AND RESULTS C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 20 weeks, which induced obesity and type 2 DM. miRNA microarray analyses and real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that miR-451 levels were significantly increased in the type 2 DM mouse hearts. Because excess supply of saturated fatty acids is a cause of diabetic cardiomyopathy, we stimulated neonatal rat cardiac myocytes with palmitic acid and confirmed that miR-451 expression was increased in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Loss of miR-451 function ameliorated palmitate-induced lipotoxicity in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. Calcium-binding protein 39 (Cab39) is a scaffold protein of liver kinase B1 (LKB1), an upstream kinase of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Cab39 was a direct target of miR-451 in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes and Cab39 overexpression rescued the lipotoxicity. To clarify miR-451 functions in vivo, we generated cardiomyocyte-specific miR-451 knockout mice. HFD-induced cardiac hypertrophy and contractile reserves were ameliorated in cardiomyocyte-specific miR-451 knockout mice compared with control mice. Protein levels of Cab39 and phosphorylated AMPK were increased and phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) was reduced in cardiomyocyte-specific miR-451 knockout mouse hearts compared with control mouse hearts. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that miR-451 is involved in diabetic cardiomyopathy through suppression of the LKB1/AMPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhide Kuwabara
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (Y.K., T.H., O.B., S.W., M.N., S.U., M.I., T. Nakao, T. Nishino, T.Kimura., K.Ono.); Cardiovascular Division, The James Black Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (K.Otsu.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan (T.Kita.)
| | - Takahiro Horie
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (Y.K., T.H., O.B., S.W., M.N., S.U., M.I., T. Nakao, T. Nishino, T.Kimura., K.Ono.); Cardiovascular Division, The James Black Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (K.Otsu.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan (T.Kita.)
| | - Osamu Baba
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (Y.K., T.H., O.B., S.W., M.N., S.U., M.I., T. Nakao, T. Nishino, T.Kimura., K.Ono.); Cardiovascular Division, The James Black Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (K.Otsu.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan (T.Kita.)
| | - Shin Watanabe
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (Y.K., T.H., O.B., S.W., M.N., S.U., M.I., T. Nakao, T. Nishino, T.Kimura., K.Ono.); Cardiovascular Division, The James Black Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (K.Otsu.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan (T.Kita.)
| | - Masataka Nishiga
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (Y.K., T.H., O.B., S.W., M.N., S.U., M.I., T. Nakao, T. Nishino, T.Kimura., K.Ono.); Cardiovascular Division, The James Black Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (K.Otsu.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan (T.Kita.)
| | - Shunsuke Usami
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (Y.K., T.H., O.B., S.W., M.N., S.U., M.I., T. Nakao, T. Nishino, T.Kimura., K.Ono.); Cardiovascular Division, The James Black Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (K.Otsu.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan (T.Kita.)
| | - Masayasu Izuhara
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (Y.K., T.H., O.B., S.W., M.N., S.U., M.I., T. Nakao, T. Nishino, T.Kimura., K.Ono.); Cardiovascular Division, The James Black Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (K.Otsu.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan (T.Kita.)
| | - Tetsushi Nakao
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (Y.K., T.H., O.B., S.W., M.N., S.U., M.I., T. Nakao, T. Nishino, T.Kimura., K.Ono.); Cardiovascular Division, The James Black Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (K.Otsu.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan (T.Kita.)
| | - Tomohiro Nishino
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (Y.K., T.H., O.B., S.W., M.N., S.U., M.I., T. Nakao, T. Nishino, T.Kimura., K.Ono.); Cardiovascular Division, The James Black Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (K.Otsu.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan (T.Kita.)
| | - Kinya Otsu
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (Y.K., T.H., O.B., S.W., M.N., S.U., M.I., T. Nakao, T. Nishino, T.Kimura., K.Ono.); Cardiovascular Division, The James Black Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (K.Otsu.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan (T.Kita.)
| | - Toru Kita
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (Y.K., T.H., O.B., S.W., M.N., S.U., M.I., T. Nakao, T. Nishino, T.Kimura., K.Ono.); Cardiovascular Division, The James Black Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (K.Otsu.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan (T.Kita.)
| | - Takeshi Kimura
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (Y.K., T.H., O.B., S.W., M.N., S.U., M.I., T. Nakao, T. Nishino, T.Kimura., K.Ono.); Cardiovascular Division, The James Black Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (K.Otsu.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan (T.Kita.)
| | - Koh Ono
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (Y.K., T.H., O.B., S.W., M.N., S.U., M.I., T. Nakao, T. Nishino, T.Kimura., K.Ono.); Cardiovascular Division, The James Black Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (K.Otsu.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan (T.Kita.).
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Bao B, Azmi AS, Ali S, Zaiem F, Sarkar FH. Metformin may function as anti-cancer agent via targeting cancer stem cells: the potential biological significance of tumor-associated miRNAs in breast and pancreatic cancers. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2014; 2:59. [PMID: 25333034 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2014.06.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metformin is one of the most used diabetic drugs for the management of type II diabetes mellitus (DM) in the world. Increased numbers of epidemiological and clinical studies have provided convincing evidence supporting the role of metformin in the development and progression of a variety of human tumors including breast and pancreatic cancer. Substantial pre-clinical evidence from in vitro and in vivo experimental studies strongly suggests that metformin has an anti-cancer activity mediated through the regulation of several cell signaling pathways including activation of AMP kinase (AMPK), and other direct and indirect mechanisms; however, the detailed mechanism(s) has not yet been fully understood. The concept of cancer stem cells (CSCs) has gained significant attention in recent years due its identification and defining its clinical implications in many different tumors including breast cancer and pancreatic cancer. In this review, we will discuss the protective role of metformin in the development of breast and pancreatic cancers. We will further discuss the role of metformin as an anti-cancer agent, which is in part mediated through targeting CSCs. Finally, we will discuss the potential role of metformin in the modulation of tumor-associated or CSC-associated microRNAs (miRNAs) as part of the novel mechanism of action of metformin in the development and progression of breast and pancreatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Bao
- 1 Department of Pathology, 2 Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- 1 Department of Pathology, 2 Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Shadan Ali
- 1 Department of Pathology, 2 Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Feras Zaiem
- 1 Department of Pathology, 2 Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Fazlul H Sarkar
- 1 Department of Pathology, 2 Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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Zeng T, Peng L, Chao C, Fu B, Wang G, Wang Y, Zhu X. miR-451 inhibits invasion and proliferation of bladder cancer by regulating EMT. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2014; 7:7653-7662. [PMID: 25550801 PMCID: PMC4270518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been reported play a crucial role in some tumors. In order to investigate the association of miR-451 with bladder cancer, we investigate the expression of miR-451 in bladder cancer tissues and its role in biological behavior of T24, 5637 and J28 bladder cancer cell lines. Quantitative RT-PCR results showed miR-451 was significantly down-regulated in bladder cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues compared with normal bladder tissues. miR-451 expression was significantly associated with histological differentiation degree and TNM stage. Over-expression of miR-451 was established by transfecting miR-451 mimics into T24, 5637 and J28 cells, and its effects on the biological behavior of bladder cancer were studied using transwell assay, migration assay, adhesion assay, MTT and flow cytometry. Results indicated over-expression of miR-451 significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion and induced apoptosis of the bladder cancer cells. Furthermore, we investigated the expression level of EMT related proteins in transfected 5637 cells by western blot. Results shown E-cadherin was up-regulated more significantly than N-cadherin, vimentin and Snail. N-cadherin and vimentin were up-regulated significantly when miR-451 was inhibited in miR-451 inhibitor group, however, no significant changes in mimics group. In conclusion, miR451 should be a tumor-suppressing gene in bladder cancer. miR-451 could maintain the bladder tumor cells in epithelial phenotype, inhibit EMT process, thereby reducing the invasion and migration of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zeng
- School of Medicine, Nanchang UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Department of Urology, The People’s Hospital of Jiangxi ProvinceNanchang, PR China
| | - Lifen Peng
- Department of E.N.T., The People’s Hospital of Jiangxi ProvinceNanchang, PR China
| | - Chaohai Chao
- School of Medicine, Nanchang UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Bin Fu
- Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Gongxian Wang
- Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Yibing Wang
- Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Xinshen Zhu
- Department of Urology, The People’s Hospital of Jiangxi ProvinceNanchang, PR China
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Zadran S, Remacle F, Levine R. Surprisal analysis of Glioblastoma Multiform (GBM) microRNA dynamics unveils tumor specific phenotype. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108171. [PMID: 25265448 PMCID: PMC4180445 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomablastoma multiform (GBM) is the most fatal form of all brain cancers in humans. Currently there are limited diagnostic tools for GBM detection. Here, we applied surprisal analysis, a theory grounded in thermodynamics, to unveil how biomolecule energetics, specifically a redistribution of free energy amongst microRNAs (miRNAs), results in a system deviating from a non-cancer state to the GBM cancer -specific phenotypic state. Utilizing global miRNA microarray expression data of normal and GBM patients tumors, surprisal analysis characterizes a miRNA system response capable of distinguishing GBM samples from normal tissue biopsy samples. We indicate that the miRNAs contributing to this system behavior is a disease phenotypic state specific to GBM and is therefore a unique GBM-specific thermodynamic signature. MiRNAs implicated in the regulation of stochastic signaling processes crucial in the hallmarks of human cancer, dominate this GBM-cancer phenotypic state. With this theory, we were able to distinguish with high fidelity GBM patients solely by monitoring the dynamics of miRNAs present in patients' biopsy samples. We anticipate that the GBM-specific thermodynamic signature will provide a critical translational tool in better characterizing cancer types and in the development of future therapeutics for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohila Zadran
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | | | - Raphael Levine
- Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging and Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Institute of Chemistry, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Kim Y, Lee HG, Dmitrieva N, Kim J, Kaur B, Friedman A. Choindroitinase ABC I-mediated enhancement of oncolytic virus spread and anti tumor efficacy: a mathematical model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102499. [PMID: 25047810 PMCID: PMC4105445 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses are genetically engineered viruses that are designed to kill cancer cells while doing minimal damage to normal healthy tissue. After being injected into a tumor, they infect cancer cells, multiply inside them, and when a cancer cell is killed they move on to spread and infect other cancer cells. Chondroitinase ABC (Chase-ABC) is a bacterial enzyme that can remove a major glioma ECM component, chondroitin sulfate glycosoamino glycans from proteoglycans without any deleterious effects in vivo. It has been shown that Chase-ABC treatment is able to promote the spread of the viruses, increasing the efficacy of the viral treatment. In this paper we develop a mathematical model to investigate the effect of the Chase-ABC on the treatment of glioma by oncolytic viruses (OV). We show that the model's predictions agree with experimental results for a spherical glioma. We then use the model to test various treatment options in the heterogeneous microenvironment of the brain. The model predicts that separate injections of OV, one into the center of the tumor and another outside the tumor will result in better outcome than if the total injection is outside the tumor. In particular, the injection of the ECM-degrading enzyme (Chase-ABC) on the periphery of the main tumor core need to be administered in an optimal strategy in order to infect and eradicate the infiltrating glioma cells outside the tumor core in addition to proliferative cells in the bulk of tumor core. The model also predicts that the size of tumor satellites and distance between the primary tumor and multifocal/satellite lesions may be an important factor for the efficacy of the viral therapy with Chase treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangjin Kim
- Department of Mathematics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America; Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Geun Lee
- Department of Mathematics, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nina Dmitrieva
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Junseok Kim
- Department of Mathematics, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Balveen Kaur
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Avner Friedman
- Department of Mathematics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America; Mathematical Biosciences Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
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Nothnick WB, Graham A, Holbert J, Weiss MJ. miR-451 deficiency is associated with altered endometrial fibrinogen alpha chain expression and reduced endometriotic implant establishment in an experimental mouse model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100336. [PMID: 24937656 PMCID: PMC4061076 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is defined as the growth of endometrial glandular and stromal components in ectopic locations and affects as many as 10% of all women of reproductive age. Despite its high prevalence, the pathogenesis of endometriosis remains poorly understood. MicroRNAs, small non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression, are mis-expressed in endometriosis but a functional role in the disease pathogenesis remains uncertain. To examine the role of microRNA-451 (miR-451) in the initial development of endometriosis, we utilized a novel mouse model in which eutopic endometrial fragments used to induce endometriosis were deficient for miR-451. After induction of the disease, we evaluated the impact of this deficiency on implant development and survival. Loss of miR-451 expression resulted in a lower number of ectopic lesions established in vivo. Analysis of differential protein profiles between miR-451 deficient and wild-type endometrial fragments revealed that fibrinogen alpha polypeptide isoform 2 precursor was approximately 2-fold higher in the miR-451 null donor endometrial tissue and this elevated expression of the protein was associated with altered expression of the parent fibrinogen alpha chain mRNA and protein. As this polypeptide contains RGD amino acid “cell adhesion” motifs which could impact early establishment of lesion development, we examined and confirmed using a cyclic RGD peptide antagonist, that endometrial cell adhesion and endometriosis establishment could be respectively inhibited both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, these results suggest that the reduced miR-451 eutopic endometrial expression does not enhance initial establishment of these fragments when displaced into the peritoneal cavity, that loss of eutopic endometrial miR-451 expression is associated with altered expression of fibrinogen alpha chain mRNA and protein, and that RGD cyclic peptide antagonists inhibit establishment of endometriosis development in an experimental mouse model suggesting that this approach may prove useful in the prevention of endometriosis establishment and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warren B. Nothnick
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, Kansas City, Kansas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Amanda Graham
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, Kansas City, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Joshua Holbert
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, Kansas City, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Mitchell J. Weiss
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Division of Hematology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Hao W, Friedman A. The LDL-HDL profile determines the risk of atherosclerosis: a mathematical model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90497. [PMID: 24621857 PMCID: PMC3951264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, the leading death in the United State, is a disease in which a plaque builds up inside the arteries. As the plaque continues to grow, the shear force of the blood flow through the decreasing cross section of the lumen increases. This force may eventually cause rupture of the plaque, resulting in the formation of thrombus, and possibly heart attack. It has long been recognized that the formation of a plaque relates to the cholesterol concentration in the blood. For example, individuals with LDL above 190 mg/dL and HDL below 40 mg/dL are at high risk, while individuals with LDL below 100 mg/dL and HDL above 50 mg/dL are at no risk. In this paper, we developed a mathematical model of the formation of a plaque, which includes the following key variables: LDL and HDL, free radicals and oxidized LDL, MMP and TIMP, cytockines: MCP-1, IFN-γ, IL-12 and PDGF, and cells: macrophages, foam cells, T cells and smooth muscle cells. The model is given by a system of partial differential equations with in evolving plaque. Simulations of the model show how the combination of the concentrations of LDL and HDL in the blood determine whether a plaque will grow or disappear. More precisely, we create a map, showing the risk of plaque development for any pair of values (LDL,HDL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrui Hao
- Mathematical Biosciences Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Avner Friedman
- Mathematical Biosciences Institute & Department of Mathematics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
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Liu D, Liu C, Wang X, Ingvarsson S, Chen H. MicroRNA-451 suppresses tumor cell growth by down-regulating IL6R gene expression. Cancer Epidemiol 2014; 38:85-92. [PMID: 24445140 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2013.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The miR-451 was found to be frequently down-regulated in tumors, indicating that miR-451 could play an important role in carcinogenesis. This study uncovered the mechanism by which the miR-451 functions as a tumor suppressor. The target genes of miR-451 were determined using target gene prediction softwares. Then the miR-451 mimics were introduced into RKO and Hela cells respectively. The proliferation and invasion of cells were monitored by MTT, cell cycle and in vitro extracellular matrix invasion assays. Also the angiogenesis of HUVEC cells transfected with miR-451 mimics was examined. Subsequently, IL6R, a predicted target gene of miR-451, was studied by real time PCR, Western blotting, and siRNA technologies. The mRNA and protein levels of IL6R gene were found to be down-regulated in the RKO and Hela cells transfected with miR-451 mimics. Consequently, the cell proliferation was inhibited. Also, the invasion of RKO cells was suppressed. Furthermore, the angiogenesis of HUVEC cells transfected with miR-451 mimics was assayed and the decreased angiogenic ability was detected compared to the controls. All these results were validated by IL6R siRNA experiments. The IL6R gene is a target gene of miR-451. The miR-451 behaves as a tumor suppressor, probably by targeting the IL6R pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiyin Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Sigurdur Ingvarsson
- Institute for Experimental Pathology and Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Keldur, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Huiping Chen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Garay T, Juhász É, Molnár E, Eisenbauer M, Czirók A, Dekan B, László V, Hoda MA, Döme B, Tímár J, Klepetko W, Berger W, Hegedűs B. Cell migration or cytokinesis and proliferation?--revisiting the "go or grow" hypothesis in cancer cells in vitro. Exp Cell Res 2013; 319:3094-103. [PMID: 23973668 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2013.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The mortality of patients with solid tumors is mostly due to metastasis that relies on the interplay between migration and proliferation. The "go or grow" hypothesis postulates that migration and proliferation spatiotemporally excludes each other. We evaluated this hypothesis on 35 cell lines (12 mesothelioma, 13 melanoma and 10 lung cancer) on both the individual cell and population levels. Following three-day-long videomicroscopy, migration, proliferation and cytokinesis-length were quantified. We found a significantly higher migration in mesothelioma cells compared to melanoma and lung cancer while tumor types did not differ in mean proliferation or duration of cytokinesis. Strikingly, we found in melanoma and lung cancer a significant positive correlation between mean proliferation and migration. Furthermore, non-dividing melanoma and lung cancer cells displayed slower migration. In contrast, in mesothelioma there were no such correlations. Interestingly, negative correlation was found between cytokinesis-length and migration in melanoma. FAK activation was higher in melanoma cells with high motility. We demonstrate that the cancer cells studied do not defer proliferation for migration. Of note, tumor cells from various organ systems may differently regulate migration and proliferation. Furthermore, our data is in line with the observation of pathologists that highly proliferative tumors are often highly invasive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Garay
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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