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A Review on Recent Progress of Glycan-Based Surfactant Micelles as Nanoreactor Systems for Chemical Synthesis Applications. POLYSACCHARIDES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/polysaccharides2010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The nanoreactor concept and its application as a modality to carry out chemical reactions in confined and compartmentalized structures continues to receive increasing attention. Micelle-based nanoreactors derived from various classes of surfactant demonstrate outstanding potential for chemical synthesis. Polysaccharide (glycan-based) surfactants are an emerging class of biodegradable, non-toxic, and sustainable alternatives over conventional surfactant systems. The unique structure of glycan-based surfactants and their micellar structures provide a nanoenvironment that differs from that of the bulk solution, and supported by chemical reactions with uniquely different reaction rates and mechanisms. In this review, the aggregation of glycan-based surfactants to afford micelles and their utility for the synthesis of selected classes of reactions by the nanoreactor technique is discussed. Glycan-based surfactants are ecofriendly and promising surfactants over conventional synthetic analogues. This contribution aims to highlight recent developments in the field of glycan-based surfactants that are relevant to nanoreactors, along with future opportunities for research. In turn, coverage of research for glycan-based surfactants in nanoreactor assemblies with tailored volume and functionality is anticipated to motivate advanced research for the synthesis of diverse chemical species.
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Soni N, Singh S, Sharma S, Batra G, Kaushik K, Rao C, Verma NC, Mondal B, Yadav A, Nandi CK. Absorption and emission of light in red emissive carbon nanodots. Chem Sci 2021; 12:3615-3626. [PMID: 34163635 PMCID: PMC8179431 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05879c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure–function relationship, especially the origin of absorption and emission of light in carbon nanodots (CNDs), has baffled scientists. The multilevel complexity arises due to the large number of by-products synthesized during the bottom-up approach. By performing systematic purification and characterization, we reveal the presence of a molecular fluorophore, quinoxalino[2,3-b]phenazine-2,3-diamine (QXPDA), in a large amount (∼80% of the total mass) in red emissive CNDs synthesized from o-phenylenediamine (OPDA), which is one of the well-known precursor molecules used for CND synthesis. The recorded NMR and mass spectra tentatively confirm the structure of QXPDA. The close resemblance of the experimental vibronic progression and the mirror symmetry of the absorption and emission spectra with the theoretically simulated spectra confirm an extended conjugated structure of QXPDA. Interestingly, QXPDA dictates the complete emission characteristics of the CNDs; in particular, it showed a striking similarity of its excitation independent emission spectra with that of the original synthesized red emissive CND solution. On the other hand, the CND like structure with a typical size of ∼4 nm was observed under a transmission electron microscope for a blue emissive species, which showed both excitation dependent and independent emission spectra. Interestingly, Raman spectroscopic data showed the similarity between QXPDA and the dot structure thus suggesting the formation of the QXPDA aggregated core structure in CNDs. We further demonstrated the parallelism in trends of absorption and emission of light from a few other red emissive CNDs, which were synthesized using different experimental conditions. Herein we unveil the presence of a molecular fluorophore quinoxalino[2,3-b]phenazine-2,3-diamine (QXPDA) in a colossal amount in red emissive CNDs synthesized from o-phenylenediamine, a well-known precursor molecule used for CND synthesis.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Soni
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi H.P. 175075 India .,Advanced Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi H.P. 175075 India
| | - Shivendra Singh
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi H.P. 175075 India .,Advanced Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi H.P. 175075 India
| | - Shubham Sharma
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi H.P. 175075 India .,Advanced Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi H.P. 175075 India
| | - Gayatri Batra
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi H.P. 175075 India .,Advanced Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi H.P. 175075 India
| | - Kush Kaushik
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi H.P. 175075 India .,Advanced Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi H.P. 175075 India
| | - Chethana Rao
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi H.P. 175075 India .,Advanced Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi H.P. 175075 India
| | - Navneet C Verma
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi H.P. 175075 India .,Advanced Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi H.P. 175075 India
| | - Bhaskar Mondal
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi H.P. 175075 India
| | - Aditya Yadav
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi H.P. 175075 India .,Advanced Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi H.P. 175075 India
| | - Chayan K Nandi
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi H.P. 175075 India .,Advanced Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi H.P. 175075 India.,BioX Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi H.P. 175075 India
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Guan Y, Chen H, Zhong Q. Nanoencapsulation of caffeic acid phenethyl ester in sucrose fatty acid esters to improve activities against cancer cells. J FOOD ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Draffehn S, Eichhorst J, Wiesner B, Kumke MU. Insight into the Modification of Polymeric Micellar and Liposomal Nanocarriers by Fluorescein-Labeled Lipids and Uptake-Mediating Lipopeptides. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:6928-6939. [PMID: 27295095 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b01487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Encapsulation of diagnostic and therapeutic compounds in transporters improves their delivery to the point of need. An even more efficient treatment of diseases can be achieved using carriers with targeting or protecting moieties. In the present work, we investigated micellar and liposomal nanocarriers modified with fluorescein, peptides, and polymers that are covalently bound to fatty acids or phospholipids to ensure a self-driven incorporation into the micelles or liposomes. First, we characterized the photophysics of the fluorescent probes in the absence and in the presence of nanocarriers. Changes in the fluorescence decay time, quantum yield, and intensity of a fluorescein-labeled fatty acid (fluorescein-labeled palmitic acid [fPA]) and a fluorescein-labeled lipopeptide (P2fA2) were found. By exploiting these changes, we investigated a lipopeptide (P2A2 as an uptake-mediating unit) in combination with different nanocarriers (micelles and liposomes) and determined the corresponding association constant Kass values, which were found to be very high. In addition, the mobility of fPA was exploited using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) and fluorescence depolarization (FD) experiments to characterize the nanocarriers. Cellular uptake experiments with mouse brain endothelial cells provided information on the uptake behavior of liposomes modified by uptake-mediating P2A2 and revealed differences in the uptake behavior between pH-sensitive and pH-insensitive liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sören Draffehn
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Potsdam , Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Jenny Eichhorst
- Department of Cellular Imaging, Leibniz Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) , Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Burkhard Wiesner
- Department of Cellular Imaging, Leibniz Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) , Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael U Kumke
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Potsdam , Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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Solvent-Free Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis of Technical-Grade Sugar Esters and Evaluation of Their Physicochemical and Bioactive Properties. Catalysts 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/catal6060078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Qu S, Dilenschneider T, Phillip WA. Preparation of Chemically-Tailored Copolymer Membranes with Tunable Ion Transport Properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:19746-19754. [PMID: 26287654 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b05592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Membranes derived from copolymer materials are a promising platform due to their straightforward fabrication and small yet tunable pore structures. However, most current applications of these membranes are limited to the size-selective filtration of solutes. In this study, to advance the utility of copolymer membranes beyond size-selective filtrations, a poly(acrylonitrile-r-oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate-r-glycidyl methacrylate) (P(AN-r-OEGMA-r-GMA)) copolymer is used to fabricate membranes that can be chemically modified via straightforward schemes. The P(AN-r-OEGMA-r-GMA) copolymer is cast into asymmetric membranes using a nonsolvent induced phase separation technique. Then, the surface charge of the membrane is modified to tailor its performance for nanofiltration applications. The oxirane groups of the glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) moiety that line the pore walls of the membrane allows for both positively charged and negatively charged moieties to be introduced directly without any prior activation. Notably, the highly size-selective nanostructure of the copolymer materials is retained throughout the functionalization processes. Specifically, amine moieties are attached to the pore walls using the aminolysis of the oxirane groups. The resulting amine-functionalized membrane is positively charged and rejects up to 87% of the salt dissolved in a 10 mM magnesium chloride feed solution. Further modification of the amine-functionalized membrane with 4-sulfophenyl isothiocyanate results in pore walls lined by sulfonic acid moieties. These negatively charged membranes reject up to 90% of a 10 mM sodium sulfate feed solution. Throughout the modification scheme, the membrane permeability remains equal to 1.5 L m(-2) h(-1) bar(-1) and the rejection of neutral solutes (i.e., sucrose and poly(ethylene oxide)) is consistent with the membrane having a single well-defined pore diameter of ∼5 nm. The performance of the membrane as a function of ion valence number, solution pH, and ionic strength is investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Qu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5637, United States
| | - Theodore Dilenschneider
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5637, United States
| | - William A Phillip
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5637, United States
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Sandoval C, Ortega A, Sanchez SA, Morales J, Gunther G. Structuration in the interface of direct and reversed micelles of sucrose esters, studied by fluorescent techniques. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123669. [PMID: 25905632 PMCID: PMC4408079 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reactors found in nature can be described as micro-heterogeneous systems, where media involved in each micro-environment can behave in a markedly different way compared with the properties of the bulk solution. The presence of water molecules in micro-organized assemblies is of paramount importance for many chemical processes, ranging from biology to environmental science. Self-organized molecular assembled systems are frequently used to study dynamics of water molecules because are the simplest models mimicking biological membranes. The hydrogen bonds between sucrose and water molecules are described to be stronger (or more extensive) than the ones between water molecules themselves. In this work, we studied the capability of sucrose moiety, attached to alkyl chains of different length, as a surface blocking agent at the water-interface and we compared its properties with those of polyethylenglycol, a well-known agent used for this purposes. Published studies in this topic mainly refer to the micellization process and the stability of mixed surfactant systems using glycosides. We are interested in the effect induced by the presence of sucrose monoesters at the interface (direct and reverse micelles) and at the palisade (mixtures with Triton X-100). We believe that the different functional group (ester), the position of alkyl chain (6-O) and the huge capability of sucrose to interact with water will dramatically change the water structuration at the interface and at the palisade, generating new possibilities for technological applications of these systems. RESULTS Our time resolved and steady state fluorescence experiments in pure SEs micelles show that sucrose moieties are able to interact with a high number of water molecules promoting water structuration and increased viscosity. These results also indicate that the barrier formed by sucrose moieties on the surface of pure micelles is more effective than the polyoxyethylene palisade of Triton X-100. The fluorescence quenching experiments of SEs at the palisade of Triton X-100 micelles indicate a blocking effect dependent on the number of methylene units present in the hydrophobic tail of the surfactant. A remarkable blocking effect is observed when there is a match in size between the hydrophobic regions forming the apolar core (lauryl SE/ Triton X-100). This blocking effect disappears when a mismatch in size between hydrophobic tails, exists due to the disturbing effect on the micelle core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Sandoval
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Anakenna Ortega
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Susana A. Sanchez
- Departamento de Polímeros, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Javier Morales
- Departamento de Ciencias y Tecnología Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - German Gunther
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Sanchez SA, Gratton E, Zanocco AL, Lemp E, Gunther G. Correction: Sucrose monoester micelles size determined by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125123. [PMID: 25885966 PMCID: PMC4401706 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Paul S, Heng PWS, Chan LW. Elucidating chlorin e6–sucrose ester interaction using coarse-grain modeling and fluorescence spectroscopic technique. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2014.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mendes YS, Alves NS, Souza TLF, Sousa IP, Bianconi ML, Bernardi RC, Pascutti PG, Silva JL, Gomes AMO, Oliveira AC. The structural dynamics of the flavivirus fusion peptide-membrane interaction. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47596. [PMID: 23094066 PMCID: PMC3477123 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane fusion is a crucial step in flavivirus infections and a potential target for antiviral strategies. Lipids and proteins play cooperative roles in the fusion process, which is triggered by the acidic pH inside the endosome. This acidic environment induces many changes in glycoprotein conformation and allows the action of a highly conserved hydrophobic sequence, the fusion peptide (FP). Despite the large volume of information available on the virus-triggered fusion process, little is known regarding the mechanisms behind flavivirus-cell membrane fusion. Here, we evaluated the contribution of a natural single amino acid difference on two flavivirus FPs, FLA(G) ((98)DRGWGNGCGLFGK(110)) and FLA(H) ((98)DRGWGNHCGLFGK(110)), and investigated the role of the charge of the target membrane on the fusion process. We used an in silico approach to simulate the interaction of the FPs with a lipid bilayer in a complementary way and used spectroscopic approaches to collect conformation information. We found that both peptides interact with neutral and anionic micelles, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations showed the interaction of the FPs with the lipid bilayer. The participation of the indole ring of Trp appeared to be important for the anchoring of both peptides in the membrane model, as indicated by MD simulations and spectroscopic analyses. Mild differences between FLA(G) and FLA(H) were observed according to the pH and the charge of the target membrane model. The MD simulations of the membrane showed that both peptides adopted a bend structure, and an interaction between the aromatic residues was strongly suggested, which was also observed by circular dichroism in the presence of micelles. As the FPs of viral fusion proteins play a key role in the mechanism of viral fusion, understanding the interactions between peptides and membranes is crucial for medical science and biology and may contribute to the design of new antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ygara S. Mendes
- Programa de Biologia Estrutural, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nathalia S. Alves
- Programa de Biologia Estrutural, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Theo L. F. Souza
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ivanildo P. Sousa
- Programa de Vacinas Virais, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M. Lucia Bianconi
- Programa de Biologia Estrutural, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafael C. Bernardi
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pedro G. Pascutti
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jerson L. Silva
- Programa de Biologia Estrutural, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andre M. O. Gomes
- Programa de Biologia Estrutural, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andréa C. Oliveira
- Programa de Biologia Estrutural, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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