1
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Jiang X, Wang W, Kang H. EPHB2 Knockdown Mitigated Myocardial Infarction by Inhibiting MAPK Signaling. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024:e2300517. [PMID: 38955672 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common type of cardiovascular disease. The incidence of ventricular remodeling dysplasia and heart failure increases significantly after MI. The objective of this study is to investigate whether erythropoietin hepatocellular receptor B2 (EPHB2) can regulate myocardial injury after MI and explore its regulatory pathways. EPHB2 is significantly overexpressed in the heart tissues of MI mice. The downregulation of EPHB2 alleviates the cardiac function damage after MI. Knockdown EPHB2 alleviates MI-induced myocardial tissue inflammation and apoptosis, and myocardial fibrosis in mice. EPHB2 knockdown significantly inhibits the activation of mitogen activated kinase-like protein (MAPK) pathway in MI mice. Moreover, EPHB2 overexpression significantly promotes the phosphorylation of MAPK pathway-related protein, which can be reversed by MAPK-IN-1 (an MAPK inhibitor) treatment. In conclusion, silencing EPHB2 can mitigate MI-induced myocardial injury by inhibiting MAPK signaling in mice, suggesting that targeting EPHB2 can be a promising therapeutic target for MI-induced myocardial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Jiang
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Yantai Fushan People's Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 265500, P. R. China
| | - Wenhua Wang
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Yantai Fushan People's Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 265500, P. R. China
| | - Haofei Kang
- The First Ward of Cardiovascular Medicine, YanTai YanTaiShan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, P. R. China
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2
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Wang M, Liu Y, Dai L, Zhong X, Zhang W, Xie Y, Zeng H, Wang H. ONX0914 inhibition of immunoproteasome subunit LMP7 ameliorates diabetic cardiomyopathy via restraining endothelial-mesenchymal transition. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:1297-1309. [PMID: 37551616 DOI: 10.1042/cs20230732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a chronic metabolic disease with few effective therapeutic options. Immunoproteasome is an inducible proteasome that plays an important role in the regulation of many cardiovascular diseases, while its role in DCM remains under discussion. The present study aims to demonstrate whether inhibiting immunoproteasome subunit low molecular weight polypeptide 7 (LMP7) could alleviate DCM. Here, we established a type I diabetes mellitus mouse model by streptozotocin (STZ) in 8-week-old male wild-type C57BL/6J mice. We found that immunoproteasome subunit LMP7 was overexpressed in the heart of diabetic mice, while inhibiting LMP7 with pharmacological inhibitor ONX0914 significantly alleviated myocardial fibrosis and improved cardiac function. Besides, compared with diabetic mice, ONX0914 treatment reduced protein levels of mesenchymal markers (Vimentin, α-smooth muscle actin, and SM22α) and increased endothelial markers (VE-cadherin and CD31). In TGFβ1 stimulated HUVECs, we also observed that ONX0914 could inhibit endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT). Mechanistically, we prove that ONX0914 could regulate autophagy activity both in vivo and vitro. Meanwhile, the protective effect of ONX0914 on TGFβ1 stimulated HUVECs could be abolished by 3-methyladenine (3MA) or hydroxychloroquine (CQ). All in all, our data highlight that inhibition of LMP7 with ONX0914 could ameliorate EndMT in diabetic mouse hearts at least in part via autophagy activation. Thus, LMP7 may be a potential therapeutic target for the DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengwen Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vascular Interventional Therapy, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yujian Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vascular Interventional Therapy, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Dai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vascular Interventional Therapy, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vascular Interventional Therapy, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vascular Interventional Therapy, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Xie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vascular Interventional Therapy, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Hesong Zeng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vascular Interventional Therapy, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Hongjie Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vascular Interventional Therapy, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
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3
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Deng L, Fan Z, Chen B, Zhai H, He H, He C, Sun Y, Wang Y, Ma H. A Dual-Modality Imaging Method Based on Polarimetry and Second Harmonic Generation for Characterization and Evaluation of Skin Tissue Structures. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044206. [PMID: 36835613 PMCID: PMC9966533 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The characterization and evaluation of skin tissue structures are crucial for dermatological applications. Recently, Mueller matrix polarimetry and second harmonic generation microscopy have been widely used in skin tissue imaging due to their unique advantages. However, the features of layered skin tissue structures are too complicated to use a single imaging modality for achieving a comprehensive evaluation. In this study, we propose a dual-modality imaging method combining Mueller matrix polarimetry and second harmonic generation microscopy for quantitative characterization of skin tissue structures. It is demonstrated that the dual-modality method can well divide the mouse tail skin tissue specimens' images into three layers of stratum corneum, epidermis, and dermis. Then, to quantitatively analyze the structural features of different skin layers, the gray level co-occurrence matrix is adopted to provide various evaluating parameters after the image segmentations. Finally, to quantitatively measure the structural differences between damaged and normal skin areas, an index named Q-Health is defined based on cosine similarity and the gray-level co-occurrence matrix parameters of imaging results. The experiments confirm the effectiveness of the dual-modality imaging parameters for skin tissue structure discrimination and assessment. It shows the potential of the proposed method for dermatological practices and lays the foundation for further, in-depth evaluation of the health status of human skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Deng
- Guangdong Research Center of Polarization Imaging and Measurement Engineering Technology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhipeng Fan
- Guangdong Research Center of Polarization Imaging and Measurement Engineering Technology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Binguo Chen
- Guangdong Research Center of Polarization Imaging and Measurement Engineering Technology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Haoyu Zhai
- Guangdong Research Center of Polarization Imaging and Measurement Engineering Technology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Honghui He
- Guangdong Research Center of Polarization Imaging and Measurement Engineering Technology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Correspondence: (H.H.); (C.H.)
| | - Chao He
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PJ, UK
- Correspondence: (H.H.); (C.H.)
| | - Yanan Sun
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hui Ma
- Guangdong Research Center of Polarization Imaging and Measurement Engineering Technology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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4
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Hou J, Wang X, Li Y, Hou J, Li X, Zhang X, Pei H, Yang D. Positive regulation of endothelial Tom70 by metformin as a new mechanism against cardiac microvascular injury in diabetes. Mitochondrion 2022; 65:150-160. [PMID: 35779798 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Microvascular protection is the main mechanism of metformin against diabetic complications. Cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) are the basic component of cardiac microvessels, and they suffer from oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction under type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane 70 (Tom70) improves mitochondrial dysfunction, but its role in the hearts of T2DM patients remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the protective effect of metformin on diabetic cardiac microvascular injury and to identify the role of Tom70 in this effect. T2DM mice were established by multiple intraperitoneal injections of low-dose streptozotocin and 12-week high-fat feeding. CMECs were isolated and cultured with normal glucose (NG), high glucose (HG), and HG plus high fat (HG-HF) media. The results indicated that long-term metformin treatment partly reversed cardiovascular complication and mitigated cardiac microvascular injury in T2DM. In addition, exposure to HG-HF led to CMEC damage, aggravated oxidative stress, aggravated mitochondrial dysfunction, and reduced mitochondrial Tom70 expression, whereas upregulation of Tom70 significantly ameliorated these injuries. Furthermore, metformin treatment promoted Tom70 expression and effectively reversed CMEC injury induced by HG-HF. However, all of these effects were interrupted after Tom70 was knocked down. In conclusion, T2DM damages microvascular integrity by activating a cycle of decreased Tom70 expression, mitochondrial dysfunction, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) overload in CMECs. However, metformin suppresses oxidative stress, relieves mitochondrial dysfunction, and promotes the expression of Tom70, ultimately ameliorating diabetic microvascular injury and heart complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanni Hou
- Department of Digestion, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, China; Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Xiong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chaotian District People's Hospital, Guangyuan City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jun Hou
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Third People's Hospital/Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiao Tong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
| | - Xiuchuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Xinqin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Haifeng Pei
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, China.
| | - Dachun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, China.
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5
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Metformin Attenuates Postinfarction Myocardial Fibrosis and Inflammation in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179393. [PMID: 34502314 PMCID: PMC8430638 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease with a higher incidence of myocardial infarction. This study explores the role of metformin, a first-line antihyperglycemic agent, in postinfarction fibrotic and inflammatory remodeling in mice. Three-month-old C57BI/6J mice were submitted to 30 min cardiac ischemia followed by reperfusion for 14 days. Intraperitoneal treatment with metformin (5 mg/kg) was initiated 15 min after the onset of reperfusion and maintained for 14 days. Real-time PCR was used to determine the levels of COL3A1, αSMA, CD68, TNF-α and IL-6. Increased collagen deposition and infiltration of macrophages in heart tissues are associated with upregulation of the inflammation-associated genes in mice after 14 days of reperfusion. Metformin treatment markedly reduced postinfarction fibrotic remodeling and CD68-positive cell population in mice. Moreover, metformin resulted in reduced expression of COL3A1, αSMA and CD68 after 14 days of reperfusion. Taken together, these results open new perspectives for the use of metformin as a drug that counteracts adverse myocardial fibroticand inflammatory remodeling after MI.
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6
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Xue Y, Zhang M, Liu M, Liu Y, Li L, Han X, Sun Z, Chu L. 8-Gingerol Ameliorates Myocardial Fibrosis by Attenuating Reactive Oxygen Species, Apoptosis, and Autophagy via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:711701. [PMID: 34393792 PMCID: PMC8355601 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.711701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
8-gingerol (8-Gin) is the series of phenolic substance that is extracted from ginger. Although many studies have revealed that 8-Gin has multiple pharmacological properties, the possible underlying mechanisms of 8-Gin against myocardial fibrosis (MF) remains unclear. The study examined the exact role and potential mechanisms of 8-Gin against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced MF. Male mice were intraperitoneally injected with 8-Gin (10 and 20 mg/kg/d) and concurrently subcutaneously injected with ISO (10 mg/kg/d) for 2 weeks. Electrocardiography, pathological heart morphology, myocardial enzymes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, degree of apoptosis, and autophagy pathway-related proteins were measured. Our study observed 8-Gin significantly reduced J-point elevation and heart rate. Besides, 8-Gin caused a marked decrease in cardiac weight index and left ventricle weight index, serum levels of creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase (CK and LDH, respectively), ROS generation, and attenuated ISO-induced pathological heart damage. Moreover, treatment with 8-Gin resulted in a marked decrease in the levels of collagen types I and III and TGF-β in the heart tissue. Our results showed 8-Gin exposure significantly suppressed ISO-induced autophagosome formation. 8-Gin also could lead to down-regulation of the activities of matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9), Caspase-9, and Bax protein, up-regulation of the activity of Bcl-2 protein, and alleviation of cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Furthermore, 8-Gin produced an obvious increase in the expressions of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway-related proteins. Our data showed that 8-Gin exerted cardioprotective effects on ISO-induced MF, which possibly occurred in connection with inhibition of ROS generation, apoptosis, and autophagy via modulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucong Xue
- College of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Muqing Zhang
- College of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China.,Affiliated Hospital, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Li Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xue Han
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Higher Education Institute Applied Technology Research Center on TCM Formula Preparation, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhenqing Sun
- Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao Hiser Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Li Chu
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, China
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7
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Kaur N, Raja R, Ruiz-Velasco A, Liu W. Cellular Protein Quality Control in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: From Bench to Bedside. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:585309. [PMID: 33195472 PMCID: PMC7593653 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.585309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a serious comorbidity and the most common cause of mortality in diabetes patients. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) features impaired cellular structure and function, culminating in heart failure; however, there is a dearth of specific clinical therapy for treating DCM. Protein homeostasis is pivotal for the maintenance of cellular viability under physiological and pathological conditions, particularly in the irreplaceable cardiomyocytes; therefore, it is tightly regulated by a protein quality control (PQC) system. Three evolutionarily conserved molecular processes, the unfolded protein response (UPR), the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), and autophagy, enhance protein turnover and preserve protein homeostasis by suppressing protein translation, degrading misfolded or unfolded proteins in cytosol or organelles, disposing of damaged and toxic proteins, recycling essential amino acids, and eliminating insoluble protein aggregates. In response to increased cellular protein demand under pathological insults, including the diabetic condition, a coordinated PQC system retains cardiac protein homeostasis and heart performance, on the contrary, inappropriate PQC function exaggerates cardiac proteotoxicity with subsequent heart dysfunction. Further investigation of the PQC mechanisms in diabetes propels a more comprehensive understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of DCM and opens new prospective treatment strategies for heart disease and heart failure in diabetes patients. In this review, the function and regulation of cardiac PQC machinery in diabetes mellitus, and the therapeutic potential for the diabetic heart are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrita Kaur
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Rida Raja
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Ruiz-Velasco
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Liu
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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8
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Loi H, Boal F, Tronchere H, Cinato M, Kramar S, Oleshchuk O, Korda M, Kunduzova O. Metformin Protects the Heart Against Hypertrophic and Apoptotic Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:154. [PMID: 30873028 PMCID: PMC6400884 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular complications are the most prevalent cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Metformin is currently the first-line blood glucose-lowering agent with potential relevance to cardiovascular diseases. However, the underpinning mechanisms of action remain elusive. Here, we report that metformin represses cardiac apoptosis at least in part through inhibition of Forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) pathway. In a mouse model of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), treatment with metformin attenuated cardiac and hypertrophic remodeling after 14 days of post-reperfusion. Additionally, cardiac expression of brain-like natriuretic peptide (BNP) was significantly reduced in metformin-treated mice after 14 days of cardiac I/R. In cultured H9C2 cells, metformin counteracted hypertrophic and apoptotic responses to metabolic or hypoxic stress. FoxO1 silencing by siRNA abolished anti-apoptotic effect of metformin under hypoxic stress in H9C2 cells. Taken together, these results suggest that metformin protects the heart against hypertrophic and apoptotic remodeling after myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halyna Loi
- Department of Pharmacology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil State Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Frederic Boal
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Toulouse, France.,UMR1048, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Helene Tronchere
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Toulouse, France.,UMR1048, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Mathieu Cinato
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Toulouse, France.,UMR1048, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Solomiia Kramar
- Department of Pharmacology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil State Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandra Oleshchuk
- Department of Pharmacology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil State Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Mykhaylo Korda
- Department of Pharmacology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil State Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Kunduzova
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Toulouse, France.,UMR1048, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
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9
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Oh JE, Jun JH, Hwang HJ, Shin EJ, Oh YJ, Choi YS. Dexmedetomidine restores autophagy and cardiac dysfunction in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. Acta Diabetol 2019; 56:105-114. [PMID: 30206697 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-018-1225-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Dexmedetomidine (DEX), a highly selective and potent α2-adrenergic receptor agonist, has anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative stress effects in diabetes mellitus (DM) rats. The underlying molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways of diabetic cardiomyopathy remain poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of DEX on cardiac function in DM rats. METHODS Eight-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups: control (n = 5), diabetes (DM, n = 7), and diabetes + DEX (DM + DEX, n = 10). DM was induced via intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (70 mg/kg); at 3 days later, DEX (1 µg/kg/h) was administered for 4 weeks. Cardiac function was evaluated using pressure-volume loop analysis and echocardiography. Left ventricular (LV) histological sections were used to analyze the interstitial collagen fraction. Using the LV samples, we performed a western blot analysis to evaluate signaling pathways and autophagic markers. RESULTS The DM group had lower body weight and higher blood glucose level and heart weight/body weight ratio than the control group. However, metabolic changes did not differ between the DM and DM + DEX groups. Pressure-volume loop analysis and echocardiography showed impaired cardiac function, evidenced by a decrease in systolic and diastolic function, in both DM groups. DEX treatment in DM rats was associated with increased LV end-systolic pressure, LV contractility, cardiac output, and relaxed LV function compared with that in non-treated DM rats. LC3B and autophagy-related gene (ATG) proteins increased in the hearts of DM rats compared with the hearts of control rats. However, DEX reduced the expression of LC3B and ATG proteins in the hearts of DM rats. Increased p-ERK and decreased p-AKT were reduced in the hearts of DEX-treated DM rats. CONCLUSIONS DEX reduces cardiac dysfunction and impaired autophagy in DM rats. This study reinforces our understanding of the potential anti-autophagic effect of DEX in patients with diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Eun Oh
- Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hae Jun
- Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jeong Hwang
- Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jung Shin
- Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jun Oh
- Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Seon Choi
- Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Gonzalez L, MacDonald ME, Deng YD, Trigatti BL. Hyperglycemia Aggravates Diet-Induced Coronary Artery Disease and Myocardial Infarction in SR-B1-Knockout/ApoE-Hypomorphic Mice. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1398. [PMID: 30356742 PMCID: PMC6189369 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a risk factor for development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Animal model studies in mice revealed that hyperglycemia increases development of atherosclerosis in the aorta as well as myocardial fibrosis in surgical models of coronary artery ligation; however, the impact of hyperglycemia on coronary artery atherosclerosis and subsequent heart disease is less clear. To investigate the effect of hyperglycemia on atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease, we used a mouse model of diet-induced coronary artery atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction, the high fat/high cholesterol (HFC) diet fed SR-B1 knockout (KO)/apoE-hypomorphic (HypoE) mouse. Hyperglycemia was induced in these mice by streptozotocin (STZ) treatment. This increased HFC diet-dependent atherosclerosis development (p = 0.02) and necrotic core formation (p = 0.0008) in atherosclerotic plaques in the aortic sinus but did not increase the extent of atherosclerosis in coronary arteries. However, it did increase the extent of platelet accumulation in atherosclerotic coronary arteries (p = 0.017). This was accompanied by increased myocardial fibrosis (p = 0.005) and reduced survival (p = 0.01) compared to control-treated, normoglycemic mice. These results demonstrate that STZ-treatment exerted differential effects on the level of atherosclerosis in the aortic sinus and coronary arteries. These results also suggest that SR-B1-KO/HypoE mice may be a useful non-surgical model of diabetic cardiomyopathy in the context of coronary artery atherothrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Gonzalez
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Melissa E MacDonald
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Yak D Deng
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Bernardo L Trigatti
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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11
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Li X, Hou J, Du J, Feng J, Yang Y, Shen Y, Chen S, Feng J, Yang D, Li D, Pei H, Yang Y. Potential Protective Mechanism in the Cardiac Microvascular Injury. Hypertension 2018; 72:116-127. [PMID: 29735636 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.11035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuchuan Li
- From the Graduate School, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China (X.L., J.H., J.D., H.P., Y.Y.)
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, China (X.L., J.H., J.D., J.F., Y.Y., Y.S., S.C., J.F., D.Y., D.L., H.P., Y.Y.)
| | - Juanni Hou
- From the Graduate School, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China (X.L., J.H., J.D., H.P., Y.Y.)
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, China (X.L., J.H., J.D., J.F., Y.Y., Y.S., S.C., J.F., D.Y., D.L., H.P., Y.Y.)
| | - Jin Du
- From the Graduate School, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China (X.L., J.H., J.D., H.P., Y.Y.)
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, China (X.L., J.H., J.D., J.F., Y.Y., Y.S., S.C., J.F., D.Y., D.L., H.P., Y.Y.)
| | - Jian Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, China (X.L., J.H., J.D., J.F., Y.Y., Y.S., S.C., J.F., D.Y., D.L., H.P., Y.Y.)
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, China (X.L., J.H., J.D., J.F., Y.Y., Y.S., S.C., J.F., D.Y., D.L., H.P., Y.Y.)
| | - Yang Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, China (X.L., J.H., J.D., J.F., Y.Y., Y.S., S.C., J.F., D.Y., D.L., H.P., Y.Y.)
| | - Sha Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, China (X.L., J.H., J.D., J.F., Y.Y., Y.S., S.C., J.F., D.Y., D.L., H.P., Y.Y.)
| | - Juan Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, China (X.L., J.H., J.D., J.F., Y.Y., Y.S., S.C., J.F., D.Y., D.L., H.P., Y.Y.)
| | - Dachun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, China (X.L., J.H., J.D., J.F., Y.Y., Y.S., S.C., J.F., D.Y., D.L., H.P., Y.Y.)
| | - De Li
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, China (X.L., J.H., J.D., J.F., Y.Y., Y.S., S.C., J.F., D.Y., D.L., H.P., Y.Y.)
| | - Haifeng Pei
- From the Graduate School, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China (X.L., J.H., J.D., H.P., Y.Y.)
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, China (X.L., J.H., J.D., J.F., Y.Y., Y.S., S.C., J.F., D.Y., D.L., H.P., Y.Y.)
| | - Yongjian Yang
- From the Graduate School, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China (X.L., J.H., J.D., H.P., Y.Y.)
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, China (X.L., J.H., J.D., J.F., Y.Y., Y.S., S.C., J.F., D.Y., D.L., H.P., Y.Y.)
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12
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An Intervention Target for Myocardial Fibrosis: Autophagy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:6215916. [PMID: 29850542 PMCID: PMC5911341 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6215916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis (MF) is the result of metabolic imbalance of collagen synthesis and metabolism, which is widespread in various cardiovascular diseases. Autophagy is a lysosomal degradation pathway which is highly conserved. In recent years, research on autophagy has been increasing and the researchers have also become cumulatively aware of the specified association between autophagy and MF. This review highlights the role of autophagy in MF and the potential effects through the administration of medicine.
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13
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Ramírez E, Picatoste B, González-Bris A, Oteo M, Cruz F, Caro-Vadillo A, Egido J, Tuñón J, Morcillo MA, Lorenzo Ó. Sitagliptin improved glucose assimilation in detriment of fatty-acid utilization in experimental type-II diabetes: role of GLP-1 isoforms in Glut4 receptor trafficking. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2018; 17:12. [PMID: 29325553 PMCID: PMC5765634 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-017-0643-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The distribution of glucose and fatty-acid transporters in the heart is crucial for energy consecution and myocardial function. In this sense, the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) enhancer, sitagliptin, improves glucose homeostasis but it could also trigger direct cardioprotective actions, including regulation of energy substrate utilization. METHODS Type-II diabetic GK (Goto-Kakizaki), sitagliptin-treated GK (10 mg/kg/day) and wistar rats (n = 10, each) underwent echocardiographic evaluation, and positron emission tomography scanning for [18F]-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18FDG). Hearts and plasma were isolated for biochemical approaches. Cultured cardiomyocytes were examined for receptor distribution after incretin stimulation in high fatty acid or high glucose media. RESULTS Untreated GK rats exhibited hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and plasma GLP-1 reduction. Moreover, GK myocardium decreased 18FDG assimilation and diastolic dysfunction. However, sitagliptin improved hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and GLP-1 levels, and additionally, enhanced 18FDG uptake and diastolic function. Sitagliptin also stimulated the sarcolemmal translocation of the glucose transporter-4 (Glut4), in detriment of the fatty acyl translocase (FAT)/CD36. In fact, Glut4 mRNA expression and sarcolemmal translocation were also increased after GLP-1 stimulation in high-fatty acid incubated cardiomyocytes. PI3K/Akt and AMPKα were involved in this response. Intriguingly, the GLP-1 degradation metabolite, GLP-1(9-36), showed similar effects. CONCLUSIONS Besides of its anti-hyperglycemic effect, sitagliptin-enhanced GLP-1 may ameliorate diastolic dysfunction in type-II diabetes by shifting fatty acid to glucose utilization in the cardiomyocyte, and thus, improving cardiac efficiency and reducing lipolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ramírez
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma, Av. Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - B Picatoste
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma, Av. Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - A González-Bris
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma, Av. Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Oteo
- Biomedical Applications of Radioisotopes and Pharmacokinetics, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
| | - F Cruz
- Biomedical Applications of Radioisotopes and Pharmacokinetics, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
| | - A Caro-Vadillo
- Veterinary School, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Egido
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma, Av. Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM) Network, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Tuñón
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - M A Morcillo
- Biomedical Applications of Radioisotopes and Pharmacokinetics, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ó Lorenzo
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma, Av. Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain. .,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM) Network, Madrid, Spain.
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14
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Wu LH, Zhang Q, Zhang S, Meng LY, Wang YC, Sheng CJ. Effects of gene knockdown of CNP on ventricular remodeling after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury through NPRB/Cgmp signaling pathway in rats. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:1804-1818. [PMID: 28796407 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore effects of CNP on ventricular remodeling following myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury through the NPRB/cGMP signaling pathway. Rat cardiomyocytes were assigned into: control, I/R, I/R + CNP, and I/R + 8-Br-cGMP groups. ELISA, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting were used to detect cGMP content and expression, respectively. After model establishment of I/R rats, normal control, CNP-/- control, I/R, and CNP-/- groups were set. Indexes of heart were detected using echocardiography and hemodynamics. ELISA was used to measure serum CNP, cGMP, LDH, cTn I, CK-MB, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels. Myocardial infarct was identified by TTC staining, and apoptosis conditions by TUNEL staining. QRT-PCR and Western blotting were adopted to detect expressions of CNP, NPRB, cGMP, and apoptosis-related genes. Compared with control group, cGMP contents and expression in the I/R, I/R + CNP and I/R + 8-Br-cGMP groups were decreased. Levels of LVEDV, LVESV, LVDS, LVDD, IVSD, LVM, LVEDP, and LVSP were higher in the I/R, CNP-/- control, and CNP-/- groups than normal control group while LVEF, SV, CO, and ±dp/dtmax were lower. Compared with the normal control group, LDH, cTn I, CK-MB, TNF-α, and IL-6 were higher in the I/R, CNP-/- control and CNP-/- groups; pathological changes and myocardial infarction were observed in the I/R, CNP-/- control, and CNP-/- groups; expressions of apoptosis-related genes in those groups were higher; while CNP, NPRB, cGMP, and Bcl-2 expressions were decreased. We came to the conclusion that gene knockdown of CNP blocks the NPRB/cGMP signaling pathway, thereby aggravating myocardial I/R injury and causing ventricular remodeling in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian-He Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Dongying City People's Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Shen Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Lu-Yu Meng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Yan-Chi Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Cun-Jian Sheng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
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15
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Wang Y, Liang B, Lau WB, Du Y, Guo R, Yan Z, Gan L, Yan W, Zhao J, Gao E, Koch W, Ma XL. Restoring diabetes-induced autophagic flux arrest in ischemic/reperfused heart by ADIPOR (adiponectin receptor) activation involves both AMPK-dependent and AMPK-independent signaling. Autophagy 2017; 13:1855-1869. [PMID: 28825851 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2017.1358848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is increasingly recognized as an important regulator of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI-R) injury. However, whether and how diabetes may alter autophagy in response to MI-R remains unknown. Deficiency of ADIPOQ, a cardioprotective molecule, markedly increases MI-R injury. However, the role of diabetic hypoadiponectinemia in cardiac autophagy alteration after MI-R is unclear. Utilizing normal control (NC), high-fat-diet-induced diabetes, and Adipoq knockout (adipoq-/-) mice, we demonstrated that autophagosome formation was modestly inhibited and autophagosome clearance was markedly impaired in the diabetic heart subjected to MI-R. adipoq-/- largely reproduced the phenotypic alterations observed in the ischemic-reperfused diabetic heart. Treatment of diabetic and adipoq-/- mice with AdipoRon, a novel ADIPOR (adiponectin receptor) agonist, stimulated autophagosome formation, markedly increased autophagosome clearance, reduced infarct size, and improved cardiac function (P < 0.01 vs vehicle). Mechanistically, AdipoRon caused significant phosphorylation of AMPK-BECN1 (Ser93/Thr119)-class III PtdIns3K (Ser164) and enhanced lysosome protein LAMP2 expression both in vivo and in isolated adult cardiomyocytes. Pharmacological AMPK inhibition or genetic Prkaa2 mutation abolished AdipoRon-induced BECN1 (Ser93/Thr119)-PtdIns3K (Ser164) phosphorylation and AdipoRon-stimulated autophagosome formation. However, AdipoRon-induced LAMP2 expression, AdipoRon-stimulated autophagosome clearance, and AdipoRon-suppressed superoxide generation were not affected by AMPK inhibition. Treatment with MnTMPyP (a superoxide scavenger) increased LAMP2 expression and stimulated autophagosome clearance in simulated ischemic-reperfused cardiomyocytes. However, no additive effect between AdipoRon and MnTMPyP was observed. Collectively, these results demonstrate that hypoadiponectinemia impairs autophagic flux, contributing to enhanced MI-R injury in the diabetic state. ADIPOR activation restores AMPK-mediated autophagosome formation and antioxidant-mediated autophagosome clearance, representing a novel intervention effective against MI-R injury in diabetic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Wang
- a Department of Emergency Medicine , Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia , PA , USA.,b Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine , Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Bin Liang
- a Department of Emergency Medicine , Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Wayne Bond Lau
- a Department of Emergency Medicine , Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Yunhui Du
- a Department of Emergency Medicine , Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Rui Guo
- a Department of Emergency Medicine , Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Zheyi Yan
- a Department of Emergency Medicine , Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Lu Gan
- a Department of Emergency Medicine , Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Wenjun Yan
- a Department of Emergency Medicine , Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Jianli Zhao
- a Department of Emergency Medicine , Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Erhe Gao
- c Center for Translational Medicine , Temple University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Walter Koch
- c Center for Translational Medicine , Temple University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Xin-Liang Ma
- a Department of Emergency Medicine , Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia , PA , USA.,b Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine , Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
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16
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Wu Y, Xia ZY, Zhao B, Leng Y, Dou J, Meng QT, Lei SQ, Chen ZZ, Zhu J. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate attenuates myocardial injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion in diabetic rats and in H9c2 cells under hyperglycemic conditions. Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:389-399. [PMID: 28714516 PMCID: PMC5504977 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
(−)-Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) exerts multiple beneficial effects on cardiovascular performance. In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of EGCG on diabetic cardiomyopathy during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. EGCG (100 mg/kg/day) was administered at week 6 for 2 weeks to diabetic rats following the induction of type 1 diabetes by streptozotocin (STZ). At the end of week 8, the animals were subjected to myocardial I/R injury. The EGCG-elicited structural and functional effects were analyzed. Additionally, EGCG (20 μM) was administered for 24 h to cultured cardiac H9c2 cells under hyperglycemic conditions (30 mM glucose) prior to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) challenge, and its effects on oxidative stress were compared to H9c2 cells transfecteed with silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) small interfering RNA (siRNA). In rats with STZ-induced diabetes, EGCG treatment ameliorated post-ischemic cardiac dysfunction, decreased the myocardial infarct size, apoptosis and cardiac fibrosis, and reduced the elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malonaldehyde (MDA) levels, and attenuated oxidative stress. Furthermore, EGCG significantly reduced H/R injury in cardiac H9c2 cells exposed to high glucose as evidenced by reduced apoptotic cell death and oxidative stress. The protein expression levels of SIRT1 and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) were reduced in the diabetic rats and the H9c2 cells under hyperglycemic conditions, compared with the control rats following I/R injury and H9c2 cells under normal glucose conditions. EGCG pre-treatment significantly upregulated the levels of htese proteins in vitro and in vivo. However, treatment with EX527 and SIRT1 siRNA blocked the EGCG-mediated cardioprotective effects. Taken together, our data indicate that SIRT1 plays a critical role in the EGCG-mediated amelioration of I/R injury in diabetic rats, which suggests that EGCG may be a promising dietary supplement for the prevention of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yan Leng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Juan Dou
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Tao Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Qing Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Ze Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
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17
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Delbridge LMD, Mellor KM, Taylor DJ, Gottlieb RA. Myocardial stress and autophagy: mechanisms and potential therapies. Nat Rev Cardiol 2017; 14:412-425. [PMID: 28361977 DOI: 10.1038/nrcardio.2017.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a ubiquitous cellular catabolic process responsive to energy stress. Research over the past decade has revealed that cardiomyocyte autophagy is a prominent homeostatic pathway, important in adaptation to altered myocardial metabolic demand. The cellular machinery of autophagy involves targeted direction of macromolecules and organelles for lysosomal degradation. Activation of autophagy has been identified as cardioprotective in some settings (that is, ischaemia and ischaemic preconditioning). In other situations, sustained autophagy has been linked with cardiopathology (for example, sustained pressure overload and heart failure). Perturbation of autophagy in diabetic cardiomyopathy has also been observed and is associated with both adaptive and maladaptive responses to stress. Emerging research findings indicate that various forms of selective autophagy operate in parallel to manage various types of catabolic cellular cargo including mitochondria, large proteins, glycogen, and stored lipids. In this Review, induction of autophagy associated with cardiac benefit or detriment is considered. The various static and dynamic approaches used to measure autophagy are critiqued, and current inconsistencies in the understanding of autophagy regulation in the heart are highlighted. The prospects for pharmacological intervention to achieve therapeutic manipulation of autophagic processes are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea M D Delbridge
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Kimberley M Mellor
- Department of Physiology, Medical &Health Sciences, University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - David J Taylor
- Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Hospital, 127 South San Vicente Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
| | - Roberta A Gottlieb
- Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Hospital, 127 South San Vicente Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
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18
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Momozono H, Miyake H, Fujisawa M. Impact of Periurethral Inflammation on Continence Status Early After Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy. J Endourol 2016; 30:1207-1213. [DOI: 10.1089/end.2016.0301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Momozono
- Division of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hideaki Miyake
- Division of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masato Fujisawa
- Division of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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19
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Myocardial redox status, mitophagy and cardioprotection: a potential way to amend diabetic heart? Clin Sci (Lond) 2016; 130:1511-21. [PMID: 27433024 DOI: 10.1042/cs20160168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the major cardiovascular complications in diabetes that increase the mortality of diabetic patients. Mechanisms underlying DCM have not been fully elucidated, hindering targeted design of effective strategies to delay or treat DCM. Mitochondrial dysfunction is recognized as the driving force for the pathogenesis of DCM; therefore, maintaining cardiac mitochondrial quality is crucial for DCM prevention. Mitophagy is the process by which cells degrade abnormal or superfluous mitochondria in order to correct mitochondrial dysfunction, improve mitochondrial quality and maintain cardiac homoeostasis. Although the roles of mitophagy in various cardiomyopathies have been suggested, it remains largely unknown how the process is regulated and whether it is altered in the diabetic heart. In this review, we summarize currently available studies that investigate mitophagy in the heart, including its pathways, features and protective roles in several situations, including DCM. Due to limited data about mitophagy in diabetic hearts, future studies are required to gain a deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of mitophagy in the heart and to develop mitophagy-based strategies for protecting the heart from diabetic injury.
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20
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Kanamori H, Takemura G, Goto K, Tsujimoto A, Mikami A, Ogino A, Watanabe T, Morishita K, Okada H, Kawasaki M, Seishima M, Minatoguchi S. Autophagic adaptations in diabetic cardiomyopathy differ between type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Autophagy 2016; 11:1146-60. [PMID: 26042865 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2015.1051295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the association between autophagy and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Also unknown are possible distinguishing features of cardiac autophagy in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. In hearts from streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic mice, diastolic function was impaired, though autophagic activity was significantly increased, as evidenced by increases in microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3/LC3 and LC3-II/-I ratios, SQSTM1/p62 (sequestosome 1) and CTSD (cathepsin D), and by the abundance of autophagic vacuoles and lysosomes detected electron-microscopically. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was activated and ATP content was reduced in type 1 diabetic hearts. Treatment with chloroquine, an autophagy inhibitor, worsened cardiac performance in type 1 diabetes. In addition, hearts from db/db type 2 diabetic model mice exhibited poorer diastolic function than control hearts from db/+ mice. However, levels of LC3-II, SQSTM1 and phosphorylated MTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) were increased, but CTSD was decreased and very few lysosomes were detected ultrastructurally, despite the abundance of autophagic vacuoles. AMPK activity was suppressed and ATP content was reduced in type 2 diabetic hearts. These findings suggest the autophagic process is suppressed at the final digestion step in type 2 diabetic hearts. Resveratrol, an autophagy enhancer, mitigated diastolic dysfunction, while chloroquine had the opposite effects in type 2 diabetic hearts. Autophagy in the heart is enhanced in type 1 diabetes, but is suppressed in type 2 diabetes. This difference provides important insight into the pathophysiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy, which is essential for the development of new treatment strategies.
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Key Words
- AMP-activated protein kinase
- AMPK, AMP-activated protein kinase
- CTSD, cathepsin D
- DM, diabetes mellitus
- GFP, green fluorescent protein
- HBA1c, glycated hemoglobin α 1
- LV, left ventricular
- MAP1LC3/LC3, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3
- MTOR, mechanistic target of rapamycin
- Mn-SOD, superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial
- SIRT1, sirtuin 1
- SQSTM1/p62, sequestosome 1
- STZ, streptozotocin
- autophagy
- cardiomyopathy
- chloroquine
- diabetes mellitus
- insulin
- resveratrol
- type 1 diabetes
- type 2 diabetes
- ultrastructure
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromitsu Kanamori
- a Department of Cardiology; Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine ; Gifu , Japan
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21
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Malfitano C, de Souza Junior AL, Carbonaro M, Bolsoni-Lopes A, Figueroa D, de Souza LE, Silva KAS, Consolim-Colombo F, Curi R, Irigoyen MC. Glucose and fatty acid metabolism in infarcted heart from streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats after 2 weeks of tissue remodeling. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2015; 14:149. [PMID: 26553117 PMCID: PMC4640361 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-015-0308-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The effects of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes on heart metabolism and function after myocardial infarction (MI) remodelling were investigated in rats. Methods Fifteen days after STZ (50 mg/kg b.w. i.v.) injection, MI was induced by surgical occlusion of the left coronary artery. Two weeks after MI induction, contents of glycogen, ATP, free fatty acids and triacylglycerols (TG) and enzyme activities of glycolysis and Krebs cycle (hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphofructokinase, citrate synthase) and expression of carnitine palmitoyl-CoA transferase I (a key enzyme of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation) were measured in the left ventricle (LV). Plasma glucose, free fatty acids and triacylglycerol levels were determined. Ejection fraction (EF) and shortening fraction (SF) were also measured by echocardiography. Results Glycogen and TG contents were increased (p < 0.05) whereas ATP content was decreased in the LV of the non-infarcted diabetic group when compared to the control group (p < 0.05). When compared to infarcted control rats (MI), the diabetic infarcted rats (DI) showed (p < 0.05): increased plasma glucose and TG levels, elevated free fatty acid levels and increased activity of, citrate synthase and decreased ATP levels in the LV. Infarct size was smaller in the DI group when compared to MI rats (p < 0.05), and this was associated with higher EF and SF (p < 0.05). Conclusions Systolic function was preserved or recovered more efficiently in the heart from diabetic rats two weeks after MI, possibly due to the high provision of glucose and free fatty acids from both plasma and heart glycogen and triacylglycerol stores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Malfitano
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of São Paulo, Av. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, 05403-000, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. .,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Alcione Lescano de Souza Junior
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. .,Nursing Department, State University of Mato Grosso, Alta Floresta, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Carbonaro
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of São Paulo, Av. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, 05403-000, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Andressa Bolsoni-Lopes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Diego Figueroa
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of São Paulo, Av. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, 05403-000, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Leandro Ezequiel de Souza
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of São Paulo, Av. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, 05403-000, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Fernanda Consolim-Colombo
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of São Paulo, Av. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, 05403-000, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. .,Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho, (UNINOVE), Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Rui Curi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Maria Claudia Irigoyen
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of São Paulo, Av. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, 05403-000, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. .,Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho, (UNINOVE), Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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22
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Murase H, Kuno A, Miki T, Tanno M, Yano T, Kouzu H, Ishikawa S, Tobisawa T, Ogasawara M, Nishizawa K, Miura T. Inhibition of DPP-4 reduces acute mortality after myocardial infarction with restoration of autophagic response in type 2 diabetic rats. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2015; 14:103. [PMID: 26259714 PMCID: PMC4531441 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-015-0264-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) worsens the outcome after myocardial infarction (MI). Here, we hypothesized that inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) improves survival after MI in T2DM by modifying autophagy in the non-infarcted region of the heart. Methods and results Under baseline conditions, there was no significant difference between levels of myocardial autophagy marker proteins
in OLETF, a rat model of T2DM, and in LETO, a non-diabetic control. However, in contrast to the response in LETO, LC3-II protein and LC3-positive autophagosomes in the non-infarcted region of the myocardium were not increased after MI in OLETF. The altered autophagic response in OLETF was associated with lack of AMPK/ULK-1 activation, attenuated response of Akt/mTOR/S6 signaling and increased Beclin-1–Bcl-2 interaction after MI. Treatment with vildagliptin (10 mg/kg/day s.c.), a DPP-4 inhibitor, suppressed Beclin-1–Bcl-2 interaction and increased both LC3-II protein level and autophagosomes in the non-infarcted region in OLETF, though it did not normalize AMPK/ULK-1 or mTOR/S6 signaling. Plasma insulin level, but not glucose level, was significantly reduced by vildagliptin at the dose used in this study. Survival rate at 48 h after MI was significantly lower in OLETF than in LETO (32 vs. 82%), despite similar infarct sizes. Vildagliptin improved the survival rate in OLETF to 80%, the benefit of which was abrogated by chloroquine, an autophagy inhibitor. Conclusions The results indicate that vildagliptin reduces T2DM-induced increase in post-MI acute mortality possibly by restoring the autophagic response through attenuation of Bcl-2-Beclin-1 interaction. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12933-015-0264-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromichi Murase
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Kuno
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan. .,Department of Pharmacology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan.
| | - Takayuki Miki
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan.
| | - Masaya Tanno
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan.
| | - Toshiyuki Yano
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan.
| | - Hidemichi Kouzu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan.
| | - Satoko Ishikawa
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan.
| | - Toshiyuki Tobisawa
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan.
| | - Makoto Ogasawara
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan.
| | - Keitaro Nishizawa
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan.
| | - Tetsuji Miura
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan.
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Jahng JWS, Turdi S, Kovacevic V, Dadson K, Li RK, Sweeney G. Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction in Aged Male Adiponectin Knockout Mice Is Associated With Autophagy Deficiency. Endocrinology 2015; 156:2667-77. [PMID: 25961840 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure is a leading cause of death, especially in the elderly or obese and diabetic populations. Various remodeling events have been characterized, which collectively contribute to the progression of heart failure. Of particular interest, autophagy has recently emerged as an important determinant of cardiac remodeling and function. Here, we used aged, 13-month-old, male adiponectin knockout (Ad-KO) or wild-type (wt) mice subjected to aortic banding to induce pressure overload (PO). Cardiac strain analysis using speckle tracking echocardiography indicated significant dysfunction at an earlier stage in Ad-KO than wt. Analysis of autophagy by Western blotting for Light Chain 3 or microtubule-associated proteins 1B and Sequestosome 1 together with transmission electron microscopy of left ventricular tissue indicated a lack of PO-induced cardiac autophagy in Ad-KO compared with wt mice. Associated with this was mitochondrial degeneration and evidence of enhanced endoplasmic reticulum stress. Western blotting for Light Chain 3 or microtubule-associated proteins 1B, examination of flux using tandem fluoresent tagged-Light Chain 3, and analysis of lysosomal activity in H9c2 cardiac myoblasts treated with adiponectin indicated that adiponectin enhanced autophagy flux. In conclusion, adiponectin directly stimulates autophagic flux and the lack of autophagy in response to PO in aged mice lacking adiponectin may contribute to cellular events which exacerbate the development of cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Won Suk Jahng
- Department of Biology (J.W.S.J., S.T., V.K., K.D., G.S.), York University, Toronto M3J 1P3, Canada; and Division of Cardiovascular Surgery and Toronto General Research Institute (R.-K.L.), University Health Network, Toronto M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Subat Turdi
- Department of Biology (J.W.S.J., S.T., V.K., K.D., G.S.), York University, Toronto M3J 1P3, Canada; and Division of Cardiovascular Surgery and Toronto General Research Institute (R.-K.L.), University Health Network, Toronto M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Vera Kovacevic
- Department of Biology (J.W.S.J., S.T., V.K., K.D., G.S.), York University, Toronto M3J 1P3, Canada; and Division of Cardiovascular Surgery and Toronto General Research Institute (R.-K.L.), University Health Network, Toronto M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Keith Dadson
- Department of Biology (J.W.S.J., S.T., V.K., K.D., G.S.), York University, Toronto M3J 1P3, Canada; and Division of Cardiovascular Surgery and Toronto General Research Institute (R.-K.L.), University Health Network, Toronto M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Ren-Ke Li
- Department of Biology (J.W.S.J., S.T., V.K., K.D., G.S.), York University, Toronto M3J 1P3, Canada; and Division of Cardiovascular Surgery and Toronto General Research Institute (R.-K.L.), University Health Network, Toronto M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology (J.W.S.J., S.T., V.K., K.D., G.S.), York University, Toronto M3J 1P3, Canada; and Division of Cardiovascular Surgery and Toronto General Research Institute (R.-K.L.), University Health Network, Toronto M3J 1P3, Canada
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Temporal and Molecular Analyses of Cardiac Extracellular Matrix Remodeling following Pressure Overload in Adiponectin Deficient Mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121049. [PMID: 25910275 PMCID: PMC4409146 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin, circulating levels of which are reduced in obesity and diabetes, mediates cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling in response to pressure overload (PO). Here, we performed a detailed temporal analysis of progressive cardiac ECM remodelling in adiponectin knockout (AdKO) and wild-type (WT) mice at 3 days and 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks following the induction of mild PO via minimally invasive transverse aortic banding. We first observed that myocardial adiponectin gene expression was reduced after 4 weeks of PO, whereas increased adiponectin levels were detected in cardiac homogenates at this time despite decreased circulating levels of adiponectin. Scanning electron microscopy and Masson’s trichrome staining showed collagen accumulation increased in response to 2 and 4 weeks of PO in WT mice, while fibrosis in AdKO mice was notably absent after 2 weeks but highly apparent after 4 weeks of PO. Time and intensity of fibroblast appearance after PO was not significantly different between AdKO and WT animals. Gene array analysis indicated that MMP2, TIMP2, collagen 1α1 and collagen 1α3 were induced after 2 weeks of PO in WT but not AdKO mice. After 4 weeks MMP8 was induced in both genotypes, MMP9 only in WT mice and MMP1α only in AdKO mice. Direct stimulation of primary cardiac fibroblasts with adiponectin induced a transient increase in total collagen detected by picrosirius red staining and collagen III levels synthesis, as well as enhanced MMP2 activity detected via gelatin zymography. Adiponectin also enhanced fibroblast migration and attenuated angiotensin-II induced differentiation to a myofibroblast phenotype. In conclusion, these data indicate that increased myocardial bioavailability of adiponectin mediates ECM remodeling following PO and that adiponectin deficiency delays these effects.
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25
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Delbridge LMD, Mellor KM, Taylor DJR, Gottlieb RA. Myocardial autophagic energy stress responses--macroautophagy, mitophagy, and glycophagy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 308:H1194-204. [PMID: 25747748 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00002.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
An understanding of the role of autophagic processes in the management of cardiac metabolic stress responses is advancing rapidly and progressing beyond a conceptualization of the autophagosome as a simple cell recycling depot. The importance of autophagy dysregulation in diabetic cardiomyopathy and in ischemic heart disease - both conditions comprising the majority of cardiac disease burden - has now become apparent. New findings have revealed that specific autophagic processes may operate in the cardiomyocyte, specialized for selective recognition and management of mitochondria and glycogen particles in addition to protein macromolecular structures. Thus mitophagy, glycophagy, and macroautophagy regulatory pathways have become the focus of intensive experimental effort, and delineating the signaling pathways involved in these processes offers potential for targeted therapeutic intervention. Chronically elevated macroautophagic activity in the diabetic myocardium is generally observed in association with structural and functional cardiomyopathy; yet there are also numerous reports of detrimental effect of autophagy suppression in diabetes. Autophagy induction has been identified as a key component of protective mechanisms that can be recruited to support the ischemic heart, but in this setting benefit may be mitigated by adverse downstream autophagic consequences. Recent report of glycophagy upregulation in diabetic cardiomyopathy opens up a novel area of investigation. Similarly, a role for glycogen management in ischemia protection through glycophagy initiation is an exciting prospect under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea M D Delbridge
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia;
| | - Kimberley M Mellor
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, New Zealand; and
| | - David J R Taylor
- Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
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26
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DuSablon A, Kent S, Coburn A, Virag J. EphA2-receptor deficiency exacerbates myocardial infarction and reduces survival in hyperglycemic mice. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2014; 13:114. [PMID: 25166508 PMCID: PMC4147179 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-014-0114-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We have previously shown that EphrinA1/EphA expression profile changes in response to myocardial infarction (MI), exogenous EphrinA1-Fc administration following MI positively influences wound healing, and that deletion of the EphA2 Receptor (EphA2-R) exacerbates injury and remodeling. To determine whether or not ephrinA1-Fc would be of therapeutic value in the hyperglycemic infarcted heart, it is critical to evaluate how ephrinA1/EphA signaling changes in the hyperglycemic myocardium in response to MI. Methods Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemia in wild type (WT) and EphA2-receptor mutant (EphA2-R-M) mice was initiated by an intraperitoneal injection of STZ (150 mg/kg) 10 days before surgery. MI was induced by permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery and analyses were performed at 4 days post-MI. ANOVAs with Student-Newman Keuls multiple comparison post-hoc analysis illustrated which groups were significantly different, with significance of at least p < 0.05. Results Both WT and EphA2-R-M mice responded adversely to STZ, but only hyperglycemic EphA2-R-M mice had lower ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS). At 4 days post-MI, we observed greater post-MI mortality in EphA2-R-M mice compared with WT and this was greater still in the EphA2-R-M hyperglycemic mice. Although infarct size was greater in hyperglycemic WT mice vs normoglycemic mice, there was no difference between hyperglycemic EphA2-R-M mice and normoglycemic EphA2-R-M mice. The hypertrophic response that normally occurs in viable myocardium remote to the infarct was noticeably absent in epicardial cardiomyocytes and cardiac dysfunction worsened in hyperglycemic EphA2-R-M hearts post-MI. The characteristic interstitial fibrotic response in the compensating myocardium remote to the infarct also did not occur in hyperglycemic EphA2-R-M mouse hearts to the same extent as that observed in the hyperglycemic WT mouse hearts. Differences in neutrophil and pan-leukocyte infiltration and serum cytokines implicate EphA2-R in modulation of injury and the differences in ephrinA1 and EphA6-R expression in governing this are discussed. Conclusions We conclude that EphA2-mutant mice are more prone to hyperglycemia-induced increased injury, decreased survival, and worsened LV remodeling due to impaired wound healing.
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27
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Zia MI, Ghugre NR, Roifman I, Strauss BH, Walcarius R, Mohammed M, Sparkes JD, Dick AJ, Wright GA, Connelly KA. Comparison of the frequencies of myocardial edema determined by cardiac magnetic resonance in diabetic versus nondiabetic patients having percutaneous coronary intervention for ST elevation myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 2014; 113:607-12. [PMID: 24332697 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2013.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The specific mechanisms by which diabetes may affect the myocardial tissue response to ischemia are unclear. Our objective was to prospectively quantify the degree of myocardial edema in diabetics versus nondiabetics with ST elevation myocardial infarction using cardiac magnetic resonance. Fifty-two patients (16 diabetics and 36 nondiabetics) were enrolled after primary percutaneous coronary intervention and underwent cardiac magnetic resonance on a 1.5-T scanner at 48 hours and 6 months. Myocardial edema was quantified using a T2 mapping technique, and infarct size and microvascular obstruction size were assessed by way of a contrast-enhanced T1-weighted inversion recovery gradient-echo sequence. The infarct segment T2 was elevated in diabetics compared with nondiabetics (59.0 ± 8.0 vs 50.8 ± 3.1 ms, p <0.001) at 48 hours. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that diabetes (p <0.001) and symptom-to-balloon time (p = 0.04) were independent predictors of the degree of acute myocardial edema. Infarct size was nonsignificantly higher in the diabetic group at 48 hours (26.9 ± 9.4% vs 20.1 ± 10.1% of myocardium, p = 0.07) and 6 months (17.1 ± 6.3% vs 13.4 ± 6.1% of myocardium, p = 0.09). Microvascular obstruction size was equivalent in both groups, and there was a trend toward lower myocardial salvage index in diabetics (34.2 ± 11.8 vs 49.6 ± 13.4, p = 0.08). In conclusion, diabetes is associated with increased myocardial edema in the acute phase after primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Our results offer insight into the complex processes that characterize myocardial tissue response to injury in diabetic patients.
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Han Z, Cao J, Song D, Tian L, Chen K, Wang Y, Gao L, Yin Z, Fan Y, Wang C. Autophagy is involved in the cardioprotection effect of remote limb ischemic postconditioning on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in normal mice, but not diabetic mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86838. [PMID: 24466263 PMCID: PMC3900658 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent animal study and clinical trial data suggested that remote limb ischemic postconditioning (RIPostC) can invoke potent cardioprotection. However, during ischemia reperfusion injury (IR), the effect and mechanism of RIPostC on myocardium in subjects with or without diabetes mellitus (DM) are poorly understood. Autophagy plays a crucial role in alleviating myocardial IR injury. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of RIPostC on mice myocardial IR injury model with or without DM, and investigate the role of autophagy in this process. Methodology and Results Streptozocin (STZ) induced DM mice model and myocardial IR model were established. Using a noninvasive technique, RIPostC was induced in normal mice (ND) and DM mice by three cycles of ischemia (5 min) and reperfusion (5 min) in the left hindlimb. In ND group, RIPostC significantly reduced infarct size (32.6±3.0% in ND-RIPostC vs. 50.6±2.4% in ND-IR, p<0.05) and improved cardiac ejection fraction (49.70±3.46% in ND-RIPostC vs. 31.30±3.95% in ND-IR, p<0.05). However, in DM group, no RIPostC mediated cardioprotetion effect was observed. To analyze the role of autophagy, western blot and immunohistochemistry was performed. Our data showed that a decreased sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1/p62) level, an increased Beclin-1 level, and higher ratio of LC3-II/LC3-I were observed in ND RIPostC group, but not DM RIPostC group. Conclusions The current study suggested that RIPostC exerts cardioprotection effect on IR in normal mice, but not DM mice, and this difference is via, at least in part, the up-regulation of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Han
- Department of Cardiology, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, PR China
| | - Jiatian Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, PR China
| | - Dongqiang Song
- Department of Cardiology, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, PR China
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, PR China
| | - Kan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, PR China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, PR China
| | - Lin Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, PR China
| | - Zhaofang Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, PR China
| | - Yuqi Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, PR China
- * E-mail: (YF); (CW)
| | - Changqian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, PR China
- * E-mail: (YF); (CW)
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Cognet T, Vervueren PL, Dercle L, Bastié D, Richaud R, Berry M, Marchal P, Gautier M, Fouilloux A, Galinier M, Carrié D, Massabuau P, Berry I, Lairez O. New concept of myocardial longitudinal strain reserve assessed by a dipyridamole infusion using 2D-strain echocardiography: the impact of diabetes and age, and the prognostic value. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2013; 12:84. [PMID: 23759020 PMCID: PMC3685519 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-12-84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Although dipyridamole is a widely used pharmacological stress agent, the direct effects on myocardium are not entirely known. Diabetic cardiomyopathy can be investigated by 2D-strain echocardiography. The aim of this study was to assess myocardial functional reserve after dipyridamole infusion using speckle-tracking echocardiography. METHODS Seventy-five patients referred for dipyridamole stress myocardial perfusion gated SPECT (MPGS) were examined by echocardiography to assess a new concept of longitudinal strain reserve (LSR) and longitudinal strain rate reserve (LSRR) respectively defined by the differences of global longitudinal strain (GLS) and longitudinal strain rate between peak stress after dipyridamole and rest. Twelve patients with myocardial ischemia were excluded on the basis of MPGS as gold standard. RESULTS Mean LSR was -2.28±2.19% and was more important in the 28 (44%) diabetic patients (-3.27±1.93%; p=0.001). After multivariate analyses, only diabetes improved LSR (p=0.011) after dipyridamole infusion and was not associated with glycaemic control (p=0.21), insulin therapy (p=0.46) or duration of the disease (p=0.80). Conversely, age (p=0.002) remained associated with a decrease in LSR. LSSR was also correlated to age (p=0.005). Patients with a LSR<0% have a better survival after 15 months (log-rank p=0.0012). CONCLUSION LSR explored by 2D speckle-tracking echocardiography after dipyridamole infusion is a simple and new concept that provides new insights into the impact of diabetes and age on the myocardium with a potential prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Cognet
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Rangueil, Toulouse, France.
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Wang D, Luo P, Wang Y, Li W, Wang C, Sun D, Zhang R, Su T, Ma X, Zeng C, Wang H, Ren J, Cao F. Glucagon-like peptide-1 protects against cardiac microvascular injury in diabetes via a cAMP/PKA/Rho-dependent mechanism. Diabetes 2013; 62:1697-708. [PMID: 23364453 PMCID: PMC3636622 DOI: 10.2337/db12-1025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Impaired cardiac microvascular function contributes to cardiovascular complications in diabetes. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) exhibits potential cardioprotective properties in addition to its glucose-lowering effect. This study was designed to evaluate the impact of GLP-1 on cardiac microvascular injury in diabetes and the underlying mechanism involved. Experimental diabetes was induced using streptozotocin in rats. Cohorts of diabetic rats received a 12-week treatment of vildagliptin (dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor) or exenatide (GLP-1 analog). Experimental diabetes attenuated cardiac function, glucose uptake, and microvascular barrier function, which were significantly improved by vildagliptin or exenatide treatment. Cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) were isolated and cultured in normal or high glucose medium with or without GLP-1. GLP-1 decreased high-glucose-induced reactive oxygen species production and apoptotic index, as well as the levels of NADPH oxidase such as p47(phox) and gp91(phox). Furthermore, cAMP/PKA (cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity) was increased and Rho-expression was decreased in high-glucose-induced CMECs after GLP-1 treatment. In conclusion, GLP-1 could protect the cardiac microvessels against oxidative stress, apoptosis, and the resultant microvascular barrier dysfunction in diabetes, which may contribute to the improvement of cardiac function and cardiac glucose metabolism in diabetes. The protective effects of GLP-1 are dependent on downstream inhibition of Rho through a cAMP/PKA-mediated pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjuan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yabin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weijie Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dongdong Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rongqing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tao Su
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaowei Ma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chao Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haichang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, Wyoming
| | - Feng Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Corresponding author: Feng Cao, , or Jun Ren, , or Haichang Wang,
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Kishore R, Verma SK, Mackie AR, Vaughan EE, Abramova TV, Aiko I, Krishnamurthy P. Bone marrow progenitor cell therapy-mediated paracrine regulation of cardiac miRNA-155 modulates fibrotic response in diabetic hearts. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60161. [PMID: 23560074 PMCID: PMC3613379 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is associated with a higher incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) and increased risk for adverse vascular and fibrogenic events post-MI. Bone marrow-derived progenitor cell (BMPC) therapy has been shown to promote neovascularization, decrease infarct area and attenuate left ventricular (LV) dysfunction after MI. Unlike vascular effects, the anti-fibrosis mechanisms of BMPC, specifically under diabetic conditions, are poorly understood. We demonstrated that intramyocardial delivery of BMPCs in infarcted diabetic db/db mice significantly down-regulates profibrotic miRNA-155 in the myocardium and improves LV remodeling and function. Furthermore, inhibition of paracrine factor hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) signaling in vivo suppressed the BMPC-mediated inhibition of miR-155 expression and the associated protective effect on cardiac fibrosis and function. In vitro studies confirmed that the conditioned media of BMPC inhibited miR-155 expression and profibrotic signaling in mouse cardiac fibroblasts under diabetic conditions. However, neutralizing antibodies directed against HGF blocked these effects. Furthermore, miR-155 over-expression in mouse cardiac fibroblasts inhibited antifibrotic Sloan-Kettering Institute proto-oncogene (Ski) and Ski-related novel gene, non-Alu-containing (SnoN) signaling and abrogated antifibrogenic response of HGF. Together, our data demonstrates that paracrine regulation of cardiac miRNAs by transplanted BMPCs contributes to the antifibrotic effects of BMPC therapy. BMPCs release HGF, which inhibits miR-155-mediated profibrosis signaling, thereby preventing cardiac fibrosis. These data suggest that targeting miR-155 might serve as a potential therapy against cardiac fibrosis in the diabetic heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kishore
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Suresh K. Verma
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Alexander R. Mackie
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Erin E. Vaughan
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Tatiana V. Abramova
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Ito Aiko
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Prasanna Krishnamurthy
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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32
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Tian XF, Cui MX, Yang SW, Zhou YJ, Hu DAY. Cell death, dysglycemia and myocardial infarction. Biomed Rep 2013; 1:341-346. [PMID: 24648945 DOI: 10.3892/br.2013.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysglycemia (hyper- and hypoglycemia) has been associated with higher mortality among patients suffering from myocardial infarction (MI). Moreover, dysglycemia may induce cell death. Cell death (necrosis, apoptosis and autophagy) is a ubiquitous process that characterizes the course of several diseases, including MI, and occurs in diverse forms varying in mechanism, pattern and consequence. Therefore, cell death is a potential pathway through which dysglycemia affects the outcome of MI and it is essential to regulate myocardial cell death in the treatment of patients with MI caused by dysglycemia. In this review, we summarized the mechanisms of MI at the cellular level and the regulatory effects of dysglycemia on myocardial cell death. The ability to modulate myocardial cell death may be a promising target of new treatments aimed at limiting MI caused by dysglycemia. However, further research is required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying cell death regulation in MI caused by dysglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Ming-Xia Cui
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Shi-Wei Yang
- 12th Ward, Department of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029
| | - Yu-Jie Zhou
- 12th Ward, Department of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029
| | - DA-Yi Hu
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital Affiliated to Peking University, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
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Ansley DM, Wang B. Oxidative stress and myocardial injury in the diabetic heart. J Pathol 2013; 229:232-41. [PMID: 23011912 DOI: 10.1002/path.4113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Revised: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen or nitrogen species play an integral role in both myocardial injury and repair. This dichotomy is differentiated at the level of species type, amount and duration of free radical generated. Homeostatic mechanisms designed to prevent free radical generation in the first instance, scavenge, or enzymatically convert them to less toxic forms and water, playing crucial roles in the maintenance of cellular structure and function. The outcome between functional recovery and dysfunction is dependent upon the inherent ability of these homeostatic antioxidant defences to withstand acute free radical generation, in the order of seconds to minutes. Alternatively, pre-existent antioxidant capacity (from intracellular and extracellular sources) may regulate the degree of free radical generation. This converts reactive oxygen and nitrogen species to the role of second messenger involved in cell signalling. The adaptive capacity of the cell is altered by the balance between death or survival signal converging at the level of the mitochondria, with distinct pathophysiological consequences that extends the period of injury from hours to days and weeks. Hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia and insulin resistance enhance oxidative stress in the diabetic myocardium that cannot adapt to ischaemia-reperfusion. Altered glucose flux, mitochondrial derangements and nitric oxide synthase uncoupling in the presence of decreased antioxidant defence and impaired prosurvival cell signalling may render the diabetic myocardium more vulnerable to injury, remodelling and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Ansley
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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