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Bonlawar J, Setia A, Challa RR, Vallamkonda B, Mehata AK, Vaishali, Viswanadh MK, Muthu MS. Targeted Nanotheransotics: Integration of Preclinical MRI and CT in the Molecular Imaging and Therapy of Advanced Diseases. Nanotheranostics 2024; 8:401-426. [PMID: 38751937 PMCID: PMC11093717 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.95791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The integration of preclinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) methods has significantly enhanced the area of therapy and imaging of targeted nanomedicine. Nanotheranostics, which make use of nanoparticles, are a significant advancement in MRI and CT imaging. In addition to giving high-resolution anatomical features and functional information simultaneously, these multifunctional agents improve contrast when used. In addition to enabling early disease detection, precise localization, and personalised therapy monitoring, they also enable early disease detection. Fusion of MRI and CT enables precise in vivo tracking of drug-loaded nanoparticles. MRI, which provides real-time monitoring of nanoparticle distribution, accumulation, and release at the cellular and tissue levels, can be used to assess the efficacy of drug delivery systems. The precise localization of nanoparticles within the body is achievable through the use of CT imaging. This technique enhances the capabilities of MRI by providing high-resolution anatomical information. CT also allows for quantitative measurements of nanoparticle concentration, which is essential for evaluating the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of nanomedicine. In this article, we emphasize the integration of preclinical MRI and CT into molecular imaging and therapy for advanced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Bonlawar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Aseem Setia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Ranadheer Reddy Challa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Applied Sciences and Humanities, VIGNAN'S Foundation for Science, Technology & Research, Vadlamudi, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Bhaskar Vallamkonda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Applied Sciences and Humanities, VIGNAN'S Foundation for Science, Technology & Research, Vadlamudi, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishesh Kumar Mehata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Vaishali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Matte Kasi Viswanadh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, KL College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Greenfields, Vaddeswaram 522302, AP, India
| | - Madaswamy S Muthu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi-221005, India
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Ochi T, Nishiofuku H, Kure T, Saito N, Taiji R, Marugami N, Tanaka T, Sakai H. Development of liposomal contrast agent with high iodine concentration and minimal effect on renal function. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 34:101473. [PMID: 37180756 PMCID: PMC10172707 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The use of contrast media is essential to achieve high accuracy in diagnostic imaging. Iodine contrast media, one of these contrast media, has nephrotoxicity as a side effect. Therefore, the development of iodine contrast media that can reduce nephrotoxicity is expected. Since liposomes are generally adjustable in size (100-300 nm) and are not filtered by the renal glomerulus, we hypothesized that iodine contrast media could be encapsulated in liposomes and administered to avoid the nephrotoxicity of iodine contrast media. The aim of this study is to develop an iomeprol-containing liposome (IPL) agent with high iodine concentration and to investigate the effect of intravenous administration of IPL on renal function in a rat model with chronic kidney injury. Materials and methods IPLs were prepared by encapsulating an iomeprol (400mgI/mL) solution in liposomes by a kneading method using a rotation-revolution mixer. Radiodensities of iomeprol and IPL were measured. IPL or iopamidol at normal dose (0.74 g I/kg) or high dose (3.7 g I/kg) was administered to healthy and 5/6-nephrectomized rats (n = 3-6). Serum creatinine (sCr) and histopathological change of tubular epithelial cells were evaluated after injection. Results The iodine concentration of IPL was 220.7 mgI/mL, equivalent to 55.2% of the iodine concentration of iomeprol. The CT values of IPL was 4731.6 ± 53.2 HU, 59.04% that of iomeprol. The ratios of change in sCr in 5/6-nephrectomized rats that received high-dose iopamidol were 0.73, which were significantly higher than that in 5/6-nephrectomized rats that received high-dose IPL (-0.03) (p = 0.006). Change in foamy degeneration of tubular epithelial cells was confirmed in 5/6-nephrectomized rats that received high-dose iopamidol than that in the sham control group and healthy rats that received normal dose iopamiron (p = 0.016, p = 0.032, respectively). Foamy degeneration of tubular epitherial cells was rarely observed in the IPL injection group. Conclusions We developed new liposomal contrast agents that have high iodine concentration and minimal effect on renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Ochi
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Nishiofuku
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
- Corresponding author. Shijocho 840, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
| | - Tomoko Kure
- Department of Chemistry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Natsuhiko Saito
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Taiji
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Nagaaki Marugami
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Tanaka
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Hiromi Sakai
- Department of Chemistry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
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Jiang P, Liang B, Zhang Z, Fan B, Zeng L, Zhou Z, Mao Z, Xu Q, Yao W, Shen Q. New insights into nanosystems for non-small-cell lung cancer: diagnosis and treatment. RSC Adv 2023; 13:19540-19564. [PMID: 37388143 PMCID: PMC10300523 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03099g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is caused by a malignant tumor that shows the fastest growth in both incidence and mortality and is also the greatest threat to human health and life. At present, both in terms of incidence and mortality, lung cancer is the first in male malignant tumors, and the second in female malignant tumors. In the past two decades, research and development of antitumor drugs worldwide have been booming, and a large number of innovative drugs have entered clinical trials and practice. In the era of precision medicine, the concept and strategy of cancer from diagnosis to treatment are experiencing unprecedented changes. The ability of tumor diagnosis and treatment has rapidly improved, the discovery rate and cure rate of early tumors have greatly improved, and the overall survival of patients has benefited significantly, with a tendency to transform to a chronic disease with tumor. The emergence of nanotechnology brings new horizons for tumor diagnosis and treatment. Nanomaterials with good biocompatibility have played an important role in tumor imaging, diagnosis, drug delivery, controlled drug release, etc. This article mainly reviews the advancements in lipid-based nanosystems, polymer-based nanosystems, and inorganic nanosystems in the diagnosis and treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Piao Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College No. 152 Aiguo Road, Donghu District Nanchang 330006 China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Bin Liang
- Department of Oncology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College No. 152 Aiguo Road, Donghu District Nanchang 330006 China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College Nanchang China
| | - Bing Fan
- Department of Radiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College Nanchang China
| | - Lin Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College No. 152 Aiguo Road, Donghu District Nanchang 330006 China
| | - Zhiyong Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College No. 152 Aiguo Road, Donghu District Nanchang 330006 China
| | - Zhifang Mao
- Department of Oncology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College No. 152 Aiguo Road, Donghu District Nanchang 330006 China
| | - Quan Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College Nanchang China
| | - Weirong Yao
- Department of Oncology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College No. 152 Aiguo Road, Donghu District Nanchang 330006 China
| | - Qinglin Shen
- Department of Oncology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College No. 152 Aiguo Road, Donghu District Nanchang 330006 China
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College Nanchang China
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Vincenti S, Villa A, Crescenti D, Crippa E, Brunialti E, Shojaei-Ghahrizjani F, Rizzi N, Rebecchi M, Dei Cas M, Del Sole A, Paroni R, Mazzaferro V, Ciana P. Increased Sensitivity of Computed Tomography Scan for Neoplastic Tissues Using the Extracellular Vesicle Formulation of the Contrast Agent Iohexol. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122766. [PMID: 36559260 PMCID: PMC9786056 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Computed tomography (CT) is a diagnostic medical imaging modality commonly used to detect disease and injury. Contrast agents containing iodine, such as iohexol, are frequently used in CT examinations to more clearly differentiate anatomic structures and to detect and characterize abnormalities, including tumors. However, these contrast agents do not have a specific tropism for cancer cells, so the ability to detect tumors is severely limited by the degree of vascularization of the tumor itself. Identifying delivery systems allowing enrichment of contrast agents at the tumor site would increase the sensitivity of detection of tumors and metastases, potentially in organs that are normally inaccessible to contrast agents, such as the CNS. Recent work from our laboratory has identified cancer patient-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) as effective delivery vehicles for targeting diagnostic drugs to patients' tumors. Based on this premise, we explored the possibility of introducing iohexol into PDEVs for targeted delivery to neoplastic tissue. Here, we provide preclinical proof-of-principle for the tumor-targeting ability of iohexol-loaded PDEVs, which resulted in an impressive accumulation of the contrast agent selectively into the neoplastic tissue, significantly improving the ability of the contrast agent to delineate tumor boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Vincenti
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Villa
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (P.C.)
| | - Daniela Crescenti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Crippa
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Electra Brunialti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Nicoletta Rizzi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Rebecchi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Dei Cas
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Del Sole
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Rita Paroni
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mazzaferro
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- HPB Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Foundation (INT), 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Ciana
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (P.C.)
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Masanam HB, Perumal G, Krishnan S, Singh SK, Jha NK, Chellappan DK, Dua K, Gupta PK, Narasimhan AK. Advances and opportunities in nanoimaging agents for the diagnosis of inflammatory lung diseases. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022; 17:1981-2005. [PMID: 36695290 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of rapid, noninvasive diagnostics to detect lung diseases is a great need after the COVID-2019 outbreak. The nanotechnology-based approach has improved imaging and facilitates the early diagnosis of inflammatory lung diseases. The multifunctional properties of nanoprobes enable better spatial-temporal resolution and a high signal-to-noise ratio in imaging. Targeted nanoimaging agents have been used to bind specific tissues in inflammatory lungs for early-stage diagnosis. However, nanobased imaging approaches for inflammatory lung diseases are still in their infancy. This review provides a solution-focused approach to exploring medical imaging technologies and nanoprobes for the detection of inflammatory lung diseases. Prospects for the development of contrast agents for lung disease detection are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hema Brindha Masanam
- Advanced Nano-Theranostics (ANTs), Biomaterials Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India
| | - Govindaraj Perumal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Velappanchavadi, Chennai, 600 077, India.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Thandalam, Chennai, 602 105, India
| | | | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Knowledge Park III, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Piyush Kumar Gupta
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences & Research (SBSR), Sharda University, Knowledge Park III, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248002, India.,Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Ashwin Kumar Narasimhan
- Advanced Nano-Theranostics (ANTs), Biomaterials Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India
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6
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Allphin AJ, Mowery YM, Lafata KJ, Clark DP, Bassil AM, Castillo R, Odhiambo D, Holbrook MD, Ghaghada KB, Badea CT. Photon Counting CT and Radiomic Analysis Enables Differentiation of Tumors Based on Lymphocyte Burden. Tomography 2022; 8:740-753. [PMID: 35314638 PMCID: PMC8938796 DOI: 10.3390/tomography8020061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate if radiomic analysis based on spectral micro-CT with nanoparticle contrast-enhancement can differentiate tumors based on lymphocyte burden. High mutational load transplant soft tissue sarcomas were initiated in Rag2+/− and Rag2−/− mice to model varying lymphocyte burden. Mice received radiation therapy (20 Gy) to the tumor-bearing hind limb and were injected with a liposomal iodinated contrast agent. Five days later, animals underwent conventional micro-CT imaging using an energy integrating detector (EID) and spectral micro-CT imaging using a photon-counting detector (PCD). Tumor volumes and iodine uptakes were measured. The radiomic features (RF) were grouped into feature-spaces corresponding to EID, PCD, and spectral decomposition images. The RFs were ranked to reduce redundancy and increase relevance based on TL burden. A stratified repeated cross validation strategy was used to assess separation using a logistic regression classifier. Tumor iodine concentration was the only significantly different conventional tumor metric between Rag2+/− (TLs present) and Rag2−/− (TL-deficient) tumors. The RFs further enabled differentiation between Rag2+/− and Rag2−/− tumors. The PCD-derived RFs provided the highest accuracy (0.68) followed by decomposition-derived RFs (0.60) and the EID-derived RFs (0.58). Such non-invasive approaches could aid in tumor stratification for cancer therapy studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Allphin
- Quantitative Imaging and Analysis Lab, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 277101, USA; (D.P.C.); (M.D.H.)
- Correspondence: (A.J.A.); (C.T.B.)
| | - Yvonne M. Mowery
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (Y.M.M.); (K.J.L.); (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (D.O.)
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kyle J. Lafata
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (Y.M.M.); (K.J.L.); (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (D.O.)
- Department of Radiology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Darin P. Clark
- Quantitative Imaging and Analysis Lab, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 277101, USA; (D.P.C.); (M.D.H.)
| | - Alex M. Bassil
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (Y.M.M.); (K.J.L.); (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (D.O.)
| | - Rico Castillo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (Y.M.M.); (K.J.L.); (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (D.O.)
| | - Diana Odhiambo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (Y.M.M.); (K.J.L.); (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (D.O.)
| | - Matthew D. Holbrook
- Quantitative Imaging and Analysis Lab, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 277101, USA; (D.P.C.); (M.D.H.)
| | - Ketan B. Ghaghada
- E.B. Singleton Department of Radiology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cristian T. Badea
- Quantitative Imaging and Analysis Lab, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 277101, USA; (D.P.C.); (M.D.H.)
- Correspondence: (A.J.A.); (C.T.B.)
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Clark D, Badea C. Advances in micro-CT imaging of small animals. Phys Med 2021; 88:175-192. [PMID: 34284331 PMCID: PMC8447222 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2021.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Micron-scale computed tomography (micro-CT) imaging is a ubiquitous, cost-effective, and non-invasive three-dimensional imaging modality. We review recent developments and applications of micro-CT for preclinical research. METHODS Based on a comprehensive review of recent micro-CT literature, we summarize features of state-of-the-art hardware and ongoing challenges and promising research directions in the field. RESULTS Representative features of commercially available micro-CT scanners and some new applications for both in vivo and ex vivo imaging are described. New advancements include spectral scanning using dual-energy micro-CT based on energy-integrating detectors or a new generation of photon-counting x-ray detectors (PCDs). Beyond two-material discrimination, PCDs enable quantitative differentiation of intrinsic tissues from one or more extrinsic contrast agents. When these extrinsic contrast agents are incorporated into a nanoparticle platform (e.g. liposomes), novel micro-CT imaging applications are possible such as combined therapy and diagnostic imaging in the field of cancer theranostics. Another major area of research in micro-CT is in x-ray phase contrast (XPC) imaging. XPC imaging opens CT to many new imaging applications because phase changes are more sensitive to density variations in soft tissues than standard absorption imaging. We further review the impact of deep learning on micro-CT. We feature several recent works which have successfully applied deep learning to micro-CT data, and we outline several challenges specific to micro-CT. CONCLUSIONS All of these advancements establish micro-CT imaging at the forefront of preclinical research, able to provide anatomical, functional, and even molecular information while serving as a testbench for translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- D.P. Clark
- Quantitative Imaging and Analysis Lab, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - C.T. Badea
- Quantitative Imaging and Analysis Lab, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
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Starosolski Z, Courtney AN, Srivastava M, Guo L, Stupin I, Metelitsa LS, Annapragada A, Ghaghada KB. A Nanoradiomics Approach for Differentiation of Tumors Based on Tumor-Associated Macrophage Burden. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2021; 2021:6641384. [PMID: 34220380 PMCID: PMC8216795 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6641384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) within the tumor immune microenvironment (TiME) of solid tumors play an important role in treatment resistance and disease recurrence. The purpose of this study was to investigate if nanoradiomics (radiomic analysis of nanoparticle contrast-enhanced images) can differentiate tumors based on TAM burden. Materials and Methods In vivo studies were performed in transgenic mouse models of neuroblastoma with low (N = 11) and high (N = 10) tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) burden. Animals underwent delayed nanoparticle contrast-enhanced CT (n-CECT) imaging at 4 days after intravenous administration of liposomal-iodine agent (1.1 g/kg). CT imaging-derived conventional tumor metrics (tumor volume and CT attenuation) were computed for segmented tumor CT datasets. Nanoradiomic analysis was performed using a PyRadiomics workflow implemented in the quantitative image feature pipeline (QIFP) server containing 900 radiomic features (RFs). RF selection was performed under supervised machine learning using a nonparametric neighborhood component method. A 5-fold validation was performed using a set of linear and nonlinear classifiers for group separation. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results N-CECT imaging demonstrated heterogeneous patterns of signal enhancement in low and high TAM tumors. CT imaging-derived conventional tumor metrics showed no significant differences (p > 0.05) in tumor volume between low and high TAM tumors. Tumor CT attenuation was not significantly different (p > 0.05) between low and high TAM tumors. Machine learning-augmented nanoradiomic analysis revealed two RFs that differentiated (p < 0.002) low TAM and high TAM tumors. The RFs were used to build a linear classifier that demonstrated very high accuracy and further confirmed by 5-fold cross-validation. Conclusions Imaging-derived conventional tumor metrics were unable to differentiate tumors with varying TAM burden; however, nanoradiomic analysis revealed texture differences and enabled differentiation of low and high TAM tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zbigniew Starosolski
- Edward B. Singleton Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Amy N. Courtney
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mayank Srivastava
- Edward B. Singleton Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Linjie Guo
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Igor Stupin
- Edward B. Singleton Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Leonid S. Metelitsa
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ananth Annapragada
- Edward B. Singleton Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ketan B. Ghaghada
- Edward B. Singleton Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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9
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Serkova NJ, Glunde K, Haney CR, Farhoud M, De Lille A, Redente EF, Simberg D, Westerly DC, Griffin L, Mason RP. Preclinical Applications of Multi-Platform Imaging in Animal Models of Cancer. Cancer Res 2021; 81:1189-1200. [PMID: 33262127 PMCID: PMC8026542 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-0373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In animal models of cancer, oncologic imaging has evolved from a simple assessment of tumor location and size to sophisticated multimodality exploration of molecular, physiologic, genetic, immunologic, and biochemical events at microscopic to macroscopic levels, performed noninvasively and sometimes in real time. Here, we briefly review animal imaging technology and molecular imaging probes together with selected applications from recent literature. Fast and sensitive optical imaging is primarily used to track luciferase-expressing tumor cells, image molecular targets with fluorescence probes, and to report on metabolic and physiologic phenotypes using smart switchable luminescent probes. MicroPET/single-photon emission CT have proven to be two of the most translational modalities for molecular and metabolic imaging of cancers: immuno-PET is a promising and rapidly evolving area of imaging research. Sophisticated MRI techniques provide high-resolution images of small metastases, tumor inflammation, perfusion, oxygenation, and acidity. Disseminated tumors to the bone and lung are easily detected by microCT, while ultrasound provides real-time visualization of tumor vasculature and perfusion. Recently available photoacoustic imaging provides real-time evaluation of vascular patency, oxygenation, and nanoparticle distributions. New hybrid instruments, such as PET-MRI, promise more convenient combination of the capabilities of each modality, enabling enhanced research efficacy and throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie J Serkova
- Department of Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
- Animal Imaging Shared Resource, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Kristine Glunde
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, and the Sydney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Chad R Haney
- Center for Advanced Molecular Imaging, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | | | | | | | - Dmitri Simberg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - David C Westerly
- Animal Imaging Shared Resource, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Lynn Griffin
- Department of Radiology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Ralph P Mason
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas
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10
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Badea CT. Principles of Micro X-ray Computed Tomography. Mol Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816386-3.00006-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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11
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Chandrasekaran R, Madheswaran T, Tharmalingam N, Bose RJ, Park H, Ha DH. Labeling and tracking cells with gold nanoparticles. Drug Discov Today 2020; 26:94-105. [PMID: 33130336 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have garnered much attention as contrast agents for computerized tomography (CT) because of their facile synthesis and surface functionalization, in addition to their significant X-ray attenuation and minimal cytotoxicity. Cell labeling using AuNPs and tracking of the labeled cells using CT has become a time-efficient and cost-effective method. Actively targeted AuNPs can enhance CT contrast and sensitivity, and further reduce the radiation dosage needed during CT imaging. In this review, we summarize the state-of-the-art use of AuNPs in CT for cell tracking, including the precautionary steps necessary for their use and the difficulty in translating the process into clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thiagarajan Madheswaran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, No. 126 Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nagendran Tharmalingam
- Infectious Diseases Division, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Rajendran Jc Bose
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Masonic Medical Research Institute, Utica, NY, USA
| | - Hansoo Park
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Don-Hyung Ha
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Devkota L, Starosolski Z, Rivas CH, Stupin I, Annapragada A, Ghaghada KB, Parihar R. Detection of response to tumor microenvironment-targeted cellular immunotherapy using nano-radiomics. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaba6156. [PMID: 32832602 PMCID: PMC7439308 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba6156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapies, including cell-based therapies, targeting the tumor microenvironment (TME) result in variable and delayed responses. Thus, it has been difficult to gauge the efficacy of TME-directed therapies early after administration. We investigated a nano-radiomics approach (quantitative analysis of nanoparticle contrast-enhanced three-dimensional images) for detection of tumor response to cellular immunotherapy directed against myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a key component of TME. Animals bearing human MDSC-containing solid tumor xenografts received treatment with MDSC-targeting human natural killer (NK) cells and underwent nanoparticle contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) imaging. Whereas conventional CT-derived tumor metrics were unable to differentiate NK cell immunotherapy tumors from untreated tumors, nano-radiomics revealed texture-based features capable of differentiating treatment groups. Our study shows that TME-directed cellular immunotherapy causes subtle changes not effectively gauged by conventional imaging metrics but revealed by nano-radiomics. Our work provides a method for noninvasive assessment of TME-directed immunotherapy potentially applicable to numerous solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laxman Devkota
- Singleton Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zbigniew Starosolski
- Singleton Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Charlotte H. Rivas
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Igor Stupin
- Singleton Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ananth Annapragada
- Singleton Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ketan B. Ghaghada
- Singleton Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robin Parihar
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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13
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Spiro JE, Rinneburger M, Hedderich DM, Jokic M, Reinhardt HC, Maintz D, Palmowski M, Persigehl T. Monitoring treatment effects in lung cancer-bearing mice: clinical CT and clinical MRI compared to micro-CT. Eur Radiol Exp 2020; 4:31. [PMID: 32399584 PMCID: PMC7218036 DOI: 10.1186/s41747-020-00160-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Compared to histology-based methods, imaging can reduce animal usage in preclinical studies. However, availability of dedicated scanners is limited. We evaluated clinical computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in comparison to dedicated CT (micro-CT) for assessing therapy effects in lung cancer-bearing mice. Methods Animals received cisplatin (n = 10), sham (n = 12), or no treatment (n = 9). All were examined via micro-CT, CT, and MRI before and after treatment. Semiautomated tumour burden (TB) calculation was performed. The Bland-Altman, receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and Spearman statistics were used. Results All modalities always allowed localising and measuring TB. At all modalities, mice treated with cisplatin showed a TB reduction (p ≤ 0.012) while sham-treated and untreated individuals presented tumour growth (p < 0.001). Mean relative difference (limits of agreement) between TB on micro-CT and clinical scanners was 24.7% (21.7–27.7%) for CT and 2.9% (−4.0–9.8%) for MRI. Relative TB changes before/after treatment were not different between micro-CT and CT (p = 0.074) or MRI (p = 0.241). Mice with cisplatin treatment were discriminated from those with sham or no treatment at all modalities (p ≤ 0.001). Using micro-CT as reference standard, ROC areas under the curves were 0.988–1.000 for CT and 0.946–0.957 for MRI. TB changes were highly correlated across modalities (r ≥ 0.900, p < 0.001). Conclusions Clinical CT and MRI are suitable for treatment response evaluation in lung cancer-bearing mice. When dedicated scanners are unavailable, they should be preferred to improve animal welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith E Spiro
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany. .,Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
| | - Miriam Rinneburger
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dennis M Hedderich
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Mladen Jokic
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hans Christian Reinhardt
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division I, Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Straße 21, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - David Maintz
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Moritz Palmowski
- Institute of Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Aachen, Forckenbeckstr. 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,Radiology Baden-Baden, Beethovenstr. 2, 76530, Baden-Baden, Germany
| | - Thorsten Persigehl
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
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14
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Delama A, Teixeira MI, Dorati R, Genta I, Conti B, Lamprou DA. Microfluidic encapsulation method to produce stable liposomes containing iohexol. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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15
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Badea CT, Clark DP, Holbrook M, Srivastava M, Mowery Y, Ghaghada KB. Functional imaging of tumor vasculature using iodine and gadolinium-based nanoparticle contrast agents: a comparison of spectral micro-CT using energy integrating and photon counting detectors. Phys Med Biol 2019; 64:065007. [PMID: 30708357 PMCID: PMC6607440 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ab03e2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Advances in computed tomography (CT) hardware have propelled the development of novel CT contrast agents. In particular, the spectral capabilities of x-ray CT can facilitate simultaneous imaging of multiple contrast agents. This approach is particularly useful for functional imaging of solid tumors by simultaneous visualization of multiple targets or architectural features that govern cancer development and progression. Nanoparticles are a promising platform for contrast agent development. While several novel imaging moieties based on high atomic number elements are being explored, iodine (I) and gadolinium (Gd) are particularly attractive because of their existing approval for clinical use. In this work, we investigate the in vivo discrimination of I and Gd nanoparticle contrast agents using both dual energy micro-CT with energy integrating detectors (DE-EID) and photon counting detector (PCD)-based spectral micro-CT. Simulations and phantom experiments were performed using varying concentrations of I and Gd to determine the imaging performance with optimized acquisition parameters. Quantitative spectral micro-CT imaging using liposomal-iodine (Lip-I) and liposomal-Gd (Lip-Gd) nanoparticle contrast agents was performed in sarcoma bearing mice for anatomical and functional imaging of tumor vasculature. Iterative reconstruction provided high sensitivity to detect and discriminate relatively low I and Gd concentrations. According to the Rose criterion applied to the experimental results, the detectability limits for I and Gd were approximately 2.5 mg ml-1 for both DE-EID CT and PCD micro-CT, even if the radiation dose was approximately 3.8 times lower with PCD micro-CT. The material concentration maps confirmed expected biodistributions of contrast agents in the blood, liver, spleen and kidneys. The PCD provided lower background signal and better simultaneous visualization of tumor vasculature and intratumoral distribution patterns of nanoparticle contrast agent compared to DE-EID decompositions. Preclinical spectral CT systems such as this could be useful for functional characterization of solid tumors, simultaneous quantitative imaging of multiple targets and for identifying clinically-relevant applications that benefit from the use of spectral imaging. Additionally, it could aid in the development nanoparticles that show promise in the developing field of cancer theranostics (therapy and diagnostics) by measuring vascular tumor biomarkers such as fractional blood volume and the delivery of liposomal chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Badea
- Department of Radiology, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America.,http://civm.duhs.duke.edu/.,Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed
| | - D P Clark
- Department of Radiology, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
| | - M Holbrook
- Department of Radiology, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
| | - M Srivastava
- Singleton Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Y Mowery
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
| | - K B Ghaghada
- Singleton Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
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16
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Fan W, Tang W, Lau J, Shen Z, Xie J, Shi J, Chen X. Breaking the Depth Dependence by Nanotechnology-Enhanced X-Ray-Excited Deep Cancer Theranostics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1806381. [PMID: 30698854 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The advancements in nanotechnology have created multifunctional nanomaterials aimed at enhancing diagnostic accuracy and treatment efficacy for cancer. However, the ability to target deep-seated tumors remains one of the most critical challenges for certain nanomedicine applications. To this end, X-ray-excited theranostic techniques provide a means of overcoming the limits of light penetration and tissue attenuation. Herein, a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in nanotechnology-enhanced X-ray-excited imaging and therapeutic methodologies is presented, with an emphasis on the design of multifunctional nanomaterials for contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) imaging, X-ray-excited optical luminescence (XEOL) imaging, and X-ray-excited multimodal synchronous/synergistic therapy. The latter is based on the concurrent use of radiotherapy with chemotherapy, gas therapy, photodynamic therapy, or immunotherapy. Moreover, the featured biomedical applications of X-ray-excited deep theranostics are discussed to highlight the advantages of X-ray in high-sensitivity detection and efficient elimination of malignant tumors. Finally, key issues and technical challenges associated with this deep theranostic technology are identified, with the intention of advancing its translation into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpei Fan
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Wei Tang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Joseph Lau
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Zheyu Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jin Xie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Jianlin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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17
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Koç MM, Aslan N, Kao AP, Barber AH. Evaluation of X-ray tomography contrast agents: A review of production, protocols, and biological applications. Microsc Res Tech 2019; 82:812-848. [PMID: 30786098 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
X-ray computed tomography is a strong tool that finds many applications both in medical applications and in the investigation of biological and nonbiological samples. In the clinics, X-ray tomography is widely used for diagnostic purposes whose three-dimensional imaging in high resolution helps physicians to obtain detailed image of investigated regions. Researchers in biological sciences and engineering use X-ray tomography because it is a nondestructive method to assess the structure of their samples. In both medical and biological applications, visualization of soft tissues and structures requires special treatment, in which special contrast agents are used. In this detailed report, molecule-based and nanoparticle-based contrast agents used in biological applications to enhance the image quality were compiled and reported. Special contrast agent applications and protocols to enhance the contrast for the biological applications and works to develop nanoparticle contrast agents to enhance the contrast for targeted drug delivery and general imaging applications were also assessed and listed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mümin Mehmet Koç
- School of Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom.,Department of Physics, Kirklareli University, Kirklareli, Turkey
| | - Naim Aslan
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Munzur University, Tunceli, Turkey
| | - Alexander P Kao
- School of Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Asa H Barber
- School of Engineering, London South Bank University, London, United Kingdom
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18
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Translational Nanodiagnostics for In Vivo Cancer Detection. Bioanalysis 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-01775-0_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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19
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Korolev DV, Postnov VN, Evreinova NV, Babikova KY, Naumysheva EB, Shulmeister GA, Magruk MA, Mishanin VI, Toropova YG, Gareev KG, Murin IV. Synthesis of Magnetic Nanoparticles with Radiopaque Marker. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363218120381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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Hainfeld JF, Ridwan SM, Stanishevskiy Y, Smilowitz NR, Davis J, Smilowitz HM. Small, Long Blood Half-Life Iodine Nanoparticle for Vascular and Tumor Imaging. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13803. [PMID: 30218059 PMCID: PMC6138673 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31940-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Standard clinical X-ray contrast agents are small iodine-containing molecules that are rapidly cleared by the kidneys and provide robust imaging for only a few seconds, thereby limiting more extensive vascular and tissue biodistribution imaging as well as optimal tumor uptake. They are also not generally useful for preclinical microCT imaging where longer scan times are required for high resolution image acquisition. We here describe a new iodine nanoparticle contrast agent that has a unique combination of properties: 20 nm hydrodynamic diameter, covalent PEG coating, 40 hour blood half-life, 50% liver clearance after six months, accumulation in tumors, and well-tolerated to at least 4 g iodine/kg body weight after intravenous administration in mice. These characteristics are unique among the other iodine nanoparticles that have been previously reported and provide extended-time high contrast vascular imaging and tumor loading. As such, it is useful for preclinical MicroCT animal studies. Potential human applications might include X-ray radiation dose enhancement for cancer therapy and vascular imaging for life-threatening situations where high levels of contrast are needed for extended periods of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- James F Hainfeld
- Nanoprobes, Inc., 95 Horseblock Rd. Unit 1, Yaphank, NY, 11980, USA.
| | - Sharif M Ridwan
- University of Connecticut Health Center, Department of Cell Biology, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | | | - Nathaniel R Smilowitz
- New York University School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine 550 First Avenue, HCC-14 Catheterization Laboratory New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - James Davis
- Stony Brook University Hospital, Hospital Level 2, Rm 755, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8691, USA
| | - Henry M Smilowitz
- University of Connecticut Health Center, Department of Cell Biology, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
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21
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Gao J, Li L, Liu X, Guo R, Zhao B. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging with a novel nano-size contrast agent for the clinical diagnosis of patients with lung cancer. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:5415-5421. [PMID: 29904421 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) efficiently diagnoses lung cancer. However, the efficacy of MRI in diagnosing lung cancer requires improving for patients in the early stage of the disease. In the present study, a novel nano-sized contrast agent of chistosan/Fe3O4-enclosed bispecific antibodies (BsAbCENS) was introduced, which targeted carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in lung cancer cells. The diagnostic efficacy of contrast-enhanced MRI with BsAbCENS (CEMRI-BsAbCENS) was investigated in a total of 182 patients with suspected lung cancer who had high serum levels of CEA and NSE. BsAbCENS was administered by pulmonary inhalation prior to the MRI scan. The results revealed that CEA and NSE were overexpressed in human lung cancer cell lines. BsAbCENS bound with CEA and NSE on the surface of human lung cancer cells and produced a higher signal intensity than MRI alone for the diagnosis of patients with lung cancer. The diagnostic data revealed that CEMRI-BsAbCENS diagnosed 124/182 lung cancer cases, whereas CEMRI only diagnosed 98/182, which was significantly less (P<0.01). In addition, the survival rate of patients with lung cancer diagnosed by CEMRI-BsAbCENS was significantly higher than the mean 5-year survival rate (P<0.01). Furthermore, the pharmacodynamics demonstrated that BsAbCENS was metabolized within 24 h. The results of the present study indicate that the efficacy and accuracy of lung cancer diagnosis are improved by CEMRI-BsAbCENS. In conclusion, these results provide a potential novel protocol for the diagnosis of tumors in patients with suspected early stage lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Gao
- Department of MRI, Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China.,Department of Radiology, Tai'an First People's Hospital, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College (Municipal Central Hospital of Qingdao), Qingdao, Shandong 266042, P.R. China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tai'an First People's Hospital, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zhangqiu People's Hospital, Zhangqiu, Shandong 250200, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of MRI, Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
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22
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Mahara A, Enmi JI, Hsu YI, Kobayashi N, Hirano Y, Iida H, Yamaoka T. Superfine Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Cerebrovasculature Using Self-Assembled Branched Polyethylene Glycol-Gd Contrast Agent. Macromol Biosci 2018; 18:e1700391. [PMID: 29665311 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201700391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance angiography is an attractive method for the visualization of the cerebrovasculature, but small-sized vessels are hard to visualize with the current clinically approved agents. In this study, a polymeric contrast agent for the superfine imaging of the cerebrovasculature is presented. Eight-arm polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of ≈17 000 Da conjugated with a Gd chelate and fluorescein (F-8-arm PEG-Gd) is used. The relaxivity rate is 9.3 × 10-3 m-1 s-1 , which is threefold higher than that of free Gd chelate. Light scattering analysis reveals that F-8-arm PEG-Gd is formed by self-assembly. When the F-8-arm PEG-Gd is intravenously injected, cerebrovasculature as small as 100 µm in diameter is clearly visualized. However, signals are not enhanced when Gd chelate and Gd chelate-conjugated 8-arm PEG are injected. Furthermore, small vasculature around infarct region in rat stroke model can be visualized. These results suggest that F-8-arm PEG-Gd enhances the MR imaging of cerebrovasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Mahara
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichiro Enmi
- Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
| | - Yu-I Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
| | - Naoki Kobayashi
- Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamatecho, Suita, Osaka, 565-8680, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Hirano
- Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamatecho, Suita, Osaka, 565-8680, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Iida
- Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Yamaoka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
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23
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Ehlerding EB, Grodzinski P, Cai W, Liu CH. Big Potential from Small Agents: Nanoparticles for Imaging-Based Companion Diagnostics. ACS NANO 2018; 12:2106-2121. [PMID: 29462554 PMCID: PMC5878691 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b07252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The importance of medical imaging in the diagnosis and monitoring of cancer cannot be overstated. As personalized cancer treatments are gaining popularity, a need for more advanced imaging techniques has grown significantly. Nanoparticles are uniquely suited to fill this void, not only as imaging contrast agents but also as companion diagnostics. This review provides an overview of many ways nanoparticle imaging agents have contributed to cancer imaging, both preclinically and in the clinic, as well as charting future directions in companion diagnostics. We conclude that, while nanoparticle-based imaging agents are not without considerable scientific and developmental challenges, they enable enhanced imaging in nearly every modality, hold potential as in vivo companion diagnostics, and offer precise cancer treatment and maximize intervention efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily B. Ehlerding
- Office of Cancer Nanotechnology Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Piotr Grodzinski
- Office of Cancer Nanotechnology Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Weibo Cai
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Christina H. Liu
- Office of Cancer Nanotechnology Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
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Gallastegui A, Cheung J, Southard T, Hume KR. Volumetric and linear measurements of lung tumor burden from non-gated micro-CT imaging correlate with histological analysis in a genetically engineered mouse model of non-small cell lung cancer. Lab Anim 2018; 52:457-469. [PMID: 29436921 DOI: 10.1177/0023677218756457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In vivo micro-computed tomography (CT) imaging allows longitudinal studies of pulmonary neoplasms in genetically engineered mouse models. Respiratory gating increases the accuracy of lung tumor measurements but lengthens anesthesia time in animals that may be at increased risk for complications. We hypothesized that semiautomated, volumetric, and linear tumor measurements performed in micro-CT images from non-gated scans would have correlation with histological findings. Primary lung tumors were induced in eight FVB mice with two transgenes (FVB/N-Tg(tetO-Kras2)12Hev/J; FVB.Cg-Tg(Scgb1a1-rtTA)1Jaw/J). Non-gated micro-CT scans were performed and the lungs were subsequently harvested. In the acquired micro-CT scans, measurements of all identified tumors were determined using the following methods: semiautomated three-dimensional (3D) volume, ellipsoid volume, Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST; sum of largest axial (i.e., transverse) diameter from five tumors), sum of largest axial diameters from all tumors (modified RECIST), and average axial diameter. For histological analysis, all five lung lobes were analyzed and the tumor area was summed from measurements made on five histological sections that were 300 µm apart from each other (covering a total depth of 1200 µm). All micro-CT measurement methods had very strong correlation with histological tumor burden (Pearson's correlation coefficient, 0.87 ( p = 0.0053) -0.98 ( p < 0.0001)). The only methods found to have different correlations were the semiautomated 3D method and the RECIST method (Williams' test for dependent overlapping correlations, p = 0.013). Our results suggest quantification of lung tumor burden from non-gated micro-CT imaging will reflect histological differences between mice and can therefore be used for between-group comparisons or when concerns about systemic health of research animals may limit lengthy anesthetic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Gallastegui
- 1 Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, USA
| | - James Cheung
- 2 Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, USA
| | - Teresa Southard
- 3 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, USA
| | - Kelly R Hume
- 2 Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, USA
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Salvi R, Cerqueira-Coutinho C, Ricci-Junior E, Dos Santos SN, Pinto SR, Bernardes ES, Barros de Araujo PL, Santos-Oliveira R. Diagnosing lung cancer using etoposide microparticles labeled with 99mTc. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 46:341-345. [PMID: 28355888 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2017.1307848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The diagnosis of lung cancer mostly occurs when the cancer is already in an advanced stage. In this situation, there are few options for the treatment and most of them have few chances of success. In this study, we developed and tested etoposide microparticles as a diagnostic agent for imaging lung cancer at early stages of development. We tested etoposide microparticles labeled with technetium 99m in inducted mice. The results demonstrated that over 10% of the total dose used was uptake by the tumor site. Also, the results showed that the microparticles had a good renal clearance and low uptake by liver and spleen. The data suggest that these micro-radiopharmaceuticals may be used for lung cancer imaging exam, especially single-photo emission computed tomography (SPECT).[Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Salvi
- a Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission , Northeast Center of Nuclear Science, Radiopharmacy Center , Pernambuco , Brazil
| | - Cristal Cerqueira-Coutinho
- b Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Institute of Macromolecules Eloisa Mano , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Eduardo Ricci-Junior
- c Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , College of Pharmacy , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | | | - Suyene Rocha Pinto
- d Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission , Nuclear Engineering Institute , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | | | | | - Ralph Santos-Oliveira
- d Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission , Nuclear Engineering Institute , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
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Heterogeneity of macrophage infiltration and therapeutic response in lung carcinoma revealed by 3D organ imaging. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14293. [PMID: 28176769 PMCID: PMC5309815 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Involvement of the immune system in tumour progression is at the forefront of cancer research. Analysis of the tumour immune microenvironment has yielded a wealth of information on tumour biology, and alterations in some immune subtypes, such as tumour-associated macrophages (TAM), can be strong prognostic indicators. Here, we use optical tissue clearing and a TAM-targeting injectable fluorescent nanoparticle (NP) to examine three-dimensional TAM composition, tumour-to-tumour heterogeneity, response to colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) blockade and nanoparticle-based drug delivery in murine pulmonary carcinoma. The method allows for rapid tumour volume assessment and spatial information on TAM infiltration at the cellular level in entire lungs. This method reveals that TAM density was heterogeneous across tumours in the same animal, overall TAM density is different among separate pulmonary tumour models, nanotherapeutic drug delivery correlated with TAM heterogeneity, and successful response to CSF-1R blockade is characterized by enhanced TAM penetration throughout and within tumours. Tumour-associated macrophages (TAM) can be used as prognostic indicators in cancer. Here, the authors establish a platform for high-throughput 3D microscopy in murine lung carcinoma that allows to visualize TAMs infiltration throughout the entire lung, response to CSF-1R blockade and nanoparticle drug delivery.
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Ghaghada KB, Starosolski ZA, Lakoma A, Kaffes C, Agarwal S, Athreya KK, Shohet J, Kim E, Annapragada A. Heterogeneous Uptake of Nanoparticles in Mouse Models of Pediatric High-Risk Neuroblastoma. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165877. [PMID: 27861510 PMCID: PMC5115667 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Liposomal chemotherapeutics are exemplified by DOXIL® are commonly used in adult cancers. While these agents exhibit improved safety profile compared to their free drug counterparts, their treatment response rates have been ~ 20%, often attributed to the heterogeneous intratumoral uptake and distribution of liposomal nanoparticles. Non-invasive and quantitative monitoring of the uptake and distribution of liposomal nanoparticles in solid tumors could allow for patient stratification and personalized cancer nanomedicine. In this study, the variability of liposomal nanoparticle intratumoral distribution and uptake in orthotopic models of pediatric neuroblastoma was investigated using a liposomal nanoprobe visualized by high-resolution computed tomography (CT). Two human neuroblastoma cell lines (NGP: a MYCN-amplified line, and SH-SY5Y a MYCN non-amplified line) were implanted in the renal capsule of nude mice to establish the model. Intratumoral nanoparticle uptake was measured at tumor ages 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks post implantation. The locations of uptake within the tumor were mapped in the 3-dimensional reconstructed images. Total uptake was measured by integration of the x-ray absorption signal over the intratumoral uptake locations. Both tumor models showed significant variation in nanoparticle uptake as the tumors aged. Observation of the uptake patterns suggested that the nanoparticle uptake was dominated by vascular leak at the surface/periphery of the tumor, and localized, heterogeneous vascular leak in the interior of the tumor. Slow growing SH-SY5Y tumors demonstrated uptake that correlated directly with the tumor volume. Faster growing NGP tumor uptake did not correlate with any tumor geometric parameters, including tumor volume, tumor surface area, and R30 and R50, measures of uptake localized to the interior of the tumor. However, uptake for both SH-SY5Y and NGP tumors correlated almost perfectly with the leak volume, as measured by CT. These results suggest that the uptake of nanoparticles is heterogeneous and not governed by tumor geometry. An imaging nanoprobe remains the best measure of nanoparticle uptake in these tumor models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketan B. Ghaghada
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Zbigniew A. Starosolski
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Anna Lakoma
- Michael E. DeBakey, Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Caterina Kaffes
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Saurabh Agarwal
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology and Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Khannan K. Athreya
- University of Texas Medical School at Houston, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jason Shohet
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology and Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Eugene Kim
- Michael E. DeBakey, Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ananth Annapragada
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Liu X, Gao C, Gu J, Jiang Y, Yang X, Li S, Gao W, An T, Duan H, Fu J, Wang Y, Yang X. Hyaluronic Acid Stabilized Iodine-Containing Nanoparticles with Au Nanoshell Coating for X-ray CT Imaging and Photothermal Therapy of Tumors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:27622-27631. [PMID: 27686162 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b11918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, considerable efforts have been made for the development of multifunctional nanoparticles with diagnosis and therapy functions. To achieve enhanced CT imaging and photothermal therapy on the tumor, we employed iodinated nanoparticles as template to construct Au nanoshell structure and demonstrated a facile but effective approach to synthesize biocompatible and well-dispersed multifunctional nanoparticles by coating iodinated nanoparticles with Au nanoshell and subsequent surface modification by hyaluronic acid. The resultant poly(2-methacryl(3-amide-2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid))/polyethylenimine/Au nanoshell/hyaluronic acid (PMATIB/PEI/Au nanoshell/HA) nanoparticles had relatively high X-ray attenuation coefficient and photothermal efficiency. After intravenous injection into MCF-7 tumor-bearing mice, PMATIB/PEI/Au nanoshell/HA nanoparticles were efficiently accumulated in the tumor, remarkably enhanced the tumor CT imaging, and selectively ablated the tumor through the thermal treatment of lesions under the NIR irradiation. Thus, PMATIB/PEI/Au nanoshell/HA nanoparticles displayed a great potential for CT diagnosis and CT-guided, focused photothermal tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghua Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Basic Medical Research Center, Tianjin Medical University , No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, PR China
| | - Chunhui Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Basic Medical Research Center, Tianjin Medical University , No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, PR China
| | - Junheng Gu
- Tianjin Chest Hospital , Tianjin 300051, PR China
| | - Yunfang Jiang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Basic Medical Research Center, Tianjin Medical University , No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, PR China
| | - Xinlin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Shaoyong Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Basic Medical Research Center, Tianjin Medical University , No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, PR China
| | - Wei Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Basic Medical Research Center, Tianjin Medical University , No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, PR China
| | - Tong An
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Basic Medical Research Center, Tianjin Medical University , No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, PR China
| | - Hongquan Duan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Basic Medical Research Center, Tianjin Medical University , No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, PR China
| | - Jingwei Fu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Basic Medical Research Center, Tianjin Medical University , No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, PR China
| | - Yinsong Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Basic Medical Research Center, Tianjin Medical University , No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Basic Medical Research Center, Tianjin Medical University , No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, PR China
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Digesu CS, Hofferberth SC, Grinstaff MW, Colson YL. From Diagnosis to Treatment: Clinical Applications of Nanotechnology in Thoracic Surgery. Thorac Surg Clin 2016; 26:215-28. [PMID: 27112260 PMCID: PMC4851727 DOI: 10.1016/j.thorsurg.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is an emerging field with potential as an adjunct to cancer therapy, particularly thoracic surgery. Therapy can be delivered to tumors in a more targeted fashion, with less systemic toxicity. Nanoparticles may aid in diagnosis, preoperative characterization, and intraoperative localization of thoracic tumors and their lymphatics. Focused research into nanotechnology's ability to deliver both diagnostics and therapeutics has led to the development of nanotheranostics, which promises to improve the treatment of thoracic malignancies through enhanced tumor targeting, controlled drug delivery, and therapeutic monitoring. This article reviews nanoplatforms, their unique properties, and the potential for clinical application in thoracic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S Digesu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 15 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sophie C Hofferberth
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 15 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mark W Grinstaff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Metcalf Science Center, Boston University, SCI 518, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Chemistry, Metcalf Science Center, Boston University, SCI 518, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Metcalf Science Center, Boston University, SCI 518, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yolonda L Colson
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 15 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 15 Francis St, Boston, MA 02155, USA.
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30
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Ghaghada KB, Sato AF, Starosolski ZA, Berg J, Vail DM. Computed Tomography Imaging of Solid Tumors Using a Liposomal-Iodine Contrast Agent in Companion Dogs with Naturally Occurring Cancer. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152718. [PMID: 27031614 PMCID: PMC4816501 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Companion dogs with naturally occurring cancer serve as an important large animal model in translational research because they share strong similarities with human cancers. In this study, we investigated a long circulating liposomal-iodine contrast agent (Liposomal-I) for computed tomography (CT) imaging of solid tumors in companion dogs with naturally occurring cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The institutional animal ethics committees approved the study and written informed consent was obtained from all owners. Thirteen dogs (mean age 10.1 years) with a variety of masses including primary and metastatic liver tumors, sarcomas, mammary carcinoma and lung tumors, were enrolled in the study. CT imaging was performed pre-contrast and at 15 minutes and 24 hours after intravenous administration of Liposomal-I (275 mg/kg iodine dose). Conventional contrast-enhanced CT imaging was performed in a subset of dogs, 90 minutes prior to administration of Liposomal-I. Histologic or cytologic diagnosis was obtained for each dog prior to admission into the study. RESULTS Liposomal-I resulted in significant (p < 0.05) enhancement and uniform opacification of the vascular compartment. Non-renal, reticulo-endothelial systemic clearance of the contrast agent was demonstrated. Liposomal-I enabled visualization of primary and metastatic liver tumors. Sub-cm sized liver lesions grossly appeared as hypo-enhanced compared to the surrounding normal parenchyma with improved lesion conspicuity in the post-24 hour scan. Large liver tumors (> 1 cm) demonstrated a heterogeneous pattern of intra-tumoral signal with visibly higher signal enhancement at the post-24 hour time point. Extra-hepatic, extra-splenic tumors, including histiocytic sarcoma, anaplastic sarcoma, mammary carcinoma and lung tumors, were visualized with a heterogeneous enhancement pattern in the post-24 hour scan. CONCLUSIONS The long circulating liposomal-iodine contrast agent enabled prolonged visualization of small and large tumors in companion dogs with naturally occurring cancer. The study warrants future work to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the Liposomal-I agent in various types of naturally occurring canine tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketan B. Ghaghada
- The Singleton Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Amy F. Sato
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Zbigniew A. Starosolski
- The Singleton Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - John Berg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - David M. Vail
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
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Mileto A, Sofue K, Marin D. Imaging the renal lesion with dual-energy multidetector CT and multi-energy applications in clinical practice: what can it truly do for you? Eur Radiol 2016; 26:3677-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s00330-015-4180-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Ashton JR, West JL, Badea CT. In vivo small animal micro-CT using nanoparticle contrast agents. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:256. [PMID: 26581654 PMCID: PMC4631946 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Computed tomography (CT) is one of the most valuable modalities for in vivo imaging because it is fast, high-resolution, cost-effective, and non-invasive. Moreover, CT is heavily used not only in the clinic (for both diagnostics and treatment planning) but also in preclinical research as micro-CT. Although CT is inherently effective for lung and bone imaging, soft tissue imaging requires the use of contrast agents. For small animal micro-CT, nanoparticle contrast agents are used in order to avoid rapid renal clearance. A variety of nanoparticles have been used for micro-CT imaging, but the majority of research has focused on the use of iodine-containing nanoparticles and gold nanoparticles. Both nanoparticle types can act as highly effective blood pool contrast agents or can be targeted using a wide variety of targeting mechanisms. CT imaging can be further enhanced by adding spectral capabilities to separate multiple co-injected nanoparticles in vivo. Spectral CT, using both energy-integrating and energy-resolving detectors, has been used with multiple contrast agents to enable functional and molecular imaging. This review focuses on new developments for in vivo small animal micro-CT using novel nanoparticle probes applied in preclinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R Ashton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC, USA ; Department of Radiology, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham NC, USA
| | - Jennifer L West
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC, USA
| | - Cristian T Badea
- Department of Radiology, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham NC, USA
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Starosolski Z, Villamizar CA, Rendon D, Paldino MJ, Milewicz DM, Ghaghada KB, Annapragada AV. Ultra High-Resolution In vivo Computed Tomography Imaging of Mouse Cerebrovasculature Using a Long Circulating Blood Pool Contrast Agent. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10178. [PMID: 25985192 PMCID: PMC4650815 DOI: 10.1038/srep10178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities in the cerebrovascular system play a central role in many neurologic diseases. The on-going expansion of rodent models of human cerebrovascular diseases and the need to use these models to understand disease progression and treatment has amplified the need for reproducible non-invasive imaging methods for high-resolution visualization of the complete cerebral vasculature. In this study, we present methods for in vivo high-resolution (19 μm isotropic) computed tomography imaging of complete mouse brain vasculature. This technique enabled 3D visualization of large cerebrovascular networks, including the Circle of Willis. Blood vessels as small as 40 μm were clearly delineated. ACTA2 mutations in humans cause cerebrovascular defects, including abnormally straightened arteries and a moyamoya-like arteriopathy characterized by bilateral narrowing of the internal carotid artery and stenosis of many large arteries. In vivo imaging studies performed in a mouse model of Acta2 mutations demonstrated the utility of this method for studying vascular morphometric changes that are practically impossible to identify using current histological methods. Specifically, the technique demonstrated changes in the width of the Circle of Willis, straightening of cerebral arteries and arterial stenoses. We believe the use of imaging methods described here will contribute substantially to the study of rodent cerebrovasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zbigniew Starosolski
- 1] Edward B. Singleton Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston TX [2] Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Carlos A Villamizar
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - David Rendon
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Michael J Paldino
- 1] Edward B. Singleton Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston TX [2] Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Dianna M Milewicz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Ketan B Ghaghada
- 1] Edward B. Singleton Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston TX [2] Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Ananth V Annapragada
- 1] Edward B. Singleton Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston TX [2] Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
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Dufort S, Bianchi A, Henry M, Lux F, Le Duc G, Josserand V, Louis C, Perriat P, Crémillieux Y, Tillement O, Coll JL. Nebulized gadolinium-based nanoparticles: a theranostic approach for lung tumor imaging and radiosensitization. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:215-221. [PMID: 25201285 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201401284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common and most fatal cancer worldwide. Thus, improving early diagnosis and therapy is necessary. Previously, gadolinium-based ultra-small rigid platforms (USRPs) were developed to serve as multimodal imaging probes and as radiosensitizing agents. In addition, it was demonstrated that USRPs can be detected in the lungs using ultrashort echo-time magnetic resonance imaging (UTE-MRI) and fluorescence imaging after intrapulmonary administration in healthy animals. The goal of the present study is to evaluate their theranostic properties in mice with bioluminescent orthotopic lung cancer, after intrapulmonary nebulization or conventional intravenous administration. It is found that lung tumors can be detected non-invasively using fluorescence tomography or UTE-MRI after nebulization of USRPs, and this is confirmed by histological analysis of the lung sections. The deposition of USRPs around the tumor nodules is sufficient to generate a radiosensitizing effect when the mice are subjected to a single dose of 10 Gy conventional radiation one day after inhalation (mean survival time of 112 days versus 77 days for irradiated mice without USRPs treatment). No apparent systemic toxicity or induction of inflammation is observed. These results demonstrate the theranostic properties of USRPs for the multimodal detection of lung tumors and improved radiotherapy after nebulization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Dufort
- INSERM U823, Institut Albert Bonniot, 38706, Grenoble cedex, France; Université Joseph Fourier, Institut Albert Bonniot, 38706, Grenoble cedex, France; Nano-H S.A.S, 2 place de l'Europe, 38070, Saint Quentin - Fallavier, France
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Beziere N, Lozano N, Nunes A, Salichs J, Queiros D, Kostarelos K, Ntziachristos V. Dynamic imaging of PEGylated indocyanine green (ICG) liposomes within the tumor microenvironment using multi-spectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT). Biomaterials 2015; 37:415-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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36
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Attia MF, Anton N, Chiper M, Akasov R, Anton H, Messaddeq N, Fournel S, Klymchenko AS, Mély Y, Vandamme TF. Biodistribution of X-ray iodinated contrast agent in nano-emulsions is controlled by the chemical nature of the oily core. ACS NANO 2014; 8:10537-10550. [PMID: 25284066 DOI: 10.1021/nn503973z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the role of the chemical nature of the oil droplet core of nano-emulsions used as contrast agents for X-ray imaging on their pharmacokinetics and biodistribution. To this end, we formulated PEGylated nano-emulsions with two iodinated oils (i.e., iodinated monoglyceride and iodinated castor oil) and compared them with another iodinated nano-emulsion based on iodinated vitamin E. By using dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy, the three iodinated nano-emulsions were found to exhibit comparable morphologies, size, and surface composition. Furthermore, they were shown to be endowed with very high iodine concentration, which leads to stronger X-ray attenuation properties as compared to the commercial iodinated nano-emulsion Fenestra VC. The three nano-emulsions were i.v. administered in mice and monitored by microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). They showed high contrast enhancement in blood with similar half-life around 6 h but very different accumulation sites. While iodinated monoglycerides exhibited low accumulation in liver and spleen, high accumulation in spleen was observed for iodinated castor oil and in liver for vitamin E. These data clearly highlighted the important role of the oil composition of the nano-emulsion core to obtain strong X-ray contrast enhancement in specific targets such as liver, spleen, or only blood. These differences in biodistribution were partly attributed to differences in the uptake of the nanodroplets by the macrophages in vitro. Another key feature of these nano-emulsions is their long half-elimination time (several weeks), which offers sufficient retention for micro-CT imaging. This work paves the way for the design of nanoparticulate contrast agents for X-ray imaging of selected organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F Attia
- University of Strasbourg, Faculty of Pharmacy , 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch Cedex, France
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Scott GD, Blum ED, Fryer AD, Jacoby DB. Tissue optical clearing, three-dimensional imaging, and computer morphometry in whole mouse lungs and human airways. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2014; 51:43-55. [PMID: 24471696 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2013-0284oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In whole adult mouse lung, full identification of airway nerves (or other cellular/subcellular objects) has not been possible due to patchy distribution and micron-scale size. Here we describe a method using tissue clearing to acquire the first complete image of three-dimensional (3D) innervation in the lung. We then created a method to pair analysis of nerve (or any other colabeled epitope) images with identification of 3D tissue compartments and airway morphometry by using fluorescent casting and morphometry software (which we designed and are making available as open-source). We then tested our method to quantify a sparse heterogeneous nerve population by examining visceral pleural nerves. Finally, we demonstrate the utility of our method in human tissue to image full thickness innervation in irregular 3D tissue compartments and to quantify sparse objects (intrinsic airway ganglia). Overall, this method can uniquely pair the advantages of whole tissue imaging and cellular/subcellular fluorescence microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory D Scott
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon
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Clark DP, Badea CT. Micro-CT of rodents: state-of-the-art and future perspectives. Phys Med 2014; 30:619-34. [PMID: 24974176 PMCID: PMC4138257 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2014.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Micron-scale computed tomography (micro-CT) is an essential tool for phenotyping and for elucidating diseases and their therapies. This work is focused on preclinical micro-CT imaging, reviewing relevant principles, technologies, and applications. Commonly, micro-CT provides high-resolution anatomic information, either on its own or in conjunction with lower-resolution functional imaging modalities such as positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). More recently, however, advanced applications of micro-CT produce functional information by translating clinical applications to model systems (e.g., measuring cardiac functional metrics) and by pioneering new ones (e.g. measuring tumor vascular permeability with nanoparticle contrast agents). The primary limitations of micro-CT imaging are the associated radiation dose and relatively poor soft tissue contrast. We review several image reconstruction strategies based on iterative, statistical, and gradient sparsity regularization, demonstrating that high image quality is achievable with low radiation dose given ever more powerful computational resources. We also review two contrast mechanisms under intense development. The first is spectral contrast for quantitative material discrimination in combination with passive or actively targeted nanoparticle contrast agents. The second is phase contrast which measures refraction in biological tissues for improved contrast and potentially reduced radiation dose relative to standard absorption imaging. These technological advancements promise to develop micro-CT into a commonplace, functional and even molecular imaging modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Clark
- Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3302, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - C T Badea
- Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3302, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Ashton JR, Clark DP, Moding EJ, Ghaghada K, Kirsch DG, West JL, Badea CT. Dual-energy micro-CT functional imaging of primary lung cancer in mice using gold and iodine nanoparticle contrast agents: a validation study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88129. [PMID: 24520351 PMCID: PMC3919743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To provide additional functional information for tumor characterization, we investigated the use of dual-energy computed tomography for imaging murine lung tumors. Tumor blood volume and vascular permeability were quantified using gold and iodine nanoparticles. This approach was compared with a single contrast agent/single-energy CT method. Ex vivo validation studies were performed to demonstrate the accuracy of in vivo contrast agent quantification by CT. Methods Primary lung tumors were generated in LSL-KrasG12D; p53FL/FL mice. Gold nanoparticles were injected, followed by iodine nanoparticles two days later. The gold accumulated in tumors, while the iodine provided intravascular contrast. Three dual-energy CT scans were performed–two for the single contrast agent method and one for the dual contrast agent method. Gold and iodine concentrations in each scan were calculated using a dual-energy decomposition. For each method, the tumor fractional blood volume was calculated based on iodine concentration, and tumor vascular permeability was estimated based on accumulated gold concentration. For validation, the CT-derived measurements were compared with histology and inductively-coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy measurements of gold concentrations in tissues. Results Dual-energy CT enabled in vivo separation of gold and iodine contrast agents and showed uptake of gold nanoparticles in the spleen, liver, and tumors. The tumor fractional blood volume measurements determined from the two imaging methods were in agreement, and a high correlation (R2 = 0.81) was found between measured fractional blood volume and histology-derived microvascular density. Vascular permeability measurements obtained from the two imaging methods agreed well with ex vivo measurements. Conclusions Dual-energy CT using two types of nanoparticles is equivalent to the single nanoparticle method, but allows for measurement of fractional blood volume and permeability with a single scan. As confirmed by ex vivo methods, CT-derived nanoparticle concentrations are accurate. This method could play an important role in lung tumor characterization by CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R. Ashton
- Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Darin P. Clark
- Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Everett J. Moding
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Ketan Ghaghada
- The Edward B. Singleton Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - David G. Kirsch
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L. West
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Cristian T. Badea
- Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Cost-effectiveness of a novel blood-pool contrast agent in the setting of chest pain evaluation in an emergency department. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2013; 201:710-9. [PMID: 24059359 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.12.9946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluated three diagnostic strategies with the objective of comparing the current standard of care for individuals presenting acute chest pain and no history of coronary artery disease (CAD) with a novel diagnostic strategy using an emerging technology (blood-pool contrast agent [BPCA]) to identify the potential benefits and cost reductions. MATERIALS AND METHODS A decision analytic model of diagnostic strategies and outcomes using a BPCA and a conventional agent for CT angiography (CTA) in patients with acute chest pain was built. The model was used to evaluate three diagnostic strategies: CTA using a BPCA followed by invasive coronary angiography (ICA), CTA using a conventional agent followed by ICA, and ICA alone. RESULTS The use of the two CTA-based triage tests before ICA in a population with a CAD prevalence of less than 47% was predicted to be more cost-effective than ICA alone. Using the base-case values and a cost premium for BPCA over the conventional CT agent (cost of BPCA ≈ 5× that of a conventional agent) showed that CTA with a BPCA before ICA resulted in the most cost-effective strategy; the other strategies were ruled out by simple dominance. The model strongly depends on the rates of complications from the diagnostic tests included in the model. In a population with an elevated risk of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), a significant premium cost per BPCA dose still resulted in the alternative whereby CTA using BPCA was more cost-effective than CTA using a conventional agent. A similar effect was observed for potential complications resulting from the BPCA injection. Conversely, in the presence of a similar complication rate from BPCA, the diagnostic strategy of CTA using a conventional agent would be the optimal alternative. CONCLUSION BPCAs could have a significant impact in the diagnosis of acute chest pain, in particular for populations with high incidences of CIN. In addition, a BPCA strategy could garner further savings if currently excluded phenomena including renal disease and incidental findings were included in the decision model.
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Warnock G, Turtoi A, Blomme A, Bretin F, Bahri MA, Lemaire C, Libert LC, Seret AE, Luxen A, Castronovo V, Plenevaux AR. In Vivo PET/CT in a Human Glioblastoma Chicken Chorioallantoic Membrane Model: A New Tool for Oncology and Radiotracer Development. J Nucl Med 2013; 54:1782-8. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.112.117150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Anayama T, Nakajima T, Dunne M, Zheng J, Allen C, Driscoll B, Vines D, Keshavjee S, Jaffray D, Yasufuku K. A novel minimally invasive technique to create a rabbit VX2 lung tumor model for nano-sized image contrast and interventional studies. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67355. [PMID: 23840673 PMCID: PMC3696117 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rabbit VX2 lung cancer model is a large animal model useful for preclinical lung cancer imaging and interventional studies. However, previously reported models had issues in terms of invasiveness of tumor inoculation, control of tumor aggressiveness and incidence of complications. PURPOSE We aimed to develop a minimally invasive rabbit VX2 lung cancer model suitable for imaging and transbronchial interventional studies. METHODS New Zealand white rabbits and VX2 tumors were used in the study. An ultra-thin bronchoscope was inserted through a miniature laryngeal mask airway into the bronchus. Different numbers of VX2 tumor cells were selectively inoculated into the lung parenchyma or subcarinal mediastinum to create a uniform tumor with low incidence of complications. The model was characterized by CT, FDG-PET, and endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS). Liposomal dual-modality contrast agent was used to evaluate liposome drug delivery system in this model. RESULTS Both peripheral and mediastinal lung tumor models were created. The tumor making success rate was 75.8% (25/33) in the peripheral lung tumor model and 60% (3/5) in the mediastinal tumor model. The group of 1.0×10(6) of VX2 tumor cells inoculation showed a linear growth curve with less incidence of complications. Radial probe EBUS visualized the internal structure of the tumor and the size measurement correlated well with CT measurements (r(2) = 0.98). Over 7 days of continuous enhancement of the lung tumor by liposomal contrast in the lung tumor was confirmed both CT and fluorescence imaging. CONCLUSION Our minimally invasive bronchoscopic rabbit VX2 lung cancer model is an ideal platform for lung cancer imaging and preclinical bronchoscopic interventional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Anayama
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Takahiro Nakajima
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael Dunne
- Department of Radiation Physics, Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jinzi Zheng
- Department of Radiation Physics, Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Christine Allen
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Brandon Driscoll
- Department of Radiation Physics, Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Douglass Vines
- Department of Radiation Physics, Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Shaf Keshavjee
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - David Jaffray
- Department of Radiation Physics, Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kazuhiro Yasufuku
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Lee N, Choi SH, Hyeon T. Nano-sized CT contrast agents. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:2641-60. [PMID: 23553799 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201300081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 384] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Computed tomography (CT) is one of the most widely used clinical imaging modalities. In order to increase the sensitivity of CT, small iodinated compounds are used as injectable contrast agents. However, the iodinated contrast agents are excreted through the kidney and have short circulation times. This rapid renal clearance not only restricts in vivo applications that require long circulation times but also sometimes induces serious adverse effects related to the excretion pathway. In addition, the X-ray attenuation of iodine is not efficient for clinical CT that uses high-energy X-ray. Due to these limitations, nano-sized iodinated CT contrast agents have been developed that can increase the circulation time and decrease the adverse effects. In addition to iodine, nanoparticles based on heavy atoms such as gold, lanthanides, and tantalum are used as more efficient CT contrast agents. In this review, we summarize the recent progresses made in nano-sized CT contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nohyun Lee
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science and School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744 South Korea
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Toy R, Hayden E, Camann A, Berman Z, Vicente P, Tran E, Meyers J, Pansky J, Peiris PM, Hu H, Exner A, Wilson D, Ghaghada KB, Karathanasis E. Multimodal in vivo imaging exposes the voyage of nanoparticles in tumor microcirculation. ACS NANO 2013; 7:3118-29. [PMID: 23464827 PMCID: PMC3640526 DOI: 10.1021/nn3053439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Tumors present numerous biobarriers to the successful delivery of nanoparticles. Decreased blood flow and high interstitial pressure in tumors dictate the degree of resistance to extravasation of nanoparticles. To understand how a nanoparticle can overcome these biobarriers, we developed a multimodal in vivo imaging methodology, which enabled the noninvasive measurement of microvascular parameters and deposition of nanoparticles at the microscopic scale. To monitor the spatiotemporal progression of tumor vasculature and its vascular permeability to nanoparticles at the microcapillary level, we developed a quantitative in vivo imaging method using an iodinated liposomal contrast agent and a micro-CT. Following perfusion CT for quantitative assessment of blood flow, small animal fluorescence molecular tomography was used to image the in vivo fate of cocktails containing liposomes of different sizes labeled with different NIR fluorophores. The animal studies showed that the deposition of liposomes depended on local blood flow. Considering tumor regions of different blood flow, the deposition of liposomes followed a size-dependent pattern. In general, the larger liposomes effectively extravasated in fast flow regions, while smaller liposomes performed better in slow flow regions. We also evaluated whether the tumor retention of nanoparticles is dictated by targeting them to a receptor overexpressed by the cancer cells. Targeting of 100 nm liposomes showed no benefits at any flow rate. However, active targeting of 30 nm liposomes substantially increased their deposition in slow flow tumor regions (∼12-fold increase), which suggested that targeting prevented the washout of the smaller nanoparticles from the tumor interstitium back to blood circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall Toy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
- Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Elliott Hayden
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
- Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Andrew Camann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
- Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Zachary Berman
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
- Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Peter Vicente
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
- Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Emily Tran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
- Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Joseph Meyers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
- Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Jenna Pansky
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
- Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Pubudu M. Peiris
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
- Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Hanping Hu
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
- Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Agata Exner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
- Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - David Wilson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
- Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Ketan B. Ghaghada
- Edward B. Singleton Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Efstathios Karathanasis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
- Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: Efstathios Karathanasis, Wickenden Bldg. MS 7207, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States of America, Phone: 216.844.5281; Fax: 216.844.4987;
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Lalwani K, Giddabasappa A, Li D, Olson P, Simmons B, Shojaei F, Arsdale TV, Christensen J, Jackson-Fisher A, Wong A, Lappin PB, Eswaraka J. Contrast agents for quantitative microCT of lung tumors in mice. Comp Med 2013; 63:482-490. [PMID: 24326223 PMCID: PMC3866987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The identification and quantitative evaluation of lung tumors in mouse models is challenging and an unmet need in preclinical arena. In this study, we developed a noninvasive contrast-enhanced microCT (μCT) method to longitudinally evaluate and quantitate lung tumors in mice. Commercially available μCT contrast agents were compared to determine the optimal agent for visualization of thoracic blood vessels and lung tumors in naïve mice and in non-small-cell lung cancer models. Compared with the saline control, iopamidol and iodinated lipid agents provided only marginal increases in contrast resolution. The inorganic nanoparticulate agent provided the best contrast and visualization of thoracic vascular structures; the density contrast was highest at 15 min after injection and was stable for more than 4 h. Differential contrast of the tumors, vascular structures, and thoracic air space by the nanoparticulate agent enabled identification of tumor margins and accurate quantification. μCT data correlated closely with traditional histologic measurements (Pearson correlation coefficient, 0.995). Treatment of ELM4-ALK mice with crizotinib yielded 65% reduction in tumor size and thus demonstrated the utility of quantitative μCT in longitudinal preclinical trials. Overall and among the 3 agents we tested, the inorganic nanoparticulate product was the best commercially available contrast agent for visualization of thoracic blood vessels and lung tumors. Contrast-enhanced μCT imaging is an excellent noninvasive method for longitudinal evaluation during preclinical lung tumor studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Anthony Wong
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer, San Diego, California
| | - Patrick B Lappin
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer, San Diego, California
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Bell RC, Rogith D, Johnson CW, Badea CT, Athreya KK, Espinosa G, Clark D, Ghafoori AP, Li Y, Kirsch DG, Annapragada A, Ghaghada K. Data analysis: evaluation of nanoscale contrast agent enhanced CT scan to differentiate between benign and malignant lung cancer in mouse model. AMIA ... ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS. AMIA SYMPOSIUM 2012; 2012:27-35. [PMID: 23304269 PMCID: PMC3540499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Proposed is a method for statistical analysis for a small sample size, repeated measure experiment with nesting factors. In the original experiment the Student t-test was used for analysis. Using the same data, we modeled the experiment into two groups of mice with benign and malignant primary lung tumors. 4 tumor nodules were selected from each mouse (N= 36). The dependent variables are the volume, diameter, and signal attenuation measured using computed tomography (CT). The measurements are made before injecting the contrast and at 0, 72, and 168 hours after injection. The contrast agent enhances tumor nodule volume and volume differences between benign and malignant tumor nodules measured across time (p < 0.05). The signal attenuation measured across time differentiates between benign and malignant groups (p < 0.05). There is significant correlation between rate of change of volume and diameter of tumor. The advantages of this statistical method are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Bell
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Engineering imaging probes and molecular machines for nanomedicine. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2012; 55:843-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-012-4380-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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