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Qian T, Bai F, Zhang S, Xu Y, Wang Y, Yuan S, Liu X, Du Y, Peng B, Zhu WG, Xu X, Pei XH. USP11 deubiquitinates E-cadherin and maintains the luminal fate of mammary tumor cells to suppress breast cancer. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107768. [PMID: 39270819 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Basal-like breast cancer may originate from luminal epithelial or cancerous cells. Inadequately repaired DNA damage impairs luminal differentiation and promotes aberrant luminal to basal trans-differentiation in mammary epithelial cells (MECs). Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 11 (USP11), a deubiquitinase, plays a critical role in DNA damage repair. The role of USP11 in controlling mammary cell differentiation and tumorigenesis remains poorly understood. We generated Usp11 knockout mice and breast cancer cell lines expressing wild-type (WT) and mutant forms of USP11. By using these mutant mice, cell lines, and human USP11-deficient and -proficient breast cancer tissues, we tested how USP11 controls mammary cell fate. We generated Usp11 knock-out mice and found that deletion of Usp11 reduced the expression of E-cadherin and promoted DNA damage in MECs. Overexpression of WT USP11, but not a deubiquitinase-inactive mutant form of USP11, promoted luminal differentiation, enhanced DNA damage repair, and suppressed tumorigenesis in mice. Mechanistically, we found that USP11 enhanced the protein expression of E-cadherin dependent on its deubiquitinase activity and that USP11 deubiquitinated E-cadherin at K738. We discovered that USP11 is bound to E-cadherin through its C-terminal region. In human breast cancers, expression of USP11 was positively correlated with that of E-cadherin, and high USP11 predicted better recurrence-free survival. Our findings provide compelling genetic and biochemical evidence that USP11 not only promotes DNA damage repair but also deubiquitinates E-cadherin and maintains the luminal feature of mammary tumor cells, thereby suppressing luminal breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Qian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shiwen Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuping Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuchan Wang
- Gansu Dian Medical Laboratory, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shuping Yuan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention and International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaru Du
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Peng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention and International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xingzhi Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention and International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xin-Hai Pei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Department of Anatomy and Histology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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2
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Naser AN, Lu Q, Chen YH. Trans-Compartmental Regulation of Tight Junction Barrier Function. Tissue Barriers 2023; 11:2133880. [PMID: 36220768 PMCID: PMC10606786 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2022.2133880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tight junctions (TJs) are the most apical components of junctional complexes in epithelial and endothelial cells. Barrier function is one of the major functions of TJ, which restricts the ions and small water-soluble molecules from passing through the paracellular pathway. Adherens junctions (AJs) play an important role in cell-cell adhesion and cell signaling. Gap junctions (GJs) are intercellular channels regulating electrical and metabolic signals between cells. It is well known that TJ integral membrane proteins, such as claudins and occludins, are the molecular building blocks responsible for TJ barrier function. However, recent studies demonstrate that proteins of other junctional complexes can influence and regulate TJ barrier function. Therefore, the crosstalk between different cell junctions represents a common means to modulate cellular activities. In this review, we will discuss the interactions among TJ, AJ, and GJ by focusing on how AJ and GJ proteins regulate TJ barrier function in different biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna N. Naser
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University Greenville, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Qun Lu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University Greenville, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yan-Hua Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University Greenville, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
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3
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Tokumon R, Sebastián I, Humbel BM, Okura N, Yamanaka H, Yamashiro T, Toma C. Degradation of p0071 and p120-catenin during adherens junction disassembly by Leptospira interrogans. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1228051. [PMID: 37795382 PMCID: PMC10545952 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1228051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptospira interrogans disseminates hematogenously to reach the target organs by disrupting epithelial adherens junctions (AJs), thus causing leptospirosis, which is a globally neglected zoonotic disease. L. interrogans induces E-cadherin (E-cad) endocytosis and cytoskeletal rearrangement during AJ disassembly, but the detailed mechanism remains unknown. Elucidation of AJ disassembly mechanisms will guide new approaches to developing vaccines and diagnostic methods. In this study, we combine proteomic and imaging analysis with chemical inhibition studies to demonstrate that disrupting the AJs of renal proximal tubule epithelial cells involves the degradation of two armadillo repeat-containing proteins, p0071 and p120-catenin, that stabilize E-cad at the plasma membrane. Combining proteasomal and lysosomal inhibitors substantially prevented p120-catenin degradation, and monolayer integrity destruction without preventing p0071 proteolysis. In contrast, the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK inhibited p0071 proteolysis and displacement of both armadillo repeat-containing proteins from the cell-cell junctions. Our results show that L. interrogans induces p120-catenin and p0071 degradation, which mutually regulates E-cad stability by co-opting multiple cellular degradation pathways. This strategy may allow L. interrogans to disassemble AJs and disseminate through the body efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Tokumon
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Isabel Sebastián
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Bruno M. Humbel
- Provost Office, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
- Microscopy Center, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Okura
- Department of Molecular Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Hidenori Yamanaka
- Environmental Technology Department, Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tetsu Yamashiro
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Claudia Toma
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
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4
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Liu WW, Hu J, Zhao Y, Wang R, Han Q, Rong XZ, Wang SY, Wang EH, Wu MX, Wang S, Liu Y. PTP-PEST Regulated Membranous/Cytoplasmic Translocation of p120ctn in the Lung Cancer Resistance to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2022; 30:215-224. [PMID: 35030104 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000001008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies indicate that resistance induction using first-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in lung cancer is accompanied with p120-catenin (p120ctn) cytoplasmic translocation from the membrane. However, the molecular mechanism underlying p120ctn intracytoplasmic translocation has not yet been reported. We performed immunohistochemistry to detect the correlation of p120ctn distribution with protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 12 (PTP-PEST) and p120ctn Y335 phosphorylation levels in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. After resistance induction using first-generation TKIs in lung cancer cells, Western blotting and substrate trapping were used to assess PTP-PEST expression and its influence on p120ctn Y335 phosphorylation, as well as the role of p120ctn Y335 phosphorylation on the association of p120ctn with E-cadherin and p120ctn membrane/cytoplasm translocation. In 197 samples collected from NSCLC patients, cytoplasmic p120ctn and enhanced p120ctn Y335 phosphorylation were associated with decreased PTP-PEST. After resistance induction using gefitinib, decreased PTP-PEST expression was accompanied by enhanced phosphorylation of p120ctn Y335 and p120ctn translocated to the cytoplasm. In gefitinib-resistant cells, PTP-PEST overexpression restrained p120ctn Y335 phosphorylation and restored membrane p120ctn expression. PTP-PEST enhanced the interaction of p120ctn with E-cadherin and elevated p120ctn membrane expression. However, increased p120ctn-Y335F mutant had no effect on p120ctn interaction with E-cadherin and membrane/cytoplasm translocation compared with the control group. In conclusion, resistance to first-generation TKIs inhibited PTP-PEST expression, which promoted p120ctn-Y335 phosphorylation and reduced the interaction of p120ctn with E-cadherin, resulting in p120ctn cytoplasmic translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University
| | - Jing Hu
- Sujia Tuo Town Community Health Service Center, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of China Medical University and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of China Medical University and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University
| | - Qiang Han
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of China Medical University and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University
| | - Xue-Zhu Rong
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of China Medical University and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University
| | - Si-Yao Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of China Medical University and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University
| | - En-Hua Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of China Medical University and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University
| | - Mei-Xi Wu
- China Medical University-The Queen's University of Belfast Joint College, Shenyang
| | - Si Wang
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Human Parasitology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of China Medical University and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University
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5
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Juárez-Cruz JC, Okoniewski M, Ramírez M, Ortuño-Pineda C, Navarro-Tito N, Castañeda-Saucedo E. Chronic Leptin Treatment Induces Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in MCF10A Mammary Epithelial Cells. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2022; 27:19-36. [PMID: 35195812 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-022-09515-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptin is a cytokine-like hormone that functions as a link between obesity and breast cancer (BC). Leptin treatment induces Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in BC cell lines. In non-tumoral breast epithelial MCF10A cells, acute leptin treatment induces partial EMT. However, the effect of chronic leptin treatment on EMT in non-tumorigenic breast cells has not been fully explored. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of chronic leptin treatment on the induction of EMT in MCF10A cells. We found that chronic leptin treatment induces a switch from an epithelial to a mesenchymal morphology, partial loss of E-cadherin and gain of vimentin expression. Immunolocalization experiments showed a partial loss of E-cadherin at cell junctions and increased cytoplasmic localization of vimentin in leptin-treated cells. Moreover, chronic leptin treatment increased collective cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, when cultured in non-adherent conditions leptin treated cells exhibited reduced cell aggregation, increased survival, and decreased apoptosis, which correlates with increased FAK and AKT phosphorylation. Finally, bioinformatic analysis in two publicly available RNAseq datasets from normal breast tissue shows that high levels of leptin mRNA correlate positively with the expression of mesenchymal markers, and negatively with epithelial markers. Thus, our results demonstrate that chronic leptin treatment induces EMT in non-tumorigenic MCF10A cells and suggest that high leptin expression in normal breast tissue may induce EMT and contribute to increased risk of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Juárez-Cruz
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer. Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero. Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N Ciudad Universitaria. C.P, 39087, Chilpancingo de los Bravo, Guerrero, México
| | | | - Mónica Ramírez
- CONACYT, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo de los Bravo, Guerrero, México
| | - Carlos Ortuño-Pineda
- Laboratorio de Ácidos Nucleicos y Proteínas. Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo de los Bravo, Guerrero, México
| | - Napoleón Navarro-Tito
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer. Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero. Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N Ciudad Universitaria. C.P, 39087, Chilpancingo de los Bravo, Guerrero, México
| | - Eduardo Castañeda-Saucedo
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer. Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero. Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N Ciudad Universitaria. C.P, 39087, Chilpancingo de los Bravo, Guerrero, México.
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6
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Ramírez Moreno M, Bulgakova NA. The Cross-Talk Between EGFR and E-Cadherin. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:828673. [PMID: 35127732 PMCID: PMC8811214 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.828673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and adhesion protein E-cadherin are major regulators of proliferation and differentiation in epithelial cells. Consistently, defects in both EGFR and E-cadherin-mediated intercellular adhesion are linked to various malignancies. These defects in either are further exacerbated by the reciprocal interactions between the two transmembrane proteins. On the one hand, EGFR can destabilize E-cadherin adhesion by increasing E-cadherin endocytosis, modifying its interactions with cytoskeleton and decreasing its expression, thus promoting tumorigenesis. On the other hand, E-cadherin regulates EGFR localization and tunes its activity. As a result, loss and mutations of E-cadherin promote cancer cell invasion due to uncontrolled activation of EGFR, which displays enhanced surface motility and changes in endocytosis. In this minireview, we discuss the molecular and cellular mechanisms of the cross-talk between E-cadherin and EGFR, highlighting emerging evidence for the role of endocytosis in this feedback, as well as its relevance to tissue morphogenesis, homeostasis and cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalia A. Bulgakova
- School of Biosciences and Bateson Centre, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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7
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Zaky DA, Eldehna WM, El Kerdawy AM, Abdallah DM, El Abhar HS, Wadie W. Recombinant human growth hormone improves the immune status of rats with septic encephalopathy: The role of VEGFR2 in the prevalence of endoplasmic reticulum stress repair module. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108370. [PMID: 34794887 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Septic encephalopathy results from the intense reaction of the immune system to infection. The role of growth hormone (GH) signaling in maintaining brain function is well established; however, the involvement of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) in the potential modulatory effect of GH on septic encephalopathy-associated endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability is not well-understood. Therefore, after the induction of mid-grade sepsis by cecal ligation/perforation, rats were subcutaneously injected with recombinant human GH (rhGH)/somatropin alone or preceded by the VEGFR2 antagonist WAG-4S for 7 days. rhGH/somatropin reduced bodyweight loss and plasma endotoxin, maintained the hyperthermic state, and improved motor/memory functions. Additionally, rhGH/somatropin increased the junctional E-cadherin and β-catenin pool in the cerebral cortex to enhance the BBB competency, effects that were abolished by VEGFR2 blockade. Also, it activated cortical VEGFR2/mammalian target of the Rapamycin (mTOR) axis to mitigate ERS. The latter was reflected by the deactivation of the inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE1α)/spliced X-box binding protein-1 (XBP1s) trajectory and the reduction in the protein levels of the death markers, C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP)/growth arrest and DNA damage-153 (GADD153), c-jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK), and caspase-3 with the simultaneous augmentation of expression of the unfolded protein response transducer proteinkinaseR-like ERkinase (PERK). Furthermore, rhGH/somatropin suppressed the phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor-2α (eIF2α), upregulated the gene expression of activating transcription factor-4 (ATF4), GADD34, and glucose-regulated protein-78/binding immunoglobulin (GRP78/Bip). Moreover, it increased the glutathione level and reduced lipid peroxidation in the cerebral cortex. The VEGFR2 antagonist reversed the effect of rhGH/somatropin on PERK and IRE1α and boosted the apoptotic markers but neither affected p-eIF2α nor GADD34. Hence, we conclude that VEGFR2 activation by rhGH/somatropin plays a crucial role in assembling the BBB adherens junctions via its antioxidant capacity, ERS relief, and reducing endotoxemia in septic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa A Zaky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt.
| | - Wagdy M Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, P.O. Box 33516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El Kerdawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt
| | - Dalaal M Abdallah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt
| | - Hanan S El Abhar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, P.O. Box 11835, Egypt
| | - Walaa Wadie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt
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8
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Liu WW, Hu J, Wang R, Han Q, Liu Y, Wang S. Cytoplasmic P120ctn Promotes Gefitinib Resistance in Lung Cancer Cells by Activating PAK1 and ERK Pathway. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2021; 29:750-758. [PMID: 34412070 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies indicated that cytoplasmic p120ctn mediated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) resistance in lung cancer. In the present study, we aim to further explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. Immunohistochemistry detected PAK1, Cdc42, and Rac1 expression in lung cancer with cytoplasmic p120ctn. Immunoblotting, protein activity analysis, and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide evaluated p120ctn location, PAK1, Cdc42/Rac1, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activity in response to TKI treatment in HCC827 and PC9 cell lines, as well as the cell sensitivity to Gefitinib. Most non-small cell lung cancer patients with cytoplasmic p120ctn showed enhanced PAK1 and Cdc42/Rac1. When Gefitinib resistance was induced, cytoplasmic p120ctn is accompanied with increasing PAK1 and Cdc42/Rac1. Cytoplasmic p120ctn activated ERK via PAK1, while PAK1 downregulation attenuated ERK activation by cytoplasmic p120ctn. After Cdc42/Rac1 inhibition, cytoplasmic p120ctn could not activate PAK1. Cytoplasmic p120ctn activates PAK1 via Cdc42/Rac1 activation, constitutively activates ERK in the EGFR downstream signaling, and promotes EGFR-TKI resistance in lung cancer cells. The current study will aid to screen the subpopulation patients who would benefit from therapy with first-generation EGFR-TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Liu
- Anesthesiology Department, the First Hospital of China Medical University
| | - Jing Hu
- Sujia Tuo Town Community Health Service Center, Beijing
| | | | | | | | - Si Wang
- Medical Microbiology and Human Parasitology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang
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9
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Role of Actin Cytoskeleton in E-cadherin-Based Cell–Cell Adhesion Assembly and Maintenance. J Indian Inst Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s41745-020-00214-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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10
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Kassouf T, Larive RM, Morel A, Urbach S, Bettache N, Marcial Medina MC, Mèrezègue F, Freiss G, Peter M, Boissière-Michot F, Solassol J, Montcourrier P, Coopman P. The Syk Kinase Promotes Mammary Epithelial Integrity and Inhibits Breast Cancer Invasion by Stabilizing the E-Cadherin/Catenin Complex. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121974. [PMID: 31817924 PMCID: PMC6966528 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
While first discovered in immunoreceptor signaling, the Syk protein kinase behaves as a tumor and metastasis suppressor in epithelial cells. Its reduced expression in breast and other carcinomas is correlated with decreased survival and increased metastasis risk, but its action mechanism remains largely unknown. Using phosphoproteomics we found that Syk phosphorylated E-cadherin and α-, β-, and p120-catenins on multiple tyrosine residues that concentrate at intercellular junctions. Increased Syk expression and activation enhanced E-cadherin/catenin phosphorylation, promoting their association and complex stability. In human breast cancer cells, Syk stimulated intercellular aggregation, E-cadherin recruitment and retention at adherens junctions, and promoted epithelial integrity, whereas it inhibited cell migration and invasion. Opposite effects were obtained with Syk knockdown or non-phosphorylatable mutant E-cadherin expression. Mechanistically, Syk stimulated the interaction of the E-cadherin/catenin complex with zonula occludens proteins and the actin cytoskeleton. Conditional Syk knockout in the lactating mouse mammary gland perturbed alveologenesis and disrupted E-cadherin localization at adherens junctions, corroborating the observations in cells. Hence, Syk is involved in the maintenance of the epithelial integrity of the mammary gland via the phosphorylation and stabilization of the E-cadherin/catenin adherens junction complex, thereby inhibiting cell migration and malignant tumor invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toufic Kassouf
- IRCM, Inserm, CNRS, Universit@#xE9; de Montpellier, ICM, 208 Rue des Apothicaires, 34298 Montpellier, France; (T.K.); (R.M.L.); (G.F.); (M.P.); (J.S.)
- CRBM, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France;
| | - Romain Maxime Larive
- IRCM, Inserm, CNRS, Universit@#xE9; de Montpellier, ICM, 208 Rue des Apothicaires, 34298 Montpellier, France; (T.K.); (R.M.L.); (G.F.); (M.P.); (J.S.)
- IBMM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 15 avenue Charles Flahault - BP 14491, 34093 Montpellier, France;
| | - Anne Morel
- CRBM, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France;
| | - Serge Urbach
- Functional Proteomics Platform, IGF, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34094 Montpellier, France;
| | - Nadir Bettache
- IBMM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 15 avenue Charles Flahault - BP 14491, 34093 Montpellier, France;
| | | | - Fabrice Mèrezègue
- BioMV Department, Université de Montpellier CC25000, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France;
| | - Gilles Freiss
- IRCM, Inserm, CNRS, Universit@#xE9; de Montpellier, ICM, 208 Rue des Apothicaires, 34298 Montpellier, France; (T.K.); (R.M.L.); (G.F.); (M.P.); (J.S.)
| | - Marion Peter
- IRCM, Inserm, CNRS, Universit@#xE9; de Montpellier, ICM, 208 Rue des Apothicaires, 34298 Montpellier, France; (T.K.); (R.M.L.); (G.F.); (M.P.); (J.S.)
| | | | - Jérôme Solassol
- IRCM, Inserm, CNRS, Universit@#xE9; de Montpellier, ICM, 208 Rue des Apothicaires, 34298 Montpellier, France; (T.K.); (R.M.L.); (G.F.); (M.P.); (J.S.)
| | - Philippe Montcourrier
- IRCM, Inserm, CNRS, Universit@#xE9; de Montpellier, ICM, 208 Rue des Apothicaires, 34298 Montpellier, France; (T.K.); (R.M.L.); (G.F.); (M.P.); (J.S.)
| | - Peter Coopman
- IRCM, Inserm, CNRS, Universit@#xE9; de Montpellier, ICM, 208 Rue des Apothicaires, 34298 Montpellier, France; (T.K.); (R.M.L.); (G.F.); (M.P.); (J.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-467-61-3191
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11
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Daulagala AC, Bridges MC, Kourtidis A. E-cadherin Beyond Structure: A Signaling Hub in Colon Homeostasis and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2756. [PMID: 31195621 PMCID: PMC6600153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
E-cadherin is the core component of epithelial adherens junctions, essential for tissue development, differentiation, and maintenance. It is also fundamental for tissue barrier formation, a critical function of epithelial tissues. The colon or large intestine is lined by an epithelial monolayer that encompasses an E-cadherin-dependent barrier, critical for the homeostasis of the organ. Compromised barriers of the colonic epithelium lead to inflammation, fibrosis, and are commonly observed in colorectal cancer. In addition to its architectural role, E-cadherin is also considered a tumor suppressor in the colon, primarily a result of its opposing function to Wnt signaling, the predominant driver of colon tumorigenesis. Beyond these well-established traditional roles, several studies have portrayed an evolving role of E-cadherin as a signaling epicenter that regulates cell behavior in response to intra- and extra-cellular cues. Intriguingly, these recent findings also reveal tumor-promoting functions of E-cadherin in colon tumorigenesis and new interacting partners, opening future avenues of investigation. In this Review, we focus on these emerging aspects of E-cadherin signaling, and we discuss their implications in colon biology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda C Daulagala
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Mary Catherine Bridges
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Antonis Kourtidis
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
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12
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Cheng X, Zheng J, Li G, Göbel V, Zhang H. Degradation for better survival? Role of ubiquitination in epithelial morphogenesis. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2018; 93:1438-1460. [PMID: 29493067 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As a prevalent post-translational modification, ubiquitination is essential for many developmental processes. Once covalently attached to the small and conserved polypeptide ubiquitin (Ub), a substrate protein can be directed to perform specific biological functions via its Ub-modified form. Three sequential catalytic reactions contribute to this process, among which E3 ligases serve to identify target substrates and promote the activated Ub to conjugate to substrate proteins. Ubiquitination has great plasticity, with diverse numbers, topologies and modifications of Ub chains conjugated at different substrate residues adding a layer of complexity that facilitates a huge range of cellular functions. Herein, we highlight key advances in the understanding of ubiquitination in epithelial morphogenesis, with an emphasis on the latest insights into its roles in cellular events involved in polarized epithelial tissue, including cell adhesion, asymmetric localization of polarity determinants and cytoskeletal organization. In addition, the physiological roles of ubiquitination are discussed for typical examples of epithelial morphogenesis, such as lung branching, vascular development and synaptic formation and plasticity. Our increased understanding of ubiquitination in epithelial morphogenesis may provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying epithelial regeneration and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiang Cheng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Gang Li
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Verena Göbel
- Department of Pediatrics, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114,, U.S.A
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
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13
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Matheson J, Bühnemann C, Carter EJ, Barnes D, Hoppe HJ, Hughes J, Cobbold S, Harper J, Morreau H, Surakhy M, Hassan AB. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and nuclear β-catenin induced by conditional intestinal disruption of Cdh1 with Apc is E-cadherin EC1 domain dependent. Oncotarget 2018; 7:69883-69902. [PMID: 27566565 PMCID: PMC5342522 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Two important protein-protein interactions establish E-cadherin (Cdh1) in the adhesion complex; homophilic binding via the extra-cellular (EC1) domain and cytoplasmic tail binding to β-catenin. Here, we evaluate whether E-cadherin binding can inhibit β-catenin when there is loss of Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) from the β-catenin destruction complex. Combined conditional loss of Cdh1 and Apc were generated in the intestine, intestinal adenoma and adenoma organoids. Combined intestinal disruption (Cdh1fl/flApcfl/flVil-CreERT2) resulted in lethality, breakdown of the intestinal barrier, increased Wnt target gene expression and increased nuclear β-catenin localization, suggesting that E-cadherin inhibits β-catenin. Combination with an intestinal stem cell Cre (Lgr5CreERT2) resulted in ApcΔ/Δ recombination and adenoma, but intact Cdh1fl/fl alleles. Cultured ApcΔ/ΔCdh1fl/fl adenoma cells infected with adenovirus-Cre induced Cdh1fl/fl recombination (Cdh1Δ/Δ), disruption of organoid morphology, nuclear β-catenin localization, and cells with an epithelial-mesenchymal phenotype. Complementation with adenovirus expressing wild-type Cdh1 (Cdh1-WT) rescued adhesion and β-catenin membrane localization, yet an EC1 specific double mutant defective in homophilic adhesion (Cdh1-MutW2A, S78W) did not. These data suggest that E-cadherin inhibits β-catenin in the context of disruption of the APC-destruction complex, and that this function is also EC1 domain dependent. Both binding functions of E-cadherin may be required for its tumour suppressor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Matheson
- Tumour Growth Group, Oxford Molecular Pathology Institute, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Bühnemann
- Tumour Growth Group, Oxford Molecular Pathology Institute, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Emma J Carter
- Tumour Growth Group, Oxford Molecular Pathology Institute, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - David Barnes
- Tumour Growth Group, Oxford Molecular Pathology Institute, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hans-Jürgen Hoppe
- Tumour Growth Group, Oxford Molecular Pathology Institute, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Hughes
- Tumour Growth Group, Oxford Molecular Pathology Institute, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Cobbold
- Tumour Growth Group, Oxford Molecular Pathology Institute, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - James Harper
- Tumour Growth Group, Oxford Molecular Pathology Institute, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hans Morreau
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mirvat Surakhy
- Tumour Growth Group, Oxford Molecular Pathology Institute, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - A Bassim Hassan
- Tumour Growth Group, Oxford Molecular Pathology Institute, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, United Kingdom
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14
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Kourtidis A, Lu R, Pence LJ, Anastasiadis PZ. A central role for cadherin signaling in cancer. Exp Cell Res 2017; 358:78-85. [PMID: 28412244 PMCID: PMC5544584 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cadherins are homophilic adhesion molecules with important functions in cell-cell adhesion, tissue morphogenesis, and cancer. In epithelial cells, E-cadherin accumulates at areas of cell-cell contact, coalesces into macromolecular complexes to form the adherens junctions (AJs), and associates via accessory partners with a subcortical ring of actin to form the apical zonula adherens (ZA). As a master regulator of the epithelial phenotype, E-cadherin is essential for the overall maintenance and homeostasis of polarized epithelial monolayers. Its expression is regulated by a host of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms related to cancer, and its function is modulated by mechanical forces at the junctions, by direct binding and phosphorylation of accessory proteins collectively termed catenins, by endocytosis, recycling and degradation, as well as, by multiple signaling pathways and developmental processes, like the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Nuclear signaling mediated by the cadherin associated proteins β-catenin and p120 promotes growth, migration and pluripotency. Receptor tyrosine kinase, PI3K/AKT, Rho GTPase, and HIPPO signaling, are all regulated by E-cadherin mediated cell-cell adhesion. Finally, the recruitment of the microprocessor complex to the ZA by PLEKHA7, and the subsequent regulation of a small subset of miRNAs provide an additional mechanism by which the state of epithelial cell-cell adhesion affects translation of target genes to maintain the homeostasis of polarized epithelial monolayers. Collectively, the data indicate that loss of E-cadherin function, especially at the ZA, is a common and crucial step in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonis Kourtidis
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Ruifeng Lu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Lindy J Pence
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Panos Z Anastasiadis
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.
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15
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Wang R, Chen YS, Dashwood WM, Li Q, Löhr CV, Fischer K, Ho E, Williams DE, Dashwood RH. Divergent roles of p120-catenin isoforms linked to altered cell viability, proliferation, and invasiveness in carcinogen-induced rat skin tumors. Mol Carcinog 2017; 56:1733-1742. [PMID: 28218467 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The heterocyclic amine 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) targets multiple organs for tumorigenesis in the rat, including the colon and the skin. PhIP-induced skin tumors were subjected to mutation screening, which identified genetic changes in Hras (7/40, 17.5%) and Tp53 (2/40, 5%), but not in Ctnnb1, a commonly mutated gene in PhIP-induced colon tumors. Despite the absence of Ctnnb1 mutations, β-catenin was overexpressed in nuclear and plasma membrane fractions from PhIP-induced skin tumors, coinciding with loss of p120-catenin from the plasma membrane, and the appearance of multiple p120-catenin-associated bands in the nuclear extracts. Real-time RT-PCR revealed that p120-catenin isoforms 1 and 4 were upregulated in PhIP-induced skin tumors, whereas p120-catenin isoform 3 was expressed uniformly, compared with adjacent normal-looking tissue. In human epidermoid carcinoma and colon cancer cells, transient transfection of p120-catenin isoform 1A enhanced the viability and cell invasion index, whereas transient transfection of p120-catenin isoform 4A increased cell viability and cell proliferation. Knockdown of p120-catenin revealed a corresponding reduction in the expression of β-catenin and a transcriptionally regulated target, Ccnd1/Cyclin D1. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments identified associations of β-catenin with p120-catenin isoforms in PhIP-induced skin tumors and human cancer cell lines. The results are discussed in the context of therapeutic strategies that might target different p120-catenin isoforms, providing an avenue to circumvent constitutively active β-catenin arising via distinct mechanisms in skin and colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wang
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Ying-Shiuan Chen
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston, Texas
| | - Wan-Mohaiza Dashwood
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston, Texas
| | - Qingjie Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Christiane V Löhr
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Kay Fischer
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Emily Ho
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon.,School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - David E Williams
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon.,Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Roderick H Dashwood
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston, Texas.,Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M College of Medicine, College Station, Texas.,Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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16
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Brüser L, Bogdan S. Adherens Junctions on the Move-Membrane Trafficking of E-Cadherin. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2017; 9:cshperspect.a029140. [PMID: 28096264 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a029140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cadherin-based adherens junctions are conserved structures that mediate epithelial cell-cell adhesion in invertebrates and vertebrates. Despite their pivotal function in epithelial integrity, adherens junctions show a remarkable plasticity that is a prerequisite for tissue architecture and morphogenesis. Epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) is continuously turned over and undergoes cycles of endocytosis, sorting and recycling back to the plasma membrane. Mammalian cell culture and genetically tractable model systems such as Drosophila have revealed conserved, but also distinct, mechanisms in the regulation of E-cadherin membrane trafficking. Here, we discuss our current knowledge about molecules and mechanisms controlling endocytosis, sorting and recycling of E-cadherin during junctional remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Brüser
- Institut für Neurobiologie, Universität Münster, Badestraße 9, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Sven Bogdan
- Institut für Neurobiologie, Universität Münster, Badestraße 9, 48149 Münster, Germany.,Institut für Physiologie und Pathophysiologie, Abteilung Molekulare Zellphysiologie, Phillips-Universität Marburg, Emil-Mannkopff-Straße 2, 35037 Marburg, Germany
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17
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Shrestha H, Ryu T, Seo YW, Park SY, He Y, Dai W, Park E, Simkhada S, Kim H, Lee K, Kim K. Hakai, an E3-ligase for E-cadherin, stabilizes δ-catenin through Src kinase. Cell Signal 2017; 31:135-145. [PMID: 28069439 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Hakai ubiquitinates and induces endocytosis of the E-cadherin complex; thus, modulating cell adhesion and regulating development of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of metastasis. Our previous published data show that δ-catenin promotes E-cadherin processing and thereby activates β-catenin-mediated oncogenic signals. Although several published data show the interactions between δ-catenin and E-cadherin and between Hakai and E-cadherin separately, we found no published report on the relationship between δ-catenin and Hakai. In this report, we show Hakai stabilizes δ-catenin regardless of its E3 ligase activity. We show that Hakai and Src increase the stability of δ-catenin synergistically. Hakai stabilizes Src and Src, which in turn, inhibits binding between glycogen synthase kinase-3β and δ-catenin, resulting in less proteosomal degradation of δ-catenin. These results suggest that stabilization of δ-catenin by Hakai is dependent on Src.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hridaya Shrestha
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Taeyong Ryu
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Young-Woo Seo
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju Center at Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - So-Yeon Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, South Korea
| | - Yongfeng He
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Weiye Dai
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Eunsook Park
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju Center at Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Shishli Simkhada
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hangun Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, South Korea
| | - Keesook Lee
- Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea.
| | - Kwonseop Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea.
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18
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Cell division orientation is coupled to cell-cell adhesion by the E-cadherin/LGN complex. Nat Commun 2017; 8:13996. [PMID: 28045117 PMCID: PMC5216124 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Both cell–cell adhesion and oriented cell division play prominent roles in establishing tissue architecture, but it is unclear how they might be coordinated. Here, we demonstrate that the cell–cell adhesion protein E-cadherin functions as an instructive cue for cell division orientation. This is mediated by the evolutionarily conserved LGN/NuMA complex, which regulates cortical attachments of astral spindle microtubules. We show that LGN, which adopts a three-dimensional structure similar to cadherin-bound catenins, binds directly to the E-cadherin cytosolic tail and thereby localizes at cell–cell adhesions. On mitotic entry, NuMA is released from the nucleus and competes LGN from E-cadherin to locally form the LGN/NuMA complex. This mediates the stabilization of cortical associations of astral microtubules at cell–cell adhesions to orient the mitotic spindle. Our results show how E-cadherin instructs the assembly of the LGN/NuMA complex at cell–cell contacts, and define a mechanism that couples cell division orientation to intercellular adhesion. Cell–cell adhesion and oriented cell division play key roles in tissue architecture, but how they are coordinated is not known. Here, the authors show that E-cadherin interacts with LGN, and thereby provides a cortical cue that serves to stabilize cortical attachment of astral microtubules at cell–cell adhesions, thus orienting the mitotic spindle.
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19
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Cadwell CM, Su W, Kowalczyk AP. Cadherin tales: Regulation of cadherin function by endocytic membrane trafficking. Traffic 2016; 17:1262-1271. [PMID: 27624909 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cadherins are the primary adhesion molecules in adherens junctions and desmosomes and play essential roles in embryonic development. Although significant progress has been made in understanding cadherin structure and function, we lack a clear vision of how cells confer plasticity upon adhesive junctions to allow for cellular rearrangements during development, wound healing and metastasis. Endocytic membrane trafficking has emerged as a fundamental mechanism by which cells confer a dynamic state to adhesive junctions. Recent studies indicate that the juxtamembrane domain of classical cadherins contains multiple endocytic motifs, or "switches," that can be used by cellular membrane trafficking machinery to regulate adhesion. The cadherin-binding protein p120-catenin (p120) appears to be the master regulator of access to these switches, thereby controlling cadherin endocytosis and turnover. This review focuses on p120 and other cadherin-binding proteins, ubiquitin ligases, and growth factors as key modulators of cadherin membrane trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantel M Cadwell
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Wenji Su
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.,Biochemistry, Cell, and Developmental Biology Graduate Training Program, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Andrew P Kowalczyk
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.,Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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20
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Nanes BA, Grimsley-Myers CM, Cadwell CM, Robinson BS, Lowery AM, Vincent PA, Mosunjac M, Früh K, Kowalczyk AP. p120-catenin regulates VE-cadherin endocytosis and degradation induced by the Kaposi sarcoma-associated ubiquitin ligase K5. Mol Biol Cell 2016; 28:30-40. [PMID: 27798235 PMCID: PMC5221628 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e16-06-0459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocytosis of VE-cadherin in response to the Kaposi sarcoma E3 ubiquitin ligase K5 is dependent on two membrane-proximal lysine residues but independent of a constitutive endocytosis motif. p120-catenin blocks endocytosis mediated by both motifs, demonstrating that p120 is a master regulator of multiple context-dependent endocytic signals. Vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin undergoes constitutive internalization driven by a unique endocytic motif that also serves as a p120-catenin (p120) binding site. p120 binding masks the motif, stabilizing the cadherin at cell junctions. This mechanism allows constitutive VE-cadherin endocytosis and recycling to contribute to adherens junction dynamics without resulting in junction disassembly. Here we identify an additional motif that drives VE-cadherin endocytosis and pathological junction disassembly associated with the endothelial-derived tumor Kaposi sarcoma. Human herpesvirus 8, which causes Kaposi sarcoma, expresses the MARCH family ubiquitin ligase K5. We report that K5 targets two membrane-proximal VE-cadherin lysine residues for ubiquitination, driving endocytosis and down-regulation of the cadherin. K5-induced VE-cadherin endocytosis does not require the constitutive endocytic motif. However, K5-induced VE-cadherin endocytosis is associated with displacement of p120 from the cadherin, and p120 protects VE-cadherin from K5. Thus multiple context-dependent signals drive VE-cadherin endocytosis, but p120 binding to the cadherin juxtamembrane domain acts as a master regulator guarding cadherin stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A Nanes
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Cell, and Developmental Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322.,Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | | | - Chantel M Cadwell
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Cell, and Developmental Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322.,Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Brian S Robinson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Anthony M Lowery
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208
| | - Peter A Vincent
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208
| | - Marina Mosunjac
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Klaus Früh
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Andrew P Kowalczyk
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 .,Department of Dermatology, and, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
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21
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Tsur A, Bening Abu-Shach U, Broday L. ULP-2 SUMO Protease Regulates E-Cadherin Recruitment to Adherens Junctions. Dev Cell 2015; 35:63-77. [PMID: 26412237 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2015.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Adherens junctions (AJs) are membrane-anchored structures composed of E-cadherin and associated proteins, including catenins and actin. The unique plasticity of AJs mediates both the rigidity and flexibility of cell-cell contacts essential for embryonic morphogenesis and adult tissue remodeling. We identified the SUMO protease ULP-2 as a regulator of AJ assembly and show that dysregulated ULP-2 activity impairs epidermal morphogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos. The conserved cytoplasmic tail of HMR-1/E-cadherin is sumoylated and is a target of ULP-2 desumoylation activity. Coupled sumoylation and desumoylation of HMR-1 are required for its recruitment to the subapical membrane during AJ assembly and the formation of the linkages between AJs and the apical actin cytoskeleton. Sumoylation weakens HMR-1 binding to HMP-2/β-catenin. Our study provides a mechanistic link between the dynamic nature of the SUMO machinery and AJ plasticity and highlight sumoylation as a molecular switch that modulates the binding of E-cadherin to the actin cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assaf Tsur
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Ulrike Bening Abu-Shach
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Limor Broday
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
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22
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Gu C, Liu M, Zhao T, Wang D, Wang Y. Protective role of p120-catenin in maintaining the integrity of adherens and tight junctions in ventilator-induced lung injury. Respir Res 2015; 16:58. [PMID: 25986488 PMCID: PMC4489357 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-015-0217-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) is one of the most common complications for patients with acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Although p120 is an important protein in the regulation of cell junctions, further mechanisms should be explored for prevention and treatment of VILI. METHODS Mouse lung epithelial cells (MLE-12), which were transfected with p120 small interfering (si)RNA, p120 cDNA, wild-type E-cadherin juxtamembrane domain or a K83R mutant juxtamembrane domain (K83R-JMD), were subjected to 20% cyclic stretches for 2 or 4 h. Furthermore, MLE-12 cells and mice, which were pretreated with the c-Src inhibitor PP2 or RhoA inhibitor Y27632, underwent 20% cyclic stretches or mechanical stretching, respectively. Moreover, wild-type C57BL/6 mice were transfected with p120 siRNA-liposome complexes before mechanical ventilation. Cell lysates and lung tissues were then analyzed to detect lung injury. RESULTS cyclic stretches of 20% actived c-Src, which induced degradation of E-cadherin, p120 and occludin. However, loss of p120 increased the degradation and endocytosis of E-cadherin. Immunoprecipitation and Immunofluorescence results showed a decrease in the association between p120 and E-cadherin, while gap formation increased in p120 siRNA and K83R-JMD groups after 20% cyclic stretches. Loss of p120 also reduced the occludin level and decreased the association of occludin and ZO-1 by enhancing RhoA activity. However, the altered levels of occludin and E-cadherin were reversed by PP2 or Y27632 treatments compared with the cyclic stretch group. Consistently, the expression, redistribution and disassociation of junction proteins were all restored in the p120 overexpression group after 20% cyclic stretches. Moreover, the role of p120 in VILI was confirmed by increased wet/dry weigh ratio and enhanced production of cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-six) in p120-depleted mice under mechanical ventilation. CONCLUSIONS p120 protected against VILI by regulating both adherens and tight junctions. p120 inhibited E-cadherin endocytosis by increasing the association between p120 and juxtamembrane domain of E-cadherin. Furthermore, p120 reduced the degradation of occludin by inhibiting RhoA activity. These findings illustrated further mechanisms of p120 in the prevention of VILI, especially for patients with ALI or ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changping Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Mengjie Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Tao Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Yuelan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China.
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23
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Abstract
Three classes of E3 ubiquitin ligases, members of the Cbl, Hakai, and SOCS-Cul5-RING ligase families, stimulate the ubiquitination of phosphotyrosine-containing proteins, including receptor and nonreceptor tyrosine kinases and their phosphorylated substrates. Because ubiquitination frequently routes proteins for degradation by the lysosome or proteasome, these E3 ligases are able to potently inhibit tyrosine kinase signaling. Their loss or mutational inactivation can contribute to cancer, autoimmunity, or endocrine disorders, such as diabetes. However, these ligases also have biological functions that are independent of their ubiquitination activity. Here we review relevant literature and then focus on more-recent developments in understanding the structures, substrates, and pathways through which the phosphotyrosine-specific ubiquitin ligases regulate diverse aspects of cell biology.
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24
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Renart J, Carrasco-Ramírez P, Fernández-Muñoz B, Martín-Villar E, Montero L, Yurrita MM, Quintanilla M. New insights into the role of podoplanin in epithelial-mesenchymal transition. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 317:185-239. [PMID: 26008786 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2015.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Podoplanin is a small mucin-like transmembrane protein expressed in several adult tissues and with an important role during embryogenesis. It is needed for the proper development of kidneys and lungs as well as accurate formation of the lymphatic vascular system. In addition, it is involved in the physiology of the immune system. A wide variety of tumors express podoplanin, both in the malignant cells and in the stroma. Although there are exceptions, the presence of podoplanin results in poor prognosis. The main consequence of forced podoplanin expression in established and tumor-derived cell lines is an increase in cell migration and, eventually, the triggering of an epithelial-mesenchymal transition, whereby cells acquire a fibroblastoid phenotype and increased motility. We will examine the current status of the role of podoplanin in the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition as well as the different interactions that lead to this program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Renart
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Ester Martín-Villar
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía Montero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - María M Yurrita
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Quintanilla
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
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25
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Sako-Kubota K, Tanaka N, Nagae S, Meng W, Takeichi M. Minus end-directed motor KIFC3 suppresses E-cadherin degradation by recruiting USP47 to adherens junctions. Mol Biol Cell 2014; 25:3851-60. [PMID: 25253721 PMCID: PMC4244195 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e14-07-1245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
KIFC3, a minus end–directed kinesin motor, recruits the ubiquitin-specific protease USP47, a protease that removes ubiquitin chains from substrates, to epithelial adherens junctions. This process suppresses the ubiquitination and resultant degradation of E-cadherin, thereby maintaining stable cell–cell adhesion in epithelial sheets. The adherens junction (AJ) plays a crucial role in maintaining cell–cell adhesion in epithelial tissues. Previous studies show that KIFC3, a minus end–directed kinesin motor, moves into AJs via microtubules that grow from clusters of CAMSAP3 (also known as Nezha), a protein that binds microtubule minus ends. The function of junction-associated KIFC3, however, remains to be elucidated. Here we find that KIFC3 binds the ubiquitin-specific protease USP47, a protease that removes ubiquitin chains from substrates and hence inhibits proteasome-mediated proteolysis, and recruits it to AJs. Depletion of KIFC3 or USP47 promotes cleavage of E-cadherin at a juxtamembrane region of the cytoplasmic domain, resulting in the production of a 90-kDa fragment and the internalization of E-cadherin. This cleavage depends on the E3 ubiquitin protein ligase Hakai and is inhibited by proteasome inhibitors. E-cadherin ubiquitination consistently increases after depletion of KIFC3 or USP47. These findings suggest that KIFC3 suppresses the ubiquitination and resultant degradation of E-cadherin by recruiting USP47 to AJs, a process that may be involved in maintaining stable cell–cell adhesion in epithelial sheets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shigenori Nagae
- RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Wenxiang Meng
- RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe 650-0047, Japan State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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26
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Schackmann RCJ, Tenhagen M, van de Ven RAH, Derksen PWB. p120-catenin in cancer - mechanisms, models and opportunities for intervention. J Cell Sci 2014; 126:3515-25. [PMID: 23950111 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.134411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial adherens junction is an E-cadherin-based complex that controls tissue integrity and is stabilized at the plasma membrane by p120-catenin (p120, also known as CTNND1). Mutational and epigenetic inactivation of E-cadherin has been strongly implicated in the development and progression of cancer. In this setting, p120 translocates to the cytosol where it exerts oncogenic properties through aberrant regulation of Rho GTPases, growth factor receptor signaling and derepression of Kaiso (also known as ZBTB33) target genes. In contrast, indirect inactivation of the adherens junction through conditional knockout of p120 in mice was recently linked to tumor formation, indicating that p120 can also function as a tumor suppressor. Supporting these opposing functions are findings in human cancer, which show that either loss or cytoplasmic localization of p120 is a common feature in the progression of several types of carcinoma. Underlying this dual biological phenomenon might be the context-dependent regulation of Rho GTPases in the cytosol and the derepression of Kaiso target genes. Here, we discuss past and present findings that implicate p120 in the regulation of cancer progression and highlight opportunities for clinical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron C J Schackmann
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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27
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Jiang K, Rankin CR, Nava P, Sumagin R, Kamekura R, Stowell SR, Feng M, Parkos CA, Nusrat A. Galectin-3 regulates desmoglein-2 and intestinal epithelial intercellular adhesion. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:10510-10517. [PMID: 24567334 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.538538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The desmosomal cadherins, desmogleins, and desmocollins mediate strong intercellular adhesion. Human intestinal epithelial cells express the desmoglein-2 isoform. A proteomic screen for Dsg2-associated proteins in intestinal epithelial cells identified a lectin referred to as galectin-3 (Gal3). Gal3 bound to N-linked β-galactosides in Dsg2 extracellular domain and co-sedimented with caveolin-1 in lipid rafts. Down-regulation of Gal3 protein or incubation with lactose, a galactose-containing disaccharide that competitively inhibits galectin binding to Dsg2, decreased intercellular adhesion in intestinal epithelial cells. In the absence of functional Gal3, Dsg2 protein was internalized from the plasma membrane and degraded in the proteasome. These results report a novel role of Gal3 in stabilizing a desmosomal cadherin and intercellular adhesion in intestinal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Jiang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Carl R Rankin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Porfirio Nava
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322; Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, CINVESTAV IPN., Av. IPN 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 Ciudad de México, Distrito Federal, México
| | - Ronen Sumagin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Ryuta Kamekura
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Sean R Stowell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Mingli Feng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Charles A Parkos
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Asma Nusrat
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322.
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28
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He Y, Kim H, Ryu T, Lee KY, Choi WS, Kim KM, Zheng M, Joh Y, Lee JH, Kwon DD, Lu Q, Kim K. C-Src-mediated phosphorylation of δ-catenin increases its protein stability and the ability of inducing nuclear distribution of β-catenin. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2014; 1843:758-68. [PMID: 24412473 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Although δ-catenin was first considered as a brain specific protein, strong evidence of δ-catenin overexpression in various cancers, including prostate cancer, has been accumulated. Phosphorylation of δ-catenin by Akt and GSK3β has been studied in various cell lines. However, tyrosine phosphorylation of δ-catenin in prostate cancer cells remains unknown. In the current study, we demonstrated that Src kinase itself phosphorylates δ-catenin on its tyrosine residues in prostate cancer cells and further illustrated that Y1073, Y1112 and Y1176 of δ-catenin are predominant sites responsible for tyrosine phosphorylation mediated by c-Src. Apart from c-Src, other Src family kinases, including Fgr, Fyn and Lyn, can also phosphorylate δ-catenin. We also found that c-Src-mediated Tyr-phosphorylation of δ-catenin increases its stability via decreasing its affinity to GSK3β and enhances its ability of inducing nuclear distribution of β-catenin through interrupting the integrity of the E-cadherin. Taken together, these results indicate that c-Src can enhance the oncogenic function of δ-catenin in prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng He
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hangun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, South Korea
| | - Taeyong Ryu
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Kwang-Youl Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Won-Seok Choi
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, College of Natural Sciences, College of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Kyeong-Man Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Mei Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Yechan Joh
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, College of Natural Sciences, College of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hyuk Lee
- Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Dong-Deuk Kwon
- Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Qun Lu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, USA
| | - Kwonseop Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea; Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea.
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29
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Grieve AG, Rabouille C. Extracellular cleavage of E-cadherin promotes epithelial cell extrusion. J Cell Sci 2014; 127:3331-46. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.147926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cell extrusion and subsequent apoptosis is a key mechanism to prevent accumulation of excess cells. Conversely, when driven by oncogene expression, apical cell extrusion is followed by proliferation and represents an initial step of tumorigenesis. E-cadherin (E-cad), the main component of adherens junctions, has been shown to be essential for epithelial cell extrusion, but its mechanistic contribution remains unclear. Here, we provide clear evidence that cell extrusion can be driven by E-cad cleavage, both in a wild type and oncogenic environment. We first show that CDC42 activation in a single epithelial cell results in its efficient MMP-sensitive extrusion through MEK signaling activation and is supported by E-cad cleavage. Second, using an engineered cleavable form of E-cad, we demonstrate that sole extracellular E-cad truncation at the plasma membrane promotes apical extrusion. We propose that extracellular cleavage of E-cad generates a rapid change in cell-cell adhesion sufficient to drive apical cell extrusion. Whereas in normal epithelia, extrusion is followed by apoptosis, when combined to active oncogenic signaling, it is coupled to cell proliferation.
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30
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Ivanov AI, Naydenov NG. Dynamics and regulation of epithelial adherens junctions: recent discoveries and controversies. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2013; 303:27-99. [PMID: 23445808 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-407697-6.00002-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Adherens junctions (AJs) are evolutionarily conserved plasma-membrane structures that mediate cell-cell adhesions in multicellular organisms. They are organized by several types of adhesive integral membrane proteins, most notably cadherins and nectins that are clustered and stabilized by a number of cytoplasmic scaffolds. AJs are key regulators of tissue architecture and dynamics via control of cell proliferation, polarity, shape, motility, and survival. They are absolutely critical for normal tissue morphogenesis and their disruption results in pathological abnormalities in different tissues. Although the field of adherens-junction research dramatically progressed in recent years, a number of important questions remain controversial and poorly understood. This review outlines basic principles that regulate organization of AJs in mammalian epithelia and discusses recent advances and standing controversies in the field. A special attention is paid to the regulation of AJs by vesicle trafficking and the intracellular cytoskeleton as well as roles and mechanisms of adherens-junction disruption during tumor progression and tissue inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei I Ivanov
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
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31
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Vlug E, Ercan C, van der Wall E, van Diest PJ, Derksen PWB. Lobular Breast Cancer: Pathology, Biology, and Options for Clinical Intervention. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2013; 62:7-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s00005-013-0251-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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32
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Aikawa Y. Ubiquitination within the membrane-proximal ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM)-binding region of the L1 cell adhesion molecule. Commun Integr Biol 2013; 6:e24750. [PMID: 23986810 PMCID: PMC3737756 DOI: 10.4161/cib.24750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic turnover of the L1 cell adhesion molecule to and from the plasma membrane that is mediated through exo-and endocytic trafficking is central to axon outgrowth. Although the ubiquitination of L1 in response to incubation with an L1 antibody that mimics L1-L1 homophilic binding has been previously shown, the endocytic trafficking pathway of the ubiquitinated L1 destined for degradation is yet unclear. I have recently shown that the ubiquitinated L1 is endocytosed by Rabex-5, which is an ubiquitin-binding protein and guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab5, into early endosomes from the plasma membrane. Here, I speculate on the putative ubiquitination site within the membrane-proximal ezrin-binding motif in the cytoplasmic domain of L1 and discuss the regulatory role of this motif in the competition between ubiquitination and the binding of ezrin prior to L1 internalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikatsu Aikawa
- Laboratory of Neural Membrane Biology; Graduate School of Brain Science; Doshisha University; Kyoto, Japan
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33
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Palenski TL, Sorenson CM, Sheibani N. Inflammatory cytokine-specific alterations in retinal endothelial cell function. Microvasc Res 2013; 89:57-69. [PMID: 23806781 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2013.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 06/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is recognized as a chronic low-grade inflammatory disease. Retinal microvascular cell dysfunction and loss play an important role in the pathogenesis of DR. However, the basic mechanisms underlying the development and progression of DR are poorly understood. Many recent studies indicate that increased production of inflammatory factors either systemically and/or locally, is strongly associated with vascular dysfunction during diabetes. Here we sought to determine the specific impact of different inflammatory mediators on retinal endothelial cell (EC) function. Inflammatory mediators TNF-α and IL-1β attenuated the migration and capillary morphogenesis of retinal EC. These dysfunctions were associated with an increased production of reactive oxygen species, expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, and production of total nitrate/nitrite. Incubation of retinal EC with TNF-α and IL-1β altered VE-cadherin localization, as well as the expression of other junctional proteins. In addition, TNF-α and IL-1β also altered the production of various ECM proteins including osteopontin, collagen IV, and tenascin-C. Mechanistically, these changes were concomitant with the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways. In contrast, incubation of retinal EC with MCP-1 minimally affected their migratory, junctional, and ECM properties. Together our results indicate that the presence of inflammatory mediators in diabetes may have specific and significant impact on vascular cell function, and contribute to the pathogenesis of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy L Palenski
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
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34
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miR-203 regulates cell proliferation through its influence on Hakai expression. PLoS One 2012; 7:e52568. [PMID: 23285092 PMCID: PMC3527564 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene expression is potently regulated through the action of microRNAs (miRNAs). Here, we present evidence of a miRNA regulating Hakai protein. Hakai was discovered as an E3 ubiquitin-ligase that mediates the posttranslational downregulation of E-cadherin, a major component of adherens junctions in epithelial cells and a potent tumour suppressor. Recent data have provided evidence that Hakai affects cell proliferation in an E-cadherin-independent manner, thus revealing a role for Hakai in the early stages of tumour progression. Furthermore, Hakai is highly up-regulated in human colon adenocarcinomas compared to normal tissues. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate Hakai abundance are unknown. We identified two putative sites of miR-203 interaction on the Hakai mRNA, in its 3′-untranslated region (UTR). In several human carcinoma cell lines tested, overexpression of a miR-203 precursor (Pre-miR-203) reduced Hakai abundance, while inhibiting miR-203 by using an antisense RNA (Anti-miR-203) elevated Hakai levels. The repressive influence of miR-203 on the Hakai 3′-UTR was confirmed using heterologous reporter constructs. In keeping with Hakai's proliferative influence, Anti-miR-203 significantly increased cell number and BrdU incorporation, while Pre-miR-203 reduced these parameters. Importantly, the growth-promoting effects of anti-miR-203 required the presence of Hakai, because downregulation of Hakai by siRNA suppressed its proliferative action. Finally, in situ hybridization showed that miR-203 expression is attenuated in colon tumour tissues compared to normal colon tissues, suggesting that miR-203 could be a potential new prognostic marker and therapeutic target to explore in colon cancer. In conclusion, our findings reveal, for the first time, a post-transcriptional regulator of Hakai expression. Furthermore, by lowering Hakai abundance, miR-203 also reduces Hakai-regulated-cell division.
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