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Liu W, Xu H, Zhang H, Xie M, Liu Y, Wang L, Wu X, Feng Y, Chen K. Noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis in mini pigs using an 18F-AlF-NOTA-RGD2 PET/CT molecular probe. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35502. [PMID: 39170113 PMCID: PMC11336738 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the efficacy of the 18F-AlF-NOTA-RGD2 positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) molecular probe for the noninvasive staging of liver fibrosis in mini pigs, a potential alternative to invasive diagnostic methods was revealed. This study used 18F-AlF-NOTA-RGD2 PET/CT imaging of mini pigs to assess liver fibrosis. The methods included synthesis and quality control of the molecular probe, establishment of an animal model of liver fibrosis, blood serum enzymatic tests, histopathological examination, PET/CT imaging, collagen content and expression, and mitochondrial reserve function assessment. The 18F-AlF-NOTA-RGD2 PET/CT molecular probe effectively differentiated various stages of liver fibrosis in mini pigs. Blood serum enzymatic tests revealed distinct stages of liver fibrosis, revealing significant increases in AST, ALT, TBIL, and DBIL levels as fibrosis advanced. Notably, ALT levels increased markedly in severe fibrosis patients. A gradual increase in collagen deposition and increasing α-SMA RNA expression and protein levels effectively differentiated between mild and severe fibrosis stages. Pathological examinations and Sirius Red staining confirmed these findings, highlighting substantial increases in collagen accumulation. PET/CT imaging results aligned with histopathological findings, showing that increased radiotracer uptake correlated with fibrosis severity. Assessments of mitochondrial function revealed a decrease in total liver glutathione content and mitochondrial reserve capacity, especially in patients with severe fibrosis. The 18F-AlF-NOTA-RGD2 PET/CT molecular probe is a promising tool for the noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis, offering potential benefits over traditional diagnostic methods in hepatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrui Liu
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Hongwei Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Center of Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Haili Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Center of Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Maodi Xie
- Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolis, Wmest China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yundi Liu
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Li Wang
- Jiangsu Xinrui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Jiangsu, 226500, China
| | - Xiaoai Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yinrui Feng
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Kefei Chen
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Center of Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
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Rodrigues Toledo C, Tantawy AA, Lima Fuscaldi L, Malavolta L, de Aguiar Ferreira C. EGFR- and Integrin α Vβ 3-Targeting Peptides as Potential Radiometal-Labeled Radiopharmaceuticals for Cancer Theranostics. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8553. [PMID: 39126121 PMCID: PMC11313252 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The burgeoning field of cancer theranostics has witnessed advancements through the development of targeted molecular agents, particularly peptides. These agents exploit the overexpression or mutations of specific receptors, such as the Epidermal Growth Factor receptor (EGFR) and αVβ3 integrin, which are pivotal in tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Despite the extensive research into and promising outcomes associated with antibody-based therapies, peptides offer a compelling alternative due to their smaller size, ease of modification, and rapid bioavailability, factors which potentially enhance tumor penetration and reduce systemic toxicity. However, the application of peptides in clinical settings has challenges. Their lower binding affinity and rapid clearance from the bloodstream compared to antibodies often limit their therapeutic efficacy and diagnostic accuracy. This overview sets the stage for a comprehensive review of the current research landscape as it relates to EGFR- and integrin αVβ3-targeting peptides. We aim to delve into their synthesis, radiolabeling techniques, and preclinical and clinical evaluations, highlighting their potential and limitations in cancer theranostics. This review not only synthesizes the extant literature to outline the advancements in peptide-based agents targeting EGFR and integrin αVβ3 but also identifies critical gaps that could inform future research directions. By addressing these gaps, we contribute to the broader discourse on enhancing the diagnostic precision and therapeutic outcomes of cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cibele Rodrigues Toledo
- The Institute for Quantitative Health Science & Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (C.R.T.); (A.A.T.)
| | - Ahmed A. Tantawy
- The Institute for Quantitative Health Science & Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (C.R.T.); (A.A.T.)
- Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Leonardo Lima Fuscaldi
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences, São Paulo 01221-020, Brazil; (L.L.F.); (L.M.)
| | - Luciana Malavolta
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences, São Paulo 01221-020, Brazil; (L.L.F.); (L.M.)
| | - Carolina de Aguiar Ferreira
- The Institute for Quantitative Health Science & Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (C.R.T.); (A.A.T.)
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Wang L, Zhu X, Xue Y, Huang Z, Zou W, Zhang Z, Yu M, Pan D, Wang K. Ultrasensitive detection of uveal melanoma using [ 18F]AlF-NOTA-PRGD2 PET imaging. EJNMMI Res 2024; 14:62. [PMID: 38967722 PMCID: PMC11226693 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-024-01123-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular tumor in adults, and early detection is critical to improve the clinical outcome of this disease. In this study, the diagnostic effectiveness of [18F]AlF-NOTA-PRGD2 (an investigational medicinal product) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in UM xenografts and UM patients were evaluated. The cell uptake, cell binding ability and in vitro stability of [18F]AlF-NOTA-PRGD2 were evaluated in 92-1 UM cell line. MicroPET imaging and biodistribution study of [18F]AlF-NOTA-PRGD2 were conducted in 92-1 UM xenografts. Then, UM patients were further recruited for evaluating the diagnostic effectiveness of [18F]AlF-NOTA-PRGD2 PET imaging (approval no. NCT02441972 in clinicaltrials.gov). In addition, comparison of [18F]AlF-NOTA-PRGD2 and 18F-labelled fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) PET imaging in UM xenografts and UM patients were conducted. RESULTS The in vitro data showed that [18F]AlF-NOTA-PRGD2 had a high cell uptake, cell binding ability and in vitro stability in 92-1 UM cell line. The in vivo data indicated that 92-1 UM tumors were clearly visualized with the [18F]AlF-NOTA-PRGD2 tracer in the subcutaneous and ocular primary UM xenografts model at 60 min post-injection. And the tumor uptake of the tracer was 2.55 ± 0.44%ID/g and 1.73 ± 0.15%ID/g at these two tissue locations respectively, at 7 days after animal model construction. The clinical data showed that tumors in UM patients were clearly visualized with the [18F]AlF-NOTA-PRGD2 tracer at 60 min post-injection. In addition, [18F]AlF-NOTA-PRGD2 tracer showed higher sensitivity and specificity for PET imaging in UM xenografts and UM patients compared to [18F]FDG tracer. CONCLUSION [18F]AlF-NOTA-PRGD2 PET imaging may be a more preferred approach in the diagnosis of primary UM compared to [18F]FDG PET imaging. Additionally, due to the high tumor-to-background ratio, [18F]AlF-NOTA-PRGD2 PET imaging seems also to be applicable for the diagnosis of UM patients with liver metastasis. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02441972, Registered 1 January 2012, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02441972 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xue Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Xue
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhihong Huang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wenjun Zou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangnan University Medical Center JUMC, Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhengwei Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangnan University Medical Center JUMC, Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mengxi Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangnan University Medical Center JUMC, Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Donghui Pan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Ke Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Zhu X, Pan D, Zhang Z, Wang K, Zou W. Comparison of 18 F-AlF-NOTA-PRGD2 and 18 F-FDG PET/CT Imaging in a Case of Primary Uveal Melanoma. Clin Nucl Med 2024; 49:489-490. [PMID: 38465994 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000005143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Uveal melanoma is the most common intraocular malignancy in adults with a high rate of metastasis and mortality. This study presented the PET/CT imaging of 18 F-AlF-NOTA-PRGD2 and 18 F-FDG in a patient with primary uveal melanoma. In addition to fundus photograph and ophthalmic ultrasonography, both 18 F-AlF-NOTA-PRGD2 and 18 F-FDG PET/CT imaging showed increased radioactive uptake in the lesions within the scan area. The tumoral lesions presented significantly higher uptake of 18 F-AlF-NOTA-PRGD2 compared with that of 18 F-FDG.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhengwei Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangnan University Medical Center JUMC, Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | | | - Wenjun Zou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangnan University Medical Center JUMC, Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
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Chen L, Fu H, He H, Lou K, Li Q, Ye J, Feng G, Yu C. Automated Synthesis and Preclinical Evaluation of Optimized Integrin α6-Targeted Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of Pancreatic Cancer. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:4277-4284. [PMID: 37463487 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Integrin α6 has been considered a promising biomarker, is overexpressed in many tumors, and plays a vital role in tumor formation, recurrence, and metastasis. In this study, we identified a novel high-affinity integrin α6-targeted peptide named RD2 (Arg-Trp-Tyr-Asp-PEG4)2-Lys-Lys and developed a 18F-radiolabeled peptide tracer ([18F]-AlF-NOTA-RD2) and evaluated its potential application in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of pancreatic cancer. [18F]-AlF-NOTA-RD2 was produced using GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice of Medical Products)-compliant automatic radiosynthesis on a single GE FASTLab2 cassette-type synthesis module. The stability of [18F]-AlF-NOTA-RD2 was analyzed in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and fetal bovine serum (FBS). The cell uptake assay of the tracer was assessed using PANC-1 cells. In addition, small-animal PET imaging and biodistribution studies of [18F]-AlF-NOTA-RD2 were performed in pancreatic cancer subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice. The PET tracer [18F]-AlF-NOTA-RD2 was obtained with a radiochemical yield of 23.7 ± 4.7%, radiochemical purity of >99%, and molar activity of 165.7 ± 59.1 GBq/μmol. [18F]-AlF-NOTA-RD2 exhibited good in vitro stability in PBS and FBS. LogP octanol water value for the tracer was -2.28 ± 0.05 (n = 3). The binding affinity of RD2 to the integrin α6 protein (Kd = 0.13 ± 3.65 μM, n = 3) was significantly higher than that of the RWY (CRWYDENAC) (Kd = 6.97 ± 1.44 μM, n = 3). Small-animal PET imaging and biodistribution also revealed that [18F]-AlF-NOTA-RD2 displayed rapid and good tumor uptake and lower liver background uptake in PANC-1 tumor-bearing mice. [18F]-AlF-NOTA-RD2 showed significant radioactivity accumulation in tumors and was successfully blocked by NOTA-RD2. Compared with [18F]-FDG, [18F]-AlF-NOTA-RD2 PET imaging and biodistribution studies in PANC-1 xenograft tumor-bearing mice confirmed a good tumor-to-muscle ratio (8.69 ± 2.03 vs 1.41 ± 0.23, respectively) at 0.5 h and (2.99 ± 3.02 vs 1.43 ± 0.17, respectively) at 1 h post injection. Autoradiography of human pancreatic cancer tumor tissues further confirmed high accumulation of [18F]-AlF-NOTA-RD2. In summary, we developed an optimized integrin α6-targeted imaging tracer and obtained high radioactivity products with a cassette-type synthesis module; moreover, the tracer exhibited good binding affinity with integrin α6 and good target specificity for PANC-1 cells in xenograft pancreatic tumor-bearing mice, demonstrating its promising application as a noninvasive PET radiotracer of integrin α6 expression in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 1000 Hefeng Road, Binhu District, Wuxi 214062, P.R. China
| | - Haitian Fu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 1000 Hefeng Road, Binhu District, Wuxi 214062, P.R. China
| | - Huihui He
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 1000 Hefeng Road, Binhu District, Wuxi 214062, P.R. China
| | - Kequan Lou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 1000 Hefeng Road, Binhu District, Wuxi 214062, P.R. China
| | - Qingbo Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 1000 Hefeng Road, Binhu District, Wuxi 214062, P.R. China
| | - Jiacong Ye
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, P.R. China
| | - Guokai Feng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, P.R. China
| | - Chunjing Yu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 1000 Hefeng Road, Binhu District, Wuxi 214062, P.R. China
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Hiroyama S, Matsunaga K, Ito M, Iimori H, Tajiri M, Nakano Y, Shimosegawa E, Abe K. Usefulness of 18F-FPP-RGD2 PET in pathophysiological evaluation of lung fibrosis using a bleomycin-induced rat model. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022; 49:4358-4368. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-05908-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Li L, Chen X, Yu J, Yuan S. Preliminary Clinical Application of RGD-Containing Peptides as PET Radiotracers for Imaging Tumors. Front Oncol 2022; 12:837952. [PMID: 35311120 PMCID: PMC8924613 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.837952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a common feature of many physiological processes and pathological conditions. RGD-containing peptides can strongly bind to integrin αvβ3 expressed on endothelial cells in neovessels and several tumor cells with high specificity, making them promising molecular agents for imaging angiogenesis. Although studies of RGD-containing peptides combined with radionuclides, namely, 18F, 64Cu, and 68Ga for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging have shown high spatial resolution and accurate quantification of tracer uptake, only a few of these radiotracers have been successfully translated into clinical use. This review summarizes the RGD-based tracers in terms of accumulation in tumors and adjacent tissues, and comparison with traditional 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) imaging. The value of RGD-based tracers for diagnosis, differential diagnosis, tumor subvolume delineation, and therapeutic response prediction is mainly discussed. Very low RGD accumulation, in contrast to high FDG metabolism, was found in normal brain tissue, indicating that RGD-based imaging provides an excellent tumor-to-background ratio for improved brain tumor imaging. However, the intensity of the RGD-based tracers is much higher than FDG in normal liver tissue, which could lead to underestimation of primary or metastatic lesions in liver. In multiple studies, RGD-based imaging successfully realized the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of solid tumors and also the prediction of chemoradiotherapy response, providing complementary rather than similar information relative to FDG imaging. Of most interest, baseline RGD uptake values can not only be used to predict the tumor efficacy of antiangiogenic therapy, but also to monitor the occurrence of adverse events in normal organs. This unique dual predictive value in antiangiogenic therapy may be better than that of FDG-based imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuanghu Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Wu Y, Huang Q, Wang J, Dai Y, Xiao M, Li Y, Zhang H, Xiao W. The Feasibility of Targeted Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoagent for Noninvasive IgA Nephropathy Diagnosis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:755692. [PMID: 34900958 PMCID: PMC8656216 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.755692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
IgA nephropathy is the most common glomerular disease in the world and has become a serious threat to human health. Accurate and non-invasive molecular imaging to detect and recognize the IgA nephropathy is critical for the subsequent timely treatment; otherwise, it may progress to end-stage renal disease and lead to glomerular dysfunction. In this study, we have developed a sensitive, specific, and biocompatible integrin αvβ3-targeted superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) for the noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of integrin αvβ3, which is overexpressed in glomerular mesangial region of IgA nephropathy. The rat model of IgA nephropathy was successfully established and verified by biochemical tests and histological staining. Meanwhile, the clinical 18F-AlF-NOTA-PRGD2 probe molecule was utilized to visualize and further confirmed the IgA nephropathy in vivo via positron emission computed tomography. Subsequently, the Fe3O4 NPs were conjugated with arginine–glycine–aspartic acid (RGD) molecules (Fe3O4-RGD), and their integrin αvβ3-targeted T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) potential has been carefully evaluated. The Fe3O4-RGD demonstrated great relaxation in vivo. The T2WI signal of renal layers in the targeted group at 3 h after intravenous injection of Fe3O4-RGD was distinctly lower than baseline, indicating MRI signal decreased in the established IgA nephropathy rat model. Moreover, the TEM characterization and Prussian blue staining confirmed that the Fe3O4-RGD was located at the region of glomerulus and tubular interstitium. Moreover, no obvious signal decreased was detected in the untargeted Fe3O4 treated and normal groups. Collectively, our results establish the possibility of Fe3O4-RGD serving as a feasible MRI agent for the noninvasive diagnosis of IgA nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Wu
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junli Wang
- Department of Radiology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuhua Dai
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming Xiao
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Gynecological Diseases, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Åbo Akademi University, Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Wenbo Xiao
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Liolios C, Sachpekidis C, Kolocouris A, Dimitrakopoulou-Strauss A, Bouziotis P. PET Diagnostic Molecules Utilizing Multimeric Cyclic RGD Peptide Analogs for Imaging Integrin α vβ 3 Receptors. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061792. [PMID: 33810198 PMCID: PMC8005094 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Multimeric ligands consisting of multiple pharmacophores connected to a single backbone have been widely investigated for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. In this review, we summarize recent developments regarding multimeric radioligands targeting integrin αvβ3 receptors on cancer cells for molecular imaging and diagnostic applications using positron emission tomography (PET). Integrin αvβ3 receptors are glycoproteins expressed on the cell surface, which have a significant role in tumor angiogenesis. They act as receptors for several extracellular matrix proteins exposing the tripeptide sequence arginine-glycine-aspartic (RGD). Cyclic RDG peptidic ligands c(RGD) have been developed for integrin αvβ3 tumor-targeting positron emission tomography (PET) diagnosis. Several c(RGD) pharmacophores, connected with the linker and conjugated to a chelator or precursor for radiolabeling with different PET radionuclides (18F, 64Cu, and 68Ga), have resulted in multimeric ligands superior to c(RGD) monomers. The binding avidity, pharmacodynamic, and PET imaging properties of these multimeric c(RGD) radioligands, in relation to their structural characteristics are analyzed and discussed. Furthermore, specific examples from preclinical studies and clinical investigations are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Liolios
- Radiochemical Studies Laboratory, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Ag. Paraskevi Attikis, 15310 Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis–Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece;
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (P.B.)
| | - Christos Sachpekidis
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Nuclear Medicine, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.S.); (A.D.-S.)
| | - Antonios Kolocouris
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis–Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece;
| | - Antonia Dimitrakopoulou-Strauss
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Nuclear Medicine, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.S.); (A.D.-S.)
| | - Penelope Bouziotis
- Radiochemical Studies Laboratory, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Ag. Paraskevi Attikis, 15310 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (P.B.)
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Patel TK, Adhikari N, Amin SA, Biswas S, Jha T, Ghosh B. Small molecule drug conjugates (SMDCs): an emerging strategy for anticancer drug design and discovery. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj04134c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms of how SMDCs work. Small molecule drugs are conjugated with the targeted ligand using pH sensitive linkers which allow the drug molecule to get released at lower lysosomal pH. It helps to accumulate the chemotherapeutic agents to be localized in the tumor environment upon cleaving of the pH-labile bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Kumar Patel
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy
- BITS-Pilani
- Hyderabad
- India
| | - Nilanjan Adhikari
- Natural Science Laboratory
- Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700032
| | - Sk. Abdul Amin
- Natural Science Laboratory
- Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700032
| | - Swati Biswas
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy
- BITS-Pilani
- Hyderabad
- India
| | - Tarun Jha
- Natural Science Laboratory
- Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700032
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy
- BITS-Pilani
- Hyderabad
- India
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11
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Mukai H, Watanabe Y. Review: PET imaging with macro- and middle-sized molecular probes. Nucl Med Biol 2021; 92:156-170. [PMID: 32660789 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress in radiolabeling of macro- and middle-sized molecular probes has been extending possibilities to use PET molecular imaging for dynamic application to drug development and therapeutic evaluation. Theranostics concept also accelerated the use of macro- and middle-sized molecular probes for sharpening the contrast of proper target recognition even the cellular types/subtypes and proper selection of the patients who should be treated by the same molecules recognition. Here, brief summary of the present status of immuno-PET, and then further development of advanced technologies related to immuno-PET, peptidic PET probes, and nucleic acids PET probes are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidefumi Mukai
- Laboratory for Molecular Delivery and Imaging Technology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan.
| | - Yasuyoshi Watanabe
- Laboratory for Pathophysiological and Health Science, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan.
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12
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Hiroyama S, Rokugawa T, Ito M, Iimori H, Morita I, Maeda H, Fujisawa K, Matsunaga K, Shimosegawa E, Abe K. Quantitative evaluation of hepatic integrin α vβ 3 expression by positron emission tomography imaging using 18F-FPP-RGD 2 in rats with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. EJNMMI Res 2020; 10:118. [PMID: 33026561 PMCID: PMC7541810 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-020-00704-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Integrin αvβ3, which are expressed by activated hepatic stellate cells in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), play an important role in the fibrosis. Recently, we reported that an RGD peptide positron emission tomography (PET) probe is useful as a predictor of hepatic fibrosis. Kinetic analysis of the RGD PET probe has been performed in tumours, but not in hepatic fibrosis. Therefore, we aimed to quantify hepatic integrin αvβ3 in a model of NASH by kinetic analysis using 18F-FPP-RGD2, an integrin αvβ3 PET probe. Methods 18F-FPP-RGD2 PET/CT scans were performed in control and NASH rats. Tissue kinetic analyses were performed using a one-tissue, two-compartment (1T2C) and a two-tissue, three-compartment (2T3C) model using an image-derived input function (IDIF) for the left ventricle. We then conducted correlation analysis between standard uptake values (SUVs) or volume of distribution (VT), evaluated using compartment kinetic analysis and integrin αv or β3 protein expression. Results Biochemical and histological evaluation confirmed the development of NASH rats. Integrin αvβ3 protein expression and hepatic SUV were higher in NASH- than normal rats. The hepatic activity of 18F-FPP-RGD2 peaked rapidly after administration and then gradually decreased, whereas left ventricular activity rapidly disappeared. The 2T3C model was found to be preferable for 18F-FPP-RGD2 kinetic analysis in the liver. The VT (IDIF) for 18F-FPP-RGD2, calculated using the 2T3C model, was significantly higher in NASH- than normal rats and correlated strongly with hepatic integrin αv and β3 protein expression. The strengths of these correlations were similar to those between SUV60–90 min and hepatic integrin αv or β3 protein expression. Conclusions We have demonstrated that the VT (IDIF) of 18F-FPP-RGD2, calculated using kinetic modelling, positively correlates with integrin αv and β3 protein in the liver of NASH rats. These findings suggest that hepatic VT (IDIF) provides a quantitative assessment of integrin αvβ3 protein in liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Hiroyama
- Translational Research Unit, Biomarker R&D Department, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 561-0825, Japan.
| | - Takemi Rokugawa
- Translational Research Unit, Biomarker R&D Department, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 561-0825, Japan
| | - Miwa Ito
- Translational Research Unit, Biomarker R&D Department, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 561-0825, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Iimori
- Research Laboratory for Development, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 561-0825, Japan
| | - Ippei Morita
- Laboratory for Advanced Medicine Research, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 561-0825, Japan
| | - Hiroki Maeda
- Laboratory for Innovative Therapy Research, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 561-0825, Japan
| | - Kae Fujisawa
- Research Laboratory for Development, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 561-0825, Japan
| | - Keiko Matsunaga
- Department of Molecular Imaging in Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Eku Shimosegawa
- Department of Molecular Imaging in Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kohji Abe
- Translational Research Unit, Biomarker R&D Department, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 561-0825, Japan
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13
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Shao T, Chen Z, Belov V, Wang X, Rwema SH, Kumar V, Fu H, Deng X, Rong J, Yu Q, Lang L, Lin W, Josephson L, Samir AE, Chen X, Chung RT, Liang SH. [ 18F]-Alfatide PET imaging of integrin αvβ3 for the non-invasive quantification of liver fibrosis. J Hepatol 2020; 73:161-169. [PMID: 32145257 PMCID: PMC7363052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The vitronectin receptor integrin αvβ3 drives fibrogenic activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Molecular imaging targeting the integrin αvβ3 could provide a non-invasive method for evaluating the expression and the function of the integrin αvβ3 on activated HSCs (aHSCs) in the injured liver. In this study, we sought to compare differences in the uptake of [18F]-Alfatide between normal and injured liver to evaluate its utility for assessment of hepatic fibrogenesis. METHODS PET with [18F]-Alfatide, non-enhanced CT, histopathology, immunofluorescence staining, immunoblotting and gene analysis were performed to evaluate and quantify hepatic integrin αvβ3 levels and liver fibrosis progression in mouse models of fibrosis (carbon tetrachloride [CCl4] and bile duct ligation [BDL]). The liver AUC divided by the blood AUC over 30 min was used as an integrin αvβ3-PET index to quantify fibrosis progression. Ex vivo analysis of frozen liver tissue from patients with fibrosis and cirrhosis verified the animal findings. RESULTS Fibrotic mouse livers showed enhanced [18F]-Alfatide uptake and retention compared to control livers. The radiotracer was demonstrated to bind specifically with integrin αvβ3, which is mainly expressed on aHSCs. Autoradiography and histopathology confirmed the PET imaging results. Further, the mRNA and protein level of integrin αvβ3 and its signaling complex were higher in CCl4 and BDL models than controls. The results obtained from analyses on human fibrotic liver sections supported the animal findings. CONCLUSIONS Imaging hepatic integrin αvβ3 with PET and [18F]-Alfatide offers a potential non-invasive method for monitoring the progression of liver fibrosis. LAY SUMMARY Integrin αvβ3 expression on activated hepatic stellate cells (aHSCs) is associated with HSC proliferation during hepatic fibrogenesis. Herein, we show that a radioactive tracer, [18F]-Alfatide, binds to integrin αvβ3 with high affinity and specificity. [18F]-Alfatide could thus be used as a non-invasive imaging biomarker to track hepatic fibrosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Shao
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA; Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Zhen Chen
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Vasily Belov
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, USA
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Center for Ultrasound Research & Translation, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Steve H Rwema
- Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Viksit Kumar
- Center for Ultrasound Research & Translation, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Hualong Fu
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Xiaoyun Deng
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Jian Rong
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Qingzhen Yu
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Lixin Lang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Wenyu Lin
- Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Lee Josephson
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Anthony E Samir
- Center for Ultrasound Research & Translation, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA.
| | - Raymond T Chung
- Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.
| | - Steven H Liang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.
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14
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Fersing C, Bouhlel A, Cantelli C, Garrigue P, Lisowski V, Guillet B. A Comprehensive Review of Non-Covalent Radiofluorination Approaches Using Aluminum [ 18F]fluoride: Will [ 18F]AlF Replace 68Ga for Metal Chelate Labeling? Molecules 2019; 24:E2866. [PMID: 31394799 PMCID: PMC6719958 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to its ideal physical properties, fluorine-18 turns out to be a key radionuclide for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, for both preclinical and clinical applications. However, usual biomolecules radiofluorination procedures require the formation of covalent bonds with fluorinated prosthetic groups. This drawback makes radiofluorination impractical for routine radiolabeling, gallium-68 appearing to be much more convenient for the labeling of chelator-bearing PET probes. In response to this limitation, a recent expansion of the 18F chemical toolbox gave aluminum [18F]fluoride chemistry a real prominence since the late 2000s. This approach is based on the formation of an [18F][AlF]2+ cation, complexed with a 9-membered cyclic chelator such as NOTA, NODA or their analogs. Allowing a one-step radiofluorination in an aqueous medium, this technique combines fluorine-18 and non-covalent radiolabeling with the advantage of being very easy to implement. Since its first reports, [18F]AlF radiolabeling approach has been applied to a wide variety of potential PET imaging vectors, whether of peptidic, proteic, or small molecule structure. Most of these [18F]AlF-labeled tracers showed promising preclinical results and have reached the clinical evaluation stage for some of them. The aim of this report is to provide a comprehensive overview of [18F]AlF labeling applications through a description of the various [18F]AlF-labeled conjugates, from their radiosynthesis to their evaluation as PET imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Fersing
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), University of Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Montpellier Cancer Institute (ICM), 34298 Montpellier, France.
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Montpellier Cancer Institute (ICM), University of Montpellier, 208 Avenue des Apothicaires, 34298 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France.
| | - Ahlem Bouhlel
- CERIMED, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Centre de recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), Aix-Marseille University, INSERM 1263, INRA 1260, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Christophe Cantelli
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), University of Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Montpellier Cancer Institute (ICM), 34298 Montpellier, France
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 34093 Montpellier CEDEX, France
| | - Philippe Garrigue
- CERIMED, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Centre de recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), Aix-Marseille University, INSERM 1263, INRA 1260, 13385 Marseille, France
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Vincent Lisowski
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 34093 Montpellier CEDEX, France
| | - Benjamin Guillet
- CERIMED, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Centre de recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), Aix-Marseille University, INSERM 1263, INRA 1260, 13385 Marseille, France
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), 13385 Marseille, France
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15
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Hong H, Zhang L, Xie F, Zhuang R, Jiang D, Liu H, Li J, Yang H, Zhang X, Nie L, Li Z. Rapid one-step 18F-radiolabeling of biomolecules in aqueous media by organophosphine fluoride acceptors. Nat Commun 2019; 10:989. [PMID: 30824691 PMCID: PMC6397219 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08953-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, only a few 18F-radiolabeling methods were conducted in aqueous media, with non-macroelement fluoride acceptors and stringent conditions required. Herein, we describe a one-step non-solvent-biased, room-temperature-driven 18F-radiolabeling methodology based on organophosphine fluoride acceptors. The high water tolerance for this isotope-exchange-based 18F-labeling method is attributed to the kinetic and thermodynamic preference of F/F over the OH/F substitution based on computational calculations and experimental validation. Compact [18/19F]di-tert-butyl-organofluorophosphine and its derivatives used as 18F-labeling synthons exhibit excellent stability in vivo. The synthons are further conjugated to several biomolecular ligands such as c(RGDyk) and human serum albumin. The one-step labeled biomolecular tracers demonstrate intrinsic target imaging ability and negligible defluorination in vivo. The current method thus offers a facile and efficient 18F-radiolabeling pathway, enabling further widespread application of 18F. The synthesis of 18F-labeled positron emission tomography (PET) tracers is difficult and typically requires anhydrous conditions. Here, the authors developed organophosphine precursors that allow for quick, high-yield synthesis of 18F-labeled probes in either organic solvents or aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling, School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, 300384, Tianjin, China
| | - Fang Xie
- PET center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 200235, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongqiang Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Donglang Jiang
- PET center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 200235, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jindian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hongzhang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xianzhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Liming Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Zijing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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16
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Kumar K, Ghosh A. 18F-AlF Labeled Peptide and Protein Conjugates as Positron Emission Tomography Imaging Pharmaceuticals. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:953-975. [PMID: 29463084 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The clinical applications of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging pharmaceuticals have increased tremendously over the past several years since the approval of 18fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Numerous 18F-labeled target-specific potential imaging pharmaceuticals, based on small and large molecules, have been evaluated in preclinical and clinical settings. 18F-labeling of organic moieties involves the introduction of the radioisotope by C-18F bond formation via a nucleophilic or an electrophilic substitution reaction. However, biomolecules, such as peptides, proteins, and oligonucleotides, cannot be radiolabeled via a C-18F bond formation as these reactions involve harsh conditions, including organic solvents, high temperature, and nonphysiological conditions. Several approaches, including 18F-labeled prosthetic groups, silicon, boron, and aluminum fluoride acceptor chemistry, and click chemistry have been developed, in the past, for 18F labeling of biomolecules. Linear and macrocyclic polyaminocarboxylates and their analogs and derivatives form thermodynamically stable and kinetically inert aluminum chelates. Hence, macrocyclic polyaminocarboxylates have been used for conjugation with biomolecules, such as folate, peptides, affibodies, and protein fragments, followed by 18F-AlF chelation, and evaluation of their targeting abilities in preclinical and clinical environments. The goal of this report is to provide an overview of the 18F radiochemistry and 18F-labeling methodologies for small molecules and target-specific biomolecules, a comprehensive review of coordination chemistry of Al3+, 18F-AlF labeling of peptide and protein conjugates, and evaluation of 18F-labeled biomolecule conjugates as potential imaging pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishan Kumar
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Imaging Pharmaceuticals, The Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43212 , United States
| | - Arijit Ghosh
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Imaging Pharmaceuticals, The Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43212 , United States
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17
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Burvenich IJG, Parakh S, Parslow AC, Lee ST, Gan HK, Scott AM. Receptor Occupancy Imaging Studies in Oncology Drug Development. AAPS JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1208/s12248-018-0203-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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18
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Wang Z, Han YJ, Huang S, Wang M, Zhou WL, Li HS, Wang QS, Wu HB. Imaging the expression of glypican-3 in hepatocellular carcinoma by PET. Amino Acids 2017; 50:309-320. [PMID: 29204748 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-017-2517-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The glypican-3 (GPC3) receptor is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target. GPC3-targeted molecular imaging will be helpful to differentiate diagnosis and guide therapy. In the present study, we will develop a novel PET probe for imaging the expression of GPC-3. L5 (sequence: RLNVGGTYFLTTRQ), a GPC3 targeting peptide, was labeled with 5-carboxyfluorescein (FAM) and 18F-fluoride. Cell binding tests were performed to identify the binding specificity of FAM-L5 and 18F radiolabeled peptide. MicroPET/CT imaging was used to determine the potential of a novel PET tracer for visualizing HCC tumors with a high expression of GPC3. In vitro binding tests showed that the uptake of FAM-L5 in HepG2 cells (high expression of GPC3) was significantly higher than that of HL-7702 cells (negative expression of GPC3) (mean fluorescent intensity: 14,094 ± 797 vs. 2765 ± 314 events, t = 32.363, P = 0.000). Confocal fluorescent imaging identified that FAM-L5 accumulated where the GPC3 receptor was located. A novel PET tracer (18F-AlF-NODA-MP-6-Aoc-L5) was successfully labeled by chelation chemistry. In vitro cell uptake studies showed that 18F-AlF-NODA-MP-6-Aoc-L5 can bind to HepG2 tumor cells and was stable in PBS and mouse serum stability tests. MicroPET/CT showed that HepG2 tumors could be clearly visualized with a tumor/muscle ratio of 2.46 ± 0.53. However, the tumor/liver ratio was low (0.93 ± 0.16) due to the high physiological uptake in the liver. This study demonstrates that FAM and the 18F-labeled L5 peptide can selectively target HCC with a high expression of GPC3 in vitro and in vivo. 18F-AlF-NODA-MP-C6-L5 has the potential to be a GPC3 target tracer but requires some chemical modifications to achieve a high enough tumor/liver ratio for detection of the tumor in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Nanfang PET Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- PET Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan-Jiang Han
- Nanfang PET Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Shun Huang
- Nanfang PET Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Nanfang PET Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen-Lan Zhou
- Nanfang PET Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong-Sheng Li
- Nanfang PET Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Quan-Shi Wang
- Nanfang PET Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hu-Bing Wu
- Nanfang PET Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
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Shu S, Zhang L, Zhu YC, Li F, Cui LY, Wang H, Sun Y, Wu PL, Zhu ZH, Peng B. Imaging angiogenesis using 68Ga-NOTA-PRGD2 positron emission tomography/computed tomography in patients with severe intracranial atherosclerotic disease. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2017; 37:3401-3408. [PMID: 28273724 PMCID: PMC5624394 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x17696322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a critical compensation route, which has been demonstrated in the brain following ischemic stroke; however, few studies have investigated angiogenesis in chronic intracranial atherosclerosis disease (ICAD). We used 68Ga-NOTA-PRGD2 positron emission tomography/computed tomography based imaging to detect angiogenesis in chronic ICAD and to explore the factors that may have affected it. A total of 21 participants with unilateral severe chronic ICAD were included in the study. Of the 21 participants, 19 were men; the mean (SD) age was 52 (15) years. In 18 participants, we observed elevated 68Ga-NOTA-PRGD2 uptake in the peri-infarct, subcortical, and periventricular regions of the lesioned side, with a higher 68Ga-NOTA-PRGD2 SUVmax compared to that in the contralateral hemisphere (0.15 vs. 0.06, p=0.001). The 18F-FDG PET SUVmax was significantly lower on the lesioned side (11.28 vs. 13.92, p=0.001). Subgroup analyses revealed that the recent group (<6 months) had a higher lesion-to-contralateral region ratio SUVmax than the remote group (>6 months) (6.73 vs. 2.36, p<0.05). Our results provide molecular imaging evidence of angiogenesis in patients with severe chronic ICAD. Furthermore, the extent of angiogenesis in chronic ICAD may be affected by the post-qualified event time interval, and not by infarction itself or the severity of the arterial lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Shu
- 1 Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- 1 Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Cheng Zhu
- 1 Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Li
- 2 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li Ying Cui
- 1 Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- 2 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Sun
- 2 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Lin Wu
- 2 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,3 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Dong Zhi Men Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Hui Zhu
- 2 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Peng
- 1 Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Abstract
Angiogenesis imaging is important for diagnostic and therapeutic treatment of various malignant and nonmalignant diseases. The Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence has been known to bind with the αvβ3 integrin that is expressed on the surface of angiogenic blood vessels or tumor cells. Thus, various radiolabeled derivatives of RGD peptides have been developed for angiogenesis imaging. Among the various radionuclides, (68)Ga was the most widely studied for RGD peptide imaging because of its excellent nuclear physical properties, easy-to-label chemical properties, and cost-effectiveness owing to the availability of a (68)Ge-(68)Ga generator. Thus, various (68)Ga-labeled RGD derivatives have been developed and applied for preclinical and clinical studies. Clinical trials were performed for both malignant and nonmalignant diseases. Breast cancer, glioma, and lung cancer were malignant, and myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, and moyamoya disease were nonmalignant among the investigated diseases. Further, these (68)Ga-labeled RGD derivatives could be applied to assess the effects of antiangiogenic treatment or theragnosis or both, of cancers. In conclusion, the angiogenesis imaging technology using (68)Ga-labeled RGD derivatives might be useful for the development of new therapeutic assessments, and for diagnostic and theragnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Seon Eo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Min Jeong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Compounds for radionuclide imaging and therapy of malignant foci characterized by the increased angiogenesis. Russ Chem Bull 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-016-1309-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Quantitative Evaluation of Tumor Early Response to a Vascular-Disrupting Agent with Dynamic PET. Mol Imaging Biol 2016; 17:865-73. [PMID: 25896816 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-015-0854-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to evaluate the early response of tumors to a vascular-disrupting agent (VDA) VEGF121/recombinant toxin gelonin (rGel) using dynamic [(18)F]FPPRGD2 positron emission tomography (PET) and kinetic parameter estimation. PROCEDURES Two tumor xenograft models: U87MG (highly vascularized) and A549 (moderately vascularized), were selected, and both were randomized into treatment and control groups. Sixty-minute dynamic PET scans with [(18)F]FPPRGD2 that targets to integrin αvβ3 were performed at days 0 (baseline), 1, and 3 since VEGF121/rGel treatment started. Dynamic PET-derived binding potential (BPND) and parametric maps were compared with tumor uptake (%ID/g) and the static PET image at 1 h after the tracer administration. RESULTS The growth of U87MG tumor was obviously delayed upon VEGF121/rGel treatment. A549 tumor was not responsive to the same treatment. BPND of treated U87MG tumors decreased significantly at day 1 (p < 0.05), and the difference was more significant at day 3 (p < 0.01), compared with the control group. However, the tracer uptake (%ID/g) derived from static images at 1-h time point did not show significant difference between the treated and control tumors until day 3. Little difference in tracer uptake (%ID/g) or BPND was found between treated and control A549 tumors. Considering the tracer retention in tumor and the slower clearance due to damaged tumor vasculature after treatment, BPND representing the actual specific binding portion appears to be more sensitive and accurate than the semiquantitative parameters (such as %ID/g) derived from static images to assess the early response of tumor to VDA treatment. CONCLUSIONS Quantitative analysis based on dynamic PET with [(18)F]FPPRGD2 shows advantages in distinguishing effective from ineffective treatment during the course of VEGF121/rGel therapy at early stage and is therefore more sensitive in assessing therapy response than static PET.
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Dai Y, Chen X, Yin J, Kang X, Wang G, Zhang X, Nie Y, Wu K, Liang J. Investigation of injection dose and camera integration time on quantifying pharmacokinetics of a Cy5.5-GX1 probe with dynamic fluorescence imaging in vivo. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:86001. [PMID: 27488591 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.8.086001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this article is to investigate the influence of a tracer injection dose (ID) and camera integration time (IT) on quantifying pharmacokinetics of Cy5.5-GX1 in gastric cancer BGC-823 cell xenografted mice. Based on three factors, including whether or not to inject free GX1, the ID of Cy5.5-GX1, and the camera IT, 32 mice were randomly divided into eight groups and received 60-min dynamic fluorescence imaging. Gurfinkel exponential model (GEXPM) and Lammertsma simplified reference tissue model (SRTM) combined with a singular value decomposition analysis were used to quantitatively analyze the acquired dynamic fluorescent images. The binding potential (Bp) and the sum of the pharmacokinetic rate constants (SKRC) of Cy5.5-GX1 were determined by the SRTM and EXPM, respectively. In the tumor region, the SKRC value exhibited an obvious trend with change in the tracer ID, but the Bp value was not sensitive to it. Both the Bp and SKRC values were independent of the camera IT. In addition, the ratio of the tumor-to-muscle region was correlated with the camera IT but was independent of the tracer ID. Dynamic fluorescence imaging in conjunction with a kinetic analysis may provide more quantitative information than static fluorescence imaging, especially for a priori information on the optimal ID of targeted probes for individual therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Dai
- Xidian University, Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of Ministry of Education and School of Life Science and Technology, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Xueli Chen
- Xidian University, Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of Ministry of Education and School of Life Science and Technology, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Jipeng Yin
- Fourth Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, 127 Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xiaoyu Kang
- Fourth Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, 127 Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Guodong Wang
- Fourth Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, 127 Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xianghan Zhang
- Xidian University, Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of Ministry of Education and School of Life Science and Technology, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Yongzhan Nie
- Fourth Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, 127 Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Kaichun Wu
- Fourth Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, 127 Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jimin Liang
- Xidian University, Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of Ministry of Education and School of Life Science and Technology, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an 710071, China
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Dai Y, Yin J, Huang Y, Chen X, Wang G, Liu Y, Zhang X, Nie Y, Wu K, Liang J. In vivo quantifying molecular specificity of Cy5.5-labeled cyclic 9-mer peptide probe with dynamic fluorescence imaging. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 7:1149-59. [PMID: 27446643 PMCID: PMC4929628 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.001149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
We quantified molecular specificity of Cy5.5-GX1 in vivo with dynamic fluorescence imaging to better understand its kinetic properties. According to whether or not free GX1 was injected and when it was injected, twelve of BGC-823 xenografted mice were randomly divided into three groups and underwent a 60 minute dynamic fluorescence scanning. Combined with a principal-component analysis, the binding potential (Bp) of the probe was determined by both Logan graphical analysis with reference tissue model (GARTM) and Lammertsma simplified reference tissue model (SRTM). The sum of the pharmacokinetic rate constants (SKRC) was quantified by the Gurfinkel exponential model (GEXPM). Cy5.5-GX1 specifically targeted tumor both in vitro and in vivo. We obtained similar quantification results of Bp (GARTM Bp = 0.582 ± 0.2655, SRTM Bp = 0.618 ± 0.2923), and obtained a good linear relation between the Bp value and the SKRC value. Our results indicate that the SKRC value is more suitable for an early-stage kinetic data analysis, and the Bp value depicts kinetic characteristics under the equilibrium state. Dynamic fluorescence imaging in conjunction with various kinetic models are optimal tools to quantify molecular specificity of the Cy5.5-GX1 probe in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Dai
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of Ministry of Education & School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710071, China
| | - Jipeng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yu Huang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xueli Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of Ministry of Education & School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710071, China;
| | - Guodong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yajun Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of Ministry of Education & School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710071, China
| | - Xianghan Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of Ministry of Education & School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710071, China
| | - Yongzhan Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Kaichun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jimin Liang
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of Ministry of Education & School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710071, China;
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Pandya DN, Hantgan R, Budzevich MM, Kock ND, Morse DL, Batista I, Mintz A, Li KC, Wadas TJ. Preliminary Therapy Evaluation of (225)Ac-DOTA-c(RGDyK) Demonstrates that Cerenkov Radiation Derived from (225)Ac Daughter Decay Can Be Detected by Optical Imaging for In Vivo Tumor Visualization. Theranostics 2016; 6:698-709. [PMID: 27022417 PMCID: PMC4805664 DOI: 10.7150/thno.14338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The theranostic potential of 225Ac-based radiopharmaceuticals continues to increase as researchers seek innovative ways to harness the nuclear decay of this radioisotope for therapeutic and imaging applications. This communication describes the evaluation of 225Ac-DOTA-c(RGDyK) in both biodistribution and Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) studies. Initially, La-DOTA-c(RGDyK) was prepared as a non-radioactive surrogate to evaluate methodologies that would contribute to an optimized radiochemical synthetic strategy and estimate the radioactive conjugate's affinity for αvβ3, using surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy. Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy studies revealed the IC50 and Ki of La-DOTA-c(RGDyK) to be 33 ± 13 nM and 26 ± 11 nM, respectively, and suggest that the complexation of the La3+ ion to the conjugate did not significantly alter integrin binding. Furthermore, use of this surrogate allowed optimization of radiochemical synthesis strategies to prepare 225Ac-DOTA-c(RGDyK) with high radiochemical purity and specific activity similar to other 225Ac-based radiopharmaceuticals. This radiopharmaceutical was highly stable in vitro. In vivo biodistribution studies confirmed the radiotracer's ability to target αvβ3 integrin with specificity; specificity was detected in tumor-bearing animals using Cerenkov luminescence imaging. Furthermore, tumor growth control was achieved using non-toxic doses of the radiopharmaceutical in U87mg tumor-bearing nude mice. To our knowledge, this is the first report to describe the CLI of αvβ3+ tumors in live animals using the daughter products derived from 225Ac decay in situ. This concept holds promise to further enhance development of targeted alpha particle therapy.
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Withofs N, Hustinx R. Integrin αvβ3 and RGD-based radiopharmaceuticals. MEDECINE NUCLEAIRE-IMAGERIE FONCTIONNELLE ET METABOLIQUE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mednuc.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Chen H, Niu G, Wu H, Chen X. Clinical Application of Radiolabeled RGD Peptides for PET Imaging of Integrin αvβ3. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:78-92. [PMID: 26722375 PMCID: PMC4679356 DOI: 10.7150/thno.13242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular imaging for non-invasive assessment of angiogenesisis is of great interest for clinicians because of the wide-spread application of anti-angiogenic cancer therapeutics. Besides, many other interventions that involve the change of blood vessel/tumor microenvironment would also benefit from such imaging strategies. Of the imaging techniques that target angiogenesis, radiolabeled Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptides have been a major focus because of their high affinity and selectivity for integrin αvβ3--one of the most extensively examined target of angiogenesis. Since the level of integrin αvβ3 expression has been established as a surrogate marker of angiogenic activity, imaging αvβ3 expression can potentially be used as an early indicator of effectiveness of antiangiogenic therapy at the molecular level. In this review, we summarize RGD-based PET tracers that have already been used in clinical trials and intercompared them in terms of radiosynthesis, dosimetry, pharmacokinetics and clinical applications. A perspective of their future use in the clinic is also provided.
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Abstract
The most commonly utilized PET radionuclide is fluorine-18 ((18)F) because of its convenient half-life and excellent imaging properties. In this review, we present the first analysis of patents issued for radiotracers labeled with fluorine-18 (between 2009 and 2015), and provide perspective on current trends and future directions in PET radiotracer development.
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Wu HB, Wang Z, Wang QS, Han YJ, Wang M, Zhou WL, Li HS. Use of Labelled tLyP-1 as a Novel Ligand Targeting the NRP Receptor to Image Glioma. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137676. [PMID: 26398657 PMCID: PMC4580457 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuropilin (NRP) receptors are overexpressed in glioma tumor tissue, and therefore may be a potential target for imaging markers. We investigated whether labelled tLyP-1, an NRP targeting peptide, could be used as the targeting ligand for developing reagents for imaging glioma tumors. Methods The tLyP-1 peptide (CGNKRTR) was labeled with 5-carboxyfluorescein (FAM) or 18F-fluoride. A control peptide (MAQKTSH) was also labeled with FAM. The in vitro binding between FAM-tLyP-1 and U87MG cells and in vivo biodistribution of FAM-tLyP-1 in a U87MG glioblastoma xenograft model (nude mouse) were determined. The in vivo biodistribution of 18F-tLyP-1 was also determined by microPET/CT. Results In vitro, FAM-tLyP-1 was strongly taken up by U87MG cells at very low concentrations (1μM). In vivo, FAM-tLyP-1 accumulated in glioma (U87MG) tumors, but uptake was minimal in the normal brain tissue 1 h after administration. The distribution of FAM-tLyP-1 in the tumor tissue was consistent with expression of NRP1. The tumor/brain fluorescence intensity ratio in mice treated with FAM-tLyP-1 was significantly higher than the control FAM-labeled peptide 1 h after administration (3.44 ± 0.83 vs. 1.32 ± 0.15; t = 5.547, P = 0.001). Uptake of FAM-tLyP-1 in glioma tumors could be blocked by administering an excess of non-conjugated tLyP-1 peptide. [Lys4] tLyP-1 was labeled with 18F to synthesis a PET (18F-tLyP-1). MicroPET/CT imaging showed the tumor was visualized clearly with a high tumor/brain radiolabel ratio at 60 min (2.69 ± 0.52) and 120 min (3.11±0.25). Conclusion Taken together, our results suggest that tLyP-1 could be developed as a novel fluorescent or radio labelled tracer for imaging glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu-bing Wu
- NanFang PET Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Zhen Wang
- NanFang PET Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quan-shi Wang
- NanFang PET Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-jian Han
- NanFang PET Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Wang
- NanFang PET Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-lan Zhou
- NanFang PET Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-sheng Li
- NanFang PET Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Tichauer KM, Wang Y, Pogue BW, Liu JTC. Quantitative in vivo cell-surface receptor imaging in oncology: kinetic modeling and paired-agent principles from nuclear medicine and optical imaging. Phys Med Biol 2015; 60:R239-69. [PMID: 26134619 PMCID: PMC4522156 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/60/14/r239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of methods to accurately quantify cell-surface receptors in living tissues would have a seminal impact in oncology. For example, accurate measures of receptor density in vivo could enhance early detection or surgical resection of tumors via protein-based contrast, allowing removal of cancer with high phenotype specificity. Alternatively, accurate receptor expression estimation could be used as a biomarker to guide patient-specific clinical oncology targeting of the same molecular pathway. Unfortunately, conventional molecular contrast-based imaging approaches are not well adapted to accurately estimating the nanomolar-level cell-surface receptor concentrations in tumors, as most images are dominated by nonspecific sources of contrast such as high vascular permeability and lymphatic inhibition. This article reviews approaches for overcoming these limitations based upon tracer kinetic modeling and the use of emerging protocols to estimate binding potential and the related receptor concentration. Methods such as using single time point imaging or a reference-tissue approach tend to have low accuracy in tumors, whereas paired-agent methods or advanced kinetic analyses are more promising to eliminate the dominance of interstitial space in the signals. Nuclear medicine and optical molecular imaging are the primary modalities used, as they have the nanomolar level sensitivity needed to quantify cell-surface receptor concentrations present in tissue, although each likely has a different clinical niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth M Tichauer
- Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago IL 60616, USA
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Mi B, Yu C, Pan D, Yang M, Wan W, Niu G, Chen X. Pilot Prospective Evaluation of (18)F-Alfatide II for Detection of Skeletal Metastases. Theranostics 2015; 5:1115-21. [PMID: 26199649 PMCID: PMC4508500 DOI: 10.7150/thno.12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This pilot prospective evaluation study is to verify the efficiency of (18)F-Alfatide II, a specific PET imaging agent for integrin αvβ3, in detecting bone metastasis in human, with comparison to (18)F-FDG PET. Thirty recruited patients underwent (18)F-FDG and (18)F-alfatide II PET/CT successively within days. The final diagnosis of bone lesions was established based on the comprehensive assessment of all available data and clinical follow-up, which fall into four groups: osteolytic, osteoblastic, mixed and bone marrow. Visual analysis and quantification of SUVmax were performed to compare the detection sensitivity of (18)F-Alfatide II and (18)F-FDG PET. Eleven patients were found to have a total of 126 bone metastasis lesions. (18)F-Alfatide II PET can detect the bone metastatic lesions with good contrast and higher sensitivity (positive rate of 92%) than (18)F-FDG PET (77%). Especially, (18)F-Alfatide II PET showed superiority to (18)F-FDG PET in detecting osteoblastic (70% vs. 53%) and bone marrow metastatic lesions (98% vs. 77%). In conclusion, (18)F-Alfatide II PET/CT can be used to detect skeletal and bone marrow metastases, with nearly 100% sensitivity in osteolytic, mixed and bone marrow lesions. The sensitivity of (18)F-Alfatide II PET/CT in osteoblastic metastases is relatively low but still significantly higher than that of (18)F-FDG PET/CT. This pilot clinical study warrants the further application of (18)F-Alfatide II PET/CT in metastatic lesion detection, patient management and drug therapy response monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoming Mi
- 1. Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University (Wuxi 4th People's Hospital), Wuxi, China
| | - Chunjing Yu
- 1. Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University (Wuxi 4th People's Hospital), Wuxi, China
| | - Donghui Pan
- 2. Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Min Yang
- 2. Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Weixing Wan
- 1. Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University (Wuxi 4th People's Hospital), Wuxi, China
| | - Gang Niu
- 3. Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- 3. Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Guo J, Lang L, Hu S, Guo N, Zhu L, Sun Z, Ma Y, Kiesewetter DO, Niu G, Xie Q, Chen X. Comparison of three dimeric 18F-AlF-NOTA-RGD tracers. Mol Imaging Biol 2014; 16:274-83. [PMID: 23982795 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-013-0668-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE RGD peptide-based radiotracers are well established as integrin αvβ3 imaging probes to evaluate tumor angiogenesis or tissue remodeling after ischemia or infarction. In order to optimize the labeling process and pharmacokinetics of the imaging probes, we synthesized three dimeric RGD peptides with or without PEGylation and performed in vivo screening. PROCEDURES Radiolabeling was achieved through the reaction of F-18 aluminum-fluoride complex with the cyclic chelator, 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (NOTA). Three imaging probes were synthesized as (18)F-AlF-NOTA-E[c(RGDfK)]2, (18)F-AlF-NOTA-PEG4-E[c(RGDfK)]2, and (18)F-AlF-NOTA-E[PEG4-c(RGDfk)]2. The receptor binding affinity was determined by competitive cell binding assay, and the stability was evaluated by mouse serum incubation. Tumor uptake and whole body distribution of the three tracers were compared through direct tissue sampling and PET quantification of U87MG tumor-bearing mice. RESULTS All three compounds remained intact after 120 min incubation with mouse serum. They all had a rapid and relatively high tracer uptake in U87MG tumors with good target-to-background ratios. Compared with the other two tracers, (18)F-AlF-NOTA-E[PEG4-c(RGDfk)]2 had the highest tumor uptake and the lowest accumulation in the liver. The integrin receptor specificity was confirmed by co-injection of unlabeled dimeric RGD peptide. CONCLUSION The rapid one-step radiolabeling strategy by the complexation of (18)F-aluminum fluoride with NOTA-peptide conjugates was successfully applied to synthesize three dimeric RGD peptides. Among the three probes developed, (18)F-AlF-NOTA-E[PEG4-c(RGDfk)]2 with relatively low liver uptake and high tumor accumulation appears to be a promising candidate for further translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxia Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics(WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
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Yang G, Sun H, Kong Y, Hou G, Han J. Diversity of RGD radiotracers in monitoring antiangiogenesis of flavopiridol and paclitaxel in ovarian cancer xenograft-bearing mice. Nucl Med Biol 2014; 41:856-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Targeting post-infarct inflammation by PET imaging: comparison of (68)Ga-citrate and (68)Ga-DOTATATE with (18)F-FDG in a mouse model. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2014; 42:317-27. [PMID: 25112398 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-014-2884-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Imaging of inflammation early after myocardial infarction (MI) is a promising approach to the guidance of novel molecular interventions that support endogenous healing processes. (18)F-FDG PET has been used, but may be complicated by physiological myocyte uptake. We evaluated the potential of two alternative imaging targets: lactoferrin binding by (68)Ga-citrate and somatostatin receptor binding by (68)Ga-DOTATATE. METHODS C57Bl/6 mice underwent permanent coronary artery ligation. Serial PET imaging was performed 3 - 7 days after MI using (68)Ga-citrate, (68)Ga-DOTATATE, or (18)F-FDG with ketamine/xylazine suppression of myocyte glucose uptake. Myocardial perfusion was evaluated by (13)N-ammonia PET and cardiac geometry by contrast-enhanced ECG-gated CT. RESULTS Mice exhibited a perfusion defect of 30 - 40% (of the total left ventricle) with apical anterolateral wall akinesia and thinning on day 7 after MI. (18)F-FDG with ketamine/xylazine suppression demonstrated distinct uptake in the infarct region, as well as in the border zone and remote myocardium. The myocardial standardized uptake value in MI mice was significantly higher than in healthy mice under ketamine/xylazine anaesthesia (1.9 ± 0.4 vs. 1.0 ± 0.1). (68)Ga images exhibited high blood pool activity with no specific myocardial uptake up to 90 min after injection (tissue-to-blood contrast 0.9). (68)Ga-DOTATATE was rapidly cleared from the blood, but myocardial SUV was very low (0.10 ± 0.03). CONCLUSION Neither (68)Ga nor (68)Ga-DOTATATE is a useful alternative to (18)F-FDG for PET imaging of myocardial inflammation after MI in mice. Among the three tested approaches, (18)F-FDG with ketamine/xylazine suppression of cardiomyocyte uptake remains the most practical imaging marker of post-infarct inflammation.
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PET radiopharmaceuticals for imaging integrin expression: tracers in clinical studies and recent developments. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:871609. [PMID: 25013808 PMCID: PMC4072020 DOI: 10.1155/2014/871609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Noninvasive determination of integrin expression has become an interesting approach in nuclear medicine. Since the discovery of the first 18F-labeled cyclic RGD peptide as radiotracer for imaging integrin αvβ3 expression in vivo, there have been carried out enormous efforts to develop RGD peptides for PET imaging. Moreover, in recent years, additional integrins, including α5β1 and αvβ6 came into the focus of pharmaceutical radiochemistry. This review will discuss the tracers already evaluated in clinical trials and summarize the preliminary outcome. It will also give an overview on recent developments to further optimize the first-generation compounds such as [18F]Galacto-RGD. This includes recently developed 18F-labeling strategies and also new approaches in 68Ga-complex chemistry. Furthermore, the approaches to develop radiopharmaceuticals targeting integrin α5β1 and αvβ6 will be summarized and discussed.
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Simeček J, Notni J, Kapp TG, Kessler H, Wester HJ. Benefits of NOPO as chelator in gallium-68 peptides, exemplified by preclinical characterization of (68)Ga-NOPO-c(RGDfK). Mol Pharm 2014; 11:1687-95. [PMID: 24669840 DOI: 10.1021/mp5000746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The αvβ3-integrin addressing cyclic pentapeptide cyclo(RGDfK) was conjugated to NOPO, 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4-bis[methylene(hydroxymethyl)phosphinic acid]-7-[methylene(2-carboxyethyl)phosphinic acid], a bifunctional chelator with exceptional gallium-68 labeling properties. NOPO-c(RGDfK) and its Ga(III) and Cu(II) complexes showed high affinity to αvβ3 integrin (IC50 = 0.94 ± 0.06, 1.02 ± 0.09, and 0.51 ± 0.06 nM, respectively). (68)Ga labeling of NOPO-c(RGDfK) in an automated GMP-compliant procedure was performed with near-quantitative radiochemical yield, using precursor amounts as low as 0.5 nmol (approximately 0.6 μg). (68)Ga-NOPO-c(RGDfK) was obtained with high purity (>99% by radio-HPLC/TLC) and, optionally, could be produced with specific activities up to 6 TBq/μmol. M21/M21L (human melanoma with high/low αvβ3 integrin expression) xenografted athymic CD-1 nude mice were used for biodistribution, in vivo stability studies, and PET imaging. (68)Ga-NOPO-c(RGDfK) showed rapid and specific uptake in M21 tumor xenografts (2.02 ± 0.34% ID/g at 60 min p.i.) and was found stable in vivo. Its high hydrophilicity is reflected by an octanol-water distribution coefficient (log D = -4.6) which is more than 1 order of magnitude lower compared to respective NOTA or DOTA analogues. As expected, (68)Ga-NOPO-c(RGDfK) thus showed fast renal clearance from nontargeted tissues. We conclude that NOPO might generally prove a useful means to improve renal clearance of corresponding radiopharmaceuticals by increasing the polarity of its bioconjugates. Favorable labeling properties render NOPO conjugates highly recommendable for reliable routine production of (68)Ga-radiopharmaceuticals in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Simeček
- Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry and ‡Institute for Advanced Study and Center of Integrated Protein Science, Technische Universität München , München, Germany
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Zhu Z, Yin Y, Zheng K, Li F, Chen X, Zhang F, Zhang X. Evaluation of synovial angiogenesis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis using ⁶⁸Ga-PRGD2 PET/CT: a prospective proof-of-concept cohort study. Ann Rheum Dis 2014; 73:1269-72. [PMID: 24532680 PMCID: PMC4033145 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-204820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background The study aimed to evaluate the use of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with 68Ga-PRGD2 as the tracer for imaging of synovial angiogenesis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods Twenty untreated active patients with RA underwent 68Ga-PRGD2 PET/CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT before treatment; two patients with osteoarthritis served as controls. Among the 20 patients with RA, 12 repeated the evaluations after 3-month treatment. The image findings were correlated with core variables of disease activity, including the clinical disease activity index (cDAI). Results Our findings demonstrated that 68Ga-PRGD2 specifically accumulated in the synovia with active inflammation rich in neovasculature with high-level αvβ3-integrin expression, but not in the 18F-FDG-avid inflammatory lymph nodes. In patients with intense 18F-FDG uptake in muscles caused by arthritic pain, we observed that 68Ga-PRGD2 PET/CT was better able to evaluate disease severity than 18F-FDG PET/CT. Both 68Ga-PRGD2 accumulation and 18F-FDG uptake changed in response to therapeutic intervention, whereas the changes of 68Ga-PRGD2, not 18F-FDG, significantly correlated with clinical measures of changes in the form of cDAI. Conclusions This is the first integrin imaging study conducted in patients with RA that preliminarily indicates the effectiveness of the novel method for evaluating synovial angiogenesis. Clinical trial registration This study has been registered online at NIH ClinicalTrial.gov (NCT01940926).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, , Beijing, China
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Laverman P, McBride WJ, Sharkey RM, Goldenberg DM, Boerman OC. Al18F labeling of peptides and proteins. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2014; 57:219-23. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Laverman
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Radboud University Medical Center; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Otto C. Boerman
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Radboud University Medical Center; Nijmegen The Netherlands
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Guo J, Guo N, Lang L, Kiesewetter DO, Xie Q, Li Q, Eden HS, Niu G, Chen X. (18)F-alfatide II and (18)F-FDG dual-tracer dynamic PET for parametric, early prediction of tumor response to therapy. J Nucl Med 2014; 55:154-60. [PMID: 24232871 PMCID: PMC4209961 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.113.122069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED A single dynamic PET acquisition using multiple tracers administered closely in time could provide valuable complementary information about a tumor's status under quasiconstant conditions. This study aimed to investigate the utility of dual-tracer dynamic PET imaging with (18)F-alfatide II ((18)F-AlF-NOTA-E[PEG4-c(RGDfk)]2) and (18)F-FDG for parametric monitoring of tumor responses to therapy. METHODS We administered doxorubicin to one group of athymic nude mice with U87MG tumors and paclitaxel protein-bound particles to another group of mice with MDA-MB-435 tumors. To monitor therapeutic responses, we performed dual-tracer dynamic imaging, in sessions that lasted 90 min, starting with injection via the tail vein catheters with (18)F-alfatide II, followed 40 min later by (18)F-FDG. To achieve signal separation of the 2 tracers, we fit a 3-compartment reversible model to the time-activity curve of (18)F-alfatide II for the 40 min before (18)F-FDG injection and then extrapolated to 90 min. The (18)F-FDG tumor time-activity curve was isolated from the 90-min dual-tracer tumor time-activity curve by subtracting the fitted (18)F-alfatide II tumor time-activity curve. With separated tumor time-activity curves, the (18)F-alfatide II binding potential (Bp = k3/k4) and volume of distribution (VD) and (18)F-FDG influx rate ((K1 × k3)/(k2 + k3)) based on the Patlak method were calculated to validate the signal recovery in a comparison with 60-min single-tracer imaging and to monitor therapeutic response. RESULTS The transport and binding rate parameters K1-k3 of (18)F-alfatide II, calculated from the first 40 min of the dual-tracer dynamic scan, as well as Bp and VD correlated well with the parameters from the 60-min single-tracer scan (R(2) > 0.95). Compared with the results of single-tracer PET imaging, (18)F-FDG tumor uptake and influx were recovered well from dual-tracer imaging. On doxorubicin treatment, whereas no significant changes in static tracer uptake values of (18)F-alfatide II or (18)F-FDG were observed, both (18)F-alfatide II Bp and (18)F-FDG influx from kinetic analysis in tumors showed significant decreases. For therapy of MDA-MB-435 tumors with paclitaxel protein-bound particles, a significant decrease was observed only with (18)F-alfatide II Bp value from kinetic analysis but not (18)F-FDG influx. CONCLUSION The parameters fitted with compartmental modeling from the dual-tracer dynamic imaging are consistent with those from single-tracer imaging, substantiating the feasibility of this methodology. Even though no significant differences in tumor size were found until 5 d after doxorubicin treatment started, at day 3 there were already substantial differences in (18)F-alfatide II Bp and (18)F-FDG influx rate. Dual-tracer imaging can measure (18)F-alfatide II Bp value and (18)F-FDG influx simultaneously to evaluate tumor angiogenesis and metabolism. Such changes are known to precede anatomic changes, and thus parametric imaging may offer the promise of early prediction of therapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxia Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health (NIBIB), Bethesda, Maryland
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine (CMITM), School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ning Guo
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health (NIBIB), Bethesda, Maryland
- Center for Advanced Medical Imaging Science, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA
| | - Lixin Lang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health (NIBIB), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Dale O. Kiesewetter
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health (NIBIB), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Qingguo Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Quanzheng Li
- Center for Advanced Medical Imaging Science, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA
| | - Henry S. Eden
- Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health (NIBIB), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Gang Niu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health (NIBIB), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health (NIBIB), Bethesda, Maryland
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Quantitative positron emission tomography imaging of angiogenesis in rats with forelimb ischemia using 68Ga-NOTA-c(RGDyK). Angiogenesis 2013; 16:837-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s10456-013-9359-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Fischer CR, Müller A, Bochsler B, Rancic Z, Kaufmann P, Schibli R, Ametamey SM. Assessment of an elastin binding molecule for PET imaging of atherosclerotic plaques. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING 2013; 3:326-335. [PMID: 23901358 PMCID: PMC3715777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Elastin is considered as a key player in human vascular diseases and it might contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. The elastin binding radiotracer, [(18)F]AlF-NOTA-EBM ([(18)F]2), was evaluated in a wild type mouse to determine its in vivo distribution and on human carotid atherosclerotic plaque tissues to assess its utility as a PET imaging agent for visualizing human atherosclerotic plaque lesions. The free ligand NOTA-EBM, which served as the precursor, was obtained in 25% chemical yield. The radiosynthesis of [(18)F]2 was accomplished by coordination of Al(18)F to NOTA-EBM in 8-13% decay corrected radiochemical yield (n = 7) and specific radioactivity of 59 ± 12 GBq/μmol. A dynamic in vivo PET scan in a healthy wild type mouse (C57BL/6) showed high accumulation of radioactivity in heart and lungs, organs reported to have high elastin content. Excretion of [(18)F]2 proceeded via the renal pathway and through the hepatobiliary system as indicated by a high uptake of radioactivity in the liver, intestines and gall bladder. In vitro autoradiography on human atherosclerotic plaque sections showed a heterogeneous distribution of [(18)F]2 with an elevated accumulation in stable and vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques compared to control samples of normal arteries. However, there was no statistical significance between the different plaque phenotypes and control samples. Competition experiments with 10.000-fold excess of free ligand NOTA-EBM resulted in a marked decrease of radioactivity accumulation, consistent with a target-specific ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy R Fischer
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences of ETH, PSI and USZ, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences of ETH ZurichWolfgang-Pauli Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adrienne Müller
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences of ETH, PSI and USZ, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences of ETH ZurichWolfgang-Pauli Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bianca Bochsler
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences of ETH, PSI and USZ, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences of ETH ZurichWolfgang-Pauli Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zoran Rancic
- Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital ZurichRämistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Kaufmann
- Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital ZurichRämistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roger Schibli
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences of ETH, PSI and USZ, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences of ETH ZurichWolfgang-Pauli Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences of ETH, PSI and USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, Department Biology and ChemistryCH-5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Simon M Ametamey
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences of ETH, PSI and USZ, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences of ETH ZurichWolfgang-Pauli Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Abstract
Targeted agents are increasingly used for treating cancer and other diseases, but patients may need to be carefully selected to maximize the potential for therapeutic benefit. One way to select patients is to bind an imaging radionuclide to a targeting agent of interest, so that its uptake in specific sites of disease can be visualized by positron-emission tomography (PET) or single-photon emission computed tomography.18F is the most commonly used radionuclide for PET imaging. Its half-life of approximately 2 h is suited for same-day imaging of many compounds that clear quickly from the body to allow visualization of uptake in the intended target. A significant impediment to its use, however, is the challenging coupling of 18F to a carbon atom of the targeting agent. Because fluorine binds to aluminum, we developed a procedure where the Al18F complex could be captured by a chelate, thereby greatly simplifying the way that imaging agents can be fluorinated for PET imaging. This article reviews our experience with this technology.
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Wan W, Guo N, Pan D, Yu C, Weng Y, Luo S, Ding H, Xu Y, Wang L, Lang L, Xie Q, Yang M, Chen X. First experience of 18F-alfatide in lung cancer patients using a new lyophilized kit for rapid radiofluorination. J Nucl Med 2013; 54:691-8. [PMID: 23554506 PMCID: PMC3683452 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.112.113563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED (18)F-FPPRGD2, which was approved for clinical study recently, has favorable properties for integrin targeting and showed potential for antiangiogenic therapy and early response monitoring. However, the time-consuming multiple-step synthesis may limit its widespread applications in the clinic. In this study, we developed a simple lyophilized kit for labeling PRGD2 peptide ((18)F-AlF-NOTA-PRGD2, denoted as (18)F-alfatide) using a fluoride-aluminum complex that significantly simplified the labeling procedure. METHODS Nine patients with a primary diagnosis of lung cancer were examined by both static and dynamic PET imaging with (18)F-alfatide, and 1 tuberculosis patient was investigated using both (18)F-alfatide and (18)F-FDG imaging. Standardized uptake values were measured in tumors and other main organs at 30 min and 1 h after injection. Kinetic parameters were calculated by Logan graphical analysis. Immunohistochemistry and staining intensity quantification were performed to confirm the expression of integrin α(v)β(3). RESULTS Under the optimal conditions, the whole radiosynthesis including purification was accomplished within 20 min with a decay-corrected yield of 42.1% ± 2.0% and radiochemical purity of more than 95%. (18)F-alfatide PET imaging identified all tumors, with mean standardized uptake values of 2.90 ± 0.10. Tumor-to-muscle and tumor-to-blood ratios were 5.87 ± 2.02 and 2.71 ± 0.92, respectively. CONCLUSION (18)F-alfatide can be produced with excellent radiochemical yield and purity via a simple, 1-step, lyophilized kit. PET scanning with (18)F-alfatide allows specific imaging of αvβ3 expression with good contrast in lung cancer patients. This technique might be used for the assessment of angiogenesis and for planning and response evaluation of cancer therapies that would affect angiogenesis status and integrin expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixing Wan
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi No. 4 People’s Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Ning Guo
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Donghui Pan
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Chunjing Yu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi No. 4 People’s Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuan Weng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi No. 4 People’s Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Shineng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Hong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Lixin Lang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Qingguo Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Min Yang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Li Y, Guo J, Tang S, Lang L, Chen X, Perrin DM. One-step and one-pot-two-step radiosynthesis of cyclo-RGD-(18)F-aryltrifluoroborate conjugates for functional imaging. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING 2013; 3:44-56. [PMID: 23342300 PMCID: PMC3545361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 09/22/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Arylboronates capture aqueous (18)F-fluoride in one step to afford a highly polar (18)F-labeled aryltrifluoroborate anion ((18)F-ArBF(3) (-)) that clears rapidly in vivo. To date however, there is little data to show that a ligand labeled with a prosthetic (18)F-ArBF(3) (-) will provide functional images. RGD, a high-affinity ligand for integrins that are present on the cell surface of numerous tumors, has been labeled in many formats with many different radionuclides, and as such represents a well-established ligand that can be used to evaluate new labeling methods. Herein we have labeled RGD with a prosthetic (18)F-ArBF(3) (-) via two approaches for the first time: 1) a RGD-boronate bioconjugate is directly labeled in one step and 2) an alkyne-modified arylborimidine is first converted to the corresponding (18)F-ArBF(3) (-) which is then conjugated to an RGD-azide via Cu(+)-mediated [2+3] dipolar cycloaddition in one pot over two steps. RGD-(18)F-ArBF(3) (-) bionconjugates were produced in reasonable radiochemical yields using low amounts of (18)F-fluoride anion (10-50 mCi). Despite relatively low specific activities, good tumor images are revealed in each case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C., V6T-1Z1, Canada
| | - Jinxia Guo
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH)31 Center Drive, Suite 1C14, Bethesda, MD 20892-2281, USA
| | - Shiqing Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C., V6T-1Z1, Canada
| | - Lixin Lang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH)31 Center Drive, Suite 1C14, Bethesda, MD 20892-2281, USA
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH)31 Center Drive, Suite 1C14, Bethesda, MD 20892-2281, USA
| | - David M Perrin
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C., V6T-1Z1, Canada
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Dall'Angelo S, Zhang Q, Fleming IN, Piras M, Schweiger LF, O'Hagan D, Zanda M. Efficient bioconjugation of 5-fluoro-5-deoxy-ribose (FDR) to RGD peptides for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of αvβ3 integrin receptor. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:4551-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40550h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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