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Lu X, Song Y, Wang J, Cai Y, Peng S, Lin J, Lai B, Sun J, Liu T, Chen G, Xing L. Developmental dopaminergic signaling modulates neural circuit formation and contributes to autism spectrum disorder (ASD)-related phenotypes. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024:S0002-9440(24)00086-5. [PMID: 38492733 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2024.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder with a complex etiology. Recent evidence suggests that dopamine plays a crucial role in neural development. However, it remains unclear whether and how disrupted dopaminergic signaling during development contributes to ASD. In this study, human brain RNA-seq transcriptome analysis revealed a significant correlation between changes in dopaminergic signaling pathways and neural developmental signaling in ASD patients. In the zebrafish model, disrupted developmental dopaminergic signaling led to neural circuit abnormalities and behavior reminiscent of autism. Dopaminergic signaling may impact neuronal specification by potentially modulating integrins. These findings shed light on the mechanisms underlying the link between disrupted developmental dopamine signaling and ASD, and they point to the possibility of targeting dopaminergic signaling in early development for ASD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and the Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yixing Song
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and the Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Yunyun Cai
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Siwan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and the Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Jiaqi Lin
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Biqin Lai
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Junjie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and the Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Tianqing Liu
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead 2145, Australia
| | - Gang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and the Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China; Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China.
| | - Lingyan Xing
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and the Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
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Increased locomotor activity via regulation of GABAergic signalling in foxp2 mutant zebrafish-implications for neurodevelopmental disorders. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:529. [PMID: 34650032 PMCID: PMC8517032 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01651-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the genetics of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) have identified the transcription factor FOXP2 as one of numerous risk genes, e.g. in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). FOXP2 function is suggested to be involved in GABAergic signalling and numerous studies demonstrate that GABAergic function is altered in NDDs, thus disrupting the excitation/inhibition balance. Interestingly, GABAergic signalling components, including glutamate-decarboxylase 1 (Gad1) and GABA receptors, are putative transcriptional targets of FOXP2. However, the specific role of FOXP2 in the pathomechanism of NDDs remains elusive. Here we test the hypothesis that Foxp2 affects behavioural dimensions via GABAergic signalling using zebrafish as model organism. We demonstrate that foxp2 is expressed by a subset of GABAergic neurons located in brain regions involved in motor functions, including the subpallium, posterior tuberculum, thalamus and medulla oblongata. Using CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing we generated a novel foxp2 zebrafish loss-of-function mutant that exhibits increased locomotor activity. Further, genetic and/or pharmacological disruption of Gad1 or GABA-A receptors causes increased locomotor activity, resembling the phenotype of foxp2 mutants. Application of muscimol, a GABA-A receptor agonist, rescues the hyperactive phenotype induced by the foxp2 loss-of-function. By reverse translation of the therapeutic effect on hyperactive behaviour exerted by methylphenidate, we note that application of methylphenidate evokes different responses in wildtype compared to foxp2 or gad1b loss-of-function animals. Together, our findings support the hypothesis that foxp2 regulates locomotor activity via GABAergic signalling. This provides one targetable mechanism, which may contribute to behavioural phenotypes commonly observed in NDDs.
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Strachan LR, Stevenson TJ, Freshner B, Keefe MD, Miranda Bowles D, Bonkowsky JL. A zebrafish model of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy recapitulates key disease features and demonstrates a developmental requirement for abcd1 in oligodendrocyte patterning and myelination. Hum Mol Genet 2018; 26:3600-3614. [PMID: 28911205 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a devastating inherited neurodegenerative disease caused by defects in the ABCD1 gene and affecting peripheral and central nervous system myelin. ABCD1 encodes a peroxisomal transmembrane protein required for very long chain fatty acid (VLCFA) metabolism. We show that zebrafish (Danio rerio) Abcd1 is highly conserved at the amino acid level with human ABCD1, and during development is expressed in homologous regions including the central nervous system and adrenal glands. We used TALENs to generate five zebrafish abcd1 mutant allele lines introducing premature stop codons in exon 1, as well as obtained an abcd1 allele from the Zebrafish Mutation Project carrying a point mutation in a splice donor site. Similar to patients with ALD, zebrafish abcd1 mutants have elevated VLCFA levels. Interestingly, we found that CNS development of the abcd1 mutants is disrupted, with hypomyelination in the spinal cord, abnormal patterning and decreased numbers of oligodendrocytes, and increased cell death. By day of life five abcd1 mutants demonstrate impaired motor function, and overall survival to adulthood of heterozygous and homozygous mutants is decreased. Expression of human ABCD1 in oligodendrocytes rescued apoptosis in the abcd1 mutant. In summary, we have established a zebrafish model of ALD that recapitulates key features of human disease pathology and which reveals novel features of underlying disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren R Strachan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Tamara J Stevenson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Briana Freshner
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Matthew D Keefe
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - D Miranda Bowles
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Joshua L Bonkowsky
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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Housden BE, Perrimon N. Detection of Indel Mutations in Drosophila by High-Resolution Melt Analysis (HRMA). Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2016; 2016:2016/9/pdb.prot090795. [PMID: 27587781 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.prot090795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Although CRISPR technology allows specific genome alterations to be created with relative ease, detection of these events can be problematic. For example, CRISPR-induced double-strand breaks are often repaired imprecisely to generate unpredictable short indel mutations. Detection of these events requires the use of molecular screening techniques such as endonuclease assays, restriction profiling, or high-resolution melt analysis (HRMA). Here, we provide detailed protocols for HRMA-based mutation screening in Drosophila and analysis of the resulting data using the online tool HRMAnalyzer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin E Housden
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Norbert Perrimon
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
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Kozol RA, Abrams AJ, James DM, Buglo E, Yan Q, Dallman JE. Function Over Form: Modeling Groups of Inherited Neurological Conditions in Zebrafish. Front Mol Neurosci 2016; 9:55. [PMID: 27458342 PMCID: PMC4935692 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2016.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish are a unique cell to behavior model for studying the basic biology of human inherited neurological conditions. Conserved vertebrate genetics and optical transparency provide in vivo access to the developing nervous system as well as high-throughput approaches for drug screens. Here we review zebrafish modeling for two broad groups of inherited conditions that each share genetic and molecular pathways and overlap phenotypically: neurodevelopmental disorders such as Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), Intellectual Disability (ID) and Schizophrenia (SCZ), and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Cerebellar Ataxia (CATX), Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia (HSP) and Charcot-Marie Tooth Disease (CMT). We also conduct a small meta-analysis of zebrafish orthologs of high confidence neurodevelopmental disorder and neurodegenerative disease genes by looking at duplication rates and relative protein sizes. In the past zebrafish genetic models of these neurodevelopmental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases have provided insight into cellular, circuit and behavioral level mechanisms contributing to these conditions. Moving forward, advances in genetic manipulation, live imaging of neuronal activity and automated high-throughput molecular screening promise to help delineate the mechanistic relationships between different types of neurological conditions and accelerate discovery of therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A. Kozol
- Department of Biology, University of MiamiCoral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Alexander J. Abrams
- Department of Human Genetics, John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation, University of MiamiMiami, FL, USA
| | - David M. James
- Department of Biology, University of MiamiCoral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Elena Buglo
- Department of Human Genetics, John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation, University of MiamiMiami, FL, USA
| | - Qing Yan
- Department of Biology, University of MiamiCoral Gables, FL, USA
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A Serotonin Circuit Acts as an Environmental Sensor to Mediate Midline Axon Crossing through EphrinB2. J Neurosci 2016; 35:14794-808. [PMID: 26538650 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1295-15.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Modulation of connectivity formation in the developing brain in response to external stimuli is poorly understood. Here, we show that the raphe nucleus and its serotonergic projections regulate pathfinding of commissural axons in zebrafish. We found that the raphe neurons extend projections toward midline-crossing axons and that when serotonergic signaling is blocked by pharmacological inhibition or by raphe neuron ablation, commissural pathfinding is disrupted. We demonstrate that the serotonin receptor htr2a is expressed on these commissural axons and that genetic knock-down of htr2a disrupts crossing. We further show that knock-down of htr2a or ablation of the raphe neurons increases ephrinB2a protein levels in commissural axons. An ephrinB2a mutant can rescue midline crossing when serotonergic signaling is blocked. Furthermore, we found that regulation of serotonin expression in the raphe neurons is modulated in response to the developmental environment. Hypoxia causes the raphe to decrease serotonin levels, leading to a reduction in midline crossing. Increasing serotonin in the setting of hypoxia restored midline crossing. Our findings demonstrate an instructive role for serotonin in axon guidance acting through ephrinB2a and reveal a novel mechanism for developmental interpretation of the environmental milieu in the generation of mature neural circuitry. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT We show here that serotonin has a novel role in regulating connectivity in response to the developmental environment. We demonstrate that serotonergic projections from raphe neurons regulate pathfinding of crossing axons. The neurons modulate their serotonin levels, and thus alter crossing, in response to the developmental environment including hypoxia. The findings suggest that modification of the serotonergic system by early exposures may contribute to permanent CNS connectivity alterations. This has important ramifications because of the association between premature birth and accompanying hypoxia, and increased risk of autism and evidence associating in utero exposure to some antidepressants and neurodevelopmental disorders. Finally, this work demonstrates that the vertebrate CNS can modulate its connectivity in response to the external environment.
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A PCR based protocol for detecting indel mutations induced by TALENs and CRISPR/Cas9 in zebrafish. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98282. [PMID: 24901507 PMCID: PMC4046980 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome editing techniques such as the zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effecter nucleases (TALENs) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas) system Cas9 can induce efficient DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) at the target genomic sequence and result in indel mutations by the error-prone non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA repair system. Several methods including sequence specific endonuclease assay, T7E1 assay and high resolution melting curve assay (HRM) etc have been developed to detect the efficiency of the induced mutations. However, these assays have some limitations in that they either require specific sequences in the target sites or are unable to generate sequencing-ready mutant DNA fragments or unable to distinguish induced mutations from natural nucleotide polymorphism. Here, we developed a simple PCR-based protocol for detecting indel mutations induced by TALEN and Cas9 in zebrafish. We designed 2 pairs of primers for each target locus, with one putative amplicon extending beyond the putative indel site and the other overlapping it. With these primers, we performed a qPCR assay to efficiently detect the frequencies of newly induced mutations, which was accompanied with a T-vector-based colony analysis to generate single-copy mutant fragment clones for subsequent DNA sequencing. Thus, our work has provided a very simple, efficient and fast assay for detecting induced mutations, which we anticipate will be widely used in the area of genome editing.
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Xing L, Quist TS, Stevenson TJ, Dahlem TJ, Bonkowsky JL. Rapid and efficient zebrafish genotyping using PCR with high-resolution melt analysis. J Vis Exp 2014:e51138. [PMID: 24561516 PMCID: PMC4116811 DOI: 10.3791/51138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish is a powerful vertebrate model system for studying development, modeling disease, and performing drug screening. Recently a variety of genetic tools have been introduced, including multiple strategies for inducing mutations and generating transgenic lines. However, large-scale screening is limited by traditional genotyping methods, which are time-consuming and labor-intensive. Here we describe a technique to analyze zebrafish genotypes by PCR combined with high-resolution melting analysis (HRMA). This approach is rapid, sensitive, and inexpensive, with lower risk of contamination artifacts. Genotyping by PCR with HRMA can be used for embryos or adult fish, including in high-throughput screening protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Xing
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine; Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah School of Medicine; Interdepartmental Program in Neurosciences, University of Utah School of Medicine
| | - Tyler S Quist
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine
| | - Tamara J Stevenson
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine
| | - Timothy J Dahlem
- Mutation Generation and Detection Core, HSC Core Research Facility, University of Utah School of Medicine
| | - Joshua L Bonkowsky
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine; Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah School of Medicine; Interdepartmental Program in Neurosciences, University of Utah School of Medicine; Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine; ;
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Varshney GK, Burgess SM. Mutagenesis and phenotyping resources in zebrafish for studying development and human disease. Brief Funct Genomics 2013; 13:82-94. [PMID: 24162064 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elt042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is an important model organism for studying development and human disease. The zebrafish has an excellent reference genome and the functions of hundreds of genes have been tested using both forward and reverse genetic approaches. Recent years have seen an increasing number of large-scale mutagenesis projects and the number of mutants or gene knockouts in zebrafish has increased rapidly, including for the first time conditional knockout technologies. In addition, targeted mutagenesis techniques such as zinc finger nucleases, transcription activator-like effector nucleases and clustered regularly interspaced short sequences (CRISPR) or CRISPR-associated (Cas), have all been shown to effectively target zebrafish genes as well as the first reported germline homologous recombination, further expanding the utility and power of zebrafish genetics. Given this explosion of mutagenesis resources, it is now possible to perform systematic, high-throughput phenotype analysis of all zebrafish gene knockouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Kumar Varshney
- Developmental Genomics Section, Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Xiao A, Wang Z, Hu Y, Wu Y, Luo Z, Yang Z, Zu Y, Li W, Huang P, Tong X, Zhu Z, Lin S, Zhang B. Chromosomal deletions and inversions mediated by TALENs and CRISPR/Cas in zebrafish. Nucleic Acids Res 2013; 41:e141. [PMID: 23748566 PMCID: PMC3737551 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkt464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Customized TALENs and Cas9/gRNAs have been used for targeted mutagenesis in zebrafish to induce indels into protein-coding genes. However, indels are usually not sufficient to disrupt the function of non-coding genes, gene clusters or regulatory sequences, whereas large genomic deletions or inversions are more desirable for this purpose. By injecting two pairs of TALEN mRNAs or two gRNAs together with Cas9 mRNA targeting distal DNA sites of the same chromosome, we obtained predictable genomic deletions or inversions with sizes ranging from several hundred bases to nearly 1 Mb. We have successfully achieved this type of modifications for 11 chromosomal loci by TALENs and 2 by Cas9/gRNAs with different combinations of gRNA pairs, including clusters of miRNA and protein-coding genes. Seven of eight TALEN-targeted lines transmitted the deletions and one transmitted the inversion through germ line. Our findings indicate that both TALENs and Cas9/gRNAs can be used as an efficient tool to engineer genomes to achieve large deletions or inversions, including fragments covering multiple genes and non-coding sequences. To facilitate the analyses and application of existing ZFN, TALEN and CRISPR/Cas data, we have updated our EENdb database to provide a chromosomal view of all reported engineered endonucleases targeting human and zebrafish genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zhanxiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yingying Hu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yingdan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zhou Luo
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zhipeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yao Zu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Wenyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Peng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xiangjun Tong
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zuoyan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Shuo Lin
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Expression of arginine vasotocin receptors in the developing zebrafish CNS. Gene Expr Patterns 2013; 13:335-42. [PMID: 23830982 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2013.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Vasotocin/vasopressin is a neuropeptide that regulates social and reproductive behaviors in a variety of animals including fish. Arginine vasotocin (AVT) is expressed by cells in the ventral hypothalamic and preoptic areas in the diencephalon during embryogenesis in zebrafish suggesting that vasotocin might mediate other functions within the CNS prior to the development of social and reproductive behaviors. In order to examine potential early roles for vasotocin we cloned two zebrafish vasotocin receptors homologous to AVPR1a. The receptors are expressed primarily in the CNS in similar but generally non-overlapping patterns. Both receptors are expressed in the forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain by larval stage. Of note, AVTR1a-expressing neurons in the hindbrain appear to be contacted by the axons of preoptic neurons in the forebrain that include avt+ neurons and sensory axons in the lateral longitudinal fasciculus (LLF). Furthermore, AVTR1a-expressing hindbrain neurons extend axons into the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) that contains axons of many neurons thought to be involved in locomotor responses to sensory stimulation. One hypothesis consistent with this anatomy is that AVT signaling mediates or gates sensory input to motor circuits in the hindbrain and spinal cord.
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Graham SA, Fisher SE. Decoding the genetics of speech and language. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2013; 23:43-51. [PMID: 23228431 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2012.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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