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Shuli Z, Linlin L, Li G, Yinghu Z, Nan S, Haibin W, Hongyu X. Bioinformatics and Computer Simulation approaches to the discovery and analysis of Bioactive Peptides. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2022; 23:1541-1555. [PMID: 34994325 DOI: 10.2174/1389201023666220106161016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The traditional process of separating and purifying bioactive peptides is laborious and time-consuming. Using a traditional process to identify is difficult, and there is a lack of fast and accurate activity evaluation methods. How to extract bioactive peptides quickly and efficiently is still the focus of bioactive peptides research. In order to improve the present situation of the research, bioinformatics techniques and peptidome methods are widely used in this field. At the same time, bioactive peptides have their own specific pharmacokinetic characteristics, so computer simulation methods have incomparable advantages in studying the pharmacokinetics and pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic correlation models of bioactive peptides. The purpose of this review is to summarize the combined applications of bioinformatics and computer simulation methods in the study of bioactive peptides, with focuses on the role of bioinformatics in simulating the selection of enzymatic hydrolysis and precursor proteins, activity prediction, molecular docking, physicochemical properties, and molecular dynamics. Our review shows that new bioactive peptide molecular sequences with high activity can be obtained by computer-aided design. The significance of the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic correlation model in the study of bioactive peptides is emphasized. Finally, some problems and future development potential of bioactive peptides binding new technologies are prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Shuli
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030051, China
| | - Liu Linlin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030051, China
| | - Gao Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030051, China
| | - Zhao Yinghu
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030051, China
| | - Shi Nan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030051, China
| | - Wang Haibin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030051, China
| | - Xu Hongyu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030051, China
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2
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Echeazarra L, García Del Caño G, Barrondo S, González-Burguera I, Saumell-Esnaola M, Aretxabala X, López de Jesús M, Borrega-Román L, Mato S, Ledent C, Matute C, Goicolea MA, Sallés J. Fit-for-purpose based testing and validation of antibodies to amino- and carboxy-terminal domains of cannabinoid receptor 1. Histochem Cell Biol 2021; 156:479-502. [PMID: 34453219 PMCID: PMC8604870 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-021-02025-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Specific and selective anti-CB1 antibodies are among the most powerful research tools to unravel the complex biological processes mediated by the CB1 receptor in both physiological and pathological conditions. However, low performance of antibodies remains a major source of inconsistency between results from different laboratories. Using a variety of techniques, including some of the most commonly accepted ones for antibody specificity testing, we identified three of five commercial antibodies against different regions of CB1 receptor as the best choice for specific end-use purposes. Specifically, an antibody against a long fragment of the extracellular amino tail of CB1 receptor (but not one against a short sequence of the extreme amino-terminus) detected strong surface staining when applied to live cells, whereas two different antibodies against an identical fragment of the extreme carboxy-terminus of CB1 receptor (but not one against an upstream peptide) showed acceptable performance on all platforms, although they behaved differently in immunohistochemical assays depending on the tissue fixation procedure used and showed different specificity in Western blot assays, which made each of them particularly suitable for one of those techniques. Our results provide a framework to interpret past and future results derived from the use of different anti-CB1 antibodies in the context of current knowledge about the CB1 receptor at the molecular level, and highlight the need for an adequate validation for specific purposes, not only before antibodies are placed on the market, but also before the decision to discontinue them is made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyre Echeazarra
- Departament of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Bioaraba, Dispositivos Móviles para el Control de Enfermedades Crónicas, 01008, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Gontzal García Del Caño
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain. .,Bioaraba, Neurofarmacología Celular y Molecular, 01008, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Sergio Barrondo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Bioaraba, Neurofarmacología Celular y Molecular, 01008, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Imanol González-Burguera
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Bioaraba, Neurofarmacología Celular y Molecular, 01008, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Miquel Saumell-Esnaola
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Bioaraba, Neurofarmacología Celular y Molecular, 01008, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Xabier Aretxabala
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Maider López de Jesús
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Bioaraba, Neurofarmacología Celular y Molecular, 01008, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Leire Borrega-Román
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Bioaraba, Neurofarmacología Celular y Molecular, 01008, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Susana Mato
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,Multiple Sclerosis and Other Demyelinating Diseases Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia, Barakaldo, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Matute
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain
| | - María Aranzazu Goicolea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Joan Sallés
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029, Madrid, Spain. .,Bioaraba, Neurofarmacología Celular y Molecular, 01008, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
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3
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Talmont F, Veneziano R, Dietrich G, Moulédous L, Mollereau C, Zajac JM. Pharmacological insight into the activation of the human neuropeptide FF2 receptor. Peptides 2020; 134:170406. [PMID: 32920044 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2020.170406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The neuropeptide FF2 (NPFF2) receptor, predominantly expressed in the central nervous system, plays an important role in the modulation of sensory input and opioid analgesia, as well as in locomotion, feeding, intestinal motility, reward, and the control of obesity. The NPFF2 receptor belongs to the RFamide peptide receptor family and to the G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) super family, but contrary to many other class A GPCRs, no 3D structure has been solved. Thus, it is essential to perform mutagenesis to gain information on the fine functioning of the NPFF2 receptor. In this study, we examined the role of aspartic acid (D) from the "D/ERY/F" motif found in the second intracellular loop (ICL2) and the role of the C-terminal end of the receptor in ligand binding and signal transduction. We found that mutation D3.49A does not impair binding capacities but inhibits G protein activation as well as adenylyl cyclase regulation. Truncation of the C terminal part of the receptor has different effects depending on the position of truncation. When truncation was realized downstream of the putative acylation site, ligand binding and signal transduction capabilities were not lost, contrary to total deletion of the C terminus, which totally impairs the activity of the receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Talmont
- CNRS, IPBS (Institut De Pharmacologie Et De Biologie Structurale) 205 Route De Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, Cedex 4, France; Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, F-31300 Toulouse, France.
| | - Remi Veneziano
- CNRS, IPBS (Institut De Pharmacologie Et De Biologie Structurale) 205 Route De Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, Cedex 4, France; Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, F-31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Gilles Dietrich
- INSERM IRSD (Institut De Recherche En Santé Digestive) U1220, CHU Purpan Place Du Docteur Baylac, CS 60039 31024, Toulouse Cedex 3, France
| | - Lionel Moulédous
- CNRS, IPBS (Institut De Pharmacologie Et De Biologie Structurale) 205 Route De Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, Cedex 4, France; Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, F-31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Mollereau
- CNRS, IPBS (Institut De Pharmacologie Et De Biologie Structurale) 205 Route De Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, Cedex 4, France; Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, F-31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Marie Zajac
- CNRS, IPBS (Institut De Pharmacologie Et De Biologie Structurale) 205 Route De Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, Cedex 4, France; Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, F-31300 Toulouse, France
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Talmont F, Hatzoglou A, Cuvillier O. La sclérose en plaques et les médicaments immuno-modulateurs des récepteurs de la sphingosine 1-phosphate. Med Sci (Paris) 2020; 36:243-252. [DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
La sclérose en plaques (SEP) est une maladie du système nerveux central à composante inflammatoire, très invalidante qui atteint généralement de jeunes adultes (20 à 40 ans). Cette maladie se caractérise par la destruction progressive, par les cellules du système immunitaire, de la gaine de myéline des axones, ce qui aboutit à une dégénérescence neuronale. Les lymphocytes T et B sont les acteurs principaux de cette maladie qui peut être rémittente ou progressive. Parmi les médicaments utilisés dans le cadre de son traitement, le fingolimod, un immunosuppresseur dont les cibles sont les récepteurs de la sphingosine 1-phosphate, administré par voie orale, agit en empêchant les lymphocytes de quitter le thymus et les ganglions lymphatiques, et de rejoindre les foyers inflammatoires cérébraux. Une recherche intense pour développer des traitements et des médicaments curatifs est actuellement en cours et d’autres immunosuppresseurs interagissant avec les récepteurs de sphingosine 1-phosphate sont en cours de développement.
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5
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Talmont F, Moulédous L, Baranger M, Gomez-Brouchet A, Zajac JM, Deffaud C, Cuvillier O, Hatzoglou A. Development and characterization of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 monoclonal antibody suitable for cell imaging and biochemical studies of endogenous receptors. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213203. [PMID: 30845158 PMCID: PMC6405204 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1) has been shown to trigger several S1P targeted functions such as immune cell trafficking, cell proliferation, migration, or angiogenesis, tools that allow the accurate detection of endogenous S1P1 localization and trafficking remain to be obtained and validated. In this study, we developed and characterized a novel monoclonal S1P1 antibody. Mice were immunized with S1P1 produced in the yeast Pichia pastoris and nine hybridoma clones producing monoclonal antibodies were created. Using different technical approaches including Western blot, immunoprecipitation and immunocytochemistry, we show that a selected clone, hereinafter referred to as 2B9, recognizes human and mouse S1P1 in various cell lineages. The interaction between 2B9 and S1P1 is specific over receptor subtypes, as the antibody does not binds to S1P2 or S1P5 receptors. Using cell-imaging methods, we demonstrate that 2B9 binds to an epitope located at the intracellular domain of S1P1; reveals cytosolic and membrane localization of the endogenous S1P1; and receptor internalization upon S1P or FTY720-P stimulation. Finally, loss of 2B9 signal upon knockdown of endogenous S1P1 by specific small interference RNAs further confirms its specificity. 2B9 was also able to detect S1P1 in human kidney and spinal cord tissue by immunohistochemistry. Altogether, our results suggest that 2B9 could be a useful tool to detect, quantify or localize low amounts of endogenous S1P1 in various physiological and pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Talmont
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Lionel Moulédous
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Anne Gomez-Brouchet
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.,Service d'anatomie et cytologie pathologiques, IUCT Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Marie Zajac
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Olivier Cuvillier
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Anastassia Hatzoglou
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
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6
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7
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Basso L, Boué J, Mahiddine K, Blanpied C, Robiou-du-Pont S, Vergnolle N, Deraison C, Dietrich G. Endogenous analgesia mediated by CD4(+) T lymphocytes is dependent on enkephalins in mice. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:132. [PMID: 27245576 PMCID: PMC4888630 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0591-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background T cell-derived opioids play a key role in the control of inflammatory pain. However, the nature of opioids produced by T cells is still matter of debate in mice. Whereas β-endorphin has been found in T lymphocytes by using antibody-based methods, messenger RNA (mRNA) quantification shows mainly mRNA encoding for enkephalins. The objective of the study is to elucidate the nature of T cell-derived opioids responsible for analgesia and clarify discrepancy of the results at the protein and genetic levels. Methods CD4+ T lymphocytes were isolated from wild-type and enkephalin-deficient mice. mRNA encoding for β-endorphin and enkephalin was quantified by RT-qPCR. The binding of commercially available polyclonal anti-endorphin antibodies to lymphocytes from wild-type or enkephalin knockout mice was assessed by cytofluorometry. Opioid-mediated analgesic properties of T lymphocytes from wild-type and enkephalin-deficient mice were compared in a model of inflammation-induced somatic pain by measuring sensitivity to mechanical stimuli using calibrated von Frey filaments. Results CD4+ T lymphocytes expressed high level of mRNA encoding for enkephalins but not for β-endorphin in mice. Anti-β-endorphin polyclonal IgG antibodies are specific for β-endorphin but cross-react with enkephalins. Anti-β-endorphin polyclonal antibodies bound to wild-type but not enkephalin-deficient CD4+ T lymphocytes. Endogenous regulation of inflammatory pain by wild-type T lymphocytes was completely abolished when T lymphocytes were deficient in enkephalins. Pain behavior of immune-deficient (i.e., without B and T lymphocytes) mice was superimposable to that of mice transferred with enkephalin-deficient lymphocytes. Conclusions Rabbit polyclonal anti-β-endorphin serum IgG bind to CD4+ T lymphocytes because of their cross-reactivity towards enkephalins. Thus, staining of T lymphocytes by anti-β-endorphin polyclonal IgG reported in most of studies in mice is because of their binding to enkephalins. In mice, CD4+ T lymphocytes completely lose their analgesic opioid-mediated activity when lacking enkephalins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Basso
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Jérôme Boué
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Karim Mahiddine
- CPTP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | - Céline Deraison
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Gilles Dietrich
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France.
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8
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Jo M, Jung ST. Engineering therapeutic antibodies targeting G-protein-coupled receptors. Exp Mol Med 2016; 48:e207. [PMID: 26846450 PMCID: PMC4892866 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2015.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
G-protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) are one of the most attractive therapeutic target classes because of their critical roles in intracellular signaling and their clinical relevance to a variety of diseases, including cancer, infection and inflammation. However, high conformational variability, the small exposed area of extracellular epitopes and difficulty in the preparation of GPCR antigens have delayed both the isolation of therapeutic anti-GPCR antibodies as well as studies on the structure, function and biochemical mechanisms of GPCRs. To overcome the challenges in generating highly specific anti-GPCR antibodies with enhanced efficacy and safety, various forms of antigens have been successfully designed and employed for screening with newly emerged systems based on laboratory animal immunization and high-throughput-directed evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Migyeong Jo
- Department of Bio and Nano Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Taek Jung
- Department of Bio and Nano Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul, Korea
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9
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Tripathi A, Gaponenko V, Majetschak M. Commercially available antibodies directed against α-adrenergic receptor subtypes and other G protein-coupled receptors with acceptable selectivity in flow cytometry experiments. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 389:243-8. [PMID: 26660071 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-015-1196-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Several previous reports suggested that many commercially available antibodies directed against G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) lack sufficient selectivity. Accordingly, it has been proposed that receptor antibodies should be validated by at least one of several criteria, such as testing tissues or cells after knockout or silencing of the corresponding gene. Here, we tested whether 12 commercially available antibodies directed against α-adrenergic receptor (AR) subtypes (α1A/B/D, α2A/B/C), atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3), and vasopressin receptor 1A (AVPR1A) suffice these criteria. We detected in flow cytometry experiments with human vascular smooth muscle cells that the fluorescence signals from each of these antibodies were reduced by 46 ± 10 %-91 ± 2 % in cells treated with commercially available small interfering RNA (siRNA) specific for each receptor, as compared with cells that were incubated with non-targeting siRNA. The tested antibodies included anti-ACKR3 (R&D Systems, mab42273), for which specificity has previously been demonstrated. Staining with this antibody resulted in 72 ± 5 % reduction of the fluorescence signal after ACKR3 siRNA treatment. Furthermore, staining with anti-α1A-AR (Santa Cruz, sc1477) and anti-ACKR3 (Abcam, ab38089), which have previously been reported to be non-specific, resulted in 70 ± 19 % and 80 ± 4 % loss of the fluorescence signal after α1A-AR and ACKR3 siRNA treatment, respectively. Our findings demonstrate that the tested antibodies show reasonable selectivity for their receptor target under our experimental conditions. Furthermore, our observations suggest that the selectivity of GPCR antibodies depends on the method for which the antibody is employed, the species from which cells/tissues are obtained, and on the type of specimens (cell, tissue/cell homogenate, or section) tested.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies/immunology
- Antibodies/metabolism
- Antibody Specificity
- Antigen-Antibody Complex/immunology
- Antigen-Antibody Complex/metabolism
- Binding Sites, Antibody
- Cells, Cultured
- Flow Cytometry/methods
- Humans
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/immunology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/immunology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Protein Binding
- RNA Interference
- Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/genetics
- Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/immunology
- Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/metabolism
- Receptors, CXCR/genetics
- Receptors, CXCR/immunology
- Receptors, CXCR/metabolism
- Receptors, Vasopressin/genetics
- Receptors, Vasopressin/immunology
- Receptors, Vasopressin/metabolism
- Transfection
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Tripathi
- Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 S. First Avenue, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Vadim Gaponenko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, 900 S Ashland, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Matthias Majetschak
- Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 S. First Avenue, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 S. First Avenue, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.
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Insel PA, Wilderman A, Zambon AC, Snead AN, Murray F, Aroonsakool N, McDonald DS, Zhou S, McCann T, Zhang L, Sriram K, Chinn AM, Michkov AV, Lynch RM, Overland AC, Corriden R. G Protein-Coupled Receptor (GPCR) Expression in Native Cells: "Novel" endoGPCRs as Physiologic Regulators and Therapeutic Targets. Mol Pharmacol 2015; 88:181-7. [PMID: 25737495 DOI: 10.1124/mol.115.098129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the largest family of signaling receptors in the human genome, are also the largest class of targets of approved drugs. Are the optimal GPCRs (in terms of efficacy and safety) currently targeted therapeutically? Especially given the large number (∼ 120) of orphan GPCRs (which lack known physiologic agonists), it is likely that previously unrecognized GPCRs, especially orphan receptors, regulate cell function and can be therapeutic targets. Knowledge is limited regarding the diversity and identity of GPCRs that are activated by endogenous ligands and that native cells express. Here, we review approaches to define GPCR expression in tissues and cells and results from studies using these approaches. We identify problems with the available data and suggest future ways to identify and validate the physiologic and therapeutic roles of previously unrecognized GPCRs. We propose that a particularly useful approach to identify functionally important GPCRs with therapeutic potential will be to focus on receptors that show selective increases in expression in diseased cells from patients and experimental animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Insel
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Andrea Wilderman
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Alexander C Zambon
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Aaron N Snead
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Fiona Murray
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Nakon Aroonsakool
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Daniel S McDonald
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Shu Zhou
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Thalia McCann
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Lingzhi Zhang
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Krishna Sriram
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Amy M Chinn
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Alexander V Michkov
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Rebecca M Lynch
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Aaron C Overland
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ross Corriden
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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Aroor A, Nistala R. Tissue-specific expression of GLP1R in mice: is the problem of antibody nonspecificity solved? Diabetes 2014; 63:1182-4. [PMID: 24651800 DOI: 10.2337/db13-1937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annayya Aroor
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine, Columbia, MO
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Abstract
This paper is the thirty-fifth consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2012 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides, opioid receptors, opioid agonists and opioid antagonists. The particular topics that continue to be covered include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors related to behavior (Section 2), and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia (Section 3); stress and social status (Section 4); tolerance and dependence (Section 5); learning and memory (Section 6); eating and drinking (Section 7); alcohol and drugs of abuse (Section 8); sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology (Section 9); mental illness and mood (Section 10); seizures and neurologic disorders (Section 11); electrical-related activity and neurophysiology (Section 12); general activity and locomotion (Section 13); gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions (Section 14); cardiovascular responses (Section 15); respiration and thermoregulation (Section 16); and immunological responses (Section 17).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY 11367, United States.
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