1
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Golledge J, Lu HS, Curci JA. Small AAAs: Recommendations for Rodent Model Research for the Identification of Novel Therapeutics. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:1467-1473. [PMID: 38924435 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.124.320823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
CLINICAL PROBLEM Most abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are small with low rupture risk (<1%/y) when diagnosed but slowly expand to ≥55 mm and undergo surgical repair. Patients and clinicians require medications to limit AAA growth and rupture, but drugs effective in animal models have not translated to patients. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR INCREASING TRANSLATION FROM MOUSE MODELS Use models that simulate human AAA tissue pathology, growth patterns, and rupture; focus on the clinically relevant outcomes of growth and rupture; design studies with the rigor required of human clinical trials; monitor AAA growth using reproducible ultrasound; and perform studies in both males and females. SUMMARY OF STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF MOUSE MODELS The aortic adventitial elastase oral β-aminopropionitrile model has many strengths including simulating human AAA pathology and modeling prolonged aneurysm growth. The Ang II (angiotensin II) model performed less well as it better simulates acute aortic syndrome than AAA. The elastase plus TGFβ (transforming growth factor-β) blocking antibody model displays a high rupture rate, making prolonged monitoring of AAA growth not feasible. The elastase perfusion and calcium chloride models both display limited AAA growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Golledge
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia (J.G.)
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Townsville University Hospital, Queensland, Australia (J.G.)
- The Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, Townsville, Queensland, Australia (J.G.)
| | - Hong S Lu
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington (H.S.L.)
| | - John A Curci
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Vanderbilt Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (J.A.C.)
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tennessee Valley Health System, VA Medical Center, Nashville (J.A.C.)
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2
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Yap C, Wanga S, Wüst RCI, van Os BW, Pijls MME, Keijzer S, van Zanten E, Koolbergen DR, Driessen AHG, Balm R, Yeung KK, de Vries CJM, Houtkooper RH, Lindeman JHN, de Waard V. Doxycycline induces mitochondrial dysfunction in aortic smooth muscle cells. Vascul Pharmacol 2024; 154:107279. [PMID: 38272196 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2024.107279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The antibiotic doxycycline is known to inhibit inflammation and was therefore considered as a therapeutic to prevent abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) growth. Yet mitochondrial dysfunction is a key-characteristic of clinical AAA disease. We hypothesize that doxycycline impairs mitochondrial function in the aorta and aortic smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Doxycycline induced mitonuclear imbalance, reduced proliferation and diminished expression of typical contractile smooth muscle cell (SMC) proteins. To understand the underlying mechanism, we studied krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4). The expression of this transcription factor was enhanced in SMCs after doxycycline treatment. Knockdown of KLF4, however, did not affect the doxycycline-induced SMC phenotypic changes. Then we used the bioenergetics drug elamipretide (SS-31). Doxycycline-induced loss of SMC contractility markers was not rescued, but mitochondrial genes and mitochondrial connectivity improved upon elamipretide. Thus while doxycycline is anti-inflammatory, it also induces mitochondrial dysfunction in aortic SMCs and causes SMC phenotypic switching, potentially contributing to aortic aneurysm pathology. The drug elamipretide helps mitigate the harmful effects of doxycycline on mitochondrial function in aortic SMC, and may be of interest for treatment of aneurysm diseases with pre-existing mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Yap
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Medical Biochemistry, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Shaynah Wanga
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Medical Biochemistry, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Cardiology, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rob C I Wüst
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Myology, Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bram W van Os
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Medical Biochemistry, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maud M E Pijls
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Medical Biochemistry, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sofie Keijzer
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Medical Biochemistry, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eva van Zanten
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Medical Biochemistry, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - David R Koolbergen
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Cardiothoracic Surgery, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Antoine H G Driessen
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Cardiothoracic Surgery, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ron Balm
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Vascular Surgery, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kak Khee Yeung
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Vascular Surgery, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Physiology, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Carlie J M de Vries
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Medical Biochemistry, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan H N Lindeman
- Leiden University Medical Center, Vascular Surgery, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Vivian de Waard
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Medical Biochemistry, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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3
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Hong CW, Tsai HY, Chung CH, Wang JC, Hsu YJ, Lin CY, Hsu CW, Chien WC, Tsai SH. The associations among peptic ulcer disease, Helicobacter pylori infection, and abdominal aortic aneurysms: A nationwide population-based cohort study. J Cardiol 2024:S0914-5087(24)00027-3. [PMID: 38382580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are overlapping risk factors and underlying molecular mechanisms for both peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Despite improvements in the early diagnosis and treatment of AAA, ruptured AAAs continue to cause a substantial number of deaths. Helicobacter pylori are Gram-negative, microaerophilic bacteria that are now recognized as the main cause of PUD. H. pylori infection (HPI) is associated with an increased risk of certain cardiovascular diseases. HPIs can be treated with at least two different antibiotics to prevent bacteria from developing resistance to one particular antibiotic. METHODS We conducted a population-based cohort study using the National Health Insurance Research Database to evaluate whether associations exist among PUD, HPI, and eradication therapy for HPI and AAA. The primary outcome of this study was the cumulative incidence of AAA among patients with or without PUD and HPI during the 14-year follow-up period. RESULTS Our analysis included 7003 patients with PUD/HPI, 7003 patients with only PUD, and another 7003 age-, sex-, and comorbidity-matched controls from the database. We found that patients with PUD/HPI had a significantly increased risk of AAA compared to those with PUD alone and matched controls. The patients who had PUD/HPI had a significantly higher cumulative risk of developing AAA than those with PUD and the comparison group (2.67 % vs. 1.41 % vs. 0.73 %, respectively, p < 0.001). Among those patients with PUD/HPI, patients who had eradication therapy had a lower incidence of AAA than those without eradication therapy (2.46 % vs. 3.88 %, p = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS We revealed an association among PUD, HPI, and AAA, even after adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities, and annual medical follow-up visits. Notably, we found that HPI eradication therapy reduced the incidence of AAA among patients with PUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wei Hong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ya Tsai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsiang Chung
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Chun Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Juei Hsu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yuan Lin
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Wang Hsu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Emergency and Critical Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chien Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Hung Tsai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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4
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Puertas-Umbert L, Almendra-Pegueros R, Jiménez-Altayó F, Sirvent M, Galán M, Martínez-González J, Rodríguez C. Novel pharmacological approaches in abdominal aortic aneurysm. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:1167-1194. [PMID: 37559446 PMCID: PMC10415166 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a severe vascular disease and a major public health issue with an unmet medical need for therapy. This disease is featured by a progressive dilation of the abdominal aorta, boosted by atherosclerosis, ageing, and smoking as major risk factors. Aneurysm growth increases the risk of aortic rupture, a life-threatening emergency with high mortality rates. Despite the increasing progress in our knowledge about the etiopathology of AAA, an effective pharmacological treatment against this disorder remains elusive and surgical repair is still the unique available therapeutic approach for high-risk patients. Meanwhile, there is no medical alternative for patients with small aneurysms but close surveillance. Clinical trials assessing the efficacy of antihypertensive agents, statins, doxycycline, or anti-platelet drugs, among others, failed to demonstrate a clear benefit limiting AAA growth, while data from ongoing clinical trials addressing the benefit of metformin on aneurysm progression are eagerly awaited. Recent preclinical studies have postulated new therapeutic targets and pharmacological strategies paving the way for the implementation of future clinical studies exploring these novel therapeutic strategies. This review summarises some of the most relevant clinical and preclinical studies in search of new therapeutic approaches for AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lídia Puertas-Umbert
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Francesc Jiménez-Altayó
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Neuroscience Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Sirvent
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular del Hospital Universitari General de Granollers, Granollers, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Galán
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain
| | - José Martínez-González
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona (IIBB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Rodríguez
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
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5
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Sawada H, Daugherty A, Lu HS. Divergent Roles of Matrix Metalloproteinase 12 in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. Circ Res 2023; 132:449-451. [PMID: 36795847 PMCID: PMC9942107 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.322511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Sawada
- Department of Physiology, Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Alan Daugherty
- Department of Physiology, Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Hong S Lu
- Department of Physiology, Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington
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6
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Development of pharmacotherapies for abdominal aortic aneurysms. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113340. [PMID: 35780618 PMCID: PMC9514980 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The cardiovascular field is still searching for a treatment for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). This inflammatory disease often goes undiagnosed until a late stage and associated rupture has a high mortality rate. No pharmacological treatment options are available. Three hallmark factors of AAA pathology include inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and vascular smooth muscle dysfunction. Here we discuss drugs for AAA treatment that have been studied in clinical trials by examining the drug targets and data present for each drug's ability to regulate the aforementioned three hallmark pathways in AAA progression. Historically, drugs that were examined in interventional clinical trials for treatment of AAA were repurposed therapeutics. Novel treatments (biologics, small-molecule compounds etc.) have not been able to reach the clinic, stalling out in pre-clinical studies. Here we discuss the backgrounds of previous investigational drugs in hopes of better informing future development of potential therapeutics. Overall, the highlighted themes discussed here stress the importance of both centralized anti-inflammatory drug targets and rigor of translatability. Exceedingly few murine studies have examined an intervention-based drug treatment in halting further growth of an established AAA despite interventional treatment being the therapeutic approach taken to treat AAA in a clinical setting. Additionally, data suggest that a potentially successful drug target may be a central inflammatory biomarker. Specifically, one that can effectively modulate all three hallmark factors of AAA formation, not just inflammation. It is suggested that inhibiting PGE2 formation with an mPGES-1 inhibitor is a leading drug target for AAA treatment to this end.
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7
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Sawada H, Lu HS, Cassis LA, Daugherty A. Twenty Years of Studying AngII (Angiotensin II)-Induced Abdominal Aortic Pathologies in Mice: Continuing Questions and Challenges to Provide Insight Into the Human Disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:277-288. [PMID: 35045728 PMCID: PMC8866209 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.317058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AngII (angiotensin II) infusion in mice has been used to provide mechanistic insight into human abdominal aortic aneurysms for over 2 decades. This is a technically facile animal model that recapitulates multiple facets of the human disease. Although numerous publications have reported abdominal aortic aneurysms with AngII infusion in mice, there remain many fundamental unanswered questions such as uniformity of describing the pathological characteristics and which cell type is stimulated by AngII to promote abdominal aortic aneurysms. Extrapolation of the findings to provide insight into the human disease has been hindered by the preponderance of studies designed to determine the effects on initiation of abdominal aortic aneurysms, rather than a more clinically relevant scenario of determining efficacy on the established disease. The purpose of this review is to enhance understanding of AngII-induced abdominal aortic pathologies in mice, thereby providing greater insight into the human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Sawada
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY,Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY,Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Hong S. Lu
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY,Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY,Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Lisa A. Cassis
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Alan Daugherty
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY,Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY,Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
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8
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Jia Y, Zhang L, Liu Z, Mao C, Ma Z, Li W, Yu F, Wang Y, Huang Y, Zhang W, Zheng J, Wang X, Xu Q, Zhang J, Feng W, Yun C, Liu C, Sun J, Fu Y, Cui Q, Kong W. Targeting macrophage TFEB-14-3-3 epsilon Interface by naringenin inhibits abdominal aortic aneurysm. Cell Discov 2022; 8:21. [PMID: 35228523 PMCID: PMC8885854 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-021-00363-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a lethal cardiovascular disease, and there is no proven drug treatment for this condition. In this study, by using the Connectivity Map (CMap) approach, we explored naringenin, a naturally occurring citrus flavonoid, as a putative agent for inhibiting AAA. We then validated the prediction with two independent mouse models of AAA, calcium phosphate (CaPO4)-induced C57BL/6J mice and angiotensin II-infused ApoE−/− mice. Naringenin effectively blocked the formation of AAAs and the progression of established AAAs. Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is the master regulator of lysosome biogenesis. Intriguingly, the protective role of naringenin on AAA was abolished by macrophage-specific TFEB depletion in mice. Unbiased interactomics, combined with isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and cellular thermal shift assays (CETSAs), further revealed that naringenin is directly bound to 14-3-3 epsilon blocked the TFEB-14-3-3 epsilon interaction, and therefore promoted TFEB nuclear translocation and activation. On one hand, naringenin activated lysosome-dependent inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome and repressed aneurysmal inflammation. On the other hand, naringenin induced TFEB-dependent transcriptional activation of GATA3, IRF4, and STAT6 and therefore promoted reparative M2 macrophage polarization. In summary, naturally derived naringenin or macrophage TFEB activation shows promising efficacy for the treatment of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Jia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ziyi Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Chenfeng Mao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Zihan Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqiang Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yingbao Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqian Huang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Weizhen Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Jingang Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Qingbo Xu
- Cardiovascular Division, Kings College London BHF Centre, London, SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Medicinal Chemistry & Bioinformatics Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Feng
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Caihong Yun
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanju Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jinpeng Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghua Cui
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
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9
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Fibrates: A Possible Treatment Option for Patients with Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm? Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12010074. [PMID: 35053222 PMCID: PMC8773940 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a life-threatening disease; however, there is no established treatment for patients with AAA. Fibrates are agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) that are widely used as therapeutic agents to treat patients with hypertriglyceridemia. They can regulate the pathogenesis of AAA in multiple ways, for example, by exerting anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects and suppressing the expression of matrix metalloproteinases. Previously, basic and clinical studies have evaluated the effects of fenofibrate on AAA. In this paper, we summarize the results of these studies and discuss the problems associated with using fenofibrate as a therapeutic agent for patients with AAA. In addition, we discuss a new perspective on the regulation of AAA by PPARα agonists.
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10
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Aberrant Mitochondrial Dynamics: An Emerging Pathogenic Driver of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Cardiovasc Ther 2021; 2021:6615400. [PMID: 34221126 PMCID: PMC8221877 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6615400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is defined as a progressive segmental dilation of the abdominal aorta and is associated with high mortality. The characterized features of AAA indicate several underlying mechanisms of AAA formation and progression, including reactive oxygen species production, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. Mitochondrial functions are critical for determining cell fate, and mitochondrial dynamics, especially selective mitochondrial autophagy, which is termed as mitophagy, has emerged as an important player in the pathogenesis of several cardiovascular diseases. The PARKIN/PARIS/PGC1α pathway is associated with AAA formation and has been proposed to play a role in mitochondrial dynamics mediated by the PINK/PARKIN pathway in the pathogenesis underlying AAA. This review is aimed at deepening our understanding of AAA formation and progression, which is vital for the development of potential medical therapies for AAA.
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11
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Current pharmacological management of aortic aneurysm. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 78:211-220. [PMID: 33990514 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Aortic aneurysm (AA) remains one of the primary causes of death worldwide. Of the major treatments, prophylactic operative repair is used for AA to avoid potential aortic dissection (AD) or rupture. To halt the development of AA and alleviate its progression into AD, pharmacological treatment has been investigated for years. Currently, β-adrenergic blocking agents, losartan, irbesartan, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors, statins, antiplatelet agents, doxycycline, and metformin have been investigated as potential candidates for preventing AA progression. However, the paradox between preclinical successes and clinical failures still exists, with no medical therapy currently available for ideally negating the disease progression. This review describes the current drugs used for pharmacological management of AA and their individual potential mechanisms. Preclinical models for drug screening and evaluation are also discussed to gain a better understanding of the underlying pathophysiology and ultimately find new therapeutic targets for AA.
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12
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Phie J, Thanigaimani S, Golledge J. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Interventions to Slow Progression of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Mouse Models. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:1504-1517. [PMID: 33567871 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.315942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- James Phie
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry (J.P., S.T., J.G.), James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Shivshankar Thanigaimani
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry (J.P., S.T., J.G.), James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Jonathan Golledge
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry (J.P., S.T., J.G.), James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.,Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine (J.G.), James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.,Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Townsville University Hospital, Queensland, Australia (J.G.)
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13
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Sharma N, Hans CP. Interleukin 12p40 Deficiency Promotes Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm by Activating CCN2/MMP2 Pathways. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e017633. [PMID: 33470127 PMCID: PMC7955443 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.017633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Development of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is associated with proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin-12 (IL12). Deficiency of interleukin 12p40 (IL12p40) increases localized fibrotic events by promoting TGFβ2 (transforming growth factor β)-dependent anti-inflammatory response. Here, we determined whether IL12p40 deficiency in apolipoprotein E-/- mice attenuates the development of AAA by antagonizing proinflammatory response. Methods and Results Double knockout (DKO) mice were generated by crossbreeding IL12p40-/- mice with apolipoprotein E-/- mice (n=12). Aneurysmal studies were performed using angiotensin II (1 µg/kg/min; subcutaneous). Surprisingly, DKO mice did not prevent the development of AAA with angiotensin II infusion. Immunohistological analysis, however, showed distinct pathological features between apolipoprotein E-/- and DKO mice. Polymerase chain reaction (7 day) and cytokine arrays (28 day) of the aortic tissues from DKO mice showed significantly increased expression of cytokines related to anti-inflammatory response (interleukin 5 and interleukin 13), synthetic vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype (Activin receptor-like kinase-1 (ALK-1), artemin, and betacellulin) and T helper 17-associated response (4-1BB, interleukin-17e (Il17e) and Cd40 ligand (Cd-40L)). Indeed, DKO mice exhibited increased expression of the fibro-proteolytic pathway in the medial layer of aortae induced by cellular communication network factor 2 (CCN2) and Cd3+IL17+ cells compared with apolipoprotein E-/- mice. Laser capture microdissection showed predominant expression of CCN2/TGFβ2 in the medial layer of human AAA. Finally, Ccn2 haploinsufficiency in the mice showed decreased AAA incidence in response to elastase infusion, associated with decreased matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression. Conclusions Our study reveals novel roles for IL12p40 deficiency in inducing fibro-proteolytic activities in the aneurysmal mouse model. Mechanistically, these effects of IL12p40 deficiency are mediated by CCN2/matrix metalloproteinase-2 crosstalk in the medial layer of aneurysmal aortae.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Animals
- Aorta, Abdominal/diagnostic imaging
- Aorta, Abdominal/metabolism
- Aorta, Abdominal/physiopathology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/etiology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/genetics
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/metabolism
- Blotting, Western
- Cells, Cultured
- Connective Tissue Growth Factor/biosynthesis
- Connective Tissue Growth Factor/genetics
- Disease Models, Animal
- Electrocardiography
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Interleukin-12 Subunit p40/blood
- Interleukin-12 Subunit p40/deficiency
- Male
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/biosynthesis
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/genetics
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Middle Aged
- RNA/genetics
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Ultrasonography
- Vascular Stiffness/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Neekun Sharma
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - Chetan P. Hans
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
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14
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Which Mouse Model of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Deserves Triple A Status? Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2019; 58:777-778. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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15
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Aslanidou L, Ferraro M, Lovric G, Bersi MR, Humphrey JD, Segers P, Trachet B, Stergiopulos N. Co-localization of microstructural damage and excessive mechanical strain at aortic branches in angiotensin-II-infused mice. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2019; 19:81-97. [PMID: 31273562 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-019-01197-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Animal models of aortic aneurysm and dissection can enhance our limited understanding of the etiology of these lethal conditions particularly because early-stage longitudinal data are scant in humans. Yet, the pathogenesis of often-studied mouse models and the potential contribution of aortic biomechanics therein remain elusive. In this work, we combined micro-CT and synchrotron-based imaging with computational biomechanics to estimate in vivo aortic strains in the abdominal aorta of angiotensin-II-infused ApoE-deficient mice, which were compared with mouse-specific aortic microstructural damage inferred from histopathology. Targeted histology showed that the 3D distribution of micro-CT contrast agent that had been injected in vivo co-localized with precursor vascular damage in the aortic wall at 3 days of hypertension, with damage predominantly near the ostia of the celiac and superior mesenteric arteries. Computations similarly revealed higher mechanical strain in branching relative to non-branching regions, thus resulting in a positive correlation between high strain and vascular damage in branching segments that included the celiac, superior mesenteric, and right renal arteries. These results suggest a mechanically driven initiation of damage at these locations, which was supported by 3D synchrotron imaging of load-induced ex vivo delaminations of angiotensin-II-infused suprarenal abdominal aortas. That is, the major intramural delamination plane in the ex vivo tested aortas was also near side branches and specifically around the celiac artery. Our findings thus support the hypothesis of an early mechanically mediated formation of microstructural defects at aortic branching sites that subsequently propagate into a macroscopic medial tear, giving rise to aortic dissection in angiotensin-II-infused mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Aslanidou
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Mauro Ferraro
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Goran Lovric
- Centre d'Imagerie BioMédicale, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Matthew R Bersi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA
| | - Jay D Humphrey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, USA
| | | | - Bram Trachet
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- bioMMeda, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nikos Stergiopulos
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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16
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Abstract
Current management of aortic aneurysms relies exclusively on prophylactic operative repair of larger aneurysms. Great potential exists for successful medical therapy that halts or reduces aneurysm progression and hence alleviates or postpones the need for surgical repair. Preclinical studies in the context of abdominal aortic aneurysm identified hundreds of candidate strategies for stabilization, and data from preoperative clinical intervention studies show that interventions in the pathways of the activated inflammatory and proteolytic cascades in enlarging abdominal aortic aneurysm are feasible. Similarly, the concept of pharmaceutical aorta stabilization in Marfan syndrome is supported by a wealth of promising studies in the murine models of Marfan syndrome-related aortapathy. Although some clinical studies report successful medical stabilization of growing aortic aneurysms and aortic root stabilization in Marfan syndrome, these claims are not consistently confirmed in larger and controlled studies. Consequently, no medical therapy can be recommended for the stabilization of aortic aneurysms. The discrepancy between preclinical successes and clinical trial failures implies shortcomings in the available models of aneurysm disease and perhaps incomplete understanding of the pathological processes involved in later stages of aortic aneurysm progression. Preclinical models more reflective of human pathophysiology, identification of biomarkers to predict severity of disease progression, and improved design of clinical trials may more rapidly advance the opportunities in this important field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan H. Lindeman
- Dept. Vascular Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Jon S. Matsumura
- Division of Vascular Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
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17
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Huang XF, Zhang SZ, You YY, Zhang N, Lu H, Daugherty A, Xie XJ. Ginkgo biloba extracts prevent aortic rupture in angiotensin II-infused hypercholesterolemic mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2019; 40:192-198. [PMID: 29777203 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-018-0017-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are a chronic vascular disease characterized by pathological luminal dilation. Aortic rupture is the fatal consequence of AAAs. Ginkgo biloba extracts (GBEs), a natural herb extract widely used as food supplements, drugs, and cosmetics, has been reported to suppress development of calcium chloride-induced AAAs in mice. Calcium chloride-induced AAAs do not rupture, while angiotensin II (AngII)-induced AAAs in mice have high rate of aortic rupture, implicating potentially different mechanisms from calcium chloride-induced AAAs. This study aimed to determine whether GBE would improve aortic dilation and rupture rate of AngII-induced AAAs. Male apolipoprotein E (apoE) -/- mice were infused with AngII and administered either GBE or its major active ingredients, flavonoids and ginkgolides, individually or in combination. To determine the effects of GBE in mice with established AAAs, male apoE-/- mice were firstly infused with AngII for 28 days to develop AAAs, and then administered either GBE or vehicle in mice with established AAAs, which were continuously infused with AngII for another 56 days. GBE, but not the two major active components separately or synergistically, prevented aortic rupture, but not aortic dilation. The protection of GBE from aortic rupture was independent of systolic blood pressure, lipid, and inflammation. GBE also did not attenuate either aortic rupture or progressive aortic dilation in mice with established AAAs. GBE did not reduce the atherosclerotic lesion areas, either. In conclusion, GBE prevents aortic rupture in AngII-infused hypercholesterolemic mice, but only in the early phase of the disease development.
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18
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Hadi T, Boytard L, Silvestro M, Alebrahim D, Jacob S, Feinstein J, Barone K, Spiro W, Hutchison S, Simon R, Rateri D, Pinet F, Fenyo D, Adelman M, Moore KJ, Eltzschig HK, Daugherty A, Ramkhelawon B. Macrophage-derived netrin-1 promotes abdominal aortic aneurysm formation by activating MMP3 in vascular smooth muscle cells. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5022. [PMID: 30479344 PMCID: PMC6258757 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07495-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are characterized by extensive extracellular matrix (ECM) fragmentation and inflammation. However, the mechanisms by which these events are coupled thereby fueling focal vascular damage are undefined. Here we report through single-cell RNA-sequencing of diseased aorta that the neuronal guidance cue netrin-1 can act at the interface of macrophage-driven injury and ECM degradation. Netrin-1 expression peaks in human and murine aneurysmal macrophages. Targeted deletion of netrin-1 in macrophages protects mice from developing AAA. Through its receptor neogenin-1, netrin-1 induces a robust intracellular calcium flux necessary for the transcriptional regulation and persistent catalytic activation of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP3) by vascular smooth muscle cells. Deficiency in MMP3 reduces ECM damage and the susceptibility of mice to develop AAA. Here, we establish netrin-1 as a major signal that mediates the dynamic crosstalk between inflammation and chronic erosion of the ECM in AAA. Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are characterized by extensive extracellular matrix degradation. Here Hadi et al. identify a netrin-1/neogenin-based crosstalk between macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), leading to the secretion of the matrix metalloproteinase MMP-3 by VSMCs and subsequent matrix degradation in AAA lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarik Hadi
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Ludovic Boytard
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Michele Silvestro
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Dornazsadat Alebrahim
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Samson Jacob
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Jordyn Feinstein
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Krista Barone
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Wes Spiro
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Susan Hutchison
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Russell Simon
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Debra Rateri
- Department of Physiology and Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Florence Pinet
- University of Lille, Inserm U1167, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 59019, Lille, France
| | - David Fenyo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Mark Adelman
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Kathryn J Moore
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Holger K Eltzschig
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Alan Daugherty
- Department of Physiology and Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Bhama Ramkhelawon
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA. .,Department of Cell Biology, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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19
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Tsai SH, Wang JC, Liao WI, Hsu YJ, Lin CY, Liao MT, Huang PH, Lin SJ. Fucoidan attenuates angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysms through the inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase and nuclear factor κB activation. J Vasc Surg 2017; 68:72S-81S.e1. [PMID: 29290496 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2017.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is one of the leading causes of sudden death among the elderly. Most incidental AAAs are below the threshold for intervention at the time of detection; however, there is no evidence that commonly used cardiovascular drugs have clinical beneficial effects on AAA progression. Therefore, in addition to current cardiovascular risk-reducing treatments, an adjunctive medical therapy targeting the regulation of extracellular matrix metabolism is still required in the clinical setting. Fucoidan is an extract of brown seaweed and a sulfated polysaccharide. Emerging evidence suggests that fucoidan has potential cardiovascular applications. Numerous investigations of fucoidan in diseases of the cardiovascular system have mainly focused on its pleiotropic anti-inflammatory effects. Specifically, fucoidan has been shown to have matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-reducing effects in several studies. We aimed to evaluate the beneficial effect of fucoidan on aneurysmal growth in a murine model of aortic aneurysm and further provide a rationale for using fucoidan as a medical adjunctive therapy. METHODS A murine model of angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced AAA was used to assess the therapeutic effects of fucoidan on AAA growth in vivo. The characteristics and quantification of AAAs were determined in situ. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were used for studying the involved pathways in vitro. Western blotting was used to detect the involved signaling pathways both in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS Treatment with fucoidan significantly reduced the incidence of AAA formation. Administration of fucoidan significantly attenuated Ang II-induced aortic expansion from 1.56 ± 0.76 mm to 1.09 ± 0.30 mm. Administration of fucoidan significantly suppressed MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities and reduced the grade of elastin degradation in vivo. In vitro, we found that fucoidan could ameliorate the Ang II-induced phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase and nuclear factor κB p65, and it further reduced MMP and reactive oxygen species production. CONCLUSIONS Fucoidan inhibits the progression of experimental AAA growth through the attenuation of proinflammatory nuclear factor κB and c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation. Fucoidan could be a potential medical adjunctive therapy for small AAAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Hung Tsai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jen-Chun Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-I Liao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Juei Hsu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yuan Lin
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Tser Liao
- Department of Pediatrics, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsun Huang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Jong Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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20
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Yu M, Chen C, Cao Y, Qi R. Inhibitory effects of doxycycline on the onset and progression of abdominal aortic aneurysm and its related mechanisms. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 811:101-109. [PMID: 28545777 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate whether doxycycline (DOX) given at different doses and via different administration routes had protective or therapeutic effects on abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) induced by elastase in mice. Moreover, the anti-AAA mechanism of DOX was studied in TNF-α-stimulated vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) in vitro. For in vivo study, either daily administration of 30mg/kg of DOX by gavage or intraperitoneal injection of 15mg/kg DOX every other day for 14 days significantly prevented the development of AAA at its early stage. Further study showed that intraperitoneal injection of 15mg/kg DOX every other day for 7 times in total could also cure the established AAA. In vitro study showed that treating VSMCs with TNF-α together with DOX remarkably inhibited the expressions and activities of MMPs (MMP-2 and MMP-9), significantly suppressed the activation of protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signal proteins, including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun amino-terminal kinases (JNK) and p38, and downregulated mRNA levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), and significantly upregulated mRNA levels of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD-1), indicating that DOX inhibits activities of MMPs through reducing oxidative stress, suppressing MAPKs and AKT signaling pathways and ameliorating inflammation in VSMCs, and therefore, exerts preventive as well as therapeutic effects on AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maomao Yu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yini Cao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Rong Qi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, Beijing 100191, China.
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21
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Thatcher SE, Black JE, Tanaka H, Kohama K, Fultz ME, Cassis LA, Wright GL. Matrix Metalloproteinases -14, -9 and -2 are Localized to the Podosome and Involved in Podosome Development in the A7r5 Smooth Muscle Cell. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 5. [PMID: 30931350 PMCID: PMC6436839 DOI: 10.13188/2332-3671.1000020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Aim The purpose of the study was to localize matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-14, -9, and -2 in the A7r5 smooth muscle cell and to understand the interaction between these MMPs and the cytoskeleton. This interaction was observed under non-stimulating and phorbol 12, 13-dibutyrate (PDBu)-stimulating conditions. Methods Confocal microscopy was utilized to define the localizations of MMPs and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in the A7r5 cell and to determine interaction between MMPs and the cytoskeleton. Under PDBu-stimulating conditions, the presence of MMP active forms and activity by gel zymography was evaluated in the A7r5 cell. Actin and microtubule-polymerization inhibitors were used to evaluate MMP interaction with the cytoskeleton and the cytoskeleton was observed on matrix and within a Type I collagen gel. Results MMP-14, -9, and -2 were localized to the podosome in the A7r5 smooth muscle cell and interactions were seen with these MMPs and the actin cytoskeleton. PDBu-stimulation induced increases in the protein abundance of the active forms of the MMPs and MMP-2 activity was increased. MMPs also interact with a-actin and not β-tubulin in the A7r5 cell. Galardin, also known as GM-6001, was shown to inhibit podosome formation and prevented MMP localization to the podosome. This broad spectrum MMP inhibitor also prevented collagen gel contraction and prevented cell adhesion and spreading of A7r5 cells within this collagen matrix. Conclusion MMPs are important in the formation and function of podosomes in the A7r5 smooth muscle cell. MMPs interact with a-actin and not β-tubulin in the A7r5 cell. Podosomes play an important role in cell migration and understanding the function of podosomes can lead to insights into cancer metastasis and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Thatcher
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, USA
| | - J E Black
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Marshall University, USA
| | - H Tanaka
- Department of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Japan
| | - K Kohama
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Japan
| | - M E Fultz
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Morehead State University, USA
| | - L A Cassis
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, USA
| | - G L Wright
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Marshall University, USA
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22
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Sénémaud J, Caligiuri G, Etienne H, Delbosc S, Michel JB, Coscas R. Translational Relevance and Recent Advances of Animal Models of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:401-410. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.308534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Human abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) pathophysiology is not yet completely understood. In conductance arteries, the insoluble extracellular matrix, synthesized by vascular smooth muscle cells, assumes the function of withstanding the intraluminal arterial blood pressure. Progressive loss of this function through extracellular matrix proteolysis is a main feature of AAAs. As most patients are now treated via endovascular approaches, surgical AAA specimens have become rare. Animal models provide valuable complementary insights into AAA pathophysiology. Current experimental AAA models involve induction of intraluminal dilation (nondissecting AAAs) or a contained intramural rupture (dissecting models). Although the ideal model should reproduce the histological characteristics and natural history of the human disease, none of the currently available animal models perfectly do so. Experimental models try to represent the main pathophysiological determinants of AAAs: genetic or acquired defects in extracellular matrix, loss of vascular smooth muscle cells, and innate or adaptive immune response. Nevertheless, most models are characterized by aneurysmal stabilization and healing after a few weeks because of cessation of the initial stimulus. Recent studies have focused on ways to optimize existing models to allow continuous aneurysmal growth. This review aims to discuss the relevance and recent advances of current animal AAA models.
Visual Overview—
An online visual overview is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Sénémaud
- From the UMR 1148, Inserm-Paris7 - Denis Diderot University, Xavier Bichat Hospital, Paris, France (J.S., G.C., H.E., S.D., J.-B.M., R.C.); UMR 1173, Inserm-Paris11 - Faculty of Health Sciences Simone Veil, Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University, Paris-Saclay University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France (R.C.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Ambroise Paré University Hospital, AP-HP, Boulogne-Billancourt, France (R.C.); and UMR 1018, Inserm-Paris11 - CESP, Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines
| | - Giuseppina Caligiuri
- From the UMR 1148, Inserm-Paris7 - Denis Diderot University, Xavier Bichat Hospital, Paris, France (J.S., G.C., H.E., S.D., J.-B.M., R.C.); UMR 1173, Inserm-Paris11 - Faculty of Health Sciences Simone Veil, Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University, Paris-Saclay University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France (R.C.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Ambroise Paré University Hospital, AP-HP, Boulogne-Billancourt, France (R.C.); and UMR 1018, Inserm-Paris11 - CESP, Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines
| | - Harry Etienne
- From the UMR 1148, Inserm-Paris7 - Denis Diderot University, Xavier Bichat Hospital, Paris, France (J.S., G.C., H.E., S.D., J.-B.M., R.C.); UMR 1173, Inserm-Paris11 - Faculty of Health Sciences Simone Veil, Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University, Paris-Saclay University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France (R.C.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Ambroise Paré University Hospital, AP-HP, Boulogne-Billancourt, France (R.C.); and UMR 1018, Inserm-Paris11 - CESP, Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines
| | - Sandrine Delbosc
- From the UMR 1148, Inserm-Paris7 - Denis Diderot University, Xavier Bichat Hospital, Paris, France (J.S., G.C., H.E., S.D., J.-B.M., R.C.); UMR 1173, Inserm-Paris11 - Faculty of Health Sciences Simone Veil, Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University, Paris-Saclay University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France (R.C.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Ambroise Paré University Hospital, AP-HP, Boulogne-Billancourt, France (R.C.); and UMR 1018, Inserm-Paris11 - CESP, Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines
| | - Jean-Baptiste Michel
- From the UMR 1148, Inserm-Paris7 - Denis Diderot University, Xavier Bichat Hospital, Paris, France (J.S., G.C., H.E., S.D., J.-B.M., R.C.); UMR 1173, Inserm-Paris11 - Faculty of Health Sciences Simone Veil, Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University, Paris-Saclay University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France (R.C.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Ambroise Paré University Hospital, AP-HP, Boulogne-Billancourt, France (R.C.); and UMR 1018, Inserm-Paris11 - CESP, Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines
| | - Raphaël Coscas
- From the UMR 1148, Inserm-Paris7 - Denis Diderot University, Xavier Bichat Hospital, Paris, France (J.S., G.C., H.E., S.D., J.-B.M., R.C.); UMR 1173, Inserm-Paris11 - Faculty of Health Sciences Simone Veil, Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University, Paris-Saclay University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France (R.C.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Ambroise Paré University Hospital, AP-HP, Boulogne-Billancourt, France (R.C.); and UMR 1018, Inserm-Paris11 - CESP, Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines
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Wanga S, de Waard V. Bile-ated Cell Death Decreases Aortic Aneurysm Formation. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2017; 53:346. [PMID: 28089083 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2016.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Wanga
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - V de Waard
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Animal Models Used to Explore Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: A Systematic Review. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2016; 52:487-499. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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25
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Jung JJ, Razavian M, Kim HY, Ye Y, Golestani R, Toczek J, Zhang J, Sadeghi MM. Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor, doxycycline and progression of calcific aortic valve disease in hyperlipidemic mice. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32659. [PMID: 27619752 PMCID: PMC5020643 DOI: 10.1038/srep32659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the most common cause of aortic stenosis. Currently, there is no non-invasive medical therapy for CAVD. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are upregulated in CAVD and play a role in its pathogenesis. Here, we evaluated the effect of doxycycline, a nonselective MMP inhibitor on CAVD progression in the mouse. Apolipoprotein (apo)E−/− mice (n = 20) were fed a Western diet (WD) to induce CAVD. After 3 months, half of the animals was treated with doxycycline, while the others continued WD alone. After 6 months, we evaluated the effect of doxycycline on CAVD progression by echocardiography, MMP-targeted micro single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT), and tissue analysis. Despite therapeutic blood levels, doxycycline had no significant effect on MMP activation, aortic valve leaflet separation or flow velocity. This lack of effect on in vivo images was confirmed on tissue analysis which showed a similar level of aortic valve gelatinase activity, and inflammation between the two groups of animals. In conclusion, doxycycline (100 mg/kg/day) had no effect on CAVD progression in apoE−/− mice with early disease. Studies with more potent and specific inhibitors are needed to establish any potential role of MMP inhibition in CAVD development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Joon Jung
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Mahmoud Razavian
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Hye-Yeong Kim
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Yunpeng Ye
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Reza Golestani
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jakub Toczek
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jiasheng Zhang
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Mehran M Sadeghi
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States
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26
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Tai HC, Tsai PJ, Chen JY, Lai CH, Wang KC, Teng SH, Lin SC, Chang AYW, Jiang MJ, Li YH, Wu HL, Maeda N, Tsai YS. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ Level Contributes to Structural Integrity and Component Production of Elastic Fibers in the Aorta. Hypertension 2016; 67:1298-308. [PMID: 27045031 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.116.07367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Loss of integrity and massive disruption of elastic fibers are key features of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) has been shown to attenuate AAA through inhibition of inflammation and proteolytic degradation. However, its involvement in elastogenesis during AAA remains unclear. PPARγ was highly expressed in human AAA within all vascular cells, including inflammatory cells and fibroblasts. In the aortas of transgenic mice expressing PPARγ at 25% normal levels (Pparg(C) (/-) mice), we observed the fragmentation of elastic fibers and reduced expression of vital elastic fiber components of elastin and fibulin-5. These were not observed in mice with 50% normal PPARγ expression (Pparg(+/-) mice). Infusion of a moderate dose of angiotensin II (500 ng/kg per minute) did not induce AAA but Pparg(+/-) aorta developed flattened elastic lamellae, whereas Pparg(C/-) aorta showed severe destruction of elastic fibers. After infusion of angiotensin II at 1000 ng/kg per minute, 73% of Pparg(C/-) mice developed atypical suprarenal aortic aneurysms: superior mesenteric arteries were dilated with extensive collagen deposition in adventitia and infiltrations of inflammatory cells. Although matrix metalloproteinase inhibition by doxycycline somewhat attenuated the dilation of aneurysm, it did not reduce the incidence nor elastic lamella deterioration in angiotensin II-infused Pparg(C/-) mice. Furthermore, PPARγ antagonism downregulated elastin and fibulin-5 in fibroblasts, but not in vascular smooth muscle cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated PPARγ binding in the genomic sequence of fibulin-5 in fibroblasts. Our results underscore the importance of PPARγ in AAA development though orchestrating proper elastogenesis and preserving elastic fiber integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haw-Chih Tai
- From the Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.-C.T., J.-Y.C., C.-H.L., Y.-S.T.), Cardiovascular Research Center (H.-C.T., J.-Y.C., C.-H.L., K.-C.W., M.-J.J., Y.-H.L., H.-L.W., Y.-S.T.), Departments of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology (P.-J.T.), Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.-C.W., H.-L.W.), Physiology (S.-C.L., A.Y.W.C.), Cell Biology and Anatomy (M.-J.J.), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Departments of Internal Medicine (J.-Y.C., Y.-H.L.), Surgery (C.-H.L.), and Research Center of Clinical Medicine (Y.-S.T.), National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China (S.-H.T.); and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Pei-Jane Tsai
- From the Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.-C.T., J.-Y.C., C.-H.L., Y.-S.T.), Cardiovascular Research Center (H.-C.T., J.-Y.C., C.-H.L., K.-C.W., M.-J.J., Y.-H.L., H.-L.W., Y.-S.T.), Departments of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology (P.-J.T.), Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.-C.W., H.-L.W.), Physiology (S.-C.L., A.Y.W.C.), Cell Biology and Anatomy (M.-J.J.), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Departments of Internal Medicine (J.-Y.C., Y.-H.L.), Surgery (C.-H.L.), and Research Center of Clinical Medicine (Y.-S.T.), National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China (S.-H.T.); and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Ju-Yi Chen
- From the Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.-C.T., J.-Y.C., C.-H.L., Y.-S.T.), Cardiovascular Research Center (H.-C.T., J.-Y.C., C.-H.L., K.-C.W., M.-J.J., Y.-H.L., H.-L.W., Y.-S.T.), Departments of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology (P.-J.T.), Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.-C.W., H.-L.W.), Physiology (S.-C.L., A.Y.W.C.), Cell Biology and Anatomy (M.-J.J.), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Departments of Internal Medicine (J.-Y.C., Y.-H.L.), Surgery (C.-H.L.), and Research Center of Clinical Medicine (Y.-S.T.), National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China (S.-H.T.); and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Chao-Han Lai
- From the Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.-C.T., J.-Y.C., C.-H.L., Y.-S.T.), Cardiovascular Research Center (H.-C.T., J.-Y.C., C.-H.L., K.-C.W., M.-J.J., Y.-H.L., H.-L.W., Y.-S.T.), Departments of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology (P.-J.T.), Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.-C.W., H.-L.W.), Physiology (S.-C.L., A.Y.W.C.), Cell Biology and Anatomy (M.-J.J.), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Departments of Internal Medicine (J.-Y.C., Y.-H.L.), Surgery (C.-H.L.), and Research Center of Clinical Medicine (Y.-S.T.), National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China (S.-H.T.); and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Kuan-Chieh Wang
- From the Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.-C.T., J.-Y.C., C.-H.L., Y.-S.T.), Cardiovascular Research Center (H.-C.T., J.-Y.C., C.-H.L., K.-C.W., M.-J.J., Y.-H.L., H.-L.W., Y.-S.T.), Departments of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology (P.-J.T.), Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.-C.W., H.-L.W.), Physiology (S.-C.L., A.Y.W.C.), Cell Biology and Anatomy (M.-J.J.), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Departments of Internal Medicine (J.-Y.C., Y.-H.L.), Surgery (C.-H.L.), and Research Center of Clinical Medicine (Y.-S.T.), National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China (S.-H.T.); and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Shih-Hua Teng
- From the Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.-C.T., J.-Y.C., C.-H.L., Y.-S.T.), Cardiovascular Research Center (H.-C.T., J.-Y.C., C.-H.L., K.-C.W., M.-J.J., Y.-H.L., H.-L.W., Y.-S.T.), Departments of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology (P.-J.T.), Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.-C.W., H.-L.W.), Physiology (S.-C.L., A.Y.W.C.), Cell Biology and Anatomy (M.-J.J.), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Departments of Internal Medicine (J.-Y.C., Y.-H.L.), Surgery (C.-H.L.), and Research Center of Clinical Medicine (Y.-S.T.), National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China (S.-H.T.); and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Shih-Chieh Lin
- From the Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.-C.T., J.-Y.C., C.-H.L., Y.-S.T.), Cardiovascular Research Center (H.-C.T., J.-Y.C., C.-H.L., K.-C.W., M.-J.J., Y.-H.L., H.-L.W., Y.-S.T.), Departments of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology (P.-J.T.), Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.-C.W., H.-L.W.), Physiology (S.-C.L., A.Y.W.C.), Cell Biology and Anatomy (M.-J.J.), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Departments of Internal Medicine (J.-Y.C., Y.-H.L.), Surgery (C.-H.L.), and Research Center of Clinical Medicine (Y.-S.T.), National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China (S.-H.T.); and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Alice Y W Chang
- From the Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.-C.T., J.-Y.C., C.-H.L., Y.-S.T.), Cardiovascular Research Center (H.-C.T., J.-Y.C., C.-H.L., K.-C.W., M.-J.J., Y.-H.L., H.-L.W., Y.-S.T.), Departments of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology (P.-J.T.), Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.-C.W., H.-L.W.), Physiology (S.-C.L., A.Y.W.C.), Cell Biology and Anatomy (M.-J.J.), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Departments of Internal Medicine (J.-Y.C., Y.-H.L.), Surgery (C.-H.L.), and Research Center of Clinical Medicine (Y.-S.T.), National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China (S.-H.T.); and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Meei-Jyh Jiang
- From the Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.-C.T., J.-Y.C., C.-H.L., Y.-S.T.), Cardiovascular Research Center (H.-C.T., J.-Y.C., C.-H.L., K.-C.W., M.-J.J., Y.-H.L., H.-L.W., Y.-S.T.), Departments of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology (P.-J.T.), Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.-C.W., H.-L.W.), Physiology (S.-C.L., A.Y.W.C.), Cell Biology and Anatomy (M.-J.J.), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Departments of Internal Medicine (J.-Y.C., Y.-H.L.), Surgery (C.-H.L.), and Research Center of Clinical Medicine (Y.-S.T.), National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China (S.-H.T.); and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Yi-Heng Li
- From the Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.-C.T., J.-Y.C., C.-H.L., Y.-S.T.), Cardiovascular Research Center (H.-C.T., J.-Y.C., C.-H.L., K.-C.W., M.-J.J., Y.-H.L., H.-L.W., Y.-S.T.), Departments of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology (P.-J.T.), Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.-C.W., H.-L.W.), Physiology (S.-C.L., A.Y.W.C.), Cell Biology and Anatomy (M.-J.J.), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Departments of Internal Medicine (J.-Y.C., Y.-H.L.), Surgery (C.-H.L.), and Research Center of Clinical Medicine (Y.-S.T.), National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China (S.-H.T.); and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Hua-Lin Wu
- From the Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.-C.T., J.-Y.C., C.-H.L., Y.-S.T.), Cardiovascular Research Center (H.-C.T., J.-Y.C., C.-H.L., K.-C.W., M.-J.J., Y.-H.L., H.-L.W., Y.-S.T.), Departments of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology (P.-J.T.), Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.-C.W., H.-L.W.), Physiology (S.-C.L., A.Y.W.C.), Cell Biology and Anatomy (M.-J.J.), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Departments of Internal Medicine (J.-Y.C., Y.-H.L.), Surgery (C.-H.L.), and Research Center of Clinical Medicine (Y.-S.T.), National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China (S.-H.T.); and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Nobuyo Maeda
- From the Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.-C.T., J.-Y.C., C.-H.L., Y.-S.T.), Cardiovascular Research Center (H.-C.T., J.-Y.C., C.-H.L., K.-C.W., M.-J.J., Y.-H.L., H.-L.W., Y.-S.T.), Departments of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology (P.-J.T.), Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.-C.W., H.-L.W.), Physiology (S.-C.L., A.Y.W.C.), Cell Biology and Anatomy (M.-J.J.), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Departments of Internal Medicine (J.-Y.C., Y.-H.L.), Surgery (C.-H.L.), and Research Center of Clinical Medicine (Y.-S.T.), National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China (S.-H.T.); and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Yau-Sheng Tsai
- From the Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.-C.T., J.-Y.C., C.-H.L., Y.-S.T.), Cardiovascular Research Center (H.-C.T., J.-Y.C., C.-H.L., K.-C.W., M.-J.J., Y.-H.L., H.-L.W., Y.-S.T.), Departments of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology (P.-J.T.), Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.-C.W., H.-L.W.), Physiology (S.-C.L., A.Y.W.C.), Cell Biology and Anatomy (M.-J.J.), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Departments of Internal Medicine (J.-Y.C., Y.-H.L.), Surgery (C.-H.L.), and Research Center of Clinical Medicine (Y.-S.T.), National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China (S.-H.T.); and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.).
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27
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Haskett DG, Maestas D, Howerton SJ, Smith T, Ardila DC, Doetschman T, Utzinger U, McGrath D, McIntyre JO, Vande Geest JP. 2-Photon Characterization of Optical Proteolytic Beacons for Imaging Changes in Matrix-Metalloprotease Activity in a Mouse Model of Aneurysm. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2016; 22:349-360. [PMID: 26903264 PMCID: PMC4823162 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927616000088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm is a multifactorial disease that is a leading cause of death in developed countries. Matrix-metalloproteases (MMPs) are part of the disease process, however, assessing their role in disease initiation and progression has been difficult and animal models have become essential. Combining Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) proteolytic beacons activated in the presence of MMPs with 2-photon microscopy allows for a novel method of evaluating MMP activity within the extracellular matrix (ECM). Single and 2-photon spectra for proteolytic beacons were determined in vitro. Ex vivo experiments using the apolipoprotein E knockout angiotensin II-infused mouse model of aneurysm imaged ECM architecture simultaneously with the MMP-activated FRET beacons. 2-photon spectra of the two-color proteolytic beacons showed peaks for the individual fluorophores that enable imaging of MMP activity through proteolytic cleavage. Ex vivo imaging of the beacons within the ECM revealed both microstructure and MMP activity. 2-photon imaging of the beacons in aneurysmal tissue showed an increase in proteolytic cleavage within the ECM (p<0.001), thus indicating an increase in MMP activity. Our data suggest that FRET-based proteolytic beacons show promise in assessing MMP activity within the ECM and will therefore allow future studies to identify the heterogeneous distribution of simultaneous ECM remodeling and protease activity in aneurysmal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren G. Haskett
- Graduate Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - David Maestas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Stephen J. Howerton
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Tyler Smith
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - D. Catalina Ardila
- Graduate Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Tom Doetschman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Urs Utzinger
- Graduate Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Dominic McGrath
- Graduate Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - J. Oliver McIntyre
- Departments of Radiology and Radiological Sciences and Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jonathan P. Vande Geest
- Graduate Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
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28
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Tie C, Gao K, Zhang N, Zhang S, Shen J, Xie X, Wang JA. Ezetimibe Attenuates Atherosclerosis Associated with Lipid Reduction and Inflammation Inhibition. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142430. [PMID: 26555472 PMCID: PMC4640821 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ezetimibe, as a cholesterol absorption inhibitor, has been shown protecting against atherosclerosis when combined with statin. However, side by side comparison has not been made to evaluate the beneficial effects of ezetimibe alone versus statin. Herein, the study aimed to test whether ezetimibe alone would exhibit similar effects as statin and the combination therapy would be necessary in a moderate lesion size. Methods and Results ApoE-/- male mice that were fed a saturated-fat supplemented diet were randomly assigned to different therapeutic regimens: vehicle, ezetimibe alone (10 mg/kg/day), atorvastatin (20 mg/kg/day) or combination of ezetimibe and atorvastatin through the drinking water. On 28 days, mice were sacrificed and aorta and sera were collected to analyze the atherosclerotic lesion and blood lipid and cholesterol levels. As a result, ezetimibe alone exerted similar protective effects on atherosclerotic lesion sizes as atorvastatin, which was mediated by lowering serum cholesterol concentrations, inhibiting macrophage accumulation in the lesions and reducing circulatory inflammatory cytokines, such as monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α). In contrast to ezetimibe administration, atorvastatin alone attenuated atherosclerotic lesion which is dependent on its anti-inflammation effects. There were no significance differences in lesion areas and serum concentrations of cholesterol, oxidized LDL and inflammatory cytokines between combination therapy and monotherapy (either ezetimibe or atorvastatin). There were significant correlations between the lesion areas and serum concentrations of cholesterol, MCP-1 and TNF-α, respectively. However, there were no significant correlations between the lesion areas and serum concentrations of TGF-β1 and oxLDL. Conclusions Ezetimibe alone played the same protection against a moderate atherosclerotic lesion as atorvastatin, which was associated with lowering serum cholesterol, decreasing circulating inflammatory cytokines, and inhibiting macrophage accumulation in the lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmiao Tie
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Boai Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Kanglu Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Songzhao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jiali Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojie Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (XX); (JW)
| | - Jian-an Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (XX); (JW)
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Trachet B, Fraga-Silva RA, Jacquet PA, Stergiopulos N, Segers P. Incidence, severity, mortality, and confounding factors for dissecting AAA detection in angiotensin II-infused mice: a meta-analysis. Cardiovasc Res 2015; 108:159-70. [PMID: 26307626 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvv215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS While angiotensin II-infused mice are the most popular model for preclinical aneurysm research, representative data on incidence, severity, and mortality of dissecting abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) have never been established, and the influence of confounding factors is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed a meta-analysis including 194 manuscripts representing 1679 saline-infused, 4729 non-treated angiotensin II-infused, and 4057 treated angiotensin II-infused mice. Incidence (60%) and mortality (20%) rates are reported overall as well as for grade I (22%), grade II (26%), grade III (29%), and grade IV (24%) aneurysms. Dissecting AAA incidence was significantly (P < 0.05) influenced by sex, age, genetic background, infusion time, and dose of angiotensin II. Mortality was influenced by sex, genetic background, and dose, but not by age or infusion time. Surprisingly, both incidence and mortality were significantly different (P < 0.05) when comparing angiotensin II-infused mice in descriptive studies (56% incidence and 19% mortality) with angiotensin II-infused mice that served as control animals in treatment studies designed to either enhance (35% incidence and 13% mortality) or reduce (73% incidence and 25% mortality) dissecting AAA formation. After stratification to account for confounding factors (selection bias), the observed effect was still present for incidence, but not for mortality. Possible underlying causes are detection bias (non-uniform definition for detection and quantification of dissecting AAA in mice) or publication bias (studies with negative results, related to incidence in the control group, not being published). CONCLUSIONS Our data provide a new meta-analysis-based reference for incidence and mortality of dissecting AAA in angiotensin II-infused mice, and indicate that treatment studies using this mouse model should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram Trachet
- IBiTech - bioMMeda, Ghent University-iMinds Medical IT, Ghent, Belgium Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rodrigo A Fraga-Silva
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe A Jacquet
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core Facility, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nikolaos Stergiopulos
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Segers
- IBiTech - bioMMeda, Ghent University-iMinds Medical IT, Ghent, Belgium
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30
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Lindeman JHN. The pathophysiologic basis of abdominal aortic aneurysm progression: a critical appraisal. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2015; 13:839-51. [PMID: 26028299 DOI: 10.1586/14779072.2015.1052408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An aneurysm of the abdominal aorta is a common pathology and a major cause of sudden death in the elderly. Currently, abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) can only be treated by surgery and an effective medical therapy is urgently missing. The pathophysiology of AAAs is complex and is believed to be best described as a comprehensive inflammatory response with an accompanying proteolytic imbalance; the latter being held responsible for the progressive weakening of the aortic wall. Remarkably, while interference in inflammatory and/or proteolytic cascades proves highly effective in preclinical studies, emerging clinical studies consistently fail to show a benefit. In fact, some anti-inflammatory interventions appear to adversely influence the disease process. Altogether, recent clinical observations not only challenge the prevailing concepts of AAA progression, but also raise doubt on the translatability of findings from rodent models for growing AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan H N Lindeman
- Department Vascular and Transplant Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
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31
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Trachet B, Fraga-Silva RA, Londono FJ, Swillens A, Stergiopulos N, Segers P. Performance comparison of ultrasound-based methods to assess aortic diameter and stiffness in normal and aneurysmal mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129007. [PMID: 26023786 PMCID: PMC4449181 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Several ultrasound-based methods are currently used to assess aortic diameter, circumferential strain and stiffness in mice, but none of them is flawless and a gold standard is lacking. We aimed to assess the validity and sensitivity of these methods in control animals and animals developing dissecting abdominal aortic aneurysm. METHODS AND RESULTS We first compared systolic and diastolic diameters as well as local circumferential strains obtained in 47 Angiotensin II-infused ApoE(-/-) mice with three different techniques (BMode, short axis MMode, long axis MMode), at two different abdominal aortic locations (supraceliac and paravisceral), and at three different time points of abdominal aneurysm formation (baseline, 14 days and 28 days). We found that short axis BMode was preferred to assess diameters, but should be avoided for strains. Short axis MMode gave good results for diameters but high standard deviations for strains. Long axis MMode should be avoided for diameters, and was comparable to short axis MMode for strains. We then compared pulse wave velocity measurements using global, ultrasound-based transit time or regional, pressure-based transit time in 10 control and 20 angiotensin II-infused, anti-TGF-Beta injected C57BL/6 mice. Both transit-time methods poorly correlated and were not able to detect a significant difference in PWV between controls and aneurysms. However, a combination of invasive pressure and MMode diameter, based on radio-frequency data, detected a highly significant difference in local aortic stiffness between controls and aneurysms, with low standard deviation. CONCLUSIONS In small animal ultrasound the short axis view is preferred over the long axis view to measure aortic diameters, local methods are preferred over transit-time methods to measure aortic stiffness, invasive pressure-diameter data are preferred over non-invasive strains to measure local aortic stiffness, and the use of radiofrequency data improves the accuracy of diameter, strain as well as stiffness measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram Trachet
- IBiTech-bioMMeda, Ghent University-IMinds Medical IT, Ghent, Belgium
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rodrigo A. Fraga-Silva
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Abigaïl Swillens
- IBiTech-bioMMeda, Ghent University-IMinds Medical IT, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nikolaos Stergiopulos
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Segers
- IBiTech-bioMMeda, Ghent University-IMinds Medical IT, Ghent, Belgium
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Kroon AM, Taanman JW. Clonal expansion of T cells in abdominal aortic aneurysm: a role for doxycycline as drug of choice? Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:11178-95. [PMID: 25993290 PMCID: PMC4463695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160511178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Most reported studies with animal models of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and several studies with patients have suggested that doxycycline favourably modifies AAA; however, a recent large long-term clinical trial found that doxycycline did not limit aneurysm growth. Thus, there is currently no convincing evidence that doxycycline reduces AAA expansion. Here, we critically review the available experimental and clinical information about the effects of doxycycline when used as a pharmacological treatment for AAA. The view that AAA can be considered an autoimmune disease and the observation that AAA tissue shows clonal expansion of T cells is placed in the light of the well-known inhibition of mitochondrial protein synthesis by doxycycline. In T cell leukaemia animal models, this inhibitory effect of the antibiotic has been shown to impede T cell proliferation, resulting in complete tumour eradication. We suggest that the available evidence of doxycycline action on AAA is erroneously ascribed to its inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) by competitive binding of the zinc ion co-factor. Although competitive binding may explain the inhibition of proteolytic activity, it does not explain the observed decreases of MMP mRNA levels. We propose that the observed effects of doxycycline are secondary to inhibition of mitochondrial protein synthesis. Provided that serum doxycycline levels are kept at adequate levels, the inhibition will result in a proliferation arrest, especially of clonally expanding T cells. This, in turn, leads to the decrease of proinflammatory cytokines that are normally generated by these cells. The drastic change in cell type composition may explain the changes in MMP mRNA and protein levels in the tissue samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert M Kroon
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK.
| | - Jan-Willem Taanman
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK.
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Lu H, Daugherty A. Mechanisms of the Renin Angiotensin System Influencing Atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118828533.ch17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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34
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Webb NR, De Beer MC, Wroblewski JM, Ji A, Bailey W, Shridas P, Charnigo RJ, Noffsinger VP, Witta J, Howatt DA, Balakrishnan A, Rateri DL, Daugherty A, De Beer FC. Deficiency of Endogenous Acute-Phase Serum Amyloid A Protects apoE-/- Mice From Angiotensin II-Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Formation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:1156-65. [PMID: 25745063 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.304776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), a major cause of death in the aged population, is characterized by vascular inflammation and matrix degradation. Serum amyloid A (SAA), an acute-phase reactant linked to inflammation and matrix metalloproteinase induction, correlates with aortic dimensions before aneurysm formation in humans. We investigated whether SAA deficiency in mice affects AAA formation during angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion. APPROACH AND RESULTS Plasma SAA increased ≈60-fold in apoE(-/-) mice 24 hours after intraperitoneal Ang II injection (100 μg/kg; n=4) and ≈15-fold after chronic 28-day Ang II infusion (1000 ng/kg per minute; n=9). AAA incidence and severity after 28-day Ang II infusion was significantly reduced in apoE(-/-) mice lacking both acute-phase SAA isoforms (SAAKO; n=20) compared with apoE(-/-) mice (SAAWT; n=20) as assessed by in vivo ultrasound and ex vivo morphometric analyses, despite a significant increase in systolic blood pressure in SAAKO mice compared with SAAWT mice after Ang II infusion. Atherosclerotic lesion area of the aortic arch was similar in SAAKO and SAAWT mice after 28-day Ang II infusion. Immunostaining detected SAA in AAA tissues of Ang II-infused SAAWT mice that colocalized with macrophages, elastin breaks, and enhanced matrix metalloproteinase activity. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity was significantly lower in aortas of SAAKO mice compared with SAAWT mice after 10-day Ang II infusion. CONCLUSIONS Lack of endogenous acute-phase SAA protects against experimental AAA through a mechanism that may involve reduced matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy R Webb
- From the Departments of Pharmacology Division of Nutritional Sciences (N.R.W.), Physiology (M.C.D.B.) and Internal Medicine (J.M.W., A.J., W.B., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (N.R.W., M.C.D.B., J.M.W., A.J., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Departments of Statistics and Biostatistics (R.J.C.), University of Kentucky, Lexington; and Foundation Gastroenterology, Nashua, NH (J.W.).
| | - Maria C De Beer
- From the Departments of Pharmacology Division of Nutritional Sciences (N.R.W.), Physiology (M.C.D.B.) and Internal Medicine (J.M.W., A.J., W.B., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (N.R.W., M.C.D.B., J.M.W., A.J., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Departments of Statistics and Biostatistics (R.J.C.), University of Kentucky, Lexington; and Foundation Gastroenterology, Nashua, NH (J.W.)
| | - Joanne M Wroblewski
- From the Departments of Pharmacology Division of Nutritional Sciences (N.R.W.), Physiology (M.C.D.B.) and Internal Medicine (J.M.W., A.J., W.B., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (N.R.W., M.C.D.B., J.M.W., A.J., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Departments of Statistics and Biostatistics (R.J.C.), University of Kentucky, Lexington; and Foundation Gastroenterology, Nashua, NH (J.W.)
| | - Ailing Ji
- From the Departments of Pharmacology Division of Nutritional Sciences (N.R.W.), Physiology (M.C.D.B.) and Internal Medicine (J.M.W., A.J., W.B., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (N.R.W., M.C.D.B., J.M.W., A.J., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Departments of Statistics and Biostatistics (R.J.C.), University of Kentucky, Lexington; and Foundation Gastroenterology, Nashua, NH (J.W.)
| | - William Bailey
- From the Departments of Pharmacology Division of Nutritional Sciences (N.R.W.), Physiology (M.C.D.B.) and Internal Medicine (J.M.W., A.J., W.B., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (N.R.W., M.C.D.B., J.M.W., A.J., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Departments of Statistics and Biostatistics (R.J.C.), University of Kentucky, Lexington; and Foundation Gastroenterology, Nashua, NH (J.W.)
| | - Preetha Shridas
- From the Departments of Pharmacology Division of Nutritional Sciences (N.R.W.), Physiology (M.C.D.B.) and Internal Medicine (J.M.W., A.J., W.B., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (N.R.W., M.C.D.B., J.M.W., A.J., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Departments of Statistics and Biostatistics (R.J.C.), University of Kentucky, Lexington; and Foundation Gastroenterology, Nashua, NH (J.W.)
| | - Richard J Charnigo
- From the Departments of Pharmacology Division of Nutritional Sciences (N.R.W.), Physiology (M.C.D.B.) and Internal Medicine (J.M.W., A.J., W.B., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (N.R.W., M.C.D.B., J.M.W., A.J., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Departments of Statistics and Biostatistics (R.J.C.), University of Kentucky, Lexington; and Foundation Gastroenterology, Nashua, NH (J.W.)
| | - Victoria P Noffsinger
- From the Departments of Pharmacology Division of Nutritional Sciences (N.R.W.), Physiology (M.C.D.B.) and Internal Medicine (J.M.W., A.J., W.B., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (N.R.W., M.C.D.B., J.M.W., A.J., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Departments of Statistics and Biostatistics (R.J.C.), University of Kentucky, Lexington; and Foundation Gastroenterology, Nashua, NH (J.W.)
| | - Jassir Witta
- From the Departments of Pharmacology Division of Nutritional Sciences (N.R.W.), Physiology (M.C.D.B.) and Internal Medicine (J.M.W., A.J., W.B., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (N.R.W., M.C.D.B., J.M.W., A.J., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Departments of Statistics and Biostatistics (R.J.C.), University of Kentucky, Lexington; and Foundation Gastroenterology, Nashua, NH (J.W.)
| | - Deborah A Howatt
- From the Departments of Pharmacology Division of Nutritional Sciences (N.R.W.), Physiology (M.C.D.B.) and Internal Medicine (J.M.W., A.J., W.B., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (N.R.W., M.C.D.B., J.M.W., A.J., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Departments of Statistics and Biostatistics (R.J.C.), University of Kentucky, Lexington; and Foundation Gastroenterology, Nashua, NH (J.W.)
| | - Anju Balakrishnan
- From the Departments of Pharmacology Division of Nutritional Sciences (N.R.W.), Physiology (M.C.D.B.) and Internal Medicine (J.M.W., A.J., W.B., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (N.R.W., M.C.D.B., J.M.W., A.J., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Departments of Statistics and Biostatistics (R.J.C.), University of Kentucky, Lexington; and Foundation Gastroenterology, Nashua, NH (J.W.)
| | - Debra L Rateri
- From the Departments of Pharmacology Division of Nutritional Sciences (N.R.W.), Physiology (M.C.D.B.) and Internal Medicine (J.M.W., A.J., W.B., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (N.R.W., M.C.D.B., J.M.W., A.J., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Departments of Statistics and Biostatistics (R.J.C.), University of Kentucky, Lexington; and Foundation Gastroenterology, Nashua, NH (J.W.)
| | - Alan Daugherty
- From the Departments of Pharmacology Division of Nutritional Sciences (N.R.W.), Physiology (M.C.D.B.) and Internal Medicine (J.M.W., A.J., W.B., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (N.R.W., M.C.D.B., J.M.W., A.J., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Departments of Statistics and Biostatistics (R.J.C.), University of Kentucky, Lexington; and Foundation Gastroenterology, Nashua, NH (J.W.)
| | - Frederick C De Beer
- From the Departments of Pharmacology Division of Nutritional Sciences (N.R.W.), Physiology (M.C.D.B.) and Internal Medicine (J.M.W., A.J., W.B., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (N.R.W., M.C.D.B., J.M.W., A.J., P.S., V.P.N., D.A.H., A.B., D.L.R., A.D., F.C.D.B.), and Departments of Statistics and Biostatistics (R.J.C.), University of Kentucky, Lexington; and Foundation Gastroenterology, Nashua, NH (J.W.)
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Mata KM, Tefé-Silva C, Floriano EM, Fernandes CR, Rizzi E, Gerlach RF, Mazzuca MQ, Ramos SG. Interference of doxycycline pretreatment in a model of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Cardiovasc Pathol 2014; 24:110-20. [PMID: 25466491 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is characterized by chronic inflammation and degradation of the extracellular matrix, mediated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Doxycycline has been reported to control the progression of AAA by regulation of MMP. We hypothesized that doxycycline pretreatment in a rat model of AAA would cause reduction in gelatinolytic activity of MMP-2 and -9 and the inflammatory response in the wall of an aneurysm, consequently decreasing the formation and development of AAAs. METHODS Male Wistar rats were divided into the following four groups: aneurysm (A); control (C); aneurysm+doxycycline (A+D) and control+doxycycline (C+D), with 24 animals per group subdivided into n=6 animals at different time points [1, 3, 7, and 15 days postsurgery (dps)]. The (A) and (A+D) groups simultaneously received the injury and extrinsic stenosis of the aortic wall. The (C) and (C+D) groups received sham operation. The treated animals received doxycycline via gavage (30 mg/kg/day) from 48 h before surgery until the end of experiment. At 1, 3, 7, and 15 dps, the animals were euthanized, and the aortas were collected for morphological analyses, immunohistochemistry, and zymography. RESULTS The animals from the (A) group developed AAAs. However, the animals treated with doxycycline showed a 85% decrease in AAA development, which was associated with a large reduction in gelatinolytic activity of MMP-2 and -9, and decreased inflammatory response (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that pretreatment with doxycycline before surgery inhibited the activity of MMP-2 and -9, as well as the inflammatory response, and may play an important role in the prevention of the development of AAAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina M Mata
- Department of Pathology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Tefé-Silva
- Department of Pathology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elaine M Floriano
- Department of Pathology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cleverson R Fernandes
- Department of Pathology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elen Rizzi
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel F Gerlach
- Department of Morphology and Physiology, Dental School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marc Q Mazzuca
- Department of Pathology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Simone G Ramos
- Department of Pathology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Cheng J, Koenig SN, Kuivaniemi HS, Garg V, Hans CP. Pharmacological inhibitor of notch signaling stabilizes the progression of small abdominal aortic aneurysm in a mouse model. J Am Heart Assoc 2014; 3:e001064. [PMID: 25349182 PMCID: PMC4338693 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.114.001064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background The progression of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) involves a sustained influx of proinflammatory macrophages, which exacerbate tissue injury by releasing cytokines, chemokines, and matrix metalloproteinases. Previously, we showed that Notch deficiency reduces the development of AAA in the angiotensin II–induced mouse model by preventing infiltration of macrophages. Here, we examined whether Notch inhibition in this mouse model prevents progression of small AAA and whether these effects are associated with altered macrophage differentiation. Methods and Results Treatment with pharmacological Notch inhibitor (DAPT [N‐(N‐[3,5‐difluorophenacetyl]‐L‐alanyl)‐S‐phenylglycine t‐butyl ester]) at day 3 or 8 of angiotensin II infusion arrested the progression of AAA in Apoe−/− mice, as demonstrated by a decreased luminal diameter and aortic width. The abdominal aortas of Apoe−/− mice treated with DAPT showed decreased expression of matrix metalloproteinases and presence of elastin precursors including tropoelastin and hyaluronic acid. Marginal adventitial thickening observed in the aorta of DAPT‐treated Apoe−/− mice was not associated with increased macrophage content, as observed in the mice treated with angiotensin II alone. Instead, DAPT‐treated abdominal aortas showed increased expression of Cd206‐positive M2 macrophages and decreased expression of Il12‐positive M1 macrophages. Notch1 deficiency promoted M2 differentiation of macrophages by upregulating transforming growth factor β2 in bone marrow–derived macrophages at basal levels and in response to IL4. Protein expression of transforming growth factor β2 and its downstream effector pSmad2 also increased in DAPT‐treated Apoe−/− mice, indicating a potential link between Notch and transforming growth factor β2 signaling in the M2 differentiation of macrophages. Conclusions Pharmacological inhibitor of Notch signaling prevents the progression of AAA by macrophage differentiation–dependent mechanisms. The study also provides insights for novel therapeutic strategies to prevent the progression of small AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeeyun Cheng
- Center for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (J.C., S.N.K., V.G., C.P.H.)
| | - Sara N Koenig
- Center for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (J.C., S.N.K., V.G., C.P.H.)
| | - Helena S Kuivaniemi
- The Sigfried and Janet Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA (H.S.K.)
| | - Vidu Garg
- Center for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (J.C., S.N.K., V.G., C.P.H.) Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (V.G., C.P.H.) Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (V.G.)
| | - Chetan P Hans
- Center for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (J.C., S.N.K., V.G., C.P.H.) Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (V.G., C.P.H.)
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Rouer M, Xu BH, Xuan HJ, Tanaka H, Fujimura N, Glover KJ, Furusho Y, Gerritsen M, Dalman RL. Rapamycin limits the growth of established experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2014; 47:493-500. [PMID: 24629569 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting 4-8% of men older than 60 years. No pharmacologic strategies limit disease progression, aneurysm rupture, or aneurysm-related death. We examined the ability of rapamycin to limit the progression of established experimental AAAs. METHODS AAAs were created in 10-12-week-old male C57BL/6J mice via the porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) infusion method. Beginning 4 days after PPE infusion, mice were treated with rapamycin (5 mg/kg/day) or an equal volume of vehicle for 10 days. AAA progression was monitored by serial ultrasound examination. Aortae were harvested for histological analyses at sacrifice. RESULTS Three days after PPE infusion, prior to vehicle or rapamycin treatment, aneurysms were enlarging at an equal rate between groups. In the rapamycin group, treatment reduced aortic enlargement by 38%, and 53% at 3 and 10 days, respectively. On histological analysis, medial elastin and smooth muscle cell populations were relatively preserved in the rapamycin group. Rapamycin treatment also reduced mural macrophage density and neoangiogenesis. CONCLUSION Rapamycin limits the progression of established experimental aneurysms, increasing the translational potential of mechanistic target of rapamycin-related AAA inhibition strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rouer
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - B H Xu
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - H J Xuan
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - H Tanaka
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - N Fujimura
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - K J Glover
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Y Furusho
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - M Gerritsen
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - R L Dalman
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Zhang X, Thatcher S, Wu C, Daugherty A, Cassis LA. Castration of male mice prevents the progression of established angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysms. J Vasc Surg 2014; 61:767-76. [PMID: 24439319 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Male sex is a nonmodifiable risk factor for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) development. Similar to humans, male mice are more susceptible to angiotensin II (AngII)-induced AAAs than female mice. Previous studies demonstrated that castration of males markedly reduced the formation of AngII-induced AAAs. Progression of AAA size is associated with increased risk of aneurysm rupture. In this study, we hypothesized that castration of male mice would reduce the progression of established AngII-induced AAAs. METHODS Male apolipoprotein E-deficient mice were infused with AngII for 1 month to induce AAA formation. Aortic diameters were measured by ultrasound imaging, and mice were stratified into two groups that underwent a sham operation or castration. AngII infusions were continued for a further 2 months. Ultrasound imaging was used to quantify lumen diameters, and excised aortas were processed for quantification of AAA size, volume, and tissue characteristics. RESULTS Sham-operated mice exhibited progressive dilation of suprarenal aortic lumen diameters during the continued AngII infusion. Aortic lumen diameters were significantly decreased in castrated mice (n = 17) compared with sham-operated mice (n = 15) at study end point (1.63 ± 0.04 vs 1.88 ± 0.05 mm; P < .05). However, maximal external AAA diameters were not significantly different between sham-operated and castrated mice. The vascular volume/lumen volume ratio of excised AAAs imaged by ultrasound was significantly increased by castration (9.5% ± 2.0%) vs sham operation (4.8% ± 0.9%; n = 11 per group; P < .05). Moreover, compared with the thin-walled AAAs of sham-operated mice, aneurysm sections from castrated mice exhibited increased smooth muscle α-actin and collagen. CONCLUSIONS Removal of endogenous male hormones by castration selectively reduces aortic lumen expansion while not altering the external AAA dimensions. CLINICAL RELEVANCE There are no therapeutics that slow the progression of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs), and as the size of an AAA increases, so does the risk of rupture and death. Male sex is a nonmodifiable risk factor for AAA development, but whether male sex hormones have a similar effect on AAA progression is unclear. Removal of male sex hormones in an established mouse model of angiotensin II-induced AAAs resulted in reduced progressive lumen dilation while not altering external AAA dimensions. Therapies that limit androgen action may provide benefit against AAA progression. Alternatively, supplemental testosterone may be contraindicated in men diagnosed with an AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- Graduate Center for Toxicology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
| | - Sean Thatcher
- Graduate Center for Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
| | - Congqing Wu
- Graduate Center for Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
| | - Alan Daugherty
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
| | - Lisa A Cassis
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Pharmacology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky.
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Malekzadeh S, Fraga-Silva RA, Trachet B, Montecucco F, Mach F, Stergiopulos N. Role of the renin-angiotensin system on abdominal aortic aneurysms. Eur J Clin Invest 2013; 43:1328-38. [PMID: 24138426 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a complex degenerative disease, which leads to morbidity and mortality in a large portion of the elderly population. Current treatment options for AAA are quite limited as there is no proven indication for pharmacological therapy and surgery is recommended for AAA larger than 5·5 cm in luminal diameter. Thus, there is a great need to elucidate the underlying pathophysiological cellular and molecular mechanisms to develop effective therapies. In this narrative review, we will discuss recent findings concerning some potential molecular and clinical aspects of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in AAA pathophysiology. MATERIALS AND METHODS This narrative review is based on the material found on MEDLINE and PubMed up to April 2013. We looked for the terms 'angiotensin, AT1 receptor, ACE inhibitors' in combination with 'abdominal aortic aneurysm, pathophysiology, pathways'. RESULTS Several basic research and clinical studies have recently investigated the role of the RAS in AAA. In particular, the subcutaneous infusion of Angiotensin II has been shown to induce AAA in Apo56 knockout mice. On the other hand, the pharmacological treatments targeting this system have been shown as beneficial in AAA patients. CONCLUSIONS Emerging evidence suggests that RAS may act as a molecular and therapeutic target for treating AAA. However, several issues on the role of RAS and the protective activities of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and Angiotensin 1 receptors blockers against AAA require further clarifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonaz Malekzadeh
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Marinković G, Hibender S, Hoogenboezem M, van Broekhoven A, Girigorie AF, Bleeker N, Hamers AA, Stap J, van Buul JD, de Vries CJ, de Waard V. Immunosuppressive Drug Azathioprine Reduces Aneurysm Progression Through Inhibition of Rac1 and c-Jun-Terminal-N-Kinase in Endothelial Cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013; 33:2380-8. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.113.301394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Goran Marinković
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry (G.M., S.H., A.v.B., A.F.G., N.B., A.A.J.H., C.J.M.d.V., V.d.W.), Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory (M.H., J.D.v.B.), and Department of Cell Biology and Histology (J.S.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stijntje Hibender
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry (G.M., S.H., A.v.B., A.F.G., N.B., A.A.J.H., C.J.M.d.V., V.d.W.), Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory (M.H., J.D.v.B.), and Department of Cell Biology and Histology (J.S.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Hoogenboezem
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry (G.M., S.H., A.v.B., A.F.G., N.B., A.A.J.H., C.J.M.d.V., V.d.W.), Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory (M.H., J.D.v.B.), and Department of Cell Biology and Histology (J.S.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Amber van Broekhoven
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry (G.M., S.H., A.v.B., A.F.G., N.B., A.A.J.H., C.J.M.d.V., V.d.W.), Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory (M.H., J.D.v.B.), and Department of Cell Biology and Histology (J.S.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arginell F. Girigorie
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry (G.M., S.H., A.v.B., A.F.G., N.B., A.A.J.H., C.J.M.d.V., V.d.W.), Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory (M.H., J.D.v.B.), and Department of Cell Biology and Histology (J.S.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Natascha Bleeker
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry (G.M., S.H., A.v.B., A.F.G., N.B., A.A.J.H., C.J.M.d.V., V.d.W.), Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory (M.H., J.D.v.B.), and Department of Cell Biology and Histology (J.S.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anouk A.J. Hamers
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry (G.M., S.H., A.v.B., A.F.G., N.B., A.A.J.H., C.J.M.d.V., V.d.W.), Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory (M.H., J.D.v.B.), and Department of Cell Biology and Histology (J.S.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Stap
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry (G.M., S.H., A.v.B., A.F.G., N.B., A.A.J.H., C.J.M.d.V., V.d.W.), Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory (M.H., J.D.v.B.), and Department of Cell Biology and Histology (J.S.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap D. van Buul
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry (G.M., S.H., A.v.B., A.F.G., N.B., A.A.J.H., C.J.M.d.V., V.d.W.), Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory (M.H., J.D.v.B.), and Department of Cell Biology and Histology (J.S.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carlie J.M. de Vries
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry (G.M., S.H., A.v.B., A.F.G., N.B., A.A.J.H., C.J.M.d.V., V.d.W.), Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory (M.H., J.D.v.B.), and Department of Cell Biology and Histology (J.S.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vivian de Waard
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry (G.M., S.H., A.v.B., A.F.G., N.B., A.A.J.H., C.J.M.d.V., V.d.W.), Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory (M.H., J.D.v.B.), and Department of Cell Biology and Histology (J.S.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Molecular imaging of experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms. ScientificWorldJournal 2013; 2013:973150. [PMID: 23737735 PMCID: PMC3655677 DOI: 10.1155/2013/973150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Current laboratory research in the field of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) disease often utilizes small animal experimental models induced by genetic manipulation or chemical application. This has led to the use and development of multiple high-resolution molecular imaging modalities capable of tracking disease progression, quantifying the role of inflammation, and evaluating the effects of potential therapeutics. In vivo imaging reduces the number of research animals used, provides molecular and cellular information, and allows for longitudinal studies, a necessity when tracking vessel expansion in a single animal. This review outlines developments of both established and emerging molecular imaging techniques used to study AAA disease. Beyond the typical modalities used for anatomical imaging, which include ultrasound (US) and computed tomography (CT), previous molecular imaging efforts have used magnetic resonance (MR), near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF), bioluminescence, single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and positron emission tomography (PET). Mouse and rat AAA models will hopefully provide insight into potential disease mechanisms, and the development of advanced molecular imaging techniques, if clinically useful, may have translational potential. These efforts could help improve the management of aneurysms and better evaluate the therapeutic potential of new treatments for human AAA disease.
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