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Antony F, Kinha D, Nowińska A, Rouse BT, Suryawanshi A. The immunobiology of corneal HSV-1 infection and herpetic stromal keratitis. Clin Microbiol Rev 2024; 37:e0000624. [PMID: 39078136 PMCID: PMC11391706 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00006-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYHuman alphaherpesvirus 1 (HSV-1) is a highly successful neurotropic pathogen that primarily infects the epithelial cells lining the orofacial mucosa. After primary lytic replication in the oral, ocular, and nasal mucosal epithelial cells, HSV-1 establishes life-long latency in neurons within the trigeminal ganglion. Patients with compromised immune systems experience frequent reactivation of HSV-1 from latency, leading to virus entry in the sensory neurons, followed by anterograde transport and lytic replication at the innervated mucosal epithelial surface. Although recurrent infection of the corneal mucosal surface is rare, it can result in a chronic immuno-inflammatory condition called herpetic stromal keratitis (HSK). HSK leads to gradual vision loss and can cause permanent blindness in severe untreated cases. Currently, there is no cure or successful vaccine to prevent latent or recurrent HSV-1 infections, posing a significant clinical challenge to managing HSK and preventing vision loss. The conventional clinical management of HSK primarily relies on anti-virals to suppress HSV-1 replication, anti-inflammatory drugs (such as corticosteroids) to provide symptomatic relief from pain and inflammation, and surgical interventions in more severe cases to replace damaged cornea. However, each clinical treatment strategy has limitations, such as local and systemic drug toxicities and the emergence of anti-viral-resistant HSV-1 strains. In this review, we summarize the factors and immune cells involved in HSK pathogenesis and highlight alternate therapeutic strategies for successful clinical management of HSK. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of immunoregulatory cytokines and immunometabolism modulators as promising HSK therapies against emerging anti-viral-resistant HSV-1 strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferrin Antony
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Divya Kinha
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Anna Nowińska
- Clinical Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
- Ophthalmology Department, Railway Hospital in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Barry T Rouse
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Amol Suryawanshi
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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Krushna BRR, Manjunatha K, Wu SY, Sivaganesh D, Sharma SC, Sridhar C, Joy FD, Ramesha H, Prakash Dalbanjan N, Devaraju KS, Nagabhushana H. Ultrasound-driven facile fabrication of Pd doped SnO 2 hierarchical superstructures: Structural, growth mechanism, dermatoglyphics, and anti-cancer activity. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 160:213855. [PMID: 38643692 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
This research introduces a novel method that leverages Spirulina extract (S.E) as a bio-surfactant in the ultrasound-assisted synthesis (UAS) of Pd3+ (0.25-10 mol%) doped tin oxide (SnO2) self-assembled superstructures. Nanotechnology has witnessed significant advancements in recent years, driven by the exploration of novel synthesis methods and the development of advanced nanomaterials tailored for specific applications. Metal oxide nanoparticles, particularly SnO2, have garnered considerable attention due to their versatile properties and potential applications in various fields, including gas sensing, catalysis, and biomedical engineering. The study explores how varying influential parameters like S.E concentration, sonication time, pH, and sonication power can influence the resulting superstructures' morphology, size, and shape. A theoretical model for forming different hierarchical superstructures (HS) is proposed. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms the crystalline tetragonal rutile phase of the SnO2:Pd HS. Raman spectroscopy reveals a red shift in the A1g mode, indicating phonon confinement due to various defects in the SnO2 structure. Further characterization using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) provides insights into particle size, surface morphology, elemental composition, and binding energy. The study also demonstrates the application of optimized SnO2:3Pd HS in developing latent fingerprints (LFPs) on different surfaces using a simple powder dusting (PD) method, with the fingerprints (FPs) visualized under normal light. A mathematical model developed in Python-based software is used to analyze various features of the developed FPs, including pore properties such as number, position, inter-spacing, area, and shape. Additionally, an in vitro MTT assay shows concentration-dependent anticancer activity of SnO2:3Pd nanoparticles (NPs) on MCF7 cell lines, highlighting their potential as a promising cancer treatment option. Overall, the study suggests that the optimized HS can serve as multifunctional platforms for biomedical and dermatoglyphics applications, demonstrating the versatility and potential of the synthesized materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R Radha Krushna
- Prof. C.N.R. Rao Centre for Advanced Materials, Tumkur University, Tumkur 572 103, India
| | - K Manjunatha
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan.
| | - Sheng Yun Wu
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan.
| | - D Sivaganesh
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, Mira str., Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - S C Sharma
- Honorary Professor of Law and Forensic Materials, Jain University, Bangalore-562112, India
| | - C Sridhar
- Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600078, India
| | - Fr Deepu Joy
- Department of Life Sciences, Kristu Jayanti College, Autonomous, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560077, India
| | - H Ramesha
- Department of Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India
| | | | - K S Devaraju
- Department of Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India
| | - H Nagabhushana
- Prof. C.N.R. Rao Centre for Advanced Materials, Tumkur University, Tumkur 572 103, India.
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Rahman A, Roy KJ, Deb GK, Ha T, Rahman S, Aktar MK, Ali MI, Kafi MA, Choi JW. Nano-Enabled Antivirals for Overcoming Antibody Escaped Mutations Based SARS-CoV-2 Waves. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13130. [PMID: 37685938 PMCID: PMC10488153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This review discusses receptor-binding domain (RBD) mutations related to the emergence of various SARS-CoV-2 variants, which have been highlighted as a major cause of repetitive clinical waves of COVID-19. Our perusal of the literature reveals that most variants were able to escape neutralizing antibodies developed after immunization or natural exposure, pointing to the need for a sustainable technological solution to overcome this crisis. This review, therefore, focuses on nanotechnology and the development of antiviral nanomaterials with physical antagonistic features of viral replication checkpoints as such a solution. Our detailed discussion of SARS-CoV-2 replication and pathogenesis highlights four distinct checkpoints, the S protein (ACE2 receptor coupling), the RBD motif (ACE2 receptor coupling), ACE2 coupling, and the S protein cleavage site, as targets for the development of nano-enabled solutions that, for example, prevent viral attachment and fusion with the host cell by either blocking viral RBD/spike proteins or cellular ACE2 receptors. As proof of this concept, we highlight applications of several nanomaterials, such as metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, carbon-based nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, fullerene, carbon dots, quantum dots, polymeric nanoparticles, lipid-based, polymer-based, lipid-polymer hybrid-based, surface-modified nanoparticles that have already been employed to control viral infections. These nanoparticles were developed to inhibit receptor-mediated host-virus attachments and cell fusion, the uncoating of the virus, viral gene expression, protein synthesis, the assembly of progeny viral particles, and the release of the virion. Moreover, nanomaterials have been used as antiviral drug carriers and vaccines, and nano-enabled sensors have already been shown to enable fast, sensitive, and label-free real-time diagnosis of viral infections. Nano-biosensors could, therefore, also be useful in the remote testing and tracking of patients, while nanocarriers probed with target tissue could facilitate the targeted delivery of antiviral drugs to infected cells, tissues, organs, or systems while avoiding unwanted exposure of non-target tissues. Antiviral nanoparticles can also be applied to sanitizers, clothing, facemasks, and other personal protective equipment to minimize horizontal spread. We believe that the nanotechnology-enabled solutions described in this review will enable us to control repeated SAR-CoV-2 waves caused by antibody escape mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aminur Rahman
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.R.); (K.J.R.); (S.R.); (M.K.A.); (M.I.A.)
| | - Kumar Jyotirmoy Roy
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.R.); (K.J.R.); (S.R.); (M.K.A.); (M.I.A.)
| | - Gautam Kumar Deb
- Department of Biotechnology, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Dhaka 1341, Bangladesh;
| | - Taehyeong Ha
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea;
| | - Saifur Rahman
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.R.); (K.J.R.); (S.R.); (M.K.A.); (M.I.A.)
| | - Mst. Khudishta Aktar
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.R.); (K.J.R.); (S.R.); (M.K.A.); (M.I.A.)
| | - Md. Isahak Ali
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.R.); (K.J.R.); (S.R.); (M.K.A.); (M.I.A.)
| | - Md. Abdul Kafi
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.R.); (K.J.R.); (S.R.); (M.K.A.); (M.I.A.)
| | - Jeong-Woo Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea;
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Goharshadi EK, Goharshadi K, Moghayedi M. The use of nanotechnology in the fight against viruses: A critical review. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Tiwari AK, Mishra A, Pandey G, Gupta MK, Pandey PC. Nanotechnology: A Potential Weapon to Fight against COVID-19. PARTICLE & PARTICLE SYSTEMS CHARACTERIZATION : MEASUREMENT AND DESCRIPTION OF PARTICLE PROPERTIES AND BEHAVIOR IN POWDERS AND OTHER DISPERSE SYSTEMS 2022; 39:2100159. [PMID: 35440846 PMCID: PMC9011707 DOI: 10.1002/ppsc.202100159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 infections have posed an unprecedented global health emergency, with nearly three million deaths to date, and have caused substantial economic loss globally. Hence, an urgent exploration of effective and safe diagnostic/therapeutic approaches for minimizing the threat of this highly pathogenic coronavirus infection is needed. As an alternative to conventional diagnosis and antiviral agents, nanomaterials have a great potential to cope with the current or even future health emergency situation with a wide range of applications. Fundamentally, nanomaterials are physically and chemically tunable and can be employed for the next generation nanomaterial-based detection of viral antigens and host antibodies in body fluids as antiviral agents, nanovaccine, suppressant of cytokine storm, nanocarrier for efficient delivery of antiviral drugs at infection site or inside the host cells, and can also be a significant tool for better understanding of the gut microbiome and SARS-CoV-2 interaction. The applicability of nanomaterial-based therapeutic options to cope with the current and possible future pandemic is discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul K. Tiwari
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology (BHU)VaranasiUttar Pradesh221005India
| | - Anupa Mishra
- Department of MicrobiologyDr. R.M.L. Awadh UniversityAyodhyaUttar Pradesh224001India
- Department of MicrobiologySri Raghukul Mahila Vidya PeethCivil Line GondaUttar Pradesh271001India
| | - Govind Pandey
- Department of PaediatricsKing George Medical UniversityLucknowUttar Pradesh226003India
| | - Munesh K. Gupta
- Department of MicrobiologyInstitute of Medical SciencesBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasiUttar Pradesh221005India
| | - Prem C. Pandey
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology (BHU)VaranasiUttar Pradesh221005India
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Deng W, Sun Y, Yao X, Subramanian K, Ling C, Wang H, Chopra SS, Xu BB, Wang J, Chen J, Wang D, Amancio H, Pramana S, Ye R, Wang S. Masks for COVID-19. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2102189. [PMID: 34825783 PMCID: PMC8787406 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable solutions on fabricating and using a face mask to block the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spread during this coronavirus pandemic of 2019 (COVID-19) are required as society is directed by the World Health Organization (WHO) toward wearing it, resulting in an increasingly huge demand with over 4 000 000 000 masks used per day globally. Herein, various new mask technologies and advanced materials are reviewed to deal with critical shortages, cross-infection, and secondary transmission risk of masks. A number of countries have used cloth masks and 3D-printed masks as substitutes, whose filtration efficiencies can be improved by using nanofibers or mixing other polymers into them. Since 2020, researchers continue to improve the performance of masks by adding various functionalities, for example using metal nanoparticles and herbal extracts to inactivate pathogens, using graphene to make masks photothermal and superhydrophobic, and using triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) to prolong mask lifetime. The recent advances in material technology have led to the development of antimicrobial coatings, which are introduced in this review. When incorporated into masks, these advanced materials and technologies can aid in the prevention of secondary transmission of the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Deng
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringCity University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
| | - Yajun Sun
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringCity University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
| | - Xiaoxue Yao
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringCity University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
| | - Karpagam Subramanian
- School of Energy and EnvironmentCity University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
| | - Chen Ling
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringCity University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringCity University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
| | - Shauhrat S. Chopra
- School of Energy and EnvironmentCity University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
| | - Ben Bin Xu
- Department of Mechanical and Construction EngineeringNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE1 8STUK
| | - Jie‐Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
| | - Jian‐Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
| | - Dan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
| | - Honeyfer Amancio
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyCambridge UniversityCambridgeCB2 1TNUK
| | - Stevin Pramana
- School of EngineeringNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE1 7RUUK
| | - Ruquan Ye
- Department of ChemistryCity University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
| | - Steven Wang
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringCity University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
- School of Energy and EnvironmentCity University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
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Pattnaik S, Chaudhury B, Mohapatra M. Exploration of Inorganic Materials with Antiviral Properties. MATERIALS HORIZONS: FROM NATURE TO NANOMATERIALS 2022:53-74. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-4372-9_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2023]
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8
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Eloffy MG, El-Sherif DM, Abouzid M, Elkodous MA, El-nakhas HS, Sadek RF, Ghorab MA, Al-Anazi A, El-Sayyad GS. Proposed approaches for coronaviruses elimination from wastewater: Membrane techniques and nanotechnology solutions. NANOTECHNOLOGY REVIEWS 2021; 11:1-25. [DOI: 10.1515/ntrev-2022-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Since the beginning of the third Millennium, specifically during the last 18 years, three outbreaks of diseases have been recorded caused by coronaviruses (CoVs). The latest outbreak of these diseases was Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has been declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a pandemic. For this reason, current efforts of the environmental, epidemiology scientists, engineers, and water sector professionals are ongoing to detect CoV in environmental components, especially water, and assess the relative risk of exposure to these systems and any measures needed to protect the public health, workers, and public, in general. This review presents a brief overview of CoV in water, wastewater, and surface water based on a literature search providing different solutions to keep water protected from CoV. Membrane techniques are very attractive solutions for virus elimination in water. In addition, another essential solution is nanotechnology and its applications in the detection and protection of human and water systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. G. Eloffy
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Dina M. El-Sherif
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abouzid
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences , 6 Święcickiego Street , 60-781 Poznan , Poland
| | - Mohamed Abd Elkodous
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology , Toyohashi , Aichi 441-8580 , Japan
| | | | - Rawia F. Sadek
- Chemical Maintenance Unit, Experimental Training Research Reactor Number two (ETRR-2), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA) , P.O. Box 13759 , Cairo , Egypt
- Drug Radiation Research Department, Drug Microbiology Laboratory, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA) , P.O. Box 13759 , Nasr City, Cairo , Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Ghorab
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention (OCSPP), Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP) , Washington , DC , USA
- Department of Animal Science, Wildlife Toxicology Laboratory, Institute for Integrative Toxicology (IIT), Michigan State University , East Lansing , MI 48824 , USA
| | - Abdulaziz Al-Anazi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering King Saud University (KSU) , P.O. Box 800 , Riyadh 11421 , Saudi
| | - Gharieb S. El-Sayyad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University , New Galala city , Suez , Egypt
- Drug Radiation Research Department, Drug Microbiology Laboratory, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA) , P.O. Box 29 , Nasr City, Cairo , Egypt
- Chemical Engineering Department, Military Technical College (MTC), Egyptian Armed Forces , Cairo , Egypt
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Huang Y, Song Y, Li J, Lv C, Chen ZS, Liu Z. Receptors and ligands for herpes simplex viruses: Novel insights for drug targeting. Drug Discov Today 2021; 27:185-195. [PMID: 34678489 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Human herpes simplex viruses (HSVs) belong to the Herpesviridae family. At present, no vaccine or curative treatment is available for the prevention of HSV infections. Here, we review the cell surface receptors that are recognized by HSV's glycoprotein B, glycoprotein C, glycoprotein D, and the glycoprotein H - glycoprotein L complex to facilitate entry into host cells. These receptors include heparan sulfate (HS), herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM), and nectin-1/-2, 3-O-sulfated heparan sulfate (3-OS HS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Huang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Yuyun Song
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Jichen Li
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Changning Lv
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA.
| | - Zhijun Liu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
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Seifi T, Reza Kamali A. Antiviral performance of graphene-based materials with emphasis on COVID-19: A review. MEDICINE IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2021; 11:100099. [PMID: 34056572 PMCID: PMC8151376 DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2021.100099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease-2019 has been one of the most challenging global epidemics of modern times with a large number of casualties combined with economic hardships across the world. Considering that there is still no definitive cure for the recent viral crisis, this article provides a review of nanomaterials with antiviral activity, with an emphasis on graphene and its derivatives, including graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide and graphene quantum dots. The possible interactions between surfaces of such nanostructured materials with coronaviruses are discussed. The antiviral mechanisms of graphene materials can be related to events such as the inactivation of virus and/or the host cell receptor, electrostatic trapping and physico-chemical destruction of viral species. These effects can be enhanced by functionalization and/or decoration of carbons with species that enhances graphene-virus interactions. The low-cost and large-scale preparation of graphene materials with enhanced antiviral performances is an interesting research direction to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Seifi
- Energy and Environmental Materials Research Centre (E2MC), School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Ali Reza Kamali
- Energy and Environmental Materials Research Centre (E2MC), School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
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Yang J, Yue L, Yang Z, Miao Y, Ouyang R, Hu Y. Metal-Based Nanomaterials: Work as Drugs and Carriers against Viral Infections. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2129. [PMID: 34443959 PMCID: PMC8400983 DOI: 10.3390/nano11082129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Virus infection is one of the threats to the health of organisms, and finding suitable antiviral agents is one of the main tasks of current researchers. Metal ions participate in multiple key reaction stages of organisms and maintain the important homeostasis of organisms. The application of synthetic metal-based nanomaterials as an antiviral therapy is a promising new research direction. Based on the application of synthetic metal-based nanomaterials in antiviral therapy, we summarize the research progress of metal-based nanomaterials in recent years. This review analyzes the three inhibition pathways of metal nanomaterials as antiviral therapeutic materials against viral infections, including direct inactivation, inhibition of virus adsorption and entry, and intracellular virus suppression; it further classifies and summarizes them according to their inhibition mechanisms. In addition, the use of metal nanomaterials as antiviral drug carriers and vaccine adjuvants is summarized. The analysis clarifies the antiviral mechanism of metal nanomaterials and broadens the application in the field of antiviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlei Yang
- Institute of Bismuth Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (J.Y.); (Z.Y.); (Y.M.)
- Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yueyang Road 320, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Lihuan Yue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institutional Center for Shared Technologies and Facilities, Pathogen Discovery and Big Data Center, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yueyang Road 320, Shanghai 200031, China;
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhu Yang
- Institute of Bismuth Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (J.Y.); (Z.Y.); (Y.M.)
- Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yueyang Road 320, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yuqing Miao
- Institute of Bismuth Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (J.Y.); (Z.Y.); (Y.M.)
| | - Ruizhuo Ouyang
- Institute of Bismuth Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (J.Y.); (Z.Y.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yihong Hu
- Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yueyang Road 320, Shanghai 200031, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institutional Center for Shared Technologies and Facilities, Pathogen Discovery and Big Data Center, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yueyang Road 320, Shanghai 200031, China;
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12
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Alayande AB, Kang Y, Jang J, Jee H, Lee YG, Kim IS, Yang E. Antiviral Nanomaterials for Designing Mixed Matrix Membranes. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11070458. [PMID: 34206245 PMCID: PMC8303748 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11070458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Membranes are helpful tools to prevent airborne and waterborne pathogenic microorganisms, including viruses and bacteria. A membrane filter can physically separate pathogens from air or water. Moreover, incorporating antiviral and antibacterial nanoparticles into the matrix of membrane filters can render composite structures capable of killing pathogenic viruses and bacteria. Such membranes incorporated with antiviral and antibacterial nanoparticles have a great potential for being applied in various application scenarios. Therefore, in this perspective article, we attempt to explore the fundamental mechanisms and recent progress of designing antiviral membrane filters, challenges to be addressed, and outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yesol Kang
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea; (Y.K.); (J.J.); (I.S.K.)
| | - Jaewon Jang
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea; (Y.K.); (J.J.); (I.S.K.)
| | - Hobin Jee
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong-si 53064, Korea;
| | - Yong-Gu Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si 24341, Korea;
| | - In S. Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea; (Y.K.); (J.J.); (I.S.K.)
| | - Euntae Yang
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong-si 53064, Korea;
- Correspondence:
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13
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Engineered Nanomaterials for Aviation Industry in COVID-19 Context: A Time-Sensitive Review. COATINGS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings11040382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are catalyzing the Industry 4.0 euphoria in a significant way. One prime beneficiary of ENMs is the transportation industry (automotive, aerospace, rail car), where nanostructured multi-materials have ushered the path toward high-strength, ultra-impact-resistant, lightweight, and functionally graded engineered surfaces/components creation. The present paper aims to extrapolate much-needed ENMs knowledge from literature and its usage in the aviation industry, highlighting ENMs contribution to aviation state-of-the-art. Topics such as ENMs classification, manufacturing/synthesis methods, properties, and characteristics derived from their utilization and uniqueness are addressed. The discussion will lead to novel materials’ evolving need to protect aerospace surfaces from unfolding SARS-COVID-19 and other airborne pathogens of a lifetime challenge.
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Jastrzębska AM, Vasilchenko AS. Smart and Sustainable Nanotechnological Solutions in a Battle against COVID-19 and Beyond: A Critical Review. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2021; 9:601-622. [PMID: 34192094 PMCID: PMC7805306 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c06565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The variety of available biocidal features make nanomaterials promising for fighting infections. To effectively battle COVID-19, categorized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), materials scientists and biotechnologists need to combine their knowledge to develop efficient antiviral nanomaterials. By design, nanostructured materials (spherical, two-dimensional, hybrid) can express a diverse bioactivity and unique combination of specific, nonspecific, and mixed mechanisms of antiviral action. It can be related to the material's specific features and their multiple functionalization strategies. This is a complex guiding approach in which an interaction target is constantly moving and quickly changing. On the other hand, in such a rush, sustainability may be put aside. Therefore, to elucidate the most promising nanotechnological solutions, we critically review available data within the frame of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and other types of viruses. We highlight solutions that are, or could be, more sustainable and less toxic. In this regard, reduction of the number of synthetic routes, organic solvents, byproducts, and residues is highly recommended. Such efficient, green solutions may be further used for the prevention of virion-host interactions, treatment of the already developed infection, reducing inflammation, and finally, protecting healthcare professionals with masks, fabrics, equipment, and in other associated areas. Further translation into the market needs putting on the fast track with respect to principles of green chemistry, feasibility, safety, and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka M. Jastrzębska
- Warsaw
University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Wołoska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alexey S. Vasilchenko
- Institute
of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), Tyumen State University, Tyumen, Russia
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15
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Zhou J, Hu Z, Zabihi F, Chen Z, Zhu M. Progress and Perspective of Antiviral Protective Material. ADVANCED FIBER MATERIALS 2020; 2:123-139. [PMID: 38624352 PMCID: PMC7309218 DOI: 10.1007/s42765-020-00047-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Public health events caused by viruses pose a significant risk to humans worldwide. From December 2019 till now, the rampant novel 2019 coronavirus (SAR-CoV-2) has hugely impacted China and over world. Regarding a commendable means of protection, mask technology is relatively mature, though most of the masks cannot effectively resist the viral infections. The key material of the mask is a non-woven material, which makes the barrier of virus through filtration. Due to the lack of the ability to kill the viruses, masks are prone to cross-infection and become an additional source of infection after being discarded. If the filteration and antiviral effects can be simultaneously integrated into the mask, it will be more effcient, work for a longer time and create less difficulty in post-treatment. This mini-review presents the advances in antiviral materials, different mechanisms of their activity, and their potential applications in personal protective fabrics. Furthermore, the article addresses the future challenges and directions of mask technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Low-Dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Zexu Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Low-Dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Fatemeh Zabihi
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Low-Dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Zhigang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Low-Dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Low-Dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
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16
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Tackling COVID-19 pandemic through nanocoatings: Confront and exactitude. CURRENT RESEARCH IN GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY 2020; 3:100011. [PMCID: PMC7346813 DOI: 10.1016/j.crgsc.2020.100011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
After the eruption of the most deadly influenza flu pandemic in 1918, also known as Spanish flu, infected about 500 million people with a death toll of approximately 50 million globally, the second most devastating pandemic flu emerged in December 2019 at Wuhan (Hubei Province) of China. This viral disease caused by a novel coronavirus SARS-COV-2 was named COVID-19 by World Health Organization (WHO). The COVID-19 virus affected 213 countries globally with 5.6 million cases and 353,373 deaths as of May 28, 2020 [1] Fig. 1. Still, there is no promising solution known to tackle this severe epidemic disease worldwide. For protecting the global population from COVID-19, we must follow three steps – early detection, monitoring, and treatment. At the same time, it is important to follow WHO guidelines on preventive measures. Many countries have restricted the movement of people completely and lockdown was enforced to maintain social distancing. But lockdown alone is insufficient to prevent resurgence, can upend economies and roil society. People need to step out to perform essential tasks and may get exposed to this deadly virus. Learnings from previous outbreaks suggest the usage of nanotechnology as an important avenue to develop antiviral drugs and materials. So, to effectively minimize the acquired infection of COVID-19 in public places like hospitals, transport, schools, worship places, stores, malls, etc. Antimicrobial nanocoatings at these places and development of targeted antiviral drugs through capped nanoparticles will be a major effective option to tackle the spread of this disease. Global aspects of COVID19 effects are briefly discussed. Possible protection and care possibilities against COVID19 are highlighted. Roles of nanomaterials and based coatings against antiviral infections, especially against COVID19 are demonstrated.
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17
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Banerjee A, Kulkarni S, Mukherjee A. Herpes Simplex Virus: The Hostile Guest That Takes Over Your Home. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:733. [PMID: 32457704 PMCID: PMC7221137 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha (α)-herpesviruses (HSV-1 and HSV-2), like other viruses, are obligate intracellular parasites. They hijack the cellular machinery to survive and replicate through evading the defensive responses by the host. The viral genome of herpes simplex viruses (HSVs) contains viral genes, the products of which are destined to exploit the host apparatus for their own existence. Cellular modulations begin from the entry point itself. The two main gateways that the virus has to penetrate are the cell membrane and the nuclear membrane. Changes in the cell membrane are triggered when the glycoproteins of HSV interact with the surface receptors of the host cell, and from here, the components of the cytoskeleton take over. The rearrangement in the cytoskeleton components help the virus to enter as well as transport to the nucleus and back to the cell membrane to spread out to the other cells. The entire carriage process is also mediated by the motor proteins of the kinesin and dynein superfamily and is directed by the viral tegument proteins. Also, the virus captures the cell’s most efficient cargo carrying system, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–Golgi vesicular transport machinery for egress to the cell membrane. For these reasons, the host cell has its own checkpoints where the normal functions are halted once a danger is sensed. However, a cell may be prepared for the adversities from an invading virus, and it is simply commendable that the virus has the antidote to these cellular strategies as well. The HSV viral proteins are capable of limiting the use of the transcriptional and translational tools for the cell itself, so that its own transcription and translation pathways remain unhindered. HSV prefers to constrain any self-destruction process of the cell—be it autophagy in the lysosome or apoptosis by the mitochondria, so that it can continue to parasitize the cell for its own survival. This review gives a detailed account of the significance of compartmentalization during HSV pathogenesis. It also highlights the undiscovered areas in the HSV cell biology research which demand attention for devising improved therapeutics against the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwesha Banerjee
- Division of Virology, Indian Council of Medical Research-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune, India
| | - Smita Kulkarni
- Division of Virology, Indian Council of Medical Research-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune, India
| | - Anupam Mukherjee
- Division of Virology, Indian Council of Medical Research-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune, India
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18
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Ahmeda A, Mahdavi B, Zaker F, Kaviani S, Hosseini S, Zangeneh MM, Zangeneh A, Paydarfar S, Moradi R. Chemical characterization and anti‐hemolytic anemia potentials of tin nanoparticles synthesized by a green approach for bioremediation applications. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ahmeda
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU HealthQatar University Doha Qatar
| | - Behnam Mahdavi
- Department of ChemistryHakim Sabzevari University Sabzevar Iran
| | - Farhad Zaker
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center,Department of Hematology, School of Allied MedicineIran University of Medical Science Tehran Iran
| | - Saeid Kaviani
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking,Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran
| | - Soudabeh Hosseini
- Hematology and Flowcytometry Laboratory Director, Aliasghar Children HospitalIran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Laboratory DirectorGholhak Clinical Laboratory Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Zangeneh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineRazi University Kermanshah Iran
- Biotechnology and Medicinal Plants Research CenterIlam University of Medical Sciences Ilam Iran
| | - Akram Zangeneh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineRazi University Kermanshah Iran
- Biotechnology and Medicinal Plants Research CenterIlam University of Medical Sciences Ilam Iran
| | | | - Rohallah Moradi
- Biotechnology and Medicinal Plants Research CenterIlam University of Medical Sciences Ilam Iran
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19
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Chandra R, Singh V, Tomar S, Nath M. Multi-core-shell composite SnO 2NPs@ZIF-8: potential antiviral agent and effective photocatalyst for waste-water treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:23346-23358. [PMID: 31197665 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05646-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
With increasing environment pollution and bacterial transmitted viral diseases globally, the development of new, effective, and low-cost materials/strategies is the current major challenge. To combat with this alarming problem, three new multi-functional and thermally stable SnO2NPs@ZIF-8 composites (NC1, NC2, and NC3) were synthesized by a facile and sustainable approach involving in situ encapsulation of SnO2NPs (150, 300, and 500 μL suspension in methanol) within zeolitic imidazole framework at room temperature. The morphology and crystallinity of ZIF-8 remained unchanged upon the proper encapsulation of SnO2NPs in its matrix. Herein, for the first time, the antiviral potential of ZIF-8 and SnO2NPs@ZIF-8 against chikungunya virus is reported by investigating their cytotoxicity against Vero cell line (employing MTT ((3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide)) assay). The maximum non-toxic doses were 0.04 mg mL-1 for ZIF-8 and SnO2NPs@ZIF-8 and 0.1 mg mL-1 for SnO2NPs. Further, NC1 exhibited (based on plaque assay) reduction in viral load/titers up to > 80% during post-treatment and > 50% during pre-treatment, greater than that of ZIF-8 and SnO2NPs due to synergistic effect. Further, NC1 (10 mg) exhibited enhanced photocatalytic efficiency (≥ 96%) for degradation of methylene blue (0.5 × 10-5 M) at pH ˃ 7.0. The probable mechanism for their antiviral activity and photocatalytic activity has been discussed. The multi-functional composites can effectively be used to reduce water pollution and as remedy for mosquito/bacterial transmitted viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Chandra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Vedita Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Shailly Tomar
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Mala Nath
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India.
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20
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Yadavalli T, Ames J, Agelidis A, Suryawanshi R, Jaishankar D, Hopkins J, Thakkar N, Koujah L, Shukla D. Drug-encapsulated carbon (DECON): A novel platform for enhanced drug delivery. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaax0780. [PMID: 31453334 PMCID: PMC6693911 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax0780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Current drug-delivery systems are designed primarily for parenteral applications and are either lipid or polymer drug conjugates. In our quest to inhibit herpes simplex virus infection via the compounds found in commonly used cosmetic products, we found that activated carbon particles inhibit infection and, in addition, substantially improve topical delivery and, hence, the efficacy of a common antiviral drug, acyclovir (ACV). Our in vitro studies demonstrate that highly porous carbon structures trapped virions, blocked infection and substantially improved efficacy when ACV was loaded onto them. Also, using murine models of corneal and genital herpes infections, we show that the topical use of drug-encapsulated carbon (DECON) reduced dosing frequency, shortened treatment duration, and exhibited higher therapeutic efficacy than currently approved topical or systemic antivirals alone. DECON is a nontoxic, cost-effective and nonimmunogenic alternative to current topical drug-delivery systems that is uniquely triggered for drug release by virus trapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejabhiram Yadavalli
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Joshua Ames
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Alex Agelidis
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Rahul Suryawanshi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Dinesh Jaishankar
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - James Hopkins
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Neel Thakkar
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- College of Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA 16509, USA
| | - Lulia Koujah
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Deepak Shukla
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Corresponding author.
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21
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Rai M, Jamil B. Nanoformulations: A Valuable Tool in the Therapy of Viral Diseases Attacking Humans and Animals. Nanotheranostics 2019. [PMCID: PMC7121811 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-29768-8_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Various viruses can be considered as one of the most frequent causes of human diseases, from mild illnesses to really serious sicknesses that end fatally. Numerous viruses are also pathogenic to animals and plants, and many of them, mutating, become pathogenic also to humans. Several cases of affecting humans by originally animal viruses have been confirmed. Viral infections cause significant morbidity and mortality in humans, the increase of which is caused by general immunosuppression of the world population, changes in climate, and overall globalization. In spite of the fact that the pharmaceutical industry pays great attention to human viral infections, many of clinically used antivirals demonstrate also increased toxicity against human cells, limited bioavailability, and thus, not entirely suitable therapeutic profile. In addition, due to resistance, a combination of antivirals is needed for life-threatening infections. Thus, the development of new antiviral agents is of great importance for the control of virus spread. On the other hand, the discovery and development of structurally new antivirals represent risks. Therefore, another strategy is being developed, namely the reformulation of existing antivirals into nanoformulations and investigation of various metal and metalloid nanoparticles with respect to their diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic antiviral applications. This chapter is focused on nanoscale materials/formulations with the potential to be used for the treatment or inhibition of the spread of viral diseases caused by human immunodeficiency virus, influenza A viruses (subtypes H3N2 and H1N1), avian influenza and swine influenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, herpes simplex virus, hepatitis B and C viruses, Ebola and Marburg viruses, Newcastle disease virus, dengue and Zika viruses, and pseudorabies virus. Effective antiviral long-lasting and target-selective nanoformulations developed for oral, intravenous, intramuscular, intranasal, intrarectal, intravaginal, and intradermal applications are discussed. Benefits of nanoparticle-based vaccination formulations with the potential to secure cross protection against divergent viruses are outlined as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahendra Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Amravati, Maharashtra, India, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí Brazil
| | - Bushra Jamil
- Department of DMLS, University of Lahore, Islamabad, Pakistan
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22
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Aderibigbe BA. Metal-Based Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Infectious Diseases. Molecules 2017; 22:E1370. [PMID: 28820471 PMCID: PMC6152252 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases can be transmitted and they cause a significant burden on public health globally. They are the greatest world killers and it is estimated that they are responsible for the demise of over 17 million people annually. The impact of these diseases is greater in the developing countries. People with compromised immune systems and children are the most affected. Infectious diseases may be caused by bacteria, viruses, and protozoa. The treatment of infectious diseases is hampered by simultaneous resistance to multiple drugs, indicating that there is a serious and pressing need to develop new therapeutics that can overcome drug resistance. This review will focus on the recent reports of metal-based nanoparticles that are potential therapeutics for the treatment of infectious diseases and their biological efficacy (in vitro and in vivo).
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Affiliation(s)
- Blessing Atim Aderibigbe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice Campus, Eastern Cape 5700, South Africa.
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23
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Yadavalli T, Shukla D. Role of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles as diagnostic and therapeutic tools for highly prevalent viral infections. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2016; 13:219-230. [PMID: 27575283 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2016.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is increasingly playing important roles in various fields including virology. The emerging use of metal or metal oxide nanoparticles in virus targeting formulations shows the promise of improved diagnostic or therapeutic ability of the agents while uniquely enhancing the prospects of targeted drug delivery. Although a number of nanoparticles varying in composition, size, shape, and surface properties have been approved for human use, the candidates being tested or approved for clinical diagnosis and treatment of viral infections are relatively less in number. Challenges remain in this domain due to a lack of essential knowledge regarding the in vivo comportment of nanoparticles during viral infections. This review provides a broad overview of recent advances in diagnostic, prophylactic and therapeutic applications of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles in human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis virus, influenza virus and herpes virus infections. Types of nanoparticles commonly used and their broad applications have been explained in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejabhiram Yadavalli
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, SRM University, Kattankulathur, India; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
| | - Deepak Shukla
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA.
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24
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Yang XX, Li CM, Huang CZ. Curcumin modified silver nanoparticles for highly efficient inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus infection. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:3040-8. [PMID: 26781043 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr07918g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between nanoparticles and viruses have attracted increasing attention due to the antiviral activity of nanoparticles and the resulting possibility to be employed as biomedical interventions. In this contribution, we developed a very simple route to prepare uniform and stable silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with antiviral properties by using curcumin, which is a member of the ginger family isolated from rhizomes of the perennial herb Curcuma longa and has a wide range of biological activities like antioxidant, antifungal, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, and acts as reducing and capping agents in this synthetic route. The tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) assay showed that the curcumin modified silver nanoparticles (cAgNPs) have a highly efficient inhibition effect against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, giving a decrease of viral titers about two orders of magnitude at the concentration of cAgNPs under which no toxicity was found to the host cells. Mechanism investigations showed that cAgNPs could prevent RSV from infecting the host cells by inactivating the virus directly, indicating that cAgNPs are a novel promising efficient virucide for RSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xi Yang
- Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Chun Mei Li
- Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Cheng Zhi Huang
- Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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25
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Li CM, Zheng LL, Yang XX, Wan XY, Wu WB, Zhen SJ, Li YF, Luo LF, Huang CZ. DNA-AuNP networks on cell membranes as a protective barrier to inhibit viral attachment, entry and budding. Biomaterials 2016; 77:216-26. [PMID: 26606447 PMCID: PMC7112435 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Viral infections have caused numerous diseases and deaths worldwide. Due to the emergence of new viruses and frequent virus variation, conventional antiviral strategies that directly target viral or cellular proteins are limited because of the specificity, drug resistance and rapid clearance from the human body. Therefore, developing safe and potent antiviral agents with activity against viral infection at multiple points in the viral life cycle remains a major challenge. In this report, we propose a new modality to inhibit viral infection by fabricating DNA conjugated gold nanoparticle (DNA-AuNP) networks on cell membranes as a protective barrier. The DNA-AuNPs networks were found, via a plaque formation assay and viral titers, to have potent antiviral ability and protect host cells from human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Confocal immunofluorescence image analysis showed 80 ± 3.8% of viral attachment, 91.1 ± 0.9% of viral entry and 87.9 ± 2.8% of viral budding were inhibited by the DNA-AuNP networks, which were further confirmed by real-time fluorescence imaging of the RSV infection process. The antiviral activity of the networks may be attributed to steric effects, the disruption of membrane glycoproteins and limited fusion of cell membrane bilayers, all of which play important roles in viral infection. Therefore, our results suggest that the DNA-AuNP networks have not only prophylactic effects to inhibit virus attachment and entry, but also therapeutic effects to inhibit viral budding and cell-to-cell spread. More importantly, this proof-of-principle study provides a pathway for the development of a universal, broad-spectrum antiviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Lin Ling Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Xiao Xi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Xiao Yan Wan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Wen Bi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Shu Jun Zhen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Analysis (Southwest University), Chongqing Science & Technology Commission, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Yuan Fang Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Analysis (Southwest University), Chongqing Science & Technology Commission, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Ling Fei Luo
- College of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Cheng Zhi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Analysis (Southwest University), Chongqing Science & Technology Commission, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
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Agelidis AM, Shukla D. Cell entry mechanisms of HSV: what we have learned in recent years. Future Virol 2015; 10:1145-1154. [PMID: 27066105 DOI: 10.2217/fvl.15.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
HSV type-1 and -2 are widespread pathogens producing lifelong infection with multiple sequelae, including oral, ocular and genital disease. The process of herpesvirus entry is a highly complex process involving numerous viral and cellular factors. Entry begins with attachment of virus to the cell surface followed by interactions between viral glycoproteins and cellular receptors to facilitate capsid penetration. The nucleocapsid is then transported along microtubules to the nuclear membrane, where viral DNA is released for replication in the nucleus. The work reviewed here comprises the most recent advancements in our understanding of the mechanism involved in the herpesvirus entry process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M Agelidis
- Ocular Virology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1855 West Taylor Street, M/C 648, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, E-704 Medical Sciences Building, University of Illinois at Chicago, M/C 790, 835 South Wolcott Avenue, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Deepak Shukla
- Ocular Virology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1855 West Taylor Street, M/C 648, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, E-704 Medical Sciences Building, University of Illinois at Chicago, M/C 790, 835 South Wolcott Avenue, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Layer by Layer Ex-Situ Deposited Cobalt-Manganese Oxide as Composite Electrode Material for Electrochemical Capacitor. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129780. [PMID: 26158447 PMCID: PMC4497717 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The composite metal oxide electrode films were fabricated using ex situ electrodeposition method with further heating treatment at 300°C. The obtained composite metal oxide film had a spherical structure with mass loading from 0.13 to 0.21 mg cm-2. The structure and elements of the composite was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The electrochemical performance of different composite metal oxides was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge-discharge (CD). As an active electrode material for a supercapacitor, the Co-Mn composite electrode exhibits a specific capacitance of 285 Fg-1 at current density of 1.85 Ag-1 in 0.5M Na2SO4 electrolyte. The best composite electrode, Co-Mn electrode was then further studied in various electrolytes (i.e., 0.5M KOH and 0.5M KOH/0.04M K3Fe(CN) 6 electrolytes). The pseudocapacitive nature of the material of Co-Mn lead to a high specific capacitance of 2.2 x 103 Fg-1 and an energy density of 309 Whkg-1 in a 0.5MKOH/0.04MK3Fe(CN) 6 electrolyte at a current density of 10 Ag-1. The specific capacitance retention obtained 67% of its initial value after 750 cycles. The results indicate that the ex situ deposited composite metal oxide nanoparticles have promising potential in future practical applications.
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Antoine TE, Shukla D. Inhibition of myosin light chain kinase can be targeted for the development of new therapies against herpes simplex virus type-1 infection. Antivir Ther 2013; 19:15-29. [PMID: 23813409 DOI: 10.3851/imp2661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) is the leading cause of infectious blindness worldwide. Through a multistep process, HSV-1 enters into naturally susceptible human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells where it establishes an optimal environment for viral replication and spread. HSV-1 employment of cytoskeletal proteins, kinases, and cell signalling pathways is crucial for the entry process. METHODS Here we demonstrate that non-muscle myosin IIA (NM-IIA) and/or a myosin activating kinase, myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), can be targeted for the development of new and effective therapies against HSV-1. HCE cells were incubated with MLCK inhibitors ML-7 and ML-9 and NM-IIA inhibitor blebbistatin. Following the application of inhibitors, HSV-1 entry and spread to neighbouring HCE cells was evaluated. RESULTS Upon application of MLCK inhibitors ML-7 and ML-9 and NM-IIA inhibitor blebbistatin, HSV-1 entry into HCE cells was significantly decreased. Furthermore, dramatic impairment of glycoprotein-mediated membrane fusion was seen in cells treated with MLCK inhibitors, thus establishing a role for MLCK activation in cell-to-cell fusion and multinucleated syncytial cell formation. These results also indicate that the activation of motor protein NM-IIA by MLCK is crucial for cytoskeletal changes required for HSV-1 infection of corneal cells. CONCLUSIONS We provide new evidence that NM-IIA and MLCK can be used as effective antiviral targets against ocular herpes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thessicar E Antoine
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Hadigal S, Shukla D. Exploiting herpes simplex virus entry for novel therapeutics. Viruses 2013; 5:1447-65. [PMID: 23752649 PMCID: PMC3717716 DOI: 10.3390/v5061447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 05/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Herpes Simplex virus (HSV) is associated with a variety of diseases such as genital herpes and numerous ocular diseases. At the global level, high prevalence of individuals who are seropositive for HSV, combined with its inconspicuous infection, remains a cause for major concern. At the molecular level, HSV entry into a host cell involves multiple steps, primarily the interaction of viral glycoproteins with various cell surface receptors, many of which have alternate substitutes. The molecular complexity of the virus to enter a cell is also enhanced by the existence of different modes of viral entry. The availability of many entry receptors, along with a variety of entry mechanisms, has resulted in a virus that is capable of infecting virtually all cell types. While HSV uses a wide repertoire of viral and host factors in establishing infection, current therapeutics aimed against the virus are not as diversified. In this particular review, we will focus on the initial entry of the virus into the cell, while highlighting potential novel therapeutics that can control this process. Virus entry is a decisive step and effective therapeutics can translate to less virus replication, reduced cell death, and detrimental symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satvik Hadigal
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1855 West Taylor Street, m/c 648, Room 3.138, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Deepak Shukla
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1855 West Taylor Street, m/c 648, Room 3.138, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; E-Mail:
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 835 S. Wolcott, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Lions of Illinois Eye Research Institute, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1905 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 606012, USA
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +1-312-355-0908; Fax: +1-312-996-7772
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