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Singh P, Dhole B, Choudhury J, Tuli A, Pandey D, Velpandian T, Gupta S, Chaturvedi PK. Calotropis procera extract inhibits prostate cancer through regulation of autophagy. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18050. [PMID: 38400579 PMCID: PMC10941509 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Current treatment options available for prostate cancer (PCa) patients have many adverse side effects and hence, new alternative therapies need to be explored. Anticancer potential of various phytochemicals derived from Calotropis procera has been studied in many cancers but no study has investigated the effect of leaf extract of C. procera on PCa cells. Hence, we investigated the effect of C. procera leaf extract (CPE) on cellular properties of androgen-independent PC-3 and androgen-sensitive 22Rv1 cells. A hydroalcoholic extract of C. procera was prepared and MTT assay was performed to study the effect of CPE on viability of PCa cells. The effect of CPE on cell division ability, migration capability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was studied using colony formation assay, wound-healing assay and 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate assay, respectively. Caspase activity assay and LDH assay were performed to study the involvement of apoptosis and necrosis in CPE-mediated cell death. Protein levels of cell cycle, antioxidant, autophagy and apoptosis markers were measured by western blot. The composition of CPE was identified using untargeted LC-MS analysis. Results showed that CPE decreased the viability of both the PCa cells, PC-3 and 22Rv1, in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Also, CPE significantly inhibited the colony-forming ability, migration and endogenous ROS production in both the cell lines. Furthermore, CPE significantly decreased NF-κB protein levels and increased the protein levels of the cell cycle inhibitor p27. A significant increase in expression of autophagy markers was observed in CPE-treated PC-3 cells while autophagy markers were downregulated in 22Rv1 cells after CPE exposure. Hence, it can be concluded that CPE inhibits PCa cell viability possibly by regulating the autophagy pathway and/or altering the ROS levels. Thus, CPE can be explored as a possible alternative therapeutic agent for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palak Singh
- Department of Reproductive BiologyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Bodhana Dhole
- Department of Reproductive BiologyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Jaganmoy Choudhury
- Department of Reproductive BiologyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Anannya Tuli
- Department of Ocular PharmacologyDr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Deepak Pandey
- Department of Reproductive BiologyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Thirumurthy Velpandian
- Department of Ocular PharmacologyDr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Surabhi Gupta
- Department of Reproductive BiologyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia
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Saher U, Ovais Omer M, Javeed A, Ahmad Anjum A, Rehman K, Awan T. Soluble laticifer proteins from Calotropis procera as an effective candidates for antimicrobial therapeutics. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103659. [PMID: 37181638 PMCID: PMC10172833 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Calotropis procera is a latex-producing plant with plenty of pharmacologically active compounds. The principal motivation behind this study was to separate and characterize laticifer proteins to check their antimicrobial potential. Laticifer proteins were separated by gel filtration chromatography (GFC) and investigated using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The SDS-PAGE assay detected proteins of molecular weights of 10 to 30 kDa but most of them were in the range of 25 to 30 kDa. The soluble laticifer proteins (SLPs) were tested against Gram-positive bacteria i.e., Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus whereas Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were tested as Gram-negative bacteria, we determined a profound anti-bacterial activity of these proteins. In addition, SLPs were also investigated against Candida albicans via the agar disc diffusion method which also showed significant anti-fungal activity. SLP exhibited antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa, E. coli, and S. aureus with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2.5 mg/mL for each, while MIC was found at 0.625 mg/mL for S. pyogenes and 1.25 mg/mL for C. albicans. Moreover, enzymatic activity evaluation of SLP showed the proteolytic nature of these proteins, and this proteolytic activity was greatly enhanced after reduction which might be due to the presence of cysteine residues in the protein structure. The activity of the SLPs obtained from the latex of C. procera can be associated with the involvement of enzymes either proteases or, protease inhibitors and/or peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Saher
- Department of Pharmacy, The Women University, Multan 60000, Pakistan Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ovais Omer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- Corresponding author at: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Aqeel Javeed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Aftab Ahmad Anjum
- Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, The Women University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Tanzeela Awan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Women University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
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Ng CX, Affendi MM, Chong PP, Lee SH. The Potential of Plant-Derived Extracts and Compounds to Augment Anticancer Effects of Chemotherapeutic Drugs. Nutr Cancer 2022; 74:3058-3076. [PMID: 35675271 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2069274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Plant extracts comprise a complex mixture of natural compounds with diverse biological activities including anticancer activities. This has made the use of plant extracts a trending strategy in cancer treatment. In addition, plants' active constituents such as polyphenols could confer protective effects on normal cells against damage by free radicals as well as lessen the toxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs. Recently, many emerging studies revealed the combinatory uses of plant extracts and individual therapeutic compounds that could be a promising panacea in hampering multiple signaling pathways involved in cancer development and progression. Besides enhancing the therapeutic efficacy, this has also been proven to reduce the dosage of chemotherapeutic drugs used, and hence overcome multiple drug resistance and minimize treatment side effects. Notably, combined use of plant extracts with chemotherapeutics drugs was shown to enhance anticancer effects through modulating various signaling pathways, such as P13K/AKT, NF-κB, JNK, ERK, WNT/β-catenin, and many more. Hence, this review aims to comprehensively summarize both In Vitro and In Vivo mechanisms of actions of well-studied plant extracts, such as Ganoderma Lucidum, Korean red ginseng, Garcinia sp., curcumin, and luteolin extracts in augmenting anticancer properties of the conventional chemotherapeutic drugs from an extensive literature search of recent publications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu Xin Ng
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muzaira Mazrul Affendi
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, International Medical University, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pei Pei Chong
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sau Har Lee
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.,Centre for Drug Discovery and Molecular Pharmacology (CDDMP), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Selangor, Malaysia
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Amini MH, Ashraf K, Salim F, Meng Lim S, Ramasamy K, Manshoor N, Sultan S, Ahmad W. Important insights from the antimicrobial activity of Calotropis procera. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Vahidi R, Abbasloo E, Safi S, Bolourchian M. Bcl 2-dependent antineoplastic effects of Calotropis procera root extract against canine mammary tumor cells. VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM : AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL 2021; 12:197-202. [PMID: 34345386 PMCID: PMC8328247 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2019.101114.2418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
There has been a prevailing trend in the application of herbal medicine as cancer therapeutics. Calotropis procera is an ayurvedic plant applied to ameliorate various illnesses. There is no report on the anti-tumor effects of the root of the plant on canine tumors, although it has been used for the treatment of various diseases in human medicine. The objective of the present study was to investigate the antitumor potential of ethanolic root extract of C. procera against canine mammary tumor cell line (CF41-Mg). MTT, western blot, and flow cytometry assays were carried out to evaluate the possible cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction of the extract. MTT results showed that the extract had a potent cytotoxic activity in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 of 9.00 μg mL-1. Based on the results of flow cytometry and western blotting, IC50 concentration of the extract induced significant apoptosis in the studied cell line, possibly through down-regulation of Bcl-2 expression. The results of the present study clearly indicated that the root extract of C. procera had promising anti-cancer activity and could be considered as a candidate for the treatment of mammary tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Vahidi
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Comprehensive Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Elham Abbasloo
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shahabeddin Safi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Specialized Veterinary Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Bolourchian
- DVM Graduate, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Fakhri S, Tomas M, Capanoglu E, Hussain Y, Abbaszadeh F, Lu B, Hu X, Wu J, Zou L, Smeriglio A, Simal-Gandara J, Cao H, Xiao J, Khan H. Antioxidant and anticancer potentials of edible flowers: where do we stand? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:8589-8645. [PMID: 34096420 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1931022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Edible flowers are attracting special therapeutic attention and their administration is on the rise. Edible flowers play pivotal modulatory roles on oxidative stress and related interconnected apoptotic/inflammatory pathways toward the treatment of cancer. In this review, we highlighted the phytochemical content and therapeutic applications of edible flowers, as well as their modulatory potential on the oxidative stress pathways and apoptotic/inflammatory mediators, resulting in anticancer effects. Edible flowers are promising sources of phytochemicals (e.g., phenolic compounds, carotenoids, terpenoids) with several therapeutic effects. They possess anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, anti-depressant, anxiolytic, anti-obesity, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective effects. Edible flowers potentially modulate oxidative stress by targeting erythroid nuclear transcription factor-2/extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (Nrf2/ERK/MAPK), reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant response elements (AREs). As the interconnected pathways to oxidative stress, inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), interleukins (ILs) as well as apoptotic pathways such as Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), Bcl-2, caspase and cytochrome C are critical targets of edible flowers in combating cancer. In this regard, edible flowers could play promising anticancer effects by targeting oxidative stress and downstream dysregulated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Merve Tomas
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yaseen Hussain
- Control release drug delivery system, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fatemeh Abbaszadeh
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Baiyi Lu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolan Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Jianlin Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Antonella Smeriglio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo -Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Hui Cao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo -Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo -Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain.,Institute of Food Safety & Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
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7
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Microfluidic platform for encapsulation of plant extract in chitosan microcarriers embedding silver nanoparticles for breast cancer cells. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-020-01433-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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8
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Naringenin inhibits migration of breast cancer cells via inflammatory and apoptosis cell signaling pathways. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 27:1021-1036. [PMID: 30941613 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-018-00556-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Naringenin, a flavonoid compound, has a wide variety of uses in the pharmaceutical industry for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. OBJECTIVES The current experiment aimed to investigate the anticancer effect of naringenin in triple-negative human breast cancer cells (MDA-MR-231) and an animal model with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a] anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancer in female rats to determine the mechanisms and molecular targets. METHODS The cytotoxic effects of naringenin against MDA-MB-231 cells were assessed by MTT assay. Apoptosis and cell cycle alterations were analyzed via flow cytometry. Morphological and biochemical changes in DMBA-induced cancer with naringenin treatment were assayed using our protocol. The potential mechanisms of action were verified via qRT-PCR. RESULTS Naringenin was found to inhibit cell proliferation in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. This effect was associated with cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, along with apoptosis and deposition at the sub-G1 phase (75%). Treatment with naringenin reduced tumor incidence (45.55, 40, and 27.67%) and tumor burden (78.7, 35.4, and 1.2 g) in a dose-dependent manner. Naringenin treatment altered the biochemical and antioxidant parameters related to inflammation necessary for anticancer activity. The qRT-PCR studies further confirmed the mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic effects of naringenin. CONCLUSION On the basis of these results, we can conclude that naringenin exerts an anticancer effect in the MDA-MB-231 cell line that arrests cell development at the G0/G1 phase, and in vivo it alters the mitochondrial-mediated intrinsic pathway responsible for apoptosis.
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Mohan CD, Bharathkumar H, Dukanya, Rangappa S, Shanmugam MK, Chinnathambi A, Alharbi SA, Alahmadi TA, Bhattacharjee A, Lobie PE, Deivasigamani A, Hui KM, Sethi G, Basappa, Rangappa KS, Kumar AP. N-Substituted Pyrido-1,4-Oxazin-3-Ones Induce Apoptosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Targeting NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1125. [PMID: 30455641 PMCID: PMC6230568 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a fatal disease and ranked fifth in cancer related mortality. Persistent activation of NF-κB is responsible for the oncogenesis, metastasis, tumor evasion, anti-apoptosis, angiogenesis and proliferation in HCC. Therefore, designing of chemically novel, biologically potent small molecules that target NF-κB signaling cascade have gained prominent clinical interest. Herein we synthesized a novel class of 4-(substituted)-2H-pyrido[3,2-b][1,4]oxazin-3(4H)-one by reacting 2H-pyrido[3,2-b][1,4]oxazin-3(4H)-one with various alkyl halides by using combustion derived bismuth oxide. We evaluated the antiproliferative efficacy of newly synthesized compounds against HCC cells and identified 4-(4-nitrobenzyl)-2H-pyrido[3,2-b][1,4]oxazin-3(4H)-one (NPO) as lead anticancer agent. In addition, we investigated the effect of NPO on the DNA binding ability of NF-κB and NF-κB regulated luciferase expression in HCC cells. The results demonstrated that NPO can induce significant growth inhibitory effects in HepG2, HCCLM3 and Huh-7 cells in dose and time-dependent manner. Interestingly, NPO induced significant downregulation in p65 DNA binding ability, p65 phosphorylation and subsequent expression of NF-κB dependent luciferase gene expression in diverse HCC cell lines. Further, in silico docking analysis suggested that NPO can show direct physical interaction with NF-κB. Finally, NPO was found to significantly abrogate tumor growth at a dose of 50 mg/kg in an orthotopic mouse model. Thus, we report the potential anticancer effects of NPO as a novel inhibitor of NF-κB signaling pathway in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dukanya
- Department of Studies in Organic Chemistry, University of Mysore, Mysore, India
| | - Shobith Rangappa
- Adichunchanagiri Institute for Molecular Medicine, Mandya, India
| | - Muthu K. Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Arunachalam Chinnathambi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Ali Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahani Awad Alahmadi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atanu Bhattacharjee
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India
| | - Peter E. Lobie
- Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Division of Life Science and Health, Tsinghua University Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Amudha Deivasigamani
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kam Man Hui
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Basappa
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Bangalore University, Bangalore, India
- Department of Studies in Organic Chemistry, University of Mysore, Mysore, India
| | | | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer Program, Medical Science Cluster, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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Corso CR, Acco A. Glutathione system in animal model of solid tumors: From regulation to therapeutic target. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2018; 128:43-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Sakthivel KM, Guruvayoorappan C. Targeted inhibition of tumor survival, metastasis and angiogenesis by Acacia ferruginea mediated regulation of VEGF, inflammatory mediators, cytokine profile and inhibition of transcription factor activation. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 95:400-411. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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12
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Mutluq Alkammash N. Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Artemisia sieberiand Calotropis procera Medical Plant Extracts and their Characterization using SEM Analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.13005/bbra/2474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT: The synthesis, characterization and application of biologically synthesized nanomaterials have become important research areas in nanotechnology, and the green synthesis of nanoparticles using plants is being increasingly studied largely because this approach is considered to lack the problems associated with conventional synthesis. Here we report the synthesis and characterization (using a scanning electron microscope) of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) obtained using extracts of leaves of the medicinal plants, Artemisia sieberi and Calotropis procera. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies revealed the characteristics of the synthesized nanoparticles which were confirmed by analyzing the excitation of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) using UV–vis spectrophotometer at 482 nm. SEM analysis of the synthesized Ag NPs clearly showed that the particles were predominantly spherical in shape, mostly aggregated and having a size around 8–20 nm. Finally, we consider that the nanoparticles synthesized in this study have potential for wide application in nanotechnology and nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadiah Mutluq Alkammash
- 1Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455 Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Alvarado A, Faustino-Rocha AI, Colaço B, Oliveira PA. Experimental mammary carcinogenesis - Rat models. Life Sci 2017; 173:116-134. [PMID: 28188729 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mammary cancer is one of the most common cancers, victimizing more than half a million of women worldwide every year. Despite all the studies in this field, the current therapeutic approaches are not effective and have several devastating effects for patients. In this way, the need to better understand the mammary cancer biopathology and find effective therapies led to the development of several rodent models over years. With this review, the authors intended to provide the readers with an overview of the rat models used to study mammary carcinogenesis, with a special emphasis on chemically-induced models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonieta Alvarado
- Área de Patología, Decanato de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Centroccidental "Lisandro Alvarado", UCLA, Lara, Venezuela; Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana I Faustino-Rocha
- Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Bruno Colaço
- Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; Department of Zootechnics, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Paula A Oliveira
- Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal.
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Telo S, Halifeoglu I, Ozercan IH. Effects of Stinging Nettle (Urtica Dioica L.,) on Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Rat Model of Mammary Gland Cancer. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2017; 16:164-170. [PMID: 29844787 PMCID: PMC5963657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.,) is a medicinal herb commonly used by humans. The role of reactive oxygen metabolites on cancer etiology is known. There are some studies about the antioxidant effects of Urtica Dioica (UD) on therapy of some cancer types. This study aimed to investigate the effects of UD on antioxidant enzyme activities and mammary gland cancer induced by in rats-N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (NMU) carcinogenesis. Rats were divided into four groups: a untreated group (Group 1), a NMU group (Group 2) given 50 mg/kg NMU by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection, a NMU group (Group 3) treated with UD, a control group (Group 4) fed with 50g/kg UD. After 5.5 months, rats were decapitated, and mammary tissue and blood samples were obtained. There was a significant (p<0.05, p<0.01, respectively) increase in plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels of group 2 compared with group 1 and 4. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of the erythrocytes was decreased in group 3 than the other groups (p<0.0001). The erythrocyte catalase (CAT) activity was significantly increased in group 4 compared with group 2 and 3 (p<0.05, p<0.01, respectively). The number of animals with palpable tumors was 6 (46.15%) in group 2, and 2 (13.3%) in group 3 at the end of the 22nd week. Although group 3 had lower palpable tumor number than group 2, the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.096). The results showed that UD constituents may have effects on lipid peroxidation and some antioxidant enzyme activities, and may slow the formation of mammary tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selda Telo
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Firat University, Medical
School Elazığ, Turkey.,
| | - Ihsan Halifeoglu
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Firat University.
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de Alencar NMN, da Silveira Bitencourt F, de Figueiredo IST, Luz PB, Lima-Júnior RCP, Aragão KS, Magalhães PJC, de Castro Brito GA, Ribeiro RA, de Freitas APF, Ramos MV. Side-Effects of Irinotecan (CPT-11), the Clinically Used Drug for Colon Cancer Therapy, Are Eliminated in Experimental Animals Treated with Latex Proteins fromCalotropis procera(Apocynaceae). Phytother Res 2016; 31:312-320. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Patrícia Bastos Luz
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia/UFC; Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1127 Rodolfo Teófilo 60430-270 Ceará Brazil
| | - Roberto César P. Lima-Júnior
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia/UFC; Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1127 Rodolfo Teófilo 60430-270 Ceará Brazil
| | - Karoline Sabóia Aragão
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia/UFC; Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1127 Rodolfo Teófilo 60430-270 Ceará Brazil
| | - Pedro Jorge Caldas Magalhães
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia/UFC; Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1127 Rodolfo Teófilo 60430-270 Ceará Brazil
| | | | - Ronaldo Albuquerque Ribeiro
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia/UFC; Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1127 Rodolfo Teófilo 60430-270 Ceará Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Fragoso de Freitas
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia/UFC; Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1127 Rodolfo Teófilo 60430-270 Ceará Brazil
| | - Marcio Viana Ramos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular/UFC; Campus do Pici, Caixa Postal 6033 60451-970 Ceará Brazil
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Chaudhary P, Ramos MV, Vasconcelos MDS, Kumar VL. Protective Effect of High Molecular Weight Protein Sub-fraction of Calotropis procera Latex in Monoarthritic Rats. Pharmacogn Mag 2016; 12:S147-51. [PMID: 27279699 PMCID: PMC4883071 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.182151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Proteins present in the latex of Calotropis procera have been shown to produce anti-inflammatory effect and to afford protection in various disease models. Objectives: To determine the efficacy of high molecular weight protein sub-fraction (LPPI) of latex of C. procera in ameliorating joint inflammation and hyperalgesia in a preclinical model of arthritis. Materials and Methods: Monoarthritis was induced in rats by intra-articular injection of Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) and the effect of two doses of LPPI (5 and 25 mg/kg) and diclofenac (5 mg/kg) was evaluated on joint swelling, stair climbing ability, motility, and dorsal flexion pain on day 3. The rats were sacrificed on day 3 to measure tissue levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Evaluation of joint histology was also made. Results: Intra-articular injection of FCA produced joint swelling and difficulty in stair climbing ability, motility, and pain on flexion of the joint as revealed by scores obtained for these functional parameters. LPPI produced a dose-dependent decrease in joint swelling and improved joint functions. Arthritic rats also revealed altered oxidative homeostasis where joint tissue GSH levels were decreased and TBARS levels were increased as compared to normal rats. The levels of these oxidative stress markers were near normal in arthritic rats treated with LPPI. Moreover, treatment with LPPI also maintained the structural integrity of the joint. The protective effect of LPPI was comparable to the standard anti-inflammatory drug, diclofenac. Conclusion: The findings of the present study show that LPPI fraction comprising high molecular weight proteins could be used for the alleviation of arthritic symptoms. SUMMARY High molecular weight protein sub-fraction of latex of Calotropis procera (LPPI) reduced joint swelling and hyperalgesia in arthritic rats LPPI produced a significant improvement in stair climbing ability and motility in arthritic rats LPPI normalized the levels of oxidative stress markers in the arthritic joints Treatment with LPPI reduced neutrophil influx and edema in the arthritic joints
Abbreviations used: FCA: Freund's complete adjuvant, GSH: Glutathione, TBARS: Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TBA: Thiobarbituric acid, MDA: Malondialdehyde, LPPI: Latex protein fraction PI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Chaudhary
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Delhi University South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, India; Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Marcio V Ramos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, 60451-970 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Vijay L Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
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Mahar R, Dixit S, Joshi T, Kanojiya S, Mishra DK, Konwar R, Shukla SK. Bioactivity guided isolation of oxypregnane-oligoglycosides (calotroposides) from the root bark of Calotropis gigantea as potent anticancer agents. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra23600f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactivity guided isolation of oxypregnane-oligoglycosides (calotroposides) from the ethanolic extract of root bark of Calotropis gigantea (L.) Dryand. with purple flowers has been performed and isolated pure compounds has been evaluated for anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Mahar
- SAIF Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow 226031
- India
| | - Shivani Dixit
- Endocrinology Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow 226031
- India
| | - Trapti Joshi
- SAIF Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow 226031
- India
| | - Sanjeev Kanojiya
- SAIF Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow 226031
- India
| | - Dipak K. Mishra
- Botany Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow 226031
- India
| | - Rituraj Konwar
- Endocrinology Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow 226031
- India
| | - Sanjeev K. Shukla
- SAIF Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow 226031
- India
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Li Y, Yan H, Zhang Z, Zhang G, Sun Y, Yu P, Wang Y, Xu L. Andrographolide derivative AL-1 improves insulin resistance through down-regulation of NF-κB signalling pathway. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:3151-8. [PMID: 25712508 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Andrographolide is the most active constituent of the medicinal plant Andrographis paniculata. Previously, we synthesized a novel andrographolide derivative AL-1, conjugating andrographolide with lipoic acid. Although the antioxidative and/or anti-inflammatory activity of AL-1 contributes to its cytoprotective effects, whether AL-1 can improve insulin resistance and the mechanisms responsible for its action have not been elucidated. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We investigated the anti-hyperlipidaemic and anti-hyperglycaemic effects of AL-1 in a high-fat diet/streptozocin-induced animal diabetic model. In addition, we investigated the effect of AL-1 on the NF-κB signalling pathway in rat islet derived insulinoma cells (RIN-m cells) with a focus on the link between reactive oxygen species-associated inflammation and insulin resistance. KEY RESULTS AL-1, at doses of 40 and 80 mg · kg(-1), had a significant hypoglycaemic effect; it significantly reduced the level of cholesterol and increased HDL. AL-1 also reduced the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and enhanced insulin sensitivity. In addition, AL-1 improved the morphology of pancreatic islets and their function. Furthermore, AL-1 suppressed high glucose-induced phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα in RIN-m cells. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS AL-1 has a hypoglycaemic effect and improves insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic rats. It protected islet from high glucose-induced oxidative damage by down-regulating the NF-κB signalling pathway. Further investigations of AL-1 as a promising new agent for treatment and/or prevention of diabetes are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongmei Li
- Institute of New Drug Research and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Yan
- Institute of New Drug Research and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zaijun Zhang
- Institute of New Drug Research and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gaoxiao Zhang
- Institute of New Drug Research and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yewei Sun
- Institute of New Drug Research and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei Yu
- Institute of New Drug Research and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqiang Wang
- Institute of New Drug Research and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lipeng Xu
- Institute of New Drug Research and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Joshi AL, Roham PH, Mhaske R, Jadhav M, Krishnadas K, Kharat A, Hardikar B, Kharat KR. Calotropis procera extract induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase in human skin melanoma (SK-MEL-2) cells. Nat Prod Res 2015; 29:2261-4. [PMID: 25623835 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.1001386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Calotropis procera (family: Asclepiadaceae) contains cardiac glycosides which are cytotoxic to cancer cells. The extracts of C. procera have been reported to be cytotoxic to many cancer cell lines and this is the first report against the human skin melanoma cells (SK-MEL-2). The SK-MEL-2 cells treated with C. procera methanolic extract (CPME) were analysed for growth inhibition and apoptosis. The exposure of phosphatidylserine in apoptotic SK-MEL-2 was analysed by using the Annexin-V FITC flow cytometry method. In CPME-treated SK-MEL-2 cells, 19.6% of apoptotic and 58.3% dead cells were observed. The 15.97% and 15.85% of early apoptotic cells were found at 20 μg/mL of the ouabain and paclitaxel, respectively. Active caspases, nuclear degradation confirmed apoptotic SK-MEL-2 cells in time- and dose-dependent manner. The cell cycle analysis shows that CPME treated cells halt at G2/M phase. Significant cytotoxic activity of CPME against SK-MEL-2 may be attributed to its high cardenolide content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna L Joshi
- a Deogiri College, Centre for Advanced Life Sciences , Aurangabad , Maharashtra 43100 , India
| | - Pratiksha H Roham
- a Deogiri College, Centre for Advanced Life Sciences , Aurangabad , Maharashtra 43100 , India
| | - Rooth Mhaske
- a Deogiri College, Centre for Advanced Life Sciences , Aurangabad , Maharashtra 43100 , India
| | - Mahadev Jadhav
- a Deogiri College, Centre for Advanced Life Sciences , Aurangabad , Maharashtra 43100 , India
| | - Kavitha Krishnadas
- a Deogiri College, Centre for Advanced Life Sciences , Aurangabad , Maharashtra 43100 , India
| | - Amol Kharat
- b Modern College of Pharmacy , Moshi, Pune 412105 , India
| | | | - Kiran R Kharat
- a Deogiri College, Centre for Advanced Life Sciences , Aurangabad , Maharashtra 43100 , India
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Mohamed NH, Ismail MA, Abdel-Mageed WM, Mohamed Shoreit AA. Antimicrobial activity of latex silver nanoparticles using Calotropis procera. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2014. [DOI: 10.12980/apjtb.4.201414b216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Ezuruike UF, Prieto JM. The use of plants in the traditional management of diabetes in Nigeria: pharmacological and toxicological considerations. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 155:857-924. [PMID: 24929108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The prevalence of diabetes is on a steady increase worldwide and it is now identified as one of the main threats to human health in the 21st century. In Nigeria, the use of herbal medicine alone or alongside prescription drugs for its management is quite common. We hereby carry out a review of medicinal plants traditionally used for diabetes management in Nigeria. Based on the available evidence on the species׳ pharmacology and safety, we highlight ways in which their therapeutic potential can be properly harnessed for possible integration into the country׳s healthcare system. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethnobotanical information was obtained from a literature search of electronic databases such as Google Scholar, Pubmed and Scopus up to 2013 for publications on medicinal plants used in diabetes management, in which the place of use and/or sample collection was identified as Nigeria. 'Diabetes' and 'Nigeria' were used as keywords for the primary searches; and then 'Plant name - accepted or synonyms', 'Constituents', 'Drug interaction' and/or 'Toxicity' for the secondary searches. RESULTS The hypoglycemic effect of over a hundred out of the 115 plants reviewed in this paper is backed by preclinical experimental evidence, either in vivo or in vitro. One-third of the plants have been studied for their mechanism of action, while isolation of the bioactive constituent(s) has been accomplished for twenty three plants. Some plants showed specific organ toxicity, mostly nephrotoxic or hepatotoxic, with direct effects on the levels of some liver function enzymes. Twenty eight plants have been identified as in vitro modulators of P-glycoprotein and/or one or more of the cytochrome P450 enzymes, while eleven plants altered the levels of phase 2 metabolic enzymes, chiefly glutathione, with the potential to alter the pharmacokinetics of co-administered drugs. CONCLUSION This review, therefore, provides a useful resource to enable a thorough assessment of the profile of plants used in diabetes management so as to ensure a more rational use. By anticipating potential toxicities or possible herb-drug interactions, significant risks which would otherwise represent a burden on the country׳s healthcare system can be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udoamaka F Ezuruike
- Center for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, WC1N 1AX London, United Kingdom.
| | - Jose M Prieto
- Center for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, WC1N 1AX London, United Kingdom.
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Mascarenhas CDC, Ferreira da Cunha A, Brugnerotto AF, Gambero S, de Almeida MH, Carazzolle MF, Pagnano KBB, Traina F, Costa FFD, de Souza CA. Identification of target genes using gene expression profile of granulocytes from patients with chronic myeloid leukemia treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Leuk Lymphoma 2014; 55:1861-9. [PMID: 24144310 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2013.855311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Differential gene expression analysis by suppression subtractive hybridization with correlation to the metabolic pathways involved in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) may provide a new insight into the pathogenesis of CML. Among the overexpressed genes found in CML at diagnosis are SEPT5, RUNX1, MIER1, KPNA6 and FLT3, while PAN3, TOB1 and ITCH were decreased when compared to healthy volunteers. Some genes were identified and involved in CML for the first time, including TOB1, which showed a low expression in patients with CML during tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment with no complete cytogenetic response. In agreement, reduced expression of TOB1 was also observed in resistant patients with CML compared to responsive patients. This might be related to the deregulation of apoptosis and the signaling pathway leading to resistance. Most of the identified genes were related to the regulation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), AKT, interferon and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in healthy cells. The results of this study combined with literature data show specific gene pathways that might be explored as markers to assess the evolution and prognosis of CML as well as identify new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia do Couto Mascarenhas
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) , Campinas, São Paulo , Brazil
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Zhang D, Wang G, Wang Y. Transcriptional regulation prediction of antiestrogen resistance in breast cancer based on RNA polymerase II binding data. BMC Bioinformatics 2014; 15 Suppl 2:S10. [PMID: 24564526 PMCID: PMC4015922 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-15-s2-s10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although endocrine therapy impedes estrogen-ER signaling pathway and thus reduces breast cancer mortality, patients remain at continued risk of relapse after tamoxifen or other endocrine therapies. Understanding the mechanisms of endocrine resistance, particularly the role of transcriptional regulation is very important and necessary. Methods We propose a two-step workflow based on linear model to investigate the significant differences between MCF7 and OHT cells stimulated by 17β-estradiol (E2) respect to regulatory transcription factors (TFs) and their interactions. We additionally compared predicted regulatory TFs based on RNA polymerase II (PolII) binding quantity data and gene expression data, which were taken from MCF7/MCF7+E2 and OHT/OHT+E2 cell lines following the same analysis workflow. Enrichment analysis concerning diseases and cell functions and regulatory pattern analysis of different motifs of the same TF also were performed. Results The results showed PolII data could provide more information and predict more recognizably important regulatory TFs. Large differences in TF regulatory mode were found between two cell lines. Through verified through GO annotation, enrichment analysis and related literature regarding these TFs, we found some regulatory TFs such as AP-1, C/EBP, FoxA1, GATA1, Oct-1 and NF-κB, maintained OHT cells through molecular interactions or signaling pathways that were different from the surviving MCF7 cells. From TF regulatory interaction network, we identified E2F, E2F-1 and AP-2 as hub-TFs in MCF7 cells; whereas, in addition to E2F and E2F-1, we identified C/EBP and Oct-1 as hub-TFs in OHT cells. Notably, we found the regulatory patterns of different motifs of the same TF were very different from one another sometimes. Conclusions We inferred some regulatory TFs, such as AP-1 and NF-κB, cooperated with ER through both genomic action and non-genomic action. The TFs that were involved in both protein-protein interactions and signaling pathways could be one of the key resistant mechanisms of endocrine therapy and thus also could be new treatment targets for endocrine resistance. Our flexible workflow could be integrated into an existing analytical framework and guide biologists to further determine underlying mechanisms in human diseases.
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Yang YW, Liu D, Liu T, Hu LH, Du YJ, Liu BR. Inhibitory effect of As 2O 3 combined with adenovirus carrying IκBαM on proliferation of liver cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2013; 21:1159-1163. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v21.i13.1159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To analyze the inhibitory effect of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) combined with adenovirus carrying IκBαM (Ad-IκBαM) on proliferation of liver cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
METHODS: The effect of As2O3 combined with Ad-IκBαM on liver cancer cell growth was assessed by MTT assay. Wistar rats were treated with diethylnitrosamine (DENA) for about 16 wk to induce liver cancer. The index of apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL assay.
RESULTS: As2O3 induced cellular toxicity in a dose- and time-dependent fashion in SMMC-7721 cells. MTT assay showed that the proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells was most significantly suppressed by As2O3 at a dose of 16 µmol/L, and the reduced rate of cell proliferation was 17.7% ± 5.3%, 40.7% ± 2.5% and 62.8% ± 5.4% at 48, 72 and 96 h, respectively. The reduced rate of cell proliferation at 72 and 96 h in cells treated with 16 µmol/L As2O3 and Ad-IκBαM was 68.3% ± 2.1% and 81.9% ± 3.0%, significantly higher than those in other groups (all P < 0.01). DENA treatment successfully induced tumors in rats at week 16. There was no significant difference in life span of liver cancer-bearing rats among each group. TUNEL assay demonstrated that treatment with As2O3 and Ad-IκBαM greatly enhanced apoptotic cell death.
CONCLUSION: Ad-IκBαM has a synergistic effect with As2O3 in inhibiting liver cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo.
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