1
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Zhang J, Wang Y, Wang L, You L, Zhang T. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma chemoresistance: From metabolism reprogramming to novel treatment. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024; 137:408-420. [PMID: 37545027 PMCID: PMC10876258 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT As pancreatic cancer (PC) is highly malignant, its patients tend to develop metastasis at an early stage and show a poor response to conventional chemotherapies. First-line chemotherapies for PC, according to current guidelines, include fluoropyrimidine- and gemcitabine-based regimens. Accumulating research on drug resistance has shown that biochemical metabolic aberrations in PC, especially those involving glycolysis and glutamine metabolism, are highly associated with chemoresistance. Additionally, lipid metabolism is a major factor in chemoresistance. However, emerging compounds that target these key metabolic pathways have the potential to overcome chemoresistance. This review summarizes how PC develops chemoresistance through aberrations in biochemical metabolism and discusses novel critical targets and pathways within cancer metabolism for new drug research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingcheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yutong Wang
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Lejunzi Wang
- Department of Anaesthesia, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Lei You
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Taiping Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
- Clinical Immunology Centre, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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2
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Shu YH, Yuan HH, Xu MT, Hong YT, Gao CC, Wu ZP, Han HT, Sun X, Gao RL, Yang SF, Li SX, Tian JK, Zhang JB. A novel Diels-Alder adduct of mulberry leaves exerts anticancer effect through autophagy-mediated cell death. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:780-790. [PMID: 32814819 PMCID: PMC8115316 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0492-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Guangsangon E (GSE) is a novel Diels-Alder adduct isolated from leaves of Morus alba L, a traditional Chinese medicine widely applied in respiratory diseases. It is reported that GSE has cytotoxic effect on cancer cells. In our research, we investigated its anticancer effect on respiratory cancer and revealed that GSE induces autophagy and apoptosis in lung and nasopharyngeal cancer cells. We first observed that GSE inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in A549 and CNE1 cells. Meanwhile, the upregulation of autophagosome marker LC3 and increased formation of GFP-LC3 puncta demonstrates the induction of autophagy in GSE-treated cells. Moreover, GSE increases the autophagy flux by enhancing lysosomal activity and the fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes. Next, we investigated that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is involved in autophagy induction by GSE. GSE activates the ER stress through reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, which can be blocked by ROS scavenger NAC. Finally, inhibition of autophagy attenuates GSE-caused cell death, termed as "autophagy-mediated cell death." Taken together, we revealed the molecular mechanism of GSE against respiratory cancer, which demonstrates great potential of GSE in the treatment of representative cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Han Shu
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Hua-Hua Yuan
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Meng-Ting Xu
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ye-Ting Hong
- Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Gao
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhi-Pan Wu
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hao-Te Han
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Rui-Lan Gao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Si-Fu Yang
- Department of Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Shou-Xin Li
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Center for Traditional Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jing-Kui Tian
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Center for Traditional Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Jian-Bin Zhang
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
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3
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Lee J, Choi A, Cho SY, Jun Y, Na D, Lee A, Jang G, Kwon JY, Kim J, Lee S, Lee C. Genome-scale CRISPR screening identifies cell cycle and protein ubiquitination processes as druggable targets for erlotinib-resistant lung cancer. Mol Oncol 2020; 15:487-502. [PMID: 33188726 PMCID: PMC7858278 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Erlotinib is highly effective in lung cancer patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. However, despite initial favorable responses, most patients rapidly develop resistance to erlotinib soon after the initial treatment. This study aims to identify new genes and pathways associated with erlotinib resistance mechanisms in order to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Here, we induced knockout (KO) mutations in erlotinib‐resistant human lung cancer cells (NCI‐H820) using a genome‐scale CRISPR‐Cas9 sgRNA library to screen for genes involved in erlotinib susceptibility. The spectrum of sgRNAs incorporated among erlotinib‐treated cells was substantially different to that of the untreated cells. Gene set analyses showed a significant depletion of ‘cell cycle process’ and ‘protein ubiquitination pathway’ genes among erlotinib‐treated cells. Chemical inhibitors targeting genes in these two pathways, such as nutlin‐3 and carfilzomib, increased cancer cell death when combined with erlotinib in both in vitro cell line and in vivo patient‐derived xenograft experiments. Therefore, we propose that targeting cell cycle processes or protein ubiquitination pathways are promising treatment strategies for overcoming resistance to EGFR inhibitors in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Lee
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.,Ewha-JAX Cancer Immunotherapy Research Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ahyoung Choi
- Department of Bio-Information Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Yup Cho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Yukyung Jun
- Ewha-JAX Cancer Immunotherapy Research Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.,The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Deukchae Na
- Ewha Institute of Convergence Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ahra Lee
- Ewha-JAX Cancer Immunotherapy Research Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Giyong Jang
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.,Ewha-JAX Cancer Immunotherapy Research Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jee Young Kwon
- Ewha-JAX Cancer Immunotherapy Research Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.,The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Jaesang Kim
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.,Ewha-JAX Cancer Immunotherapy Research Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sanghyuk Lee
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.,Ewha-JAX Cancer Immunotherapy Research Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Bio-Information Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Charles Lee
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.,Ewha-JAX Cancer Immunotherapy Research Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.,The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA.,Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Zhang X, Chen J, Jin H, Zhao W, Chang Z, Wu H. Effect of erlotinib combined with cisplatin on IL-6 and IL-12 in mice with Lewis lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:902-906. [PMID: 32566018 PMCID: PMC7285801 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Effect of erlotinib combined with cisplatin on tumor growth, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) in mice with Lewis lung cancer (LLC) was investigated. Forty-four pure inbred SPF C57BL/6J mice were modeled for LLC and randomized into groups A, B, C and D (n=11 each group). Mice in group A were given normal saline, group B was given erlotinib, group C was given cisplatin injection and group D erlotinib combined with cisplatin. Tumor growth of the mice was observed and the tumor mass was measured. Serum IL-6 and IL-12 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) 40 days later. At different time-points after medication, tumor volume in group D was significantly lower than that in groups A, B and C (P<0.05), and that in groups B and C was significantly lower than that in group A (P<0.05), whereas there was no significant difference between groups B and C (P>0.05). Tumor mass in groups B, C and D was significantly lower than that in group A (P<0.05), and that in group D was significantly lower than that in groups B and C (P<0.05), whereas there was no significant difference between groups B and C (P>0.05). Compared with groups B and C, mice in group D had significantly lower IL-6 level (P<0.05), but significantly higher IL-12 level (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in IL-6 and IL-12 levels between groups B and C (P>0.05). In conclusion, erlotinib combined with cisplatin can inhibit the tumor growth of mice with LLC, and inhibition of IL-6 level and upregulation of IL-12 level may be one of its therapeutic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Jinliang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Hongsong Jin
- Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Taizhou, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650031, P.R. China
| | - Zhibo Chang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Huijing Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radio-Chemotherapy Center, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P.R. China
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5
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Li K, Zhan W, Jia M, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Jha RK, Zhou L. Dual Loading of Nanoparticles with Doxorubicin and Icotinib for the Synergistic Suppression of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:390-402. [PMID: 32132874 PMCID: PMC7053357 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.39172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Combination chemotherapy plays an important role in the clinical therapy of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the pharmacokinetic differences between drugs are an insurmountable barrier in traditional treatment. For the synergistic therapy of NSCLC, synergistic nanoparticles (EDS NPs) loaded with both an EGFR inhibitor and doxorubicin (DOX) were designed and prepared. Methods: Erlotinib, apatinib and icotinib were evaluated for optimal combination with DOX in treatment of NSCLC via CCK-8 assay. Then the cationic amphipathic starch (CSaSt) and hyaluronic acid (HA) were applied to coencapsulate DOX and EGFR inhibitor to form the EDS NPs. EDS NPs were evaluated in NSCLC cell lines (A549, NCI-H1975 and PC9) and NSCLC xenograft mouse models. Results: Icotinib was found to be the optimal synergistic drug in combination with DOX in the tested. Subsequently, icotinib and DOX were coencapsulated in the NPs. EDS NPs were roughly spherical with an average size of 65.7±6.2 nm and possessed stable loading and releasing properties. In the in vitro investigation, EDS NPs could efficiently deliver payloads into cells, exhibited cytotoxicity and produced strong anti-migration properties. In vivo hypotoxicity was confirmed by acute toxicity and hemolytic assays. The in vivo distribution showed that EDS NPs could enhance accumulation in tumors and decrease nonspecific accumulation in normal organs. EDS NPs significantly promoted the in vivo synergistic effects of icotinib and DOX in the mouse model. Conclusions: The study suggests that EDS NPs possess noteworthy potential for development as therapeutics for NSCLC clinical chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenhua Zhan
- Department of Radiotherapy, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Education Ministry, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Min Jia
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yufeng Zhao
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yingguang Liu
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rajiv Kumar Jha
- College of Clinical Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liansuo Zhou
- College of Clinical Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, Shaanxi, China
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6
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Autophagy: A novel mechanism of chemoresistance in cancers. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 119:109415. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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7
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Aim of this study was to prepare the hyaluronic acid and human serum albumin modified erlotinib nanoparticles (ERT-HSA-HA NPs) delivery system by a precipitation method. METHODS ERT-HSA-HA NPs were characterized for physical properties, such as morphology and particle size, and in vitro drug release. Moreover, the cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, in vivo studies of ERT-HSA-HA nanoparticle were investigated and compared in A549 cells. RESULTS The ERT-HSA-HA NPs showed spherical morphology, and their hydrodynamic diameter was 112.5±2.8 nm. The drug loading amount and encapsulation efficiency were 5.6% and 81.2%, respectively. After 3 months of storage, no dramatic change, such as visible aggregation, drug content changes, and precipitation, in the appearance of ERT-HSA-HA NPs occurred. In vitro release showed that the release of ERT from HSA-HA NPs was slow, without obvious burst effects at an early stage. In in vivo studies, ERT-HSA-HA NPs showed a superior antiproliferative effect on A549 cells, and the HA modification strategy can also facilitate the high-efficiency uptake of ERT-HSA NPs by A549 cells. Pharmacokinetic studies showed that the form of NPs could significantly extend the role of ERT in vivo (provided higher bioavailability). However, there was no significant difference in the pharmacokinetic parameters between ERT-HSA NPs and ERT-HSA-HA NPs after intravenous administration. In terms of in vivo antitumor activity, ERT-HSA-HA NP-treated mice showed a significantly suppressed tumor growth and no relapse after 30 d of treatment. CONCLUSION HA/HSA co-modified erlotinib albumin nanoparticles was expected to be a new strategy in the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhou Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China,
| | - Wentao Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China,
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8
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Hua L, Zhu G, Wei J. MicroRNA-1 overexpression increases chemosensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer cells by inhibiting autophagy related 3-mediated autophagy. Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:1240-1249. [PMID: 29851226 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Hua
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine; Peking University International Hospital; Beijing 102206 China
| | - Guirong Zhu
- Department of Respiratory; The 309th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army; Beijing 100091 China
| | - Jianguo Wei
- Emergency Internal Medicine; Xiyuan Hospital of Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Beijing 100091 China
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9
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Hsu PC, Miao J, Huang Z, Yang YL, Xu Z, You J, Dai Y, Yeh CC, Chan G, Liu S, Urisman A, Yang CT, Jablons DM, You L. Inhibition of yes-associated protein suppresses brain metastasis of human lung adenocarcinoma in a murine model. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:3073-3085. [PMID: 29575527 PMCID: PMC5980132 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Yes‐associated protein (YAP) is a main mediator of the Hippo pathway and promotes cancer development and progression in human lung cancer. We sought to determine whether inhibition of YAP suppresses metastasis of human lung adenocarcinoma in a murine model. We found that metastatic NSCLC cell lines H2030‐BrM3(K‐rasG12C mutation) and PC9‐BrM3 (EGFRΔexon19 mutation) had a significantly decreased p‐YAP(S127)/YAP ratio compared to parental H2030 (K‐rasG12C mutation) and PC9 (EGFRΔexon19 mutation) cells (P < .05). H2030‐BrM3 cells had significantly increased YAP mRNA and expression of Hippo downstream genes CTGF and CYR61 compared to parental H2030 cells (P < .05). Inhibition of YAP by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA) significantly decreased mRNA expression in downstream genes CTGF and CYR61 in H2030‐BrM3 cells (P < .05). In addition, inhibiting YAP by YAP shRNA significantly decreased migration and invasion abilities of H2030‐BrM3 cells (P < .05). We are first to show that mice inoculated with YAP shRNA‐transfected H2030‐BrM3 cells had significantly decreased metastatic tumour burden and survived longer than control mice (P < .05). Collectively, our results suggest that YAP plays an important role in promoting lung adenocarcinoma brain metastasis and that direct inhibition of YAP by shRNA suppresses H2030‐BrM3 cell brain metastasis in a murine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Chih Hsu
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jinbai Miao
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Affiliated with Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Lin Yang
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Zhidong Xu
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joanna You
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yuyuan Dai
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Che-Chung Yeh
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Geraldine Chan
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shu Liu
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Anatoly Urisman
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Cheng-Ta Yang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - David M Jablons
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Liang You
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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10
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Zhang L, Lv Z, Xu J, Chen C, Ge Q, Li P, Wei D, Wu Z, Sun X. Micro
RNA
‐134 inhibits osteosarcoma angiogenesis and proliferation by targeting the
VEGFA
/
VEGFR
1 pathway. FEBS J 2018; 285:1359-1371. [PMID: 29474747 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhi Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair Taiyuan China
| | - Jing Xu
- Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan China
| | | | | | - Pengcui Li
- Department of Orthopaedics The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair Taiyuan China
| | | | - Zhuangzhuang Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair Taiyuan China
| | - Xiaojuan Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair Taiyuan China
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BAY 11-7085 induces glucocorticoid receptor activation and autophagy that collaborate with apoptosis to induce human synovial fibroblast cell death. Oncotarget 2018; 7:23370-82. [PMID: 26993765 PMCID: PMC5029633 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of proapoptotic pathways in synovial fibroblasts is one of the major causes of synovial proliferation and hyperplasia in rheumatic diseases. We have shown previously that NF-κB inhibitor BAY 11-7085, through inactivation of PPAR-γ, induces apoptosis in human synovial fibroblasts. In this work we showed that BAY 11-7085 induced autophagy that preceded BAY 11-7085-induced apoptosis. Of interest, BAY 11-7085 induced Serine 211 phosphorylation and degradation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Glucocorticoid prednisolone induced both activation and degradation of GR, as well as autophagy in synovial fibroblasts. BAY 11-7085-induced cell death was significantly decreased with glucocorticoid inhibitor mifepristone and with inhibitors of autophagy. Both BAY 11-7085-induced autophagy and GR activation were down regulated with PPAR-γ agonist, 15d-PGJ2 and MEK/ERK inhibitor UO126. Inhibition of autophagy markedly decreased endogenous and BAY 11-7085-induced ERK phosphorylation, suggesting a positive feed back loop between ERK activation and autophagy in synovial fibroblasts. Co-transfection of MEK1 with PPAR-γ1 in HEK293 cells caused known inhibitory phosphorylation of PPAR-γ1 (Serine 112) and enhanced GR degradation, in the absence or presence of prednisolone. Furthermore, GR was both phosphorylated on Serine 211 and down regulated in synovial fibroblasts during serum starvation induced autophagy. These results showed that GR activation and PPAR-γ inactivation mediated BAY 11-7085-induced autophagy.
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12
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Zhou X, Tao H, Shi KH. Development of a nanoliposomal formulation of erlotinib for lung cancer and in vitro/in vivo antitumoral evaluation. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2017; 12:1-8. [PMID: 29296076 PMCID: PMC5739116 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s146925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop PEGylation liposomes formulations of erlotinib and evaluate their characteristics, stability, and release characteristics. The average particle sizes and entrapment efficiency of PEGylation erlotinib liposomes are 102.4±3.1 nm and 85.3%±1.8%, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy images showed that the liposomes dispersed well with a uniform shape and no changes during the storage. The in vitro drug-release kinetic model of erlotinib release from the PEGylation liposomes in phosphate-buffered saline fit well with the Higuchi equation. In vitro anticancer activity assay showed that the blank liposomes had lower cellular cytotoxicity and that the cellular cytotoxicity of erlotinib liposomes increased significantly under the same incubation condition, which should contribute to the increase in intracellular drug concentration by the transportation of liposomes. The two liposomes of erlotinib (with and without PEGylation) exhibited similar cellular cytotoxicity with no significantly different concentrations. Pharmacokinetic results indicated that erlotinib-loaded PEGylation liposomes can significantly change the pharmacokinetic behavior of drugs and improve the drug bioavailability by nearly 2 times compared to ordinary liposomes. No sign of damages such as the appearance of epithelial necrosis or sloughing of epithelial cells was detected in histological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Tao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai-Hu Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
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13
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Babu A, Amreddy N, Muralidharan R, Pathuri G, Gali H, Chen A, Zhao YD, Munshi A, Ramesh R. Chemodrug delivery using integrin-targeted PLGA-Chitosan nanoparticle for lung cancer therapy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14674. [PMID: 29116098 PMCID: PMC5676784 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15012-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we report the efficacy of RGD (arginine-glycine-aspartic acid) peptide-modified polylactic acid-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)-Chitosan nanoparticle (CSNP) for integrin αvβ3 receptor targeted paclitaxel (PTX) delivery in lung cancer cells and its impact on normal cells. RGD peptide-modified chitosan was synthesized and then coated onto PTX-PLGA nanoparticles prepared by emulsion-solvent evaporation. PTX-PLGA-CSNP-RGD displayed favorable physicochemical properties for a targeted drug delivery system. The PTX-PLGA-CSNP-RGD system showed increased uptake via integrin receptor mediated endocytosis, triggered enhanced apoptosis, and induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and more overall cytotoxicity than its non-targeted counterpart in cancer cells. PTX-PLGA-CSNP-RGD showed less toxicity in lung fibroblasts than in cancer cells, may be attributed to low drug sensitivity, nevertheless the study invited close attention to their transient overexpression of integrin αvβ3 and cautioned against corresponding uptake of toxic drugs, if any at all. Whereas, normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells with poor integrin αvβ3 expression showed negligible toxicity to PTX-PLGA-CSNP-RGD, at equivalent drug concentrations used in cancer cells. Further, the nanoparticle demonstrated its capacity in targeted delivery of Cisplatin (CDDP), a drug having physicochemical properties different to PTX. Taken together, our study demonstrates that PLGA-CSNP-RGD is a promising nanoplatform for integrin targeted chemotherapeutic delivery to lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anish Babu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104, USA.,Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104, USA
| | - Narsireddy Amreddy
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104, USA.,Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104, USA
| | - Ranganayaki Muralidharan
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104, USA.,Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104, USA
| | - Gopal Pathuri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104, USA.,Department of Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104, USA
| | - Hariprasad Gali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104, USA.,Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104, USA
| | - Allshine Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104, USA.,Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104, USA
| | - Yan D Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104, USA.,Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104, USA
| | - Anupama Munshi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104, USA.,Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104, USA
| | - Rajagopal Ramesh
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104, USA. .,Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104, USA. .,Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104, USA.
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14
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Deng Y, Zhu L, Cai H, Wang G, Liu B. Autophagic compound database: A resource connecting autophagy-modulating compounds, their potential targets and relevant diseases. Cell Prolif 2017; 51:e12403. [PMID: 29094410 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Autophagy, a highly conserved lysosomal degradation process in eukaryotic cells, can digest long-lived proteins and damaged organelles through vesicular trafficking pathways. Nowadays, mechanisms of autophagy have been gradually elucidated and thus the discovery of small-molecule drugs targeting autophagy has always been drawing much attention. So far, some autophagy-related web servers have been available online to facilitate scientists to obtain the information relevant to autophagy conveniently, such as HADb, CTLPScanner, iLIR server and ncRDeathDB. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is not any web server available about the autophagy-modulating compounds. METHODS According to published articles, all the compounds and their relations with autophagy were anatomized. Subsequently, an online Autophagic Compound Database (ACDB) (http://www.acdbliulab.com/) was constructed, which contained information of 357 compounds with 164 corresponding signalling pathways and potential targets in different diseases. RESULTS We achieved a great deal of information of autophagy-modulating compounds, including compounds, targets/pathways and diseases. ACDB is a valuable resource for users to access to more than 300 curated small-molecule compounds correlated with autophagy. CONCLUSIONS Autophagic compound database will facilitate to the discovery of more novel therapeutic drugs in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqi Deng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Precision Medicine Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingjuan Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Precision Medicine Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haoyang Cai
- Center of Growth, Metabolism, and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guan Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Precision Medicine Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Precision Medicine Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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15
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Shao J, Zheng G, Chen H, Liu J, Xu A, Chen F, Li T, Lu Y, Xu J, Zheng N, Jia L. Metapristone (RU486 metabolite) suppresses NSCLC by targeting EGFR-mediated PI3K/AKT pathway. Oncotarget 2017; 8:78351-78364. [PMID: 29108234 PMCID: PMC5667967 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapies targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) can effectively treat with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but NSCLC's drug resistance makes it intractable. Herein, we showed that RU486 metabolite metapristone inhibited the proliferation of various NSCLC cell lines with either wild (A549, H1299, H520) or mutated EGFR (H1975, HCC827). The suppression was resulted from inhibition by metapristone of EGFR signaling pathways through down-regulating the EGFR, PTEN, as well as AKT and ERK proteins. In addition, metapristone inhibited anti-apoptotic marker Bcl-2, and activated pro-apoptotic key signaling proteins caspase-3, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. Metapristone induced A549 and H1975 cell cycle via arrest at the G0-G1 stage. What's more, metapristone inhibited the growth of NSCLC xenografts in BALB/c nude mice through decreasing the expression of tumor growth biomarkers PCNA and EGFR. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that metapristone suppressed NSCLC proliferation by promoting apoptosis via decrease the cellular EGFR-mediated PI3K/AKT pathways. The results suggest metapristone a new treatment for EGFR-overexpressed NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Shao
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Guirong Zheng
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hongning Chen
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Aixiao Xu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Fan Chen
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Tao Li
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yusheng Lu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ning Zheng
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lee Jia
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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16
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Han B, Jin B, Chu T, Niu Y, Dong Y, Xu J, Gu A, Zhong H, Wang H, Zhang X, Shi C, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Lou Y, Zhu L, Pei J. Combination of chemotherapy and gefitinib as first-line treatment for patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma and sensitive EGFR mutations: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Cancer 2017; 141:1249-1256. [PMID: 28560853 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To explore the optimal treatment strategy for patients who harbor sensitive EGFR mutations, a head-to-head study was performed to compare chemotherapy and gefitinib in combination or with either agent alone as first-line therapy, in terms of efficacy and safety. A total of 121 untreated patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma who harbored sensitive EGFR mutations were randomly assigned to receive gefitinib combined with pemetrexed and carboplatin, pemetrexed plus carboplatin or gefitinib alone. The progression-free survival (PFS) of patients in the combination group (17.5 months, 95% CI, 15.3-19.7) was longer than that of patients in the chemotherapy group (5.7 months, 95% CI, 5.2-6.3) or gefitinib (11.9 months, 95% CI, 9.1-14.6) group. The (hazard ratios) HRs of PFS for the combination group vs. chemotherapy and gefitinib groups were 0.16 (95% CI, 0.09-0.29, p < 0.001) and 0.48 (95% CI, 0.29-0.78, p = 0.003), respectively. The overall response rate (ORR) in the combination therapy group, chemotherapy group and the gefitinib group was 82.5%, 32.5% and 65.9%, respectively. The combinational strategy resulted in longer overall survival (OS) than chemotherapy (HR = 0.46, p = 0.016) or gefitinib (HR = 0.36, p = 0.001) alone. Our finding suggested that treatment with pemetrexed plus carboplatin combined with gefitinib could provide better survival benefits for patients with lung adenocarcinoma harboring sensitive EGFR mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohui Han
- Department of Pulmonary, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Jin
- Department of Pulmonary, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianqing Chu
- Department of Pulmonary, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanjie Niu
- Department of Pulmonary, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Dong
- Department of Pulmonary, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianlin Xu
- Department of Pulmonary, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aiqing Gu
- Department of Pulmonary, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Zhong
- Department of Pulmonary, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huimin Wang
- Department of Pulmonary, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueyan Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunlei Shi
- Department of Pulmonary, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanwei Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqing Lou
- Department of Pulmonary, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Pei
- Department of Pulmonary, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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17
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Kalai Selvi S, Vinoth A, Varadharajan T, Weng CF, Vijaya Padma V. Neferine augments therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin through ROS- mediated non-canonical autophagy in human lung adenocarcinoma (A549 cells). Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 103:28-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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18
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Zhang Q, Xu K. [Advances in the Research of Autophagy in EGFR-TKI Treatment and Resistance
in Lung Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2016; 19:607-14. [PMID: 27666552 PMCID: PMC5972950 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2016.09.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
表皮生长因子受体激酶抑制剂(epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, EGFR-TKI)是一类针对肿瘤细胞中EGFR的异常活化而开发的肿瘤靶向药物,可以有效抑制带有EGFR敏感突变的肿瘤细胞的生长。然而先天性以及获得性耐药严重制约了该类药物的使用。近些年的研究发现自噬(autophagy),作为一个细胞编码的高度保守的应对压力的存活机制,其与肿瘤的发生发展及抗肿瘤药物的耐药密切相关。EGFR的激活可以通过多条通路调控自噬。EGFR-TKI也可以诱导自噬,且自噬在EGFR-TKI的治疗和产生耐药性的过程中发挥着双刃剑的作用:一方面EGFR-TKI诱导的自噬是肿瘤细胞的一个保护机制,联合使用自噬抑制剂可以增强药物的细胞毒性效果;同时还有研究证明EGFR-TKI诱导的高水平自噬可以在凋亡缺陷的细胞中造成自噬性死亡,这种情况下联合使用自噬诱导剂则可能产生更好的效果。因此,针对不同的情况通过调控自噬以提高EGFR-TKI的治疗效果是一个颇具前景的治疗方案。本文对EGFR-TKI和自噬相关的信号通路进行了阐述,并对自噬在EGFR-TKI类药物对肺癌的治疗和耐药中作用的最新研究进展进行了总结,为设计联合方案提高EGFR-TKI的抑制效果,降低耐药性提供线索。
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Affiliation(s)
- Qicheng Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
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19
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Saleh T, Cuttino L, Gewirtz DA. Autophagy is not uniformly cytoprotective: a personalized medicine approach for autophagy inhibition as a therapeutic strategy in non-small cell lung cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:2130-6. [PMID: 27316314 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In addition to surgical resection, which is considered first-line treatment at early stages of the disease, chemotherapy and radiation are widely used when the disease is advanced. Of multiple responses that may occur in the tumor cells in response to cancer therapy, the functional importance of autophagy remains equivocal; this is likely to restrict current efforts to sensitize this malignancy to chemotherapy and/or radiation by pharmacological interference with the autophagic response. SCOPE OF REVIEW In this review, we attempt to summarize the current state of knowledge based on studies that evaluated the function of autophagy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells in response to radiation and the most commonly used chemotherapeutic agents. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS In addition to the expected prosurvival function of autophagy, where autophagy inhibition enhances the response to therapy, autophagy appears also to have a "non-cytoprotective" function, where autophagy blockade does not affect cell viability, clonogenicity or tumor volume in response to therapy. In other cases, autophagy may actually mediate drug action via expression of its cytotoxic function. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE These observations emphasize the complexity of autophagy function when examined in different tumor cell lines and in response to different chemotherapeutic agents. A more in-depth understanding of the conditions that promote the unique functions of autophagy is required in order to translate preclinical findings of autophagy inhibition to the clinic for the purpose of improving patient response to chemotherapy and radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareq Saleh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, 401 College St., Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Laurie Cuttino
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Henrico Doctor's Hospital, 1602 Skipwith Rd, Richmond, VA 23229, United States
| | - David A Gewirtz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, 401 College St., Richmond, VA 23298, United States; Department of Medicine, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, 401 College St., Richmond, VA 23298, United States.
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20
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Sakuma Y, Nishikiori H, Hirai S, Yamaguchi M, Yamada G, Watanabe A, Hasegawa T, Kojima T, Niki T, Takahashi H. Prolyl isomerase Pin1 promotes survival in EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma cells with an epithelial-mesenchymal transition phenotype. J Transl Med 2016; 96:391-8. [PMID: 26752745 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2015.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The secondary epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) T790M mutation is the most prominent mechanism that confers resistance to first- or second-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in lung cancer treatment. Although third-generation EGFR TKIs can suppress the kinase activity of T790M-positive EGFR, they still cannot eradicate EGFR-mutated cancer cells. We previously reported that a subpopulation of EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinomas depends on enhanced autophagy, instead of EGFR, for survival, and in this study we explore another mechanism that contributes to TKI resistance. We demonstrate here that an EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma cell line, H1975 (L858R+T790M), has a subset of cells that exhibits an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype and can thrive in the presence of third-generation EGFR TKIs. These cells depend on not only autophagy but also on the isomerase Pin1 for survival in vitro, unlike their parental cells. The Pin1 protein was expressed in an EGFR-mutant lung cancer tissue that has undergone partial EMT and acquired resistance to EGFR TKIs, but not its primary tumor. These findings suggest that inhibition of Pin1 activity can be a novel strategy in lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Sakuma
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Nishikiori
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Sachie Hirai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Miki Yamaguchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Gen Yamada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Watanabe
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Hasegawa
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kojima
- Department of Cell Science, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toshiro Niki
- Department of Pathology, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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21
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Harris EA, Koh EJ, Moffat J, McMillen DR. Automated inference procedure for the determination of cell growth parameters. Phys Rev E 2016; 93:012402. [PMID: 26871096 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.93.012402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The growth rate and carrying capacity of a cell population are key to the characterization of the population's viability and to the quantification of its responses to perturbations such as drug treatments. Accurate estimation of these parameters necessitates careful analysis. Here, we present a rigorous mathematical approach for the robust analysis of cell count data, in which all the experimental stages of the cell counting process are investigated in detail with the machinery of Bayesian probability theory. We advance a flexible theoretical framework that permits accurate estimates of the growth parameters of cell populations and of the logical correlations between them. Moreover, our approach naturally produces an objective metric of avoidable experimental error, which may be tracked over time in a laboratory to detect instrumentation failures or lapses in protocol. We apply our method to the analysis of cell count data in the context of a logistic growth model by means of a user-friendly computer program that automates this analysis, and present some samples of its output. Finally, we note that a traditional least squares fit can provide misleading estimates of parameter values, because it ignores available information with regard to the way in which the data have actually been collected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edouard A Harris
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 60 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A7, Canada
| | - Eun Jee Koh
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Jason Moffat
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - David R McMillen
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario, L5L 1C6, Canada.,Impact Centre, University of Toronto, 112 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1A7, Canada
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22
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Lee JG, Wu R. Erlotinib-cisplatin combination inhibits growth and angiogenesis through c-MYC and HIF-1α in EGFR-mutated lung cancer in vitro and in vivo. Neoplasia 2015; 17:190-200. [PMID: 25748238 PMCID: PMC4351293 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Combination treatment for non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is becoming more popular due to the anticipation that it may be more effective than single drug treatment. In addition, there are efforts to genetically screen patients for specific mutations in light of attempting to administer specific anticancer agents that are most effective. In this study, we evaluate the anticancer and anti-angiogenic effects of low dose erlotinib-cisplatin combination in NSCLC in vitro and in vivo. In NSCLC cells harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, combination erlotinib-cisplatin treatment led to synergistic cell death, but there was minimal efficacy in NSCLC cells with wild-type EGFR. In xenograft models, combination treatment also demonstrated greater inhibition of tumor growth compared to individual treatment. The anti-tumor effect observed was secondary to the targeting of angiogenesis, evidenced by decreased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels and decreased levels of CD31 and microvessel density. Combination treatment targets angiogenesis through down-regulation of the c-MYC/hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) pathway. In fact, cell lines with EGFR exon 19 deletions expressed high basal levels of c-MYC and HIF-1α and correlate with robust responses to combination treatment. These results suggest that low dose erlotinib-cisplatin combination exhibits its anti-tumor activity by targeting angiogenesis through the modulation of the c-MYC/HIF-1α/VEGF pathway in NSCLC with EGFR exon 19 deletions. These findings may have significant clinical implications in patients with tumors harboring EGFR exon 19 deletions as they may be particularly sensitive to this regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine G Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology and Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Reen Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology and Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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23
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Wang DD, Ma L, Wong MP, Lee VHF, Yan H. Contribution of EGFR and ErbB-3 Heterodimerization to the EGFR Mutation-Induced Gefitinib- and Erlotinib-Resistance in Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma Treatments. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128360. [PMID: 25993617 PMCID: PMC4439022 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
EGFR mutation-induced drug resistance has become a major threat to the treatment of non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Essentially, the resistance mechanism involves modifications of the intracellular signaling pathways. In our work, we separately investigated the EGFR and ErbB-3 heterodimerization, regarded as the origin of intracellular signaling pathways. On one hand, we combined the molecular interaction in EGFR heterodimerization with that between the EGFR tyrosine kinase and its inhibitor. For 168 clinical subjects, we characterized their corresponding EGFR mutations using molecular interactions, with three potential dimerization partners (ErbB-2, IGF-1R and c-Met) of EGFR and two of its small molecule inhibitors (gefitinib and erlotinib). Based on molecular dynamics simulations and structural analysis, we modeled these mutant-partner or mutant-inhibitor interactions using binding free energy and its components. As a consequence, the mutant-partner interactions are amplified for mutants L858R and L858R_T790M, compared to the wild type EGFR. Mutant delL747_P753insS represents the largest difference between the mutant-IGF-1R interaction and the mutant-inhibitor interaction, which explains the shorter progression-free survival of an inhibitor to this mutant type. Besides, feature sets including different energy components were constructed, and efficient regression trees were applied to map these features to the progression-free survival of an inhibitor. On the other hand, we comparably examined the interactions between ErbB-3 and its partners (EGFR mutants, IGF-1R, ErbB-2 and c-Met). Compared to others, c-Met shows a remarkably-strong binding with ErbB-3, implying its significant role in regulating ErbB-3 signaling. Moreover, EGFR mutants corresponding to poor clinical outcomes, such as L858R_T790M, possess lower binding affinities with ErbB-3 than c-Met does. This may promote the communication between ErbB-3 and c-Met in these cancer cells. The analysis verified the important contribution of IGF-1R or c-Met in the drug resistance mechanism developed in lung cancer treatments, which may bring many benefits to specialized therapy design and innovative drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debby D. Wang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- * E-mail:
| | - Lichun Ma
- Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Maria P. Wong
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Victor H. F. Lee
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Hong Yan
- Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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24
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Xie T, Li SJ, Guo MR, Wu Y, Wang HY, Zhang K, Zhang X, Ouyang L, Liu J. Untangling knots between autophagic targets and candidate drugs, in cancer therapy. Cell Prolif 2015; 48:119-39. [PMID: 25650136 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved lysosomal mechanism implicated in a wide variety of pathological processes, such as cancer. Autophagy can be regulated by a limited number of autophagy-related genes (Atgs) such as oncogenic Bcl-2/Bcl-XL , mTORC1, Akt and PI3KCI, and tumour suppressive proteins PI3KCIII, Beclin-1, Bif-1, p53, DAPKs, PTEN and UVRAG, which play their crucial roles in regulating autophagy-related cancer. As autophagy has a dual role in cancer cells, with tumour-promoting and tumour-suppressing properties, it has become an attractive target for a series of emerging small molecule drugs. In this review, we reveal new discoveries of related small molecules or chemical compounds that can regulate autophagic pathways and lead to pro-death or pro-survival autophagy, in different types of cancer. We discuss the knots between autophagic targets and candidate drugs, in the hope of shedding new light on exploiting new anti-tumour small molecule drugs for future cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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25
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Wada Y, Iyoda M, Matsumoto K, Shindo-Hirai Y, Kuno Y, Yamamoto Y, Suzuki T, Saito T, Iseri K, Shibata T. Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibition with erlotinib partially prevents cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111728. [PMID: 25390346 PMCID: PMC4229108 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of blocking the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in acute kidney injury (AKI) are controversial. Here we investigated the renoprotective effect of erlotinib, a selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor that can block EGFR activity, on cisplatin (CP)-induced AKI. Groups of animals were given either erlotinib or vehicle from one day before up to Day 3 following induction of CP-nephrotoxicity (CP-N). In addition, we analyzed the effects of erlotinib on signaling pathways involved in CP-N by using human renal proximal tubular cells (HK-2). Compared to controls, rats treated with erlotinib exhibited significant improvement of renal function and attenuation of tubulointerstitial injury, and reduced the number of apoptotic and proliferating cells. Erlotinib-treated rats had a significant reduction of renal cortical mRNA for profibrogenic genes. The Bax/Bcl-2 mRNA and protein ratios were significantly reduced by erlotinib treatment. In vitro, we observed that erlotinib significantly reduced the phosphorylation of MEK1 and Akt, processes that were induced by CP in HK-2. Taken together, these data indicate that erlotinib has renoprotective properties that are likely mediated through decreases in the apoptosis and proliferation of tubular cells, effects that reflect inhibition of downstream signaling pathways of EGFR. These results suggest that erlotinib may be useful for preventing AKI in patients receiving CP chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Wada
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Iyoda
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Kei Matsumoto
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Shindo-Hirai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kuno
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Yamamoto
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taihei Suzuki
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Saito
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Iseri
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Shibata
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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26
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EGFR inhibitors and autophagy in cancer treatment. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:11701-9. [PMID: 25293518 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2660-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor treatment is a strategy for cancer therapy. However, innate and acquired resistance is a major obstacle of the efficacy. Autophagy is a self-digesting process in cells, which is considered to be associated with anti-cancer drug resistance. The activation of EGFR can regulate autophagy through multiple signal pathways. EGFR inhibitors can induce autophagy, but the specific function of the induction of autophagy by EGFR inhibitors remains biphasic. On the one hand, autophagy induced by EGFR inhibitors acts as a cytoprotective response in cancer cells, and autophagy inhibitors can enhance the cytotoxic effects of EGFR inhibitors. On the other hand, a high level of autophagy after treatment of EGFR inhibitors can also result in autophagic cell death lacking features of apoptosis, and the combination of EGFR inhibitors with an autophagy inducer might be beneficial. Thus, autophagy regulation represents a promising approach for improving the efficacy of EGFR inhibitors in the treatment of cancer patients.
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27
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Nihira K, Miki Y, Iida S, Narumi S, Ono K, Iwabuchi E, Ise K, Mori K, Saito M, Ebina M, Sato I, Maemondo M, Yamada-Okabe H, Kondo T, Sasano H. An activation of LC3A-mediated autophagy contributes to de novo and acquired resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in lung adenocarcinoma. J Pathol 2014; 234:277-88. [PMID: 24687913 DOI: 10.1002/path.4354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The development of therapeutic resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs, ie erlotinib or gefitinib) has been the major clinical problem when treating lung adenocarcinoma patients with these agents. However, its mechanisms have not necessarily been well studied to this date. Autophagy has been recently considered to play pivotal roles in escaping from the effects of anti-neoplastic agents. Therefore, in this study, we examined its roles in the development of resistance to EGFR-TKIs in lung adenocarcinoma. We first established erlotinib-resistant cell lines (PC9/ER) from parental PC9 cells by exposing the cells to erlotinib. In PC9/ER, autophagy-related LC3A expression came to be up-regulated and constitutive activation of LC3A-mediated autophagy became more pronounced through the process of acquiring therapeutic resistance. In addition, inhibition of LC3A or autophagy restores sensitivity to EGFR-TKIs in PC9/ER. LC3A was also activated at the transcriptional level in de novo resistant cells via demethylation of the MAP1LC3A gene. We then evaluated the status of LC3A in 169 lung adenocarcinoma patients using immunohistochemistry. LC3A immunoreactivity was only detected in carcinoma cells (89/169 patients), not in non-tumoural cells. In addition, LC3A immunoreactivity was significantly correlated with progression-free survival (p = 0.0039) and overall survival (p = 0.0040) of 35 patients treated with EGFR-TKIs. The results of our present study demonstrated that LC3A-mediated autophagy in carcinoma cells was involved in the development of resistance to EGFR-TKIs, and that LC3A could serve as a promising therapeutic target for overcoming resistance to EGFR-TKIs and a novel predictor of response to EGFR-TKIs in lung adenocarcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaito Nihira
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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28
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Lee BY, Hochgräfe F, Lin HM, Castillo L, Wu J, Raftery MJ, Martin Shreeve S, Horvath LG, Daly RJ. Phosphoproteomic profiling identifies focal adhesion kinase as a mediator of docetaxel resistance in castrate-resistant prostate cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2013; 13:190-201. [PMID: 24194567 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-13-0225-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Docetaxel remains the standard-of-care for men diagnosed with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, only approximately 50% of patients benefit from treatment and all develop docetaxel-resistant disease. Here, we characterize global perturbations in tyrosine kinase signaling associated with docetaxel resistance and thereby develop a potential therapeutic strategy to reverse this phenotype. Using quantitative mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics, we identified that metastatic docetaxel-resistant prostate cancer cell lines (DU145-Rx and PC3-Rx) exhibit increased phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) on Y397 and Y576, in comparison with parental controls (DU145 and PC3, respectively). Bioinformatic analyses identified perturbations in pathways regulating focal adhesions and the actin cytoskeleton and in protein-protein interaction networks related to these pathways in docetaxel-resistant cells. Treatment with the FAK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) PF-00562271 reduced FAK phosphorylation in the resistant cells, but did not affect cell viability or Akt phosphorylation. Docetaxel administration reduced FAK and Akt phosphorylation, whereas cotreatment with PF-00562271 and docetaxel resulted in an additive attenuation of FAK and Akt phosphorylation and overcame the chemoresistant phenotype. The enhanced efficacy of cotreatment was due to increased autophagic cell death, rather than apoptosis. These data strongly support that enhanced FAK activation mediates chemoresistance in CRPC, and identify a potential clinical niche for FAK TKIs, where coadministration with docetaxel may be used in patients with CRPC to overcome chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Y Lee
- Corresponding Author: Roger J. Daly, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Level 1, Building 77, Monash University, VIC 3800, Australia. Telephone: 61-3-990-29301;
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29
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Ahmad A, Maitah MY, Ginnebaugh KR, Li Y, Bao B, Gadgeel SM, Sarkar FH. Inhibition of Hedgehog signaling sensitizes NSCLC cells to standard therapies through modulation of EMT-regulating miRNAs. J Hematol Oncol 2013; 6:77. [PMID: 24199791 PMCID: PMC3852827 DOI: 10.1186/1756-8722-6-77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epidermal growth factor receptor- tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) benefit Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, and an EGFR-TKIi erlotinib, is approved for patients with recurrent NSCLC. However, resistance to erlotinib is a major clinical problem. Earlier we have demonstrated the role of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling in Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal transition (EMT) of NSCLC cells, leading to increased proliferation and invasion. Here, we investigated the role of Hh signaling in erlotinib resistance of TGF-β1-induced NSCLC cells that are reminiscent of EMT cells. Methods Hh signaling was inhibited by specific siRNA and by GDC-0449, a small molecule antagonist of G protein coupled receptor smoothened in the Hh pathway. Not all NSCLC patients are likely to benefit from EGFR-TKIs and, therefore, cisplatin was used to further demonstrate a role of inhibition of Hh signaling in sensitization of resistant EMT cells. Specific pre- and anti-miRNA preparations were used to study the mechanistic involvement of miRNAs in drug resistance mechanism. Results siRNA-mediated inhibition as well as pharmacological inhibition of Hh signaling abrogated resistance of NSCLC cells to erlotinib and cisplatin. It also resulted in re-sensitization of TGF-β1-induced A549 (A549M) cells as well the mesenchymal phenotypic H1299 cells to erlotinib and cisplatin treatment with concomitant up-regulation of cancer stem cell (CSC) markers (Sox2, Nanog and EpCAM) and down-regulation of miR-200 and let-7 family miRNAs. Ectopic up-regulation of miRNAs, especially miR-200b and let-7c, significantly diminished the erlotinib resistance of A549M cells. Inhibition of Hh signaling by GDC-0449 in EMT cells resulted in the attenuation of CSC markers and up-regulation of miR-200b and let-7c, leading to sensitization of EMT cells to drug treatment, thus, confirming a connection between Hh signaling, miRNAs and drug resistance. Conclusions We demonstrate that Hh pathway, through EMT-induction, leads to reduced sensitivity to EGFR-TKIs in NSCLCs. Therefore, targeting Hh pathway may lead to the reversal of EMT phenotype and improve the therapeutic efficacy of EGFR-TKIs in NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Fazlul H Sarkar
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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30
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Enhanced autophagy is required for survival in EGFR-independent EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma cells. J Transl Med 2013; 93:1137-46. [PMID: 23938604 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2013.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancers harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations depend on constitutive activation of the kinase for survival. Although most EGFR-mutant lung cancers are sensitive to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and shrink in response to treatment, acquired resistance to TKI therapy is common. We demonstrate here that two EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, HCC827 and HCC4006, contain a subpopulation of cells that have undergone epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and survive independent of activated EGFR. These EGFR-independent cancer cells, herein termed gefitinib-resistant (GR) cells, demonstrate higher levels of basal autophagy than their parental cells and thrive under hypoxic, reduced-serum conditions in vitro; this somewhat simulates the hypoxic environment common to cancerous tissues. We show that depletion of the essential autophagy gene, ATG5, by small interfering RNA (siRNA) or chloroquine, an autophagy inhibitor, markedly reduces GR cell viability under hypoxic conditions. Moreover, we show a significant elevation in caspase activity in GR cells following knockdown of ATG5. These results suggest that GR cells can evade apoptosis and survive in hostile, hypoxic environments with constant autophagic flux. We also show the presence of autophagosomes in some cancer cells from patient samples, even in untreated EGFR-mutant lung cancer tissue samples. Together, our results indicate that autophagy inhibitors alone or in combination with EGFR TKIs may be an effective approach for the treatment of EGFR-mutant lung cancers, where basal autophagy of some cancer cells is upregulated.
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31
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Nakahira K, Choi AMK. Autophagy: a potential therapeutic target in lung diseases. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2013; 305:L93-107. [PMID: 23709618 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00072.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy (hereafter referred to as autophagy) is an evolutionally conserved intracellular process to maintain cellular homeostasis by facilitating the turnover of protein aggregates, cellular debris, and damaged organelles. During autophagy, cytosolic constituents are engulfed into double-membrane-bound vesicles called "autophagosomes," which are subsequently delivered to the lysosome for degradation. Accumulated evidence suggests that autophagy is critically involved not only in the basal physiological states but also in the pathogenesis of various human diseases. Interestingly, a diverse variety of clinically approved drugs modulate autophagy to varying extents, although they are not currently utilized for the therapeutic purpose of manipulating autophagy. In this review, we highlight the functional roles of autophagy in lung diseases with focus on the recent progress of the potential therapeutic use of autophagy-modifying drugs in clinical medicine. The purpose of this review is to discuss the merits, and the pitfalls, of modulating autophagy as a therapeutic strategy in lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiichi Nakahira
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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32
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Tang J, Salama R, Gadgeel SM, Sarkar FH, Ahmad A. Erlotinib resistance in lung cancer: current progress and future perspectives. Front Pharmacol 2013; 4:15. [PMID: 23407898 PMCID: PMC3570789 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2013.00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cancer in the world. Despite modern advancements in surgeries, chemotherapies, and radiotherapies over the past few years, lung cancer still remains a very difficult disease to treat. This has left the death rate from lung cancer victims largely unchanged throughout the past few decades. A key cause for the high mortality rate is the drug resistance that builds up for patients being currently treated with the chemotherapeutic agents. Although certain chemotherapeutic agents may initially effectively treat lung cancer patients, there is a high probability that there will be a reoccurrence of the cancer after the patient develops resistance to the drug. Erlotinib, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeting tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been approved for localized as well as metastatic non-small cell lung cancer where it seems to be more effective in patients with EGFR mutations. Resistance to erlotinib is a common observation in clinics and this review details our current knowledge on the subject. We discuss the causes of such resistance as well as innovative research to overcome it. Evidently, new chemotherapy strategies are desperately needed in order to better treat lung cancer patients. Current research is investigating alternative treatment plans to enhance the chemotherapy that is already offered. Better insight into the molecular mechanisms behind combination therapy pathways and even single molecular pathways may help improve the efficacy of the current treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Tang
- Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroit, MI, USA
| | - Rasha Salama
- Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroit, MI, USA
| | - Shirish M. Gadgeel
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroit, MI, USA
| | - Fazlul H. Sarkar
- Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroit, MI, USA
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroit, MI, USA
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroit, MI, USA
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