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Khalifa MO, Yan C, Chai Y, Ito K, Zhang SH, Li TS. Hydrostatic pressure mediates epithelial-mesenchymal transition of cholangiocytes through RhoA/ROCK and TGF-β/smad pathways. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300548. [PMID: 38578740 PMCID: PMC10997127 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Biomechanical cue within the tissue microenvironment is known to play a critical role in regulating cell behaviors and maintaining tissue homeostasis. As hydrostatic pressure often increases in biliary system under pathological states, we investigated the effect of the moderate elevation of the hydrostatic pressure on biliary epithelial cells, especially on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells were loaded to hydrostatic pressure using a commercial device. We found that loading the cells to 50 mmHg hydrostatic pressure induced obvious morphological changes and significantly upregulated vimentin, ZEB1, and pSmad2/3, fibronectin, and collagen 1α. All changes induced by hydrostatic pressure loading were effectively mitigated by either ROCK inhibitor (Y-27632) or ALK5 inhibitor (SB-431542). Our in vitro experimental data suggests that hydrostatic pressure loading induces EMT of cholangiocytes through RhoA/ROCK and TGF-β/Smad pathways. Elevated hydrostatic pressure in biliary duct system under pathological states may promote the biliary epithelial cells shifting to profibrotic and mesenchymal characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Osman Khalifa
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Molecular Bone Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Chen Yan
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yong Chai
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangxi Provincial Children’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Kosei Ito
- Department of Molecular Bone Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shou-Hua Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangxi Provincial Children’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tao-Sheng Li
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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Abozaid OAR, Rashed LA, El-Sonbaty SM, Abu-Elftouh AI, Ahmed ESA. Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Selenium Nanoparticles Synergize with Low Dose of Gamma Radiation to Suppress Mammary Gland Carcinogenesis via Regulation of Tumor Microenvironment. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:338-352. [PMID: 35138531 PMCID: PMC9823077 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03146-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent and deadliest cancers among women in the world because of its aggressive behavior and inadequate response to conventional therapies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) combined with green nanomaterials could be an efficient tool in cell cancer therapy. This study examined the curative effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) with selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) coated with fermented soymilk and a low dose of gamma radiation (LDR) in DMBA-induced mammary gland carcinoma in female rats. DMBA-induced mammary gland carcinoma as marked by an elevation of mRNA level of cancer promoter genes (Serpin and MIF, LOX-1, and COL1A1) and serum level of VEGF, TNF-α, TGF-β, CA15-3, and caspase-3 with the reduction in mRNA level of suppressor gene (FST and ADRP). These deleterious effects were hampered after treatment with BM-MSCs (1 × 106 cells/rat) once and daily administration of SeNPs (20 mg/kg body weight) and exposure once to (0.25 Gy) LDR. Finally, MSCs, SeNPs, and LDR notably modulated the expression of multiple tumor promoters and suppressor genes playing a role in breast cancer induction and suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omayma A. R. Abozaid
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Banha, Egypt
| | - Laila A. Rashed
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sawsan M. El-Sonbaty
- Radiation Microbiology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Esraa S. A. Ahmed
- Radiation Biology Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, Cairo, 11787 Egypt
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Zhu Y, Zhang Y, Jiang R, Zhao K, Zhou J. MicroRNA-29a May Influence Myopia Development by Regulating Collagen I. Curr Eye Res 2021; 47:468-476. [PMID: 34766525 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2021.1998542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to characterize the regulatory role of microRNA-29a (miR-29a) in myopia, providing support for potential biomarkers and new therapeutic targets of myopia in humans. METHODS The miR-29a expression level was detected in the aqueous humor and peripheral blood plasma of 21 high myopic patients and eight cataract control patients using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. iTRAQ analysis of proteomes was conducted to show the regulatory effect of miR-29a on human scleral fibroblasts (SFs) cultured in vitro. We also assessed proliferation, migration, and collagen I synthesis in SF cells, mediated by miR-29a. RESULTS MiR-29a expression was significantly higher in the aqueous humor of highly myopic patients than in the cataract control patients (fold change: 4.861, p = 0.001). miR-29a inhibited the synthesis of type I collagen in human SF cells and enhanced cell migration, but had no significant effect on cell proliferation. CONCLUSION MiR-29a was highly expressed in aqueous humor of myopia patients and inhibited the synthesis of type I collagen in human SF cells in vivo, thereby it may play an important role in myopia development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Run Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Keke Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jibo Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
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Huang CW, Lee SY, Wei TT, Kuo YH, Wu ST, Ku HC. A novel caffeic acid derivative prevents renal remodeling after ischemia/reperfusion injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:112028. [PMID: 34399201 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney disease due to renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is a major clinical problem without effective therapies. The injured tubular epithelial cells may undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). It will loss epithelial phenotypes and express the mesenchymal characteristics. The formation of scar tissue in the interstitial space during renal remodeling is caused by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix components and induced fibrosis. This study investigated the effect of caffeic acid ethanolamide (CAEA), a novel caffeic acid derivative, on renal remodeling after injury. The inhibitory role of CAEA on EMT was determined by western blotting, real-time PCR, and immunohistochemistry staining. Treating renal epithelial cells with CAEA in TGF-β exposed cell culture successfully maintained the content of E-cadherin and inhibited the expression of mesenchymal marker, indicating that CAEA prevented renal epithelial cells undergo EMT after TGF-β exposure. Unilateral renal I/R were performed in mice to induce renal remodeling models. CAEA can protect against I/R-induced renal remodeling by inhibiting inflammatory reactions and consecutively inhibiting TGF-β-induced EMT, characterized by the preserved E-cadherin expression and alleviated α-SMA and collagen expression, as well as the alleviated of renal fibrosis. We also revealed that CAEA may exhibits biological activity by targeting TGFBRI. CAEA may antagonize TGF-β signaling by interacting with TGFBR1, thereby blocking binding between TGF-β and TGFBR1 and reducing downstream signaling, such as Smad3 phosphorylation. Our data support the administration of CAEA after I/R as a viable method for preventing the progression of acute renal injury to renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wei Huang
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yi Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taiwan; MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taitung MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Tang Wei
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Hsiung Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Tung Wu
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chun Ku
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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Holliday H, Roden D, Junankar S, Wu SZ, Baker LA, Krisp C, Chan CL, McFarland A, Skhinas JN, Cox TR, Pal B, Huntington ND, Ormandy CJ, Carroll JS, Visvader J, Molloy MP, Swarbrick A. Inhibitor of Differentiation 4 (ID4) represses mammary myoepithelial differentiation via inhibition of HEB. iScience 2021; 24:102072. [PMID: 33554073 PMCID: PMC7851187 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibitor of differentiation (ID) proteins dimerize with basic HLH (bHLH) transcription factors, repressing transcription of lineage-specification genes across diverse cellular lineages. ID4 is a key regulator of mammary stem cells; however, the mechanism by which it achieves this is unclear. Here, we show that ID4 has a cell autonomous role in preventing myoepithelial differentiation of basal cells in mammary organoids and in vivo. ID4 positively regulates proliferative genes and negatively regulates genes involved in myoepithelial function. Mass spectrometry reveals that ID4 interacts with the bHLH protein HEB, which binds to E-box motifs in regulatory elements of basal developmental genes involved in extracellular matrix and the contractile cytoskeleton. We conclude that high ID4 expression in mammary basal stem cells antagonizes HEB transcriptional activity, preventing myoepithelial differentiation and allowing for appropriate tissue morphogenesis. Downregulation of ID4 during pregnancy modulates gene regulated by HEB, promoting specialization of basal cells into myoepithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Holliday
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Daniel Roden
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Simon Junankar
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Sunny Z. Wu
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Laura A. Baker
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Christoph Krisp
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Mass Spectrometric Proteomics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20251, Germany
| | - Chia-Ling Chan
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Andrea McFarland
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Joanna N. Skhinas
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Thomas R. Cox
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Bhupinder Pal
- ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
| | - Nicholas D. Huntington
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Christopher J. Ormandy
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Jason S. Carroll
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Jane Visvader
- ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Mark P. Molloy
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Alexander Swarbrick
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
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Chen J, Ding ZY, Li S, Liu S, Xiao C, Li Z, Zhang BX, Chen XP, Yang X. Targeting transforming growth factor-β signaling for enhanced cancer chemotherapy. Theranostics 2021; 11:1345-1363. [PMID: 33391538 PMCID: PMC7738904 DOI: 10.7150/thno.51383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
During the past decades, drugs targeting transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) signaling have received tremendous attention for late-stage cancer treatment since TGFβ signaling has been recognized as a prime driver for tumor progression and metastasis. Nonetheless, in healthy and pre-malignant tissues, TGFβ functions as a potent tumor suppressor. Furthermore, TGFβ signaling plays a key role in normal development and homeostasis by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, apoptosis, and immune evasion, and by suppressing tumor-associated inflammation. Therefore, targeting TGFβ signaling for cancer therapy is challenging. Recently, we and others showed that blocking TGFβ signaling increased chemotherapy efficacy, particularly for nanomedicines. In this review, we briefly introduce the TGFβ signaling pathway, and the multifaceted functions of TGFβ signaling in cancer, including regulating the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the behavior of cancer cells. We also summarize TGFβ targeting agents. Then, we highlight TGFβ inhibition strategies to restore the extracellular matrix (ECM), regulate the tumor vasculature, reverse epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and impair the stemness of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) to enhance cancer chemotherapy efficacy. Finally, the current challenges and future opportunities in targeting TGFβ signaling for cancer therapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitang Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ze-yang Ding
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Si Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Sha Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Xiao
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zifu Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medical, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Bi-xiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-ping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangliang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medical, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- GBA Research Innovation Institute for Nanotechnology, Guangdong, 510530, China
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Wang X, Song Z, Hu B, Chen Z, Chen F, Cao C. MicroRNA‑642a‑5p inhibits colon cancer cell migration and invasion by targeting collagen type I α1. Oncol Rep 2020; 45:933-944. [PMID: 33650641 PMCID: PMC7859924 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to explore the mechanism by which microRNA (miR)-642a-5p regulates the migration and invasion of colon cancer cells via collagen type I α1 (COL1A1). The characteristics of miR-642a-5p and COL1A1 were analysed through bioinformatics. Cancer and normal tissues were collected from patients with colon cancer. miR-642a-5p- and COL1A1-overexpressing cell lines were constructed by transfection. A Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the targeting of COL1A1 by miR-642a-5p. Cell Counting Kit-8, wound healing and Transwell assays were used to detect cell viability, migration and invasion, respectively. Protein and mRNA expression levels were examined by western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, respectively. The results revealed that miR-642a-5p expression was significantly upregulated and COL1A1 expression was downregulated in patients with colon cancer. Low levels of miR-642a-5p and high levels of COL1A1 were associated with a poor prognosis in patients with colon cancer. miR-642a-5p directly targeted the 3′-untranslated region of COL1A1 and inhibited COL1A1 expression. Overexpression of miR-642a-5p inhibited cell viability, migration, invasion and epithelial mesenchymal transition. Overexpression of COL1A1 promoted cell viability, migration, invasion and EMT, and partially reversed the inhibitory effects of miR-642a-5p on colon cancer cells. In conclusion, miR-642a-5p inhibited colon cancer cell migration, invasion and EMT by regulating COL1A1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Wang
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, P.R. China
| | - Zhengwei Song
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, P.R. China
| | - Biwen Hu
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, P.R. China
| | - Zhenwei Chen
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, P.R. China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, P.R. China
| | - Chenxi Cao
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, P.R. China
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Meurer SK, Karsdal MA, Weiskirchen R. Advances in the clinical use of collagen as biomarker of liver fibrosis. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2020; 20:947-969. [PMID: 32865433 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2020.1814746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatic fibrosis is the excessive synthesis and deposition of extracellular matrix including collagen in the tissue. Chronic liver insult leads to progressive parenchymal damage, portal hypertension, and cirrhosis. Determination of hepatic collagen by invasive liver biopsy is the gold standard to estimate severity and stage of fibrosis. However, this procedure is associated with pain, carries the risk of infection and bleeding, and is afflicted with a high degree of sampling error. Therefore, there is urgent need for serological collagen-derived markers to assess collagen synthesis/turnover. AREAS COVERED Biochemical properties of collagens, cellular sources of hepatic collagen synthesis, and regulatory aspects in collagen expression. Markers are discussed suitable to estimate hepatic collagen synthesis and/or turnover. Discussed studies were identified through a PubMed search done in May 2020 and the authors' topic knowledge. EXPERT OPINION Hepatic fibrosis is mainly characterized by accumulation of collagen-rich scar tissue. Although traditionally performed liver biopsy is still standard in estimating hepatic fibrosis, there is evidence that noninvasive diagnostic scores and collagen-derived neo-epitopes provide clinical useful information. These noninvasive tests are less expensive than liver biopsy, better tolerated, safer, and more acceptable to patients. Therefore, these tests will lead to dramatic changes in diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen K Meurer
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen , Aachen, Germany
| | - Morten A Karsdal
- Nordic Bioscience, Fibrosis Biomarkers and Research , Herlev, Denmark
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen , Aachen, Germany
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Jeong JH, Kim H, Park SH, Park H, Jeong M, Kwak S, Sung GJ, Song JH, Na Y, Choi KC. A New TGF-β1 Inhibitor, CTI-82, Antagonizes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition through Inhibition of Phospho-SMAD2/3 and Phospho-ERK. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9070143. [PMID: 32605257 PMCID: PMC7408591 DOI: 10.3390/biology9070143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is highly expressed in the tumor microenvironment and known to play a multifunctional role in cancer progression. In addition, TGF-β1 promotes metastasis by inducing epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in a variety of tumors. Thus, inhibition of TGF-β1 is considered an important strategy in the treatment of cancer. In most tumors, TGF-β1 signal transduction exhibits modified or non-functional characteristics, and TGF-β1 inhibitors have various inhibitory effects on cancer cells. Currently, many studies are being conducted to develop TGF-β1 inhibitors from non-toxic natural compounds. We aimed to develop a new TGF-β1 inhibitor to suppress EMT in cancer cells. As a result, improved chalcone-like chain CTI-82 was identified, and its effect was confirmed in vitro. We showed that CTI-82 blocked TGF-β1-induced EMT by inhibiting the cell migration and metastasis of A549 lung cancer cells. In addition, CTI-82 reduced the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of SMAD2/3 and inhibited the expression of various EMT markers. Our results suggest that CTI-82 inhibits tumor growth, migration, and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hoon Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (S.-H.P.); (H.P.); (M.J.); (S.K.); (G.-J.S.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Hyunhee Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (S.-H.P.); (H.P.); (M.J.); (S.K.); (G.-J.S.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Seung-Ho Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (S.-H.P.); (H.P.); (M.J.); (S.K.); (G.-J.S.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Hayeon Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (S.-H.P.); (H.P.); (M.J.); (S.K.); (G.-J.S.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Minseok Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (S.-H.P.); (H.P.); (M.J.); (S.K.); (G.-J.S.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Sungmin Kwak
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (S.-H.P.); (H.P.); (M.J.); (S.K.); (G.-J.S.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Gi-Jun Sung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (S.-H.P.); (H.P.); (M.J.); (S.K.); (G.-J.S.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Ji-Hye Song
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (S.-H.P.); (H.P.); (M.J.); (S.K.); (G.-J.S.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Younghwa Na
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Pocheon 487-010, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.N.); (K.-C.C.); Tel.: +82-2-3010-2087 (K.-C.C.); Fax: +82-2-3010-2642 (K.-C.C.)
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (S.-H.P.); (H.P.); (M.J.); (S.K.); (G.-J.S.); (J.-H.S.)
- Correspondence: (Y.N.); (K.-C.C.); Tel.: +82-2-3010-2087 (K.-C.C.); Fax: +82-2-3010-2642 (K.-C.C.)
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Wang W, Xing H, Huang C, Pan H, Li D. Identification of pancreatic cancer type related factors by Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis. Med Oncol 2020; 37:33. [PMID: 32200436 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-020-1339-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to identify the core modules associated with pancreatic cancer (PC) types and the ncRNAs and transcription factors (TFs) that regulate core module genes by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). WGCNA was used to analyze the union of genes related to PC in NCBI and OMIM databases and the differentially expressed genes screened by TCGA-PAAD database. Samples were clustered according to gene expression in gene modules and Fisher exact method was performed. GO and KEGG were used for enrichment analysis to visually display module genes and screen driver genes. Hypergeometric test method was used to calculate pivot nodes among ncRNAs, TFs and mRNA based on RAID 2.0 and TRRUST v2 databases. The blue and yellow modules were identified as the core modules associated with PC types. MST1R, TMPRSS, MIR198, SULF1, COL1A1 and FAP were the core genes in the modules. Hypergeometric test results showed that ANCR, miR-3134, MT1DP, LOC154449, LOC28329 and other ncRNAs were key factors driving blue module genes, while LINC-ROR, UCA1, SNORD114-4, HEIH, SNORD114-6 and other ncRNAs were key factors driving yellow module genes. TFs with significant regulatory effect on blue module included LCOR, PIAS4, ZEB1, SNAI2, SMARCA4, etc. and on yellow module included HOXC6, PER2, HOXD3, TWIST2, VHL, etc. The core modules associated with PC types were proved as yellow and blue modules, and important ncRNAs and TFs regulating yellow and blue modules were found. This study provides relevant evidence for further identification of PC types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3# Eastern Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Xing
- Department of ICU, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Xiasha Campus, 368# Xiasha Road, Hangzhou, 310019, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Changxin Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hangzhou Normal University Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Xiasha Campus, 368# Xiasha Road, Hangzhou, 310019, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Da Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3# Eastern Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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Shimizu T, Ishida J, Kurozumi K, Ichikawa T, Otani Y, Oka T, Tomita Y, Hattori Y, Uneda A, Matsumoto Y, Date I. δ-Catenin Promotes Bevacizumab-Induced Glioma Invasion. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:812-822. [PMID: 30872378 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The combination of bevacizumab with temozolomide and radiotherapy was shown to prolong progression-free survival in newly diagnosed patients with glioblastoma, and this emphasizes the potential of bevacizumab as a glioma treatment. However, although bevacizumab effectively inhibits angiogenesis, it has also been reported to induce invasive proliferation. This study examined gene expression in glioma cells to investigate the mechanisms of bevacizumab-induced invasion. We made a human glioma U87ΔEGFR cell xenograft model by stereotactically injecting these cells into the brain of animals. We administered bevacizumab intraperitoneally three times per week. At 18 days after tumor implantation, the brains were removed for histopathology and mRNA was extracted. In vivo, bevacizumab treatment increased glioma cell invasion. qRT-PCR array analysis revealed upregulation of δ-catenin (CTNND2) and several other factors. In vitro, bevacizumab treatment upregulated δ-catenin expression. A low concentration of bevacizumab was not cytotoxic, but tumor cell motility was increased in scratch wound assays and two-chamber assays. Overexpression of δ-catenin increased the tumor invasion in vitro and in vivo However, δ-catenin knockdown decreased glioma cell invasiveness. The depth of tumor invasion in the U87ΔEGFR cells expressing δ-catenin was significantly increased compared with empty vector-transfected cells. The increase in invasive capacity induced by bevacizumab therapy was associated with upregulation of δ-catenin expression in invasive tumor cells. This finding suggests that δ-catenin is related to tumor invasion and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Shimizu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Joji Ishida
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kurozumi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Tomotsugu Ichikawa
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Otani
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Oka
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yusuke Tomita
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Hattori
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Atsuhito Uneda
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuji Matsumoto
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Isao Date
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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Zhang Y, Chen B, Wang Y, Zhao Q, Wu W, Zhang P, Miao L, Sun S. NOTCH3 Overexpression and Posttranscriptional Regulation by miR-150 Were Associated With EGFR-TKI Resistance in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Oncol Res 2019; 27:751-761. [PMID: 30732676 PMCID: PMC7848279 DOI: 10.3727/096504018x15372657298381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Acquired resistance remains a key challenge in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) therapy in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Recent studies have shown that Notch signaling is associated with drug resistance. However, its role and possible mechanisms in EGFR-TKI resistance are not yet clear. In our study, we found that among four members of NOTCH1-4, only NOTCH3 was upregulated in LUAD tissues and TKI-resistant cell line (HCC827GR6). Knockdown of NOTCH3 by siRNA significantly inhibited proliferative ability, and decreased colony and sphere formation in HCC827GR6 cells. Then miR-150 was identified as a posttranscriptional regulator of NOTCH3. Its expression was downregulated in LUAD tissues and negatively correlated with NOTCH3 mRNA. The cell proliferation and IC50 of gefitinib were decreased in HCC827GR6 cells transfected with miR-150 mimic, but was reversed when cotransfected with NOTCH3 overexpressed vector. Moreover, we also enrolled 20 patients with advanced LUAD who have taken TKIs as first-line therapy in this study. We found that collagen 1A1 (COL1A1) expression was increased significantly in LUAD tissues both at mRNA and protein levels, and positively correlated with NOTCH3 expression verified in our data and TCGA data. Univariate survival analysis showed that patients with high protein expression of NOTCH3 or COL1A1 were associated with shorter overall survival (OS). Taken together, these results suggest that miR-150/NOTCH3/COL1A1 axis contributed to EGFR-TKI resistance in LUAD, which provide a potential therapeutic target for LUAD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwei Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Bi Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Weijun Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Peiying Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Liyun Miao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Sanyuan Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, P.R. China
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Liu F, Zhang J, Qian J, Wu G, Ma Z. Emodin alleviates CCl4‑induced liver fibrosis by suppressing epithelial‑mesenchymal transition and transforming growth factor‑β1 in rats. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:3262-3270. [PMID: 30066878 PMCID: PMC6102702 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a chronic disease that exhibits a complicated pathophysiology. It is characterized by the deposition of the extracellular matrix. Emodin, an active constituent isolated from rhubarb, has antibacterial, immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects. In the present study, the mechanism through which emodin alleviates liver fibrosis in rats was investigated. A rat model of liver fibrosis was generated by administering CCl4 via subcutaneous injection twice a week for 12 weeks. Emodin or sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), as the vehicle, were intragastrically administered daily. After 12 weeks, the liver function index was examined by blood analysis, histopathological scores of fibrosis was determined by hematoxylin and eosin staining and level of collagen deposition was examined by Masson staining. In addition, protein and RNA samples were collected for further analysis. The results of the present study revealed that emodin significantly reduced the liver function index and level of collagen deposition in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, emodin reduced the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and the phosphorylation levels of mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2/3, and inhibited the CCl4-induced downregulation of E-cadherin and upregulation of the mesenchymal markers, fibronectin and vimentin. The expression levels of TGF-β1, Snail family transcriptional repressor (Snail) 2, Snail, twist-related protein 1 and zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox (ZEB)1 and 2 mRNA were significantly decreased in emodin-treated groups compared with the untreated control. Collectively, the results of the present study suggested that emodin may exert antifibrotic effects via the suppression of TGF-β1 signaling and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Nursing Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Jianmin Qian
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Zhenyu Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
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Yoshida K, Matsuzaki K, Murata M, Yamaguchi T, Suwa K, Okazaki K. Clinico-Pathological Importance of TGF-β/Phospho-Smad Signaling during Human Hepatic Fibrocarcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10060183. [PMID: 29874844 PMCID: PMC6025395 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10060183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic viral hepatitis is a global public health problem, with approximately 570 million persons chronically infected. Hepatitis B and C viruses increase the risk of morbidity and mortality from liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and extrahepatic complications that develop. Hepatitis virus infection induces transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, which influences microenvironments within the infected liver. TGF-β promotes liver fibrosis by up-regulating extracellular matrix production by hepatic stellate cells. TGF-β is also up-regulated in patients with HCC, in whom it contributes importantly to bringing about a favorable microenvironment for tumor growth. Thus, TGF-β is thought to be a major factor regulating liver fibrosis and carcinogenesis. Since TGF-β carries out regulatory signaling by influencing the phosphorylation of Smads, we have generated several kinds of phospho-specific antibodies to Smad2/3. Using these, we have identified three types of phospohorylated forms: COOH-terminally phosphorylated Smad2/3 (pSmad2C and pSmad3C), linker phosphorylated Smad2/3 (pSmad2L and pSmad3L), and dually phosphorylated Smad3 (pSmad2L/C and pSmad3L/C). TGF-β-mediated pSmad2/3C signaling terminates cell proliferation; on the other hand, cytokine-induced pSmad3L signaling accelerates cell proliferation and promotes fibrogenesis. This review addresses TGF-β/Smad signal transduction in chronic liver injuries and carcinogenic processes. We also discuss the reversibility of Smad signaling after antiviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsunori Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University 2-5-1, Shin-Machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan.
| | - Koichi Matsuzaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University 2-5-1, Shin-Machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan.
| | - Miki Murata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University 2-5-1, Shin-Machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan.
| | - Takashi Yamaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University 2-5-1, Shin-Machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan.
| | - Kanehiko Suwa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University 2-5-1, Shin-Machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan.
| | - Kazuichi Okazaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University 2-5-1, Shin-Machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan.
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15
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Upregulation of bone morphogenetic protein 1 is associated with poor prognosis of late-stage gastric Cancer patients. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:508. [PMID: 29720137 PMCID: PMC5930761 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4383-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer is the eighth most common cancer in Taiwan, with a 40% 5-year survival rate. Approximately 40% of patients are refractory to chemotherapy. Currently, the anti-HER2 therapy is the only clinically employed targeted therapy. However, only 7% patients in Taiwan are HER2-positive. Identifying candidate target genes will facilitate the development of adjuvant targeted therapy to increase the efficacy of gastric cancer treatment. Methods Clinical specimens were analyzed by targeted RNA sequencing to assess the expression levels of target genes. Statistical significance of differential expression and correlation between specimens was evaluated. The correlation with patient survival was analyzed as well. In vitro cell mobility was determined using wound-healing and transwell mobility assays. Results Expression of BMP1, COL1A1, STAT3, SOX2, FOXA2, and GATA6 was progressively dysregulated through the stages of gastric oncogenesis. The expression profile of these six genes forms an ubiquitously biomarker signature that is sufficient to differentiate cancer from non-cancerous specimens. High expression status of BMP1 correlates with poor long-term survival of late-stage patients. In vitro, suppression of BMP1 inhibits the mobility of the gastric cancer cell lines, indicating a role of BMP1 in metastasis. Conclusions BMP1 is upregulated in gastric cancer and is correlated with poor patient survival. Suppression of BMP1 reduced gastric cancer mobility in vitro. Our finding suggests that anti-BMP1 therapy will likely augment the efficacy of standard chemotherapy and improve the treatment outcome.
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16
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hsa-miR-320d and hsa-miR-582, miRNA Biomarkers of Aortic Dissection, Regulate Apoptosis of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2018. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Pudova EA, Kudryavtseva AV, Fedorova MS, Zaretsky AR, Shcherbo DS, Lukyanova EN, Popov AY, Sadritdinova AF, Abramov IS, Kharitonov SL, Krasnov GS, Klimina KM, Koroban NV, Volchenko NN, Nyushko KM, Melnikova NV, Chernichenko MA, Sidorov DV, Alekseev BY, Kiseleva MV, Kaprin AD, Dmitriev AA, Snezhkina AV. HK3 overexpression associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:113. [PMID: 29504907 PMCID: PMC5836836 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-4477-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cancer worldwide. The main cause of death in CRC includes tumor progression and metastasis. At molecular level, these processes may be triggered by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and necessitates specific alterations in cell metabolism. Although several EMT-related metabolic changes have been described in CRC, the mechanism is still poorly understood. RESULTS Using CrossHub software, we analyzed RNA-Seq expression profile data of CRC derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project. Correlation analysis between the change in the expression of genes involved in glycolysis and EMT was performed. We obtained the set of genes with significant correlation coefficients, which included 21 EMT-related genes and a single glycolytic gene, HK3. The mRNA level of these genes was measured in 78 paired colorectal cancer samples by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Upregulation of HK3 and deregulation of 11 genes (COL1A1, TWIST1, NFATC1, GLIPR2, SFPR1, FLNA, GREM1, SFRP2, ZEB2, SPP1, and RARRES1) involved in EMT were found. The results of correlation study showed that the expression of HK3 demonstrated a strong correlation with 7 of the 21 examined genes (ZEB2, GREM1, TGFB3, TGFB1, SNAI2, TWIST1, and COL1A1) in CRC. CONCLUSIONS Upregulation of HK3 is associated with EMT in CRC and may be a crucial metabolic adaptation for rapid proliferation, survival, and metastases of CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A. Pudova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna V. Kudryavtseva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria S. Fedorova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Elena N. Lukyanova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Asiya F. Sadritdinova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan S. Abramov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey L. Kharitonov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - George S. Krasnov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kseniya M. Klimina
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nadezhda V. Koroban
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nadezhda N. Volchenko
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill M. Nyushko
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nataliya V. Melnikova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria A. Chernichenko
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry V. Sidorov
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris Y. Alekseev
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina V. Kiseleva
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey D. Kaprin
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A. Dmitriev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Han Y, Lian S, Cui X, Meng K, Győrffy B, Jin T, Huang D. Potential options for managing LOX+ ER- breast cancer patients. Oncotarget 2017; 7:32893-901. [PMID: 27147578 PMCID: PMC5078060 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of lysyl oxidase (LOX) is often observed in estrogen receptor negative (ER–) breast cancer patients with bone metastasis. In the present bioinformatics study, we observed that LOX is a prognostic factor for poor progression free survival in patients with ER– breast cancer. LOX overexpression was positively correlated with resistance to radiation, doxorubin and mitoxantrone, but negatively correlated with resistance to bisphosphonate, PARP1 inhibitors, cisplatin, trabectedin and gemcitabine. LOX overexpression was also associated with EMT and stemness of cancer cells, which leads to chemotherapeutic resistance and poor outcome in ER– patients. Although we suggest several therapeutic interventions that may help in the management of LOX+ ER– breast cancer patients, experiments to validate the function of LOX in ER– breast cancer are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Han
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shenyi Lian
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xingran Cui
- Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kexin Meng
- Department of Thyroid Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- Momentum Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,Second Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tao Jin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongsheng Huang
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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Drak Alsibai K, Meseure D. Tumor microenvironment and noncoding RNAs as co-drivers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer metastasis. Dev Dyn 2017; 247:405-431. [PMID: 28691356 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reciprocal interactions between cancer cells and tumor microenvironment (TME) are crucial events in tumor progression and metastasis. Pervasive stromal reprogramming of TME modifies numerous cellular functions, including extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness, inflammation, and immunity. These environmental factors allow selection of more aggressive cells that develop adaptive strategies associating plasticity and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), stem-like phenotype, invasion, immunosuppression, and resistance to therapies. EMT is a morphomolecular process that endows epithelial tumor cells with mesenchymal properties, including reduced adhesion and increased motility. Numerous studies have demonstrated involvement of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as miRNAs and lncRNAs, in tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. NcRNAs regulate every hallmark of cancer and have now emerged as new players in induction and regulation of EMT. The reciprocal regulatory interactions between ncRNAs, TME components, and cancer cells increase the complexity of gene expression and protein translation in cancer. Thus, deeper understanding of molecular mechanisms controlling EMT will not only shed light on metastatic processes of cancer cells, but enhance development of new therapies targeting metastasis. In this review, we will provide recent findings on the role of known ncRNAs relevant to EMT and cancer metastasis and discuss the role of the interaction between ncRNAs and TME as co-drivers of EMT. Developmental Dynamics 247:405-431, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Didier Meseure
- Platform of Investigative Pathology, Curie Institute, Paris, France.,Department of Pathology, Curie Institute, Paris, France
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20
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Liu S, Liao G, Li G. Regulatory effects of COL1A1 on apoptosis induced by radiation in cervical cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int 2017; 17:73. [PMID: 28775672 PMCID: PMC5534093 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-017-0443-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical cancer is a common cancer of women in developing countries, and radiotherapy still remains its predominant therapeutic treatment. Collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1) has been shown to have a radioresistance effect in previous studies. However, such effect of COL1A1 has not yet been revealed in cervical cancer. Methods Expression of COL1A1 in cervical cancer tissues and normal tissues was assessed by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The effect of COL1A1 on radioresistance of human cervical cancer cell lines HeLa and CaSki was assessed using the colony formation assay. Apoptosis alterations were analyzed by flow cytometry. In addition, western blotting was used assessed the alterations of several critical apoptosis and signaling pathway related proteins. Results The expression of COL1A1 was significantly increased in cervical cancer tissues compared with normal tissues at the mRNA and protein level. Further, based on COL1A1 knock down and COL1A1 activation cell models, a negative correlation was observed between COL1A1 expression level and radiosensitivity. Moreover, the findings are further supported by apoptosis analysis that COL1A1 activation could inhibit the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells. Subsequently, a significantly decreased expression of p-AKT and Bcl-2, increased expression of Caspase-3 were observed in the LY294002 plus radiation group compared with radiation alone group, while these influences caused by LY294002 or X-ray radiation were reversed after COL1A1 activation. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the only study to profile the mechanisms that COL1A1 plays a crucial role in cervical cells anti-apoptosis induced by radiation. Therefore, our identification of radioresistance-related COL1A1 in cervical cancer could be a starting point to explore the function of collagens, adding a new dimension to our understanding of the cervical cancer, assisting cancer biologists and clinical oncologists in novel therapeutic strategies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12935-017-0443-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shurong Liu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Tongzipo Road No. 283, Changsha, 410011 Hunan China
| | - Gewang Liao
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Tongzipo Road No. 283, Changsha, 410011 Hunan China
| | - Guowen Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Tongzipo Road No. 283, Changsha, 410011 Hunan China
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Nlandu-Khodo S, Neelisetty S, Phillips M, Manolopoulou M, Bhave G, May L, Clark PE, Yang H, Fogo AB, Harris RC, Taketo MM, Lee E, Gewin LS. Blocking TGF- β and β-Catenin Epithelial Crosstalk Exacerbates CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol 2017; 28:3490-3503. [PMID: 28701516 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2016121351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The TGF-β and Wnt/β-catenin pathways have important roles in modulating CKD, but how these growth factors affect the epithelial response to CKD is not well studied. TGF-β has strong profibrotic effects, but this pleiotropic factor has many different cellular effects depending on the target cell type. To investigate how TGF-β signaling in the proximal tubule, a key target and mediator of CKD, alters the response to CKD, we injured mice lacking the TGF-β type 2 receptor specifically in this epithelial segment. Compared with littermate controls, mice lacking the proximal tubular TGF-β receptor had significantly increased tubular injury and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in two different models of CKD. RNA sequencing indicated that deleting the TGF-β receptor in proximal tubule cells modulated many growth factor pathways, but Wnt/β-catenin signaling was the pathway most affected. We validated that deleting the proximal tubular TGF-β receptor impaired β-catenin activity in vitro and in vivo Genetically restoring β-catenin activity in proximal tubules lacking the TGF-β receptor dramatically improved the tubular response to CKD in mice. Deleting the TGF-β receptor alters many growth factors, and therefore, this ameliorated response may be a direct effect of β-catenin activity or an indirect effect of β-catenin interacting with other growth factors. In conclusion, blocking TGF-β and β-catenin crosstalk in proximal tubules exacerbates tubular injury in two models of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Gautam Bhave
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine and.,Departments of Cell and Developmental Biology
| | | | | | | | - Agnes B Fogo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine and.,Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology.,Pediatrics, and
| | - Raymond C Harris
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine and.,Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,Departments of Medicine and
| | - M Mark Taketo
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ethan Lee
- Departments of Cell and Developmental Biology
| | - Leslie S Gewin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine and .,Departments of Cell and Developmental Biology.,Research, Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee; and
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22
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Sayarlioglu H, Okuyucu A, Bedir A, Salis O, Yenen E, Bekfilavioglu G, Kaya C. Is there any role of epithelial to mesenchymal transition in the pathogenesis of contrast nephropathy? Ren Fail 2016; 38:1249-55. [PMID: 27435174 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2016.1209381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Contrast medium-induced nephropathy is one of the major complications of intravenous contrast medium use. But its pathogenesis is unclear. Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is defined as the transformation of the primer epithelial cells to mesenchymal cells. EMT in tubular cells might cause tubulointerstitial damage. In this study, we investigated whether or not EMT has a role in radiocontrast-induced nephropathy. Radiocontrast medium might be triggering reversible EMT via serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (SGK 1). We investigated the effect of different concentrations of the contrast agent iopromide on human proximal tubule cell (HK-2) culture by measuring the level of SGK1, snail family zinc finger 1 (SNAIL1), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), and collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1). METHODS We conducted a scratch assay and qPCR. HK-2 cells were cultured in the petri dishes/flasks and starved with serum-free medium. The 40, 20, and 10 mg/mL doses of iopromide were administrated to cells. The scratches were photographed immediately and again at the 20th hour. The levels of gene expression of SGK1, SNAIL1, CTGF, and COL1A1 were measured using the real-time qPCR system at the end of the 24th hour. RESULTS Iopromide caused the breaking of intercellular connections, the disappearance of the cobblestone appearance of cells, and the migration of cells at the 20th hour in the scratch assay. It also increased the expression of SGK1, SNAIL1, CTGF, and COL1A1 genes. CONCLUSION Our study concluded that certain important markers of EMT increase in different concentrations of the contrast agent. High osmolality might trigger EMT. The relationship between contrast agent and EMT has not been defined before. Further in vivo and in vitro studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayriye Sayarlioglu
- a Department of Nephrology, Medical Faculty , Ondokuz Mayis University , Samsun , Turkey
| | - Ali Okuyucu
- b Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty , Ondokuz Mayis University , Samsun , Turkey
| | - Abdulkerim Bedir
- b Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty , Ondokuz Mayis University , Samsun , Turkey
| | - Osman Salis
- c Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Health Sciences Faculty , Ondokuz Mayis University , Samsun , Turkey
| | - Eser Yenen
- d Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty , Ondokuz Mayis University , Samsun , Turkey
| | - Garip Bekfilavioglu
- a Department of Nephrology, Medical Faculty , Ondokuz Mayis University , Samsun , Turkey
| | - Coskun Kaya
- a Department of Nephrology, Medical Faculty , Ondokuz Mayis University , Samsun , Turkey
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23
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Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complex physiological and pathological process in which epithelial cells acquire mesenchymal characteristics. EMT occurs during embryogenesis and organ development, wound healing and organ regeneration, tumor migration and invasion. In recent years, cholangiocytes have been shown to undergo EMT in different cholangiopathies including hepatolithiasis. Transforming growth factor-β/Smads signaling is considered the master regulator. The purpose of this article is to introduce the concept and type of EMT, summarize recent advances that support or refute the concept that cholangiocytes are capable of phenotype transition of hepaticlithiasis and discuss the probable mechanism.
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24
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Yoshida K, Murata M, Yamaguchi T, Matsuzaki K, Okazaki K. Reversible Human TGF-β Signal Shifting between Tumor Suppression and Fibro-Carcinogenesis: Implications of Smad Phospho-Isoforms for Hepatic Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transitions. J Clin Med 2016; 5:jcm5010007. [PMID: 26771649 PMCID: PMC4730132 DOI: 10.3390/jcm5010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) are observed during both physiological liver wound healing and the pathological fibrotic/carcinogenic (fibro-carcinogenetic) process. TGF-β and pro-inflammatory cytokine are considered to be the major factors accelerating liver fibrosis and promoting liver carcinogenesis. Smads, consisting of intermediate linker regions connecting Mad homology domains, act as the intracellular mediators of the TGF-β signal transduction pathway. As the TGF-β receptors, c-Jun N-terminal kinase and cyclin-dependent kinase, differentially phosphorylate Smad2/3, we have generated numerous antibodies against linker (L) and C-terminal (C) phosphorylation sites in Smad2/3 and identified four types of phosphorylated forms: cytostatic COOH-terminally-phosphorylated Smad3 (pSmad3C), mitogenic pSmad3L (Ser-213) signaling, fibrogenic pSmad2L (Ser-245/250/255)/C signaling and migratory pSmad2/3L (Thr-220/179)/C signaling. After acute liver injury, TGF-β upregulates pSmad3C signaling and terminates pSmad3L (Ser-213)-mediated hepatocyte proliferation. TGF-β and pro-inflammatory cytokines cooperatively enhance collagen synthesis by upregulating pSmad2L (Thr-220)/C and pSmad3L (Thr-179)/C pathways in activated hepatic stellate cells. During chronic liver injuries, hepatocytes persistently affected by TGF-β and pro-inflammatory cytokines eventually become pre-neoplastic hepatocytes. Both myofibroblasts and pre-neoplastic hepatocyte exhibit the same carcinogenic (mitogenic) pSmad3L (Ser-213) and fibrogenic pSmad2L (Ser-245/250/255)/C signaling, with acquisition of fibro-carcinogenic properties and increasing risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Firstly, we review phospho-Smad-isoform signalings in epithelial and mesenchymal cells in physiological and pathological conditions and then consider Smad linker phosphorylation as a potential target for pathological EMT during human fibro-carcinogenesis, because human Smad phospho-isoform signals can reverse from fibro-carcinogenesis to tumor-suppression in a process of MET after therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsunori Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1, Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan.
| | - Miki Murata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1, Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan.
| | - Takashi Yamaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1, Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan.
| | - Koichi Matsuzaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1, Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan.
| | - Kazuichi Okazaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1, Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan.
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25
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Abstract
Preclinical Research Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is the most severe fibrotic lung disease and characterized by the accumulation of (myo)fibroblasts and collagen within the alveolar wall resulting in obliteration of the gas-exchange surface. Although the detailed pathogenesis is not understood, recent studies have found that several microRNAs (miRNAs) are associated with the progression of lung diseases including IPF. IPF is a fibrotic disease and, most frequently found in an aged population. In this review, the functional roles of miRNAs that are deregulated in IPF progression are discussed together with how aging affects the miRNA signature, altering the fibroblast phenotype and promoting lung fibrosis. Finally, the possibility of targeting miRNAs as a therapeutic approach for the treatment of IPF is discussed.
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26
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Roy S, Benz F, Vargas Cardenas D, Vucur M, Gautheron J, Schneider A, Hellerbrand C, Pottier N, Alder J, Tacke F, Trautwein C, Roderburg C, Luedde T. miR-30c and miR-193 are a part of the TGF-β-dependent regulatory network controlling extracellular matrix genes in liver fibrosis. J Dig Dis 2015; 16:513-24. [PMID: 26120970 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.12266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have recently emerged as novel regulators in liver fibrosis. miR-30c and miR-193 are involved in fibrotic remodeling processes and cancer development, respectively. This study aimed to explore the role of miR-30c and miR-193 in liver fibrosis. METHODS The regulation of miRNAs in carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis was analyzed by microarray. Expression patterns of miR-193 and miR-30c were further confirmed in fibrotic liver samples obtained from two murine models of hepatic fibrosis and human tissues. On a functional level, miRNA levels were analyzed in the context of transforming growth factor (TGF-β) mediated activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Finally, predicted targets were assessed for their roles in fibrosis by transfecting murine HSCs with miRNA mimics. RESULTS Microarray analysis in murine fibrotic livers revealed a panel of 44 dysregulated miRNAs. In addition to previously established miRNAs known to be regulated in liver fibrosis in a TGF-β-dependent manner (e.g., miR-29, miR-133), miR-193 and miR-30c were observed to be specifically downregulated not only in experimental hepatofibrogenesis but also in human liver fibrosis, while they showed a reciprocal expression pattern after recovery from liver fibrosis. Functional experiments confirmed the TGF-β-dependent downregulation of these respective new miRNAs in HSCs. Finally, we identified TGF-β2 and SNAIL1, important regulators of extracellular matrix, as potential target genes of miR-193 and miR-30 in liver fibrosis. CONCLUSION These results suggest that miR-30 and miR-193 are members of a network of miRNAs modifying the TGF-β-dependent regulation of extracellular matrix-related genes in HSCs in the manifestation and resolution of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchari Roy
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Aachen, Germany
| | - Fabian Benz
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Mihael Vucur
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Aachen, Germany
| | - Jeremie Gautheron
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Aachen, Germany
| | - Anne Schneider
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Aachen, Germany
| | - Claus Hellerbrand
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nicolas Pottier
- EA4483, Faculté de Médecine de Lille, Pole Recherche, Lille, France
| | - Jan Alder
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Aachen, Germany
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Aachen, Germany
| | | | | | - Tom Luedde
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Aachen, Germany
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27
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Cicchini C, Amicone L, Alonzi T, Marchetti A, Mancone C, Tripodi M. Molecular mechanisms controlling the phenotype and the EMT/MET dynamics of hepatocyte. Liver Int 2015; 35:302-10. [PMID: 24766136 PMCID: PMC4344819 DOI: 10.1111/liv.12577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The complex spatial and paracrine relationships between the various liver histotypes are essential for proper functioning of the hepatic parenchymal cells. Only within a correct tissue organization, in fact, they stably maintain their identity and differentiated phenotype. The loss of histotype identity, which invariably occurs in the primary hepatocytes in culture, or in vivo in particular pathological conditions (fibrosis and tumours), is mainly because of the phenomenon of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The EMT process, that occurs in the many epithelial cells, appears to be driven by a number of general, non-tissue-specific, master transcriptional regulators. The reverse process, the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET), as yet much less characterized at a molecular level, restores specific epithelial identities, and thus must include tissue-specific master elements. In this review, we will summarize the so far unveiled events of EMT/MET occurring in liver cells. In particular, we will focus on hepatocyte and describe the pivotal role in the control of EMT/MET dynamics exerted by a tissue-specific molecular mini-circuitry. Recent evidence, indeed, highlighted as two transcriptional factors, the master gene of EMT Snail, and the master gene of hepatocyte differentiation HNF4α, exhorting a direct reciprocal repression, act as pivotal elements in determining opposite cellular outcomes. The different balances between these two master regulators, further integrated by specific microRNAs, in fact, were found responsible for the EMT/METs dynamics as well as for the preservation of both hepatocyte and stem/precursor cells identity and differentiation. Overall, these findings impact the maintenance of stem cells and differentiated cells both in in vivo EMT/MET physio-pathological processes as well as in culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Cicchini
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sapienza University of RomeRome, Italy
| | - Laura Amicone
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sapienza University of RomeRome, Italy
| | - Tonino Alonzi
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCSRome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Marchetti
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sapienza University of RomeRome, Italy
| | - Carmine Mancone
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCSRome, Italy
| | - Marco Tripodi
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sapienza University of RomeRome, Italy,National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCSRome, Italy
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28
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Fickert P, Pollheimer MJ, Beuers U, Lackner C, Hirschfield G, Housset C, Keitel V, Schramm C, Marschall HU, Karlsen TH, Melum E, Kaser A, Eksteen B, Strazzabosco M, Manns M, Trauner M. Characterization of animal models for primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). J Hepatol 2014; 60:1290-303. [PMID: 24560657 PMCID: PMC4517670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic cholangiopathy characterized by biliary fibrosis, development of cholestasis and end stage liver disease, high risk of malignancy, and frequent need for liver transplantation. The poor understanding of its pathogenesis is also reflected in the lack of effective medical treatment. Well-characterized animal models are utterly needed to develop novel pathogenetic concepts and study new treatment strategies. Currently there is no consensus on how to evaluate and characterize potential PSC models, which makes direct comparison of experimental results and effective exchange of study material between research groups difficult. The International Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Study Group (IPSCSG) has therefore summarized these key issues in a position paper proposing standard requirements for the study of animal models of PSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Fickert
- Research Unit for Experimental and Molecular Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
| | - Marion J. Pollheimer
- Research Unit for Experimental and Molecular Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Austria,Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Ulrich Beuers
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Gideon Hirschfield
- Centre for Liver Research, Institute of Biomedical Research, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Chantal Housset
- UPMC Univ Paris 06 & INSERM, UMR-S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Verena Keitel
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Düsseldorf Germany
| | | | - Hanns-Ulrich Marschall
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Sweden
| | - Tom H. Karlsen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway,Norwegian PSC Research Center, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Division of Cancer Medicine, Surgery and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway,Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Division of Cancer Medicine, Surgery and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Espen Melum
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway,Norwegian PSC Research Center, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Division of Cancer Medicine, Surgery and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway,Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Division of Cancer Medicine, Surgery and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arthur Kaser
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooek's Hospital, UK
| | - Bertus Eksteen
- Centre for Liver Research, MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, Institute for Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of Birmingham, and The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mario Strazzabosco
- Section of Gastroenterology, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy,Liver Center, Yale University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Michael Manns
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Medical University Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Trauner
- Hans Popper Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
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29
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Xie G, Diehl AM. Evidence for and against epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in the liver. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2013; 305:G881-90. [PMID: 24157970 PMCID: PMC3882441 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00289.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The outcome of liver injury is determined by the success of repair. Liver repair involves replacement of damaged liver tissue with healthy liver epithelial cells (including both hepatocytes and cholangiocytes) and reconstruction of normal liver structure and function. Current dogma posits that replication of surviving mature hepatocytes and cholangiocytes drives the regeneration of liver epithelium after injury, whereas failure of liver repair commonly leads to fibrosis, a scarring condition in which hepatic stellate cells, the main liver-resident mesenchymal cells, play the major role. The present review discusses other mechanisms that might be responsible for the regeneration of new liver epithelial cells and outgrowth of matrix-producing mesenchymal cells during hepatic injury. This theory proposes that, during liver injury, some epithelial cells undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), acquire myofibroblastic phenotypes/features, and contribute to fibrogenesis, whereas certain mesenchymal cells (namely hepatic stellate cells and stellate cell-derived myofibroblasts) undergo mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET), revert to epithelial cells, and ultimately differentiate into either hepatocytes or cholangiocytes. Although this theory is highly controversial, it suggests that the balance between EMT and MET modulates the outcome of liver injury. This review summarizes recent advances that support or refute the concept that certain types of liver cells are capable of phenotype transition (i.e., EMT and MET) during both culture conditions and chronic liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanhua Xie
- Division of Gastroenterology, Duke Univ., Snyderman Bldg., Suite 1073, 595 LaSalle St., Durham, NC 27710.
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