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Miehe W, Czempik L, Klebl F, Lohaus G. Sugar concentrations and expression of SUTs suggest active phloem loading in tall trees of Fagus sylvatica and Quercus robur. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 43:805-816. [PMID: 36579830 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpac152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Phloem loading and sugar distribution are key steps for carbon partitioning in herbaceous and woody species. Although the phloem loading mechanisms in herbs are well studied, less is known for trees. It was shown for saplings of Fagus sylvatica L. and Quercus robur L. that the sucrose concentration in the phloem sap was higher than in the mesophyll cells, which suggests that phloem loading of sucrose involves active steps. However, the question remains whether this also applies for tall trees. To approach this question, tissue-specific sugar and starch contents of small and tall trees of F. sylvatica and Q. robur as well as the sugar concentration in the subcellular compartments of mesophyll cells were examined. Moreover, sucrose uptake transporters (SUTs) were analyzed by heterology expression in yeast and the tissue-specific expressions of SUTs were investigated. Sugar content in leaves of the canopy (11 and 26 m height) was up to 25% higher compared with that of leaves of small trees of F. sylvatica and Q. robur (2 m height). The sucrose concentration in the cytosol of mesophyll cells from tall trees was between 120 and 240 mM and about 4- to 8-fold lower than the sucrose concentration in the phloem sap of saplings. The analyzed SUT sequences of both tree species cluster into three types, similar to SUTs from other plant species. Heterologous expression in yeast confirmed that all analyzed SUTs are functional sucrose transporters. Moreover, all SUTs were expressed in leaves, bark and wood of the canopy and the expression levels in small and tall trees were similar. The results show that the phloem loading in leaves of tall trees of F. sylvatica and Q. robur probably involves active steps, because there is an uphill concentration gradient for sucrose. SUTs may be involved in phloem loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Miehe
- School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Molecular Plant Science/Plant Biochemistry, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal 42119, Germany
| | - Laura Czempik
- School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Molecular Plant Science/Plant Biochemistry, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal 42119, Germany
| | - Franz Klebl
- Department of Biology, Molecular Plant Physiology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Gertrud Lohaus
- School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Molecular Plant Science/Plant Biochemistry, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal 42119, Germany
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Dobbelstein E, Fink D, Öner-Sieben S, Czempik L, Lohaus G. Seasonal changes of sucrose transporter expression and sugar partitioning in common European tree species. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 39:284-299. [PMID: 30388274 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpy120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In temperate woody species, carbon transport from source to sink tissues is a striking physiological process, particularly considering seasonal changes. The functions of different tissues can also alternate across the seasons. In this regard, phloem loading and sugar distribution are important aspects of carbon partitioning, and sucrose uptake transporters (SUTs) play a key role in these processes. Therefore, the influence of seasons and different light-dark conditions on the expression of SUTs from 3-year-old Fagus sylvatica L., Quercus robur L. and Picea abies (L.) Karst. trees were analyzed. In addition, tissue-specific sugar and starch contents under these different environmental conditions were determined. Putative SUTs were identified in the gymnosperms (Picea abies, Ginkgo biloba L.), here for the first time, and also in the angiosperms (Q. robur, F. sylvatica). The identified SUT sequences of the different tree species cluster into three types, similar to other SUTs from herbaceous and tree species. Furthermore, the sequences from angiosperm and those from gymnosperm species form distinct clusters within the three types of SUTs. In F. sylvatica, Q. robur and P. abies, the expression levels of the different SUTs during seasons showed marked variations. Because of the high expression levels of type I SUTs in bark, wood and leaves during active growing phases in spring and summer, it can be assumed that they are involved in phloem loading, sucrose retrieval and possibly in further physiological processes. The expression patterns also indicate a flexible expression in all tissues depending on physiological requirements and environmental conditions. Compared with type I SUTs, the seasonal variations of type II SUT expression were less pronounced, whereas the seasonal variations of the type III SUT expression patterns were partly reverse. In addition to the seasonal regulation, the expressions of the different SUTs were also regulated by light in a diurnal manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Dobbelstein
- Molecular Plant Science/Plant Biochemistry, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Daniel Fink
- Molecular Plant Science/Plant Biochemistry, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Soner Öner-Sieben
- Clinic for General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Paediatric Cardiology, University Clinic Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Laura Czempik
- Molecular Plant Science/Plant Biochemistry, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Gertrud Lohaus
- Molecular Plant Science/Plant Biochemistry, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, Wuppertal, Germany
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Secchi F, Pagliarani C, Zwieniecki MA. The functional role of xylem parenchyma cells and aquaporins during recovery from severe water stress. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:858-871. [PMID: 27628165 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Xylem parenchyma cells [vessel associated cells (VACs)] constitute a significant fraction of the xylem in woody plants. These cells are often closely connected with xylem vessels or tracheids via simple pores (remnants of plasmodesmata fields). The close contact and biological activity of VACs during times of severe water stress and recovery from stress suggest that they are involved in the maintenance of xylem transport capacity and responsible for the restoration of vessel/tracheid functionality following embolism events. As recovery from embolism requires the transport of water across xylem parenchyma cell membranes, an understanding of stem-specific aquaporin expression patterns, localization and activity is a crucial part of any biological model dealing with embolism recovery processes in woody plants. In this review, we provide a short overview of xylem parenchyma cell biology with a special focus on aquaporins. In particular we address their distributions and activity during the development of drought stress, during the formation of embolism and the subsequent recovery from stress that may result in refilling. Complemented by the current biological model of parenchyma cell function during recovery from stress, this overview highlights recent breakthroughs on the unique ability of long-lived perennial plants to undergo cycles of embolism-recovery related to drought/rewetting or freeze/thaw events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Secchi
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Turin, Grugliasco, 10095, Italy
| | - Chiara Pagliarani
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Turin, Grugliasco, 10095, Italy
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Rasheed-Depardieu C, Parelle J, Tatin-Froux F, Parent C, Capelli N. Short-term response to waterlogging in Quercus petraea and Quercus robur: A study of the root hydraulic responses and the transcriptional pattern of aquaporins. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2015; 97:323-30. [PMID: 26519820 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We characterized the short-term response to waterlogging in Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. and Quercus robur L. as the initial response towards their known long-term differences in tolerance to waterlogging. One-month old seedlings were subjected to hypoxic stress and leaf gas exchange, shoot water potential (Ψs) and root hydraulic conductivity (Lpr) were measured. In parallel, the expression of nine aquaporins (AQPs) along the primary root was analysed by quantitative RT-PCR. Results showed a similar reduction in net assimilation (A) and stomatal conductance (gs) for the two species. Notably, the response of Lpr differed temporally between the two species. Q. robur seedlings exhibited a significant early decline of Lpr within the first 5 h that returned to control levels after 48 h, whereas Q. petraea seedlings showed a delayed response with a significant decrease of Lpr exhibited only after 48 h. Transcriptional profiling revealed that three genes (PIP1;3, TIP2;1 and TIP2;2) were differentially regulated under stress conditions in the two oak species. Taken together, these results suggested species-specific responses to short-term waterlogging in terms of root water transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Rasheed-Depardieu
- UMR 6249 Chrono-Environnement, Usc INRA, CNRS - Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, F-25030 Besançon cedex, France.
| | - Julien Parelle
- UMR 6249 Chrono-Environnement, Usc INRA, CNRS - Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, F-25030 Besançon cedex, France
| | - Fabienne Tatin-Froux
- UMR 6249 Chrono-Environnement, Usc INRA, CNRS - Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, F-25030 Besançon cedex, France
| | - Claire Parent
- UMR 6249 Chrono-Environnement, Usc INRA, CNRS - Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, F-25030 Besançon cedex, France
| | - Nicolas Capelli
- UMR 6249 Chrono-Environnement, Usc INRA, CNRS - Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, F-25030 Besançon cedex, France.
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Lepoittevin C, Bodénès C, Chancerel E, Villate L, Lang T, Lesur I, Boury C, Ehrenmann F, Zelenica D, Boland A, Besse C, Garnier-Géré P, Plomion C, Kremer A. Single-nucleotide polymorphism discovery and validation in high-density SNP array for genetic analysis in European white oaks. Mol Ecol Resour 2015; 15:1446-59. [DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Lepoittevin
- UMR 1202 BIOGECO; INRA; Cestas F-33610 France
- UMR 1202 BIOGECO; University of Bordeaux; Pessac F-33600 France
| | - C. Bodénès
- UMR 1202 BIOGECO; INRA; Cestas F-33610 France
- UMR 1202 BIOGECO; University of Bordeaux; Pessac F-33600 France
| | - E. Chancerel
- UMR 1202 BIOGECO; INRA; Cestas F-33610 France
- UMR 1202 BIOGECO; University of Bordeaux; Pessac F-33600 France
| | - L. Villate
- UMR 1202 BIOGECO; INRA; Cestas F-33610 France
- UMR 1202 BIOGECO; University of Bordeaux; Pessac F-33600 France
| | - T. Lang
- UMR 1202 BIOGECO; INRA; Cestas F-33610 France
- UMR 1202 BIOGECO; University of Bordeaux; Pessac F-33600 France
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology; Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Mengla Yunnan 666303 China
| | - I. Lesur
- UMR 1202 BIOGECO; INRA; Cestas F-33610 France
- UMR 1202 BIOGECO; University of Bordeaux; Pessac F-33600 France
- HelixVenture; Mérignac F-33700 France
| | - C. Boury
- UMR 1202 BIOGECO; INRA; Cestas F-33610 France
- UMR 1202 BIOGECO; University of Bordeaux; Pessac F-33600 France
| | - F. Ehrenmann
- UMR 1202 BIOGECO; INRA; Cestas F-33610 France
- UMR 1202 BIOGECO; University of Bordeaux; Pessac F-33600 France
| | - D. Zelenica
- CEA, Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage; 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, CP5721 Evry Cedex F-91057 France
| | - A. Boland
- CEA, Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage; 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, CP5721 Evry Cedex F-91057 France
| | - C. Besse
- CEA, Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage; 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, CP5721 Evry Cedex F-91057 France
| | - P. Garnier-Géré
- UMR 1202 BIOGECO; INRA; Cestas F-33610 France
- UMR 1202 BIOGECO; University of Bordeaux; Pessac F-33600 France
| | - C. Plomion
- UMR 1202 BIOGECO; INRA; Cestas F-33610 France
- UMR 1202 BIOGECO; University of Bordeaux; Pessac F-33600 France
| | - A. Kremer
- UMR 1202 BIOGECO; INRA; Cestas F-33610 France
- UMR 1202 BIOGECO; University of Bordeaux; Pessac F-33600 France
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Rodrigues MI, Bravo JP, Sassaki FT, Severino FE, Maia IG. The tonoplast intrinsic aquaporin (TIP) subfamily of Eucalyptus grandis: Characterization of EgTIP2, a root-specific and osmotic stress-responsive gene. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2013; 213:106-13. [PMID: 24157213 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2013.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins have important roles in various physiological processes in plants, including growth, development and adaptation to stress. In this study, a gene encoding a root-specific tonoplast intrinsic aquaporin (TIP) from Eucalyptus grandis (named EgTIP2) was investigated. The root-specific expression of EgTIP2 was validated over a panel of five eucalyptus organ/tissues. In eucalyptus roots, EgTIP2 expression was significantly induced by osmotic stress imposed by PEG treatment. Histochemical analysis of transgenic tobacco lines (Nicotiana tabacum SR1) harboring an EgTIP2 promoter:GUS reporter cassette revealed major GUS staining in the vasculature and in root tips. Consistent with its osmotic-stress inducible expression in eucalyptus, EgTIP2 promoter activity was up-regulated by mannitol treatment, but was down-regulated by abscisic acid. Taken together, these results suggest that EgTIP2 might be involved in eucalyptus response to drought. Additional searches in the eucalyptus genome revealed the presence of four additional putative TIP coding genes, which could be individually assigned to the classical TIP1-5 groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela I Rodrigues
- UNESP, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Genética, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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