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Malakar P, Gupta SK, Chattopadhyay D. Role of plant neurotransmitters in salt stress: A critical review. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 211:108601. [PMID: 38696867 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Neurotransmitters are naturally found in many plants, but the molecular processes that govern their actions still need to be better understood. Acetylcholine, γ-Aminobutyric acid, histamine, melatonin, serotonin, and glutamate are the most common neurotransmitters in animals, and they all play a part in the development and information processing. It is worth noting that all these chemicals have been found in plants. Although much emphasis has been placed on understanding how neurotransmitters regulate mood and behaviour in humans, little is known about how they regulate plant growth and development. In this article, the information was reviewed and updated considering current thinking on neurotransmitter signaling in plants' metabolism, growth, development, salt tolerance, and the associated avenues for underlying research. The goal of this study is to advance neurotransmitter signaling research in plant biology, especially in the area of salt stress physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paheli Malakar
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Santosh K Gupta
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Debasis Chattopadhyay
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Alcantara-Zapata DE, Lucero N, De Gregorio N, Astudillo Cornejo P, Ibarra Villanueva C, Baltodano-Calle MJ, Gonzales GF, Behn C. Women's mood at high altitude. sexual dimorphism in hypoxic stress modulation by the tryptophan-melatonin axis. Front Physiol 2023; 13:1099276. [PMID: 36733695 PMCID: PMC9887123 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1099276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Sexual (and gender)-dimorphism in tolerance to hypobaric hypoxia increasingly matters for a differential surveillance of human activities at high altitude (HA). At low altitudes, the prevalence of anxiety and depression in women has already been found to double when compared with men; it could be expected to even increase on exposure to HA. In purposefully caring for the health of women at HA, the present work explores the potential involvement of the tryptophan (Trp)-melatonin axis in mood changes on exposure to hypobaric hypoxia. The present work highlights some already known anxiogenic effects of HA exposure. Hypoxia and insomnia reduce serotonin (5-HT) availability; the latter defect being expressed as failure of brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation and mood disorders. Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep organization and synapsis restoration that are additionally affected by hypoxia impair memory consolidation. Affective complaints may thus surge, evolving into anxiety and depression. Sex-related differences in neural network organization and hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle, and certainly also during the life cycle, underscore the possibility of 5-HT-related mood alterations, particularly in women on HA exposure. The mean brain rate of 5-HT synthesis at sea level is already 1.5-fold higher in males than in females. sexual dimorphism also evidences the overexpression effects of SERT, a 5-HT transporter protein. Gonadal and thyroid hormones, as influenced by HA exposure, further modulate 5-HT availability and its effects in women. Besides caring for adequate oxygenation and maintenance of one's body core temperature, special precautions concerning women sojourning at HA should include close observations of hormonal cycles and, perhaps, also trials with targeted antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. E. Alcantara-Zapata
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología y Reproducción, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo (LID), Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - N. Lucero
- Occupational Health Program, School of Public Health, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - N. De Gregorio
- Laboratory of Extreme Environments, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Biomedical Science Institute (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - P. Astudillo Cornejo
- Occupational Ergonomics Program, Department of Kinesiology, University of Atacama, Copiapó, Chile
| | - C. Ibarra Villanueva
- Occupational Ergonomics Program, Department of Kinesiology, University of Atacama, Copiapó, Chile
| | - M. J. Baltodano-Calle
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología y Reproducción, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo (LID), Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - G. F. Gonzales
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología y Reproducción, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo (LID), Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú,High Altitude Research Institute, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - C. Behn
- Laboratory of Extreme Environments, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Biomedical Science Institute (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile,Faculty of Medicine, University of Atacama, Copiapó, Chile,*Correspondence: C. Behn,
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Hou M, Pang Y, Niu C, Zhang D, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Song Y, Shi A, Chen Q, Zhang J, Cheng Y, Yang X. Effects of Dietary L-TRP on Immunity, Antioxidant Capacity and Intestinal Microbiota of the Chinese Mitten Crab ( Eriocheir Sinensis) in Pond Culture. Metabolites 2022; 13:metabo13010001. [PMID: 36676926 PMCID: PMC9866439 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
L-tryptophan (L-TRP) is an essential amino acid for the normal growth of crustaceans. As a nutritional supplement and antioxidant, L-TRP has the function of immune and antioxidant capacity regulation. From July to November, the effects of L-TRP on the immunity, antioxidant capacity and intestinal microflora of the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) in pond culture were investigated. After feeding an L-TRP diet for 30 (named as August), 60 (named as September) and 106 (named as November) days, respectively, the activities of the immune and antioxidant enzymes in the hepatopancreas and hemolymph were evaluated, and the intestinal microbiota were profiled via high-throughput Illumina sequencing. The results showed that supplementation of L-TRP significantly increased the activities of AKP in the hepatopancreas in September, and significantly increased the activities of ACP in the hepatopancreas in August and September, and the hemolymph’s ACP activities also significantly increased in August and November (p < 0.05). Similarly, the activities of SOD, AOC and POD in the hepatopancreas significantly increased in September and November (p < 0.05) after feeding the L-TRP diet; meanwhile, the activities of SOD and AOC in the hemolymph also significantly increased in August (p < 0.05). However, in August, the L-TRP diet resulted in a significant increase in MDA activity in the hepatopancreas and hemolymph (p < 0.05). In addition, the results of the intestinal microbiota analysis showed that Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria were the dominant phyla in August, September and November, and Patescibacteria was the dominant phylum in September and November. After feeding the L-TRP diet, the richness of Cyanobacteria and Desulfobacterota significantly increased in August (p < 0.05), and the richness of Actinobacteriota significantly decreased in September (p < 0.05). Moreover, the L-TRP supplementation significantly reduced the abundance of ZOR0006 in the Firmicutes in September (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary L-TRP could improve the immunity and antioxidant ability and impact the intestinal health of E. sinensis at the early stage of pond culturing. However, long-term feeding of an L-TRP diet might have no positive impact on the activities of the immune, antioxidant enzymes and intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengna Hou
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yangyang Pang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Chao Niu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Dongxin Zhang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yameng Song
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Aoya Shi
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Qing Chen
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Junyan Zhang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yongxu Cheng
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (X.Y.); Tel.: +86-21-6190-0417 (Y.C. & X.Y.)
| | - Xiaozhen Yang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (X.Y.); Tel.: +86-21-6190-0417 (Y.C. & X.Y.)
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Rahmani B, Ghashghayi E, Zendehdel M, Khodadadi M, Hamidi B. The Crosstalk Between Brain Mediators Regulating Food Intake Behavior in Birds: A Review. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10257-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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5-Hydroxytryptamine Modulates Maturation and Mitochondria Function of Human Oligodendrocyte Progenitor M03-13 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052621. [PMID: 33807720 PMCID: PMC7962057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inside the adult CNS, oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCS) are able to proliferate, migrate and differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes (OLs) which are responsible for the production of myelin sheet and energy supply for neurons. Moreover, in demyelinating diseases, OPCs are recruited to the lesion areas where they undergo differentiation and myelin synthesis. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is involved in OLs’ development and myelination, but so far the molecular mechanisms involved or the effects of 5-HT on mitochondria function have not yet been well documented. Our data show that 5-HT inhibits migration and proliferation committing cells toward differentiation in an immortalized human oligodendrocyte precursor cell line, M03-13. Migration blockage is mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation since antioxidants, such as Vit C and Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase, prevent the inhibitory effects of 5-HT on cell migration. 5-HT inhibits OPC migration and proliferation and increases OL phenotypic markers myelin basic protein (MBP) and Olig-2 via protein kinase C (PKC) activation since the inhibitor of PKC, bis-indolyl-maleimide (BIM), counteracts 5-HT effects. NOX inhibitors as well, reverse the effects of 5-HT, indicating that 5-HT influences the maturation process of OPCs by NOX-dependent ROS production. Finally, 5-HT increases mitochondria function and antioxidant activity. The identification of the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of 5-HT on maturation and energy metabolism of OPCs could pave the way for the development of new treatments for autoimmune demyelinating diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis where oligodendrocytes are the primary target of immune attack.
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Zhang T, Sun W, Yang Y, Zhong W, Bao K, Zhang T, Guo X, Li G. Effects of dietary vitamin E on the growth performance, antioxidative status, and some immunological blood parameters in growing mink (Mustela vison) fed dry feed. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2018-0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ninety standard dark male minks (8 wk of age) were used to investigate the effects of vitamin E (VE) supplementation on growth performance, antioxidative status, and some immunological blood parameters. The dietary treatments included a basal diet (containing 20.86 mg kg−1VE) supplemented with 0 (control), 50, 100, 200, 400, or 800 mg kg−1VE. The results showed that VE supplementation of 200–400 mg kg−1increased (P < 0.05) the body weight, average daily feed intake, average daily gain, and gain to feed ratio of the mink from days 1 to 30. At days 30 and 60, the minks fed diets supplemented with 400 mg kg−1VE had higher (P < 0.05) concentrations of serum superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase than either the control or the VE50 groups but had activity levels similar to those of the VE200 and VE800 groups. Feeding a high dose of VE (400–800 mg kg−1diet) resulted in a significant increase in the concentrations of α-tocopherol and a reduction in the reactive oxygen species content in the serum. Vitamin E supplementation of 200–400 mg kg−1increased (P < 0.05) the concentrations of immunoglobulin G, interleukin-2, and soluble CD4/soluble CD8and decreased (P < 0.05) the content of soluble CD8in the serum. Overall, the suitable level of VE supplementation was found to be 200–400 mg kg−1diet for growing mink.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weili Sun
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yahan Yang
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhong
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kun Bao
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tietao Zhang
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaolan Guo
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangyu Li
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
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Pugliese G, Muscogiuri G, Barrea L, Laudisio D, Savastano S, Colao A. Irritable bowel syndrome: a new therapeutic target when treating obesity? Hormones (Athens) 2019; 18:395-399. [PMID: 31228102 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-019-00113-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence showing that obesity is due not merely to increased food intake, but could have a more complex pathophysiology possibly originating from the gut. Due to its microbiological, hormonal, and nutritional aspects, the gut could represent a starting point for the treatment of weight excess. Obesity is associated with a change of microbiota composition that not only could increase the calorie extraction from food but also could create a functional derangement resulting in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Several mechanisms have been postulated to explain this association, such as specific foods that are poorly absorbed, i.e., carbohydrates and lipids, as well as conditions of psychological stress which could stimulate colonic hypersensitivity giving rise to IBS symptoms. Another factor involved in this link could be the subclinical inflammation typical of obesity, characterized by the release of inflammatory mediators that can irritate intestinal nerve endings. The change of levels of some anorexigenic hormones, as well as the alterations of the gut microbiota with the reduction of the bacteroides/Firmicutes ratio, could also contribute to the pathogenesis of IBS related to obesity. Thus, the aim of this manuscript is to review the current evidence on the association between obesity and IBS while providing physiopathological hypotheses that may explain this link. Further, we will report the effect of weight loss on IBS symptoms, highlighting the importance of an accurate assessment of gut function in obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Pugliese
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, I-80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, I-80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Luigi Barrea
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, I-80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Laudisio
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, I-80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Savastano
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, I-80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, I-80131, Naples, Italy
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Jiang L, Zhou X, Yang H, Guan R, Xin Y, Wang J, Shen L, Zhu D, Ma S, Wang J. Upregulation of AT 1 Receptor Mediates a Pressor Effect Through ROS-SAPK/JNK Signaling in Glutamatergic Neurons of Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla in Rats With Stress-Induced Hypertension. Front Physiol 2019; 9:1860. [PMID: 30670978 PMCID: PMC6331519 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study examined whether angiotensin II (Ang II) mediates the pressor effect through nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling in the glutamatergic neurons of the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) in stress-induced hypertensive rats (SIHR). The SIHR model was established using electric foot-shocks combined with noises for 15 days. We observed that Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and the glutamatergic neurons co-localized in the RVLM of SIHR. Furthermore, glutamate levels in the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord were higher in SIHR than in controls. Microinjection of Ang II into the RVLM of SIHR activated stress-activated protein kinase/Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK), extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) 1/2, and p38MAPK. Compared with controls, the activation of SAPK/JNK, ERK1/2, p38MAPK, and ROS in the RVLM were higher in SIHR, an effect that was blocked by an NADPH oxidase inhibitor (apocynin) and an AT1R antagonist (candesartan). RVLM microinjection of apocynin or a SAPK/JNK inhibitor (SP600125), but not an ERK1/2 inhibitor (U0126) or a p38MAPK inhibitor (SB203580), decreased AT1R mRNA and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) in SIHR. The increase of AT1R protein expression and MABP was inhibited by intracerebroventricular infusion (ICV), for 14 days, of SP600125, but not U0126 or SB203580 in SIHR. We conclude that Ang II modulates the pressor effect through AT1R-dependent ROS-SAPK/JNK signaling in glutamatergic neurons in the RVLM of SIHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyu Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruijuan Guan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanlei Xin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jijiang Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linlin Shen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Danian Zhu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shulan Ma
- Training Center of Medical Experiments, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Simões‐Alves AC, Silva‐Filho RC, Braz GR, Silva SC, da Silva AI, Lagranha CJ, Fernandes MP. Neonatal treatment with fluoxetine improves mitochondrial respiration and reduces oxidative stress in liver of adult rats. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:6555-6565. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aiany C. Simões‐Alves
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise BiochemistryDepartment of Physical Education Sports Science Federal University of Pernambuco‐CAVVitória de Santo AntãoPernambucoBrazil
- Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity Graduate ProgramFederal University of Pernambuco‐CAVVitória de Santo AntãoPernambucoBrazil
| | - Reginaldo C. Silva‐Filho
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise BiochemistryDepartment of Physical Education Sports Science Federal University of Pernambuco‐CAVVitória de Santo AntãoPernambucoBrazil
- Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity Graduate ProgramFederal University of Pernambuco‐CAVVitória de Santo AntãoPernambucoBrazil
| | - Glauber R.F. Braz
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise BiochemistryDepartment of Physical Education Sports Science Federal University of Pernambuco‐CAVVitória de Santo AntãoPernambucoBrazil
| | - Severina C.A. Silva
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise BiochemistryDepartment of Physical Education Sports Science Federal University of Pernambuco‐CAVVitória de Santo AntãoPernambucoBrazil
- Biochemistry and Physiology Graduate ProgramFederal University of PernambucoRecifePernambucoBrazil
| | - Aline I. da Silva
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise BiochemistryDepartment of Physical Education Sports Science Federal University of Pernambuco‐CAVVitória de Santo AntãoPernambucoBrazil
| | - Claudia J. Lagranha
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise BiochemistryDepartment of Physical Education Sports Science Federal University of Pernambuco‐CAVVitória de Santo AntãoPernambucoBrazil
- Biochemistry and Physiology Graduate ProgramFederal University of PernambucoRecifePernambucoBrazil
| | - Mariana P. Fernandes
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise BiochemistryDepartment of Physical Education Sports Science Federal University of Pernambuco‐CAVVitória de Santo AntãoPernambucoBrazil
- Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity Graduate ProgramFederal University of Pernambuco‐CAVVitória de Santo AntãoPernambucoBrazil
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Ziomber A, Surowka AD, Antkiewicz-Michaluk L, Romanska I, Wrobel P, Szczerbowska-Boruchowska M. Combined brain Fe, Cu, Zn and neurometabolite analysis - a new methodology for unraveling the efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in appetite control. Metallomics 2018; 10:397-405. [PMID: 29384550 DOI: 10.1039/c7mt00329c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic, multifactorial origin disease that has recently become one of the most frequent lifestyle disorders. Unfortunately, current obesity treatments seem to be ineffective. At present, transcranial direct current brain stimulation (tDCS) represents a promising novel treatment methodology that seems to be efficient, well-tolerated and safe for a patient. Unfortunately, the biochemical action of tDCS remains unknown, which prevents its widespread use in the clinical arena, although neurobiochemical changes in brain signaling and metal metabolism are frequently reported. Therefore, our research aimed at exploring the biochemical response to tDCS in situ, in the brain areas triggering feeding behavior in obese animals. The objective was to propose a novel neurochemical (serotoninergic and dopaminergic signaling) and trace metal analysis of Fe, Cu and Zn. In doing so, we used energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Anodal-type stimulation (atDCS) of the right frontal cortex was utilized to down-regulate food intake and body weight gain in obese rats. EDXRF was coupled with the external standard method in order to quantify the chemical elements within appetite-triggering brain areas. Major dopamine metabolites were assessed in the brains, based on the HPLC assay utilizing the external standard assay. Our study confirms that elemental analysis by EDXRF and brain metabolite assay by HPLC can be considered as a useful tool for the in situ investigation of the interplay between neurochemical and Fe/Cu/Zn metabolism in the brain upon atDCS. With this methodology, an increase in both Cu and Zn in the satiety center of the stimulated group could be reported. In turn, the most significant neurochemical changes involved dopaminergic and serotoninergic signaling in the brain reward system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Ziomber
- Jagiellonian University, Chair of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Krakow, Poland
| | - Artur Dawid Surowka
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Lucyna Antkiewicz-Michaluk
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Smetna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Irena Romanska
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Smetna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Pawel Wrobel
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Szczerbowska-Boruchowska
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
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11
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Zhang W, Didehvar D, Wang G, Yi J, Gilbert ER, Cline MA. Anorexigenic effect of serotonin is associated with changes in hypothalamic nuclei activity in an avian model. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017; 246:81-87. [PMID: 25963044 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 01/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The anorexigenic effect of serotonin (5HT) has been documented for decades; however, its central mechanism has not been fully elucidated, especially so in non-mammalian vertebrates. Therefore, we centrally injected 5HT to chicks and measured several appetite-associated parameters. Chicks that received central 5HT dose- and time-dependently decreased food intake while water intake was not affected. To determine which hypothalamic nuclei were associated with this effect c-Fos immunoreactivity was measured in appetite-associated nuclei. Only the ventromedial hypothalamus and arcuate nucleus were activated. Whole blood glucose was measured after 5HT injection but was not affected. From the hypothalamus, several appetite-associated mRNAs were measured by real-time PCR after 5HT injection but not one of these showed any difference in expression. Lastly, a comprehensive behavior analysis demonstrated that 5HT caused reducing pecking and increased deep rest. Together we interpret these results as exogenous 5HT injection causes short term satiety that is likely a secondary effect to an increase in the amount of time spent in deep rest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Dillon Didehvar
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Guoqing Wang
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Jiaqing Yi
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Elizabeth R Gilbert
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Mark A Cline
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States.
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12
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Hong Z, Tian Y, Yuan Y, Qi M, Li Y, Du Y, Chen L, Chen L. Enhanced Oxidative Stress Is Responsible for TRPV4-Induced Neurotoxicity. Front Cell Neurosci 2016; 10:232. [PMID: 27799895 PMCID: PMC5065954 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) has been reported to be responsible for neuronal injury in pathological conditions. Excessive oxidative stress can lead to neuronal damage, and activation of TRPV4 increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) in many types of cells. The present study explored whether TRPV4-induced neuronal injury is mediated through enhancing oxidative stress. We found that intracerebroventricular injection of the TRPV4 agonist GSK1016790A increased the content of methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA) and NO in the hippocampus, which was blocked by administration of the TRPV4 specific antagonist HC-067047. The activities of catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were decreased by GSK1016790A, whereas the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) remained unchanged. Moreover, the protein level and activity of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) were increased by GSK1016790A, and the GSK1016790A-induced increase in NO content was blocked by an nNOS specific antagonist ARL-17477. The GSK1016790A-induced modulations of CAT, GSH-Px and nNOS activities and the protein level of nNOS were significantly inhibited by HC-067047. Finally, GSK1016790A-induced neuronal death and apoptosis in the hippocampal CA1 area were markedly attenuated by administration of a ROS scavenger Trolox or ARL-17477. We conclude that activation of TRPV4 enhances oxidative stress by inhibiting CAT and GSH-Px and increasing nNOS, which is responsible, at least in part, for TRPV4-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Hong
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, China
| | - Yujing Tian
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, China
| | - Yibiao Yuan
- The Laboratory Center for Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, China
| | - Mengwen Qi
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, China
| | - Yingchun Li
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, China
| | - Yimei Du
- Research Center of Ion Channelopathy, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, China
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13
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Hyperlipidemia exacerbates cerebral injury through oxidative stress, inflammation and neuronal apoptosis in MCAO/reperfusion rats. Exp Brain Res 2015; 233:2753-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-015-4269-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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14
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El-Salhy M. Recent developments in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:7621-7636. [PMID: 26167065 PMCID: PMC4491952 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i25.7621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder, the pathophysiology of which is not completely known, although it has been shown that genetic/social learning factors, diet, intestinal microbiota, intestinal low-grade inflammation, and abnormal gastrointestinal endocrine cells play a major role. Studies of familial aggregation and on twins have confirmed the heritability of IBS. However, the proposed IBS risk genes are thus far nonvalidated hits rather than true predisposing factors. There is no convincing evidence that IBS patients suffer from food allergy/intolerance, with the effect exerted by diet seemingly caused by intake of poorly absorbed carbohydrates and fiber. Obesity is a possible comorbidity of IBS. Differences in the microbiota between IBS patients and healthy controls have been reported, but the association between IBS symptoms and specific bacterial species is uncertain. Low-grade inflammation appears to play a role in the pathophysiology of a major subset of IBS, namely postinfectious IBS. The density of intestinal endocrine cells is reduced in patients with IBS, possibly as a result of genetic factors, diet, intestinal microbiota, and low-grade inflammation interfering with the regulatory signals controlling the intestinal stem-cell clonogenic and differentiation activities. Furthermore, there is speculation that this decreased number of endocrine cells is responsible for the visceral hypersensitivity, disturbed gastrointestinal motility, and abnormal gut secretion seen in IBS patients.
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15
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Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common chronic gastrointestinal disorder that is characterized by intermittent abdominal pain/discomfort, altered bowel habits and abdominal bloating/distension. This review aimed at presenting the recent developments concerning the role of diet in the pathophysiology and management of IBS. There is no convincing evidence that IBS patients suffer from food allergy/intolerance, and there is no evidence that gluten causes the debated new diagnosis of non-coeliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS). The component in wheat that triggers symptoms in NCGS appears to be the carbohydrates. Patients with NCGS appear to be IBS patients who are self-diagnosed and self-treated with a gluten-free diet. IBS symptoms are triggered by the consumption of the poorly absorbed fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) and insoluble fibre. On reaching the distal small intestine and colon, FODMAPS and insoluble fibre increase the osmotic pressure in the large-intestine lumen and provide a substrate for bacterial fermentation, with consequent gas production, abdominal distension and abdominal pain or discomfort. Poor FODMAPS and insoluble fibres diet reduces the symptom and improve the quality of life in IBS patients. Moreover, it changes favourably the intestinal microbiota and restores the abnormalities in the gastrointestinal endocrine cells. Five gastrointestinal endocrine cell types that produce hormones regulating appetite and food intake are abnormal in IBS patients. Based on these hormonal abnormalities, one would expect that IBS patients to have increased food intake and body weight gain. However, the link between obesity and IBS is not fully studied. Individual dietary guidance for intake of poor FODMAPs and insoluble fibres diet in combination with probiotics intake and regular exercise is to be recommended for IBS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdy El-Salhy
- Department of Medicine, Section for Gastroenterology, Stord Hospital, Stord, Norway. .,Department of Clinical Medicine, Section for Gastroenterology, University of Bergen, Box 4000, 54 09, Stord, Norway. .,Department of Medicine, National Centre for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Doris Gundersen
- Department of Research, Helse-Fonna, Haugesund Hospital, Haugesund, Norway.
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Ali T, Waheed H, Shaheen F, Mahmud M, Javed Q, Murtaza I. Increased endogenous serotonin level in diabetic conditions may lead to cardiac valvulopathy via reactive oxygen species regulation. Biologia (Bratisl) 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/biolog-2015-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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17
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Gao S, Serra D, Keung W, Hegardt FG, Lopaschuk GD. Important role of ventromedial hypothalamic carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1a in the control of food intake. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2013; 305:E336-47. [PMID: 23736540 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00168.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) liver isoform, or CPT-1a, is implicated in CNS control of food intake. However, the exact brain nucleus site(s) in mediating this action of CPT-1a has not been identified. In this report, we assess the role of CPT-1a in hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus (VMN). We stereotaxically injected an adenoviral vector containing CPT-1a coding sequence into the VMN of rats to induce overexpression and activation of CPT-1a. The VMN-selective activation of CPT-1a induced an orexigenic effect, suggesting CPT-1a in the VMN is involved in the central control of feeding. Intracerebroventricular administration of etomoxir, a CPT-1 inhibitor, decreases food intake. Importantly, in the animals with VMN overexpression of a CPT-1a mutant that antagonizes the CPT-1 inhibition by etomoxir, the anorectic response to etomoxir was attenuated. This suggests that VMN is involved in mediating the anorectic effect of central inhibition of CPT-1a. In contrast, arcuate nucleus (Arc) overexpression of the mutant did not alter etomoxir-induced inhibition of food intake, suggesting that Arc CPT-1a does not play significant roles in this anorectic action. Furthermore, in the VMN, CPT-1a appears to act downstream of hypothalamic malonyl-CoA action of feeding. Finally, we show that in the VMN CPT-1 activity was altered in concert with fasting and refeeding states, supporting a physiological role of CPT-1a in mediating the control of feeding. All together, CPT-1a in the hypothalamic VMN appears to play an important role in central control of food intake. VMN-selective modulation of CPT-1a activity may therefore be a promising strategy in controlling food intake and maintaining normal body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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