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Chen X, Li J, Peñuelas J, Li X, Hu D, Wang M, Zhong Q, Cheng D. Temperature dependence of carbon metabolism in the leaves in sun and shade in a subtropical forest. Oecologia 2024; 204:59-69. [PMID: 38091103 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-023-05487-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Rising temperatures pose a threat to the stability of climate regulation by carbon metabolism in subtropical forests. Although the effects of temperature on leaf carbon metabolism traits in sun-exposed leaves are well understood, there is limited knowledge about its impacts on shade leaves and the implications for ecosystem-climate feedbacks. In this study, we measured temperature response curves of photosynthesis and respiration for 62 woody species in summer (including both evergreen and deciduous species) and 20 evergreen species in winter. The aim was to uncover the temperature dependence of carbon metabolism in both sun and shade leaves in subtropical forests. Our findings reveal that shade had no significant effects on the mean optimum photosynthetic temperatures (TOpt) or temperature range (T90). However, there were decreases observed in mean stomatal conductance, mean area-based photosynthetic rates at TOpt and 25 °C, as well as mean area-based dark respiration rates at 25 °C in both evergreen and deciduous species. Moreover, the respiration-temperature sensitivity (Q10) of sun leaves was higher than that of shade leaves in winter, with the reverse being true in summer. Leaf economics spectrum traits, such as leaf mass per area, and leaf concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus across species, proved to be good predictors of TOpt, T90, mass-based photosynthetic rate at TOpt, and mass-based photosynthetic and respiration rate at 25 °C. However, Q10 was poorly predicted by these leaf economics spectrum traits except for shade leaves in winter. Our results suggest that model estimates of carbon metabolism in multilayered subtropical forest canopies do not necessitate independent parameterization of T90 and TOpt temperature responses in sun and shade leaves. Nevertheless, a deeper understanding and quantification of canopy variations in Q10 responses to temperature are necessary to confirm the generality of temperature-carbon metabolism trait responses and enhance ecosystem model estimates of carbon dynamics under future climate warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process (Ministry of Education), College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Tourism, Resources and Environment, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Ecophysiology, College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jinlong Li
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process (Ministry of Education), College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Ecophysiology, College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- Global Ecology Unit, CSIC, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Xueqin Li
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process (Ministry of Education), College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Ecophysiology, College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dandan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process (Ministry of Education), College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Ecophysiology, College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mantang Wang
- College of Tourism, Resources and Environment, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China
| | - Quanlin Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process (Ministry of Education), College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Ecophysiology, College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dongliang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process (Ministry of Education), College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Ecophysiology, College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
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Phillips AL, Scafaro AP, Atwell BJ. Photosynthetic traits of Australian wild rice (Oryza australiensis) confer tolerance to extreme daytime temperatures. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 110:347-363. [PMID: 34997897 PMCID: PMC9646608 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-021-01210-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
A wild relative of rice from the Australian savannah was compared with cultivated rice, revealing thermotolerance in growth and photosynthetic processes and a more robust carbon economy in extreme heat. Above ~ 32 °C, impaired photosynthesis compromises the productivity of rice. We compared leaf tissues from heat-tolerant wild rice (Oryza australiensis) with temperate-adapted O. sativa after sustained exposure to heat, as well as diurnal heat shock. Leaf elongation and shoot biomass in O. australiensis were unimpaired at 45 °C, and soluble sugar concentrations trebled during 10 h of a 45 °C shock treatment. By contrast, 45 °C slowed growth strongly in O. sativa. Chloroplastic CO2 concentrations eliminated CO2 supply to chloroplasts as the basis of differential heat tolerance. This directed our attention to carboxylation and the abundance of the heat-sensitive chaperone Rubisco activase (Rca) in each species. Surprisingly, O. australiensis leaves at 45 °C had 50% less Rca per unit Rubisco, even though CO2 assimilation was faster than at 30 °C. By contrast, Rca per unit Rubisco doubled in O. sativa at 45 °C while CO2 assimilation was slower, reflecting its inferior Rca thermostability. Plants grown at 45 °C were simultaneously exposed to 700 ppm CO2 to enhance the CO2 supply to Rubisco. Growth at 45 °C responded to CO2 enrichment in O. australiensis but not O. sativa, reflecting more robust carboxylation capacity and thermal tolerance in the wild rice relative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron L Phillips
- Waite Research Institute and School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Andrew P Scafaro
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Brian J Atwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Abstract
In rice, a small increase in nighttime temperature reduces grain yield and quality. How warm nighttime temperatures (WNT) produce these detrimental effects is not well understood, especially in field conditions where the typical day-to-night temperature fluctuation exceeds the mild increase in nighttime temperature. We observed genome-wide disruption of gene expression timing during the reproductive phase in field-grown rice panicles acclimated to 2 to 3 °C WNT. Transcripts previously identified as rhythmically expressed with a 24-h period and circadian-regulated transcripts were more sensitive to WNT than were nonrhythmic transcripts. The system-wide perturbations in transcript levels suggest that WNT disrupt the tight temporal coordination between internal molecular events and the environment, resulting in reduced productivity. We identified transcriptional regulators whose predicted targets are enriched for sensitivity to WNT. The affected transcripts and candidate regulators identified through our network analysis explain molecular mechanisms driving sensitivity to WNT and identify candidates that can be targeted to enhance tolerance to WNT.
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Cai C, Li G, Di L, Ding Y, Fu L, Guo X, Struik PC, Pan G, Li H, Chen W, Luo W, Yin X. The acclimation of leaf photosynthesis of wheat and rice to seasonal temperature changes in T-FACE environments. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2020; 26:539-556. [PMID: 31505097 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Crops show considerable capacity to adjust their photosynthetic characteristics to seasonal changes in temperature. However, how photosynthesis acclimates to changes in seasonal temperature under future climate conditions has not been revealed. We measured leaf photosynthesis (An ) of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown under four combinations of two levels of CO2 (ambient and enriched up to 500 µmol/mol) and two levels of canopy temperature (ambient and increased by 1.5-2.0°C) in temperature by free-air CO2 enrichment (T-FACE) systems. Parameters of a biochemical C3 -photosynthesis model and of a stomatal conductance (gs ) model were estimated for the four conditions and for several crop stages. Some biochemical parameters related to electron transport and most gs parameters showed acclimation to seasonal growth temperature in both crops. The acclimation response did not differ much between wheat and rice, nor among the four treatments of the T-FACE systems, when the difference in the seasonal growth temperature was accounted for. The relationships between biochemical parameters and leaf nitrogen content were consistent across leaf ranks, developmental stages, and treatment conditions. The acclimation had a strong impact on gs model parameters: when parameter values of a particular stage were used, the model failed to correctly estimate gs values of other stages. Further analysis using the coupled gs -biochemical photosynthesis model showed that ignoring the acclimation effect did not result in critical errors in estimating leaf photosynthesis under future climate, as long as parameter values were measured or derived from data obtained before flowering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Cai
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Gang Li
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Lijun Di
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yunjie Ding
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Lin Fu
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xuanhe Guo
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Paul C Struik
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Genxing Pan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Haozheng Li
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Weiping Chen
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Weihong Luo
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xinyou Yin
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Temperature Sensitivity in Individual Components of Ecosystem Respiration Increases along the Vertical Gradient of Leaf–Stem–Soil in Three Subtropical Forests. FORESTS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/f11020140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Temperature sensitivity (Q10) of ecosystem respiration (ER) is a crucial parameter for predicting the fate of CO2 in terrestrial e cosystems under global warming. Most studies focus their attention in the variation of Q10 in one or two components of ER, but not in the integration or comparison among Q10 in major components of ER. Vertical and seasonal variations in individual components, including leaf respiration, stem respiration and soil respiration, of ER were observed synchronously along the gradient of leaf–stem–soil over a 2 year period in three forest stands dominated by masson pine, loblolly pine and oak, respectively, in a subtropical forest ecosystem of central China. We found that Q10 in individual components of ER increased along the vertical gradient of leaf–stem–soil. The vertical pattern of Q10 in individual components of ER was ascribed to variations of diurnal temperature range (DTR) and activation energy (ΔHa). These results suggest that a vertical pattern of Q10 in individual components of ER along the gradient of leaf–stem–soil should be taken into consideration in process-based models that simulate respiratory carbon flux in terrestrial ecosystems.
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Chi Y, Xu Z, Zhou L, Yang Q, Zheng S, Li S. Differential roles of species richness versus species asynchrony in regulating community stability along a precipitation gradient. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:14244-14252. [PMID: 31938515 PMCID: PMC6953564 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant community may provide products and services to humans. However, patterns and drivers of community stability along a precipitation gradient remain unclear. A regional-scale transect survey was conducted over a 3-year period from 2013 to 2015, along a precipitation gradient from 275 to 555 mm and spanning 440 km in length from west to east in a temperate semiarid grassland of northern China, a central part of the Eurasian steppe. Our study provided regional-scale evidence that the community stability increased with increasing precipitation in the semiarid ecosystem. The patterns of community stability along a precipitation gradient were ascribed to community composition and community dynamics, such as species richness and species asynchrony, rather than the abiotic effect of precipitation. Species richness regulated the temporal mean (μ) of aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP), while species asynchrony regulated the temporal standard deviation (σ) of ANPP, which in turn contributed to community stability. Our findings highlight the crucial role of community composition and community dynamics in regulating community stability under climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Chi
- College of Geography and Environmental SciencesZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaChina
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental ChangeInstitute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information SystemInstitute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhuwen Xu
- School of Ecology and EnvironmentInner Mongolia UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Lei Zhou
- College of Geography and Environmental SciencesZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaChina
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and ModelingInstitute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Qingpeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and ManagementInstitute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyangChina
| | - Shuxia Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental ChangeInstitute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Shao‐peng Li
- Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research StationSchool of Ecological and Environmental SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institute of Eco‐Chongming (IEC)ShanghaiChina
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Zhou H, Akçay E, Helliker BR. Estimating C 4 photosynthesis parameters by fitting intensive A/C i curves. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2019; 141:181-194. [PMID: 30758752 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-019-00619-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Measurements of photosynthetic assimilation rate as a function of intercellular CO2 (A/Ci curves) are widely used to estimate photosynthetic parameters for C3 species, yet few parameters have been reported for C4 plants, because of a lack of estimation methods. Here, we extend the framework of widely used estimation methods for C3 plants to build estimation tools by exclusively fitting intensive A/Ci curves (6-8 more sampling points) for C4 using three versions of photosynthesis models with different assumptions about carbonic anhydrase processes and ATP distribution. We use simulation analysis, out of sample tests, existing in vitro measurements and chlorophyll-fluorescence measurements to validate the new estimation methods. Of the five/six photosynthetic parameters obtained, sensitivity analyses show that maximal-Rubisco-carboxylation-rate, electron-transport-rate, maximal-PEP-carboxylation-rate, and carbonic-anhydrase were robust to variation in the input parameters, while day respiration and mesophyll conductance varied. Our method provides a way to estimate carbonic anhydrase activity, a new parameter, from A/Ci curves, yet also shows that models that do not explicitly consider carbonic anhydrase yield approximate results. The two photosynthesis models, differing in whether ATP could freely transport between RuBP and PEP regeneration processes yielded consistent results under high light, but they may diverge under low light intensities. Modeling results show selection for Rubisco of low specificity and high catalytic rate, low leakage of bundle sheath, and high PEPC affinity, which may further increase C4 efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Zhou
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, 433 S University Ave., 314 Leidy Labs, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Erol Akçay
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, 433 S University Ave., 314 Leidy Labs, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Brent R Helliker
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, 433 S University Ave., 314 Leidy Labs, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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Leaf Temperature and Vapour Pressure Deficit (VPD) Driving Stomatal Conductance and Biochemical Processes of Leaf Photosynthetic Rate in a Subtropical Evergreen Coniferous Plantation. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10114063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis is arguably the most important biochemical process on Earth, which is dramatically influenced by environmental conditions. How environmental factors drive stomatal conductance and biochemical processes of leaf photosynthetic rate has not been sufficiently investigated in subtropical China. In this study, we analysed the effects of stomatal and biochemical parameters on the photosynthetic rate of native Masson’s pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) and exotic slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) in response to leaf temperature and vapour pressure deficit (VPD) in subtropical China, based on leaf gas exchange measurements in 2016. Our results showed that there was no significant difference in the light-saturated photosynthetic rate (Asat) between native Masson’s pine and exotic slash pine. The seasonal patterns of maximum rate of the carboxylation (Vcmax25) were basically consistent with seasonal patterns of Asat for both species. The positive effect of leaf temperature on Asat was mainly produced through its positive effect on Vcmax25. Leaf temperature had no significant effect on stomatal conductance. Vcmax25 and gs simultaneously affected Asat in response to VPD. Our results highlighted the importance of biochemical processes in limiting leaf photosynthetic rate in response to environmental conditions in subtropical evergreen coniferous plantations.
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Cai C, Li G, Yang H, Yang J, Liu H, Struik PC, Luo W, Yin X, Di L, Guo X, Jiang W, Si C, Pan G, Zhu J. Do all leaf photosynthesis parameters of rice acclimate to elevated CO 2 , elevated temperature, and their combination, in FACE environments? GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2018; 24:1685-1707. [PMID: 29076597 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Leaf photosynthesis of crops acclimates to elevated CO2 and temperature, but studies quantifying responses of leaf photosynthetic parameters to combined CO2 and temperature increases under field conditions are scarce. We measured leaf photosynthesis of rice cultivars Changyou 5 and Nanjing 9108 grown in two free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) systems, respectively, installed in paddy fields. Each FACE system had four combinations of two levels of CO2 (ambient and enriched) and two levels of canopy temperature (no warming and warmed by 1.0-2.0°C). Parameters of the C3 photosynthesis model of Farquhar, von Caemmerer and Berry (the FvCB model), and of a stomatal conductance (gs ) model were estimated for the four conditions. Most photosynthetic parameters acclimated to elevated CO2 , elevated temperature, and their combination. The combination of elevated CO2 and temperature changed the functional relationships between biochemical parameters and leaf nitrogen content for Changyou 5. The gs model significantly underestimated gs under the combination of elevated CO2 and temperature by 19% for Changyou 5 and by 10% for Nanjing 9108 if no acclimation was assumed. However, our further analysis applying the coupled gs -FvCB model to an independent, previously published FACE experiment showed that including such an acclimation response of gs hardly improved prediction of leaf photosynthesis under the four combinations of CO2 and temperature. Therefore, the typical procedure that crop models using the FvCB and gs models are parameterized from plants grown under current ambient conditions may not result in critical errors in projecting productivity of paddy rice under future global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Cai
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gang Li
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hailong Yang
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaheng Yang
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Liu
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Paul C Struik
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Weihong Luo
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyou Yin
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lijun Di
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuanhe Guo
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenyu Jiang
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuanfei Si
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Genxing Pan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianguo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
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Benomar L, Lamhamedi MS, Pepin S, Rainville A, Lambert MC, Margolis HA, Bousquet J, Beaulieu J. Thermal acclimation of photosynthesis and respiration of southern and northern white spruce seed sources tested along a regional climatic gradient indicates limited potential to cope with temperature warming. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2018; 121:443-457. [PMID: 29300870 PMCID: PMC5838847 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcx174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Knowledge of thermal acclimation of physiological processes of boreal tree species is necessary to determine their ability to adapt to predicted global warming and reduce the uncertainty around the anticipated feedbacks of forest ecosystems and global carbon cycle to climate change. The objective of this work was to examine the extent of thermal acclimation of net photosynthesis (An) and dark respiration (Rd) of two distant white spruce (Picea glauca) seed sources (from south and north of the commerial forest zone in Québec) in response to latitudinal and seasonal variations in growing conditions. METHODS The temperature responses of An, its biochemical and biophysical limitations, and Rd were measured in 1-year-old needles of seedlings from the seed sources growing in eight forest plantations along a regional thermal gradient of 5.5 °C in Québec, Canada. KEY RESULTS The average optimum temperature (Topt) for An was 19 ± 1.2 °C and was similar among seed sources and plantation sites along the thermal gradient. Net photosynthesis at Topt (Aopt) varied significantly among plantation sites and was quadratically related to the mean July temperature (MJT) of plantation sites. Topt for mesophyll conductance, maximum electron transport rate and maximum rate of carboxylation were 28, 22 and 30 °C, respectively. Basal respiration rate (Rd at 10 °C) was linearly and negatively associated with MJT. Q10 of Rd (the rate of change in Rd with a 10 °C increase in temperature) did not show any significant relationship with MJT and averaged 1.5 ± 0.1. The two seed sources were similar in their thermal responses to latitudinal and seasonal variations in growing conditions. CONCLUSIONS The results showed moderate thermal acclimation of respiration and no evidence for thermal acclimation of photosynthesis or local genetic adaptation for traits related to thermal acclimation. Therefore, growth of local white spruces may decline in future climates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lahcen Benomar
- Centre d’étude de la forêt, Faculté de foresterie, de géographie et de géomatique, Pavillon Abitibi Price, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- For correspondence. E-mail
| | - Mohammed S Lamhamedi
- Direction de la recherche forestière, ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs, 2700 rue Einstein, Québec, Canada
| | - Steeve Pepin
- Faculté des sciences de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation, Pavillon de l’Envirotron, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - André Rainville
- Direction de la recherche forestière, ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs, 2700 rue Einstein, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Lambert
- Direction de la recherche forestière, ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs, 2700 rue Einstein, Québec, Canada
| | - Hank A Margolis
- Centre d’étude de la forêt, Faculté de foresterie, de géographie et de géomatique, Pavillon Abitibi Price, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean Bousquet
- Centre d’étude de la forêt, Faculté de foresterie, de géographie et de géomatique, Pavillon Abitibi Price, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean Beaulieu
- Centre d’étude de la forêt, Faculté de foresterie, de géographie et de géomatique, Pavillon Abitibi Price, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
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Warming puts the squeeze on photosynthesis – lessons from tropical trees. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:2073-2077. [PMCID: PMC5447882 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
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12
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Jing P, Wang D, Zhu C, Chen J. Plant Physiological, Morphological and Yield-Related Responses to Night Temperature Changes across Different Species and Plant Functional Types. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1774. [PMID: 27933085 PMCID: PMC5121221 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Land surface temperature over the past decades has shown a faster warming trend during the night than during the day. Extremely low night temperatures have occurred frequently due to the influence of land-sea thermal difference, topography and climate change. This asymmetric night temperature change is expected to affect plant ecophysiology and growth, as the plant carbon consumption processes could be affected more than the assimilation processes because photosynthesis in most plants occurs during the daytime whereas plant respiration occurs throughout the day. The effects of high night temperature (HNT) and low night temperature (LNT) on plant ecophysiological and growing processes and how the effects vary among different plant functional types (PFTs) have not been analyzed extensively. In this meta-analysis, we examined the effect of HNT and LNT on plant physiology and growth across different PFTs and experimental settings. Plant species were grouped according to their photosynthetic pathways (C3, C4, and CAM), growth forms (herbaceous, woody), and economic purposes (crop, non-crop). We found that HNT and LNT both had a negative effect on plant yield, but the effect of HNT on plant yield was primarily related to a reduction in biomass allocation to reproduction organs and the effect of LNT on plant yield was more related to a negative effect on total biomass. Leaf growth was stimulated at HNT and suppressed at LNT. HNT accelerated plants ecophysiological processes, including photosynthesis and dark respiration, while LNT slowed these processes. Overall, the results showed that the effects of night temperature on plant physiology and growth varied between HNT and LNT, among the response variables and PFTs, and depended on the magnitude of temperature change and experimental design. These findings suggest complexities and challenges in seeking general patterns of terrestrial plant growth in HNT and LNT. The PFT specific responses of plants are critical for obtaining credible predictions of the changes in crop production, plant community structure, vegetation dynamics, biodiversity, and ecosystem functioning of terrestrial biomes when asymmetric night temperature change continues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Jing
- International Center for Ecology, Meteorology, and Environment, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing, China
| | - Dan Wang
- International Center for Ecology, Meteorology, and Environment, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing, China
| | - Chunwu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing, China
| | - Jiquan Chen
- CGCEO/Geography, Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing, MI, USA
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Yamaguchi DP, Nakaji T, Hiura T, Hikosaka K. Effects of seasonal change and experimental warming on the temperature dependence of photosynthesis in the canopy leaves of Quercus serrata. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 36:1283-1295. [PMID: 27107017 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpw021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The effects of warming on the temperature response of leaf photosynthesis have become an area of major concern in recent decades. Although growth temperature (GT) and day length (DL) affect leaf gas exchange characteristics, the way in which these factors influence the temperature dependence of photosynthesis remains uncertain. We established open-top canopy chambers at the canopy top of a deciduous forest, in which average daytime leaf temperature was increased by 1.0 °C. We conducted gas exchange measurements for the canopy leaves of deciduous trees exposed to artificial warming during different seasons. The carbon dioxide assimilation rate at 20 °C (A20) was not affected by warming, whereas that at 25 °C (A25) tended to be higher in leaves exposed to warming. Warming increased the optimal temperature of photosynthesis by increasing the activation energy for the maximum rate of carboxylation. Regression analysis indicated that both GT and DL strongly influenced gas exchange characteristics. Sensitivity analysis revealed that DL affected A without obvious effects on the temperature dependence of A, whereas GT almost maintained constant A20 and strongly influenced the temperature dependence. These results indicate that GT and DL have different influences on photosynthesis; GT and DL affect the 'slope' and intercept' of the temperature dependence of photosynthesis, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke P Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578 Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Nakaji
- Tomakomai Research Station, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Tomakomai, 053-0035 Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tsutom Hiura
- Tomakomai Research Station, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Tomakomai, 053-0035 Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578 Miyagi, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 102-0076 Tokyo, Japan
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Zhou L, Wang S, Chi Y, Li Q, Huang K, Yu Q. Responses of photosynthetic parameters to drought in subtropical forest ecosystem of China. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18254. [PMID: 26666469 PMCID: PMC4678887 DOI: 10.1038/srep18254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism underlying the effect of drought on the photosynthetic traits of leaves in forest ecosystems in subtropical regions is unclear. In this study, three limiting processes (stomatal, mesophyll and biochemical limitations) that control the photosynthetic capacity and three resource use efficiencies (intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE), nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and light use efficiency (LUE)), which were characterized as the interactions between photosynthesis and environmental resources, were estimated in two species (Schima superba and Pinus massoniana) under drought conditions. A quantitative limitation analysis demonstrated that the drought-induced limitation of photosynthesis in Schima superba was primarily due to stomatal limitation, whereas for Pinus massoniana, both stomatal and non-stomatal limitations generally exhibited similar magnitudes. Although the mesophyll limitation represented only 1% of the total limitation in Schima superba, it accounted for 24% of the total limitations for Pinus massoniana. Furthermore, a positive relationship between the LUE and NUE and a marginally negative relationship or trade-off between the NUE and iWUE were observed in the control plots. However, drought disrupted the relationships between the resource use efficiencies. Our findings may have important implications for reducing the uncertainties in model simulations and advancing the understanding of the interactions between ecosystem functions and climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shaoqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yonggang Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Qingkang Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Kun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Quanzhou Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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15
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General patterns of acclimation of leaf respiration to elevated temperatures across biomes and plant types. Oecologia 2014; 177:885-900. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-014-3159-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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16
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Calbet A, Sazhin AF, Nejstgaard JC, Berger SA, Tait ZS, Olmos L, Sousoni D, Isari S, Martínez RA, Bouquet JM, Thompson EM, Båmstedt U, Jakobsen HH. Future climate scenarios for a coastal productive planktonic food web resulting in microplankton phenology changes and decreased trophic transfer efficiency. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94388. [PMID: 24721992 PMCID: PMC3983207 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We studied the effects of future climate change scenarios on plankton communities of a Norwegian fjord using a mesocosm approach. After the spring bloom, natural plankton were enclosed and treated in duplicates with inorganic nutrients elevated to pre-bloom conditions (N, P, Si; eutrophication), lowering of 0.4 pH units (acidification), and rising 3°C temperature (warming). All nutrient-amended treatments resulted in phytoplankton blooms dominated by chain-forming diatoms, and reached 13–16 μg chlorophyll (chl) a l−1. In the control mesocosms, chl a remained below 1 μg l−1. Acidification and warming had contrasting effects on the phenology and bloom-dynamics of autotrophic and heterotrophic microplankton. Bacillariophyceae, prymnesiophyceae, cryptophyta, and Protoperidinium spp. peaked earlier at higher temperature and lower pH. Chlorophyta showed lower peak abundances with acidification, but higher peak abundances with increased temperature. The peak magnitude of autotrophic dinophyceae and ciliates was, on the other hand, lowered with combined warming and acidification. Over time, the plankton communities shifted from autotrophic phytoplankton blooms to a more heterotrophic system in all mesocosms, especially in the control unaltered mesocosms. The development of mass balance and proportion of heterotrophic/autotrophic biomass predict a shift towards a more autotrophic community and less-efficient food web transfer when temperature, nutrients and acidification are combined in a future climate-change scenario. We suggest that this result may be related to a lower food quality for microzooplankton under acidification and warming scenarios and to an increase of catabolic processes compared to anabolic ones at higher temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Calbet
- Institut de Ciències del Mar – CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Jens C. Nejstgaard
- Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, University of Georgia, Savannah, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Stella A. Berger
- Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, University of Georgia, Savannah, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Biology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Zachary S. Tait
- Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, University of Georgia, Savannah, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Lorena Olmos
- Institut de Ciències del Mar – CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas – CSIC, Vigo, Spain
| | - Despoina Sousoni
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Stamatina Isari
- Institut de Ciències del Mar – CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Jean-Marie Bouquet
- Department of Biology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Sars International Centre, Uni Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eric M. Thompson
- Department of Biology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Sars International Centre, Uni Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ulf Båmstedt
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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