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Ye W, Xiang N, Wang Q, Lu Y. Role of circular RNA as competing endogenous RNA in ovarian cancer (Review). Int J Mol Med 2024; 53:41. [PMID: 38456562 PMCID: PMC10998717 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2024.5365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA), a type of non‑coding RNA, plays a regulatory role in biological processes. The special loop structure of circRNA makes it highly stable and specific in diseased tissues and cells, especially in tumors. Competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) compete for the binding of microRNA (miRNA) at specific binding sites and thus regulate gene expression. ceRNAs play an important role in various diseases and are currently recognized as the most prominent mechanism of action of circRNAs. circRNAs can modulate the proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of tumor cells through the ceRNA mechanism. With further research, circRNAs may serve as novel markers and therapeutic targets for ovarian cancer (OC). In the present review, the research progress of circRNAs as ceRNAs in OC was summarized, focusing on the effects of the circRNA/miRNA/mRNA axis on the biological functions of OC cells through mediating pivotal signaling pathways. The role of circRNAs in the diagnosis, prognostic assessment and treatment of OC was also discussed in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanlu Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110003, P.R. China
| | - Nan Xiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110003, P.R. China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110003, P.R. China
| | - Yanming Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110003, P.R. China
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2
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Shaw P, Dwivedi SKD, Bhattacharya R, Mukherjee P, Rao G. VEGF signaling: Role in angiogenesis and beyond. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189079. [PMID: 38280470 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a crucial process for tissue development, repair, and tumor survival. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key driver secreted by cancer cells, promoting neovascularization. While VEGF's role in angiogenesis is well-documented, its influence on the other aspects in tumor microenvironemt is less discussed. This review elaborates on VEGF's impact on intercellular interactions within the tumor microenvironment, including how VEGF affects pericyte proliferation and migration and mediates interactions between tumor-associated macrophages and cancer cells, resulting in PDL-1-mediated immunosuppression and Nrf2-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The review discusses VEGF's involvement in intra-organelle crosstalk, tumor metabolism, stemness, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. It also provides insights into current anti-VEGF therapies and their limitations in cancer treatment. Overall, this review aims to provide a thorough overview of the current state of knowledge concerning VEGF signaling and its impact, not only on angiogenesis but also on various other oncogenic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallab Shaw
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Shailendra Kumar Dhar Dwivedi
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Resham Bhattacharya
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Priyabrata Mukherjee
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Geeta Rao
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
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3
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Haerinck J, Goossens S, Berx G. The epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity landscape: principles of design and mechanisms of regulation. Nat Rev Genet 2023; 24:590-609. [PMID: 37169858 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-023-00601-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) enables cells to interconvert between several states across the epithelial-mesenchymal landscape, thereby acquiring hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal phenotypic features. This plasticity is crucial for embryonic development and wound healing, but also underlies the acquisition of several malignant traits during cancer progression. Recent research using systems biology and single-cell profiling methods has provided novel insights into the main forces that shape EMP, which include the microenvironment, lineage specification and cell identity, and the genome. Additionally, key roles have emerged for hysteresis (cell memory) and cellular noise, which can drive stochastic transitions between cell states. Here, we review these forces and the distinct but interwoven layers of regulatory control that stabilize EMP states or facilitate epithelial-mesenchymal transitions (EMTs) and discuss the therapeutic potential of manipulating the EMP landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jef Haerinck
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steven Goossens
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Unit for Translational Research in Oncology, Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert Berx
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.
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4
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Depoërs L, Dumont-Lagacé M, Trinh VQH, Houques C, Côté C, Larouche JD, Brochu S, Perreault C. Klf4 protects thymus integrity during late pregnancy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1016378. [PMID: 37180153 PMCID: PMC10174329 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1016378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy causes abrupt thymic atrophy. This atrophy is characterized by a severe decrease in the number of all thymocyte subsets and qualitative (but not quantitative) changes in thymic epithelial cells (TECs). Pregnancy-related thymic involution is triggered by progesterone-induced functional changes affecting mainly cortical TECs (cTECs). Remarkably, this severe involution is rapidly corrected following parturition. We postulated that understanding the mechanisms of pregnancy-related thymic changes could provide novel insights into signaling pathways regulating TEC function. When we analyzed genes whose expression in TECs was modified during late pregnancy, we found a strong enrichment in genes bearing KLF4 transcription factor binding motifs. We, therefore, engineered a Psmb11-iCre : Klf4lox/lox mouse model to study the impact of TEC-specific Klf4 deletion in steady-state conditions and during late pregnancy. Under steady-state conditions, Klf4 deletion had a minimal effect on TEC subsets and did not affect thymic architecture. However, pregnancy-induced thymic involution was much more pronounced in pregnant females lacking Klf4 expression in TECs. These mice displayed a substantial ablation of TECs with a more pronounced loss of thymocytes. Transcriptomic and phenotypic analyses of Klf4 -/- TECs revealed that Klf4 maintains cTEC numbers by supporting cell survival and preventing epithelial-to-mesenchymal plasticity during late pregnancy. We conclude that Klf4 is essential for preserving TEC's integrity and mitigating thymic involution during late pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucyle Depoërs
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Maude Dumont-Lagacé
- ExCellThera, Inc., Montréal, QC, Canada
- Piercing Star Technologies, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Vincent Quoc-Huy Trinh
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Cellular Biology, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, and Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Chloé Houques
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Caroline Côté
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-David Larouche
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvie Brochu
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Sylvie Brochu, ; Claude Perreault,
| | - Claude Perreault
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Sylvie Brochu, ; Claude Perreault,
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5
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Wang T, Rho O, Eguiarte-Solomon F, DiGiovanni J. Twist1 as a target for prevention of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Carcinog 2023; 62:62-76. [PMID: 36373194 PMCID: PMC9772054 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) represents an important clinical problem requiring novel approaches for both prevention and treatment. The transcription factor, Twist-related protein 1 (Twist1), has been identified as having a key mechanistic role in the development and progression of cSCC. Studies in relevant mouse models of cSCC have shown that Twist1 regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness driving progression and metastasis of cSCC. In addition, further research has shown that Twist1 regulates the balance between keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation and therefore impacts earlier stages of cSCC development. Through use of keratinocyte specific Twist1 knockout models, a role for this gene in keratinocyte stem cell homeostasis has been revealed. As a transcription factor, Twist1 regulates a large number of genes both in a positive, as well as a negative manner across several interdependent pathways. Studies in keratinocyte specific knockout models have shown that Twist1 upregulates the expression of genes involved in proliferation, stemness, and EMT while downregulating the expression of genes associated with differentiation. Furthermore, a number of compounds, including naturally occurring compounds, have been identified that target Twist1 and can block its effects in cancer cells and in keratinocytes in vivo. Collectively, the current understanding of Twist1 function in cSCC development and progression suggests that it represents a potential target for prevention and treatment of cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingzeng Wang
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, United States
| | - Okkyung Rho
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, United States
| | - Fernando Eguiarte-Solomon
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, United States
| | - John DiGiovanni
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, United States
- Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, United States
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, United States
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6
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Ro YT, Patterson JL. Transcriptional induction of TGF-β1 and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition cell markers in human umbilical vein endothelial cells by Ebola virus infection. Genes Genomics 2022; 44:1499-1507. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-022-01333-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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7
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Xie Q, Liu R, Zou Z, Feng Y, Huang Y, Xu G, Sun W, Liang Y, Zhong W. MYPT1 inhibits the metastasis of renal clear cell carcinoma via the MAPK8/N-cadherin pathway. FEBS Open Bio 2022; 12:2083-2095. [PMID: 36106411 PMCID: PMC9623519 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 (MYPT1) is a subunit of myosin phosphatase that is capable of regulating smooth muscle contraction. MYPT1 has been reported to be involved in a wide variety of tumours, but its expression and biological functions in renal clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remain obscure. Herein, we analysed the relationship between patient clinicopathological characteristics and MYPT1 expression levels in ccRCC patients using a tissue microarray (TMA) and data retrieved from the TCGA-KIRC dataset. MYPT1 was overexpressed or depleted using siRNA in ccRCC cells to assess the effects on migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were performed to investigate the precise mechanism. MYPT1 expression in ccRCC tissues was observed to be lower than that in nonmalignant tissues (P < 0.05). In addition, MYPT1 downregulation was closely linked to advanced pathological stage (P < 0.05), and poor OS (overall survival; P < 0.05). Functionally, increased expression of MYPT1 suppressed ccRCC migration and invasion in vitro, and inhibited tumour metastasis in vivo. In addition, MYPT1 overexpression exerted its suppressive effects via the MAPK8/N-cadherin pathway in ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingling Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ren Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhihao Zou
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of MedicineSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Yuanfa Feng
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of MedicineSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Yiqiao Huang
- Department of UrologyThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityChina
| | - Guibin Xu
- Department of UrologyThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityChina
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Urology, Huadu District People's HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yuxiang Liang
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of MedicineSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Weide Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina,Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of MedicineSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
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8
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Gray GK, Li CMC, Rosenbluth JM, Selfors LM, Girnius N, Lin JR, Schackmann RCJ, Goh WL, Moore K, Shapiro HK, Mei S, D'Andrea K, Nathanson KL, Sorger PK, Santagata S, Regev A, Garber JE, Dillon DA, Brugge JS. A human breast atlas integrating single-cell proteomics and transcriptomics. Dev Cell 2022; 57:1400-1420.e7. [PMID: 35617956 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The breast is a dynamic organ whose response to physiological and pathophysiological conditions alters its disease susceptibility, yet the specific effects of these clinical variables on cell state remain poorly annotated. We present a unified, high-resolution breast atlas by integrating single-cell RNA-seq, mass cytometry, and cyclic immunofluorescence, encompassing a myriad of states. We define cell subtypes within the alveolar, hormone-sensing, and basal epithelial lineages, delineating associations of several subtypes with cancer risk factors, including age, parity, and BRCA2 germline mutation. Of particular interest is a subset of alveolar cells termed basal-luminal (BL) cells, which exhibit poor transcriptional lineage fidelity, accumulate with age, and carry a gene signature associated with basal-like breast cancer. We further utilize a medium-depletion approach to identify molecular factors regulating cell-subtype proportion in organoids. Together, these data are a rich resource to elucidate diverse mammary cell states.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kenneth Gray
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Carman Man-Chung Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jennifer M Rosenbluth
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI), Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Laura M Selfors
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nomeda Girnius
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA 02115, USA; The Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology (LSP), HMS, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jia-Ren Lin
- The Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology (LSP), HMS, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ron C J Schackmann
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Walter L Goh
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kaitlin Moore
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hana K Shapiro
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shaolin Mei
- The Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology (LSP), HMS, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kurt D'Andrea
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translation Medicine and Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Katherine L Nathanson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translation Medicine and Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Peter K Sorger
- The Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology (LSP), HMS, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sandro Santagata
- The Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology (LSP), HMS, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH), Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aviv Regev
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Judy E Garber
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI), Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Deborah A Dillon
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH), Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joan S Brugge
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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9
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Rezania MA, Eghtedari A, Taha MF, Ardekani AM, Javeri A. A novel role for aspirin in enhancing the reprogramming function of miR-302/367 cluster and breast tumor suppression. J Cell Biochem 2022; 123:1077-1090. [PMID: 35535453 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have provided evidence for tumor suppressive function of the embryonic stem cell-specific miR-302/367 cluster through induction of a reprogramming process. Aspirin has been found to induce reprogramming factors of mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition in breast cancer cells. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether overexpression of miR-302/367 cluster and aspirin treatment cooperate in the induction of reprogramming and tumor suppression in breast cancer cells. MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3 human breast cancer cell lines were transfected with a miR-302/367 expressing vector and treated with aspirin. The cells were evaluated for indices of apoptosis, proliferation, migration, and invasion. In both cell lines, treatment of miR-302/367-transfected cells with aspirin upregulated expression of some main pluripotency factors such as OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, and KLF4, and downregulated expression of some invasion and angiogenesis markers at gene and protein levels. Aspirin increased the apoptotic rate in both cell lines transfected with miR-302/367. Both miR-302/367 and aspirin upregulated the expression of FOXD3 protein which is a known inducer of OCT4 and NANOG. Our results demonstrate that aspirin can enhance miR-302/367-induced reprogramming of breast cancer cells possibly through upregulation of FOXD3 expression. This can further augment the reversal of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and inhibits migration, invasion, and angiogenic signaling in breast cancer cells reprogrammed by miR-302/367. Therefore, aspirin may serve as a useful adjuvant for reprogramming of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A Rezania
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Eghtedari
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh F Taha
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Arash Javeri
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
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Jin Y, Xu L, Zhao B, Bao W, Ye Y, Tong Y, Sun Q, Liu J. Tumour-suppressing functions of the lncRNA MBNL1-AS1/miR-889-3p/KLF9 axis in human breast cancer cells. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:908-920. [PMID: 35112997 PMCID: PMC9037535 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2034254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the role and potential mechanism of the long non-coding (lncRNA) MBNL1-AS1 in human breast cancer. We included 80 patients with breast cancer in this study. Breast cancer cell lines, including MCF7, SKBR3, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-415, and the normal human breast cell line MCF10A were used in this study. MBNL1-AS1, miR-889-3p mimics, si-Krüppel-like factor 9 (KLF9) or their controls were transfected in the cells. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blotting and immunohistochemistry assay were performed to detect the expression of MBNL1-AS1, miR-889-3p and KLF9. Cell proliferation, invasion and migration were detected. Luciferase reporter gene and pull-down assay were performed to verify the target relationship among MBNL1-AS1, miR-889-3p and KLF9. Glycolysis was also detected after transfection. The expression of the lncRNA MBNL1-AS1 was low in the breast cancer tissues and cells. Lower expression levels of the lncRNA MBNL1-AS1 were associated with poor prognosis of breast cancer. Overexpression of the lncRNA MBNL1-AS1 decreased proliferation, invasion, migration and glycolysis of breast cancer cells. The lncRNA MBNL1-AS1 could interact with miR-889-3p, and KLF9 was the downstream target of miR-889-3p. Moreover, miR-889-3p was negatively correlated with KLF9 and lncRNA MBNL1-AS1. Both miR-889-3p and si-KLF9 could reverse the overexpression of lncRNA MBNL1-AS1 in breast cancer development. The lncRNA MBNL1-AS1 decreased proliferation, invasion, migration and glycolysis of breast cancer via the miR-889-3p/KLF9 axis, which might be a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongmei Jin
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingli Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,CONTACT Bin Zhao Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 358 Datong Road, Shanghai200135, China
| | - Wenqing Bao
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Ye
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Tong
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiyu Sun
- Department of Traditional Medicine, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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11
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Donaldson DS, Shih BB, Mabbott NA. Aging-Related Impairments to M Cells in Peyer's Patches Coincide With Disturbances to Paneth Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:761949. [PMID: 34938288 PMCID: PMC8687451 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.761949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The decline in mucosal immunity during aging increases susceptibility, morbidity and mortality to infections acquired via the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts in the elderly. We previously showed that this immunosenescence includes a reduction in the functional maturation of M cells in the follicle-associated epithelia (FAE) covering the Peyer’s patches, diminishing the ability to sample of antigens and pathogens from the gut lumen. Here, co-expression analysis of mRNA-seq data sets revealed a general down-regulation of most FAE- and M cell-related genes in Peyer’s patches from aged mice, including key transcription factors known to be essential for M cell differentiation. Conversely, expression of ACE2, the cellular receptor for SARS-Cov-2 virus, was increased in the aged FAE. This raises the possibility that the susceptibility of aged Peyer’s patches to infection with the SARS-Cov-2 virus is increased. Expression of key Paneth cell-related genes was also reduced in the ileum of aged mice, consistent with the adverse effects of aging on their function. However, the increased expression of these genes in the villous epithelium of aged mice suggested a disturbed distribution of Paneth cells in the aged intestine. Aging effects on Paneth cells negatively impact on the regenerative ability of the gut epithelium and could indirectly impede M cell differentiation. Thus, restoring Paneth cell function may represent a novel means to improve M cell differentiation in the aging intestine and increase mucosal vaccination efficacy in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Donaldson
- The Roslin Institute & Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara B Shih
- The Roslin Institute & Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, United Kingdom
| | - Neil A Mabbott
- The Roslin Institute & Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, United Kingdom
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12
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Skowron-Kandzia K, Tomsia M, Koryciak-Komarska H, Plewka D, Wieczorek P, Czekaj P. Gene Expression in Amnion-Derived Cells Cultured on Recombinant Laminin 332-A Preliminary Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:719899. [PMID: 34859000 PMCID: PMC8631290 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.719899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Human amniotic cells (hAC) exhibit characteristics of undifferentiated cells and immunomodulatory properties. Recognition of the relationship between amniotic cells and components of the extracellular matrix is an important condition for their ex vivo preparation and further successful clinical application in regenerative medicine and transplantology. Laminin 332 (LN-332), as a natural component of the basement membrane of amniotic epithelial cells and a ligand for integrin receptors, may strongly influence the phenotype and fate of amniotic cells. We investigated the impact of recombinant LN-332 on hAC viability and expression of markers for pluripotency, early differentiation, adhesion, and immunomodulatory properties. During 14 days of culture, hAC were quantified and qualified by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry, and flow cytometry. Gene expression was assessed with real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) arrays and compared with differentiated cells originated from the three germ layers. LN-332 caused an over 2-fold increase in the total number of hAC, accompanied by a 75% reduction of SSEA-4-positive cells and an increase in HLA-ABC-positive cells. In particular, we observed that the presence of laminin 332 in the medium of a short-time culture modifies the effect of culture duration on hAC, enhancing time-dependent inhibition of expression of certain genes, including pluripotency and differentiation markers, laminin 332 subunits (which may be part of self-regulation of LN-332 synthesis by amniotic cells), and integrins. The changes observed in hAC were more distinct with respect to differentiated mesenchymal cells, resulting in more comparable phenotypes than those represented by differentiated endo- and ectodermal cells. We concluded that laminin 332 present in the culture medium influences to a certain extent proliferation, adhesion, and differentiation of amniotic cells in culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Skowron-Kandzia
- Students Scientific Society, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Marcin Tomsia
- Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Halina Koryciak-Komarska
- Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Danuta Plewka
- Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Patrycja Wieczorek
- Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Piotr Czekaj
- Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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13
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Subbalakshmi AR, Sahoo S, McMullen I, Saxena AN, Venugopal SK, Somarelli JA, Jolly MK. KLF4 Induces Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition (MET) by Suppressing Multiple EMT-Inducing Transcription Factors. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5135. [PMID: 34680284 PMCID: PMC8533753 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-Mesenchymal Plasticity (EMP) refers to reversible dynamic processes where cells can transition from epithelial to mesenchymal (EMT) or from mesenchymal to epithelial (MET) phenotypes. Both these processes are modulated by multiple transcription factors acting in concert. While EMT-inducing transcription factors (TFs)-TWIST1/2, ZEB1/2, SNAIL1/2/3, GSC, and FOXC2-are well-characterized, the MET-inducing TFs are relatively poorly understood (OVOL1/2 and GRHL1/2). Here, using mechanism-based mathematical modeling, we show that transcription factor KLF4 can delay the onset of EMT by suppressing multiple EMT-TFs. Our simulations suggest that KLF4 overexpression can promote a phenotypic shift toward a more epithelial state, an observation suggested by the negative correlation of KLF4 with EMT-TFs and with transcriptomic-based EMT scoring metrics in cancer cell lines. We also show that the influence of KLF4 in modulating the EMT dynamics can be strengthened by its ability to inhibit cell-state transitions at the epigenetic level. Thus, KLF4 can inhibit EMT through multiple parallel paths and can act as a putative MET-TF. KLF4 associates with the patient survival metrics across multiple cancers in a context-specific manner, highlighting the complex association of EMP with patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayalur Raghu Subbalakshmi
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India; (A.R.S.); (S.S.); (S.K.V.)
| | - Sarthak Sahoo
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India; (A.R.S.); (S.S.); (S.K.V.)
| | | | | | - Sudhanva Kalasapura Venugopal
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India; (A.R.S.); (S.S.); (S.K.V.)
| | - Jason A. Somarelli
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA;
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India; (A.R.S.); (S.S.); (S.K.V.)
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14
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Galán-Martínez J, Stamatakis K, Sánchez-Gómez I, Vázquez-Cuesta S, Gironés N, Fresno M. Isoform-specific effects of transcription factor TCFL5 on the pluripotency-related genes SOX2 and KLF4 in colorectal cancer development. Mol Oncol 2021; 16:1876-1890. [PMID: 34623757 PMCID: PMC9067154 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a very common life‐threatening malignancy. Transcription factor‐like 5 (TCFL5) has been suggested to be involved in CRC. Here, we describe the expression of four alternative transcripts of TCFL5 and their relevance in CRC. Complete deletion of all isoforms drastically decreased pro‐tumoural properties such as spheroids formation and in vivo tumour growth, although increased migration in CRC cell lines. Overexpression of the two main isoforms, TCFL5_E8 and CHA, had opposite effects: TCFL5_E8 reduced proliferation and spheroids formation, while CHA increased them. TCFL5_E8 reduced in vivo tumour formation, while CHA had no effect. In addition, TCFL5_E8 and CHA have different roles in the regulation of the pluripotency‐related genes SOX2 and KLF4. Both isoforms bind directly to their promoters; however, TCFL5_E8 induced SOX2 and reduced KLF4 mRNA levels, whereas CHA did the opposite. Together, our results show that TCFL5 plays an important role in the development of CRC, being however isoform‐specific. This work also points to the need to analyse separately TCFL5 isoforms in cancer, due to their different and opposite functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Galán-Martínez
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.,Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Sanitario de Investigación Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Konstantinos Stamatakis
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.,Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés Sánchez-Gómez
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.,Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Sanitario de Investigación Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Núria Gironés
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.,Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Sanitario de Investigación Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Fresno
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.,Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Sanitario de Investigación Princesa, Madrid, Spain
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15
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Avgustinova A, Laudanna C, Pascual-García M, Rovira Q, Djurec M, Castellanos A, Urdiroz-Urricelqui U, Marchese D, Prats N, Van Keymeulen A, Heyn H, Vaquerizas JM, Benitah SA. Repression of endogenous retroviruses prevents antiviral immune response and is required for mammary gland development. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:1790-1804.e8. [PMID: 34010627 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The role of heterochromatin in cell fate specification during development is unclear. We demonstrate that loss of the lysine 9 of histone H3 (H3K9) methyltransferase G9a in the mammary epithelium results in de novo chromatin opening, aberrant formation of the mammary ductal tree, impaired stem cell potential, disrupted intraductal polarity, and loss of tissue function. G9a loss derepresses long terminal repeat (LTR) retroviral sequences (predominantly the ERVK family). Transcriptionally activated endogenous retroviruses generate double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) that triggers an antiviral innate immune response, and knockdown of the cytosolic dsDNA sensor Aim2 in G9a knockout (G9acKO) mammary epithelium rescues mammary ductal invasion. Mammary stem cell transplantation into immunocompromised or G9acKO-conditioned hosts shows partial dependence of the G9acKO mammary morphological defects on the inflammatory milieu of the host mammary fat pad. Thus, altering the chromatin accessibility of retroviral elements disrupts mammary gland development and stem cell activity through both cell-autonomous and non-autonomous mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Avgustinova
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Carmelo Laudanna
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mónica Pascual-García
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Quirze Rovira
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Magdolna Djurec
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andres Castellanos
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Uxue Urdiroz-Urricelqui
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Domenica Marchese
- CNAG-CRG, Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neus Prats
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Holger Heyn
- CNAG-CRG, Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan M Vaquerizas
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany; MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Salvador Aznar Benitah
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
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16
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Fujikura K, Hosoda W, Felsenstein M, Song Q, Reiter JG, Zheng L, Beleva Guthrie V, Rincon N, Dal Molin M, Dudley J, Cohen JD, Wang P, Fischer CG, Braxton AM, Noë M, Jongepier M, Fernández-del Castillo C, Mino-Kenudson M, Schmidt CM, Yip-Schneider MT, Lawlor RT, Salvia R, Roberts NJ, Thompson ED, Karchin R, Lennon AM, Jiao Y, Wood LD. Multiregion whole-exome sequencing of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms reveals frequent somatic KLF4 mutations predominantly in low-grade regions. Gut 2021; 70:928-939. [PMID: 33028669 PMCID: PMC8262510 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) are non-invasive precursor lesions that can progress to invasive pancreatic cancer and are classified as low-grade or high-grade based on the morphology of the neoplastic epithelium. We aimed to compare genetic alterations in low-grade and high-grade regions of the same IPMN in order to identify molecular alterations underlying neoplastic progression. DESIGN We performed multiregion whole exome sequencing on tissue samples from 17 IPMNs with both low-grade and high-grade dysplasia (76 IPMN regions, including 49 from low-grade dysplasia and 27 from high-grade dysplasia). We reconstructed the phylogeny for each case, and we assessed mutations in a novel driver gene in an independent cohort of 63 IPMN cyst fluid samples. RESULTS Our multiregion whole exome sequencing identified KLF4, a previously unreported genetic driver of IPMN tumorigenesis, with hotspot mutations in one of two codons identified in >50% of the analyzed IPMNs. Mutations in KLF4 were significantly more prevalent in low-grade regions in our sequenced cases. Phylogenetic analyses of whole exome sequencing data demonstrated diverse patterns of IPMN initiation and progression. Hotspot mutations in KLF4 were also identified in an independent cohort of IPMN cyst fluid samples, again with a significantly higher prevalence in low-grade IPMNs. CONCLUSION Hotspot mutations in KLF4 occur at high prevalence in IPMNs. Unique among pancreatic driver genes, KLF4 mutations are enriched in low-grade IPMNs. These data highlight distinct molecular features of low-grade and high-grade dysplasia and suggest diverse pathways to high-grade dysplasia via the IPMN pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Fujikura
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Waki Hosoda
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Matthäus Felsenstein
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Department of Surgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Qianqian Song
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021 Beijing, China
| | - Johannes G. Reiter
- Canary Center for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA,Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Lily Zheng
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Natalia Rincon
- Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marco Dal Molin
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jonathan Dudley
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joshua D. Cohen
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Pei Wang
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021 Beijing, China
| | - Catherine G. Fischer
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alicia M. Braxton
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michaël Noë
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Martine Jongepier
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Mari Mino-Kenudson
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C. Max Schmidt
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Rita T. Lawlor
- ARC-NET: Centre for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Roberto Salvia
- General and Pancreatic Surgery Department, The Pancreas Institute and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Nicholas J. Roberts
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth D. Thompson
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rachel Karchin
- Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anne Marie Lennon
- Department of Medicine, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yuchen Jiao
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Laura D. Wood
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Correspondence: Laura D. Wood, MD, PhD, CRB2 Room 345, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21231, Phone: 410-955-3511, Fax: 410-614-0671, , Yuchen Jiao, PhD, 4104 Laobingfanglou, 17 Panjiayuannanli, Beijing, China, 100021, Phone: 86-10-87787662,
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17
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Blum A, Mostow K, Jackett K, Kelty E, Dakpa T, Ryan C, Hagos E. KLF4 Regulates Metabolic Homeostasis in Response to Stress. Cells 2021; 10:830. [PMID: 33917010 PMCID: PMC8067718 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancerous cells are detrimental to the human body and can be incredibly resilient against treatments because of the complexities of molecular carcinogenic pathways. In particular, cancer cells are able to sustain increased growth under metabolic stress due to phenomena like the Warburg effect. Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), a context-dependent transcription factor that can act as both a tumor suppressor and an oncogene, is involved in many molecular pathways that respond to low glucose and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), raising the question of its role in metabolic stress as a result of increased proliferation of tumor cells. In this study, metabolic assays were performed, showing enhanced efficiency of energy production in cells expressing KLF4. Western blotting showed that KLF4 increases the expression of essential glycolytic proteins. Furthermore, we used immunostaining to show that KLF4 increases the localization of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) to the cellular membrane. 2',7'-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCF-DA) was used to analyze the production of ROS, and we found that KLF4 reduces stress-induced ROS within cells. Finally, we demonstrated increased autophagic death in KLF4-expressing cells in response to glucose starvation. Collectively, these results relate KLF4 to non-Warburg metabolic behaviors that support its role as a tumor suppressor and could make KLF4 a target for new cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Engda Hagos
- Department of Biology, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY 13346, USA; (A.B.); (K.M.); (K.J.); (E.K.); (T.D.); (C.R.)
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18
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Ingruber J, Savic D, Steinbichler TB, Sprung S, Fleischer F, Glueckert R, Schweigl G, Skvortsova II, Riechelmann H, Dudás J. KLF4, Slug and EMT in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030539. [PMID: 33802627 PMCID: PMC7998447 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is clinically relevant in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We hypothesized that EMT-transcription factors (EMT-TFs) and an anti-EMT factor, Krüppel-like-factor-4 (KLF4) regulate EMT in HNSCC. Ten control mucosa and 37 HNSCC tissue samples and three HNSCC cell lines were included for investigation of EMT-TFs, KLF4 and vimentin at mRNA and protein levels. Slug gene expression was significantly higher, whereas, KLF4 gene expression was significantly lower in HNSCC than in normal mucosa. In the majority of HNSCC samples, there was a significant negative correlation between KLF4 and Slug gene expression. Slug gene expression was significantly higher in human papilloma virus (HPV) negative HNSCC, and in tumor samples with irregular p53 gene sequence. Transforming-growth-factor-beta-1 (TGF- β1) contributed to downregulation of KLF4 and upregulation of Slug. Two possible regulatory pathways could be suggested: (1) EMT-factors induced pathway, where TGF-β1 induced Slug together with vimentin, and KLF4 was down regulated at the same time; (2) p53 mutations contributed to upregulation and stabilization of Slug, where also KLF4 could co-exist with EMT-TFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Ingruber
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, University Hospital of Tyrol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (J.I.); (T.B.S.); (F.F.); (R.G.); (G.S.); (H.R.)
| | - Dragana Savic
- Laboratory for Experimental and Translational Research on Radiation Oncology (EXTRO-Lab), Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (D.S.); (I.-I.S.)
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Teresa Bernadette Steinbichler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, University Hospital of Tyrol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (J.I.); (T.B.S.); (F.F.); (R.G.); (G.S.); (H.R.)
| | - Susanne Sprung
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Felix Fleischer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, University Hospital of Tyrol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (J.I.); (T.B.S.); (F.F.); (R.G.); (G.S.); (H.R.)
- Department of Restorative and Operative Dentistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rudolf Glueckert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, University Hospital of Tyrol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (J.I.); (T.B.S.); (F.F.); (R.G.); (G.S.); (H.R.)
| | - Gabriele Schweigl
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, University Hospital of Tyrol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (J.I.); (T.B.S.); (F.F.); (R.G.); (G.S.); (H.R.)
| | - Ira-Ida Skvortsova
- Laboratory for Experimental and Translational Research on Radiation Oncology (EXTRO-Lab), Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (D.S.); (I.-I.S.)
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Herbert Riechelmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, University Hospital of Tyrol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (J.I.); (T.B.S.); (F.F.); (R.G.); (G.S.); (H.R.)
| | - József Dudás
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, University Hospital of Tyrol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (J.I.); (T.B.S.); (F.F.); (R.G.); (G.S.); (H.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-512-5048-2475
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19
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Liu N, Wei S, Zhao R. Integrated miRNA-mRNA Analysis Reveals Potential Biomarkers of Chemoresistance in Ovarian Cancer. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2021.2508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The current study aimed to determine potential biomarkers related to chemoresistance in ovarian cancer and the involved signaling pathways through bioinformatics analysis. This was followed by an exploration of the related indices on the occurrence and development of chemoresistance
in ovarian cancer (OC). Five miRNA/mRNA expression datasets on chemoresistance OC were obtained from the Geodatabase. The significantly different expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and differently expressed genes (DEGs) between chemoresistant OC tissues and control tissues were screened using the GEO2R
online tool. Afterwards, pathway analysis was utilized to analyze the DEGs and Cytoscape with STRING 11.0 was used to visualize the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs. Afterwards, TFmiR webserver was performed to predict the TF-miRNA-mRNA network. Finally, KM-Plotter was utilized
to determine the effects of hub genes and key miRNAs on survival time. A total of 24 DEMs and 548 DEGs were screened from four different datasets on chemoresistance in OC. Seven mRNA-miRNA pairs were found. Survival analysis based on the Kaplan-Meier plotter revealed that 11 biomarkers, including
hsa-miR-363, hsa-miR-125b, CDKN1N, JUN, KFL4, IGFBP3, TGFBR2, CCR5, SPP1, LOX, and MMP1, which were associated with TF-miRNA-mRNA network, were closely associated with overall survival (OS) in patients with OC (P< 0.05). The integrated genomic analysis method was successful in screening
novel and important genes for the occurrence and progression of chemoresistance in OC. Moreover, this method provided valuable information for investigating chemoresistance in OC and also forms the basis for further functional research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niping Liu
- Department of Gynecology, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Shiyang Wei
- Department of Gynecology, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Renfeng Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
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Wang T, Wang P, Chen D, Xu Z, Yang L. circARRDC3 contributes to interleukin‑13‑induced inflammatory cytokine and mucus production in nasal epithelial cells via the miR‑375/KLF4 axis. Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:141. [PMID: 33313951 PMCID: PMC7751456 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common inflammatory disorder of the nasal mucosa. It is a major risk factor for asthma development, and uncontrolled AR can lead to the worsening of asthma symptoms, which affects the quality of life and productivity of patients. Circular RNAs (circRNA) were reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of AR. The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional role of circRNA arrestin domain-containing 3 (circARRDC3) in AR progression. circARRDC3 knockdown suppressed the levels of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and eotaxin and mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) in IL-13-induced nasal epithelial cells. Moreover, circARRDC3 silencing promoted viability and suppressed apoptosis in IL-13-induced NECs. circARRDC3 targeted microRNA (miR)-375 and negatively regulated its expression. miR-375 inhibition reversed the effects of circARRDC3 knockdown on GM-CSF, eotaxin and MUC5AC expression levels, cell viability and cell apoptosis. In addition, miR-375 inhibited krueppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) expression through direct interaction, and miR-375 overexpression inhibited GM-CSF, eotaxin and MUC5AC expression levels, and cell apoptosis, which was abolished following KLF4 overexpression. In addition, circARRDC3, miR-375 and KLF4 were all dysregulated in the nasal mucosa of patients with AR. miR-375 expression was negatively correlated with circARRDC3 and KLF4 expression, and circARRDC3 expression was positively correlated with KLF4 expression. In conclusion, circARRDC3 contributed to the development of AR by regulating the miR-375/KLF4 axis. These findings may provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Peihua Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Zhou Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Liyun Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
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Hub gene identification and prognostic model construction for isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation in glioma. Transl Oncol 2020; 14:100979. [PMID: 33290989 PMCID: PMC7720094 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We identified ten hub genes which were driving IDH status in GBM and LGG. We constructed a prognostic model for IDH-mutant patients. Our findings have important clinical implications for accurate treatment in glioma.
Our study attempted to identify hub genes related to isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation in glioma and develop a prognostic model for IDH-mutant glioma patients. In a first step, ten hub genes significantly associated with the IDH status were identified by weighted gene coexpression analysis (WGCNA). The functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that the most enriched terms of these hub genes were cadherin binding and glutathione metabolism. Three of these hub genes were significantly linked with the survival of glioma patients. 328 samples of IDH-mutant glioma were separated into two datasets: a training set (N = 228) and a test set (N = 100). Based on the training set, we identified two IDH-mutant subtypes with significantly different pathological features by using consensus clustering. A 31 gene-signature was identified by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm and used for establishing a differential prognostic model for IDH-mutant patients. In addition, the test set was employed for validating the prognostic model, and the model was proven to be of high value in classifying prognostic information of samples. The functional annotation revealed that the genes related to the model were mainly enriched in nuclear division, DNA replication, and cell cycle. Collectively, this study provided novel insights into the molecular mechanism of IDH mutation in glioma, and constructed a prognostic model which can be effective for predicting prognosis of glioma patients with IDH-mutation, which might promote the development of IDH target agents in glioma therapies and contribute to accurate prognostication and management in IDH-mutant glioma patients.
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Recent Discoveries on the Involvement of Krüppel-Like Factor 4 in the Most Common Cancer Types. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228843. [PMID: 33266506 PMCID: PMC7700188 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is a transcription factor highly conserved in evolution. It is particularly well known for its role in inducing pluripotent stem cells. In addition, KLF4 plays many roles in cancer. The results of most studies suggest that KLF4 is a tumor suppressor. However, the functioning of KLF4 is regulated at many levels. These include regulation of transcription, alternative splicing, miRNA, post-translational modifications, subcellular localization, protein stability and interactions with other molecules. Simple experiments aimed at assaying transcript levels or protein levels fail to address this complexity and thus may deliver misleading results. Tumor subtypes are also important; for example, in prostate cancer KLF4 is highly expressed in indolent tumors where it impedes tumor progression, while it is absent from aggressive prostate tumors. KLF4 is important in regulating response to many known drugs, and it also plays a role in tumor microenvironment. More and more information is available about upstream regulators, downstream targets and signaling pathways associated with the involvement of KLF4 in cancer. Furthermore, KLF4 performs critical function in the overall regulation of tissue homeostasis, cellular integrity, and progression towards malignancy. Here we summarize and analyze the latest findings concerning this fascinating transcription factor.
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Comprehensive Analysis of Differently Expressed and Methylated Genes in Preeclampsia. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2020; 2020:2139270. [PMID: 33204297 PMCID: PMC7652635 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2139270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is one of the mainly caused maternal and infant incidences and mortalities worldwide. However, the mechanisms underlying PE remained largely unclear. The present study identified 1716 high expressions of gene and 2705 low expressions of gene using GSE60438 database, and identified 7087 hypermethylated and 15120 hypomethylated genes in preeclampsia using GSE100197. Finally, 536 upregulated genes with hypomethylation and 322 downregulated genes with hypermethylation were for the first time revealed in PE. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that these genes were associated with peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation, skeletal system development, leukocyte migration, transcription regulation, T cell receptor and IFN-γ-involved pathways, innate immune response, signal transduction, cell adhesion, angiogenesis, and hemopoiesis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis demonstrated that aberrantly methylated differentially expressed genes were involved in regulating adherens junction, pluripotency of stem cell regulation, immune processing, T cell receptor and NF-κB pathways, HTLV-I and HSV infections, leishmaniasis, and NK-induced cytotoxicity. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis identified several hub networks and key genes, including MAPK8, CCNF, CDC23, ABL1, NF1, UBE2E3, CD44, and PIK3R1. We hope these findings will draw more attention to these hub genes in future PE studies.
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The membrane-bound and soluble form of melanotransferrin function independently in the diagnosis and targeted therapy of lung cancer. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:933. [PMID: 33127882 PMCID: PMC7599248 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03124-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Melanotransferrin (MFI2) is a newly identified tumor-associated protein, which consists of two forms of proteins, membrane-bound (mMFI2) and secretory (sMFI2). However, little is known about the expression pattern and their relevance in lung cancer. Here, we found that both two forms of MFI2 are highly expressed in lung cancer. The expression of MFI2 in lung cancer was detected by using the public database and qRT-PCR. Overexpression and knockdown cell lines and recombinant sMFI2 protein were used to study the function of mMFI2 and sMFI2. RNA-seq, protein chip, ChIP assay, Immunoprecipitation, ELISA, and immunofluorescence were used to study the molecular biological mechanism of mMFI2 and sMFI2. We found that mMFI2 promoted the expression of EMT’s common marker N-cadherin by downregulating the transcription factor KLI4, which in turn promoted tumor metastasis; sMFI2 could promote the metastasis of autologous tumor cells in an autocrine manner but the mechanism is different from that of mMFI2. In addition, sMFI2 was proved could inhibit the migration of vascular endothelial cells and subsequently enhance angiogenic responses in a paracrine manner. We propose that the expressions and functions of the two forms of MFI2 in lung cancer are relatively independent. Specifically, mMFI2 was a potential lung cancer therapeutic target, while sMFI2 was highly enriched in advanced lung cancer, and could be used as a tumor staging index.
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Chen D, Yuan M, Ye Q, Wang X, Xu J, Shi G, Hu Z. Cyanidin-3- O-glucoside inhibits epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and migration and invasion of breast cancer cells by upregulating KLF4. Food Nutr Res 2020; 64:4240. [PMID: 33240028 PMCID: PMC7672442 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v64.4240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anthocyanins (ACNs) are capable of suppressing breast cancer growth; however, investigation on the effect and mechanism of ACNs on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and cell migration and invasion in breast cancer cells is limited. A complete understanding of those properties may provide useful information on of how to use these natural compounds for cancer prevention and treatment. Objectives The aim of this work was to investigate the role of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (Cy3G), one of the most widely distributed ACNs in edible fruits, in the EMT process, and cell migration and invasion of breast cancer cells, and its underlying molecular mechanisms of how Cy3G establishes these functional roles in these cells. Methods MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells were treated with Cy3G (20 μM) for 24 h, and then the cells were used for cell migration and invasion assay. Western blotting, luciferase assay, ubiquitination assay, gene knockdown, and cycloheximide chase assay were performed to analyze the molecular mechanisms of Cy3G in suppressing EMT, and cell migration and invasion. Results Cy3G inhibited the EMT process in these cells and significantly suppressed the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells (P ≤ 0.05) by upregulating Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) expression at protein level. KLF4 knockdown in MDA-MB-231 cells did not reveal any change in EMT marker expression, and cell migration and invasion upon treatment with Cy3G (P ≥ 0.05), which strongly indicated that the effects of Cy3G were mediated by KLF4. Furthermore, we determined that Cy3G indirectly upregulated KLF4 expression by downregulating FBXO32, which is the E3 ligase of KLF4. Conclusion Cy3G is a potential anticancer reagent as it can inhibit EMT and breast cancer cell migration and invasion by upregulating KLF4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahu Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China.,School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mei Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qin Ye
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xing Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jing Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Guangyi Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhaodi Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
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Impact of KLF4 on Cell Proliferation and Epithelial Differentiation in the Context of Cystic Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186717. [PMID: 32937756 PMCID: PMC7555189 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) cells display a more cancer-like phenotype vs. non-CF cells. KLF4 overexpression has been described in CF and this transcriptional factor acts as a negative regulator of wt-CFTR. KLF4 is described as exerting its effects in a cell-context-dependent fashion, but it is generally considered a major regulator of proliferation, differentiation, and wound healing, all the processes that are also altered in CF. Therefore, it is relevant to characterize the differential role of KLF4 in these processes in CF vs. non-CF cells. To this end, we used wt- and F508del-CFTR CFBE cells and their respective KLF4 knockout (KO) counterparts to evaluate processes like cell proliferation, polarization, and wound healing, as well as to compare the expression of several epithelial differentiation markers. Our data indicate no major impact of KLF4 KO in proliferation and a differential impact of KLF4 KO in transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) acquisition and wound healing in wt- vs. F508del-CFTR cells. In parallel, we also observed a differential impact on the levels of some differentiation markers and epithelial-mesencymal transition (EMT)-associated transcription factors. In conclusion, KLF4 impacts TEER acquisition, wound healing, and the expression of differentiation markers in a way that is partially dependent on the CFTR-status of the cell.
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Roberts MS, Anstine LJ, Finke VS, Bryson BL, Webb BM, Weber-Bonk KL, Seachrist DD, Majmudar PR, Keri RA. KLF4 defines the efficacy of the epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor, erlotinib, in triple-negative breast cancer cells by repressing the EGFR gene. Breast Cancer Res 2020; 22:66. [PMID: 32552913 PMCID: PMC7301986 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-020-01305-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by high rates of recurrence and poor overall survival. This is due, in part, to a deficiency of targeted therapies, making it essential to identify therapeutically targetable driver pathways of this disease. While epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is expressed in 60% of TNBCs and drives disease progression, attempts to inhibit EGFR in unselected TNBC patients have had a marginal impact on outcomes. Hence, we sought to identify the mechanisms that dictate EGFR expression and inhibitor response to provide a path for improving the utility of these drugs. In this regard, the majority of TNBCs express low levels of the transcription factor, Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), while a small subset is associated with high expression. KLF4 and EGFR have also been reported to have opposing actions in TNBC. Thus, we tested whether KLF4 controls the expression of EGFR and cellular response to its pharmacological inhibition. Methods KLF4 was transiently overexpressed in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells or silenced in MCF10A cells. Migration and invasion were assessed using modified Boyden chamber assays, and proliferation was measured by EdU incorporation. Candidate downstream targets of KLF4, including EGFR, were identified using reverse phase protein arrays of MDA-MB-231 cells following enforced KLF4 expression. The ability of KLF4 to suppress EGFR gene and protein expression and downstream signaling was assessed by RT-PCR and western blot, respectively. ChIP-PCR confirmed KLF4 binding to the EGFR promoter. Response to erlotinib in the context of KLF4 overexpression or silencing was assessed using cell number and dose-response curves. Results We report that KLF4 is a major determinant of EGFR expression and activity in TNBC cells. KLF4 represses transcription of the EGFR gene, leading to reduced levels of total EGFR, its activated/phosphorylated form (pEGFR), and its downstream signaling intermediates. Moreover, KLF4 suppression of EGFR is a necessary intermediary step for KLF4 to inhibit aggressive TNBC phenotypes. Most importantly, KLF4 dictates the sensitivity of TNBC cells to erlotinib, an FDA-approved inhibitor of EGFR. Conclusions KLF4 is a major regulator of the efficacy of EGFR inhibitors in TNBC cells that may underlie the variable effectiveness of such drugs in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melyssa S Roberts
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Lindsey J Anstine
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Viviane S Finke
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Benjamin L Bryson
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Bryan M Webb
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Kristen L Weber-Bonk
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Darcie D Seachrist
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Parth R Majmudar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Ruth A Keri
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA. .,Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences and Division of General Medical Sciences-Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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Zhu L, Hissa B, Győrffy B, Jann JC, Yang C, Reissfelder C, Schölch S. Characterization of Stem-like Circulating Tumor Cells in Pancreatic Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E305. [PMID: 32429174 PMCID: PMC7278018 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10050305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the fourth most frequent cause of death from cancer. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) with stem-like characteristics lead to distant metastases and thus contribute to the dismal prognosis of PDAC. Our purpose is to investigate the role of stemness in CTCs derived from a genetically engineered mouse model of PDAC and to further explore the potential molecular mechanisms. The publically available RNA sequencing dataset GSE51372 was analyzed, and CTCs with (CTC-S) or without (CTC-N) stem-like features were discriminated based on a principal component analysis (PCA). Differentially expressed genes, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and further functional enrichment analyses were performed. The prognostic role of the candidate gene (CTNNB1) was assessed in a clinical PDAC patient cohort. Overexpression of the pluripotency marker Klf4 (Krüppel-like factor 4) in CTC-S cells positively correlates with Ctnnb1 (β-Catenin) expression, and their interaction presumably happens via protein-protein binding in the nucleus. As a result, the adherens junction pathway is significantly enriched in CTC-S. Furthermore, the overexpression of Ctnnb1 is a negative prognostic factor for progression-free survival (PFS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) in human PDAC cohort. Overexpression of Ctnnb1 may thus promote the metastatic capabilities of CTCs with stem-like properties via adherens junctions in murine PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (L.Z.); (B.H.); (C.Y.); (C.R.)
| | - Barbara Hissa
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (L.Z.); (B.H.); (C.Y.); (C.R.)
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary;
- TTK Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Johann-Christoph Jann
- Department of Medicine III, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany;
| | - Cui Yang
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (L.Z.); (B.H.); (C.Y.); (C.R.)
| | - Christoph Reissfelder
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (L.Z.); (B.H.); (C.Y.); (C.R.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) & German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schölch
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (L.Z.); (B.H.); (C.Y.); (C.R.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) & German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Niveditha D, Mukherjee S, Majumder S, Chowdhury R, Chowdhury S. A global transcriptomic pipeline decoding core network of genes involved in stages leading to acquisition of drug-resistance to cisplatin in osteosarcoma cells. Bioinformatics 2020; 35:1701-1711. [PMID: 30307528 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bty868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Traditional cancer therapy is focused on eradicating fast proliferating population of tumor cells. However, existing evidences suggest survival of sub-population of cancer cells that can resist chemotherapy by entering a 'persister' state of minimal growth. These cells eventually survive to produce cells resistant to drugs. The identifying of appropriate targets that can eliminate the drug-tolerant 'persisters' remains a challenge. Hence, a deeper understanding of the distinctive genetic signatures that lead to resistance is of utmost importance to design an appropriate therapy. RESULTS In this study, deep-sequencing of mRNA was performed in osteosarcoma (OS) cells, exposed to the widely used drug, cisplatin which is an integral part of current treatment regime for OS. Transcriptomic analysis was performed in (i) untreated OS; (ii) persister sub-population of cells post-drug shock; (iii) cells which evade growth bottleneck and (iv) drug-resistant cells obtained after several rounds of drug shock and revival. The transcriptomic signatures and pathways regulated in each group were compared; the transcriptomic pipeline to the acquisition of resistance was analyzed and the core network of genes altered during the process was delineated. Additionally, our transcriptomic data were compared with OS patient data obtained from Gene Ontology Omnibus. We observed a sub-set of genes to be commonly expressed in both data sets with a high correlation (0.81) in expression pattern. To the best of our knowledge, this study is uniquely designed to understand the series of genetic changes leading to the emergence of drug-resistant cells, and implications from this study have a potential therapeutic impact. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION All raw data can be accessed from GEO database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/) under the GEO accession number GSE86053. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Niveditha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, India
| | - Sudeshna Mukherjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, India
| | - Syamantak Majumder
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, India
| | - Rajdeep Chowdhury
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, India
| | - Shibasish Chowdhury
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, India
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A Novel Function for KLF4 in Modulating the De-differentiation of EpCAM -/CD133 - nonStem Cells into EpCAM +/CD133 + Liver Cancer Stem Cells in HCC Cell Line HuH7. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051198. [PMID: 32408542 PMCID: PMC7290717 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex and heterogeneous nature of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) hampers the identification of effective therapeutic strategies. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a fraction of cells within tumors with the ability to self-renew and differentiate, and thus significantly contribute to the formation and maintenance of heterogeneous tumor mass. Increasing evidence indicates high plasticity in tumor cells, suggesting that non-CSCs could acquire stem cell properties through de-differentiation or reprogramming processes. In this paper, we reveal KLF4 as a transcription factor that can induce a CSC-like phenotype in non-CSCs through upregulating the EpCAM and E-CAD expression. Our studies indicated that KLF4 could directly bind to the promoter of EpCAM and increase the number of EpCAM+/CD133+ liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) in the HuH7 HCC cell line. When KLF4 was overexpressed in EpCAM−/CD133− non-stem cells, the expressions of hepatic stem/progenitor cell genes such as CK19, EpCAM and LGR5 were significantly increased. KLF4 overexpressing non-stem cells exhibited greater cell viability upon sorafenib treatment, while the cell migration and invasion capabilities of these cells were suppressed. Importantly, we detected an increased membranous expression and colocalization of β-CAT, E-CAD and EpCAM in the KLF4-overexpressing EpCAM−/CD133− non-stem cells, suggesting that this complex might be required for the cancer stem cell phenotype. Moreover, our in vivo xenograft studies demonstrated that with a KLF4 overexpression, EpCAM−/CD133− non-stem cells attained an in vivo tumor forming ability comparable to EpCAM+/CD133+ LCSCs, and the tumor specimens from KLF4-overexpressing xenografts had increased levels of both the KLF4 and EpCAM proteins. Additionally, we identified a correlation between the KLF4 and EpCAM protein expressions in human HCC tissues independent of the tumor stage and differentiation status. Collectively, our data suggest a novel function for KLF4 in modulating the de-differentiation of tumor cells and the induction of EpCAM+/CD133+ LCSCs in HuH7 HCC cells.
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Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition: A Mechanism that Fuels Cancer Radio/Chemoresistance. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020428. [PMID: 32059478 PMCID: PMC7072371 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributes to tumor progression, cancer cell invasion, and therapy resistance. EMT is regulated by transcription factors such as the protein products of the SNAI gene family, which inhibits the expression of epithelial genes. Several signaling pathways, such as TGF-beta1, IL-6, Akt, and Erk1/2, trigger EMT responses. Besides regulatory transcription factors, RNA molecules without protein translation, micro RNAs, and long non-coding RNAs also assist in the initialization of the EMT gene cluster. A challenging novel aspect of EMT research is the investigation of the interplay between tumor microenvironments and EMT. Several microenvironmental factors, including fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, as well as inflammatory, immune, and endothelial cells, induce EMT in tumor cells. EMT tumor cells change their adverse microenvironment into a tumor friendly neighborhood, loaded with stromal regulatory T cells, exhausted CD8+ T cells, and M2 (protumor) macrophages. Several EMT inhibitory mechanisms are instrumental in reversing EMT or targeting EMT cells. Currently, these mechanisms are also significant for clinical use.
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Agbo KC, Huang JZ, Ghaleb AM, Williams JL, Shroyer KR, Bialkowska AB, Yang VW. Loss of the Krüppel-like factor 4 tumor suppressor is associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 5. [PMID: 32566755 PMCID: PMC7304562 DOI: 10.20517/2394-4722.2019.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cancer-related cause of death due to its propensity to metastasize. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a multistep process important for invasion and metastasis of CRC. Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is a zinc finger transcription factor highly expressed in differentiated cells of the intestinal epithelium. KLF4 has been shown to play a tumor suppressor role during CRC tumorigenesis - its loss accelerates development and progression of cancer. The present study examined the relationship between KLF4 and markers of EMT in CRC. Methods: Immunofluorescence staining for KLF4 and EMT markers was performed on archived patient samples after colorectal cancer resection and on colonic tissues of mice with colitis-associated cancer. Results: We found that KLF4 expression is lost in tumor sections obtained from CRC patients and in those of mouse colon following azoxymethane and dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS) treatment when compared to their respective normal appearing mucosa. Importantly, in CRC patient tumor sections, we observed a negative correlation between KLF4 levels and mesenchymal markers including TWIST, β-catenin, claudin-1, N-cadherin, and vimentin. Similarly, in tumor tissues from AOM/DSS-treated mice, KLF4 levels were negatively correlated with mesenchymal markers including SNAI2, β-catenin, and vimentin and positively correlated with the epithelial marker E-cadherin. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the loss of KLF4 expression is a potentially significant indicator of EMT in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley C Agbo
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Jessie Z Huang
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Amr M Ghaleb
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Jennie L Williams
- Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Kenneth R Shroyer
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Agnieszka B Bialkowska
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Vincent W Yang
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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Lin Y, Shi J, Shi B, Jia Z. Targeted sequencing reveals KLF4 gene associated with NSCL/P in Western Han Chinese. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2019; 12:3894-3900. [PMID: 31933779 PMCID: PMC6949737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without palate (NSCL/P) is one of the most common congenital birth defects affected by both gene and environmental modifiers. Recent studies revealed that KLF4 played an important role during craniofacial development. This study aimed to evaluate the association between KLF4 gene variations and NSCL/P in a Western Han Chinese population. METHODS In this study, 159 unrelated cases with NSCL/P were recruited. We used targeted region sequencing around KLF4 gene, and single variation association analysis and gene-based burden analysis were then performed. RESULTS 116 SNPs and 30 indels were found. Burden analysis showed no statistical significance. Association analysis results showed rs6477574 (P = 0.014 and OR = 1.58), rs112488950 (P = 0.0024 and OR = 1.98) and rs111357138 (P = 0.0025 and OR = 1.96) were associated with NSCL/P. CONCLUSIONS The results revealed that KLF4 variations were associated with NSCL/P in a Western Han Chinese population, providing a new reference for future genetic study of NSCL/P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiayu Shi
- Division of Growth and Development and Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of CaliforniaLos Angeles, USA
| | - Bing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhonglin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, Sichuan, China
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Tiwari A, Swamynathan S, Alexander N, Gnalian J, Tian S, Kinchington PR, Swamynathan SK. KLF4 Regulates Corneal Epithelial Cell Cycle Progression by Suppressing Canonical TGF-β Signaling and Upregulating CDK Inhibitors P16 and P27. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 60:731-740. [PMID: 30786277 PMCID: PMC6383833 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-26423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) promotes corneal epithelial (CE) cell fate while suppressing mesenchymal properties. TGF-β plays a crucial role in cell differentiation and development, and if dysregulated, it induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). As KLF4 and TGF-β regulate each other in a context-dependent manner, we evaluated the role of the crosstalk between KLF4 and TGF-β-signaling in CE homeostasis. Methods We used spatiotemporally regulated ablation of Klf4 within the adult mouse CE in ternary transgenic Klf4Δ/ΔCE (Klf4LoxP/LoxP/ Krt12rtTA/rtTA/ Tet-O-Cre) mice and short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated knockdown or lentiviral vector-mediated overexpression of KLF4 in human corneal limbal epithelial (HCLE) cells to evaluate the crosstalk between KLF4 and TGF-β-signaling components. Expression of TGF-β signaling components and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors was quantified by quantitative PCR, immunoblots, and/or immunofluorescent staining. Results CE-specific ablation of Klf4 resulted in (1) upregulation of TGF-β1, -β2, -βR1, and -βR2; (2) downregulation of inhibitory Smad7; (3) hyperphosphorylation of Smad2/3; (4) elevated nuclear localization of phospho-Smad2/3 and Smad4; and (5) downregulation of CDK inhibitors p16 and p27. Consistently, shRNA-mediated knockdown of KLF4 in HCLE cells resulted in upregulation of TGF-β1 and -β2, hyperphosphorylation and nuclear localization of SMAD2/3, downregulation of SMAD7, and elevated SMAD4 nuclear localization. Furthermore, overexpression of KLF4 in HCLE cells resulted in downregulation of TGF-β1, -βR1, and -βR2 and upregulation of SMAD7, p16, and p27. Conclusions Collectively, these results demonstrate that KLF4 regulates CE cell cycle progression by suppressing canonical TGF-β signaling and overcomes the undesirable concomitant decrease in TGF-β–dependent CDK inhibitors p16 and p27 expression by directly upregulating them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Tiwari
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Sudha Swamynathan
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Nicholas Alexander
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - John Gnalian
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Shenghe Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Paul R Kinchington
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States.,Department of Molecular Microbiology and Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States.,Fox Center for Vision Restoration, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States.,McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Shivalingappa K Swamynathan
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States.,Fox Center for Vision Restoration, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States.,McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
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Biesiada L, Sakowicz A, Grzesiak M, Borowiec M, Lisowska M, Pietrucha T, von Kaisenberg C, Lewandowski K. Identification of placental genes linked to selective intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) in dichorionic twin pregnancies: gene expression profiling study. Hum Genet 2019; 138:649-659. [PMID: 31041507 PMCID: PMC6554264 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-019-02016-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A linkage of dichorionic (DC) twin pregnancies with selective intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) to alterations in placental gene expression is unclear. The aim of the study was to identify placental genes related to hypoxia, adipogenesis and human growth which may contribute to IUGR development. The study group (IUGR/AGA) comprised dichorionic (DC) twin pregnancies, where the weight of the twins differed by > 15%; in addition, one twin was small for gestational age (< 10th percentile-SGA) (IUGR) while the other was appropriate for gestational age (> 10th percentile-AGA). In the control group (AGA/AGA), both fetuses were AGA and their weights differed by < 15%. In the first step (selection), placental expression of 260 genes was analysed by commercial PCR profiler array or qPCR primer assay between six pairs of IUGR/AGA twins. In the second stage (verification), the expression of 20 genes with fold change (FC) > 1.5 selected from the first stage was investigated for 75 DC pregnancies: 23 IUGR/AGA vs. 52 AGA/AGA. The expression of Angiopoetin 2, Leptin and Kruppel-like factor 4 was significantly higher, and Glis Family Zinc Finger 3 was lower, in placentas of SGA fetuses (FC = 3.3; 4.4; 1.6; and - 1.8, respectively; p < 0.05). The dysregulation of gene expression related to angiogenesis and growth factors in placentas of twins born from IUGR/AGA pregnancies suggest that these alternations might represent biological fetal adaptation to the uteral condition. Moreover, DC twin pregnancies may be a good model to identify the differences in placental gene expression between SGA and AGA fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Biesiada
- Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Gynecology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital-Research Institute in Lodz, Rzgowska 281/289, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Agata Sakowicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Mariusz Grzesiak
- Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Gynecology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital-Research Institute in Lodz, Rzgowska 281/289, Lodz, Poland
| | - Maciej Borowiec
- Department of Clinical Genetic, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Michalina Lisowska
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Pietrucha
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Krzysztof Lewandowski
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital-Research Institute in Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Porter EG, Dhiman A, Chowdhury B, Carter BC, Lin H, Stewart JC, Kazemian M, Wendt MK, Dykhuizen EC. PBRM1 Regulates Stress Response in Epithelial Cells. iScience 2019; 15:196-210. [PMID: 31077944 PMCID: PMC6514269 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polybromo1 (PBRM1) is a chromatin remodeler subunit highly mutated in cancer, particularly clear cell renal carcinoma. PBRM1 is a member of the SWI/SNF subcomplex, PBAF (PBRM1-Brg1/Brm-associated factors), and is characterized by six tandem bromodomains. Here we establish a role for PBRM1 in epithelial cell maintenance through the expression of genes involved in cell adhesion, metabolism, stress response, and apoptosis. In support of a general role for PBRM1 in stress response and apoptosis, we observe that loss of PBRM1 results in an increase in reactive oxygen species generation and a decrease in cellular viability under stress conditions. We find that loss of PBRM1 promotes cell growth under favorable conditions but is required for cell survival under conditions of cellular stress. PBRM1 facilitates the expression of stress response genes in epithelial cells Deletion of PBRM1 promotes growth under low-stress conditions PBRM1 restrains ROS generation and induces apoptosis under high-stress conditions Under H2O2 stress, PBRM1 cooperates with cJun and NRF2 to induce gene expression
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth G Porter
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
| | - Alisha Dhiman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
| | - Basudev Chowdhury
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
| | - Benjamin C Carter
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
| | - Hang Lin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
| | - Jane C Stewart
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
| | - Majid Kazemian
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
| | - Michael K Wendt
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
| | - Emily C Dykhuizen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA.
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Li L, Rispoli R, Patient R, Ciau-Uitz A, Porcher C. Etv6 activates vegfa expression through positive and negative transcriptional regulatory networks in Xenopus embryos. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1083. [PMID: 30842454 PMCID: PMC6403364 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09050-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
VEGFA signaling controls physiological and pathological angiogenesis and hematopoiesis. Although many context-dependent signaling pathways downstream of VEGFA have been uncovered, vegfa transcriptional regulation in vivo remains unclear. Here, we show that the ETS transcription factor, Etv6, positively regulates vegfa expression during Xenopus blood stem cell development through multiple transcriptional inputs. In agreement with its established repressive functions, Etv6 directly inhibits expression of the repressor foxo3, to prevent Foxo3 from binding to and repressing the vegfa promoter. Etv6 also directly activates expression of the activator klf4; reflecting a genome-wide paucity in ETS-binding motifs in Etv6 genomic targets, Klf4 then recruits Etv6 to the vegfa promoter to activate its expression. These two mechanisms (double negative gate and feed-forward loop) are classic features of gene regulatory networks specifying cell fates. Thus, Etv6's dual function, as a transcriptional repressor and activator, controls a major signaling pathway involved in endothelial and blood development in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Rossella Rispoli
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Roger Patient
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
| | - Aldo Ciau-Uitz
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
| | - Catherine Porcher
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
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Wu G, Yuan S, Chen Z, Chen G, Fan Q, Dong H, Ye F, Li J, Zhu X. The KLF14 Transcription Factor Regulates Glycolysis by Downregulating LDHB in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:628-635. [PMID: 30745849 PMCID: PMC6367579 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.30652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Krüppel-like transcription factor 14 (KLF14) is a critical regulator of a wide array of biological processes. However, the role of KLF14 in colorectal cancer (CRC) isn't fully investigated. This study aimed to explore the clinicopathological significance and potential role of KLF14 in the carcinogenesis and progression of CRC. A tissue microarray consisting of 185 samples from stage I-III CRC patients was adopted to analyze the correlation between KLF14 expression and clinicopathological parameters, as well as overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). The underlying mechanisms of altered KLF14 expression on glycolysis were studied using in vitro and patients' samples. The results showed that KLF14 expression was downregulated in CRC than their normal controls. Low KLF14 expression correlated with advanced T stage (P< 0.001) and N stage (P= 0.040), and larger tumor size (P= 0.008). Lost KLF14 expression implied shorter OS and DFS after colectomy in both univariate and multivariate survival analysis (P<0.05). Experimentally, restore KLF14 expression significantly decreased the rate of glycolysis both in vitro and in patients' sample. Mechanically, KLF14 regulated glycolysis by downregulating glycolytic enzyme LDHB. Collectively, KLF14 is a novel prognostic biomarker for survival in CRC, and downregulation of KLF14 in CRC prompts glycolysis by target LDHB. Hence, KLF14 could constitute potential prognostic predictors and therapeutic targets for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyang Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Medical School of Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shichao Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Medical School of Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zaiping Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Medical School of Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Guoping Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Medical School of Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qinghao Fan
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Medical School of Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hao Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Medical School of Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fubo Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Medical School of Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jing Li
- Departments of CyberKnife, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiongwen Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Medical School of Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
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Parekh U, Wu Y, Zhao D, Worlikar A, Shah N, Zhang K, Mali P. Mapping Cellular Reprogramming via Pooled Overexpression Screens with Paired Fitness and Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing Readout. Cell Syst 2018; 7:548-555.e8. [PMID: 30448000 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the effects of genetic perturbations on the cellular state has been challenging using traditional pooled screens, which typically rely on the delivery of a single perturbation per cell and unidimensional phenotypic readouts. Here, we use barcoded open reading frame overexpression libraries coupled with single-cell RNA sequencing to assay cell state and fitness, a technique we call SEUSS (scalable functional screening by sequencing). Using SEUSS, we perturbed hPSCs with a library of developmentally critical transcription factors (TFs) and assayed the impact of TF overexpression on fitness and transcriptomic states. We further leveraged the versatility of the ORF library approach to assay mutant genes and whole gene families. From the transcriptomic responses, we built genetic co-regulatory networks to identify altered gene modules and found that KLF4 and SNAI2 drive opposing effects along the epithelial-mesenchymal transition axis. From the fitness responses, we identified ETV2 as a driver of reprogramming toward an endothelial-like state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udit Parekh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dongxin Zhao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Atharv Worlikar
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Neha Shah
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Prashant Mali
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Meyer-Schaller N, Heck C, Tiede S, Yilmaz M, Christofori G. Foxf2 plays a dual role during transforming growth factor beta-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition by promoting apoptosis yet enabling cell junction dissolution and migration. Breast Cancer Res 2018; 20:118. [PMID: 30285803 PMCID: PMC6167826 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-1043-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The most life-threatening step during malignant tumor progression is reached when cancer cells leave the primary tumor mass and seed metastasis in distant organs. To infiltrate the surrounding tissue and disseminate throughout the body, single motile tumor cells leave the tumor mass by breaking down cell-cell contacts in a process called epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). An EMT is a complex molecular and cellular program enabling epithelial cells to abandon their differentiated phenotype, including cell-cell adhesion and cell polarity, and to acquire mesenchymal features and invasive properties. Methods We employed gene expression profiling and functional experiments to study transcriptional control of transforming growth factor (TGF)β-induced EMT in normal murine mammary gland epithelial (NMuMG) cells. Results We identified that expression of the transcription factor forkhead box protein F2 (Foxf2) is upregulated during the EMT process. Although it is not required to gain mesenchymal markers, Foxf2 is essential for the disruption of cell junctions and the downregulation of epithelial markers in NMuMG cells treated with TGFβ. Foxf2 is critical for the downregulation of E-cadherin by promoting the expression of the transcriptional repressors of E-cadherin, Zeb1 and Zeb2, while repressing expression of the epithelial maintenance factor Id2 and miRNA 200 family members. Moreover, Foxf2 is required for TGFβ-mediated apoptosis during EMT by the transcriptional activation of the proapoptotic BH3-only protein Noxa and by the negative regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mediated survival signaling through direct repression of its ligands betacellulin and amphiregulin. The dual function of Foxf2 during EMT is underscored by the finding that high Foxf2 expression correlates with good prognosis in patients with early noninvasive stages of breast cancer, but with poor prognosis in advanced breast cancer. Conclusions Our data identify the transcription factor Foxf2 as one of the important regulators of EMT, displaying a dual function in promoting tumor cell apoptosis as well as tumor cell migration. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13058-018-1043-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Meyer-Schaller
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 28, 4058, Basel, Switzerland.,Present address: Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Chantal Heck
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 28, 4058, Basel, Switzerland.,Present address: Integra Biosciences AG, Zizers, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Tiede
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 28, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mahmut Yilmaz
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 28, 4058, Basel, Switzerland.,Present address: Roche Pharma, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Christofori
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 28, 4058, Basel, Switzerland.
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41
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Bhattacharya A, Kumar J, Hermanson K, Sun Y, Qureshi H, Perley D, Scheidegger A, Singh BB, Dhasarathy A. The calcium channel proteins ORAI3 and STIM1 mediate TGF-β induced Snai1 expression. Oncotarget 2018; 9:29468-29483. [PMID: 30034631 PMCID: PMC6047677 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium influx into cells via plasma membrane protein channels is tightly regulated to maintain cellular homeostasis. Calcium channel proteins in the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum have been linked to cancer, specifically during the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a cell state transition process implicated in both cancer cell migration and drug resistance. The transcription factor SNAI1 (SNAIL) is upregulated during EMT and is responsible for gene expression changes associated with EMT, but the calcium channels required for Snai1 expression remain unknown. In this study, we show that blocking store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) with 2-aminoethoxydiphenylborane (2APB) reduces cell migration but, paradoxically, increases the level of TGF-β dependent Snai1 gene activation. We determined that this increased Snai1 transcription involves signaling through the AKT pathway and subsequent binding of NF-κB (p65) at the Snai1 promoter in response to TGF-β. We also demonstrated that the calcium channel protein ORAI3 and the stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) are required for TGF-β dependent Snai1 transcription. These results suggest that calcium channels differentially regulate cell migration and Snai1 transcription, indicating that each of these steps could be targeted to ensure complete blockade of cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atrayee Bhattacharya
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Janani Kumar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
- Present address: MD Anderson Cancer Center, Mitchell Basic Sciences Research Building, TX, USA
| | - Kole Hermanson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Yuyang Sun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
- Present address: UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Humaira Qureshi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
- Present address: Habib University, University Avenue, Gulistan-e-Jauhar, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Danielle Perley
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Adam Scheidegger
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Brij B. Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
- Present address: UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Archana Dhasarathy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
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Feng W, Xie Q, Liu S, Ji Y, Li C, Wang C, Jin L. Krüppel-like factor 4 promotes c-Met amplification-mediated gefitinib resistance in non-small-cell lung cancer. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:1775-1786. [PMID: 29624806 PMCID: PMC5989843 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gefitinib has been widely used in the first‐line treatment of advanced EGFR‐mutated non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, many NSCLC patients will acquire resistance to gefitinib after 9‐14 months of treatment. This study revealed that Krüppel‐like factor 4 (KLF4) contributes to the formation of gefitinib resistance in c‐Met‐overexpressing NSCLC cells. We observed that KLF4 was overexpressed in c‐Met‐overexpressing NSCLC cells and tissues. Knockdown of KLF4 increased tumorigenic properties in gefitinib‐resistant NSCLC cell lines without c‐Met overexpression, but it reduced tumorigenic properties and increased gefitinib sensitivity in gefitinib‐resistant NSCLC cells with c‐Met overexpression, whereas overexpression of KLF4 reduced gefitinib sensitivity in gefitinib‐sensitive NSCLC cells. Furthermore, Western blot analysis revealed that KLF4 contributed to the formation of gefitinib resistance in c‐Met‐overexpressing NSCLC cells by inhibiting the expression of apoptosis‐related proteins under gefitinib treatment and activating the c‐Met/Akt signaling pathway by decreasing the inhibition of β‐catenin on phosphorylation of c‐Met to prevent blockade by gefitinib. In summary, this study's results suggest that KLF4 is a promising candidate molecular target for both prevention and therapy of NSCLC with c‐Met overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Feng
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qianyi Xie
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Suo Liu
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Ji
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunyun Li
- Departments of Pediatrics, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunle Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Longyu Jin
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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The biology and role of CD44 in cancer progression: therapeutic implications. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:64. [PMID: 29747682 PMCID: PMC5946470 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0605-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 718] [Impact Index Per Article: 119.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CD44, a non-kinase transmembrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed in several cell types including cancer stem cells and frequently shows alternative spliced variants that are thought to play a role in cancer development and progression. Hyaluronan, the main ligand for CD44, binds to and activates CD44 resulting in activation of cell signaling pathways that induces cell proliferation, increases cell survival, modulates cytoskeletal changes, and enhances cellular motility. The different functional roles of CD44 standard (CD44s) and specific CD44 variant (CD44v) isoforms are not fully understood. CD44v contain additional peptide motifs that can interact with and sequester growth factors and cytokines at the cell surface thereby functioning as coreceptors to facilitate cell signaling. Moreover, CD44v were expressed in metastasized tumors, whereas switching between CD44v and CD44s may play a role in regulating epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and in the adaptive plasticity of cancer cells. Here, we review current data on the structural and functional properties of CD44, the known roles for CD44 in tumorigencity, the regulation of CD44 expression, and the potential for targeting CD44 for cancer therapy.
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44
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Role of IGFBP6 Protein in the Regulation of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Genes. Bull Exp Biol Med 2018; 164:650-654. [PMID: 29577195 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-018-4051-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Protein IGFBP6 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many malignant tumors, including breast cancer. The relationship between IGFBP6 protein and the expression of genes associated with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition is studied. Gene IGFBP6 knockdown does not trigger the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in MDA-MB-231 cells, but modifies significantly the expression of many genes involved in this process. A decrease of IGFBP6 expression can involve a decrease in the expression of N-cadherin and transcription factor Slug.
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Ren J, Ma R, Zhang Z, Li Y, Lei P, Men J. Retracted
: Effects of microRNA‐330 on vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques formation and vascular endothelial cell proliferation through the WNT signaling pathway in acute coronary syndrome. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:4514-4527. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ren
- Precision Medicine CenterTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinP.R. China
| | - Rui Ma
- Precision Medicine CenterTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinP.R. China
| | - Zhu‐Bo Zhang
- Precision Medicine CenterTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinP.R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Precision Medicine CenterTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinP.R. China
| | - Ping Lei
- Department of GeriatricsTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinP.R. China
| | - Jian‐Long Men
- Precision Medicine CenterTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinP.R. China
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Ferralli J, Chiquet-Ehrismann R, Degen M. KLF4α stimulates breast cancer cell proliferation by acting as a KLF4 antagonist. Oncotarget 2018; 7:45608-45621. [PMID: 27323810 PMCID: PMC5216746 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), a transcription factor involved in both tumor suppression and oncogenesis in various human tumors, is subject to alternative splicing that produces KLF4α. KLF4α is primarily expressed in the cytoplasm because it lacks exon 3 of KLF4, which contains the nuclear localization signal. The role of KLF4 in breast cancer remains unclear and nothing is known yet about the expression and function of the isoform KLF4α. Here, we show that KLF4α is expressed in normal and tumoral tissue of the breast and provide evidence that the KLF4α/KLF4(full-length) (FL) ratio is increased in tumors compared to corresponding normal tissue. Forced increase of the KLF4α/KLF4(FL) ratio in the metastatic breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 decreases the levels of E-Cadherin, p21Cip1, and p27Kip1, three known KLF4(FL) target genes, and stimulates cell proliferation. We suggest that cytoplasmic KLF4α binds to KLF4(FL) and retains it in the cytoplasm thereby antagonizing the gene regulatory activities of KLF4(FL) in the nucleus. Our results establish KLF4α as a KLF4 isoform that opposes the function of KLF4(FL) and as an important factor in the complex and unresolved role of KLF4(FL) in breast carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Ferralli
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Novartis Research Foundation, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ruth Chiquet-Ehrismann
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Novartis Research Foundation, Basel, Switzerland.,Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Degen
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Novartis Research Foundation, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Kong F, Sun T, Kong X, Xie D, Li Z, Xie K. Krüppel-like Factor 4 Suppresses Serine/Threonine Kinase 33 Activation and Metastasis of Gastric Cancer through Reversing Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:2440-2451. [PMID: 29367428 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-3346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background: Cancers with aberrant expression of Serine/threonine kinase 33 (STK33) has been reported to be particularly aggressive. However, its expression, clinical significance, and biological functions in gastric cancer remain largely unknown. In the present study, we determined the expression and function of STK33 in gastric cancer and delineated the clinical significance of the Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4)/STK33 signaling pathway.Methods: STK33 expression and its association with multiple clinicopathologic characteristics were analyzed immunohistochemically in human gastric cancer specimens. STK33 knockdown and overexpression were used to dissect the underlying mechanism of its functions in gastric cancer cells. Regulation and underlying mechanisms of STK33 expression by KLF4 in gastric cancer cells were studied using cell and molecular biological methods.Results: Drastically higher expression of STK33 was observed in gastric cancer and gastric intraepithelial neoplasia tissues compared with adjacent normal gastric tissues. Increased STK33 expression correlated directly with tumor size, lymph node, and distant metastasis; and patients with low STK33 expression gastric cancer were predicted to have a favorable prognosis. Enforced expression of STK33 promoted gastric cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and in vivo, whereas reduced STK33 did the opposite. Moreover, STK33 promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro Mechanistically, KLF4 transcriptionally inhibited STK33 expression in gastric cancer cells. KLF4-mediated inhibition of gastric cancer cell invasion was reversed by upregulation of STK33 expression.Conclusions: STK33 has pro-tumor function and is a critical downstream mediator of KLF4 in gastric cancer. STK33 may serve as a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for gastric cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 24(10); 2440-51. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanyang Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gastroenterology, PLA Air Force General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. .,Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Dacheng Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Zhaoshen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Keping Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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Hujie G, Zhou SH, Zhang H, Qu J, Xiong XW, Hujie O, Liao CG, Yang SE. MicroRNA-10b regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition by modulating KLF4/KLF11/Smads in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:10. [PMID: 29375271 PMCID: PMC5773153 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0508-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Our previous work showed that miR-10b was overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and promoted HCC cell migration and invasion. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is involved in HCC metastasis. So, we suspected that miR-10b might participate in the HCC EMT. Methods We performed morphological analysis and immunofluorescence to observe the roles of miR-10b in HCC EMT. The expression of KLF11 and EMT markers were detected by real-time RT-PCR and western blot. The regulation roles of miR-10b on KLF11 and KLF4 were determined by luciferase reporter assay. The chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed the binding relationship between KLF4 and KLF11. Results We found that overexpression of miR-10b could promote HCC EMT. miR-10b could upregulated KLF11 expression. The upregulation of KLF11 reduced the downstream molecular Smad7 expression, which upregulated the Smad3 expression to promote EMT development. Furthermore, the induction role of miR-10b in HCC EMT could be blocked by KLF11 siRNA. But our results showed that there was no direct regulation of miR-10b in KLF11 expression. Specifically, miR-10b could bind to the 3′UTR of KLF4 and inhibit KLF4 expression. KLF4 could directly bind to KLF11 promoter and downregulate KLF11 transcription. Conclusion Our results reveal that miR-10b downregulates KLF4, the inhibitory transcriptional factor of KLF11, which induces Smads signaling activity to promote HCC EMT. Our study presents the regulation mechanism of miR-10b in EMT through the KLF4/KLF11/Smads pathway for the first time and implicates miR-10b as a potential target for HCC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulibaha Hujie
- 1Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830000 People's Republic of China.,Department of Gerontology, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command of PLA, Urumqi, 830000 People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Hua Zhou
- Department of Gerontology, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command of PLA, Urumqi, 830000 People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Korla Hospital, Second Divisions of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Korla, 841000 People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Qu
- Department of Gerontology, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command of PLA, Urumqi, 830000 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Wei Xiong
- Department of Gerontology, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command of PLA, Urumqi, 830000 People's Republic of China
| | - Outikuer Hujie
- 4Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830000 People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Gong Liao
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command of PLA, Urumqi, 830000 People's Republic of China
| | - Shun-E Yang
- 1Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830000 People's Republic of China
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Wang Y, Bi Y, Zuo Q, Zhang W, Li D, He NN, Cheng S, Zhang YN, Li B. MAPK8 regulates chicken male germ cell differentiation through JNK signaling pathway. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:1548-1557. [PMID: 28815778 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The study aims to analyze the key signaling pathways in regulating the process of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) differentiation into spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). We explored the specific regulating mechanisms of C-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling in this process. Interference/overexpression of MAPK8 allows the JNK signaling pathway to be blocked/activated. In Retinoic acid (RA) induced in vitro differentiation assays, the expression of germ cell marker genes, cvh, c-kit, integrin α6 and integrin β1, was observed to upregulate while activating JNK signaling significantly. Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting (FACs) analysis showed that the proportion of cvh+ and integrin α6+ cells in the overexpression group was significantly higher than which in the RA + shRNA-MAPK8 group. In in vivo situations, shRNA-MAPK8 could stably express in chicken embryos and significantly down-regulate expression of MAPK8 and downstream genes in JNK signaling pathway. With PAS stain, we found that PGCs (primordial germ cells) was significantly decreased after inhibiting MAPK8. With real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western Blot, we identified that reproductive related genes expression was significantly suppressed after inhibiting MAPK8 in vivo. We preliminarily concluded that knockdown/ overexpression of MAPK8 could affect differentiation of ESC by inhibiting/activating JNK signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Yulin Bi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Qisheng Zuo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Dong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Na-Na He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Shaoze Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Ni Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Bichun Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
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Jia Y, Zhou J, Luo X, Chen M, Chen Y, Wang J, Xiong H, Ying X, Hu W, Zhao W, Deng W, Wang L. KLF4 overcomes tamoxifen resistance by suppressing MAPK signaling pathway and predicts good prognosis in breast cancer. Cell Signal 2017; 42:165-175. [PMID: 28988130 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tamoxifen resistance represents a daunting challenge to the successful treatment for breast cancer. Krüppel-like factor 4 has critical roles in the development and progression of breast cancer, but its expression, function and regulation in the efficacy of TAM therapy in breast cancer have yet to be investigated. Here, we examined the clinical significance and biologic effects of KLF4 in breast cancer. Firstly, higher expression of KLF4 correlated with increased TAM sensitivity in breast cancer cells, and analysis of GEO datasets indicated that KLF4 expression was positively correlated with ERα and enhanced expression of KLF4 sensitized breast cancer patients to endocrine therapy. Knockdown of KLF4 in MCF-7 and BCAP37 cells led to increased TAM resistance, while ectopic KLF4 expression promoted the responsiveness to TAM in T47D and TAM-resistant MCF-7/TAM cells. Secondly, ectopic KLF4 overexpression suppressed MCF-7/TAM cell growth, invasion and migration. Moreover, KLF4 expression was down-regulated in breast cancer tumor tissues and high expression of KLF4 was associated with favorable outcomes. Mechanistically, KLF4 may enhance the responsiveness of breast cancer cells to TAM through suppressing mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. We found that ERK and p38 were more activated in MCF-7/TAM compared with MCF-7, and treatment with MAPK-specific inhibitors significantly suppressed cell viability. Knockdown of KLF4 activated ERK and p38 and drove MCF-7 cells to become resistant to TAM. Conversely, overexpression of KLF4 in MCF-7/TAM cells suppressed ERK and p38 signaling and resulted in increased sensitivity to TAM. Therefore, our findings suggested that KLF4 contributed to TAM sensitivity in breast cancer via phosphorylation modification of ERK and p38 signaling. Collectively, this study highlighted the significance of KLF4/MAPK signal interaction in regulating TAM resistance of breast cancer, and suggested that targeting KLF4/MAPK signaling may be a potential therapeutic strategy for breast cancer treatment, especially for the TAM-resistant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlu Jia
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Jichun Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miao Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongxia Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Ji Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Hanchu Xiong
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Xiaogang Ying
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Wenxian Hu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Wenhe Zhao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, China.
| | - Wuguo Deng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Linbo Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, China.
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