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Ryu Y, Hwang JS, Bo Noh K, Park SH, Seo JH, Shin YJ. Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Promote the Regeneration of Corneal Endothelium Through Ameliorating Senescence. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:29. [PMID: 37850944 PMCID: PMC10593138 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.13.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Human corneal endothelial cells (hCECs) have been considered unable to regenerate in vivo, resulting in corneal decompensation after significant loss of hCECs. adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ASC)-derived exosomes can regenerate tissues and organs. In this study, we investigated whether ASC-derived exosomes could protect and regenerate CECs. Methods We performed cell viability and cell-cycle analyses to evaluate the effect of ASC-derived exosomes on the regeneration capacity of cultured hCECs. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were used to induce biological stress in CECs. The effect of ASC-derived exosomes on CECs was investigated in vivo. ASC-derived exosomes were introduced into rat CECs using electroporation, and rat corneas were injured using cryoinjury. Next-generation sequencing analysis was performed to compare the differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) between ASC-derived and hCEC-derived exosomes. Results ASC-derived exosomes induced CEC proliferation and suppressed TGF-β- or H2O2-induced oxidative stress and senescence. ASC-derived exosomes protect hCECs against TGF-β- or H2O2-induced endothelial-mesenchymal transition and mitophagy. In an in vivo study, ASC-derived exosomes promoted wound healing of rat CECs and protected the corneal endothelium against cryoinjury-induced corneal endothelium damage. Next-generation sequencing analysis revealed differentially expressed miRNAs for ASC-derived and hCEC-derived exosomes. They are involved in lysine degradation, adherens junction, the TGF-β signaling pathway, the p53 signaling pathway, the Hippo signaling pathway, the forkhead box O (FoxO) signaling pathway, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, and RNA degradation based on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. Conclusions ASC-derived exosomes promoted wound healing and regeneration of endothelial cells by inducing a shift in the cell cycle and suppressing senescence and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunkyoung Ryu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sun Hwang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Bo Noh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hie Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Hyun Seo
- Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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2
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Wang N, Pei B, Yuan X, Yi C, Wiredu Ocansey DK, Qian H, Mao F. Emerging roles of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in gastrointestinal cancers. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1019459. [PMID: 36338118 PMCID: PMC9631450 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1019459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal tumours are the most common solid tumours, with a poor prognosis and remain a major challenge in cancer treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent stromal cells with the potential to differentiate into multiple cell types. Several studies have shown that MSC-derived exosomes have become essential regulators of intercellular communication in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Notably, MSC-derived exosomes support or inhibit tumour progression in different cancers through the delivery of proteins, RNA, DNA, and bioactive lipids. Herein, we summarise current advances in MSC-derived exosomes in cancer research, with particular reference to their role in gastrointestinal tumour development. MSC-derived exosomes are expected to be a novel potential strategy for the treatment of gastrointestinal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naijian Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bing Pei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suqian First People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyi Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengxue Yi
- School of Medical Technology, Zhenjiang College, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dickson Kofi Wiredu Ocansey
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Directorate of University Health Services, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Hua Qian
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Hua Qian,
| | - Fei Mao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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3
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Splice and Dice: Intronic microRNAs, Splicing and Cancer. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091268. [PMID: 34572454 PMCID: PMC8465124 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introns span only a quarter of the human genome, yet they host around 60% of all known microRNAs. Emerging evidence indicates the adaptive advantage of microRNAs residing within introns is attributed to their complex co-regulation with transcription and alternative splicing of their host genes. Intronic microRNAs are often co-expressed with their host genes, thereby providing functional synergism or antagonism that is exploited or decoupled in cancer. Additionally, intronic microRNA biogenesis and the alternative splicing of host transcript are co-regulated and intertwined. The importance of intronic microRNAs is under-recognized in relation to the pathogenesis of cancer.
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4
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Souri Z, Wierenga APA, Kiliç E, Brosens E, Böhringer S, Kroes WGM, Verdijk RM, van der Velden PA, Luyten GPM, Jager MJ. MiRNAs Correlate with HLA Expression in Uveal Melanoma: Both Up- and Downregulation Are Related to Monosomy 3. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13164020. [PMID: 34439175 PMCID: PMC8393554 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare ocular malignancy that often gives rise to metastases. Tumours with an inflammatory phenotype have an especially bad prognosis. As an increased HLA expression and the presence of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes and macrophages may be regulated by miRNAs, we set out to investigate whether any miRNAs are associated with inflammatory parameters in this malignancy. Some miRNAs were increased in UM with a high HLA expression and high T cell numbers, while others were decreased, showing two opposing patterns; however, both patterns were related to the tumour’s chromosome 3/BAP1 status. We conclude that specific miRNAs are related to the inflammatory phenotype and that these are differentially expressed between disomy 3/BAP1-positive versus monosomy 3/BAP1-negative UM. Abstract MicroRNAs are known to play a role in the regulation of inflammation. As a high HLA Class I expression is associated with a bad prognosis in UM, we set out to determine whether any miRNAs were related to a high HLA Class I expression and inflammation. We also determined whether such miRNAs were related to the UM’s genetic status. The expression of 125 miRNAs was determined in 64 primary UM from Leiden. Similarly, the mRNA expression of HLA-A, HLA-B, TAP1, BAP1, and immune cell markers was obtained. Expression levels of 24 of the 125 miRNAs correlated with expression of at least three out of four HLA Class I probes. Four miRNAs showed a positive correlation with HLA expression and infiltration with leukocytes, 20 a negative pattern. In the first group, high miRNA levels correlated with chromosome 3 loss/reduced BAP1 mRNA expression, in the second group low miRNA levels. The positive associations between miRNA-22 and miRNA-155 with HLA Class I were confirmed in the TCGA study and Rotterdam cohort, and with TAP1 in the Rotterdam data set; the negative associations between miRNA-125b2 and miRNA-211 and HLA-A, TAP1, and CD4 were confirmed in the Rotterdam set. We demonstrate two patterns: miRNAs can either be related to a high or a low HLA Class I/TAP1 expression and the presence of infiltrating lymphocytes and macrophages. However, both patterns were associated with chromosome 3/BAP1 status, which suggests a role for BAP1 loss in the regulation of HLA expression and inflammation in UM through miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Souri
- Department of Ophthalmology, LUMC, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (Z.S.); (A.P.A.W.); (P.A.v.d.V.); (G.P.M.L.)
| | - Annemijn P. A. Wierenga
- Department of Ophthalmology, LUMC, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (Z.S.); (A.P.A.W.); (P.A.v.d.V.); (G.P.M.L.)
| | - Emine Kiliç
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Erwin Brosens
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Stefan Böhringer
- Department of Medical Statistics, LUMC, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Wilma G. M. Kroes
- Department of Clinical Genetics, LUMC, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Robert M. Verdijk
- Department of Pathology, LUMC, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands;
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter A. van der Velden
- Department of Ophthalmology, LUMC, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (Z.S.); (A.P.A.W.); (P.A.v.d.V.); (G.P.M.L.)
| | - Gregorius P. M. Luyten
- Department of Ophthalmology, LUMC, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (Z.S.); (A.P.A.W.); (P.A.v.d.V.); (G.P.M.L.)
| | - Martine J. Jager
- Department of Ophthalmology, LUMC, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (Z.S.); (A.P.A.W.); (P.A.v.d.V.); (G.P.M.L.)
- Correspondence:
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5
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Exosomes derived from miR-1228 overexpressing bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells promote growth of gastric cancer cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:11808-11821. [PMID: 33883305 PMCID: PMC8109060 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
There has been increasing evidence that microRNAs (miRNAs) are related to glioma progression, and that genetically engineered mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can inhibit the growth of gliomas. However, the underlying mechanism of bone marrow-MSCs (BM--MSCs) and miRs in gastric cancer still remains unclear. Patients with gastric cancer treated in Shijiazhuang First Hospital as well as healthy individuals undergoing physical examinations were recruited to measure the expression of exosomal miR-1228. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted and the patients were followed up. BM--MSCs from healthy subjects were collected and exosomes were extracted. The MSC cells were transfected with lentiviral vectors carrying miR-1228 and MMP-14 over-expression sequences and scramble sequence, followed by exosome extraction. The exosomes were co-cultured with SGC-7901 and MGC-823 cells to detect cell proliferation, invasion, apoptosis and migration. The correlation between miR-1228 and MMP-14 was determined by dual-luciferase reporter assay. miR-1228 was highly expressed in serum exosomes of patients with gastric cancer with a area under ROC curve (AUC) of 0.865. The exosomes derived from BM-MSCs are expected to be efficient nanocarriers. Up-regulation of miR-1228 can down-regulate the expression of MMP-14 and effectively hinders the development and progression of gastric cancer.
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6
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Zhang S, Amahong K, Sun X, Lian X, Liu J, Sun H, Lou Y, Zhu F, Qiu Y. The miRNA: a small but powerful RNA for COVID-19. Brief Bioinform 2021; 22:1137-1149. [PMID: 33675361 PMCID: PMC7989616 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbab062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a severe and rapidly evolving epidemic. Now, although a few drugs and vaccines have been proved for its treatment and prevention, little systematic comments are made to explain its susceptibility to humans. A few scattered studies used bioinformatics methods to explore the role of microRNA (miRNA) in COVID-19 infection. Combining these timely reports and previous studies about virus and miRNA, we comb through the available clues and seemingly make the perspective reasonable that the COVID-19 cleverly exploits the interplay between the small miRNA and other biomolecules to avoid being effectively recognized and attacked from host immune protection as well to deactivate functional genes that are crucial for immune system. In detail, SARS-CoV-2 can be regarded as a sponge to adsorb host immune-related miRNA, which forces host fall into dysfunction status of immune system. Besides, SARS-CoV-2 encodes its own miRNAs, which can enter host cell and are not perceived by the host's immune system, subsequently targeting host function genes to cause illnesses. Therefore, this article presents a reasonable viewpoint that the miRNA-based interplays between the host and SARS-CoV-2 may be the primary cause that SARS-CoV-2 accesses and attacks the host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Zhejiang University and the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China
| | | | - Xiuna Sun
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Zhejiang University, China
| | - Xichen Lian
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Zhejiang University, China
| | - Jin Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Zhejiang University, China
| | - Huaicheng Sun
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Zhejiang University, China
| | - Yan Lou
- Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Zhejiang University, China
| | - Yunqing Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China
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7
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Uretmen Kagiali ZC, Sanal E, Karayel Ö, Polat AN, Saatci Ö, Ersan PG, Trappe K, Renard BY, Önder TT, Tuncbag N, Şahin Ö, Ozlu N. Systems-level Analysis Reveals Multiple Modulators of Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition and Identifies DNAJB4 and CD81 as Novel Metastasis Inducers in Breast Cancer. Mol Cell Proteomics 2019; 18:1756-1771. [PMID: 31221721 PMCID: PMC6731077 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra119.001446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is driven by complex signaling events that induce dramatic biochemical and morphological changes whereby epithelial cells are converted into cancer cells. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we used mass spectrometry based quantitative proteomics approach to systematically analyze the post-translational biochemical changes that drive differentiation of human mammary epithelial (HMLE) cells into mesenchymal. We identified 314 proteins out of more than 6,000 unique proteins and 871 phosphopeptides out of more than 7,000 unique phosphopeptides as differentially regulated. We found that phosphoproteome is more unstable and prone to changes during EMT compared with the proteome and multiple alterations at proteome level are not thoroughly represented by transcriptional data highlighting the necessity of proteome level analysis. We discovered cell state specific signaling pathways, such as Hippo, sphingolipid signaling, and unfolded protein response (UPR) by modeling the networks of regulated proteins and potential kinase-substrate groups. We identified two novel factors for EMT whose expression increased on EMT induction: DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member B4 (DNAJB4) and cluster of differentiation 81 (CD81). Suppression of DNAJB4 or CD81 in mesenchymal breast cancer cells resulted in decreased cell migration in vitro and led to reduced primary tumor growth, extravasation, and lung metastasis in vivo Overall, we performed the global proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses of EMT, identified and validated new mRNA and/or protein level modulators of EMT. This work also provides a unique platform and resource for future studies focusing on metastasis and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erdem Sanal
- ‡Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özge Karayel
- ‡Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayse Nur Polat
- ‡Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özge Saatci
- §Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208
| | - Pelin Gülizar Ersan
- ¶Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kathrin Trappe
- ‖Bioinformatics Unit (MF1), Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernhard Y Renard
- ‖Bioinformatics Unit (MF1), Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tamer T Önder
- **Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), 34450 Istanbul, Turkey; ‡‡School of Medicine, Koç University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nurcan Tuncbag
- §§Graduate School of Informatics, Department of Health Informatics, METU, 06800 Ankara, Turkey; ¶¶Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory (CanSyL), METU, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özgür Şahin
- §Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208; ¶Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurhan Ozlu
- ‡Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey; **Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), 34450 Istanbul, Turkey.
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8
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Urinary miRNA-27b-3p and miRNA-1228-3p correlate with the progression of Kidney Fibrosis in Diabetic Nephropathy. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11357. [PMID: 31388051 PMCID: PMC6684817 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47778-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is a chronic complication of diabetes and the primary cause of end stage renal disease. Differential diagnosis for DN requires invasive histological investigation, thus there is need for non-invasive biomarkers to discriminate among different histological lesions in diabetic patients. With the aim to identify a pattern of differentially expressed miRNAs in kidney biopsies of DN patients, we assayed miRNA expression in kidney biopsies from DN patients, diabetic patients with membranous nephropathy and patients with normal histology. Nine miRNAs were differentially expressed among the three groups, and 2 miRNAs (miR-27b-3p and miR-1228-3p) showed interaction with an ubiquitin-conjugating E2 enzyme variant (UBE2v1). UBE2v1 mediates the formation of lysine 63-linked ubiquitin chains, a mechanism we previously showed as involved in DN kidney fibrosis. Both miRNAs were validated as down-regulated in biopsies and urines of DN patients, possibly affected by DNA methylation. Interestingly, the urinary levels of both miRNAs could also discriminate among different degrees of renal fibrosis. Finally, we showed that the combined urinary expression of both miRNAs was also able to discriminate DN patients from other glomerulonephritides in diabetic patients. In conclusion we identified two miRNAs potentially useful as candidate biomarkers of tubular-interstitial fibrosis in diabetic patients with DN.
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9
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Rafieenia F, Abbaszadegan MR, Poursheikhani A, Razavi SMS, Jebelli A, Molaei F, Aghaee‐Bakhtiari SH. In silico evidence of high frequency of miRNA‐related SNPs in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:966-978. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rafieenia
- Medical Genetics Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Student Research Committee Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Abbaszadegan
- Medical Genetics Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Immunology Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Arash Poursheikhani
- Medical Genetics Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | | | - Amir Jebelli
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Department Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Mashhad Branch Mashhad Iran
| | - Fatemeh Molaei
- Medical Genetics Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Seyed Hamid Aghaee‐Bakhtiari
- Bioinformatics Research Group Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
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10
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Pascut D, Krmac H, Gilardi F, Patti R, Calligaris R, Crocè LS, Tiribelli C. A comparative characterization of the circulating miRNome in whole blood and serum of HCC patients. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8265. [PMID: 31164669 PMCID: PMC6547851 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44580-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
miRNAs are considered promising non-invasive biomarkers. Serum represents the major source of biomarkers, being readily accessible for many analytical tests. Recently, whole blood has drawn increasing interest in biomarker studies due to the presence of cancer-interacting cells and circulating cancer cells. Although Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is the seventh most frequent cancer worldwide, fragmented information exists regarding the miRNome characterization in blood and serum. We profiled the circulatory miRNome of paired serum and blood samples from 20 HCC patients, identifying 274 miRNA expressed in serum and 670 in blood, most of them still uncharacterized. 157 miRNA significantly differ between the two biofluids with 28 exclusively expressed in serum. Six miRNA clusters significantly characterize the two compartments, with the cluster containing miR-4484, miR-1281, miR-3178, miR-3613-3p, miR-4532, miR-4668-5p, miR-1825, miR-4487, miR-455-3p, miR-940 having the highest average expression in serum compared to blood. The ontological analysis revealed a role of these miRNAs in cancer progression, vascular invasion and cancer immune surveillance thought the regulation of DUSP1, PD-L1 and MUC1. Taken together, these results provide the most comprehensive contribution to date towards a complete miRNome profile of blood and serum for HCC patients. We show a consistent portion of circulatory miRNAs being still unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devis Pascut
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato - ONLUS, Area Science Park, ss14, km163.5, 34149, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Helena Krmac
- Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati - via Bonomea, 265 - 34136, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesca Gilardi
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato - ONLUS, Area Science Park, ss14, km163.5, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Riccardo Patti
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,Clinica Patologie Fegato, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste (ASUITS), Via Giovanni Sai 7, Trieste, Italy
| | - Raffaella Calligaris
- Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati - via Bonomea, 265 - 34136, Trieste, Italy
| | - Lory Saveria Crocè
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato - ONLUS, Area Science Park, ss14, km163.5, 34149, Trieste, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,Clinica Patologie Fegato, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste (ASUITS), Via Giovanni Sai 7, Trieste, Italy
| | - Claudio Tiribelli
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato - ONLUS, Area Science Park, ss14, km163.5, 34149, Trieste, Italy
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11
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Ye D, Ma W, Xu J, Zhu G, Liu D, Liu C, Ding Y, Zhang Q. WTX inhibits gastric cancer migration through the reversal of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:4970-4976. [PMID: 30250562 PMCID: PMC6144879 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the expression of Wilms' tumor gene on X chromosome (WTX) affected the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and migration of gastric cancer cells. Stable WTX-overexpressing AGS cells (AGS.W) were established and analyzed by flow cytometry. The efficiency of the overexpression was verified by fluorescence microscopy, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. To analyze the expression of EMT-associated proteins, western blotting and immunofluorescence assays were performed. The migratory capability of the cells was detected by Transwell wound-healing assays, respectively. Compared with that of the control cells (AGS.veh), WTX expression was notably increased at mRNA (P<0.05) and protein levels (P<0.05) in the AGS.W gastric cancer cells. Morphological observations indicated that AGS.W cells transformed into spindle shapes, compared to AGS.veh cells, which maintained round or oval shapes. Furthermore, western blotting and immunofluorescence validated that the expression level of the epithelial marker epithelial-cadherin was significantly increased, whereas the expression levels of the mesenchymal markers neural-cadherin, β-catenin and vimentin were significantly decreased in the AGS.W cells compared with those in the AGS.veh cells. In addition, the overexpression of WTX decreased the migratory ability of AGS.W cells compared with AGS.veh cells. Exogenous expression of WTX inhibited gastric cancer cell migration by reversing EMT. The results of the present study describe a molecular feature that may be a promising target for future gastric cancer therapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danli Ye
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China.,Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China
| | - Wenxia Ma
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China.,Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China
| | - Jiahui Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China
| | - Guifang Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China.,Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China
| | - Deying Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital/First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China
| | - Chun Liu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital/First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yanqing Ding
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China.,Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China
| | - Qingling Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China.,Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China
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12
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Jia L, Chen J, Xie C, Shao L, Xu Z, Zhang L. microRNA-1228⁎ impairs the pro-angiogenic activity of gastric cancer cells by targeting macrophage migration inhibitory factor. Life Sci 2017; 180:9-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Martinez I, Hayes KE, Barr JA, Harold AD, Xie M, Bukhari SIA, Vasudevan S, Steitz JA, DiMaio D. An Exportin-1-dependent microRNA biogenesis pathway during human cell quiescence. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E4961-E4970. [PMID: 28584122 PMCID: PMC5488920 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1618732114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The reversible state of proliferative arrest known as "cellular quiescence" plays an important role in tissue homeostasis and stem cell biology. By analyzing the expression of miRNAs and miRNA-processing factors during quiescence in primary human fibroblasts, we identified a group of miRNAs that are induced during quiescence despite markedly reduced expression of Exportin-5, a protein required for canonical miRNA biogenesis. The biogenesis of these quiescence-induced miRNAs is independent of Exportin-5 and depends instead on Exportin-1. Moreover, these quiescence-induced primary miRNAs (pri-miRNAs) are modified with a 2,2,7-trimethylguanosine (TMG)-cap, which is known to bind Exportin-1, and knockdown of Exportin-1 or trimethylguanosine synthase 1, responsible for (TMG)-capping, inhibits their biogenesis. Surprisingly, in quiescent cells Exportin-1-dependent pri-miR-34a is present in the cytoplasm together with a small isoform of Drosha, implying the existence of a different miRNA processing pathway in these cells. Our findings suggest that during quiescence the canonical miRNA biogenesis pathway is down-regulated and specific miRNAs are generated by an alternative pathway to regulate genes involved in cellular growth arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Martinez
- Department of Microbiology, West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506;
| | - Karen E Hayes
- Department of Microbiology, West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506
| | - Jamie A Barr
- Department of Microbiology, West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506
| | - Abby D Harold
- Department of Microbiology, West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506
| | - Mingyi Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Syed I A Bukhari
- Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Shobha Vasudevan
- Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Joan A Steitz
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06536;
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06536
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Daniel DiMaio
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06536
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06520
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
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14
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Sokolova O, Naumann M. NF-κB Signaling in Gastric Cancer. Toxins (Basel) 2017; 9:toxins9040119. [PMID: 28350359 PMCID: PMC5408193 DOI: 10.3390/toxins9040119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Diet, obesity, smoking and chronic infections, especially with Helicobacter pylori, contribute to stomach cancer development. H. pylori possesses a variety of virulence factors including encoded factors from the cytotoxin-associated gene pathogenicity island (cagPAI) or vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA). Most of the cagPAI-encoded products form a type 4 secretion system (T4SS), a pilus-like macromolecular transporter, which translocates CagA into the cytoplasm of the host cell. Only H. pylori strains carrying the cagPAI induce the transcription factor NF-κB, but CagA and VacA are dispensable for direct NF-κB activation. NF-κB-driven gene products include cytokines/chemokines, growth factors, anti-apoptotic factors, angiogenesis regulators and metalloproteinases. Many of the genes transcribed by NF-κB promote gastric carcinogenesis. Since it has been shown that chemotherapy-caused cellular stress could elicit activation of the survival factor NF-κB, which leads to acquisition of chemoresistance, the NF-κB system is recommended for therapeutic targeting. Research is motivated for further search of predisposing conditions, diagnostic markers and efficient drugs to improve significantly the overall survival of patients. In this review, we provide an overview about mechanisms and consequences of NF-κB activation in gastric mucosa in order to understand the role of NF-κB in gastric carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Sokolova
- Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg 39120, Germany.
| | - Michael Naumann
- Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg 39120, Germany.
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15
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Li X, Ding Z, Zhang C, Zhang X, Meng Q, Wu S, Wang S, Yin L, Pu Y, Chen R. MicroRNA-1228(*) inhibit apoptosis in A549 cells exposed to fine particulate matter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:10103-10113. [PMID: 26867688 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6253-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Studies have reported associations between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and respiratory disorders; however, the underlying mechanism is not completely clear owing to the complex components of PM2.5. microRNAs (miRNAs) demonstrate tremendous regulation to target genes, which are sensitive to exogenous stimulation, and facilitate the integrative understood of biological responses. Here, significantly modulated miRNA were profiled by miRNA microarray, coupled with bioinformatic analysis; the potential biological function of modulated miRNA were predicted and subsequently validated by cell-based assays. Downregulation of miR-1228-5p (miR-1228(*)) expression in human A549 cells were associated with PM2.5-induced cellular apoptosis through a mitochondria-dependent pathway. Further, overexpression of miR-1228(*) rescued the cellular damages induced by PM2.5. Thus, our results demonstrate that PM2.5-induced A549 apoptosis is initiated by mitochondrial dysfunction and miR-1228(*) could protect A549 cells against apoptosis. The involved pathways and target genes might be used for future mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Dingjiaqiao 87, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhen Ding
- Department of Environmental Health and Endemic Disease Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Dingjiaqiao 87, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Dingjiaqiao 87, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qingtao Meng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Dingjiaqiao 87, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Shenshen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Dingjiaqiao 87, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Shizhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Dingjiaqiao 87, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lihong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Dingjiaqiao 87, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Dingjiaqiao 87, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Dingjiaqiao 87, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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16
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El-Guendy NM, Helwa R, El-Halawany MS, Abdel Rahman Ali S, Tantawy Aly M, Hasan Alieldin N, Fouad SAH, Saeid H, Abdel-Wahab AHA. The Liver MicroRNA Expression Profiles Associated With Chronic Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Genotype-4 Infection: A Preliminary Study. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2016; 16:e33881. [PMID: 27275163 PMCID: PMC4893413 DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.33881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been repeatedly shown to play important roles in liver pathologies, including hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Egypt has the highest hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection rate worldwide, predominantly involving genotype-4. OBJECTIVES In this study, we attempted to characterize the miRNA profile of the poorly studied genotype 4 of HCV in chronically infected Egyptian patients to obtain a better understanding of the disease and its complications and help in the design of better management protocols. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analyzed the expression levels of a selected panel of 94 miRNAs in fresh liver biopsies collected from 50 Egyptian patients diagnosed with chronic HCV infection using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Non-parametric tests were used to analyze the expression level of each miRNA and association with the clinicopathological features of enrolled patients in this study. RESULTS Our results revealed differential expression levels of the analyzed miRNAs compared to the normal controls. Twenty-seven miRNAs (including miR-105, miR-147, miR-149-3p, and miR-196b) showed up-regulation, while 17 miRNAs (including miR-21, miR-122, miR-199a-3p, and miR-223) showed down-regulation. An inverse correlation was observed between levels of miR-95, miR-130a, and miR-142-5p with the blood albumin level. Increased expression levels of seven miRNAs (miR-29c, miR-30c, miR-126, miR-145, miR-199a, miR-199a-3p, and miR-222) were observed with severe chronic hepatic inflammation. Several deregulated miRNAs found in this study have been previously linked to chronic liver inflammation and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. CONCLUSIONS The identified expression profiles of some examined miRNAs might offer important points to consider for the treatment of naive patients and the management of chronically infected HCV patients in Egypt and around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reham Helwa
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | | | - Nelly Hasan Alieldin
- Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Hany Saeid
- Department of General Surgery, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Hady Ali Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Corresponding Author: Abdel-Hady Ali Abdel-Wahab, PhD, Department of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, P. O. Box: 11796, Cairo, Egypt. Tel: +20-21005849055, Fax: +20-223644720, E-mail:
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17
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Sun GX, Su Y, Li Y, Zhang YF, Xu LC, Zu MH, Huang SP, Zhang JP, Lu ZJ. Circulating microRNA profile in patients with membranous obstruction of the inferior vena cava. Exp Ther Med 2016; 11:811-817. [PMID: 26997997 PMCID: PMC4774313 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.2981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Membranous obstruction of the inferior vena cava (MOVC) is a common type of Budd-Chiari syndrome. However, the pathogenesis of MOVC has not been fully elucidated. Recent studies demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are involved in multiple diseases. To the best of our knowledge, specific changes in the expression of miRNAs in MOVC patients have not been previously assessed. The present study used a microarray analysis, followed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) validation, with the aim to access the miRNA expression levels in the plasma of 34 MOVC patients, compared with those in healthy controls. The results revealed a total of 16 differentially expressed miRNAs in MOVC patients. Subsequently, RT-qPCR analysis verified the statistically consistent expression of 5 selected miRNAs (miR-125a-5p, miR-133b, miR-423-5p, miR-1228-5p and miR-1266), in line with the results of the microarray analysis. These 5 miRNAs, which were described as crucial regulators in numerous biological processes and vascular diseases, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of MOVC. Bioinformatics analysis of target genes of the differentially expressed miRNAs revealed that these predicted targets were significantly enriched and involved in several key signaling pathways important for MOVC, including the ErbB, Wnt, MAPK and VEGF signaling pathway. In conclusion, miRNAs may involve in multiple signaling pathways contributing to the pathological processes of MOVC. The present study offers an intriguing new perspective on the involvement of miRNAs in MOVC; however, the precise underlying mechanisms require further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Xiang Sun
- Department of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Yong Su
- Department of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Feng Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Li-Chun Xu
- Department of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Mao-Heng Zu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Shui-Ping Huang
- Department of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Peng Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Jun Lu
- Department of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
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18
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Huang L, Wu RL, Xu AM. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer. Am J Transl Res 2015; 7:2141-2158. [PMID: 26807164 PMCID: PMC4697696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide with poor prognosis for lack of early detection and effective treatment modalities. The significant influence of tumor microenvironment on malignant cells has been extensively investigated in this targeted-therapy era. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a highly conserved and fundamental process that is critical for embryogenesis and some other pathophysiological processes, especially tumor genesis and progression. Aberrant gastric EMT activation could endow gastric epithelial cells with increased mesenchymal characteristics and less epithelial features, and promote cancer cell stemness, initiation, invasion, metastasis, and chemo-resistance with cellular adhesion molecules especially E-cadherin concomitantly repressed, which allows tumor cells to disseminate and spread throughout the body. Some pathogens, stress, and hypoxia could induce and aggravate GC via EMT, which is significantly correlated with prognosis. GC EMT is modulated by diverse micro-environmental, membrane, and intracellular cues, and could be triggered by various overexpressed transcription factors, which are downstream of several vital cross-talking signaling pathways including TGF-β, Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, etc. microRNAs also contribute significantly to GC EMT modulation. There are currently some agents which could suppress GC EMT, shedding light on novel anti-malignancy strategies. Investigating potential mechanisms modulating GC cell EMT and discovering novel EMT regulators will further elucidate GC biology, and may provide new biomarkers for early GC detection and potentially efficient targets for preventative and curative anti-GC intervention approaches to prevent local and distant invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, China
- Research Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty of Mannheim, Heidelberg UniversityMannheim, Germany
| | - Ruo-Lin Wu
- Research Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty of Mannheim, Heidelberg UniversityMannheim, Germany
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, China
| | - A-Man Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, China
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19
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miRNA-mRNA Interaction Network in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Interdiscip Sci 2015; 8:209-19. [PMID: 26338522 DOI: 10.1007/s12539-015-0117-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 01/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules, about 20-25 nucleotides in length. They repress or degrade messenger RNA (mRNA) translation, which are involved in human cancer. In this study based on paired miRNA and mRNA expression profiles of non-small cell lung cancer samples, we constructed and analyzed miRNA-mRNA interaction network via several bioinformatics softwares and platforms. This integrative network is comprised of 249 nodes for mRNA, 90 nodes for miRNA and 290 edges that show regulations between target genes and miRNAs. The three miR-1207-5p, miR-1228* and miR-939 are the most connected miRNA that regulated a large number of genes. ST8SIA2, MED1 and HDAC4, SPN, which are targeted by multiple miRNAs and located in the center of the network, are involved in both lung cancer and nervous system via functional annotation analysis. Such a global interaction network of miRNA-mRNA in lung cancer will contribute to refining miRNA target predictions and developing novel therapeutic candidates.
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20
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Wan X, Ding X, Chen S, Song H, Jiang H, Fang Y, Li P, Guo J. The functional sites of miRNAs and lncRNAs in gastric carcinogenesis. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:521-32. [PMID: 25636450 PMCID: PMC4342515 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3136-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant diseases and has one of the highest mortality rates worldwide. Its molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Recently, the functions of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in gastric cancer have attracted wide attention. Although the expression levels of various ncRNAs are different, they may work together in a network and contribute to gastric carcinogenesis by altering the expression of oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. They affect the cell cycle, apoptosis, motility, invasion, and metastasis. Dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), including miR-21, miR-106, H19, and ANRIL, directly or indirectly regulate carcinogenic factors or signaling pathways such as PTEN, CDK, caspase, E-cadherin, Akt, and P53. Greater recognition of the roles of miRNAs and lncRNAs in gastric carcinogenesis can provide new insight into the mechanisms of tumor development and identify targets for anticancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxiang Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo First Hospital, No. 59 Liuting Street, Ningbo, 315010, China
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21
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Gao XH, Yang XQ, Wang BC, Liu SP, Wang FB. Overexpression of twist and matrix metalloproteinase-9 with metastasis and prognosis in gastric cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 14:5055-60. [PMID: 24175775 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.9.5055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Twist, a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, plays a key role in the metastatic progression of human cancer. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 is an endopeptidase that digests basement membrane type IV collagen, therefore being possibly related to tumor progression. It has been reported that Twist and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) are expressed in gastric cancers. However, the exact roles of Twist and MMP-9 in tumor metastasis and prognosis remain unclear. The aim of this study was to casts light on this question. METHODS Twist and MMP-9 expression in tissue sections of 37 gastric carcinomas was evaluated with immunohistochemistry. The staining results were compared with clinicopathologic features and to patients'outcome. RESULTS Twist positive expression was significantly increased in gastric cancer cases with lymph node metastasis (P=0.023). But no correlations were found between MMP-9 overexpression and clinicopathologic features, such as recurrence, TNM stage, and lymph node metastasis. Overall survival (OS) was significantly correlated with recurrence, serosa invasion, TNM stages, distant metastasis, and MMP-9 (P=0.027, 0.021, 0.000, 0.024 and 0.036, respectively). Disease-free survival (DFS) was prominently related to recurrence location, serosa invasion and TNM stages (P=0.000, 0.038 and 0.003, respectively). In the Cox regression multivariate analysis, TNM stage, distant metastasis and MMP-9 were significantly associated with prognosis of gastric cancer (P=0.002, 0.019, and 0.032, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This study showed Twist positive expression to be significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer. MMP-9 overexpression is associated with OS, suggesting that MMP-9 is a prognostic indicator for survival in patients with gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Hui Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China E-mail :
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22
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miR-1228 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of hepatoma cells through a p53 forward feedback loop. Br J Cancer 2014; 112:365-74. [PMID: 25422913 PMCID: PMC4453453 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The effective mechanisms of microRNAs (miRNAs) functions as oncogenes or tumour suppressors in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are still obscure. Here, we investigated the function and expression of miR-1228 in HCC. Methods: The role of miR-1228 in HCC was determined by colony formation, transwell, and nude mice xenograft experiments. miR-1228 target gene were identified by EGFP reporter assays, real-time PCR, and western blot analysis. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and real-time PCR analysis are used to examine the regulation of p53. Results: miR-1228 promoted proliferation and metastasis, and facilitated the transition of cell cycle in hepatoma cells. miR-1228 downregulated p53 expression by binding to its 3′UTR. The ectopic expression of p53 abrogated the phenotypes induced by miR-1228. An inverse correlation existed between miR-1228 and p53 expression in hepatoma tissues compared with the adjacent tissues and three hepatoma cell lines. Moreover, we found that p53 suppressed the expression and promoter activity of miR-1228. Conclusions: miR-1228 functions as an oncogene by promoting cell cycle progression and cell mobility and negatively regulates the expression of p53. p53 downregulation in turn leads to an increase in miR-1228 expression, thereby forming a positive feedback loop that contributes to cancerogenesis in HCC.
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23
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Venturelli S, Sinnberg TW, Berger A, Noor S, Levesque MP, Böcker A, Niessner H, Lauer UM, Bitzer M, Garbe C, Busch C. Epigenetic impacts of ascorbate on human metastatic melanoma cells. Front Oncol 2014; 4:227. [PMID: 25202679 PMCID: PMC4142417 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, increasing evidence has emerged demonstrating that high-dose ascorbate bears cytotoxic effects on cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, making ascorbate a pro-oxidative drug that catalyzes hydrogen peroxide production in tissues instead of acting as a radical scavenger. This anticancer effect of ascorbate is hypoxia-inducible factor-1α- and O2-dependent. However, whether the intracellular mechanisms governing this effect are modulated by epigenetic phenomena remains unknown. We treated human melanoma cells with physiological (200 μM) or pharmacological (8 mM) ascorbate for 1 h to record the impact on DNA methyltransferase (DNMT)-activity, histone deacetylases (HDACs), and microRNA (miRNA) expression after 12 h. The results were analyzed with the MIRUMIR online tool that estimates the power of miRNA to serve as potential biomarkers to predict survival of cancer patients. FACS cell-cycle analyses showed that 8 mM ascorbate shifted BLM melanoma cells toward the sub-G1 fraction starting at 12 h after an initial primary G2/M arrest, indicative for secondary apoptosis induction. In pharmacological doses, ascorbate inhibited the DNMT activity in nuclear extracts of MeWo and BLM melanoma cells, but did not inhibit human HDAC enzymes of classes I, II, and IV. The expression of 151 miRNAs was altered 12 h after ascorbate treatment of BLM cells in physiological or pharmacological doses. Pharmacological doses up-regulated 32 miRNAs (≥4-fold) mainly involved in tumor suppression and drug resistance in our preliminary miRNA screening array. The most prominently up-regulated miRNAs correlated with a significantly increased overall survival of breast cancer or nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients of the MIRUMIR database with high expression of the respective miRNA. Our results suggest a possible epigenetic signature of pharmacological doses of ascorbate in human melanoma cells and support further pre-clinical and possibly even clinical evaluation of ascorbate for melanoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Venturelli
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University Hospital , Tuebingen , Germany
| | - Tobias W Sinnberg
- Division of Dermatologic Oncology, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Tuebingen , Tuebingen , Germany
| | - Alexander Berger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University Hospital , Tuebingen , Germany
| | - Seema Noor
- Division of Dermatologic Oncology, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Tuebingen , Tuebingen , Germany
| | | | | | - Heike Niessner
- Division of Dermatologic Oncology, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Tuebingen , Tuebingen , Germany
| | - Ulrich M Lauer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University Hospital , Tuebingen , Germany
| | - Michael Bitzer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University Hospital , Tuebingen , Germany
| | - Claus Garbe
- Division of Dermatologic Oncology, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Tuebingen , Tuebingen , Germany
| | - Christian Busch
- Division of Dermatologic Oncology, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Tuebingen , Tuebingen , Germany
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Shin JY, Kim YI, Cho SJ, Lee MK, Kook MC, Lee JH, Lee SS, Ashktorab H, Smoot DT, Ryu KW, Kim YW, Choi IJ. MicroRNA 135a suppresses lymph node metastasis through down-regulation of ROCK1 in early gastric cancer. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85205. [PMID: 24465504 PMCID: PMC3897422 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in gastric cancer progression and metastasis. This study investigated the role of miRNA-135a in early gastric cancer (EGC) including lymph node (LN) metastasis. We examined the correlation between miRNA-135a expression and clinical outcomes in 59 patients who underwent surgery for EGC. Using gastric cancer cell lines, we performed functional and target gene analyses. miRNA-135a expression was down-regulated in 33.9% of patients. These patients showed a significantly more advanced stage (TNM stage≥IB, 35.0% vs. 12.8%, p = 0.045) and higher rate of LN metastasis (30.0% vs. 5.1%, p = 0.014) than those with up-regulation of miRNA-135a expression. In a multivariate analysis, down-regulation of miRNA-135a was an independent risk factor for LN metastasis (adjusted odds ratio, 8.04; 95% confidence interval, 1.08–59.81; p = 0.042). Functional analyses using gastric cancer cell lines showed that miRNA-135a suppressed cell viability, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cell invasion, and migration. ROCK1 was a target of miRNA-135a and its expression was inversely correlated to that of miRNA-135a. ROCK1 expression was significantly increased in EGC patients with LN metastasis than in those without LN metastasis. Our results confirm the tumor-suppressive role of miRNA-135a, and demonstrate its role in LN metastasis in EGC. miRNA-135a and its target gene ROCK1 may be novel therapeutic and prognostic targets for EGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Young Shin
- Center for Gastric Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
- Department of life Science and Biotechnology, Paichai University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young-Il Kim
- Center for Gastric Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Soo-Jeong Cho
- Center for Gastric Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
- * E-mail:
| | - Mi Kyung Lee
- Center for Gastric Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | | | - Jun Ho Lee
- Center for Gastric Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Sang Soo Lee
- Department of life Science and Biotechnology, Paichai University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hassan Ashktorab
- Departments of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America
| | - Duane T. Smoot
- Departments of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America
| | - Keun Won Ryu
- Center for Gastric Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Young-Woo Kim
- Center for Gastric Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Il Ju Choi
- Center for Gastric Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
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