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Retraction: MicroRNA-219-2-3p Functions as a Tumor Suppressor in Gastric Cancer and Is Regulated by DNA Methylation. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282980. [PMID: 36989265 PMCID: PMC10057795 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
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2
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Retraction: MicroRNA-137 Contributes to Dampened Tumorigenesis in Human Gastric Cancer by Targeting AKT2. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282977. [PMID: 36989267 PMCID: PMC10057749 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
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3
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Konishi H, Sato H, Takahashi K, Fujiya M. Tumor-Progressive Mechanisms Mediating miRNA-Protein Interaction. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212303. [PMID: 34830186 PMCID: PMC8622902 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded short-chain RNAs that are endogenously expressed in vertebrates; they are considered the fine-tuners of cellular protein expression that act by modifying mRNA translation. miRNAs control tissue development and differentiation, cell growth, and apoptosis in cancer and non-cancer cells. Aberrant regulation of miRNAs is involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases including cancer. Numerous investigations have shown that the changes in cellular miRNA expression in cancerous tissues and extracellular miRNAs enclosed in exosomes are correlated with cancer prognosis. Therefore, miRNAs can be used as cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer in clinical applications. In the previous decade, miRNAs have been shown to regulate cellular functions by directly binding to proteins and mRNAs, thereby controlling cancer progression. This regulatory system implies that cancer-associated miRNAs can be applied as molecular-targeted therapy. This review discusses the roles of miRNA-protein systems in cancer progression and its future applications in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Konishi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Advanced Medical Sciences, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-166-68-2462
| | - Hiroki Sato
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan; (H.S.); (K.T.)
| | - Kenji Takahashi
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan; (H.S.); (K.T.)
| | - Mikihiro Fujiya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Advanced Medical Sciences, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan;
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan; (H.S.); (K.T.)
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4
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microRNA arm-imbalance in part from complementary targets mediated decay promotes gastric cancer progression. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4397. [PMID: 31562301 PMCID: PMC6764945 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12292-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Strand-selection is the final step of microRNA biogenesis in which functional mature miRNAs are generated from one or both arms of precursor. The preference of strand-selection is diverse during development and tissue formation, however, its pathological effect is still unknown. Here we find that two miRNA arms from the same precursor, miR-574-5p and miR-574-3p, are inversely expressed and play exactly opposite roles in gastric cancer progression. Higher-5p with lower-3p expression pattern is significantly correlated with higher TNM stages and poor prognosis of gastric cancer patients. The increase of miR-574-5p/-3p ratio, named miR-574 arm-imbalance is partially due to the dynamic expression of their highly complementary targets in gastric carcinogenesis, moreover, the arm-imbalance of miR-574 is in turn involved and further promotes gastric cancer progression. Our results indicate that miR-574 arm-imbalance contribute to gastric cancer progression and re-modification of the miR-574-targets homeostasis may represent a promising strategy for gastric cancer therapy. Functional miRNAs derived from the 5p or 3p arm of some miRNA duplexes have opposite roles in cancer progression. Here, the authors show that oncogenic miR-574-5p has greater preference in aggressive gastric cancer as compared with miR-574-3p and this arm preference is partly dependent on complementary targets mediated miRNA decay.
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Yao S, Li C, Budenski AM, Li P, Ramos A, Guo S. Expression of microRNAs targeting heat shock protein B8 during in vitro expansion of dental pulp stem cells in regulating osteogenic differentiation. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 107:104485. [PMID: 31376703 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.104485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objectives of this study were (a) to determine the differentially expressed microRNAs that can target heat shock protein B8 (HspB8) during in vitro expansion of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs); (b) to identify microRNAs involved in posttranscriptional regulation of HspB8 expression; and (c) to determine if HspB8-targeting microRNAs play roles on osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs. DESIGN DPSCs were established from rat first molars and expanded in vitro until the passage that cells lost osteogenic potential. TargetScan was used to predict the microRNAs that target HspB8 mRNA. Stem-loop quantitative RT-PCR was conducted to identify the HspB8-targeting microRNAs that were upregulated in late passages. The microRNAs mimics were transfected into DPSCs to assess their effects on HspB8 expression and on osteogenic differentiation. RESULTS let-7b-5p, miR-98-5p, miR-215, miR-219a-1-3p and miR-295-5p were found to consistently increase expression in DPSCs after expansion. HspB8 mRNA and/or protein were significantly decreased in the DPSCs after transfection of miR-215 and miR-219a-1-3p mimics; whereas no significant reduction was seen after transfecting let-7b-5p, miR-98-5p and miR-295-5p mimics. When subjecting the transfected DPSCs to osteogenic induction, reduction of calcium deposition or osteogenic marker expression were observed with miR-215, miR-219a-1-3p and miR-295-5p transfection. CONCLUSIONS Increased expression of miR-215 and miR-219a-1-3p downregulates HspB8 expression, which contributes to the reduction of osteogenic capability of DPSCs. Increased expression of miR295-5p also causes a reduction of osteogenic differentiation, but not involved in HspB8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaomian Yao
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
| | - Chunhong Li
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
| | - Angelle M Budenski
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
| | - Patricia Li
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
| | - Alexandra Ramos
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
| | - Steven Guo
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
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6
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Hoyeck MP, Hadj-Moussa H, Storey KB. Estivation-responsive microRNAs in a hypometabolic terrestrial snail. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6515. [PMID: 30809463 PMCID: PMC6387573 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
When faced with extreme environmental conditions, the milk snail (Otala lactea) enters a state of dormancy known as estivation. This is characterized by a strong reduction in metabolic rate to <30% of normal resting rate that is facilitated by various behavioural, physiological, and molecular mechanisms. Herein, we investigated the regulation of microRNA in the induction of estivation. Changes in the expression levels of 75 highly conserved microRNAs were analysed in snail foot muscle, of which 26 were significantly upregulated during estivation compared with controls. These estivation-responsive microRNAs were linked to cell functions that are crucial for long-term survival in a hypometabolic state including anti-apoptosis, cell-cycle arrest, and maintenance of muscle functionality. Several of the microRNA responses by snail foot muscle also characterize hypometabolism in other species and support the existence of a conserved suite of miRNA responses that regulate environmental stress responsive metabolic rate depression across phylogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam P Hoyeck
- Institute of Biochemistry, Departments of Biology and Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hanane Hadj-Moussa
- Institute of Biochemistry, Departments of Biology and Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kenneth B Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry, Departments of Biology and Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Sethi S, Sethi S, Bluth MH. Clinical Implication of MicroRNAs in Molecular Pathology: An Update for 2018. Clin Lab Med 2019; 38:237-251. [PMID: 29776629 DOI: 10.1016/j.cll.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are poised to provide diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets for several diseases including malignancies for precision medicine applications. The miRNAs have immense potential in the clinical arena because they can be detected in the blood, serum, tissues (fresh and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded), and fine-needle aspirate specimens. The most attractive feature of miRNA-based therapy is that a single miRNA could be useful for targeting multiple genes that are deregulated in cancers, which can be further investigated through systems biology and network analysis that may provide cancer-specific personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Sethi
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan and VA Hospital, E300, 2215 Fuller Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA.
| | - Sajiv Sethi
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Boulevard, MDC 82, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Martin H Bluth
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, 540 East Canfield Street, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Pathology Laboratories, Michigan Surgical Hospital, 21230 Dequindre Road, Warren, MI 48091, USA
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Ma L, Ma J, Ou HL. MicroRNA‑219 overexpression serves a protective role during liver fibrosis by targeting tumor growth factor β receptor 2. Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:1543-1550. [PMID: 30592264 PMCID: PMC6390038 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive liver fibrosis is the primary cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, and leads to considerable morbidity and mortality. Recent studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are associated with fibrotic processes in liver disorders, although the exact role of miR-219 remains unclear and the relevant mechanisms remain to be completely understood. To the best of our knowledge, the present study was the first to demonstrate the functional implications of miR-219 expression during liver fibrosis. The present study reported that miR-219 exhibited significantly reduced expression in serum from patients and that its expression was negatively associated with clinical stage. It was also demonstrated that miR-219 attenuated angiotensin II-induced expression of pro-fibrotic markers, including α-smooth muscle actin, atlastin GTPase 1 and collagen. Additionally, a CCl4-induced mouse liver injury model was used to demonstrate that miR-219 strongly suppressed liver fibrosis in vivo. Furthermore, the present study identified tumor growth factor β receptor 2 (TGFBR2) as a direct target gene of miR-219. In conclusion, the results of the present study revealed that miR-219 may regulate pro-fibrotic markers by directly targeting the TGFBR2 gene and the miR-219/TGFBR2 signaling pathway may be a potential therapeutic target for liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- Department of Liver Diseases, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Jian Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The People's Hospital of Fenghua District, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315500, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Liang Ou
- Department of Liver Diseases, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
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9
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Yang Y, Li Y, Zhao Z, Sun R, Jiang Q, Zhao L, Wang L, Liu Y, Wu F, Shi X, Huang C, Shao Y. DNA methylation contributes to silencing the expression of linc00086 in gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:1931-1936. [PMID: 30008886 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous evidence has revealed that long non-coding RNAs serve important functions in numerous types of cancer when dysregulated, including in gastric cancer (GC). In the present study, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis was used to detect the expression of small integral membrane protein 10 like 2A (linc00086) in GC tissues and non-cancerous tissues, and the expression of linc00086 in GC cell lines was analyzed. A RT-qPCR assay was used to assess linc00086 expression levels in GC cell lines following treatment with 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC), which is a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor. Small interfering RNA was used to silence the expression of methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2), and then the expression of linc00086 was detected. Linc00086 expression was revealed to be downregulated in GC tissues and GC cell lines. Furthermore, it was revealed that 5-aza-dC induced linc00086 expression in SGC-7901 and MKN45 cells, and analysis of CpG methylation by bisulfite sequencing-polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that DNA methylation may regulate the expression of linc00086. MeCP2 is involved in gene regulation by binding to methylated promoters, and it was revealed that the knockdown of the expression of MeCP2 resulted in a higher expression of linc00086. The present study revealed that DNA methylation regulate the expression of linc00086 in human GC cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yulong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Zhenghao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Ruifang Sun
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Qiuyu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Lingyu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Lumin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yingxun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Fei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xingmin Shi
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Chen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Shao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medicine College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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10
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Matsui D, Zaidi AH, Martin SA, Omstead AN, Kosovec JE, Huleihel L, Saldin LT, DiCarlo C, Silverman JF, Hoppo T, Finley GG, Badylak SF, Kelly RJ, Jobe BA. Primary tumor microRNA signature predicts recurrence and survival in patients with locally advanced esophageal adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:81281-81291. [PMID: 27793030 PMCID: PMC5348392 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is an aggressive cancer necessitating the development of improved risk stratification tools for personalized care. Previously, microRNAs have been shown to correlate with the progression and prognosis of various cancer types; however, the value in EAC remains largely unexplored. We performed global microRNA profiling on 32 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded EAC specimens to identify microRNAs associated with progression. Literature search and pathway analysis further refined output to five significantly deregulated candidate biomarkers. Four of the five microRNAs (miR-652-5p, miR-7-2-3p, miR-3925-3p, and miR-219-3p) were validated by qRT-PCR. Survival outcomes were evaluated in testing set of 26 stage II/III EAC patients to determine the prognostic relevance of the selected microRNAs. In the testing set, miR-652-5p and miR-7-2-3p expressions were significantly associated with progression-free survival (p-value = .00771 and p-value = .00293). The highest area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.8212 for the combination of miR-652-5p and miR-7-2-3p. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that the miR-652-5p/miR-7-2-3p signature may serve as a promising prognostic marker in patients with locally advanced EAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Matsui
- Esophageal and Lung Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ali H Zaidi
- Esophageal and Lung Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Samantha A Martin
- Esophageal and Lung Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ashten N Omstead
- Esophageal and Lung Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Juliann E Kosovec
- Esophageal and Lung Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Luai Huleihel
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lindsey T Saldin
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Christina DiCarlo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jan F Silverman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Toshitaka Hoppo
- Esophageal and Lung Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Gene G Finley
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Stephen F Badylak
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ronan J Kelly
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Blair A Jobe
- Esophageal and Lung Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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11
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Lu CY, Chen SY, Peng HL, Kan PY, Chang WC, Yen CJ. Cell-free methylation markers with diagnostic and prognostic potential in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:6406-6418. [PMID: 28031532 PMCID: PMC5351641 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly malignant tumor with poor prognosis and high mortality. There is a dearth of effective early diagnostic tools, so liver resection surgery and liver transplantation are the only effective medical treatments. The most commonly used marker for HCC detection is serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP), which has low sensitivity and specificity. Because aberrant DNA methylation of genes and miRNAs occurs early in most cancers, we explored whether circulating methylation markers could be promising clinical tools for HCC diagnosis. Using a whole-genome approach, we identified many hyper-methylated miRNAs in HCC. Furthermore, three abnormally methylated genes and one miRNA were combined to establish a methylation predictive model and tested for its diagnostic and prognostic potential in HCC. Using plasma samples, the predictive model exhibited high sensitivity and specificity (> 80%) for HBV-related HCC. Most importantly, nearly 75% of patients who could not be diagnosed with AFP at 20 ng/mL were detected by this model. Further, the predictive model exhibited an exceedingly high ability to predict 5-year overall survival in HCC patients. These data demonstrate the high diagnostic and prognostic potential of methylation markers in the plasma of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Yi Lu
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Labs, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ya Chen
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Labs, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Peng
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Labs, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Pu-Yeh Kan
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Labs, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chi Chang
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Labs, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jui Yen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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12
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Epigenetics and MicroRNAs in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020459. [PMID: 29401683 PMCID: PMC5855681 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to reprogram the transcriptional circuitry by remodeling the three-dimensional structure of the genome is exploited by cancer cells to promote tumorigenesis. This reprogramming occurs because of hereditable chromatin chemical modifications and the consequent formation of RNA-protein-DNA complexes that represent the principal actors of the epigenetic phenomena. In this regard, the deregulation of a transcribed non-coding RNA may be both cause and consequence of a cancer-related epigenetic alteration. This review summarizes recent findings that implicate microRNAs in the aberrant epigenetic regulation of cancer cells.
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13
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Aoki H, Yamamoto E, Takasawa A, Niinuma T, Yamano HO, Harada T, Matsushita HO, Yoshikawa K, Takagi R, Harada E, Tanaka Y, Yoshida Y, Aoyama T, Eizuka M, Yorozu A, Kitajima H, Kai M, Sawada N, Sugai T, Nakase H, Suzuki H. Epigenetic silencing of SMOC1 in traditional serrated adenoma and colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 9:4707-4721. [PMID: 29435136 PMCID: PMC5797007 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal sessile serrated adenoma/polyps (SSA/Ps) are well-known precursors of colorectal cancer (CRC) characterized by BRAF mutation and microsatellite instability. By contrast, the molecular characteristics of traditional serrated adenoma (TSAs) are not fully understood. We analyzed genome-wide DNA methylation in TSAs having both protruding and flat components. We identified 11 genes, including SMOC1, methylation of which progressively increased during the development of TSAs. SMOC1 was prevalently methylated in TSAs, but was rarely methylated in SSA/Ps (p < 0.001). RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry revealed that SMOC1 was expressed in normal colon and SSA/Ps, but its expression was decreased in TSAs. Ectopic expression of SMOC1 suppressed proliferation, colony formation and in vivo tumor formation by CRC cells. Analysis of colorectal lesions (n = 847) revealed that SMOC1 is frequently methylated in TSAs, high-grade adenomas and CRCs. Among these, SMOC1 methylation was strongly associated with KRAS mutation and CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP)-low. These results demonstrate that epigenetic silencing of SMOC1 is associated with TSA development but is rarely observed in SSA/Ps. SMOC1 expression could thus be a diagnostic marker of serrated lesions, and SMOC1 methylation could play a role in neoplastic pathways in TSAs and conventional adenomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Aoki
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akira Takasawa
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Niinuma
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiro-O Yamano
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Taku Harada
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiro-O Matsushita
- Department of Digestive Disease Center, Akita Red Cross Hospital, Akita, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Yoshikawa
- Department of Digestive Disease Center, Akita Red Cross Hospital, Akita, Japan
| | - Ryo Takagi
- Department of Digestive Disease Center, Akita Red Cross Hospital, Akita, Japan
| | - Eiji Harada
- Department of Digestive Disease Center, Akita Red Cross Hospital, Akita, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Tanaka
- Department of Digestive Disease Center, Akita Red Cross Hospital, Akita, Japan
| | - Yuko Yoshida
- Department of Digestive Disease Center, Akita Red Cross Hospital, Akita, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Aoyama
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Makoto Eizuka
- Department of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Akira Yorozu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitajima
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kai
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Norimasa Sawada
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Sugai
- Department of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakase
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiromu Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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14
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Jiang B, Li M, Ji F, Nie Y. MicroRNA-219 exerts a tumor suppressive role in glioma via targeting Sal-like protein 4. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:6213-6221. [PMID: 29285179 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) serve important roles in the development and progression of various human cancer types, including glioma. Recently, miR-219 has been suggested to function as a tumor suppressor in glioma; however, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the regulatory mechanism of miR-219 in the malignant phenotypes of glioma cells. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blotting were conducted to examine the mRNA and protein expression. An MTT assay, wound healing assay and Transwell assay were used to study cell proliferation, migration and invasion. The qPCR data indicated that the expression of miR-219 was significantly decreased in glioma tissues compared with normal brain tissues. In addition, a low expression of miR-219 was identified to be associated with an advanced pathological grade. In vitro experiments demonstrated that miR-219 was also downregulated in several common glioma cell lines, including A172, U87, U251 and U373, when compared with that in normal astrocytes. Ectopic expression of miR-219 caused a significant decrease in U87 cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Luciferase reporter assay data indicated that Sal-like protein 4 (SALL4) was a direct target gene of miR-219, while the protein expression of SALL4 was negatively regulated by miR-219 in U87 cells. Furthermore, SALL4 was significantly upregulated in glioma tissues and cell lines, and upregulation of SALL4 was associated with a higher pathological grade. Furthermore, overexpression of SALL4 significantly attenuated the suppressive effects of miR-219 on U87 cell proliferation, migration and invasion, suggesting that miR-219 serves a suppressive role in glioma growth and metastasis via targeting SALL4. Therefore, the present study highlighted the clinical significance of the miR-219/SALL4 axis in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Botao Jiang
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan 430100, P.R. China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Nephrology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Fang Ji
- Teaching and Research Office of Medical Imaging, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Yaxiong Nie
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanhua University, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
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15
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Abstract
The discovery of the microRNAs, lin-4 and let-7 as critical mediators of normal development in Caenorhabditis elegans and their conservation throughout evolution has spearheaded research toward identifying novel roles of microRNAs in other cellular processes. To accurately elucidate these fundamental functions, especially in the context of an intact organism, various microRNA transgenic models have been generated and evaluated. Transgenic C. elegans (worms), Drosophila melanogaster (flies), Danio rerio (zebrafish), and Mus musculus (mouse) have contributed immensely toward uncovering the roles of multiple microRNAs in cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, pathways that are severely altered in human diseases such as cancer. The simple model organisms, C. elegans, D. melanogaster, and D. rerio, do not develop cancers but have proved to be convenient systesm in microRNA research, especially in characterizing the microRNA biogenesis machinery which is often dysregulated during human tumorigenesis. The microRNA-dependent events delineated via these simple in vivo systems have been further verified in vitro, and in more complex models of cancers, such as M. musculus. The focus of this review is to provide an overview of the important contributions made in the microRNA field using model organisms. The simple model systems provided the basis for the importance of microRNAs in normal cellular physiology, while the more complex animal systems provided evidence for the role of microRNAs dysregulation in cancers. Highlights include an overview of the various strategies used to generate transgenic organisms and a review of the use of transgenic mice for evaluating preclinical efficacy of microRNA-based cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita S Pal
- PULSe Graduate Program, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Andrea L Kasinski
- Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.
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16
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Liu J, Li Y, Zou Y, Zhang J, An J, Guo J, Ma M, Dai D. MicroRNA-497 acts as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer and is downregulated by DNA methylation. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:497-505. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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17
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Wang W, Zhang Y, Zhu B, Duan T, Xu Q, Wang R, Lu L, Jiao Z. Plasma microRNA expression profiles in Chinese patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Oncotarget 2016; 6:42557-68. [PMID: 26637811 PMCID: PMC4767452 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The outstanding characteristics of circulatory microRNAs (miRNAs) attract much attention in research on disease biomarkers and disease pathogenesis. This study aimed to identify the expression profiles of plasma miRNAs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Thirty-three miRNAs were screened using an miRNA array, of which 9 miRNAs were validated as differentially expressed in the plasma of RA patients compared with healthy controls (HCs). miRNA-4634 (miR-4634), miR-181d and miR-4764-5p expression levels were increased, whereas miR-342-3p, miR-3926, miR-3925-3p, miR-122-3p, miR-9-5p and miR-219-2-3p expression levels were decreased in RA patients. The areas under the curve (AUCs) were generated to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of each miRNA or the panel of all 9 miRNAs as biomarkers for RA. AUCs for 9 individual miRNAs ranged from 0.6254 to 0.818; however, the AUC for the panel of 9 miRNAs reached 0.964. Levels of miR-122-3p, miR-3925-3p, miR-342-3p and miR-4764-5p expression showed significant differences between RA and other control groups. miR-4764-5p, miR-4634, miR-9-5p and miR-219-2-3p exhibited significant correlations with either plasma cytokine and chemokine levels or clinical features. In conclusion, this study identified 9-plasma miRNAs signature in Chinese patients with RA which may serve as noninvasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhong Wang
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Tanghai Duan
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Qiugui Xu
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Liwei Lu
- Department of Pathology and Center of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhijun Jiao
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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18
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Biersack B. Non-coding RNA/microRNA-modulatory dietary factors and natural products for improved cancer therapy and prevention: Alkaloids, organosulfur compounds, aliphatic carboxylic acids and water-soluble vitamins. Noncoding RNA Res 2016; 1:51-63. [PMID: 30159411 PMCID: PMC6096427 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding small RNA molecules, the microRNAs (miRNAs), contribute decisively to the epigenetic regulation processes in cancer cells. Problematic pathogenic properties of cancer cells and the response of cancers towards anticancer drugs are highly influenced by miRNAs. Both increased drug activity and formation of tumor resistance are regulated by miRNAs. Further to this, the survival and proliferation of cancer cells and the formation of metastases is based on the modulated expression of certain miRNAs. In particular, drug-resistant cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) depend on the presence and absence of specific miRNAs. Fortunately, several small molecule natural compounds were discovered that target miRNAs involved in the modulation of tumor aggressiveness and drug resistance. This review gives an overview of the effects of a selection of naturally occurring small molecules (alkaloids, organosulfur compounds, aliphatic carboxylic acids and water-soluble vitamins) on miRNAs that are closely tangled with cancer diseases.
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Key Words
- AM, allyl mercaptan
- AOM, azoxymethane
- Aliphatic carboxylic acids
- Alkaloids
- Anticancer drugs
- CPT, camptothecin
- DADS, diallyl disulfide
- DHA, docosahexaenoic acid
- DIM, 3,3′-diindolylmethane
- EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid
- FA, folic acid
- GTC, green tea catechins
- I3C, indole-3-carbinol
- MiRNA
- NaB, sodium butyrate
- Organosulfur compounds
- PEITC, phenethylisothiocyanate
- PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid
- SAMC, S-allylmercaptocysteine
- SFN, sulforaphane
- TSA, trichostatin A
- Water-soluble vitamins
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19
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Yin Z, Cui Z, Li H, Ren Y, Qian B, Rothman N, Lan Q, Zhou B. Polymorphisms in miR-135a-2, miR-219-2 and miR-211 as well as their interaction with cooking oil fume exposure on the risk of lung cancer in Chinese nonsmoking females: a case-control study. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:751. [PMID: 27663200 PMCID: PMC5035461 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2784-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The associations between microRNAs and lung cancer have received increasing attention. This study assess the association between polymorphisms in miR-135a-2, miR-219-2 and miR-211 genes and the risk of lung cancer, as well as the gene–environment interaction between these polymorphisms and cooking oil fume exposure. Methods A case–control study featuring 268 cases and 266 controls was conducted. The associations of miR-135a-2 rs10459194, miR-219-2 rs10988341 and miR-211 rs1514035 polymorphisms with the risk of lung cancer were analyzed. The gene–environment interactions were also reported on both additive and multiplicative scales. Results There were no statistically significant associations between the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and lung cancer or lung adenocarcinoma. The individuals with both a risk genotype of miRNA SNPs and exposure to a risk factor (cooking oil fumes) were at higher risk of lung cancer than those with only one of these two risk factors (odd ratios of 2.208, 1.285 and 1.813 for miR-135a-2 rs10459194; 2.164, 1.209 and 1.806 for miR-219-2 rs10988341; and 2.122, 1.146 and 1.725 for miR-211 rs1514035, respectively). However, the measures of biological interaction indicate that there was no such interaction between the three SNPs and exposure to cooking oil fumes on an additive scale. Logistic regression models also suggested that the gene–environment interactions were not statistically significant on a multiplicative scale. Conclusions There were no significant associations between the polymorphisms in miRNAs (miR-26a-1 rs7372209, miR-605 rs2043556 and miR-16-1 rs1022960) and the risk of lung cancer in the Chinese nonsmoking female population. The interactions between these polymorphisms in miRNAs and cooking oil fume exposure were also not statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Yin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Zhigang Cui
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Yangwu Ren
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Biyun Qian
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Baosen Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, China. .,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, China.
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20
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Liu J, Zhang J, Li Y, Wang L, Sui B, Dai D. MiR-455-5p acts as a novel tumor suppressor in gastric cancer by down-regulating RAB18. Gene 2016; 592:308-15. [PMID: 27451075 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Revised: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM To detect the potential regulation pathway of microRNA-455-5p (miR-455-5p) and RAB18, member RAS oncogene family (RAB18) in gastric cancer (GC) cells and tissues and discuss the clinical significance of miR-455-5p in GC genesis and progression. METHODS Real-time PCR was used to measure mRNA level of miR-455-5p in GC, TargetScan and dual luciferase assay were used to predict and demonstrate the candidate target gene of miR-455-5p, Western blot were utilized to detect the protein level of RAB18. Cell function assays were also performed to determine the function of miR-455-5p in GC. RESULTS miR-455-5p was reduced significantly in gastric cancer cells and tissues compared with the corresponding normal control, the lower expression of miR-455-5p was related to advanced clinical stage in gastric cancer, re-expression of miR-455-5p could inhibit human GC cell proliferation and invasion, overexpression of miR-455-5p could also promote GC cell apoptosis. Furthermore, we found that RAB18 was a candidate target of miR-455-5p. Re-expression of miR-455-5p could inhibit the protein level of RAB18. CONCLUSION MiR-455-5p might serve as a novel biomarker in gastric cancer by targeting RAB18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiakui Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yongshuang Li
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Baiqiang Sui
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dongqiu Dai
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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21
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Wang L, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Liu S, Yu S, Ma Y, Sun G. MicroRNA-193b inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells via targeting cyclin D1. Acta Histochem 2016; 118:323-30. [PMID: 27071318 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs have been involved in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression and also play important roles in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. MiR-193b was previously reported to act as tumor suppressor in diverse cancers. However, little is known about the expression, function and mechanism of miR-193b in gastric cancer (GC). In this study, we investigated the expression of miR-193b in 50 GC cases and found that miR-193b was significantly reduced in GC tissues compared with the adjacent normal gastric tissues. Moreover, lower-level of miR-193b was also associated with a more aggressive GC phenotype. We further demonstrated that miR-193b can inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of HGC-27 and MGC-803 GC cells. Further mechanism study indicated that CCND1 was a direct target of miR-193b in GC. Overexpression of miR-193b inhibited the expression of CCND1, and knock-down of CCND1 inhibited the proliferation of GC cells, suggesting that miR-193b exerted its anti-tumorigenic role in GC cells through targeting CCND1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Henan University, KaiFeng 475000, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Henan University, KaiFeng 475000, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Lijun Zhao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Henan University, KaiFeng 475000, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Siqi Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Shashuang Yu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Henan University, KaiFeng 475000, China
| | - Yanni Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Guotao Sun
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Henan University, KaiFeng 475000, China.
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22
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Suzuki H, Maruyama R, Yamamoto E, Niinuma T, Kai M. Relationship Between Noncoding RNA Dysregulation and Epigenetic Mechanisms in Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 927:109-35. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-1498-7_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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23
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Valenzuela MA, Canales J, Corvalán AH, Quest AFG. Helicobacter pylori-induced inflammation and epigenetic changes during gastric carcinogenesis. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:12742-12756. [PMID: 26668499 PMCID: PMC4671030 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i45.12742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The sequence of events associated with the development of gastric cancer has been described as “the gastric precancerous cascade”. This cascade is a dynamic process that includes lesions, such as atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia. According to this model, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection targets the normal gastric mucosa causing non-atrophic gastritis, an initiating lesion that can be cured by clearing H. pylori with antibiotics or that may then linger in the case of chronic infection and progress to atrophic gastritis. The presence of virulence factors in the infecting H. pylori drives the carcinogenesis process. Independent epidemiological and animal studies have confirmed the sequential progression of these precancerous lesions. Particularly long-term follow-up studies estimated a risk of 0.1% for atrophic gastritis/intestinal metaplasia and 6% in case of dysplasia for the long-term development of gastric cancer. With this in mind, a better understanding of the genetic and epigenetic changes associated with progression of the cascade is critical in determining the risk of gastric cancer associated with H. pylori infection. In this review, we will summarize some of the most relevant mechanisms and focus predominantly but not exclusively on the discussion of gene promoter methylation and miRNAs in this context.
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24
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Mahmood S, Bhatti A, Syed NA, John P. The microRNA regulatory network: a far-reaching approach to the regulate the Wnt signaling pathway in number of diseases. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2015; 36:310-8. [PMID: 26523375 DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2015.1080273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Wnt signaling pathway plays an important role in cell renewal, tumorigenesis, organogenesis, bone formation and bone resorption. Wnt signaling pathway is divided into two outlets: Wnt-β-catenin pathway (canonical pathway) and Wnt-calcium pathway (non-canonical pathway). miRNAs play a key role in the regulation of Wnt signaling pathway. In this review, we highlight the basic indulgent of miRNAs-mediated regulation of Wnt signaling pathway. We focus on the role of miRNAs at different levels of Wnt signaling: signaling molecules, their associated signaling proteins, regulatory proteins, transcription factors and related cytokines. Finally, we concluded that these multiple levels of targeting may have diagnostic potential as well as therapeutic prospective in future treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Mahmood
- a Immunogenetic Lab, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology (NUST) , Islamabad , Pakistan
| | - Attya Bhatti
- a Immunogenetic Lab, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology (NUST) , Islamabad , Pakistan
| | - Nida Ali Syed
- a Immunogenetic Lab, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology (NUST) , Islamabad , Pakistan
| | - Peter John
- a Immunogenetic Lab, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology (NUST) , Islamabad , Pakistan
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25
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Yang Q, Zhang RW, Sui PC, He HT, Ding L. Dysregulation of non-coding RNAs in gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:10956-10981. [PMID: 26494954 PMCID: PMC4607897 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i39.10956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers in the world and a significant threat to the health of patients, especially those from China and Japan. The prognosis for patients with late stage GC receiving the standard of care treatment, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, remains poor. Developing novel treatment strategies, identifying new molecules for targeted therapy, and devising screening techniques to detect this cancer in its early stages are needed for GC patients. The discovery of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), primarily microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), helped to elucidate the mechanisms of tumorigenesis, diagnosis and treatment of GC. Recently, significant research has been conducted on non-coding RNAs and how the regulatory dysfunction of these RNAs impacts the tumorigenesis of GC. In this study, we review papers published in the last five years concerning the dysregulation of non-coding RNAs, especially miRNAs and lncRNAs, in GC. We summarize instances of aberrant expression of the ncRNAs in GC and their effect on survival-related events, including cell cycle regulation, AKT signaling, apoptosis and drug resistance. Additionally, we evaluate how ncRNA dysregulation affects the metastatic process, including the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, stem cells, transcription factor activity, and oncogene and tumor suppressor expression. Lastly, we determine how ncRNAs affect angiogenesis in the microenvironment of GC. We further discuss the use of ncRNAs as potential biomarkers for use in clinical screening, early diagnosis and prognosis of GC. At present, no ideal ncRNAs have been identified as targets for the treatment of GC.
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26
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Ali SR, Humphreys KJ, McKinnon RA, Michael MZ. Impact of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors on microRNA Expression and Cancer Therapy: A Review. Drug Dev Res 2015; 76:296-317. [PMID: 26303212 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chromatin-modifying drugs, such as histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), have shown potential as cancer therapeutics, either alone or in combination with other therapies. HDACi have the ability to reverse aberrant epigenetic modifications associated with cancer, namely dysregulated histone acetylation. There are currently three FDA approved HDACi; vorinostat, romidepsin, and panobinostat. Epigenetic modifications can regulate the expression of protein coding genes, and in addition can alter expression of microRNA (miRNA) genes. Many miRNAs play key roles in cell proliferation and apoptosis, and are commonly dysregulated in cancer states. A number of in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the ability of chromatin-modifying drugs to alter miRNA expression, which may provide the basis for further investigation of miRNAs as therapeutic targets or as biomarkers of drug response. This review summarises findings from studies investigating the effects of HDACi on miRNA expression, as well as key clinical trials involving HDACi. Understanding how chromatin-modifying drugs epigenetically modulate miRNA genes provides further insight into the cellular mechanisms that deliver therapeutic responses, and may assist in refining treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saira R Ali
- Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Karen J Humphreys
- Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ross A McKinnon
- Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Michael Z Michael
- Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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27
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Yim RL, Wong KY, Kwong YL, Loong F, Leung CY, Chu R, Lam WWL, Hui PK, Lai R, Chim CS. Methylation of miR-155-3p in mantle cell lymphoma and other non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Oncotarget 2015; 5:9770-82. [PMID: 25211095 PMCID: PMC4259436 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). In cancers, tumor suppressive microRNAs may be silenced by DNA hypermethylation. By microRNA profiling of representative EBV-negative MCL cell lines before and after demethylation treatment, miR-155-3p was found significantly restored. Methylation-specific PCR, verified by pyrosequencing, showed complete methylation of miR-155-3p in one MCL cell line (REC-1). 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine treatment of REC-1 led to demethylation and re-expression of miR-155-3p. Over-expression of miR-155-3p led to increased sub-G1 apoptotic cells and reduced cellular viability, demonstrating its tumor suppressive properties. By luciferase assay, lymphotoxin-beta (LT-β) was validated as a miR-155-3p target. In 31 primary MCL, miR-155-3p was found hypermethylated in 6(19%) cases. To test if methylation of miR-155-3p was MCL-specific, miR-155-3p methylation was tested in an additional 191 B-cell, T-cell and NK-cell NHLs, yielding miR-155-3p methylation in 66(34.6%) including 36(27%) non-MCL B-cell, 24(53%) T-cell and 6(46%) of NK-cell lymphoma. Moreover, in 72 primary NHL samples with RNA, miR-155-3p methylation correlated with miR-155-3p downregulation (p = 0.024), and LT-β upregulation (p = 0.043). Collectively, miR-155-3p is a potential tumor suppressive microRNA hypermethylated in MCL and other NHL subtypes. As miR-155-3p targets LT-β, which is an upstream activator of the non-canonical NF-kB signaling, miR-155-3p methylation is potentially important in lymphomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Lh Yim
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kwan Yeung Wong
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yok Lam Kwong
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | | | - Raymond Chu
- Department of Pathology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong
| | | | - Pak Kwan Hui
- Department of Pathology, Kwong Wah Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Raymond Lai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Chor Sang Chim
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Bae JH, Kang MJ, Yang KM, Kim TO, Yi JM. Epigenetically silenced microRNAs in gastric cancer: Functional analysis and identification of their target genes. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:1017-26. [PMID: 26043902 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs), which are small non‑coding RNA molecules, can participate in diverse biological functions and act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors by inhibiting target gene expression. The alteration of miRNA expression is observed in many types of human cancers and has been implicated in carcinogenesis. Since miRNAs have been known to be downregulated in most cancer types, there is growing evidence that several miRNAs are downregulated by DNA hypermethylation. Here, we determined that MIR219.2, MIR663b and MIR1237 were transcriptionally silenced by DNA hypermethylation in human gastric cancer cell lines. Moreover, we demonstrated the functional roles of these epigenetically silenced miRNAs by ectopically expressing them in gastric cancer cells, which caused the suppression of growth and proliferation. In addition, wound closure, cell migration, and invasion were significantly reduced in AGS cells following transfection with MIR219.2, MIR663b or MIR1237 mimics. Notably, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated proteins were decreased in response to ectopic expression of these miRNAs, supporting the notion that these miRNAs have a tumor-suppressive effect in gastric cancer. We finally predicted the targets of these miRNAs and identified several candidate genes, the expression levels of which were significantly downregulated by ectopic expression of MIR219.2, MIR663b or MIR1237 mimics in the gastric cancer cell lines. Our study provides strong evidence that these miRNAs are transcriptionally regulated by DNA methylation in gastric cancer and have tumor-suppressive roles by decreasing the mesenchymal traits in cancer as well as by targeting cancer-associated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Han Bae
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (DIRAMS), Busan 619-953, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Joo Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan 612-896, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Mo Yang
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (DIRAMS), Busan 619-953, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Oh Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan 612-896, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Mi Yi
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (DIRAMS), Busan 619-953, Republic of Korea
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Jiang C, Chen X, Alattar M, Wei J, Liu H. MicroRNAs in tumorigenesis, metastasis, diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer. Cancer Gene Ther 2015; 22:291-301. [DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2015.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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30
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Ultrasensitive label-free detection of miRNA with asymmetric hairpin probe, exonuclease I and SYBR Green I. Chem Res Chin Univ 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-015-4378-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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31
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Guo X, Xia J, Yan J. Promoter methylated microRNAs: potential therapeutic targets in gastric cancer. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:759-65. [PMID: 25351138 PMCID: PMC4262514 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most commonly diagnosed type of cancer worldwide and has the second highest mortality rate of all cancer types. Classical genetics alone does not fully explain how GC occurs; however, epigenetics provides a partial explanation with regard to the cause of cancer. DNA methylation, the best-known type of epigenetic marker, represses the expression of tumor-suppressor genes and is involved in the pathogenesis of various types of human cancer, including GC. Micro (mi)RNAs are critical in the initiation, progression, metastasis and invasion of GC through gene regulation. The dysregulation of miRNAs is widely recognized as a hallmark of cancer. Recently, studies concerning DNA methylation of miRNAs in GC have been frequently reported, and these studies deepen the knowledge of how epigenetic regulation of miRNAs results in GC pathogenesis and indicate novel therapeutic strategies for GC. The present review provides an overview of the reported DNA methylation of miRNAs in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Guo
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Translational Medicine, Wuxi Second Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, P.R. China
| | - Jiazeng Xia
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Translational Medicine, Wuxi Second Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Yan
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Translational Medicine, Wuxi Second Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, P.R. China
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32
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Li Y, Xu Z, Li B, Zhang Z, Luo H, Wang Y, Lu Z, Wu X. Epigenetic silencing of miRNA-9 is correlated with promoter-proximal CpG island hypermethylation in gastric cancer in vitro and in vivo. Int J Oncol 2014; 45:2576-86. [PMID: 25270964 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Silencing of protein-coding tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) by CpG island hypermethylation is a common occurrence in gastric cancer (GC). Here, we examine if tumor suppressor microRNAs (miRNAs) are silenced in a similar manner. Real-time quantitative PCR (RTQ-PCR) was employed to investigate the expression level of four candidate miRNAs in GC tissues (n=30) and cell lines. Basing on RTQ-PCR results and bioinformatics approach, miR-9 was chosen for further study on epigenetic regulation. Bisulfite genomic sequencing PCR (BSP) was performed to assess the methylation status of miR-9 in GC tissues. In both GC cell lines and animal models, demethylation was performed either by treatment with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-AZA-CdR) or by siRNA targeting DNMT1. We also analyzed the relationship between miRNAs and several clinicopathological features. Candidate miRNAs (miR-9, miR-433, miR-19b, and miR-370) were found strongly downregulated in GC tissues and cell lines. Their expression was increased following 5-AZA-CdR treatment. CpG island methylation of miR-9 was significantly higher in GC tissues compared to normal controls. After two demethylation treatments, miR-9 methylation degree was significantly decreased and miR-9 expression was ob-viously restored in GC cells and animal models. Deregulation of miR-9 was positively correlated with tumor lesion size. Three other miRNAs, miR-19b, miR-433, and miR-370 were assοciated with lymph node metastasis, decreased curvature, and poorly differentiated carcinoma. miR-19b and miR-433 were positively correlated with male gender. Of four candidate miRNAs downregulated in GC, miR-9 is epigenetically regulated by DNA methylation both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Chongqing Cancer Institute, Chongqing 400030, P.R. China
| | - Zhong Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Guiyang Medical University, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Surgery, The First People Hospital, Jiangbei, Chongqing 400020, P.R. China
| | - Zhengzheng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Hongchun Luo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yuanhu Wang
- Laboratory of Clinical Diagnostics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Zhizhong Lu
- Laboratory of Clinical Diagnostics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
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Song KB, Liu WJ, Jia SS. miR-219 inhibits the growth and metastasis of TSCC cells by targeting PRKCI. Int J Clin Exp Med 2014; 7:2957-2965. [PMID: 25356169 PMCID: PMC4211819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Tongue squamous cells carcinoma (TSCC) is the most common type in oral cancers. Recently, accumulating evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in tumorigenesis. Here, we demonstrated that miR-219 was significantly downregulated in TSCC tissues and cell lines. miR-219 overexpression remarkably suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion of TSCC cells. In addition, protein kinase CI (PRKCI) was identified as a target of miR-219, and overexpression of PRKCI could significantly attenuated the tumor suppressive effects of miR-219. Furthermore, PRKCI inversely correlates with miR-219 in TSCC tissues. Taken together, miR-219 inhibited growth and metastasis by targeting PRKCI and might be used as a potential target for the treatment of TSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Bin Song
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wen-Juan Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shen-Shan Jia
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
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34
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Cheng Y, Li Y, Liu D, Zhang R, Zhang J. miR-137 effects on gastric carcinogenesis are mediated by targeting Cox-2-activated PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:3274-81. [PMID: 25064845 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) provided a new avenue for early diagnosis and treatment of GC. MiR-137 has been reported to be under-expressed and involved in various cell processes. However, the role of miR-137 in GC is less known. In this study, we show that miR-137 is under-expressed in GC and functions as a tumor suppressor through targeting Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2), which subsequently suppresses the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, restored Cox-2 expression partially abolished the tumor suppressive effects of miR-137 in GC cells, suggesting miR-137 may suppress GC carcinogenesis by targeting Cox-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cheng
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, PR China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-head and neck surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Dong Liu
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, PR China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, PR China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, PR China.
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35
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Zhou B, Chen H, Wei D, Kuang Y, Zhao X, Li G, Xie J, Chen P. A novel miR-219-SMC4-JAK2/Stat3 regulatory pathway in human hepatocellular carcinoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2014; 33:55. [PMID: 24980149 PMCID: PMC4096530 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-33-55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To understand the involvement of structural maintenance of chromosome 4 (SMC4) in the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS Real-time quantitative PCR and Western Blotting were applied to measure the expression of SMC4 in HCC samples and cell lines. The tumor-promoting effect of SMC4 was determined by WST-1, soft agar colony formation, cell motility and invasion assays. The SMC4 target signal pathway was identified by luciferase reporter and real-time quantitative PCR assays. RESULTS The upregulation of SMC4 was frequently detected in HCC samples and cell lines. Functional assays demonstrated that SMC4 could effectively promote tumor cell growth rate, colony formation in soft agar, wound-healing and invasion. Further studies showed that increased miR-219 levels caused a significant decrease in the SMC4 expression, and SMC4 inhibitor downregulated JAK2/Stat3 expression at both the mRNA and protein levels. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide new insight into SMC4 function and the mechanisms of growth and invasion of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ping Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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36
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Ma J, Hong L, Chen Z, Nie Y, Fan D. Epigenetic regulation of microRNAs in gastric cancer. Dig Dis Sci 2014; 59:716-23. [PMID: 24248419 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-013-2939-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers and accounts for a large proportion of cancer-related deaths in the world, while the pathogenesis of it is still not clear. Epigenetic changes have been found to participate in the development and progression of gastric cancer. Epigenetic changes involve methylation of cytosines in DNA, modifications of histone, chromatin remodeling, and alterations in the expression of microRNAs. MicroRNAs, a family of small non-coding RNAs, have been demonstrated to participate in many fundamental biological processes including the carcinogenesis of gastric cancer. Previous studies have shown that the downregulation of microRNAs are often caused by the methylation in the CpG islands of microRNA promoters. Here, we have summarized the functions and molecular mechanisms of gastric cancer related methylated microRNAs in gastric carcinogenesis. We further envisage the clinical application of microRNA methylation in the early diagnosis, treatment and prognosis assessment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
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37
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Yang J, Zhang JY, Chen J, Xu Y, Song NH, Yin CJ. Prognostic role of microRNA-221 in various human malignant neoplasms: a meta-analysis of 20 related studies. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87606. [PMID: 24475314 PMCID: PMC3903772 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNA-221 (miR-221) has been shown to play an important role in cancer prognosis. In order to evaluate the predictive value of miR-221, we compiled the evidence from 20 eligible studies to perform a meta-analysis. Design All of relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, and were assessed by further quality evaluation. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of total and stratified analyses, for overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS), were calculated to investigate the association between high miR-221 expression and cancer prognosis. Results We found that high miR-221 expression can predict a poor OS in malignant tumors (pooled HR = 1.55, P = 0.017) but has no significant association with RFS (pooled HR = 1.02, P = 0.942). Further in stratified analyses, high miR-221 expression was significantly associated with a poor OS in Asians (pooled HR = 2.04, P = 0.010) or serum/ plasma subgroup (pooled HR = 2.28, P<0.001), and even showed significantly poor OS (pooled HR = 1.80, P<0.001) and RFS (pooled HR = 2.43, P = 0.010) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) subgroup, but was correlated to a favorable RFS in prostate cancer subgroup (pooled HR = 0.51, P = 0.004). Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that miR-221 is more suitable to predict cancer prognosis in Asians, and it is a promising prognostic biomarker for HCC. The detection of miR-221 in serum or plasma samples may make it become an effective method for monitoring patients' prognosis and assessing therapeutic efficacy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia-yi Zhang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ning-hong Song
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chang-jun Yin
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- * E-mail:
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38
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Sethi S, Ali S, Kong D, Philip PA, Sarkar FH. Clinical Implication of MicroRNAs in Molecular Pathology. Clin Lab Med 2013; 33:773-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cll.2013.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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39
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Wu W, Yang P, Feng X, Wang H, Qiu Y, Tian T, He Y, Yu C, Yang J, Ye S, Zhou Y. The relationship between and clinical significance of MicroRNA-32 and phosphatase and tensin homologue expression in colorectal cancer. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2013; 52:1133-40. [PMID: 24123284 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are suspected to play important roles in carcinogenesis. MiR-32 has altered expression in colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the clinical significance of miR-32 expression in the process of carcinogenesis is poorly understood. In this study, we determined the levels of, the correlation between, and the clinical significance of the expression of miR-32 and phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN), a tumor suppressor targeted by miR-32, in CRC. The levels of miR-32 and PTEN gene expression in 35 colorectal carcinoma samples, 35 corresponding cancer-adjacent tissue samples, 27 colorectal adenoma samples, and 16 normal tissue samples were quantified using real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. PTEN protein expression was determined using western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The relationship between the miR-32 and PTEN protein expression and clinicopathological factors was analyzed. Significant upregulation of miR-32 expression and reduction of PTEN were identified in CRC tissues. High miR-32 levels were significantly associated with lymph node and distant metastasis, and Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that patients with high miR-32 expression had a poor overall survival. Low PTEN protein expression was also significantly correlated with distant metastasis. An inverse relationship between miR-32 and PTEN protein expression was identified. In addition, IHC analysis revealed weak or indiscernible PTEN staining in tumor tissue. MiR-32 overexpression was correlated with specific CRC clinicopathological features and may be a marker of poor prognosis in CRC patients. MiR-32 and PTEN expression were inversely correlated, and miR-32 may be associated with the development of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyun Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, South Peoples Avenue No. 57, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
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40
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Smythies J, Edelstein L. Interactions between the spike code and the epigenetic code during information processing in the brain. Front Mol Neurosci 2013; 6:17. [PMID: 23847467 PMCID: PMC3703540 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2013.00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- John Smythies
- Department of Psychology, Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California San Diego La Jolla, CA, USA
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