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Beard H, Winner L, Shoubridge A, Parkinson‐Lawrence E, Lau AA, Mubarokah SN, Lance T, King B, Scott W, Snel MF, Trim PJ, Hemsley KM. Evaluation of neuroretina following i.v. or intra-CSF AAV9 gene replacement in mice with MPS IIIA, a childhood dementia. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14919. [PMID: 39123298 PMCID: PMC11315678 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sanfilippo syndrome (mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA; MPS IIIA) is a childhood dementia caused by inherited mutations in the sulfamidase gene. At present, there is no treatment and children with classical disease generally die in their late teens. Intravenous or intra-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) injection of AAV9-gene replacement is being examined in human clinical trials; evaluation of the impact on brain disease is an intense focus; however, MPS IIIA patients also experience profound, progressive photoreceptor loss, leading to night blindness. AIM To compare the relative efficacy of the two therapeutic approaches on retinal degeneration in MPS IIIA mice. METHODS Neonatal mice received i.v. or intra-CSF AAV9-sulfamidase or vehicle and after 20 weeks, biochemical and histological evaluation of neuroretina integrity was carried out. RESULTS Both treatments improved central retinal thickness; however, in peripheral retina, outer nuclear layer thickness and photoreceptor cell length were only significantly improved by i.v. gene replacement. Further, normalization of endo-lysosomal compartment size and microglial morphology was only observed following intravenous gene delivery. CONCLUSIONS Confirmatory studies are needed in adult mice; however, these data indicate that i.v. AAV9-sulfamidase infusion leads to superior outcomes in neuroretina, and cerebrospinal fluid-delivered AAV9 may need to be supplemented with another therapeutic approach for optimal patient quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Beard
- Childhood Dementia Research GroupFlinders Health and Medical Research Institute College of Medicine and Public Health Flinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Leanne Winner
- Childhood Dementia Research GroupFlinders Health and Medical Research Institute College of Medicine and Public Health Flinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Andrew Shoubridge
- Healthy Microbiome and Chronic Disease, Lifelong Health ThemeSouth Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI)AdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Emma Parkinson‐Lawrence
- Mechanisms in Cell Biology and Disease Research Group, Clinical Health SciencesUniSAAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Adeline A. Lau
- Childhood Dementia Research GroupFlinders Health and Medical Research Institute College of Medicine and Public Health Flinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Siti N. Mubarokah
- Childhood Dementia Research GroupFlinders Health and Medical Research Institute College of Medicine and Public Health Flinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Tabitha‐Rose Lance
- Childhood Dementia Research GroupFlinders Health and Medical Research Institute College of Medicine and Public Health Flinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Barbara King
- Childhood Dementia Research GroupFlinders Health and Medical Research Institute College of Medicine and Public Health Flinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - William Scott
- Childhood Dementia Research GroupFlinders Health and Medical Research Institute College of Medicine and Public Health Flinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Marten F. Snel
- Proteomics, Metabolomics and MS‐Imaging FacilitySouth Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI)AdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Paul J. Trim
- Proteomics, Metabolomics and MS‐Imaging FacilitySouth Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI)AdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Kim M. Hemsley
- Childhood Dementia Research GroupFlinders Health and Medical Research Institute College of Medicine and Public Health Flinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
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Nakamura S, Morohoshi K, Inada E, Sato Y, Watanabe S, Saitoh I, Sato M. Recent Advances in In Vivo Somatic Cell Gene Modification in Newborn Pups. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15301. [PMID: 37894981 PMCID: PMC10607593 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Germline manipulation at the zygote stage using the CRISPR/Cas9 system has been extensively employed for creating genetically modified animals and maintaining established lines. However, this approach requires a long and laborious task. Recently, many researchers have attempted to overcome these limitations by generating somatic mutations in the adult stage through tail vein injection or local administration of CRISPR reagents, as a new strategy called "in vivo somatic cell genome editing". This approach does not require manipulation of early embryos or strain maintenance, and it can test the results of genome editing in a short period. The newborn is an ideal stage to perform in vivo somatic cell genome editing because it is immune-privileged, easily accessible, and only a small amount of CRISPR reagents is required to achieve somatic cell genome editing throughout the entire body, owing to its small size. In this review, we summarize in vivo genome engineering strategies that have been successfully demonstrated in newborns. We also report successful in vivo genome editing through the neonatal introduction of genome editing reagents into various sites in newborns (as exemplified by intravenous injection via the facial vein), which will be helpful for creating models for genetic diseases or treating many genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Nakamura
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, Tokorozawa 359-8513, Japan;
| | - Kazunori Morohoshi
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, Tokorozawa 359-8513, Japan;
| | - Emi Inada
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan;
| | - Yoko Sato
- Graduate School of Public Health, Shizuoka Graduate University of Public Health, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka 420-0881, Japan;
| | - Satoshi Watanabe
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Tsukuba 305-0901, Japan;
| | - Issei Saitoh
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Mizuho 501-0296, Japan;
| | - Masahiro Sato
- Department of Genome Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan;
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Francelin C, Godoy J, Qi X, Silva JAF, Grant MB, Boulton ME. Characterizing temporal and spatial recruitment of systemically administered RPE65-programmed bone marrow-derived cells to the retina in a mouse model of age-related macular degeneration. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021; 259:2987-2994. [PMID: 34357416 PMCID: PMC8478769 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-021-05358-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Previously, we reported that the intravenous injection of bone marrow-derived cells (BMDC) infected with lentivirus expressing the human RPE65 gene resulted in the programming of BMDC to promote visual recovery in a mouse model of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The aim of this study was to characterize the spatial and temporal recruitment of these programmed BMDC to the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) layer. METHODS C57BL/6J female mice received a subretinal injection of AAV1-SOD2 ribozyme to knock down (KD) superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and induce AMD-like pathology. BMDC were isolated from GFP+ mice and infected with a lentivirus expressing RPE65. One month after SOD2 KD, fifty thousand GFP+ RPE65-BMDC were injected in the mouse tail vein. Animals were terminated at different time points up to 60 min following cell administration, and localization of GFP+ cells was determined by fluorescence microscopy of neural retina and RPE flat mounts and tissue sections. RESULTS GFP+ RPE65- BMDC were observed in SOD2 KD neural retina and RPE as early as 1 min following administration. With increasing time, the number of cells in the neural retina decreased, while those in the RPE increased. While the number of cells in peripheral and central retina remained similar at each time point, the number of BMDC recruited to the central RPE increased in a time-dependent manner up to a maximum by 60 min post administration. Immunohistochemistry of cross-sections of the RPE layer confirmed the incorporation of donor GFP+ BMDC into the RPE layer and that these GFP+ human RPE65 expressing cells co-localized with murine RPE65. No GFP+ cells were observed in the neural retina or RPE layer of normal uninjured control eyes. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that systemically administered GFP+ RPE65-BMDC can reach the retina within minutes and that the majority of these BMDC are recruited to the injured RPE layer by 60 min post injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Francelin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama At Birmingham, 1670 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA.
| | - Juliana Godoy
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama At Birmingham, 1670 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
- Department of Hemotherapy and Cellular Therapy, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Xiaoping Qi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama At Birmingham, 1670 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Juliete A F Silva
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama At Birmingham, 1670 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Maria B Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama At Birmingham, 1670 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Michael E Boulton
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama At Birmingham, 1670 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA.
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Wei Z, Liu X, Li T, Li X, Zhou Q, Wu J, Zhang C. Transduction of mouse retina by insect cell packaged recombinant adeno-associated viruses and their mutants via intravitreal injection. Future Virol 2021. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2020-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is the most preferred gene therapy vector. The purpose of our research is to compare the infection tropism and gene expression efficiency of vitreous injection of recombinant AAVs (rAAVs) and their capsid mutants in mouse retina. Materials & methods: We packaged wild-type rAAV2/2,6,8,9 and their capsid mutants carrying EGFP expression cassette using insect cells. The gene expression profiles of rAAVs and their mutants in mouse retina were evaluated by optical imaging of retinal tissue flat mount and cryosections. Results & conclusion: The results showed that rAAV2 and rAAV2-Y444F mainly targeted retinal ganglion cell; rAAV8, rAAV8-Y733F, rAAV9 and mutants had obvious EGFP expression in retinal pigment epithelium cells. Compared with the wild-type rAAVs, capsid mutants have an improved transduction efficiency in mouse retina cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wei
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering & Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering & Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Taiming Li
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering & Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qungang Zhou
- Department of Blood Collection, Suzhou Red Cross Blood Center, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianxiang Wu
- Department of Blood Collection, Suzhou Red Cross Blood Center, Suzhou, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering & Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
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Taghian T, Marosfoi MG, Puri AS, Cataltepe OI, King RM, Diffie EB, Maguire AS, Martin DR, Fernau D, Batista AR, Kuchel T, Christou C, Perumal R, Chandra S, Gamlin PD, Bertrand SG, Flotte TR, McKenna-Yasek D, Tai PWL, Aronin N, Gounis MJ, Sena-Esteves M, Gray-Edwards HL. A Safe and Reliable Technique for CNS Delivery of AAV Vectors in the Cisterna Magna. Mol Ther 2019; 28:411-421. [PMID: 31813800 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Global gene delivery to the CNS has therapeutic importance for the treatment of neurological disorders that affect the entire CNS. Due to direct contact with the CNS, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is an attractive route for CNS gene delivery. A safe and effective route to achieve global gene distribution in the CNS is needed, and administration of genes through the cisterna magna (CM) via a suboccipital puncture results in broad distribution in the brain and spinal cord. However, translation of this technique to clinical practice is challenging due to the risk of serious and potentially fatal complications in patients. Herein, we report development of a gene therapy delivery method to the CM through adaptation of an intravascular microcatheter, which can be safely navigated intrathecally under fluoroscopic guidance. We examined the safety, reproducibility, and distribution/transduction of this method in sheep using a self-complementary adeno-associated virus 9 (scAAV9)-GFP vector. This technique was used to treat two Tay-Sachs disease patients (30 months old and 7 months old) with AAV gene therapy. No adverse effects were observed during infusion or post-treatment. This delivery technique is a safe and minimally invasive alternative to direct infusion into the CM, achieving broad distribution of AAV gene transfer to the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toloo Taghian
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Miklos G Marosfoi
- Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Ajit S Puri
- Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Oguz I Cataltepe
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Robert M King
- Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Elise B Diffie
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Anne S Maguire
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Douglas R Martin
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Deborah Fernau
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Ana Rita Batista
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Tim Kuchel
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Gillies Plains, SA 5086, Australia
| | - Chris Christou
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Gillies Plains, SA 5086, Australia
| | - Raj Perumal
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Gillies Plains, SA 5086, Australia
| | | | - Paul D Gamlin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Stephanie G Bertrand
- Department of Environmental Population Health, Cummings Veterinary School at Tufts University, Grafton, MA 01536, USA
| | - Terence R Flotte
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Diane McKenna-Yasek
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Phillip W L Tai
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Neil Aronin
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Matthew J Gounis
- Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Miguel Sena-Esteves
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Heather L Gray-Edwards
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.
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Simpson CP, Bolch SN, Zhu P, Weidert F, Dinculescu A, Lobanova ES. Systemic Delivery of Genes to Retina Using Adeno-Associated Viruses. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1185:109-112. [PMID: 31884597 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-27378-1_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in more than 80 genes lead to photoreceptor degeneration. Although subretinal delivery of genes to photoreceptor neurons using AAV vectors has proven itself as an efficient therapeutic and investigative tool in various mouse models, the surgical procedure itself could lead to loss of retinal function even in healthy animals, complicating the interpretation of experimental studies and requiring thoroughly designed controls. A noninvasive approach, such as a systemic delivery of genes with AAV through the bloodstream, may serve as a promising direction in tool development. Previous studies have established that AAV9 is capable of crossing the blood-brain and blood-retina barrier and even has a limited capacity to transduce photoreceptors. AAV-PHP.eB is a novel AAV9-based mutant capsid that crosses the blood-brain barrier and efficiently transduces central nervous system in the adult mice. Here, we investigated its ability to cross the blood-retina barrier and transduce retinal neurons. Control experiments demonstrated virtually nonexisting ability of this capsid to transduce retinal cells via intravitreal administration but high efficiency to transduce photoreceptors via subretinal route. Systemic delivery of AAV-PHP.eB in adult mice robustly transduced horizontal cells throughout the entire retina, but not photoreceptors. Our study suggests that AAV-PHP.eB crosses the intra-retinal blood-retinal barrier (IR-BRB), efficiently transduces horizontal cells located adjacent to IR-BRB, but has very limited ability to further penetrate retina and reach photoreceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiab P Simpson
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Susan N Bolch
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Frances Weidert
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Astra Dinculescu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ekaterina S Lobanova
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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Donsante A, Boulis NM. Progress in gene and cell therapies for the neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2018; 18:755-764. [PMID: 29936867 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2018.1492544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are a subset of lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) that cause myoclonic epilepsy, loss of cognitive and motor function, degeneration of the retina leading to blindness, and early death. Most are caused by loss-of-function mutations in either lysosomal proteins or transmembrane proteins. Current therapies are supportive in nature. NCLs involving lysosomal enzymes are amenable to therapies that provide an exogenous source of protein, as has been used for other LSDs. Those that involve transmembrane proteins, however, require new approaches. AREAS COVERED This review will discuss potential gene and cell therapy approaches that have been, are, or may be in development for these disorders and those that have entered clinical trials. EXPERT OPINION In animal models, gene therapy approaches have produced remarkable improvements in neurological function and lifespan. However, a complete cure has not been reached for any NCL, and a better understanding of the limits of the current crop of vectors is needed to more fully address these diseases. The prospects for gene therapy, particularly those that can be delivered systemically and treat both the brain and peripheral tissue, are high. The future is beginning to look bright for NCL patients and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Donsante
- a Department of Neurosurgery , Emory University , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - Nicholas M Boulis
- a Department of Neurosurgery , Emory University , Atlanta , GA , USA
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8
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Koo T, Park SW, Jo DH, Kim D, Kim JH, Cho HY, Kim J, Kim JH, Kim JS. CRISPR-LbCpf1 prevents choroidal neovascularization in a mouse model of age-related macular degeneration. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1855. [PMID: 29748595 PMCID: PMC5945874 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04175-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
LbCpf1, derived from Lachnospiraceae bacterium ND2006, is a CRISPR RNA-guided endonuclease and holds promise for therapeutic applications. Here we show that LbCpf1 can be used for therapeutic gene editing in a mouse model of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The intravitreal delivery of LbCpf1, targeted to two angiogenesis-associated genes encoding vascular endothelial growth factor A (Vegfa) and hypoxia inducing factor 1a (Hif1a), using adeno-associated virus, led to efficient gene disruption with no apparent off-target effects in the retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. Importantly, LbCpf1 targeted to Vegfa or Hif1a in RPE cells reduced the area of laser-induced choroidal neovascularization as efficiently as aflibercept, an anti-VEGF drug currently used in the clinic, without inducing cone dysfunction. Unlike aflibercept, LbCpf1 targeted to Vegfa or Hif1a achieved a long-term therapeutic effect on CNV, potentially avoiding repetitive injections. Taken together, these results indicate that LbCpf1-mediated in vivo genome editing to ablate pathologic angiogenesis provides an effective strategy for the treatment of AMD and other neovascularization-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeyoung Koo
- Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, 151-747, Republic of Korea
- Department of Basic Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Wook Park
- FARB Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03082, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Jo
- FARB Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03082, Republic of Korea
| | - Daesik Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, South Korea
| | - Jin Hyoung Kim
- FARB Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03082, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Yeon Cho
- Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, 151-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeungeun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, South Korea
| | - Jeong Hun Kim
- FARB Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03082, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin-Soo Kim
- Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, 151-747, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Basic Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, South Korea.
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Singh LP, Devi TS, Yumnamcha T. The Role of Txnip in Mitophagy Dysregulation and Inflammasome Activation in Diabetic Retinopathy: A New Perspective. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 4. [PMID: 29376145 PMCID: PMC5786434 DOI: 10.19080/jojo.2017.04.555643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are responsible for bioenergetics, metabolism and apoptosis signals in health and disease. The retina being a part of the central nervous system consumes large amounts of glucose and oxygen to generate ATP via the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation for its phototransduction and visual function. During ATP generation, electrons leak from the mitochondrial electron transport chain, which is captured by molecular oxygen to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). These mtROS damage mitochondrial proteins, mtDNA, and membrane lipids and release them in the cytosol. Mitochondrial components are recognized as danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPS) by cytosolic pattern recognition receptors such as NOD-like receptors, NLRP3 inflammasomes. They process pro-caspase-1 to active caspase-1, which cleaves pro-inflammatory IL-1β o mature IL-1β causing inflammation and cell death by pyroptosis. To counter the damaging action of mtROS and inflammasomes in fully differentiated cells in the retina, the removal of the damaged and dysfunctional mitochondria by a double-membrane autophagic process via lysosomal degradation called mitophagy is critical for mitochondrial homeostasis and cell survival. Nonetheless, under chronic diseases including diabetic retinopathy (DR), mitophagy dysregulation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation exist, which cause premature cell death and disease progression. Recently, the thioredoxin-interacting protein TXNIP, which is strongly induced by diabetes and inhibits anti-oxidant function of thioredoxin, has been implicated in mitochondrial dysfunction, mitophagic dysregulation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in DR. Therefore, TXNIP silencing or pharmacological inhibition may normalize mitophagic flux and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, which will prevent or slow down the progression of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalit P Singh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Takhellambam S Devi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Thangal Yumnamcha
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, USA
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10
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Self-Complementary AAV9 Gene Delivery Partially Corrects Pathology Associated with Juvenile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis (CLN3). J Neurosci 2017; 36:9669-82. [PMID: 27629717 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1635-16.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (JNCL) is a fatal lysosomal storage disease caused by autosomal-recessive mutations in CLN3 for which no treatment exists. Symptoms appear between 5 and 10 years of age, beginning with blindness and seizures, followed by progressive cognitive and motor decline and premature death (late teens to 20s). We explored a gene delivery approach for JNCL by generating two self-complementary adeno-associated virus 9 (scAAV9) constructs to address CLN3 dosage effects using the methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2) and β-actin promoters to drive low versus high transgene expression, respectively. This approach was based on the expectation that low CLN3 levels are required for cellular homeostasis due to minimal CLN3 expression postnatally, although this had not yet been demonstrated in vivo One-month-old Cln3(Δex7/8) mice received one systemic (intravenous) injection of scAAV9/MeCP2-hCLN3 or scAAV9/β-actin-hCLN3, with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing viruses as controls. A promoter-dosage effect was observed in all brain regions examined, in which hCLN3 levels were elevated 3- to 8-fold in Cln3(Δex7/8) mice receiving scAAV9/β-actin-hCLN3 versus scAAV9/MeCP2-hCLN3. However, a disconnect occurred between CLN3 levels and disease improvement, because only the scAAV9 construct driving low CLN3 expression (scAAV9/MeCP2-hCLN3) corrected motor deficits and attenuated microglial and astrocyte activation and lysosomal pathology. This may have resulted from preferential promoter usage because transgene expression after intravenous scAAV9/MeCP2-GFP injection was primarily detected in NeuN(+) neurons, whereas scAAV9/β-actin-GFP drove transgene expression in GFAP(+) astrocytes. This is the first demonstration of a systemic delivery route to restore CLN3 in vivo using scAAV9 and highlights the importance of promoter selection for disease modification in juvenile animals. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (JNCL) is a fatal lysosomal storage disease caused by CLN3 mutations. We explored a gene delivery approach using two self-complementary adeno-associated virus 9 (scAAV9) constructs to address CLN3 dosage effects using the methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2) and β-actin promoters. hCLN3 levels were elevated 3- to 8-fold in Cln3(Δex7/8) mice receiving scAAV9/β-actin-hCLN3 versus scAAV9/MeCP2-hCLN3 after a single systemic injection. However, only scAAV9/MeCP2-hCLN3 corrected motor deficits and attenuated glial activation and lysosomal pathology. This may reflect preferential promoter usage because transgene expression with scAAV9/MeCP2-green fluorescent protein (GFP) was primarily in neurons, whereas scAAV9/β-actin-GFP drove transgene expression in astrocytes. This is the first demonstration of systemic delivery for CLN3 using scAAV9 and highlights the importance of promoter selection for disease modification in juvenile animals.
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Choudhury SR, Fitzpatrick Z, Harris AF, Maitland SA, Ferreira JS, Zhang Y, Ma S, Sharma RB, Gray-Edwards HL, Johnson JA, Johnson AK, Alonso LC, Punzo C, Wagner KR, Maguire CA, Kotin RM, Martin DR, Sena-Esteves M. In Vivo Selection Yields AAV-B1 Capsid for Central Nervous System and Muscle Gene Therapy. Mol Ther 2016; 24:1247-57. [PMID: 27117222 PMCID: PMC5088762 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2016.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors have shown promise as a platform for gene therapy of neurological disorders. Achieving global gene delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) is key for development of effective therapies for many of these diseases. Here we report the isolation of a novel CNS tropic AAV capsid, AAV-B1, after a single round of in vivo selection from an AAV capsid library. Systemic injection of AAV-B1 vector in adult mice and cat resulted in widespread gene transfer throughout the CNS with transduction of multiple neuronal subpopulations. In addition, AAV-B1 transduces muscle, β-cells, pulmonary alveoli, and retinal vasculature at high efficiency. This vector is more efficient than AAV9 for gene delivery to mouse brain, spinal cord, muscle, pancreas, and lung. Together with reduced sensitivity to neutralization by antibodies in pooled human sera, the broad transduction profile of AAV-B1 represents an important improvement over AAV9 for CNS gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav R Choudhury
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zachary Fitzpatrick
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anne F Harris
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stacy A Maitland
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jennifer S Ferreira
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yuanfan Zhang
- The Hugo W. Moser Research Institute, Kennedy Krieger Institute and Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Shan Ma
- Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rohit B Sharma
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Heather L Gray-Edwards
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Jacob A Johnson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Aime K Johnson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Laura C Alonso
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Claudio Punzo
- Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kathryn R Wagner
- The Hugo W. Moser Research Institute, Kennedy Krieger Institute and Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Casey A Maguire
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert M Kotin
- Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Voyager Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Douglas R Martin
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Miguel Sena-Esteves
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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Hudry E, Martin C, Gandhi S, György B, Scheffer DI, Mu D, Merkel SF, Mingozzi F, Fitzpatrick Z, Dimant H, Masek M, Ragan T, Tan S, Brisson AR, Ramirez SH, Hyman BT, Maguire CA. Exosome-associated AAV vector as a robust and convenient neuroscience tool. Gene Ther 2016; 23:380-92. [PMID: 26836117 PMCID: PMC4824662 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2016.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors are showing promise in gene therapy trials and have proven to be extremely efficient biological tools in basic neuroscience research. One major limitation to their widespread use in the neuroscience laboratory is the cost, labor, skill and time-intense purification process of AAV. We have recently shown that AAV can associate with exosomes (exo-AAV) when the vector is isolated from conditioned media of producer cells, and the exo-AAV is more resistant to neutralizing anti-AAV antibodies compared with standard AAV. Here, we demonstrate that simple pelleting of exo-AAV from media via ultracentrifugation results in high-titer vector preparations capable of efficient transduction of central nervous system (CNS) cells after systemic injection in mice. We observed that exo-AAV is more efficient at gene delivery to the brain at low vector doses relative to conventional AAV, even when derived from a serotype that does not normally efficiently cross the blood-brain barrier. Similar cell types were transduced by exo-AAV and conventionally purified vector. Importantly, no cellular toxicity was noted in exo-AAV-transduced cells. We demonstrated the utility and robustness of exo-AAV-mediated gene delivery by detecting direct GFP fluorescence after systemic injection, allowing three-dimensional reconstruction of transduced Purkinje cells in the cerebellum using ex vivo serial two-photon tomography. The ease of isolation combined with the high efficiency of transgene expression in the CNS, may enable the widespread use of exo-AAV as a neuroscience research tool. Furthermore, the ability of exo-AAV to evade neutralizing antibodies while still transducing CNS after peripheral delivery is clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloise Hudry
- Alzheimer Research Unit, The Massachusetts General Hospital Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Charlestown, MA
- Department of Neurology, The Massachusetts General Hospital, and NeuroDiscovery Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Courtney Martin
- Alzheimer Research Unit, The Massachusetts General Hospital Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Charlestown, MA
- Department of Neurology, The Massachusetts General Hospital, and NeuroDiscovery Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Sheetal Gandhi
- Alzheimer Research Unit, The Massachusetts General Hospital Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Charlestown, MA
- Department of Neurology, The Massachusetts General Hospital, and NeuroDiscovery Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Bence György
- Department of Neurology, The Massachusetts General Hospital, and NeuroDiscovery Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | | | - Dakai Mu
- Department of Neurology, The Massachusetts General Hospital, and NeuroDiscovery Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Steven F. Merkel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Zachary Fitzpatrick
- Department of Neurology, The Massachusetts General Hospital, and NeuroDiscovery Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | | | | | | | - Sisareuth Tan
- UMR-CBMN CNRS-University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | | | - Servio H. Ramirez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Bradley T. Hyman
- Alzheimer Research Unit, The Massachusetts General Hospital Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Charlestown, MA
- Department of Neurology, The Massachusetts General Hospital, and NeuroDiscovery Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Casey A. Maguire
- Department of Neurology, The Massachusetts General Hospital, and NeuroDiscovery Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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Ricotti V, Muntoni F, Voit T. Challenges of clinical trial design for DMD. Neuromuscul Disord 2015; 25:932-5. [PMID: 26584589 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2015.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Ricotti
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK.
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Thomas Voit
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
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Chapter 3 - Restoring Vision to the Blind: Gene Therapy for Vision Loss. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2014; 3:5. [PMID: 25653889 PMCID: PMC4314998 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.3.7.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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Vitner EB, Vardi A, Cox TM, Futerman AH. Emerging therapeutic targets for Gaucher disease. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2014; 19:321-34. [PMID: 25416676 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2014.981530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gaucher disease (GD) is an inherited metabolic disorder caused by mutations in the glucocerebrosidase (GBA1) gene. Although infusions of recombinant GBA ameliorate the systemic effects of GD, this therapy has no effect on the neurological manifestations. Patients with the neuronopathic forms of GD (nGD) are often severely disabled and die prematurely. The search for innovative drugs is thus urgent for the neuronopathic forms. AREAS COVERED Here we briefly summarize the available treatments for GD. We then review recent studies of the molecular pathogenesis of GD, which suggest new avenues for therapeutic development. EXPERT OPINION Existing treatments for GD are designed to target the primary consequence of the inborn defects of sphingolipid metabolism, that is, lysosomal accumulation of glucosylceramide (GlcCer). Here we suggest that targeting other pathways, such as those that are activated as a consequence of GlcCer accumulation, may also have salutary clinical effects irrespective of whether excess substrate persists. These pathways include those implicated in neuroinflammation, and specifically, receptor-interacting protein kinase-3 (RIP3) and related components of this pathway, which appear to play a vital role in the pathogenesis of nGD. Once available, inhibitors to components of the RIP kinase pathway will hopefully offer new therapeutic opportunities in GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Einat B Vitner
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Biological Chemistry , Rehovot 76100 , Israel +972 8 9342353 ; +972 8 9344112 ;
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