1
|
Lagu B, Wu X, Kulkarni S, Paul R, Becherer JD, Olson L, Ravani S, Chatzianastasiou A, Papapetropoulos A, Andrzejewski S. Orally Bioavailable Enzymatic Inhibitor of CD38, MK-0159, Protects against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in the Murine Heart. J Med Chem 2022; 65:9418-9446. [PMID: 35762533 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
CD38 is one of the major nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)- and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+)-consuming enzymes in mammals. NAD+, NADP+, and their reduced counterparts are essential coenzymes for numerous enzymatic reactions, including the maintenance of cellular and mitochondrial redox balance. CD38 expression is upregulated in age-associated inflammation as well as numerous metabolic diseases, resulting in cellular and mitochondrial dysfunction. Recent literature studies demonstrate that CD38 is activated upon ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), leading to a depletion of NADP+, which results in endothelial damage and myocardial infarction in the heart. Despite increasing evidence of CD38 involvement in various disease states, relatively few CD38 enzymatic inhibitors have been reported to date. Herein, we describe a CD38 enzymatic inhibitor (MK-0159, IC50 = 3 nM against murine CD38) that inhibits CD38 in in vitro assay. Mice treated with MK-0159 show strong protection from myocardial damage upon cardiac I/R injury compared to those treated with NAD+ precursors (nicotinamide riboside) or the known CD38 inhibitor, 78c.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Lagu
- Mitobridge (An Astellas Company), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Xinyuan Wu
- Mitobridge (An Astellas Company), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Santosh Kulkarni
- Syngene International Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka 560099, India
| | - Rakesh Paul
- Syngene International Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka 560099, India
| | - J David Becherer
- Mitobridge (An Astellas Company), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Lyndsay Olson
- Mitobridge (An Astellas Company), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Stella Ravani
- Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Athanasia Chatzianastasiou
- Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece.,Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Andreas Papapetropoulos
- Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece.,Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Sylvia Andrzejewski
- Mitobridge (An Astellas Company), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Identification of Novel Molecular Targets of Four Microcystin Variants by High-Throughput Virtual Screening. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12052612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Highly toxic microcystins (MCs) perform complex interactions with many proteins that induce cellular dysregulation, leading to the development of several diseases including cancer. There is significant diversity and chemical complexity among MC congeners, which makes it difficult to identify structure-dependent toxicity outcomes and their long-term effects. The aim of this study was to exploratory identify likely molecular targets of the main MC variants (MC-LA, MC-LR, MC-RR, and MC-LY) by conducting a computational binding affinity analysis using AutoDock Vina to evaluate the interaction of the toxins with 1000 proteins related to different biological functions. All four variants showed strong in silico interactions with proteins that regulate metabolism/immune system, CD38 (top scoring hit, −11.5 kcal/mol); inflammation, TLR4 (−11.4 kcal/mol) and TLR8 (−11.5 kcal/mol); neuronal conduction, BChE; renin–angiotensin signaling, (ACE); thyroid hormone homeostasis (TTR); and cancer-promoting processes, among other biochemical activities. The results show MCs have the potential to bind onto distinct molecular targets which could generate biochemical alterations through a number of signal transduction pathways. In short, this study broadens our knowledge about the mechanisms of action of different variants of microcystins and provides information for future direct experimentation.
Collapse
|
3
|
Watt JM, Graeff R, Potter BVL. Small Molecule CD38 Inhibitors: Synthesis of 8-Amino- N1-inosine 5'-monophosphate, Analogues and Early Structure-Activity Relationship. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237165. [PMID: 34885748 PMCID: PMC8658804 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although a monoclonal antibody targeting the multifunctional ectoenzyme CD38 is an FDA-approved drug, few small molecule inhibitors exist for this enzyme that catalyzes inter alia the formation and metabolism of the N1-ribosylated, Ca2+-mobilizing, second messenger cyclic adenosine 5′-diphosphoribose (cADPR). N1-Inosine 5′-monophosphate (N1-IMP) is a fragment directly related to cADPR. 8-Substituted-N1-IMP derivatives, prepared by degradation of cyclic parent compounds, inhibit CD38-mediated cADPR hydrolysis more efficiently than related cyclic analogues, making them attractive for inhibitor development. We report a total synthesis of the N1-IMP scaffold from adenine and a small initial compound series that facilitated early delineation of structure-activity parameters, with analogues evaluated for inhibition of CD38-mediated hydrolysis of cADPR. The 5′-phosphate group proved essential for useful activity, but substitution of this group by a sulfonamide bioisostere was not fruitful. 8-NH2-N1-IMP is the most potent inhibitor (IC50 = 7.6 μM) and importantly HPLC studies showed this ligand to be cleaved at high CD38 concentrations, confirming its access to the CD38 catalytic machinery and demonstrating the potential of our fragment approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna M. Watt
- Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK;
- Wolfson Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Richard Graeff
- Department of Physiology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Barry V. L. Potter
- Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK;
- Wolfson Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-1865-271945
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yu P, Cai X, Liang Y, Wang M, Yang W. Roles of NAD + and Its Metabolites Regulated Calcium Channels in Cancer. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204826. [PMID: 33092205 PMCID: PMC7587972 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an essential cofactor for redox enzymes, but also moonlights as a regulator for ion channels, the same as its metabolites. Ca2+ homeostasis is dysregulated in cancer cells and affects processes such as tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, autophagy, progression, and metastasis. Herein, we summarize the regulation of the most common calcium channels (TRPM2, TPCs, RyRs, and TRPML1) by NAD+ and its metabolites, with a particular focus on their roles in cancers. Although the mechanisms of NAD+ metabolites in these pathological processes are yet to be clearly elucidated, these ion channels are emerging as potential candidates of alternative targets for anticancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peilin Yu
- Department of Toxicology, and Department of Medical Oncology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China; (P.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiaobo Cai
- Department of Biophysics, and Department of Neurosurgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China;
| | - Yan Liang
- Department of Toxicology, and Department of Medical Oncology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China; (P.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Mingxiang Wang
- BrioPryme Biologics, Inc., Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China;
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Biophysics, and Department of Neurosurgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-571-8820-8713
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Assessing Molecular Docking Tools to Guide Targeted Drug Discovery of CD38 Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155183. [PMID: 32707824 PMCID: PMC7432575 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A promising protein target for computational drug development, the human cluster of differentiation 38 (CD38), plays a crucial role in many physiological and pathological processes, primarily through the upstream regulation of factors that control cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentrations. Recently, a small-molecule inhibitor of CD38 was shown to slow down pathways relating to aging and DNA damage. We examined the performance of seven docking programs for their ability to model protein-ligand interactions with CD38. A test set of twelve CD38 crystal structures, containing crystallized biologically relevant substrates, were used to assess pose prediction. The rankings for each program based on the median RMSD between the native and predicted were Vina, AD4 > PLANTS, Gold, Glide, Molegro > rDock. Forty-two compounds with known affinities were docked to assess the accuracy of the programs at affinity/ranking predictions. The rankings based on scoring power were: Vina, PLANTS > Glide, Gold > Molegro >> AutoDock 4 >> rDock. Out of the top four performing programs, Glide had the only scoring function that did not appear to show bias towards overpredicting the affinity of the ligand-based on its size. Factors that affect the reliability of pose prediction and scoring are discussed. General limitations and known biases of scoring functions are examined, aided in part by using molecular fingerprints and Random Forest classifiers. This machine learning approach may be used to systematically diagnose molecular features that are correlated with poor scoring accuracy.
Collapse
|
6
|
D'Errico S, Basso E, Falanga AP, Marzano M, Pozzan T, Piccialli V, Piccialli G, Oliviero G, Borbone N. New Linear Precursors of cIDPR Derivatives as Stable Analogs of cADPR: A Potent Second Messenger with Ca 2+-Modulating Activity Isolated from Sea Urchin Eggs. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E476. [PMID: 31426471 PMCID: PMC6723567 DOI: 10.3390/md17080476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report on the synthesis of a small set of linear precursors of an inosine analogue of cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR), a second messenger involved in Ca2+ mobilization from ryanodine receptor stores firstly isolated from sea urchin eggs extracts. The synthesized compounds were obtained starting from inosine and are characterized by an N1-alkyl chain replacing the "northern" ribose and a phosphate group attached at the end of the N1-alkyl chain and/or 5'-sugar positions. Preliminary Ca2+ mobilization assays, performed on differentiated C2C12 cells, are reported as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano D'Errico
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Domenico Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy
- ISBE Italy/SYSBIO Centro di System Biology, Università di Milano-Bicocca, piazza delle Scienze 2, Milano 20126, Italy
| | - Emy Basso
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Istituto di Neuroscienze (Sezione di Padova), viale Giuseppe Colombo 3, Padova 35131, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Padova, via Ugo Bassi 58/b, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Andrea Patrizia Falanga
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Sergio Pansini 5, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Maria Marzano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Domenico Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Tullio Pozzan
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Istituto di Neuroscienze (Sezione di Padova), viale Giuseppe Colombo 3, Padova 35131, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Padova, via Ugo Bassi 58/b, Padova 35131, Italy
- Istituto Veneto di Medicina Molecolare, via Orus 2, Padova 35129, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Piccialli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Cintia, 26, Napoli 80126, Italy
| | - Gennaro Piccialli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Domenico Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy
- ISBE Italy/SYSBIO Centro di System Biology, Università di Milano-Bicocca, piazza delle Scienze 2, Milano 20126, Italy
| | - Giorgia Oliviero
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Sergio Pansini 5, Napoli 80131, Italy.
| | - Nicola Borbone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Domenico Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy
- ISBE Italy/SYSBIO Centro di System Biology, Università di Milano-Bicocca, piazza delle Scienze 2, Milano 20126, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Boslett J, Reddy N, Alzarie YA, Zweier JL. Inhibition of CD38 with the Thiazoloquin(az)olin(on)e 78c Protects the Heart against Postischemic Injury. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 369:55-64. [PMID: 30635470 PMCID: PMC6413770 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.254557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of and genetic deletion of the NAD(P)+ hydrolase [NAD(P)ase] CD38 have been shown to protect against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rat and mouse hearts. CD38 has been shown to enhance salvage of NADP(H), which in turn prevents impairment of endothelial nitric oxide synthase function, a hallmark of endothelial dysfunction. Despite growing evidence for a role of CD38 in postischemic injury, until recently there had been a lack of potent CD38 inhibitors. Recently, a new class of thiazoloquin(az)olin(on)e compounds were identified as highly potent and specific CD38 inhibitors. Herein, we investigate the ability of one of these compounds, 78c, to inhibit CD38 and protect the heart in an ex vivo model of myocardial I/R injury. The potency and mechanism of CD38 inhibition by 78c was assessed in vitro using recombinant CD38. The dose-dependent tissue uptake of 78c in isolated mouse hearts was determined, and high tissue permeability of 78c was observed when delivered in perfusate. Treatment of hearts with 78c was protective against both postischemic endothelial and cardiac myocyte injury, with preserved nitric oxide synthase-dependent vasodilatory and contractile function, respectively. Myocardial infarction was also significantly decreased in 78c-treated hearts, with preserved levels of high-energy phosphates. Protective effects peaked at 10 μM treatment, and similar protection without toxicity was seen at 5-fold higher doses. Overall, 78c was shown to be a potent and biologically active CD38 inhibitor with favorable tissue uptake and marked protective effects against I/R injury with enhanced preservation of contractile function, coronary flow, and decreased infarction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Boslett
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Nikhil Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Yasmin A Alzarie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jay L Zweier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sadeghi L, Yekta R, Dehghan G. New mechanisms of phenytoin in calcium homeostasis: competitive inhibition of CD38 in hippocampal cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 26:191-198. [PMID: 30402721 PMCID: PMC6279657 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-018-0224-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Phenytoin is a major anticonvulsant drug that is effective to improve arrhythmia and neuropathic pain. According to early works, phenytoin affected cell membrane depolarization by sodium channel blocking, guanylyl and adenylyl cyclase suppression that cause to intracellular Na+ and Ca2+ downregulation. This study was aimed to clarify some ambiguities in pathophysiological action of phenytoin by in vitro and molecular docking analyses. Methods In this study intracellular free Ca2+ of primary culture of embryonic mouse hippocampus evaluated via Fura 2 as fluorescent probe. The effects of phenytoin on ADP ribosyl cyclase activity was assessed by recently developed fluorometric assay. Molecular docking simulation was also implemented to investigate the possible interaction between phenytoin and CD38. Results Our results confirmed phenytoin competitively inhibits cyclase activity of CD38 (IC50 = 8.1 μM) and reduces cADPR content. cADPR is a Ca2+-mobilising second messenger which binds to L-type calcium channel and ryanodine receptors in cell and ER membrane and increases cytosolic free Ca2+. Ca2+ content of cells decreased significantly in the presence of phenytoin in a dose dependent manner (IC50 = 12.74 µM). Based on molecular docking analysis, phenytoin binds to deeper site of CD38 active site, mainly via hydrophobic interactions and consequently inhibits proper contact of substrate with catalytic residues specially Glu 226, Trp 186, Thr221. Conclusion Taken together, one of the anticonvulsant mechanisms of phenytoin is Ca2+ inhibition from CD38 pathway, therefore could be used in disorders that accompanied by CD38 over production or activation such as heart disease, depression, brain sepsis, airway disease, oxidative stress and inflammation. ᅟ ![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Sadeghi
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, P.O. Box 5166616471, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Reza Yekta
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, P.O. Box 5166616471, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Dehghan
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, P.O. Box 5166616471, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Autore F, Strati P, Laurenti L, Ferrajoli A. Morphological, immunophenotypic, and genetic features of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with trisomy 12: a comprehensive review. Haematologica 2018; 103:931-938. [PMID: 29748447 PMCID: PMC6058775 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.186684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is an extremely heterogeneous disease and prognostic factors such as chromosomal abnormalities are important predictors of time to first treatment and survival. Trisomy 12 is the second most frequent aberration detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization at the time of diagnosis (10-25%), and it confers an intermediate prognostic risk, with a median time to first treatment of 33 months and a median overall survival of 114 months. Here, we review the unique morphological, immunophenotypic, and genetic characteristics of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and trisomy 12. These patients carry a significantly higher expression of CD19, CD22, CD20, CD79b, CD24, CD27, CD38, CD49d, sIgM, sIgk, and sIgλ and lower expression of CD43 compared with patients with normal karyotype. Circulating cells show increased expression of the integrins CD11b, CD18, CD29, and ITGB7, and of the adhesion molecule CD323. Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and trisomy 12 frequently have unmutated IGHV, ZAP-70 positivity, and closely homologous stereotyped B-cell receptors. They rarely show TP53 mutations but frequently have NOTCH1 mutations, which can be identified in up to 40% of those with a rapidly progressive clinical course.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Biomarkers
- Bone Marrow/pathology
- Chromosome Aberrations
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Genetic Association Studies
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/genetics
- Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/metabolism
- Immunophenotyping/methods
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/mortality
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/therapy
- Pancytopenia/pathology
- Phenotype
- Prognosis
- Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/metabolism
- Treatment Outcome
- Trisomy
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Autore
- Hematology Institute, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Strati
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Luca Laurenti
- Hematology Institute, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ferrajoli
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Deaton DN, Haffner CD, Henke BR, Jeune MR, Shearer BG, Stewart EL, Stuart JD, Ulrich JC. 2,4-Diamino-8-quinazoline carboxamides as novel, potent inhibitors of the NAD hydrolyzing enzyme CD38: Exploration of the 2-position structure-activity relationships. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:2107-2150. [PMID: 29576271 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Starting from 4-amino-8-quinoline carboxamide lead 1a and scaffold hopping to the chemically more tractable quinazoline, a systematic exploration of the 2-substituents of the quinazoline ring, utilizing structure activity relationships and conformational constraint, resulted in the identification of 39 novel CD38 inhibitors. Eight of these analogs were 10-100-fold more potent human CD38 inhibitors, including the single digit nanomolar inhibitor 1am. Several of these molecules also exhibited improved therapeutic indices relative to hERG activity. A representative analog 1r exhibited suitable pharmacokinetic parameters for in vivo animal studies, including moderate clearance and good oral bioavailability. These inhibitor compounds will aid in the exploration of the enzymatic functions of CD38, as well as furthering the study of the therapeutic implications of NAD enhancement in metabolic disease models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David N Deaton
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
| | - Curt D Haffner
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Brad R Henke
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Michael R Jeune
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Barry G Shearer
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Eugene L Stewart
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - J Darren Stuart
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - John C Ulrich
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Second messenger analogues highlight unexpected substrate sensitivity of CD38: total synthesis of the hybrid "L-cyclic inosine 5'-diphosphate ribose". Sci Rep 2017; 7:16100. [PMID: 29170518 PMCID: PMC5700923 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16388-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The multifunctional, transmembrane glycoprotein human CD38 catalyses the synthesis of three key Ca2+-mobilising messengers, including cyclic adenosine 5′-diphosphate ribose (cADPR), and CD38 knockout studies have revealed the relevance of the related signalling pathways to disease. To generate inhibitors of CD38 by total synthesis, analogues based on the cyclic inosine 5′-diphosphate ribose (cIDPR) template were synthesised. In the first example of a sugar hybrid cIDPR analogue, “L-cIDPR”, the natural “northern” N1-linked D-ribose of cADPR was replaced by L-ribose. L-cIDPR is surprisingly still hydrolysed by CD38, whereas 8-Br-L-cIDPR is not cleaved, even at high enzyme concentrations. Thus, the inhibitory activity of L-cIDPR analogues appears to depend upon substitution of the base at C-8; 8-Br-L-cIDPR and 8-NH2-L-cIDPR inhibit CD38-mediated cADPR hydrolysis (IC50 7 μM and 21 µM respectively) with 8-Br-L-cIDPR over 20-fold more potent than 8-Br-cIDPR. In contrast, L-cIDPR displays a comparative 75-fold reduction in activity, but is only ca 2-fold less potent than cIDPR itself. Molecular modelling was used to explore the interaction of the CD38 catalytic residue Glu-226 with the “northern” ribose. We propose that Glu226 still acts as the catalytic residue even for an L-sugar substrate. 8-Br-L-cIDPR potentially binds non-productively in an upside-down fashion. Results highlight the key role of the “northern” ribose in the interaction of cADPR with CD38.
Collapse
|
12
|
Katsyuba E, Auwerx J. Modulating NAD + metabolism, from bench to bedside. EMBO J 2017; 36:2670-2683. [PMID: 28784597 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201797135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Discovered in the beginning of the 20th century, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) has evolved from a simple oxidoreductase cofactor to being an essential cosubstrate for a wide range of regulatory proteins that include the sirtuin family of NAD+-dependent protein deacylases, widely recognized regulators of metabolic function and longevity. Altered NAD+ metabolism is associated with aging and many pathological conditions, such as metabolic diseases and disorders of the muscular and neuronal systems. Conversely, increased NAD+ levels have shown to be beneficial in a broad spectrum of diseases. Here, we review the fundamental aspects of NAD+ biochemistry and metabolism and discuss how boosting NAD+ content can help ameliorate mitochondrial homeostasis and as such improve healthspan and lifespan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Katsyuba
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Boslett J, Hemann C, Zhao YJ, Lee HC, Zweier JL. Luteolinidin Protects the Postischemic Heart through CD38 Inhibition with Preservation of NAD(P)(H). J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2017; 361:99-108. [PMID: 28108596 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.116.239459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently showed that ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) of the heart causes CD38 activation with resultant depletion of the cardiac NADP(H) pool, which is most marked in the endothelium. This NADP(H) depletion was shown to limit the production of nitric oxide by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), which requires NADPH for nitric oxide production, resulting in greatly altered endothelial function. Therefore, intervention with CD38 inhibitors could reverse postischemic eNOS-mediated endothelial dysfunction. Here, we evaluated the potency of the CD38 inhibitor luteolinidin, an anthocyanidin, at blocking CD38 activity and preserving endothelial and myocardial function in the postischemic heart. Initially, we characterized luteolinidin as a CD38 inhibitor in vitro to determine its potency and mechanism of inhibition. We then tested luteolinidin in the ex vivo isolated heart model, where we determined luteolinidin uptake with aqueous and liposomal delivery methods. Optimal delivery methods were then further tested to determine the effect of luteolinidin on postischemic NAD(P)(H) and tetrahydrobiopterin levels. Finally, through nitric oxide synthase-dependent coronary flow and left ventricular functional measurements, we evaluated the efficacy of luteolinidin to protect vascular and contractile function, respectively, after I/R. With enhanced postischemic preservation of NADPH and tetrahydrobiopterin, there was a dose-dependent effect of luteolinidin on increasing recovery of endothelium-dependent vasodilatory function, as well as enhancing the recovery of left ventricular contractile function with increased myocardial salvage. Thus, luteolinidin is a potent CD38 inhibitor that protects the heart against I/R injury with preservation of eNOS function and prevention of endothelial dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Boslett
- Department of Internal Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (J.B., C.H., J.L.Z.); and Laboratory of Cytophysiology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China (Y.J.Z., H.-C.L.)
| | - Craig Hemann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (J.B., C.H., J.L.Z.); and Laboratory of Cytophysiology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China (Y.J.Z., H.-C.L.)
| | - Yong Juan Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (J.B., C.H., J.L.Z.); and Laboratory of Cytophysiology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China (Y.J.Z., H.-C.L.)
| | - Hon-Cheung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (J.B., C.H., J.L.Z.); and Laboratory of Cytophysiology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China (Y.J.Z., H.-C.L.)
| | - Jay L Zweier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (J.B., C.H., J.L.Z.); and Laboratory of Cytophysiology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China (Y.J.Z., H.-C.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Deshpande DA, Guedes AGP, Lund FE, Subramanian S, Walseth TF, Kannan MS. CD38 in the pathogenesis of allergic airway disease: Potential therapeutic targets. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 172:116-126. [PMID: 27939939 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
CD38 is an ectoenzyme that catalyzes the conversion of β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (β-NAD) to cyclic adenosine diphosphoribose (cADPR) and adenosine diphosphoribose (ADPR) and NADP to nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) and adenosine diphosphoribose-2'-phosphate (ADPR-P). The metabolites of NAD and NADP have roles in calcium signaling in different cell types including airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. In ASM cells, inflammatory cytokines augment CD38 expression and to a greater magnitude in cells from asthmatics, indicating a greater capacity for the generation of cADPR and ADPR in ASM from asthmatics. CD38 deficient mice develop attenuated airway responsiveness to inhaled methacholine following allergen sensitization and challenge compared to wild-type mice indicating its potential role in asthma. Regulation of CD38 expression in ASM cells is achieved by mitogen activated protein kinases, specific isoforms of PI3 kinases, the transcription factors NF-κB and AP-1, and post-transcriptionally by microRNAs. This review will focus on the role of CD38 in intracellular calcium regulation in ASM, contribution to airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness in mouse models of allergic airway inflammation, the transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms of regulation of expression, and outline approaches to inhibit its expression and activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alonso G P Guedes
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, USA
| | - Frances E Lund
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA
| | | | - Timothy F Walseth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, USA
| | - Mathur S Kannan
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sepehri B, Ghavami R. Molecular docking and CoMFA studies of thiazoloquin(az)olin(on)es as CD38 inhibitors: determination of inhibitory mechanism, pharmacophore interactions, and design of new inhibitors. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2016; 35:1890-1898. [PMID: 27577102 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2016.1197152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this research, molecular docking and 3D-QSAR studies were carried out on a series of 79 thiazoloquin(az)olin(on)es as CD38 inhibitors. Based on docking results, four interactions including hydrogen bonding with main chain of GLU-226 (H-M-GLU-226), Van der Waals interactions with side chain of TRP-125 (V-S-TRP-125), TRP-189 (V-S-TRP-189), and THR-221 (V-S-THR-221) were considered as pharmacological interactions. Active conformation of each ligand was extracted from docking studies and was used for carrying out 3D-QSAR modeling. Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) was performed on CD38 inhibitory activities of these compounds on human and mouse. We developed CoMFA models with five components as optimum models for both data-sets. For human data-set, a model with high predictive power was developed. R2, RMSE, and F-test values for training set of this model were .94, .24, and 179.58, respectively, and R2 and RMSE for its test set were .92 and .32, respectively. The q2 and RMSE values for leave-one-out cross validation test on training set were .78 and .46, respectively, that demonstrate created model is robust. Based on extracted steric and electrostatic contour maps for this model, three inhibitors with pIC50 larger than 8.85 were designed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bakhtyar Sepehri
- a Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry , University of Kurdistan , P.O. Box 416 , Sanandaj , Iran
| | - Raouf Ghavami
- a Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry , University of Kurdistan , P.O. Box 416 , Sanandaj , Iran
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
Synthetic compounds open up new avenues to interrogate and manipulate intracellular Ca2+ signalling pathways. They may ultimately lead to drug-like analogues to intervene in disease. Recent advances in chemical biology tools available to probe Ca2+ signalling are described, with a particular focus on those synthetic analogues from our group that have enhanced biological understanding or represent a step towards more drug-like molecules. Adenophostin (AdA) is the most potent known agonist at the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) and synthetic analogues provide a binding model for receptor activation and channel opening. 2-O-Modified inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) derivatives that are partial agonists at the IP3R reveal key conformational changes of the receptor upon ligand binding. Biphenyl polyphosphates illustrate that simple non-inositol surrogates can be engineered to give prototype IP3R agonists or antagonists and act as templates for protein co-crystallization. Cyclic adenosine 5'-diphosphoribose (cADPR) can be selectively modified using total synthesis, generating chemically and biologically stable tools to investigate Ca2+ release via the ryanodine receptor (RyR) and to interfere with cADPR synthesis and degradation. The first neutral analogues with a synthetic pyrophosphate bioisostere surprisingly retain the ability to release Ca2+, suggesting a new route to membrane-permeant tools. Adenosine 5'-diphosphoribose (ADPR) activates the Ca2+-, Na+- and K+-permeable transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) cation channel. Synthetic ADPR analogues provide the first structure-activity relationship (SAR) for this emerging messenger and the first functional antagonists. An analogue based on the nicotinic acid motif of nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) antagonizes NAADP-mediated Ca2+ release in vitro and is effective in vivo against induced heart arrhythmia and autoimmune disease, illustrating the therapeutic potential of targeted small molecules.
Collapse
|
17
|
Becherer JD, Boros EE, Carpenter TY, Cowan DJ, Deaton DN, Haffner CD, Jeune MR, Kaldor IW, Poole JC, Preugschat F, Rheault TR, Schulte CA, Shearer BG, Shearer TW, Shewchuk LM, Smalley TL, Stewart EL, Stuart JD, Ulrich JC. Discovery of 4-Amino-8-quinoline Carboxamides as Novel, Submicromolar Inhibitors of NAD-Hydrolyzing Enzyme CD38. J Med Chem 2015; 58:7021-56. [PMID: 26267483 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Starting from the micromolar 8-quinoline carboxamide high-throughput screening hit 1a, a systematic exploration of the structure-activity relationships (SAR) of the 4-, 6-, and 8-substituents of the quinoline ring resulted in the identification of approximately 10-100-fold more potent human CD38 inhibitors. Several of these molecules also exhibited pharmacokinetic parameters suitable for in vivo animal studies, including low clearances and decent oral bioavailability. Two of these CD38 inhibitors, 1ah and 1ai, were shown to elevate NAD tissue levels in liver and muscle in a diet-induced obese (DIO) C57BL/6 mouse model. These inhibitor tool compounds will enable further biological studies of the CD38 enzyme as well as the investigation of the therapeutic implications of NAD enhancement in disease models of abnormally low NAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J David Becherer
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development , 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Eric E Boros
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development , 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Tiffany Y Carpenter
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development , 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - David J Cowan
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development , 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - David N Deaton
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development , 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Curt D Haffner
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development , 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Michael R Jeune
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development , 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Istvan W Kaldor
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development , 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - J Chuck Poole
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development , 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Frank Preugschat
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development , 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Tara R Rheault
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development , 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Christie A Schulte
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development , 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Barry G Shearer
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development , 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Todd W Shearer
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development , 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Lisa M Shewchuk
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development , 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Terrence L Smalley
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development , 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Eugene L Stewart
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development , 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - J Darren Stuart
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development , 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - John C Ulrich
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development , 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang S, Xue X, Zhang L, Zhang L, Liu Z. Comparative Analysis of Pharmacophore Features and Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships for CD38 Covalent and Non-covalent Inhibitors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2015; 86:1411-24. [PMID: 26072680 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade, the discovery, synthesis, and evaluation for hundreds of CD38 covalent and non-covalent inhibitors has been reported sequentially by our group and partners; however, a systematic structure-based guidance is still lacking for rational design of CD38 inhibitor. Here, we carried out a comparative analysis of pharmacophore features and quantitative structure-activity relationships for CD38 inhibitors. The results uncover that the essential interactions between key residues and covalent/non-covalent CD38 inhibitors include (i) hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interactions with residues Glu226 and Trp125, (ii) electrostatic or hydrogen bond interaction with the positively charged residue Arg127 region, and (iii) the hydrophobic interaction with residue Trp189. For covalent inhibitors, besides the covalent effect with residue Glu226, the electrostatic interaction with residue Arg127 is also necessary, while another hydrogen/non-bonded interaction with residues Trp125 and Trp189 can also be detected. By means of the SYBYL multifit alignment function, the best CoMFA and CoMSIA with CD38 covalent inhibitors presented cross-validated correlation coefficient values (q(2)) of 0.564 and 0.571, and non-cross-validated values (r(2)) of 0.967 and 0.971, respectively. The CD38 non-covalent inhibitors can be classified into five groups according to their chemical scaffolds, and the residues Glu226, Trp189, and Trp125 are indispensable for those non-covalent inhibitors binding to CD38, while the residues Ser126, Arg127, Asp155, Thr221, and Phe222 are also important. The best CoMFA and CoMSIA with the F12 analogues presented cross-validated correlation coefficient values (q(2)) of 0.469 and 0.454, and non-cross-validated values (r(2)) of 0.814 and 0.819, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiwen Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Liangren Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lihe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhenming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cabezas A, Ribeiro JM, Rodrigues JR, López-Villamizar I, Fernández A, Canales J, Pinto RM, Costas MJ, Cameselle JC. Molecular bases of catalysis and ADP-ribose preference of human Mn2+-dependent ADP-ribose/CDP-alcohol diphosphatase and conversion by mutagenesis to a preferential cyclic ADP-ribose phosphohydrolase. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118680. [PMID: 25692488 PMCID: PMC4334965 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Among metallo-dependent phosphatases, ADP-ribose/CDP-alcohol diphosphatases form a protein family (ADPRibase-Mn-like) mainly restricted, in eukaryotes, to vertebrates and plants, with preferential expression, at least in rodents, in immune cells. Rat and zebrafish ADPRibase-Mn, the only biochemically studied, are phosphohydrolases of ADP-ribose and, somewhat less efficiently, of CDP-alcohols and 2´,3´-cAMP. Furthermore, the rat but not the zebrafish enzyme displays a unique phosphohydrolytic activity on cyclic ADP-ribose. The molecular basis of such specificity is unknown. Human ADPRibase-Mn showed similar activities, including cyclic ADP-ribose phosphohydrolase, which seems thus common to mammalian ADPRibase-Mn. Substrate docking on a homology model of human ADPRibase-Mn suggested possible interactions of ADP-ribose with seven residues located, with one exception (Cys253), either within the metallo-dependent phosphatases signature (Gln27, Asn110, His111), or in unique structural regions of the ADPRibase-Mn family: s2s3 (Phe37 and Arg43) and h7h8 (Phe210), around the active site entrance. Mutants were constructed, and kinetic parameters for ADP-ribose, CDP-choline, 2´,3´-cAMP and cyclic ADP-ribose were determined. Phe37 was needed for ADP-ribose preference without catalytic effect, as indicated by the increased ADP-ribose Km and unchanged kcat of F37A-ADPRibase-Mn, while the Km values for the other substrates were little affected. Arg43 was essential for catalysis as indicated by the drastic efficiency loss shown by R43A-ADPRibase-Mn. Unexpectedly, Cys253 was hindering for cADPR phosphohydrolase, as indicated by the specific tenfold gain of efficiency of C253A-ADPRibase-Mn with cyclic ADP-ribose. This allowed the design of a triple mutant (F37A+L196F+C253A) for which cyclic ADP-ribose was the best substrate, with a catalytic efficiency of 3.5´104 M-1s-1 versus 4´103 M-1s-1 of the wild type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Cabezas
- Grupo de Enzimología, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - João Meireles Ribeiro
- Grupo de Enzimología, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Joaquim Rui Rodrigues
- Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Iralis López-Villamizar
- Grupo de Enzimología, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Ascensión Fernández
- Grupo de Enzimología, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - José Canales
- Grupo de Enzimología, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Rosa María Pinto
- Grupo de Enzimología, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - María Jesús Costas
- Grupo de Enzimología, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - José Carlos Cameselle
- Grupo de Enzimología, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Strati P, Abruzzo LV, Wierda WG, O'Brien S, Ferrajoli A, Keating MJ. Second cancers and Richter transformation are the leading causes of death in patients with trisomy 12 chronic lymphocytic leukemia. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2015; 15:420-7. [PMID: 25800543 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trisomy 12 (+12) is detected by fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) analysis in up to 20% of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Patients with +12 are known to have unique features and to carry an intermediate prognosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS In order to better define this large group, we reviewed the characteristics of 250 untreated patients with +12. RESULTS When compared to 516 untreated patients negative for +12 by FISH, patients with +12 showed a higher incidence of thrombocytopenia, Richter transformation, and second malignant neoplasms (SMN), in addition to the expected increased rate of CD38 positivity and atypical immunophenotype. At a median follow-up of 51 months, 57% of patients needed first-line treatment; median time to first treatment was 38 months, and on multivariate analysis (MVA), it was found to be shorter in patients with advanced Rai stage, palpable splenomegaly, and deletion of 14q by conventional cytogenetic analysis. The overall response rate with first-line treatment was 94%. The median failure-free survival has not been reached, but on MVA, it was found to be shorter in patients whose disease responded in a manner other than complete remission or with FISH negativity for deletion 13q. The median overall survival for the entire group has not been reached, but MVA revealed it to be shorter in patients with an absolute lymphocyte count of > 30 × 10(9)/L or who developed SMN. Eighteen deaths have been observed so far, and Richter transformation and SMN were the leading causes of death (3 and 6, respectively). CONCLUSION Patients with +12 CLL show characteristic clinical and biologic features, and may benefit from increased surveillance for second cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Strati
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Lynne V Abruzzo
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - William G Wierda
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Susan O'Brien
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Alessandra Ferrajoli
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Michael J Keating
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Swarbrick J, Graeff R, Zhang H, Thomas MP, Hao Q, Potter BVL. Cyclic adenosine 5'-diphosphate ribose analogs without a "southern" ribose inhibit ADP-ribosyl cyclase-hydrolase CD38. J Med Chem 2014; 57:8517-29. [PMID: 25226087 PMCID: PMC4207131 DOI: 10.1021/jm501037u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic adenosine 5'-diphosphate ribose (cADPR) analogs based on the cyclic inosine 5'-diphosphate ribose (cIDPR) template were synthesized by recently developed stereo- and regioselective N1-ribosylation. Replacing the base N9-ribose with a butyl chain generates inhibitors of cADPR hydrolysis by the human ADP-ribosyl cyclase CD38 catalytic domain (shCD38), illustrating the nonessential nature of the "southern" ribose for binding. Butyl substitution generally improves potency relative to the parent cIDPRs, and 8-amino-N9-butyl-cIDPR is comparable to the best noncovalent CD38 inhibitors to date (IC50 = 3.3 μM). Crystallographic analysis of the shCD38:8-amino-N9-butyl-cIDPR complex to a 2.05 Å resolution unexpectedly reveals an N1-hydrolyzed ligand in the active site, suggesting that it is the N6-imino form of cADPR that is hydrolyzed by CD38. While HPLC studies confirm ligand cleavage at very high protein concentrations, they indicate that hydrolysis does not occur under physiological concentrations. Taken together, these analogs confirm that the "northern" ribose is critical for CD38 activity and inhibition, provide new insight into the mechanism of cADPR hydrolysis by CD38, and may aid future inhibitor design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna
M. Swarbrick
- Wolfson
Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Graeff
- Department
of Physiology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongmin Zhang
- Department
of Physiology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mark P. Thomas
- Wolfson
Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Quan Hao
- Department
of Physiology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Barry V. L. Potter
- Wolfson
Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom,Phone: ++44-1225-386639. Fax: ++44-1225-386114. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
The enzymatic activities of CD38 enhance CLL growth and trafficking: implications for therapeutic targeting. Leukemia 2014; 29:356-68. [PMID: 24990614 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2014.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The ecto-enzyme CD38 is gaining momentum as a novel therapeutic target for patients with hematological malignancies, with several anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies in clinical trials with promising results. In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) CD38 is a marker of unfavorable prognosis and a central factor in the pathogenetic network underlying the disease: activation of CD38 regulates genetic pathways involved in proliferation and movement. Here we show that CD38 is enzymatically active in primary CLL cells and that its forced expression increases disease aggressiveness in a xenograft model. The effect is completely lost when using an enzyme-deficient version of CD38 with a single amino-acid mutation. Through the enzymatic conversion of NAD into ADPR (ADP-ribose) and cADPR (cyclic ADP-ribose), CD38 increases cytoplasmic Ca(2+) concentrations, positively influencing proliferation and signaling mediated via chemokine receptors or integrins. Consistently, inhibition of the enzymatic activities of CD38 using the flavonoid kuromanin blocks CLL chemotaxis, adhesion and in vivo homing. In a short-term xenograft model using primary cells, kuromanin treatment traps CLL cells in the blood, thereby increasing responses to chemotherapy. These results suggest that monoclonal antibodies that block the enzymatic activities of CD38 or enzyme inhibitors may prove therapeutically useful.
Collapse
|
23
|
Swarbrick JM, Graeff R, Garnham C, Thomas MP, Galione A, Potter BVL. 'Click cyclic ADP-ribose': a neutral second messenger mimic. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:2458-61. [PMID: 24452494 PMCID: PMC4047616 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc49249d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Analogues of the potent Ca(2+) releasing second messenger cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) with a 1,2,3-triazole pyrophosphate bioisostere were synthesised by click-mediated macrocyclisation. The ability to activate Ca(2+) release was surprisingly retained, and hydrolysis of cADPR by CD38 could also be inhibited, illustrating the potential of this approach to design drug-like signalling pathway modulators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna M. Swarbrick
- Wolfson Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry , Dept. of Pharmacy and Pharmacology , University of Bath , Bath , BA2 7AY , UK . ; Fax: +44-(0)1225-386114 ; Tel: +44-(0)1225-386639
| | - Richard Graeff
- Department of Physiology , University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Clive Garnham
- Department of Pharmacology , University of Oxford , Mansfield Road , Oxford OX1 3QT , UK
| | - Mark P. Thomas
- Wolfson Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry , Dept. of Pharmacy and Pharmacology , University of Bath , Bath , BA2 7AY , UK . ; Fax: +44-(0)1225-386114 ; Tel: +44-(0)1225-386639
| | - Antony Galione
- Department of Pharmacology , University of Oxford , Mansfield Road , Oxford OX1 3QT , UK
| | | |
Collapse
|