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Hernández-Sánchez IE, Maruri-López I, Martinez-Martinez C, Janis B, Jiménez-Bremont JF, Covarrubias AA, Menze MA, Graether SP, Thalhammer A. LEAfing through literature: late embryogenesis abundant proteins coming of age-achievements and perspectives. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:6525-6546. [PMID: 35793147 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To deal with increasingly severe periods of dehydration related to global climate change, it becomes increasingly important to understand the complex strategies many organisms have developed to cope with dehydration and desiccation. While it is undisputed that late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins play a key role in the tolerance of plants and many anhydrobiotic organisms to water limitation, the molecular mechanisms are not well understood. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of the physiological roles of LEA proteins and discuss their potential molecular functions. As these are ultimately linked to conformational changes in the presence of binding partners, post-translational modifications, or water deprivation, we provide a detailed summary of current knowledge on the structure-function relationship of LEA proteins, including their disordered state in solution, coil to helix transitions, self-assembly, and their recently discovered ability to undergo liquid-liquid phase separation. We point out the promising potential of LEA proteins in biotechnological and agronomic applications, and summarize recent advances. We identify the most relevant open questions and discuss major challenges in establishing a solid understanding of how these intriguing molecules accomplish their tasks as cellular sentinels at the limits of surviving water scarcity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itzell E Hernández-Sánchez
- Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Israel Maruri-López
- Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Coral Martinez-Martinez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62210, Mexico
| | - Brett Janis
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Juan Francisco Jiménez-Bremont
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular de Plantas, División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Alejandra A Covarrubias
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62210, Mexico
| | - Michael A Menze
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Steffen P Graether
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anja Thalhammer
- Department of Physical Biochemistry, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
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BpTCP3 Transcription Factor Improves Salt Tolerance of Betula platyphylla by Reducing Reactive Oxygen Species Damage. FORESTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/f12121633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The plant-specific transcription factors TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLO IDEA/PROLIFERATING CELL FACTOR1 (TCP) act as developmental regulators that have many roles in the growth and development processes throughout the entire life span of plants. TCP transcription factors are responsive to endogenous and environmental signals, such as salt stress. However, studies on the role of the TCP genes in salt stress response have rarely focused on woody plants, especially forest trees. In this study, the BpTCP3 gene, a CYC/TB1 subfamily member, isolated from Betula platyphylla Sukaczev, was significantly influenced by salt stress. The β-glucuronidase (GUS) staining analysis of transgenic B. platyphylla harboring the BpTCP3 promoter fused to the reporter gene GUS (pBpTCP3::GUS) further confirmed that the BpTCP3 gene acts a positive regulatory position in salt stress. Under salt stress, we found that the BpTCP3 overexpressed lines had increased relative/absolute high growth but decreased salt damage index, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels versus wild-type (WT) plants. Conversely, the BpTCP3 suppressed lines exhibited sensitivity to salt stress. These results indicate that the BpTCP3 transcription factor improves the salt tolerance of B. platyphylla by reducing reactive oxygen species damage, which provides useful clues for the functions of the CYC/TB1 subfamily gene in the salt stress response of B. platyphylla.
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Abdul Aziz M, Sabeem M, Mullath SK, Brini F, Masmoudi K. Plant Group II LEA Proteins: Intrinsically Disordered Structure for Multiple Functions in Response to Environmental Stresses. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1662. [PMID: 34827660 PMCID: PMC8615533 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to various environmental stresses, plants have evolved a wide range of defense mechanisms, resulting in the overexpression of a series of stress-responsive genes. Among them, there is certain set of genes that encode for intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) that repair and protect the plants from damage caused by environmental stresses. Group II LEA (late embryogenesis abundant) proteins compose the most abundant and characterized group of IDPs; they accumulate in the late stages of seed development and are expressed in response to dehydration, salinity, low temperature, or abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. The physiological and biochemical characterization of group II LEA proteins has been carried out in a number of investigations because of their vital roles in protecting the integrity of biomolecules by preventing the crystallization of cellular components prior to multiple stresses. This review describes the distribution, structural architecture, and genomic diversification of group II LEA proteins, with some recent investigations on their regulation and molecular expression under various abiotic stresses. Novel aspects of group II LEA proteins in Phoenix dactylifera and in orthodox seeds are also presented. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) indicated a ubiquitous distribution and expression of group II LEA genes in different plant cells. In vitro experimental evidence from biochemical assays has suggested that group II LEA proteins perform heterogenous functions in response to extreme stresses. Various investigations have indicated the participation of group II LEA proteins in the plant stress tolerance mechanism, spotlighting the molecular aspects of group II LEA genes and their potential role in biotechnological strategies to increase plants' survival in adverse environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mughair Abdul Aziz
- Integrative Agriculture Department, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; (M.A.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Miloofer Sabeem
- Integrative Agriculture Department, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; (M.A.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Sangeeta Kutty Mullath
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur 680656, India;
| | - Faical Brini
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, B.P 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia;
| | - Khaled Masmoudi
- Integrative Agriculture Department, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; (M.A.A.); (M.S.)
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4
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Li H, Yang Y, Wang H, Liu S, Jia F, Su Y, Li S, He F, Feng C, Niu M, Wang J, Liu C, Yin W, Xia X. The Receptor-Like Kinase ERECTA Confers Improved Water Use Efficiency and Drought Tolerance to Poplar via Modulating Stomatal Density. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147245. [PMID: 34298865 PMCID: PMC8303786 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Poplar is one of the most important tree species in the north temperate zone, but poplar plantations are quite water intensive. We report here that CaMV 35S promoter-driven overexpression of the PdERECTA gene, which is a member of the LRR-RLKs family from Populus nigra × (Populus deltoides × Populus nigra), improves water use efficiency and enhances drought tolerance in triploid white poplar. PdERECTA localizes to the plasma membrane. Overexpression plants showed lower stomatal density and larger stomatal size. The abaxial stomatal density was 24-34% lower and the stomatal size was 12-14% larger in overexpression lines. Reduced stomatal density led to a sharp restriction of transpiration, which was about 18-35% lower than the control line, and instantaneous water use efficiency was around 14-63% higher in overexpression lines under different conditions. These phenotypic changes led to increased drought tolerance. PdERECTA overexpression plants not only survived longer after stopping watering but also performed better when supplied with limited water, as they had better physical and photosynthesis conditions, faster growth rate, and higher biomass accumulation. Taken together, our data suggest that PdERECTA can alter the development pattern of stomata to reduce stomatal density, which then restricts water consumption, conferring enhanced drought tolerance to poplar. This makes PdERECTA trees promising candidates for establishing more water use efficient plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xinli Xia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-6233-6400
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Tan F, Sun N, Zhang L, Wu J, Xiao S, Tan Q, Uversky VN, Liu Y. Functional characterization of an unknown soybean intrinsically disordered protein in vitro and in Escherichia coli. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 166:538-549. [PMID: 33137381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) possess a wide range of biological function in all organisms, however the specific functions of most IDPs are still unknown. Soybean LOC protein, LOC for short, is a heat-stable protein, which is more abundant in the stress-resistant radicles. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis showed that LOC is a functionally unknown protein and conserved in Fabaceae. LOC, being enriched in most disorder-promoting residues and depleted in most order-promoting residues, was predicted to contain high levels of intrinsic disorder by several commonly used computational tools. However, it was also predicted to contain two disorder-based protein-protein binding sites and two short α-helical segments. The circular dichroism spectroscopic analysis showed that this protein is mostly disordered in water, but can form more α-helical structure in the presence of SDS and TFE. Functional in vitro studies showed that the LOC protein is able to prevent lactate dehydrogenase inactivation by freeze-thaw at a molar ratio of 10:1. Furthermore, in vivo analyses revealed the survival rate of Escherichia coli over-expressing LOC protein under the conditions of osmotic stress was noticeably increased in comparison with the control. These observations suggest that the intrinsically disordered protein LOC might serve as a chaperone and/or cell protector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangmei Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
| | - Nan Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
| | - Linsong Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
| | - Jiahui Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
| | - Shifeng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
| | - Qiulong Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd. MDC07, Tampa, Florida, USA; Laboratory of New Methods in Biology, Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center "Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Pushchino, Moscow, region, Russia.
| | - Yun Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China.
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Tiwari P, Chakrabarty D. Dehydrin in the past four decades: From chaperones to transcription co-regulators in regulating abiotic stress response. CURRENT RESEARCH IN BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crbiot.2021.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Sofy MR, Elhawat N. Glycine betaine counters salinity stress by maintaining high K +/Na + ratio and antioxidant defense via limiting Na + uptake in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 200:110732. [PMID: 32460049 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the role of exogenous glycine betaine (25 and 50 mM GB at a rate of 50 mL per plant) in enhancing NaCl-stress tolerance in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Irrigating plants by simulated saline water, containing 0, 50 and 100 mM sodium chloride (NaCl), significantly reduced the growth dynamics, photosynthetic pigments (i.e., Chl a, Chl b, and carotenoids), membrane stability index (MSI), relative water content (RWC), and pod yield. While, malondialdehyde (MDA), endogenous proline, and glutathione contents, electrolyte leakage (EL), antioxidant defense system, and Na+ accumulation markedly increased upon exposure to NaCl-stress. However, the application of exogenous GB significantly improved salt tolerance of common bean as it increased the antioxidant defense including both enzymatic (i.e., peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase) and nonenzymatic (i.e., proline and glutathione) agents. Consequently, MSI, RWC, EL, and photosynthetic pigments have been improved recording significantly higher values than the control. Moreover, the pod yield increased by 29.8 and 59.4% when plants grown under 50 and 100 mM NaCl, respectively, were sprayed with 25 mM GB. Our results show that GB-induced slat tolerance in common bean plants mainly depends on the osmoregulation effect of GB and to a lesser extent on its antioxidant capacity. Foliar application of GB significantly reduced the accumulation of Na+ and at the same time induced K+ uptake maintaining a higher K+/Na+ ratio. Despite some changes in the activities of antioxidant enzymes induced by the application of GB, no consistent contribution in the salt tolerance could be cited in this study. Therefore, we suggest that salt tolerance is largely unrelated to the antioxidant defense ability of GB in common bean. While the potential role of GB in ameliorating salt tolerance is mainly due to the adjustment of ions uptake through limiting Na+ uptake and alternatively increasing K+ accumulation in plant tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud R Sofy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 11884, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Nevien Elhawat
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Home Economic, Al-Azhar University, 31732, Tanta, Egypt; Agricultural Botany, Plant Physiology and Biotechnology Department, University of Debrecen, AGTC, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
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8
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Ye Y, Wang J, Wang W, Xu LA. ARF family identification in Tamarix chinensis reveals the salt responsive expression of TcARF6 targeted by miR167. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8829. [PMID: 32219037 PMCID: PMC7085291 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Auxin response factors (ARFs) are important transcription factors (TFs) that are differentially expressed in response to various abiotic stresses. The important roles of ARFs and small RNA-ARF pathways in mediating plant growth and stress responses have emerged in several recent studies. However, no studies on the involvement of ARFs in tamarisk trees, which are resistant to salinity, have been conducted. In this study, systematic analysis revealed 12 TcARF genes belonging to five different groups in Tamarix chinensis. The microRNA response elements of miR160, which belongs to group I and miR167, which belongs to group III, were conserved in terms of their location and sequence. Moreover, digital gene expression profiles suggested that a potential miR167 target gene, TcARF6, was rapidly expressed in response to salt stress. Cloning of TcARF6 revealed that TcARF6 could be an activation TF with a glutamine-rich region and expression pattern analysis revealed that the expression of TcARF6 was significantly downregulated specifically in the roots. A significant negative correlation in the expression pattern of tch-miR167/TcARF6 indicated that this module may play a key role in the response to salt stress. Overall, these results provide basic information on the posttranscriptional regulation of TcARF6 for future investigations of the T. chinensis salt-stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youju Ye
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianwen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li-An Xu
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Swaminathan P, Ohrtman M, Carinder A, Deuja A, Wang C, Gaskin J, Fennell A, Clay S. Water Deficit Transcriptomic Responses Differ in the Invasive Tamarix chinensis and T. ramosissima Established in the Southern and Northern United States. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9010086. [PMID: 31936615 PMCID: PMC7020488 DOI: 10.3390/plants9010086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Tamarix spp. (saltcedar) were introduced from Asia to the southern United States as windbreak and ornamental plants and have spread into natural areas. This study determined differential gene expression responses to water deficit (WD) in seedlings of T. chinensis and T. ramosissima from established invasive stands in New Mexico and Montana, respectively. A reference de novo transcriptome was developed using RNA sequences from WD and well-watered samples. Blast2GO analysis of the resulting 271,872 transcripts yielded 89,389 homologs. The reference Tamarix (Tamaricaceae, Carophyllales order) transcriptome showed homology with 14,247 predicted genes of the Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris (Amaranthaceae, Carophyllales order) genome assembly. T. ramosissima took longer to show water stress symptoms than T. chinensis. There were 2068 and 669 differentially expressed genes (DEG) in T. chinensis and T. ramosissima, respectively; 332 were DEG in common between the two species. Network analysis showed large biological process networks of similar gene content for each of the species under water deficit. Two distinct molecular function gene ontology networks (binding and transcription factor-related) encompassing multiple up-regulated transcription factors (MYB, NAC, and WRKY) and a cellular components network containing many down-regulated photosynthesis-related genes were identified in T. chinensis, in contrast to one small molecular function network in T. ramosissima.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmapriya Swaminathan
- Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; (P.S.); (M.O.); (A.C.); (A.D.); (C.W.)
- BioSystems Networks/Translational Research, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Michelle Ohrtman
- Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; (P.S.); (M.O.); (A.C.); (A.D.); (C.W.)
| | - Abigail Carinder
- Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; (P.S.); (M.O.); (A.C.); (A.D.); (C.W.)
| | - Anup Deuja
- Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; (P.S.); (M.O.); (A.C.); (A.D.); (C.W.)
| | - Cankun Wang
- Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; (P.S.); (M.O.); (A.C.); (A.D.); (C.W.)
| | - John Gaskin
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory, Sidney, MT 59270, USA;
| | - Anne Fennell
- Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; (P.S.); (M.O.); (A.C.); (A.D.); (C.W.)
- BioSystems Networks/Translational Research, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (S.C.); Tel.: +1-605-688-6373 (A.F.)
| | - Sharon Clay
- Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; (P.S.); (M.O.); (A.C.); (A.D.); (C.W.)
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (S.C.); Tel.: +1-605-688-6373 (A.F.)
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Zhang X, Liu L, Chen B, Qin Z, Xiao Y, Zhang Y, Yao R, Liu H, Yang H. Progress in Understanding the Physiological and Molecular Responses of Populus to Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061312. [PMID: 30875897 PMCID: PMC6471404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt stress (SS) has become an important factor limiting afforestation programs. Because of their salt tolerance and fully sequenced genomes, poplars (Populus spp.) are used as model species to study SS mechanisms in trees. Here, we review recent insights into the physiological and molecular responses of Populus to SS, including ion homeostasis and signaling pathways, such as the salt overly sensitive (SOS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) pathways. We summarize the genes that can be targeted for the genetic improvement of salt tolerance and propose future research areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Timber Trees Resource Cultivation, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, 23 Yongwu Road, Nanning 530002, China.
| | - Lijun Liu
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration for Silviculture of the lower Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China.
| | - Bowen Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Timber Trees Resource Cultivation, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, 23 Yongwu Road, Nanning 530002, China.
| | - Zihai Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Timber Trees Resource Cultivation, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, 23 Yongwu Road, Nanning 530002, China.
| | - Yufei Xiao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Timber Trees Resource Cultivation, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, 23 Yongwu Road, Nanning 530002, China.
| | - Ye Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Timber Trees Resource Cultivation, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, 23 Yongwu Road, Nanning 530002, China.
| | - Ruiling Yao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Timber Trees Resource Cultivation, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, 23 Yongwu Road, Nanning 530002, China.
| | - Hailong Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Timber Trees Resource Cultivation, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, 23 Yongwu Road, Nanning 530002, China.
| | - Hong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming 650201, China.
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Overexpression of PeHKT1;1 Improves Salt Tolerance in Populus. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9100475. [PMID: 30274294 PMCID: PMC6210203 DOI: 10.3390/genes9100475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil salinization is an increasingly serious threat that limits plant growth and development. Class I transporters of the high-affinity K+ transporter (HKT) family have been demonstrated to be involved in salt tolerance by contributing to Na+ exclusion from roots and shoots. Here, we isolated the PeHKT1;1 gene from hybrid poplar based on the sequences of the Populus trichocarpa genome. The full-length PeHKT1;1 gene was 2173 bp, including a 1608 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 535 amino acids and containing eight distinct transmembrane domains. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis suggested that the PeHKT1;1 protein had a typical S–G–G–G signature for the P-loop domains and belonged to class I of HKT transporters. PeHKT1;1 transcripts were mainly detected in stem and root, and were remarkably induced by salt stress treatment. In further characterization of its functions, overexpression of PeHKT1;1 in Populus davidiana × Populus bolleana resulted in a better relative growth rate in phenotypic analysis, including root and plant height, and exhibited higher catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities than non-transgenic poplar under salt stress conditions. These observations indicated that PeHKT1;1 may enhance salt tolerance by improving the efficiency of antioxidant systems. Together, these data suggest that PeHKT1;1 plays an important role in response to salt stress in Populus.
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12
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Hydrogen Peroxide Response in Leaves of Poplar (Populus simonii × Populus nigra) Revealed from Physiological and Proteomic Analyses. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102085. [PMID: 28974034 PMCID: PMC5666767 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is one of the most abundant reactive oxygen species (ROS), which plays dual roles as a toxic byproduct of cell metabolism and a regulatory signal molecule in plant development and stress response. Populus simonii × Populus nigra is an important cultivated forest species with resistance to cold, drought, insect and disease, and also a key model plant for forest genetic engineering. In this study, H₂O₂ response in P. simonii × P. nigra leaves was investigated using physiological and proteomics approaches. The seedlings of 50-day-old P. simonii × P. nigra under H₂O₂ stress exhibited stressful phenotypes, such as increase of in vivo H₂O₂ content, decrease of photosynthetic rate, elevated osmolytes, antioxidant accumulation, as well as increased activities of several ROS scavenging enzymes. Besides, 81 H₂O₂-responsive proteins were identified in the poplar leaves. The diverse abundant patterns of these proteins highlight the H₂O₂-responsive pathways in leaves, including 14-3-3 protein and nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK)-mediated signaling, modulation of thylakoid membrane structure, enhancement of various ROS scavenging pathways, decrease of photosynthesis, dynamics of proteins conformation, and changes in carbohydrate and other metabolisms. This study provides valuable information for understanding H₂O₂-responsive mechanisms in leaves of P. simonii × P. nigra.
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Zhao X, Zheng T, Shao L, Xiao Z, Wang F, Li S, Zang L, Zheng M, Li Y, Qu GZ. Variation Analysis of Physiological Traits in Betula platyphylla Overexpressing TaLEA-ThbZIP Gene under Salt Stress. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164820. [PMID: 27802286 PMCID: PMC5089751 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether transgenic birch (Betula platyphylla) ectopic overexpressing a late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) gene and a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) gene from the salt-tolerant genus Tamarix (salt cedar) show increased tolerance to salt (NaCl) stress. Co-transfer of TaLEA and ThbZIP in birch under the control of two independent CaMV 35S promoters significantly enhanced salt stress. PCR and northern blot analyses indicated that the two genes were ectopically overexpressed in several dual-gene transgenic birch lines. We compared the effects of salt stress among three transgenic birch lines (L-4, L-5, and L-8) and wild type (WT). In all lines, the net photosynthesis values were higher before salt stress treatment than afterwards. After the salt stress treatment, the transgenic lines L-4 and L-8 showed higher values for photosynthetic traits, chlorophyll fluorescence, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities, and lower malondialdehyde and Na+ contents, compared with those in WT and L-5. These different responses to salt stress suggested that the transcriptional level of the TaLEA and ThbZIP genes differed among the transgenic lines, resulting in a variety of genetic and phenotypic effects. The results of this research can provide a theoretical basis for the genetic engineering of salt-tolerant trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Tangchun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Longting Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Zhenhai Xiao
- Tree Seedling Management Station, Forestry Department of Jilin Province, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Fuwei Wang
- Tree Seedling Management Station, Forestry Department of Jilin Province, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Shuchun Li
- Tree Seedling Management Station, Forestry Department of Jilin Province, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Lina Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Mi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Guan-Zheng Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
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Wojtyla Ł, Lechowska K, Kubala S, Garnczarska M. Molecular processes induced in primed seeds-increasing the potential to stabilize crop yields under drought conditions. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 203:116-126. [PMID: 27174076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Environmental stress factors such as drought, salinity, temperature extremes and rising CO2 negatively affect crop growth and productivity. Faced with the scarcity of water resources, drought is the most critical threat to world food security. This is particularly important in the context of climate change and an increasing world population. Seed priming is a very promising strategy in modern crop production management. Although it has been known for several years that seed priming can enhance seed quality and the effectiveness of stress responses of germinating seeds and seedlings, the molecular mechanisms involved in the acquisition of stress tolerance by primed seeds in the germination process and subsequent plant growth remain poorly understood. This review provides an overview of the metabolic changes modulated by priming, such as the activation of DNA repair and the antioxidant system, accumulation of aquaporins and late embryogenesis abundant proteins that contribute to enhanced drought stress tolerance. Moreover, the phenomenon of "priming memory," which is established during priming and can be recruited later when seeds or plants are exposed to stress, is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Wojtyla
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, ul. Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Lechowska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, ul. Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Szymon Kubala
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, ul. Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Garnczarska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, ul. Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
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Wang F, Kong W, Wong G, Fu L, Peng R, Li Z, Yao Q. AtMYB12 regulates flavonoids accumulation and abiotic stress tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. Mol Genet Genomics 2016; 291:1545-59. [PMID: 27033553 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-016-1203-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In plants, transcriptional regulation is the most important tool for modulating flavonoid biosynthesis. The AtMYB12 gene from Arabidopsis thaliana has been shown to regulate the expression of key enzyme genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, leading to the increased accumulation of flavonoids. In this study, the codon-optimized AtMYB12 gene was chemically synthesized. Subcellular localization analysis in onion epidermal cells indicated that AtMYB12 was localized to the nucleus. Its overexpression significantly increased accumulation of flavonoids and enhanced salt and drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that overexpression of AtMYB12 resulted in the up-regulation of genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis, proline biosynthesis, stress responses and ROS scavenging under salt and drought stresses. Further analyses under salt and drought stresses showed significant increases of ABA, proline content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities, as well as significant reduction of H2O2 and malonaldehyde (MDA) content. The results demonstrate the explicit role of AtMYB12 in conferring salt and drought tolerance by increasing the levels of flavonoids and ABA in transgenic Arabidopsis. The AtMYB12 gene has the potential to be used to enhance tolerance to abiotic stresses in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feibing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Breeding, Biotech Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Weili Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Gary Wong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Lifeng Fu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Rihe Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Breeding, Biotech Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Zhenjun Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Breeding, Biotech Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Quanhong Yao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Breeding, Biotech Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China.
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Wang F, Tong W, Zhu H, Kong W, Peng R, Liu Q, Yao Q. A novel Cys2/His2 zinc finger protein gene from sweetpotato, IbZFP1, is involved in salt and drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. PLANTA 2016; 243:783-97. [PMID: 26691387 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-015-2443-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
IbZFP1, encoding a Cys 2/His 2 zinc finger protein gene from sweetpotato, enhances salt and drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis by regulating ABA signaling pathway, proline biosynthesis, stress responses and ROS scavenging. In plants, Cys2/His2 zinc finger proteins play important roles in regulating the growth and development or responses to abiotic stresses. In this study, a novel Cys2/His2 zinc finger protein gene, named IbZFP1, was isolated from drought-tolerant sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] line Xu55-2. Subcellular localization analysis in onion epidermal cells indicated that IbZFP1 was localized to the nucleus. Expression analysis in yeast showed that the full length of IbZFP1 exhibited transcriptional activation. Expression of IbZFP1 was induced by NaCl, polyethylene glycol and abscisic acid (ABA). Overexpression of IbZFP1 significantly enhanced salt and drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that overexpression of IbZFP1 up-regulated the genes involved in ABA signaling pathway, proline biosynthesis, stress responses, and ROS scavenging under salt and drought stresses. Meanwhile, Western blot and enzymatic analyses showed that the activities of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase, pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and peroxidase were also increased. Further component analyses indicated that the significant increase of ABA, proline, soluble sugar and total chlorophyll content and the significant reduction of H2O2 and malonaldehyde content were observed under salt and drought stresses. In addition, the rates of electrolyte leakage and water loss were reduced in transgenic plants. The overall results demonstrate the explicit role of IbZFP1 in conferring salt and drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. The IbZFP1 gene has the potential to be used to enhance the tolerance to abiotic stresses in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feibing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Breeding, Biotech Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Wenjie Tong
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Weili Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Rihe Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Breeding, Biotech Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Qingchang Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Quanhong Yao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Breeding, Biotech Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China.
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Wang F, Tong W, Zhu H, Kong W, Peng R, Liu Q, Yao Q. A novel Cys2/His2 zinc finger protein gene from sweetpotato, IbZFP1, is involved in salt and drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. PLANTA 2016; 243:783-797. [PMID: 26691387 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-015-2443-2449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
IbZFP1, encoding a Cys 2/His 2 zinc finger protein gene from sweetpotato, enhances salt and drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis by regulating ABA signaling pathway, proline biosynthesis, stress responses and ROS scavenging. In plants, Cys2/His2 zinc finger proteins play important roles in regulating the growth and development or responses to abiotic stresses. In this study, a novel Cys2/His2 zinc finger protein gene, named IbZFP1, was isolated from drought-tolerant sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] line Xu55-2. Subcellular localization analysis in onion epidermal cells indicated that IbZFP1 was localized to the nucleus. Expression analysis in yeast showed that the full length of IbZFP1 exhibited transcriptional activation. Expression of IbZFP1 was induced by NaCl, polyethylene glycol and abscisic acid (ABA). Overexpression of IbZFP1 significantly enhanced salt and drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that overexpression of IbZFP1 up-regulated the genes involved in ABA signaling pathway, proline biosynthesis, stress responses, and ROS scavenging under salt and drought stresses. Meanwhile, Western blot and enzymatic analyses showed that the activities of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase, pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and peroxidase were also increased. Further component analyses indicated that the significant increase of ABA, proline, soluble sugar and total chlorophyll content and the significant reduction of H2O2 and malonaldehyde content were observed under salt and drought stresses. In addition, the rates of electrolyte leakage and water loss were reduced in transgenic plants. The overall results demonstrate the explicit role of IbZFP1 in conferring salt and drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. The IbZFP1 gene has the potential to be used to enhance the tolerance to abiotic stresses in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feibing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Breeding, Biotech Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Wenjie Tong
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Weili Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Rihe Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Breeding, Biotech Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Qingchang Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Quanhong Yao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Breeding, Biotech Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China.
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Zhai H, Wang F, Si Z, Huo J, Xing L, An Y, He S, Liu Q. A myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase gene, IbMIPS1, enhances salt and drought tolerance and stem nematode resistance in transgenic sweet potato. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2016; 14:592-602. [PMID: 26011089 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase (MIPS) is a key rate limiting enzyme in myo-inositol biosynthesis. The MIPS gene has been shown to improve tolerance to abiotic stresses in several plant species. However, its role in resistance to biotic stresses has not been reported. In this study, we found that expression of the sweet potato IbMIPS1 gene was induced by NaCl, polyethylene glycol (PEG), abscisic acid (ABA) and stem nematodes. Its overexpression significantly enhanced stem nematode resistance as well as salt and drought tolerance in transgenic sweet potato under field conditions. Transcriptome and real-time quantitative PCR analyses showed that overexpression of IbMIPS1 up-regulated the genes involved in inositol biosynthesis, phosphatidylinositol (PI) and ABA signalling pathways, stress responses, photosynthesis and ROS-scavenging system under salt, drought and stem nematode stresses. Inositol, inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3 ), phosphatidic acid (PA), Ca(2+) , ABA, K(+) , proline and trehalose content was significantly increased, whereas malonaldehyde (MDA), Na(+) and H2 O2 content was significantly decreased in the transgenic plants under salt and drought stresses. After stem nematode infection, the significant increase of inositol, IP3 , PA, Ca(2+) , ABA, callose and lignin content and significant reduction of MDA content were found, and a rapid increase of H2 O2 levels was observed, peaked at 1 to 2 days and thereafter declined in the transgenic plants. This study indicates that the IbMIPS1 gene has the potential to be used to improve the resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Feibing Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zengzhi Si
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinxi Huo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Xing
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan An
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaozhen He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingchang Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Sarkar T, Thankappan R, Kumar A, Mishra GP, Dobaria JR. Stress Inducible Expression of AtDREB1A Transcription Factor in Transgenic Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Conferred Tolerance to Soil-Moisture Deficit Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:935. [PMID: 27446163 PMCID: PMC4923254 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Peanut, an important oilseed crop, is gaining priority for the development of drought tolerant genotypes in recent times, since the area under drought is constantly on the rise. To achieve this, one of the important strategies is to genetically engineer the ruling peanut varieties using transcription factor regulating the expression of several downstream, abiotic-stress responsive gene(s). In this study, eight independent transgenic peanut (cv. GG20) lines were developed using AtDREB1A gene, encoding for a transcription factor, through Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. The transgene insertion was confirmed in (T0) using PCR and Dot-blot analysis, while copy-number(s) was ascertained using Southern-blot analysis. The inheritance of AtDREB1A gene in individual transgenic plants (T1 and T2) was confirmed using PCR. In homozygous transgenic plants (T2), under soil-moisture deficit stress, elevated level of AtDREB1A transgene expression was observed by RT-PCR assay. The transgenic plants at 45-d or reproductive growth stage showed tolerance to severe soil-moisture deficit stress. Physio-biochemical parameters such as proline content, osmotic potential, relative water content, electrolytic leakage, and total-chlorophyll content were found positively correlated with growth-related traits without any morphological abnormality, when compared to wild-type. qPCR analysis revealed consistent increase in expression of AtDREB1A gene under progressive soil-moisture deficit stress in two homozygous transgenic plants. The transgene expression showed significant correlation with improved physio-biochemical traits. The improvement of drought-stress tolerance in combination with improved growth-related traits is very essential criterion for a premium peanut cultivar like GG20, so that marginal farmers of India can incur the economic benefits during seasonal drought and water scarcity.
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20
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Xiang Y, Lu YH, Song M, Wang Y, Xu W, Wu L, Wang H, Ma Z. Overexpression of a Triticum aestivum Calreticulin gene (TaCRT1) Improves Salinity Tolerance in Tobacco. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140591. [PMID: 26469859 PMCID: PMC4607401 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Calreticulin (CRT) is a highly conserved and abundant multifunctional protein that is encoded by a small gene family and is often associated with abiotic/biotic stress responses in plants. However, the roles played by this protein in salt stress responses in wheat (Triticum aestivum) remain obscure. In this study, three TaCRT genes were identified in wheat and named TaCRT1, TaCRT2 and TaCRT3-1 based on their sequence characteristics and their high homology to other known CRT genes. Quantitative real-time PCR expression data revealed that these three genes exhibit different expression patterns in different tissues and are strongly induced under salt stress in wheat. The calcium-binding properties of the purified recombinant TaCRT1 protein were determined using a PIPES/Arsenazo III analysis. TaCRT1 gene overexpression in Nicotiana tabacum decreased salt stress damage in transgenic tobacco plants. Physiological measurements indicated that transgenic tobacco plants showed higher activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) than non-transgenic tobacco under normal growth conditions. Interestingly, overexpression of the entire TaCRT1 gene or of partial TaCRT1 segments resulted in significantly higher tolerance to salt stress in transgenic plants compared with their WT counterparts, thus revealing the essential role of the C-domain of TaCRT1 in countering salt stress in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiang
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
- Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Center and National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Hai Lu
- College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Min Song
- Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Center and National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Qufu Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Qufu, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Center and National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenqi Xu
- Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Center and National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lintao Wu
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Hancheng Wang
- Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Center and National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengqiang Ma
- Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Center and National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Polle A, Chen S. On the salty side of life: molecular, physiological and anatomical adaptation and acclimation of trees to extreme habitats. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2015; 38:1794-816. [PMID: 25159181 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/17/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Saline and sodic soils that cannot be used for agriculture occur worldwide. Cultivating stress-tolerant trees to obtain biomass from salinized areas has been suggested. Various tree species of economic importance for fruit, fibre and timber production exhibit high salinity tolerance. Little is known about the mechanisms enabling tree crops to cope with high salinity for extended periods. Here, the molecular, physiological and anatomical adjustments underlying salt tolerance in glycophytic and halophytic model tree species, such as Populus euphratica in terrestrial habitats, and mangrove species along coastlines are reviewed. Key mechanisms that have been identified as mediating salt tolerance are discussed at scales from the genetic to the morphological level, including leaf succulence and structural adjustments of wood anatomy. The genetic and transcriptomic bases for physiological salt acclimation are salt sensing and signalling networks that activate target genes; the target genes keep reactive oxygen species under control, maintain the ion balance and restore water status. Evolutionary adaptation includes gene duplication in these pathways. Strategies for and limitations to tree improvement, particularly transgenic approaches for increasing salt tolerance by transforming trees with single and multiple candidate genes, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Polle
- Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Büsgen-Institut, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Shaoliang Chen
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
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Tang W, Sun J, Liu J, Liu F, Yan J, Gou X, Lu BR, Liu Y. RNAi-directed downregulation of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (OsBADH1) results in decreased stress tolerance and increased oxidative markers without affecting glycine betaine biosynthesis in rice (Oryza sativa). PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 86:443-454. [PMID: 25150410 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-014-0239-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
As an important osmoprotectant, glycine betaine (GB) plays an essential role in resistance to abiotic stress in a variety of organisms, including rice (Oryza sativa L.). However, GB content is too low to be detectable in rice, although rice genome possesses several orthologs coding for betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) involved in plant GB biosynthesis. Rice BADH1 (OsBADH1) has been shown to be targeted to peroxisome and its overexpression resulted in increased GB biosynthesis and tolerance to abiotic stress. In this study, we demonstrated a pivotal role of OsBADH1 in stress tolerance without altering GB biosynthesis capacity, using the RNA interference (RNAi) technique. OsBADH1 was ubiquitously expressed in different organs, including roots, stems, leaves and flowers. Transgenic rice lines downregulating OsBADH1 exhibited remarkably reduced tolerance to NaCl, drought and cold stresses. The decrease of stress tolerance occurring in the OsBADH1-RNAi repression lines was associated with an elevated level of malondialdehyde content and hydrogen peroxidation. No GB accumulation was detected in transgene-positive and transgene-negative lines derived from heterozygous transgenic T0 plants. Moreover, transgenic OsBADH1-RNAi repression lines showed significantly reduced seed set and yield. In conclusion, the downregulation of OsBADH1, even though not causing any change of GB content, was accounted for the reduction of ability to dehydrogenate the accumulating metabolism-derived aldehydes and subsequently resulted in decreased stress tolerance and crop productivity. These results suggest that OsBADH1 possesses an enzyme activity to catalyze other aldehydes in addition to betaine aldehyde (the precursor of GB) and thus alleviate their toxic effects under abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-resource and Eco-environment, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Hu YX, Yang X, Li XL, Yu XD, Li QL. The SlASR gene cloned from the extreme halophyte Suaeda liaotungensis K. enhances abiotic stress tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. Gene 2014; 549:243-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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24
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Lawson SS, Michler CH. Overexpression of AtSTO1 leads to improved salt tolerance in Populus tremula × P. alba. Transgenic Res 2014; 23:817-26. [PMID: 24929937 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-014-9808-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
One of the major abiotic stress conditions limiting healthy growth of trees is salinity stress. The use of gene manipulation for increased tolerance to abiotic stress has been successful in many plant species. Overexpression of the Arabidopsis SALT TOLERANT1 (STO1) gene leads to increased concentrations of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase3, a vital enzyme in Arabidopsis abscisic acid biosynthesis. In the present work, the Arabidopsis STO1 gene (AtSTO1) was overexpressed in poplar to determine if the transgene would confer enhanced salt tolerance to the generated transgenics. The results of multiple greenhouse trials indicated that the transgenic poplar lines had greater levels of resistance to NaCl than wild-type plants. Analysis using RT-PCR indicated a variation in the relative abundance of the STO1 transcript in the transgenics that coincided with tolerance to salt. Several physiological and morphological changes such as greater overall biomass, greater root biomass, improved photosynthesis, and greater pith size were observed in the transgenics when compared to controls undergoing salt stress. These results indicated overexpression of AtSTO1 improved salt tolerance in poplar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaneka S Lawson
- Northern Research Station, Hardwood Tree Improvement and Regeneration Center (HTIRC), USDA Forest Service, 195 Marstellar Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA,
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25
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Tang X, Mu X, Shao H, Wang H, Brestic M. Global plant-responding mechanisms to salt stress: physiological and molecular levels and implications in biotechnology. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2014; 35:425-37. [PMID: 24738851 DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2014.889080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The increasing seriousness of salinization aggravates the food, population and environmental issues. Ameliorating the salt-resistance of plants especially the crops is the most effective measure to solve the worldwide problem. The salinity can cause damage to plants mainly from two aspects: hyperosmotic and hyperionic stresses leading to the restrain of growth and photosynthesis. To the adverse effects, the plants derive corresponding strategies including: ion regulation and compartmentalization, biosynthesis of compatible solutes, induction of antioxidant enzymes and plant hormones. With the development of molecular biology, our understanding of the molecular and physiology knowledge is becoming clearness. The complex signal transduction underlying the salt resistance is being illuminated brighter and clearer. The SOS pathway is the central of the cell signaling in salt stress. The accumulation of the compatible solutes and the activation of the antioxidant system are the effective measures for plants to enhance the salt resistance. How to make full use of our understanding to improve the output of crops is a huge challenge for us, yet the application of the genetic engineering makes this possible. In this review, we will discuss the influence of the salt stress and the response of the plants in detail expecting to provide a particular account for the plant resistance in molecular, physiological and transgenic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Tang
- a Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology & Bioresources Utilization , Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Yantai , China .,b University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Xingmin Mu
- c Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University , Yangling , China .,d Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources , Yangling , China
| | - Hongbo Shao
- a Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology & Bioresources Utilization , Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Yantai , China .,c Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University , Yangling , China .,d Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources , Yangling , China .,e Institute for Life Sciences, Qingdao University of Science & Technology (QUST) , Qingdao , China , and
| | - Hongyan Wang
- a Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology & Bioresources Utilization , Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Yantai , China .,b University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Marian Brestic
- a Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology & Bioresources Utilization , Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Yantai , China .,f Department of Plant Physiology , Slovak Agricultural University , Nitra , Slovak Republic
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