1
|
Deroche MLD, Wolfe J, Neumann S, Manning J, Hanna L, Towler W, Wilson C, Bien AG, Miller S, Schafer E, Gemignani J, Alemi R, Muthuraman M, Koirala N, Gracco VL. Cross-modal plasticity in children with cochlear implant: converging evidence from EEG and functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae175. [PMID: 38846536 PMCID: PMC11154148 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the first years of life, the brain undergoes substantial organization in response to environmental stimulation. In a silent world, it may promote vision by (i) recruiting resources from the auditory cortex and (ii) making the visual cortex more efficient. It is unclear when such changes occur and how adaptive they are, questions that children with cochlear implants can help address. Here, we examined 7-18 years old children: 50 had cochlear implants, with delayed or age-appropriate language abilities, and 25 had typical hearing and language. High-density electroencephalography and functional near-infrared spectroscopy were used to evaluate cortical responses to a low-level visual task. Evidence for a 'weaker visual cortex response' and 'less synchronized or less inhibitory activity of auditory association areas' in the implanted children with language delays suggests that cross-modal reorganization can be maladaptive and does not necessarily strengthen the dominant visual sense.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mickael L D Deroche
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H4B 1R6
| | - Jace Wolfe
- Hearts for Hearing Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73120, USA
| | - Sara Neumann
- Hearts for Hearing Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73120, USA
| | - Jacy Manning
- Hearts for Hearing Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73120, USA
| | - Lindsay Hanna
- Hearts for Hearing Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73120, USA
| | - Will Towler
- Hearts for Hearing Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73120, USA
| | - Caleb Wilson
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Alexander G Bien
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Sharon Miller
- Department of Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76201, USA
| | - Erin Schafer
- Department of Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76201, USA
| | - Jessica Gemignani
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Razieh Alemi
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H4B 1R6
| | - Muthuraman Muthuraman
- Section of Neural Engineering with Signal Analytics and Artificial Intelligence, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lima JVDS, de Morais CFM, Zamberlan-Amorim NE, Mandrá PP, Reis ACMB. Neurocognitive function in children with cochlear implants and hearing aids: a systematic review. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1242949. [PMID: 37859761 PMCID: PMC10582571 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1242949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To systematically review the existing literature that examines the relationship between cognition, hearing, and language in children using cochlear implants and hearing aids. Method The review has been registered in Prospero (Registration: CRD 42020203974). The review was based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis and examined the scientific literature in VHL, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, WOS, and Embase. It included original observational studies in children using hearing aids and/or cochlear implants who underwent cognitive and auditory and/or language tests. Data were extracted from the studies and their level of evidence was graded with the Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine: Levels of Evidence. Meta-analysis could not be performed due to data heterogeneity. Outcomes are described in narrative and tables synthesis. Results The systematic search and subsequent full-text evaluation identified 21 studies, conducted in 10 different countries. Altogether, their samples comprised 1,098 individuals, aged 0.16-12.6 years. The studies assessed the following cognitive domains: memory, nonverbal cognition, reasoning, attention, executive functions, language, perceptual-motor function, visuoconstructive ability, processing speed, and phonological processing/phonological memory. Children with hearing loss using cochlear implants and hearing aids scored significantly lower in many cognitive functions than normal hearing (NH) children. Neurocognitive functions were correlated with hearing and language outcomes. Conclusion Many cognitive tools were used to assess cognitive function in children with hearing devices. Results suggest that children with cochlear implants and hearing aids have cognitive deficits; these outcomes are mainly correlated with vocabulary. This study highlights the need to understand children's cognitive function and increase the knowledge of the relationship between cognition, language, and hearing in children using cochlear implants and hearing aids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jefferson Vilela da Silva Lima
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Caroline Favaretto Martins de Morais
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Nelma Ellen Zamberlan-Amorim
- Clinics Hospital of the Ribeirão Preto Medical School (HCFMRP-USP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Patricia Pupin Mandrá
- Department of Health Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Deroche MLD, Wolfe J, Neumann S, Manning J, Towler W, Alemi R, Bien AG, Koirala N, Hanna L, Henry L, Gracco VL. Auditory evoked response to an oddball paradigm in children wearing cochlear implants. Clin Neurophysiol 2023; 149:133-145. [PMID: 36965466 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2023.02.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although children with cochlear implants (CI) achieve remarkable success with their device, considerable variability remains in individual outcomes. Here, we explored whether auditory evoked potentials recorded during an oddball paradigm could provide useful markers of auditory processing in this pediatric population. METHODS High-density electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded in 75 children listening to standard and odd noise stimuli: 25 had normal hearing (NH) and 50 wore a CI, divided between high language (HL) and low language (LL) abilities. Three metrics were extracted: the first negative and second positive components of the standard waveform (N1-P2 complex) close to the vertex, the mismatch negativity (MMN) around Fz and the late positive component (P3) around Pz of the difference waveform. RESULTS While children with CIs generally exhibited a well-formed N1-P2 complex, those with language delays typically lacked reliable MMN and P3 components. But many children with CIs with age-appropriate skills showed MMN and P3 responses similar to those of NH children. Moreover, larger and earlier P3 (but not MMN) was linked to better literacy skills. CONCLUSIONS Auditory evoked responses differentiated children with CIs based on their good or poor skills with language and literacy. SIGNIFICANCE This short paradigm could eventually serve as a clinical tool for tracking the developmental outcomes of implanted children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mickael L D Deroche
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada.
| | - Jace Wolfe
- Hearts for Hearing Foundation, 11500 Portland Av., Oklahoma City, OK 73120, USA
| | - Sara Neumann
- Hearts for Hearing Foundation, 11500 Portland Av., Oklahoma City, OK 73120, USA
| | - Jacy Manning
- Hearts for Hearing Foundation, 11500 Portland Av., Oklahoma City, OK 73120, USA
| | - William Towler
- Hearts for Hearing Foundation, 11500 Portland Av., Oklahoma City, OK 73120, USA
| | - Razieh Alemi
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Alexander G Bien
- University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Otolaryngology, 800 Stanton L Young Blvd., Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
| | - Nabin Koirala
- Haskins Laboratories, 300 George St., New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Lindsay Hanna
- Hearts for Hearing Foundation, 11500 Portland Av., Oklahoma City, OK 73120, USA
| | - Lauren Henry
- Hearts for Hearing Foundation, 11500 Portland Av., Oklahoma City, OK 73120, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Torppa R, Kuuluvainen S, Lipsanen J. The development of cortical processing of speech differs between children with cochlear implants and normal hearing and changes with parental singing. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:976767. [PMID: 36507354 PMCID: PMC9731313 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.976767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of the present study was to investigate speech processing development in children with normal hearing (NH) and cochlear implants (CI) groups using a multifeature event-related potential (ERP) paradigm. Singing is associated to enhanced attention and speech perception. Therefore, its connection to ERPs was investigated in the CI group. Methods The paradigm included five change types in a pseudoword: two easy- (duration, gap) and three difficult-to-detect (vowel, pitch, intensity) with CIs. The positive mismatch responses (pMMR), mismatch negativity (MMN), P3a and late differentiating negativity (LDN) responses of preschoolers (below 6 years 9 months) and schoolchildren (above 6 years 9 months) with NH or CIs at two time points (T1, T2) were investigated with Linear Mixed Modeling (LMM). For the CI group, the association of singing at home and ERP development was modeled with LMM. Results Overall, responses elicited by the easy- and difficult to detect changes differed between the CI and NH groups. Compared to the NH group, the CI group had smaller MMNs to vowel duration changes and gaps, larger P3a responses to gaps, and larger pMMRs and smaller LDNs to vowel identity changes. Preschoolers had smaller P3a responses and larger LDNs to gaps, and larger pMMRs to vowel identity changes than schoolchildren. In addition, the pMMRs to gaps increased from T1 to T2 in preschoolers. More parental singing in the CI group was associated with increasing pMMR and less parental singing with decreasing P3a amplitudes from T1 to T2. Conclusion The multifeature paradigm is suitable for assessing cortical speech processing development in children. In children with CIs, cortical discrimination is often reflected in pMMR and P3a responses, and in MMN and LDN responses in children with NH. Moreover, the cortical speech discrimination of children with CIs develops late, and over time and age, their speech sound change processing changes as does the processing of children with NH. Importantly, multisensory activities such as parental singing can lead to improvement in the discrimination and attention shifting toward speech changes in children with CIs. These novel results should be taken into account in future research and rehabilitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ritva Torppa
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,Centre of Excellence in Music, Mind, Body and Brain, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Soila Kuuluvainen
- Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,Department of Digital Humanities, Faculty of Arts, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Lipsanen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ziatabar Ahmadi Z, Mahmoudian S, Ashayeri H. P-MMR and LDN beside MMN as Speech-evoked Neural Markers in Children with Cochlear Implants: A Review. Dev Neuropsychol 2021; 47:1-16. [PMID: 34927493 DOI: 10.1080/87565641.2021.2004601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This review mainly explores less-reported neural markers to speech-evoked contrasts in children with cochlear implants (CI). Databases and electronic journals were searched with keywords of "mismatch responses" AND "positive mismatch response" (p-MMR) AND "late discriminate negativity" (LDN). P-MMR likely is as a measurement of brain immaturity in CI children while the developmental trajectories of LDN remain unexplained in older CI children. In CI children, there is a p-MMR-MMN-LDN sequence to speech stimuli developmentally. Whereas these aforementioned neural responses anticipate developmental changes in CI groups, it is still uncertain about the cutoff age for disappearance of p-MMR and LDN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Ziatabar Ahmadi
- Department of Speech Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Saied Mahmoudian
- ENT and Head & Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Hannover (Mhh), Hannover, Germany
| | - Hassan Ashayeri
- Department of Basic Sciences in Rehabilitation, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Degirmenci Uzun E, Batuk MO, Sennaroglu G, Sennaroglu L. Factors affecting phoneme discrimination in children with sequential bilateral cochlear implants. Int J Audiol 2021; 61:329-335. [PMID: 34148495 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2021.1915507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of a number of variables on phoneme discrimination (PD) performance in children with sequential bilateral cochlear implants (SeqBiCIs) and compare PD performance between the 2 implantation sides and between children with bilateral cochlear implants (BiCIs) and their age-matched peers with normal hearing (NH). DESIGN All participants completed the Auditory Speech Sound Evaluation Phoneme Discrimination Test. STUDY SAMPLE The sample included 23 children with SeqBiCIs as the study group and 23 with NH as the control group. RESULTS A significant difference was found between the scores of the two groups under the CI1 and CI2 conditions (p = 0.001), CI1 and BiCI conditions (p = 0.002), and CI2 and BiCI conditions (p = 0.001). PD scores with CI1 significantly depend on age at CI1 and duration of bilateral use. PD scores with CI1 were significant predictors of PD performance with CI2. Duration of BiCI use was a significant predictor of PD scores with BiCI. CONCLUSIONS The age at CI1 and the duration of bilateral cochlear implant use were found to improve phoneme discrimination performance in children with a sequential bilateral cochlear implant. According to the success of the CI1, it is possible to predict the success of CI2 use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erva Degirmenci Uzun
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Audiology, Izmir Bakircay University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Merve Ozbal Batuk
- Faculty of Healthy Sciences, Department of Audiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gonca Sennaroglu
- Faculty of Healthy Sciences, Department of Audiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Levent Sennaroglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Deficient sensory and cognitive processing in children with cochlear implants: An event-related potential study. Hear Res 2021; 408:108295. [PMID: 34175588 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2021.108295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Compared with children having normal hearing (NH), those with cochlear implants (CIs) perform poorly in spoken language comprehension which involves both low-level acoustic encoding and higher-level cognitive processing. Here, we performed an electroencephalography study to portray this brain dynamics of speech perception in CI children. We presented a Mandarin Chinese monosyllable or four-syllable idiom to CI and NH children, and infrequently varied its lexical tone to form a novel monosyllable or pseudo-idiom in an oddball paradigm. The tone contrast embedded in the monosyllables evoked similar mismatch negativities (MMNs) in CI and NH children at an early stage (~200 ms). However, the amplitude of the MMN evoked by the tone contrast in the idiom context was significantly lower in CI children than in NH children. Furthermore, robust late discriminative negativity (LDN) at a late stage (~500 ms) was found only in NH children, but not in CI children. The MMN and LDN findings indicate deficits of low-level acoustic encoding in a complex context (such as an idiom) and higher-level cognitive processing in CI children, respectively. Both deficient sensory and cognitive processing may contribute to the speech perception difficulties in CI children.
Collapse
|
8
|
Abrahamse R, Beynon A, Piai V. Long-term auditory processing outcomes in early implanted young adults with cochlear implants: The mismatch negativity vs. P300 response. Clin Neurophysiol 2020; 132:258-268. [PMID: 33139199 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2020.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Long-term outcomes of early implanted, young adult cochlear implant (CI) users remain variable. We measured auditory discrimination by means of event-related potentials in this population to examine whether variability at the level of cortical auditory processing helps to explain speech abilities. METHODS Using an auditory oddball paradigm, the P300 and Mismatch Negativity (MMN) were measured in 8 young adult CI users and 14 normal-hearing peers. We related P300 amplitude and latency to clinical speech perception scores in quiet and to duration of deafness. RESULTS All individuals showed P300 responses. The MMN response was less robust in both groups. There was no evidence for differences in P300 responses between CI users and controls. P300 amplitude was associated with speech perception scores (r = 0.70, p = .05) and duration of deafness (r = -0.83, p = .009). CONCLUSIONS Early CI implantation yields good auditory processing outcomes at young adult age and, in contrast to MMN, the P300 provides a robust measure for auditory processing on an individual level. SIGNIFICANCE At the cortical level, early implanted, long-term CI users have good auditory discrimination, leaving variability in implantation outcomes unexplained. This group provides unique insight into the long-term neurophysiological underpinnings of early implantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosanne Abrahamse
- Radboud University, Donders Centre for Cognition, Montessorilaan 3, 6525 HR Nijmegen, Netherlands.
| | - Andy Beynon
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Philips van Leijdenlaan 15, 6525 EX Nijmegen, Netherlands; Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Centre for Medical Neuroscience, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Vitoria Piai
- Radboud University, Donders Centre for Cognition, Montessorilaan 3, 6525 HR Nijmegen, Netherlands; Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Centre for Medical Neuroscience, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Auditory cortical processing in cochlear-implanted children with different language outcomes. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 277:1875-1883. [DOI: 10.1007/s00405-020-05958-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
10
|
Hidalgo C, Pesnot-Lerousseau J, Marquis P, Roman S, Schön D. Rhythmic Training Improves Temporal Anticipation and Adaptation Abilities in Children With Hearing Loss During Verbal Interaction. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2019; 62:3234-3247. [PMID: 31433722 DOI: 10.1044/2019_jslhr-s-18-0349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Purpose In this study, we investigate temporal adaptation capacities of children with normal hearing and children with cochlear implants and/or hearing aids during verbal exchange. We also address the question of the efficiency of a rhythmic training on temporal adaptation during speech interaction in children with hearing loss. Method We recorded electroencephalogram data in children while they named pictures delivered on a screen, in alternation with a virtual partner. We manipulated the virtual partner's speech rate (fast vs. slow) and the regularity of alternation (regular vs. irregular). The group of children with normal hearing was tested once, and the group of children with hearing loss was tested twice: once after 30 min of auditory training and once after 30 min of rhythmic training. Results Both groups of children adjusted their speech rate to that of the virtual partner and were sensitive to the regularity of alternation with a less accurate performance following irregular turns. Moreover, irregular turns elicited a negative event-related potential in both groups, showing a detection of temporal deviancy. Notably, the amplitude of this negative component positively correlated with accuracy in the alternation task. In children with hearing loss, the effect was more pronounced and long-lasting following rhythmic training compared with auditory training. Conclusion These results are discussed in terms of temporal adaptation abilities in speech interaction and suggest the use of rhythmic training to improve these skills of children with hearing loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Céline Hidalgo
- Laboratoire Parole et Langage, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Aix-en Provence, France
- Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Inserm, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | | | - Patrick Marquis
- Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Inserm, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Stéphane Roman
- Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Inserm, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Pediatric Otolaryngology Department, La Timone Children's Hospital (AP-HM), Marseille, France
| | - Daniele Schön
- Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Inserm, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fernandes NM, Gil D, Azevedo MFD. Mismatch Negativity in Children with Cochlear Implant. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 23:e292-e298. [PMID: 31360248 PMCID: PMC6660324 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1688967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The mismatch negativity (MMN) is a negative long-latency auditory potential elicited by any discriminable change in a repetitive aspect of auditory stimulation. This evoked potential can provide cortical information about the sound processing, including in children who use cochlear implants. Objective To identify MMN characteristics regarding latency, amplitude, and wave area in cochlear implanted children and to identify associations among language development, speech perception and family involvement. Methods This is a descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study, which compared two groups: study group-children with cochlear implant, and control group-hearing children. The children were submitted to MMN evaluation with non-verbal tone burst stimulus, differing in frequency in sound field at 70 dBHL, with SmartEP equipment (Intelligent Hearing Systems, Miami, FL, USA). Speech perception and language development questionnaires were also applied, and the family participation in the rehabilitation process was classified. Results The occurrence of MMN was 73.3% for the control group and 53.3% for the study group. Values of latency, amplitude and area of MMN of children using cochlear implants were similar to those of hearing children, and did not differ between groups. The occurrence of MMN was not correlated to the variables of hearing, language and family categories. Conclusion Children with cochlear implants showed similar MMN responses to those of the children in the control group, with mean latency, amplitude and area of 208.9 ms (±12.8), -2.37 μV (±0.38) and 86.5 μVms (±23.4), respectively. There was no correlation between the presence of MMN and children's performance in the auditory and language development tests or family involvement during rehabilitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela Gil
- Department of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cartocci G, Maglione AG, Vecchiato G, Modica E, Rossi D, Malerba P, Marsella P, Scorpecci A, Giannantonio S, Mosca F, Leone CA, Grassia R, Babiloni F. Frontal brain asymmetries as effective parameters to assess the quality of audiovisual stimuli perception in adult and young cochlear implant users. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 38:346-360. [PMID: 30197426 PMCID: PMC6146571 DOI: 10.14639/0392-100x-1407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
How is music perceived by cochlear implant (CI) users? This question arises as “the next step” given the impressive performance obtained by these patients in language perception. Furthermore, how can music perception be evaluated beyond self-report rating, in order to obtain measurable data? To address this question, estimation of the frontal electroencephalographic (EEG) alpha activity imbalance, acquired through a 19-channel EEG cap, appears to be a suitable instrument to measure the approach/withdrawal (AW index) reaction to external stimuli. Specifically, a greater value of AW indicates an increased propensity to stimulus approach, and vice versa a lower one a tendency to withdraw from the stimulus. Additionally, due to prelingually and postlingually deafened pathology acquisition, children and adults, respectively, would probably differ in music perception. The aim of the present study was to investigate children and adult CI users, in unilateral (UCI) and bilateral (BCI) implantation conditions, during three experimental situations of music exposure (normal, distorted and mute). Additionally, a study of functional connectivity patterns within cerebral networks was performed to investigate functioning patterns in different experimental populations. As a general result, congruency among patterns between BCI patients and control (CTRL) subjects was seen, characterised by lowest values for the distorted condition (vs. normal and mute conditions) in the AW index and in the connectivity analysis. Additionally, the normal and distorted conditions were significantly different in CI and CTRL adults, and in CTRL children, but not in CI children. These results suggest a higher capacity of discrimination and approach motivation towards normal music in CTRL and BCI subjects, but not for UCI patients. Therefore, for perception of music CTRL and BCI participants appear more similar than UCI subjects, as estimated by measurable and not self-reported parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Cartocci
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.,These authors equally contributed to the present article
| | - A G Maglione
- BrainSigns Srl, Rome, Italy.,These authors equally contributed to the present article
| | - G Vecchiato
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - E Modica
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - D Rossi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - P Malerba
- Cochlear Italia Srl., Bologna, Italy
| | - P Marsella
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Audiology and Otology Unit, "Bambino Gesù" Pediatric Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - A Scorpecci
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Audiology and Otology Unit, "Bambino Gesù" Pediatric Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - S Giannantonio
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Audiology and Otology Unit, "Bambino Gesù" Pediatric Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - F Mosca
- ENT Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Dei Colli Monaldi, Naples, Italy
| | - C A Leone
- ENT Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Dei Colli Monaldi, Naples, Italy
| | - R Grassia
- ENT Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Dei Colli Monaldi, Naples, Italy
| | - F Babiloni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.,BrainSigns Srl, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Huyck JJ, Rosen MJ. Development of perception and perceptual learning for multi-timescale filtered speech. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2018; 144:667. [PMID: 30180675 DOI: 10.1121/1.5049369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The perception of temporally changing auditory signals has a gradual developmental trajectory. Speech is a time-varying signal, and slow changes in speech (filtered at 0-4 Hz) are preferentially processed by the right hemisphere, while the left extracts faster changes (filtered at 22-40 Hz). This work examined the ability of 8- to 19-year-olds to both perceive and learn to perceive filtered speech presented diotically for each filter type (low vs high) and dichotically for preferred or non-preferred laterality. Across conditions, performance improved with increasing age, indicating that the ability to perceive filtered speech continues to develop into adolescence. Across age, performance was best when both bands were presented dichotically, but with no benefit for presentation to the preferred hemisphere. Listeners thus integrated slow and fast transitions between the two ears, benefitting from more signal information, but not in a hemisphere-specific manner. After accounting for potential ceiling effects, learning was greatest when both bands were presented dichotically. These results do not support the idea that cochlear implants could be improved by providing differentially filtered information to each ear. Listeners who started with poorer performance learned more, a factor which could contribute to the positive cochlear implant outcomes typically seen in younger children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Jones Huyck
- Speech Pathology and Audiology Program, Kent State University, 1325 Theatre Drive, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - Merri J Rosen
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, Ohio 44272, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kronenberger WG, Henning SC, Ditmars AM, Pisoni DB. Language processing fluency and verbal working memory in prelingually deaf long-term cochlear implant users: A pilot study. Cochlear Implants Int 2018; 19:312-323. [PMID: 29976119 DOI: 10.1080/14670100.2018.1493970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Verbal working memory (WM) is more strongly correlated with spoken language skills in prelingually deaf, early-implanted cochlear implant (CI) users than in normal-hearing (NH) peers, suggesting that CI users access WM in order to support and compensate for their slower, more effortful spoken language processing. This pilot study tested the feasibility and validity of a dual-task method for establishing the causal role of WM in basic language processing (lexical access speed) in samples of 9 CI users (ages 8-26 years) and 9 NH peers. METHODS Participants completed tests of lexical access speed (rapid automatized picture naming test and lexical decision test) under two administration conditions: a standard condition and a dual-task WM condition requiring participants to hold numerals in WM during completion of the lexical access speed tests. RESULTS CI users showed more dual-task interference (decline in speed during the WM condition compared to the standard condition) than NH peers, indicating that their lexical access speed was more dependent on engagement of WM resources. Furthermore, dual-task interference scores were significantly correlated with several measures of speed-based executive functioning (EF), consistent with the hypothesis that the dual-task method reflects the involvement of EF in language processing. CONCLUSION These pilot study results support the feasibility and validity of the dual-task WM method for investigating the influence of WM in the basic language processing of CI users. Preliminary findings indicate that CI users are more dependent on the use of WM as a compensatory strategy during slow-effortful basic language processing than NH peers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William G Kronenberger
- a Department of Psychiatry , Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis , IN , USA.,b DeVault Otologic Research Laboratory, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis , IN , USA
| | - Shirley C Henning
- b DeVault Otologic Research Laboratory, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis , IN , USA
| | - Allison M Ditmars
- b DeVault Otologic Research Laboratory, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis , IN , USA
| | - David B Pisoni
- b DeVault Otologic Research Laboratory, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis , IN , USA.,c Speech Research Laboratory, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences , Indiana University , Bloomington , IN , USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Huyck JJ. Comprehension of Degraded Speech Matures During Adolescence. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2018; 61:1012-1022. [PMID: 29625427 DOI: 10.1044/2018_jslhr-h-17-0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study was to compare comprehension of spectrally degraded (noise-vocoded [NV]) speech and perceptual learning of NV speech between adolescents and young adults and examine the role of phonological processing and executive functions in this perception. METHOD Sixteen younger adolescents (11-13 years), 16 older adolescents (14-16 years), and 16 young adults (18-22 years) listened to 40 NV sentences and repeated back what they heard. They also completed tests assessing phonological processing and a variety of executive functions. RESULTS Word-report scores were generally poorer for younger adolescents than for the older age groups. Phonological processing also predicted initial word-report scores. Learning (i.e., improvement across training times) did not differ with age. Starting performance and processing speed predicted learning, with greater learning for those who started with the lowest scores and those with faster processing speed. CONCLUSIONS Degraded (NV) speech comprehension is not mature even by early adolescence; however, like adults, adolescents are able to improve their comprehension of degraded speech with training. Thus, although adolescents may have initial difficulty in understanding degraded speech or speech as presented through hearing aids or cochlear implants, they are able to improve their perception with experience. Processing speed and phonological processing may play a role in degraded speech comprehension in these age groups.
Collapse
|
16
|
The MMN as a viable and objective marker of auditory development in CI users. Hear Res 2017; 353:57-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
17
|
Ortmann M, Zwitserlood P, Knief A, Baare J, Brinkheetker S, am Zehnhoff-Dinnesen A, Dobel C. When Hearing Is Tricky: Speech Processing Strategies in Prelingually Deafened Children and Adolescents with Cochlear Implants Having Good and Poor Speech Performance. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0168655. [PMID: 28056017 PMCID: PMC5215792 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cochlear implants provide individuals who are deaf with access to speech. Although substantial advancements have been made by novel technologies, there still is high variability in language development during childhood, depending on adaptation and neural plasticity. These factors have often been investigated in the auditory domain, with the mismatch negativity as an index for sensory and phonological processing. Several studies have demonstrated that the MMN is an electrophysiological correlate for hearing improvement with cochlear implants. In this study, two groups of cochlear implant users, both with very good basic hearing abilities but with non-overlapping speech performance (very good or very poor speech performance), were matched according to device experience and age at implantation. We tested the perception of phonemes in the context of specific other phonemes from which they were very hard to discriminate (e.g., the vowels in /bu/ vs. /bo/). The most difficult pair was individually determined for each participant. Using behavioral measures, both cochlear implants groups performed worse than matched controls, and the good performers performed better than the poor performers. Cochlear implant groups and controls did not differ during time intervals typically used for the mismatch negativity, but earlier: source analyses revealed increased activity in the region of the right supramarginal gyrus (220-260 ms) in good performers. Poor performers showed increased activity in the left occipital cortex (220-290 ms), which may be an index for cross-modal perception. The time course and the neural generators differ from data from our earlier studies, in which the same phonemes were assessed in an easy-to-discriminate context. The results demonstrate that the groups used different language processing strategies, depending on the success of language development and the particular language context. Overall, our data emphasize the role of neural plasticity and use of adaptive strategies for successful language development with cochlear implants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalene Ortmann
- Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, Muenster University Hospital, Muenster, Germany
- Jean-Uhrmacher-Institute for Clinical ENT-Research, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Arne Knief
- Department of Phoniatrics and Pedaudiology, Muenster University Hospital, Muenster, Germany
| | - Johanna Baare
- Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, Muenster University Hospital, Muenster, Germany
| | - Stephanie Brinkheetker
- Department of Phoniatrics and Pedaudiology, Muenster University Hospital, Muenster, Germany
| | | | - Christian Dobel
- Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, Muenster University Hospital, Muenster, Germany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Fu M, Wang L, Zhang M, Yang Y, Sun X. A mismatch negativity study in Mandarin-speaking children with sensorineural hearing loss. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2016; 91:128-140. [PMID: 27863627 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE a) To examine the effects of sensorineural hearing loss on the discriminability of linguistic and non-linguistic stimuli at the cortical level, and b) to examine whether the cortical responses differ based on the chronological age at intervention, the degree of hearing loss, or the acoustic stimulation mode in children with severe and profound hearing loss. METHODS Mismatch negativity (MMN) responses were collected from 43 children with severe and profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, and 20 children with normal hearing (age: 3-6 years). In the non-verbal stimulation condition, pure tones with frequencies of 1 kHz and 1.1 kHz were used as the standard and the deviant respectively. In the verbal stimulation condition, the Chinese mandarin tokens/ba2/and/ba4/were used as the standard and the deviant respectively. Latency and amplitude of the MMN responses were collected and analyzed. RESULTS Overall, children with hearing loss showed longer latencies and lower amplitudes of the MMN responses to both non-verbal and verbal stimulations. The latency of the verbal/ba2/-/ba4/pair was longer than that of the nonverbal 1 kHz-1.1 kHz pair in both groups of children. CONCLUSIONS Children with hearing loss, especially those who received intervention after 2 years of age, showed substantial weakness in the neural responses to lexical tones and pure tones. Thus, the chronological age when the children receive hearing intervention may have an impact on the effectiveness of discriminating between verbal and non-verbal signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingfu Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China
| | - Liyan Wang
- Department of Auditory Center, China Rehabilitation Research Center for Deaf Children, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Mengchao Zhang
- Department of Communication Science and Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Special Education, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China.
| | - Xibin Sun
- Department of Auditory Center, China Rehabilitation Research Center for Deaf Children, Beijing 100029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu X. Current trends in outcome studies for children with hearing loss and the need to establish a comprehensive framework of measuring outcomes in children with hearing loss in China. J Otol 2016; 11:43-56. [PMID: 29937810 PMCID: PMC6002604 DOI: 10.1016/j.joto.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the 1970s, outcome studies for children with hearing loss expanded from focusing on assessing auditory awareness and speech perception skills to evaluating language and speech development. Since the early 2000s, the multi-center large scale research systematically studied outcomes in the areas of auditory awareness, speech-perception, language development, speech development, educational achievements, cognitive development, and psychosocial development. These studies advocated the establishment of baseline and regular follow-up evaluations with a comprehensive framework centered on language development. Recent research interests also include understanding the vast differences in outcomes for children with hearing loss, understanding the relationships between neurocognitive development and language acquisition in children with hearing loss, and using outcome studies to guide evidence-based clinical practice. After the establishment of standardized Mandarin language assessments, outcomes research in Mainland China has the potential to expand beyond auditory awareness and speech perception studies.
Collapse
|
20
|
Escorihuela García V, Pitarch Ribas MI, Llópez Carratalá I, Latorre Monteagudo E, Morant Ventura A, Marco Algarra J. Comparative Study Between Unilateral and Bilateral Cochlear Implantation in Children of 1 and 2 Years of Age. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.otoeng.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
21
|
Escorihuela García V, Pitarch Ribas MI, Llópez Carratalá I, Latorre Monteagudo E, Morant Ventura A, Marco Algarra J. Estudio comparativo entre implantación coclear uni y bilateral en niños de 1 y 2 años de edad. ACTA OTORRINOLARINGOLOGICA ESPANOLA 2016; 67:148-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.otorri.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
22
|
Kral A, Kronenberger WG, Pisoni DB, O'Donoghue GM. Neurocognitive factors in sensory restoration of early deafness: a connectome model. Lancet Neurol 2016; 15:610-21. [PMID: 26976647 PMCID: PMC6260790 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(16)00034-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Progress in biomedical technology (cochlear, vestibular, and retinal implants) has led to remarkable success in neurosensory restoration, particularly in the auditory system. However, outcomes vary considerably, even after accounting for comorbidity-for example, after cochlear implantation, some deaf children develop spoken language skills approaching those of their hearing peers, whereas other children fail to do so. Here, we review evidence that auditory deprivation has widespread effects on brain development, affecting the capacity to process information beyond the auditory system. After sensory loss and deafness, the brain's effective connectivity is altered within the auditory system, between sensory systems, and between the auditory system and centres serving higher order neurocognitive functions. As a result, congenital sensory loss could be thought of as a connectome disease, with interindividual variability in the brain's adaptation to sensory loss underpinning much of the observed variation in outcome of cochlear implantation. Different executive functions, sequential processing, and concept formation are at particular risk in deaf children. A battery of clinical tests can allow early identification of neurocognitive risk factors. Intervention strategies that address these impairments with a personalised approach, taking interindividual variations into account, will further improve outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Kral
- Institute of AudioNeuroTechnology and Department of Experimental Otology, ENT Clinics, Medical University Hannover, Hannover, Germany; School of Behavioural and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - William G Kronenberger
- Department of Psychiatry, and DeVault Otologic Research Laboratory, Department of Otolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - David B Pisoni
- Department of Psychiatry, and DeVault Otologic Research Laboratory, Department of Otolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Gerard M O'Donoghue
- National Institute of Health Research, Nottingham Hearing Biomedical Research Unit, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
El Boghdady N, Kegel A, Lai WK, Dillier N. A neural-based vocoder implementation for evaluating cochlear implant coding strategies. Hear Res 2016; 333:136-149. [PMID: 26775182 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Most simulations of cochlear implant (CI) coding strategies rely on standard vocoders that are based on purely signal processing techniques. However, these models neither account for various biophysical phenomena, such as neural stochasticity and refractoriness, nor for effects of electrical stimulation, such as spectral smearing as a function of stimulus intensity. In this paper, a neural model that accounts for stochastic firing, parasitic spread of excitation across neuron populations, and neuronal refractoriness, was developed and augmented as a preprocessing stage for a standard 22-channel noise-band vocoder. This model was used to subjectively and objectively assess consonant discrimination in commercial and experimental coding strategies. Stimuli consisting of consonant-vowel (CV) and vowel-consonant-vowel (VCV) tokens were processed by either the Advanced Combination Encoder (ACE) or the Excitability Controlled Coding (ECC) strategies, and later resynthesized to audio using the aforementioned vocoder model. Baseline performance was measured using unprocessed versions of the speech tokens. Behavioural responses were collected from seven normal hearing (NH) volunteers, while EEG data were recorded from five NH participants. Psychophysical results indicate that while there may be a difference in consonant perception between the two tested coding strategies, mismatch negativity (MMN) waveforms do not show any marked trends in CV or VCV contrast discrimination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nawal El Boghdady
- Institute for Neuroinformatics (INI), Universität Zürich (UZH)/ ETH Zürich (ETHZ), Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Andrea Kegel
- Laboratory of Experimental Audiology, ENT Department, Universitätsspital Zürich (USZ), Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Wai Kong Lai
- Laboratory of Experimental Audiology, ENT Department, Universitätsspital Zürich (USZ), Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Norbert Dillier
- Laboratory of Experimental Audiology, ENT Department, Universitätsspital Zürich (USZ), Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kronenberger WG, Colson BG, Henning SC, Pisoni DB. Executive functioning and speech-language skills following long-term use of cochlear implants. JOURNAL OF DEAF STUDIES AND DEAF EDUCATION 2014; 19:456-70. [PMID: 24903605 PMCID: PMC4146384 DOI: 10.1093/deafed/enu011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Neurocognitive processes such as executive functioning (EF) may influence the development of speech-language skills in deaf children after cochlear implantation in ways that differ from normal-hearing, typically developing children. Conversely, spoken language abilities and experiences may also exert reciprocal effects on the development of EF. The purpose of this study was to identify EF domains that are related to speech-language skills in cochlear implant (CI) users, compared to normal-hearing peers. Sixty-four prelingually deaf, early-implanted, long-term users of CIs and 74 normal-hearing peers equivalent in age and nonverbal intelligence completed measures of speech-language skills and three domains of EF: working memory, fluency-speed, and inhibition-concentration. Verbal working memory and fluency-speed were more strongly associated with speech-language outcomes in the CI users than in the normal-hearing peers. Spatial working memory and inhibition-concentration correlated positively with language skills in normal-hearing peers but not in CI users. The core domains of EF that are associated with spoken language development are different in long-term CI users compared to normal-hearing peers, suggesting important dissociations in neurocognitive development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - David B Pisoni
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indiana University
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Phonologische Entwicklung bei Kindern mit Cochleaimplantat(en). HNO 2014; 62:367-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s00106-013-2832-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|