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Flores A, Moyano P, Sola E, García JM, García J, Frejo MT, Guerra-Menéndez L, Labajo E, Lobo I, Abascal L, Pino JD. Bisphenol-A Neurotoxic Effects on Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Neurons In Vitro and In Vivo. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:782. [PMID: 37372067 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The widely used plasticizer bisphenol-A (BPA) is well-known for producing neurodegeneration and cognitive disorders, following acute and long-term exposure. Although some of the BPA actions involved in these effects have been unraveled, they are still incompletely known. Basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCN) regulate memory and learning processes and their selective loss, as observed in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases, leads to cognitive decline. In order to study the BPA neurotoxic effects on BFCN and the mechanisms through which they are induced, 60-day old Wistar rats were used, and a neuroblastoma cholinergic cell line from the basal forebrain (SN56) was used as a basal forebrain cholinergic neuron model. Acute treatment of rats with BPA (40 µg/kg) induced a more pronounced basal forebrain cholinergic neuronal loss. Exposure to BPA, following 1- or 14-days, produced postsynaptic-density-protein-95 (PSD95), synaptophysin, spinophilin, and N-methyl-D-aspartate-receptor-subunit-1 (NMDAR1) synaptic proteins downregulation, an increase in glutamate content through an increase in glutaminase activity, a downregulation in the vesicular-glutamate-transporter-2 (VGLUT2) and in the WNT/β-Catenin pathway, and cell death in SN56 cells. These toxic effects observed in SN56 cells were mediated by overexpression of histone-deacetylase-2 (HDAC2). These results may help to explain the synaptic plasticity, cognitive dysfunction, and neurodegeneration induced by the plasticizer BPA, which could contribute to their prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Flores
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Moyano
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Emma Sola
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Manuel García
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jimena García
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Teresa Frejo
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia Guerra-Menéndez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo CEU, 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Labajo
- Departamento de Medicina Legal, Psiquiatría y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés Lobo
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luisa Abascal
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Del Pino
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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2
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Manandhar S, Priya K, Mehta CH, Nayak UY, Kabekkodu SP, Pai KSR. Repositioning of antidiabetic drugs for Alzheimer's disease: possibility of Wnt signaling modulation by targeting LRP6 an in silico based study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:9577-9591. [PMID: 34080526 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1930583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common, irreversible and progressive form of dementia for which the exact pathology and cause are still not clear. At present, we are only confined to symptomatic treatment, and the lack of disease-modifying therapeutics is worrisome. Alteration of Wnt signaling has been linked to metabolic diseases as well as AD. The crosstalk between Canonical Wnt signaling and insulin signaling pathway has been widely studied and accepted from several clinical and preclinical studies that have proven the beneficial effect of antidiabetic medications in the case of memory and cognition loss. This structure-based in silico study was focused on exploring the link between the currently available FDA approved antidiabetic drugs and the Wnt signaling pathway. The library of antidiabetics was obtained from drug bank and was screened for their binding affinity with protein (PDB ID: 3S2K) LRP6, a coreceptor of the Wnt signaling pathway using GLIDE module of Schrodinger. The top molecules, with higher docking score, binding energy and stable interactions, were subjected to energy-based calculation using MMGBSA, followed by a molecular dynamics-based simulation study. Drugs of class α-glucosidase inhibitors and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) agonists were found to have a strong affinity towards LRP6 proteins, highlighting the possibility of the modulation of Wnt signaling by antidiabetics as one of the possible mechanisms for use in AD. However, further experimental based in vitro and in vivo studies are warranted for verification and support.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Manandhar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Keerthi Priya
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Chetan H Mehta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Usha Y Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - K Sreedhara Ranganath Pai
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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3
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Koneshamoorthy A, Seniveratne-Epa D, Calder G, Sawyer M, Kay TWH, Farrell S, Loudovaris T, Mariana L, McCarthy D, Lyu R, Liu X, Thorn P, Tong J, Chin LK, Zacharin M, Trainer A, Taylor S, MacIsaac RJ, Sachithanandan N, Thomas HE, Krishnamurthy B. Case Report: Hypoglycemia Due to a Novel Activating Glucokinase Variant in an Adult - a Molecular Approach. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:842937. [PMID: 35370948 PMCID: PMC8969599 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.842937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a case of an obese 22-year-old man with activating GCK variant who had neonatal hypoglycemia, re-emerging with hypoglycemia later in life. We investigated him for asymptomatic hypoglycemia with a family history of hypoglycemia. Genetic testing yielded a novel GCK missense class 3 variant that was subsequently found in his mother, sister and nephew and reclassified as a class 4 likely pathogenic variant. Glucokinase enables phosphorylation of glucose, the rate-limiting step of glycolysis in the liver and pancreatic β cells. It plays a crucial role in the regulation of insulin secretion. Inactivating variants in GCK cause hyperglycemia and activating variants cause hypoglycemia. Spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy revealed diffuse hyperplastic islets, nuclear pleomorphism and periductular islets. Glucose stimulated insulin secretion revealed increased insulin secretion in response to glucose. Cytoplasmic calcium, which triggers exocytosis of insulin-containing granules, revealed normal basal but increased glucose-stimulated level. Unbiased gene expression analysis using 10X single cell sequencing revealed upregulated INS and CKB genes and downregulated DLK1 and NPY genes in β-cells. Further studies are required to see if alteration in expression of these genes plays a role in the metabolic and histological phenotype associated with glucokinase pathogenic variant. There were more large islets in the patient's pancreas than in control subjects but there was no difference in the proportion of β cells in the islets. His hypoglycemia was persistent after pancreatectomy, was refractory to diazoxide and improved with pasireotide. This case highlights the variable phenotype of GCK mutations. In-depth molecular analyses in the islets have revealed possible mechanisms for hyperplastic islets and insulin hypersecretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anojian Koneshamoorthy
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Dilan Seniveratne-Epa
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Genevieve Calder
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Matthew Sawyer
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Thomas W. H. Kay
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- St. Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen Farrell
- Department of Surgery, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Thomas Loudovaris
- St. Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lina Mariana
- St. Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Davis McCarthy
- St. Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ruqian Lyu
- St. Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Xin Liu
- St. Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter Thorn
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jason Tong
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lit Kim Chin
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Margaret Zacharin
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alison Trainer
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shelby Taylor
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Richard J. MacIsaac
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nirupa Sachithanandan
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Helen E. Thomas
- St. Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Balasubramanian Krishnamurthy
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- St. Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Balasubramanian Krishnamurthy,
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4
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Trinder M, Zhou L, Oakie A, Riopel M, Wang R. β-cell insulin receptor deficiency during in utero development induces an islet compensatory overgrowth response. Oncotarget 2018; 7:44927-44940. [PMID: 27384998 PMCID: PMC5216695 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of insulin receptor (IR) on β-cells suggests that insulin has an autocrine/paracrine role in the regulation of β-cell function. It has previously been reported that the β-cell specific loss of IR (βIRKO) leads to the development of impaired glycemic regulation and β-cell death in mice. However, temporally controlled βIRKO induced during the distinct transitions of fetal pancreas development has yet to be investigated. We hypothesized that the presence of IR on β-cells during the 2nd transition phase of the fetal murine pancreas is required for maintaining normal islet development.We utilized a mouse insulin 1 promoter driven tamoxifen-inducible Cre-recombinase IR knockout (MIP-βIRKO) mouse model to investigate the loss of β-cell IR during pancreatic development at embryonic day (e) 13, a phase of endocrine proliferation and β-cell fate determination. Fetal pancreata examined at e19-20 showed significantly reduced IR levels in the β-cells of MIP-βIRKO mice. Morphologically, MIP-βIRKO pancreata exhibited significantly enlarged islet size with increased β-cell area and proliferation. MIP-βIRKO pancreata also displayed significantly increased Igf-2 protein level and Akt activity with a reduction in phospho-p53 when compared to control littermates. Islet vascular formation and Vegf-a protein level was significantly increased in MIP-βIRKO pancreata.Our results demonstrate a developmental role for the β-cell IR, whereby its loss leads to an islet compensatory overgrowth, and contributes further information towards elucidating the temporally sensitive signaling during β-cell commitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Trinder
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.,Departments of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Liangyi Zhou
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amanda Oakie
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew Riopel
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rennian Wang
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.,Departments of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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5
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Rathinavelu S, Guidry-Elizondo C, Banu J. Molecular Modulation of Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts in Type 2 Diabetes. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:6354787. [PMID: 30525054 PMCID: PMC6247387 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6354787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a common disease affecting majority of populations worldwide. Since 1980, there has been an increase in the number of people diagnosed as prediabetic and diabetic. Diabetes is characterized by high levels of circulating glucose and leads to most microvascular and macrovascular complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, stroke, and myocardial infarction. Bone marrow vascular disruption and increased adiposity are also linked to various complications in type II diabetes mellitus. In addition to these complications, type 2 diabetic patients also have fragile bones caused by faulty mineralization mainly due to increased adiposity among diabetic patients that affects both osteoblast and osteoclast functions. Other factors that increase fracture risk in diabetic patients are increased oxidative stress, inflammation, and drugs administered to diabetic patients. This review reports the modulation of different pathways that affect bone metabolism in diabetic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvalakshmi Rathinavelu
- Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Affairs, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201, W University Dr, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA
| | - Crissy Guidry-Elizondo
- Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Affairs, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201, W University Dr, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA
| | - Jameela Banu
- Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Affairs, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201, W University Dr, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201, W University Dr, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA
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6
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Chen ACH, Lee YL, Fong SW, Wong CCY, Ng EHY, Yeung WSB. Hyperglycemia impedes definitive endoderm differentiation of human embryonic stem cells by modulating histone methylation patterns. Cell Tissue Res 2017; 368:563-578. [PMID: 28283910 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-017-2583-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to maternal diabetes during fetal growth is a risk factor for the development of type II diabetes (T2D) in later life. Discovery of the mechanisms involved in this association should provide valuable background for therapeutic treatments. Early embryogenesis involves epigenetic changes including histone modifications. The bivalent histone methylation marks H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 are important for regulating key developmental genes during early fetal pancreas specification. We hypothesized that maternal hyperglycemia disrupted early pancreas development through changes in histone bivalency. A human embryonic stem cell line (VAL3) was used as the cell model for studying the effects of hyperglycemia upon differentiation into definitive endoderm (DE), an early stage of the pancreatic lineage. Hyperglycemic conditions significantly down-regulated the expression levels of DE markers SOX17, FOXA2, CXCR4 and EOMES during differentiation. This was associated with retention of the repressive histone methylation mark H3K27me3 on their promoters under hyperglycemic conditions. The disruption of histone methylation patterns was observed as early as the mesendoderm stage, with Wnt/β-catenin signaling being suppressed during hyperglycemia. Treatment with Wnt/β-catenin signaling activator CHIR-99021 restored the expression levels and chromatin methylation status of DE markers, even in a hyperglycemic environment. The disruption of DE development was also found in mouse embryos at day 7.5 post coitum from diabetic mothers. Furthermore, disruption of DE differentiation in VAL3 cells led to subsequent impairment in pancreatic progenitor formation. Thus, early exposure to hyperglycemic conditions hinders DE development with a possible relationship to the later impairment of pancreas specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C H Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Y L Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
- Center for Reproduction, Development and Growth, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Room 747, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
| | - S W Fong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - C C Y Wong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - E H Y Ng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
- Center for Reproduction, Development and Growth, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - W S B Yeung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
- Center for Reproduction, Development and Growth, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
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7
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Jing YH, Qi CC, Yuan L, Liu XW, Gao LP, Yin J. Adult neural stem cell dysfunction in the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle leads to diabetic olfactory defects. Neural Regen Res 2017; 12:1111-1118. [PMID: 28852393 PMCID: PMC5558490 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.211190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensitive smell discrimination is based on structural plasticity of the olfactory bulb, which depends on migration and integration of newborn neurons from the subventricular zone. In this study, we examined the relationship between neural stem cell status in the subventricular zone and olfactory function in rats with diabetes mellitus. Streptozotocin was injected through the femoral vein to induce type 1 diabetes mellitus in Sprague-Dawley rats. Two months after injection, olfactory sensitivity was decreased in diabetic rats. Meanwhile, the number of BrdU-positive and BrdU+/DCX+ double-labeled cells was lower in the subventricular zone of diabetic rats compared with age-matched normal rats. Western blot results revealed downregulated expression of insulin receptor β, phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3β, and β-catenin in the subventricular zone of diabetic rats. Altogether, these results indicate that diabetes mellitus causes insulin deficiency, which negatively regulates glycogen synthase kinase 3β and enhances β-catenin degradation, with these changes inhibiting neural stem cell proliferation. Further, these signaling pathways affect proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in the subventricular zone. Dysfunction of subventricular zone neural stem cells causes a decline in olfactory bulb structural plasticity and impairs olfactory sensitivity in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hong Jing
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology and Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Chu-Chu Qi
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology and Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology and Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xiang-Wen Liu
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology and Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Li-Ping Gao
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology and Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
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8
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Chouhan S, Singh S, Athavale D, Ramteke P, Pandey V, Joseph J, Mohan R, Shetty PK, Bhat MK. Glucose induced activation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma is regulated by DKK4. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27558. [PMID: 27272409 PMCID: PMC4897783 DOI: 10.1038/srep27558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated glycemic index, an important feature of diabetes is implicated in an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of this association are relatively less explored. Present study investigates the effect of hyperglycemia over HCC proliferation. We observed that high glucose culture condition (HG) specifically activates canonical Wnt signaling in HCC cells, which is mediated by suppression of DKK4 (a Wnt antagonist) expression and enhanced β-catenin level. Functional assays demonstrated that a normoglycemic culture condition (NG) maintains constitutive expression of DKK4, which controls HCC proliferation rate by suppressing canonical Wnt signaling pathway. HG diminishes DKK4 expression leading to loss of check at G0/G1/S phases of the cell cycle thereby enhancing HCC proliferation, in a β-catenin dependent manner. Interestingly, in NOD/SCID mice supplemented with high glucose, HepG2 xenografted tumors grew rapidly in which elevated levels of β-catenin, c-Myc and decreased levels of DKK4 were detected. Knockdown of DKK4 by shRNA promotes proliferation of HCC cells in NG, which is suppressed by treating cells exogenously with recombinant DKK4 protein. Our in vitro and in vivo results indicate an important functional role of DKK4 in glucose facilitated HCC proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Chouhan
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune-411 007, India
| | - Snahlata Singh
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune-411 007, India
| | - Dipti Athavale
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune-411 007, India
| | - Pranay Ramteke
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune-411 007, India
| | - Vimal Pandey
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune-411 007, India.,Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Hyderabad Central University, Hyderabad-500 046, India
| | - Jomon Joseph
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune-411 007, India
| | - Rajashekar Mohan
- Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara Medical Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad-580009, Karnataka, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Shetty
- Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara Medical Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad-580009, Karnataka, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Bhat
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune-411 007, India
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9
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Dong X, Lin Q, Aihara A, Li Y, Huang CK, Chung W, Tang Q, Chen X, Carlson R, Nadolny C, Gabriel G, Olsen M, Wands JR. Aspartate β-Hydroxylase expression promotes a malignant pancreatic cellular phenotype. Oncotarget 2015; 6:1231-48. [PMID: 25483102 PMCID: PMC4359229 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the leading causes of cancer related deaths due to aggressive progression and metastatic spread. Aspartate β-hydroxylase (ASPH), a cell surface protein that catalyzes the hydroxylation of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like repeats in Notch receptors and ligands, is highly overexpressed in PC. ASPH upregulation confers a malignant phenotype characterized by enhanced cell proliferation, migration, invasion and colony formation in vitro as well as PC tumor growth in vivo. The transforming properties of ASPH depend on enzymatic activity. ASPH links PC growth factor signaling cascades to Notch activation. A small molecule inhibitor of β-hydroxylase activity was developed and found to reduce PC growth by downregulating the Notch signaling pathway. These findings demonstrate the critical involvement of ASPH in PC growth and progression, provide new insight into the molecular mechanisms leading to tumor development and growth and have important therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqun Dong
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA.,Current address: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Qiushi Lin
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA.,Current address: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Arihiro Aihara
- Liver Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Chiung-Kuei Huang
- Liver Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Waihong Chung
- Liver Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Qi Tang
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Xuesong Chen
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Rolf Carlson
- Liver Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Christina Nadolny
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Gregory Gabriel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA
| | - Mark Olsen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy-Glendale, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona, USA
| | - Jack R Wands
- Liver Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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Xu CQ, de la Monte SM, Tong M, Huang CK, Kim M. Chronic Ethanol-Induced Impairment of Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling is Attenuated by PPAR-δ Agonist. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2015; 39:969-79. [PMID: 25903395 DOI: 10.1111/acer.12727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Wnt/β-catenin pathway regulates liver growth, repair, and regeneration. Chronic ethanol (EtOH) exposure blunts normal liver regenerative responses, in part by inhibiting insulin/IGF signaling, and correspondingly, previous studies showed that EtOH-impaired liver regeneration could be restored by insulin sensitizer (proliferator-activated receptor [PPAR]-δ agonist) treatment. As Wnt/β-catenin functions overlap and cross talk with insulin/IGF pathways, we investigated the effects of EtOH exposure and PPAR-δ agonist treatment on Wnt pathway gene expression in relation to liver regeneration. METHODS Adult male Long Evans rats were fed with isocaloric liquid diets containing 0 or 37% EtOH for 8 weeks and also treated with vehicle or a PPAR-δ agonist during the last 3 weeks of the feeding regimen. The rats were then subjected to 70% partial hepatectomy (PH) and livers harvested at various post-PH time points were used to quantitate expression of 19 Wnt pathway genes using Quantigene 2.0 Multiplex Assay. RESULTS EtOH broadly inhibited expression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling-related genes, including down-regulation of Wnt1, Fzd3, Lef1, and Bcl9 throughout the post-PH time course (0 to 72 hours), and suppression of Wnt7a, Ccnd1, Fgf4, Wif1, Sfrp2, and Sfrp5 at 18- and 24-hour post-PH time points. PPAR-δ agonist treatments rescued the EtOH-induced suppression of Wnt1, Wnt7a, Fzd3, Lef1, Bcl9, Ccnd1, and Sfrp2 gene expression in liver, corresponding with the improvements in DNA synthesis and restoration of hepatic architecture. CONCLUSIONS Chronic high-dose EtOH exposures inhibit Wnt signaling, which likely contributes to the impairments in liver regeneration. Therapeutic effects of PPAR-δ agonists extend beyond restoration of insulin/IGF signaling mechanisms and are mediated in part by enhancement of Wnt pathway signaling. Future studies will determine the degree to which targeted restoration of Wnt signaling is sufficient to improve liver regeneration and remodeling in the context of chronic EtOH exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Q Xu
- Liver Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Suzanne M de la Monte
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Ming Tong
- Liver Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Chiung-Kuei Huang
- Liver Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Miran Kim
- Liver Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
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Is Alzheimer's disease related to metabolic syndrome? A Wnt signaling conundrum. Prog Neurobiol 2014; 121:125-46. [PMID: 25084549 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, affecting more than 36 million people worldwide. AD is characterized by a progressive loss of cognitive functions. For years, it has been thought that age is the main risk factor for AD. Recent studies suggest that life style factors, including nutritional behaviors, play a critical role in the onset of dementia. Evidence about the relationship between nutritional behavior and AD includes the role of conditions such as obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and elevated glucose levels. The coexistence of some of these cardio-metabolic risk factors is generally known as metabolic syndrome (MS). Some clinical studies support the role of MS in the onset of AD. However, the cross-talk between the molecular signaling implicated in these disorders is unknown. In the present review, we focus on the molecular correlates that support the relationship between MS and the onset of AD. We also discuss relevant issues such as the role of leptin, insulin and renin-angiotensin signaling in the brain and the possible role of Wnt signaling in both MS and AD. We discuss the evidence supporting the use of ob/ob mice, high-fructose diets, aortic coarctation-induced hypertension and Octodon degus, which spontaneously develops β-amyloid deposits and metabolic derangements, as suitable animal models to address the relationships between MS and AD. Finally, we examine emergent data supporting the role of Wnt signaling in the modulation of AD and MS, implicating this pathway as a therapeutic target in both conditions.
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