1
|
A tale of topoisomerases and the knotty genetic material in the backdrop of Plasmodium biology. Biosci Rep 2022; 42:231351. [PMID: 35699968 PMCID: PMC9261774 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20212847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The untangling or overwinding of genetic material is an inevitable part of DNA
replication, repair, recombination, and transcription. Topoisomerases belong to
a conserved enzyme family that amends DNA topology during various processes of
DNA metabolism. To relax the genetic material, topoisomerases transiently break
the phosphodiester bond on one or both DNA strands and remain associated with
the cleavage site by forming a covalent enzyme–DNA intermediate. This
releases torsional stress and allows the broken DNA to be re-ligated by the
enzyme. The biological function of topoisomerases ranges from the separation of
sister chromatids following DNA replication to the aiding of chromosome
condensation and segregation during mitosis. Topoisomerases are also actively
involved in meiotic recombination. The unicellular apicomplexan parasite,
Plasmodium falciparum, harbors different topoisomerase
subtypes, some of which have substantially different sequences and functions
from their human counterparts. This review highlights the biological function of
each identified Plasmodium topoisomerase along with a
comparative analysis of their orthologs in human or other model organisms. There
is also a focus on recent advancements towards the development of topoisomerase
chemical inhibitors, underscoring the druggability of unique topoisomerase
subunits that are absent in humans. Plasmodium harbors three
distinct genomes in the nucleus, apicoplast, and mitochondria, respectively, and
undergoes non-canonical cell division during the schizont stage of development.
This review emphasizes the specific developmental stages of
Plasmodium on which future topoisomerase research should
focus.
Collapse
|
2
|
Takahashi DT, Gadelle D, Agama K, Kiselev E, Zhang H, Yab E, Petrella S, Forterre P, Pommier Y, Mayer C. Topoisomerase I (TOP1) dynamics: conformational transition from open to closed states. Nat Commun 2022; 13:59. [PMID: 35013228 PMCID: PMC8748870 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27686-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic topoisomerases I (TOP1) are ubiquitous enzymes removing DNA torsional stress. However, there is little data concerning the three-dimensional structure of TOP1 in the absence of DNA, nor how the DNA molecule can enter/exit its closed conformation. Here, we solved the structure of thermostable archaeal Caldiarchaeum subterraneum CsTOP1 in an apo-form. The enzyme displays an open conformation resulting from one substantial rotation between the capping (CAP) and the catalytic (CAT) modules. The junction between these two modules is a five-residue loop, the hinge, whose flexibility permits the opening/closing of the enzyme and the entry of DNA. We identified a highly conserved tyrosine near the hinge as mediating the transition from the open to closed conformation upon DNA binding. Directed mutagenesis confirmed the importance of the hinge flexibility, and linked the enzyme dynamics with sensitivity to camptothecin, a TOP1 inhibitor targeting the TOP1 enzyme catalytic site in the closed conformation. Topoisomerase I (TOP1) relaxes both positive and negative supercoils by nicking DNA and after rotation of the broken DNA strand closes the nick. Here, the authors present the DNA free crystal structure of TOP1 from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Caldiarchaeum subterraneum in the open form and discuss the mechanism of how DNA enters the catalytic site of TOP1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diane T Takahashi
- Institut de Biologie Integrative de la Cellule, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif sur Yvette, Cedex, France. .,Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR 3528, Unité de Microbiologie Structurale, F-75015, Paris, France. .,Biotechnology and Cell Signaling (CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7242), Ecole Superieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Boulevard Sébastien Brant, BP 10413, F-67412, Illkirch, France.
| | - Danièle Gadelle
- Institut de Biologie Integrative de la Cellule, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif sur Yvette, Cedex, France
| | - Keli Agama
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Evgeny Kiselev
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Emilie Yab
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR 3528, Unité de Microbiologie Structurale, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Stephanie Petrella
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR 3528, Unité de Microbiologie Structurale, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Forterre
- Institut de Biologie Integrative de la Cellule, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif sur Yvette, Cedex, France
| | - Yves Pommier
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Claudine Mayer
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR 3528, Unité de Microbiologie Structurale, F-75015, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, F-75013, Paris, France.,ICube-UMR7357, CSTB, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, 67084, Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Soren BC, Babu Dasari J, Ottaviani A, Messina B, Andreotti G, Romeo A, Iacovelli F, Falconi M, Desideri A, Fiorani P. In Vitro and In Silico Characterization of an Antimalarial Compound with Antitumor Activity Targeting Human DNA Topoisomerase IB. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7455. [PMID: 34299074 PMCID: PMC8306514 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human DNA topoisomerase IB controls the topological state of supercoiled DNA through a complex catalytic cycle that consists of cleavage and religation reactions, allowing the progression of fundamental DNA metabolism. The catalytic steps of human DNA topoisomerase IB were analyzed in the presence of a drug, obtained by the open-access drug bank Medicines for Malaria Venture. The experiments indicate that the compound strongly and irreversibly inhibits the cleavage step of the enzyme reaction and reduces the cell viability of three different cancer cell lines. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the drug binds to the human DNA topoisomerase IB-DNA complex sitting inside the catalytic site of the enzyme, providing a molecular explanation for the cleavage-inhibition effect. For all these reasons, the aforementioned drug could be a possible lead compound for the development of an efficient anti-tumor molecule targeting human DNA topoisomerase IB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bini Chhetri Soren
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (B.C.S.); (J.B.D.); (B.M.); (G.A.); (A.R.); (F.I.); (M.F.); (A.D.); (P.F.)
| | - Jagadish Babu Dasari
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (B.C.S.); (J.B.D.); (B.M.); (G.A.); (A.R.); (F.I.); (M.F.); (A.D.); (P.F.)
| | - Alessio Ottaviani
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (B.C.S.); (J.B.D.); (B.M.); (G.A.); (A.R.); (F.I.); (M.F.); (A.D.); (P.F.)
| | - Beatrice Messina
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (B.C.S.); (J.B.D.); (B.M.); (G.A.); (A.R.); (F.I.); (M.F.); (A.D.); (P.F.)
| | - Giada Andreotti
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (B.C.S.); (J.B.D.); (B.M.); (G.A.); (A.R.); (F.I.); (M.F.); (A.D.); (P.F.)
| | - Alice Romeo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (B.C.S.); (J.B.D.); (B.M.); (G.A.); (A.R.); (F.I.); (M.F.); (A.D.); (P.F.)
| | - Federico Iacovelli
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (B.C.S.); (J.B.D.); (B.M.); (G.A.); (A.R.); (F.I.); (M.F.); (A.D.); (P.F.)
| | - Mattia Falconi
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (B.C.S.); (J.B.D.); (B.M.); (G.A.); (A.R.); (F.I.); (M.F.); (A.D.); (P.F.)
| | - Alessandro Desideri
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (B.C.S.); (J.B.D.); (B.M.); (G.A.); (A.R.); (F.I.); (M.F.); (A.D.); (P.F.)
| | - Paola Fiorani
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (B.C.S.); (J.B.D.); (B.M.); (G.A.); (A.R.); (F.I.); (M.F.); (A.D.); (P.F.)
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, CNR, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Soren BC, Dasari JB, Ottaviani A, Iacovelli F, Fiorani P. Topoisomerase IB: a relaxing enzyme for stressed DNA. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2020; 3:18-25. [PMID: 35582040 PMCID: PMC9094055 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2019.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
DNA topoisomerase I enzymes relieve the torsional strain in DNA; they are essential for fundamental molecular processes such as DNA replication, transcription, recombination, and chromosome condensation; and act by cleaving and then religating DNA strands. Over the past few decades, scientists have focused on the DNA topoisomerases biological functions and established a unique role of Type I DNA topoisomerases in regulating gene expression and DNA chromosome condensation. Moreover, the human enzyme is being investigated as a target for cancer chemotherapy. The active site tyrosine is responsible for initiating two transesterification reactions to cleave and then religate the DNA backbone, allowing the release of superhelical tension. The different steps of the catalytic mechanism are affected by various inhibitors; some of them prevent the interaction between the enzyme and the DNA while others act as poisons, leading to TopI-DNA lesions, breakage of DNA, and eventually cellular death. In this review, our goal is to provide an overview of mechanism of human topoisomerase IB action together with the different types of inhibitors and their effect on the enzyme functionality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bini Chhetri Soren
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Jagadish Babu Dasari
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy.,Present address: Department of Research and Application Development, Biogenex Life Sciences, Telangana 501510, India
| | - Alessio Ottaviani
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Federico Iacovelli
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Paola Fiorani
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy.,Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Rome 00133, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dasari JB, Soren BC, Ottaviani A, Tesauro C, Marino S, Messina B, Fiorani P. Swapping of The N-Terminal Domain of Human Topoisomerase 1B with the Corresponding Plasmodium Falciparum Counterpart Strongly Impairs Enzyme Activity. Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 8:366-375. [PMID: 32582794 PMCID: PMC7275839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA topoisomerases 1B are a class of ubiquitous enzyme that solves the topological problems associated with biological processes such as replication, transcription and recombination. Numerous sequence alignment of topoisomerase 1B from different species shows that the lengths of different domains as well as their amino acids sequences are quite different. In the present study a hybrid enzyme, generated by swapping the N-terminal of Plasmodium falciparum into the corresponding domain of the human, has been characterized. METHODS The chimeric enzyme was generated using different sets of PCR. The in vitro characterization was carried out using different DNA substrate including radio-labelled oligonucleotides. RESULTS The chimeric enzyme displayed slower relaxation activity, cleavage and re-ligation kinetics strongly perturbed when compared to the human enzyme. CONCLUSION These results indicate that the N-terminal domain has a crucial role in modulating topoisomerase activity in different species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jagadish Babu Dasari
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Bini Chhetri Soren
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessio Ottaviani
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, CNR, Via Del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, Rome 00133, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Tesauro
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
- Present address: Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Aarhus, C.F MøllersAllè 3, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Simona Marino
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Beatrice Messina
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Paola Fiorani
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, CNR, Via Del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, Rome 00133, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang Z, D'Annessa I, Tesauro C, Ottaviani A, Soren BC, Dasari JB, Messina B, Thareparambil A, Fiorani P. The human DNA topoisomerase I mutant Gly717Asp: Higher religation rate is not always associated with camptothecin resistance. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 663:165-172. [PMID: 30653963 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
DNA topoisomerases are key enzyme responsible for modulating the topological state of the DNA by breaking and rejoining of DNA strand. Characterization of a Gly717Asp mutation in the human topoisomerase was performed using several catalytic assays. The mutant enzyme was shown to have comparable cleavage and fast religation rate as compared to the wild-type protein. Addition of the anticancer drug camptothecin significantly reduced the religation step. The simulative approaches and analysis of the cleavage/religation equilibrium indicate that the mutation is able to modify the architecture of the drug binding site, increasing the persistence of the drug for the enzyme-DNA covalent complex. Taken together these results indicate that the structure modification of the drug binding site is the key reason for the increasing CPT persistence and furthermore provide the possibility for new anti-cancer drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Wang
- Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Ilda D'Annessa
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Tesauro
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Ottaviani
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Bini Chhetri Soren
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Jagadish Babu Dasari
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Messina
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Anil Thareparambil
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Fiorani
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy; Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, CNR, Via Del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, Rome, 00133, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang Z, Ouyang H, Tesauro C, Ottaviani A, He Y, Fiorani P, Xie H, Desideri A, Fu Z. Real-time analysis of cleavage and religation activity of human topoisomerase 1 based on ternary fluorescence resonance energy transfer DNA substrate. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 643:1-6. [PMID: 29458004 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Human topoisomerase 1B is a ubiquitous and essential enzyme involved in relaxing the topological state of supercoiled DNA to allow the progression of fundamental DNA metabolism. Its enzymatic catalytic cycle consists of cleavage and religation reaction. A ternary fluorescence resonance energy transfer biosensor based on a suicide DNA substrate conjugated with three fluorophores has been developed to monitor both cleavage and religation Topoisomerase I catalytic function. The presence of fluorophores does not alter the specificity of the enzyme catalysis on the DNA substrate. The enzyme-mediated reaction can be tracked in real-time by simple fluorescence measurement, avoiding the use of risky radioactive substrate labeling and time-consuming denaturing gel electrophoresis. The method is applied to monitor the perturbation brought by single mutation on the cleavage or religation reaction and to screen the effect of the camptothecin anticancer drug monitoring the energy transfer decrease during religation reaction. Pathological mutations usually affect only the cleavage or the religation reaction and the proposed approach represent a fast protocol for assessing chemotherapeutic drug efficacy and analyzing mutant's properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome 00133, Italy; Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Cinzia Tesauro
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Alessio Ottaviani
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Yong He
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Paola Fiorani
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, CNR, Via Del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Hui Xie
- Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Alessandro Desideri
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome 00133, Italy.
| | - Zhifeng Fu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang Z, D'Annessa I, Tesauro C, Croce S, Ottaviani A, Fiorani P, Desideri A. Mutation of Gly717Phe in human topoisomerase 1B has an effect on enzymatic function, reactivity to the camptothecin anticancer drug and on the linker domain orientation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2015; 1854:860-8. [PMID: 25910424 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2015.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Human topoisomerase 1B controls the topological state of supercoiled DNA allowing the progression of fundamental cellular processes. The enzyme, which is the unique molecular target of the natural anticancer compound camptothecin, acts by cleaving one DNA strand and forming a transient protein-DNA covalent adduct. In this work the role of the Gly717 residue, located in a α-helix structure bridging the active site and the linker domain, has been investigated mutating it in Phe. The mutation gives rise to drug resistance in vivo as observed through a viability assay of yeast cells. In vitro activity assays show that the mutant is characterized by a fast religation rate, only partially reduced by the presence of the drug. Comparative molecular dynamics simulations of the native and mutant proteins indicate that the mutation of Gly717 affects the motion orientation of the linker domain, changing its interaction with the DNA substrate, likely affecting the strand rotation and religation rate. The mutation also causes a slight rearrangement of the active site and of the drug binding site, providing an additional explanation for the lowered effect of camptothecin toward the mutant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Wang
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Ilda D'Annessa
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Cinzia Tesauro
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Stefano Croce
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Alessio Ottaviani
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Paola Fiorani
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, CNR, Via Del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Desideri
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome 00133, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wright CM, van der Merwe M, DeBrot AH, Bjornsti MA. DNA topoisomerase I domain interactions impact enzyme activity and sensitivity to camptothecin. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:12068-78. [PMID: 25795777 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.635078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
During processes such as DNA replication and transcription, DNA topoisomerase I (Top1) catalyzes the relaxation of DNA supercoils. The nuclear enzyme is also the cellular target of camptothecin (CPT) chemotherapeutics. Top1 contains four domains: the highly conserved core and C-terminal domains involved in catalysis, a coiled-coil linker domain of variable length, and a poorly conserved N-terminal domain. Yeast and human Top1 share a common reaction mechanism and domain structure. However, the human Top1 is ∼100-fold more sensitive to CPT. Moreover, substitutions of a conserved Gly(717) residue, which alter intrinsic enzyme sensitivity to CPT, induce distinct phenotypes in yeast. To address the structural basis for these differences, reciprocal swaps of yeast and human Top1 domains were engineered in chimeric enzymes. Here we report that intrinsic Top1 sensitivity to CPT is dictated by the composition of the conserved core and C-terminal domains. However, independent of CPT, biochemically similar chimeric enzymes produced strikingly distinct phenotypes in yeast. Expression of a human Top1 chimera containing the yeast linker domain proved toxic, even in the context of a catalytically inactive Y723F enzyme. Lethality was suppressed either by splicing the yeast N-terminal domain into the chimera, deleting the human N-terminal residues, or in enzymes reconstituted by polypeptide complementation. These data demonstrate a functional interaction between the N-terminal and linker domains, which, when mispaired between yeast and human enzymes, induces cell lethality. Because toxicity was independent of enzyme catalysis, the inappropriate coordination of N-terminal and linker domains may induce aberrant Top1-protein interactions to impair cell growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine M Wright
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294 and
| | - Marié van der Merwe
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - Amanda H DeBrot
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294 and
| | - Mary-Ann Bjornsti
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294 and
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
D'Annessa I, Coletta A, Sutthibutpong T, Mitchell J, Chillemi G, Harris S, Desideri A. Simulations of DNA topoisomerase 1B bound to supercoiled DNA reveal changes in the flexibility pattern of the enzyme and a secondary protein-DNA binding site. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 42:9304-12. [PMID: 25056319 PMCID: PMC4132758 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human topoisomerase 1B has been simulated covalently bound to a negatively supercoiled DNA minicircle, and its behavior compared to the enzyme bound to a simple linear DNA duplex. The presence of the more realistic supercoiled substrate facilitates the formation of larger number of protein–DNA interactions when compared to a simple linear duplex fragment. The number of protein–DNA hydrogen bonds doubles in proximity to the active site, affecting all of the residues in the catalytic pentad. The clamp over the DNA, characterized by the salt bridge between Lys369 and Glu497, undergoes reduced fluctuations when bound to the supercoiled minicircle. The linker domain of the enzyme, which is implicated in the controlled relaxation of superhelical stress, also displays an increased number of contacts with the minicircle compared to linear DNA. Finally, the more complex topology of the supercoiled DNA minicircle gives rise to a secondary DNA binding site involving four residues located on subdomain III. The simulation trajectories reveal significant changes in the interactions between the enzyme and the DNA for the more complex DNA topology, which are consistent with the experimental observation that the protein has a preference for binding to supercoiled DNA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilda D'Annessa
- Department of Biology and Interuniversity Consortium, National Institute Biostructure and Biosystem (INBB), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Andrea Coletta
- Department of Biology and Interuniversity Consortium, National Institute Biostructure and Biosystem (INBB), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome 00133, Italy
| | | | - Jonathan Mitchell
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, SM2 5NG, UK
| | | | - Sarah Harris
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Alessandro Desideri
- Department of Biology and Interuniversity Consortium, National Institute Biostructure and Biosystem (INBB), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome 00133, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cortopassi WA, Penna-Coutinho J, Aguiar ACC, Pimentel AS, Buarque CD, Costa PRR, Alves BRM, França TCC, Krettli AU. Theoretical and experimental studies of new modified isoflavonoids as potential inhibitors of topoisomerase I from Plasmodium falciparum. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91191. [PMID: 24651068 PMCID: PMC3961230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA topoisomerase I from Plasmodium falciparum (PfTopoI), a potential selective target for chemotherapy and drug development against malaria, is used here, together with human Topo I (HssTopoI), for docking, molecular dynamics (MD) studies and experimental assays. Six synthetic isoflavonoid derivatives and the known PfTopoI inhibitors camptothecin and topotecan were evaluated in parallel. Theoretical results suggest that these compounds dock in the binding site of camptothecin and topotecan inside both enzymes and that LQB223 binds selectively in PfTopoI. In vitro tests against P. falciparum blood parasites corroborated the theoretical findings. The selectivity index (SI) of LQB223 ≥ 98 suggests that this molecule is the most promising in the group of compounds tested. In vivo experiments in mice infected with P. berghei showed that LQB223 has an antimalarial activity similar to that of chloroquine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wilian A. Cortopassi
- Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratório de Modelagem Aplicada a Defesa Química e Biológica, Instituto Militar de Engenharia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Julia Penna-Coutinho
- Laboratório de Malária, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Anna C. C. Aguiar
- Laboratório de Malária, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - André S. Pimentel
- Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Camilla D. Buarque
- Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo R. R. Costa
- Laboratório de Química Bioorgânica, Núcleo de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruna R. M. Alves
- Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tanos C. C. França
- Laboratório de Modelagem Aplicada a Defesa Química e Biológica, Instituto Militar de Engenharia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Antoniana U. Krettli
- Laboratório de Malária, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
The human topoisomerase 1B Arg634Ala mutation results in camptothecin resistance and loss of inter-domain motion correlation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2013; 1834:2712-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2013.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
13
|
Tesauro C, Morozzo della Rocca B, Ottaviani A, Coletta A, Zuccaro L, Arnò B, D'Annessa I, Fiorani P, Desideri A. Molecular mechanism of the camptothecin resistance of Glu710Gly topoisomerase IB mutant analyzed in vitro and in silico. Mol Cancer 2013; 12:100. [PMID: 24004603 PMCID: PMC3766703 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-12-100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA topoisomerases are key enzymes that modulate the topological state of DNA through the breaking and rejoining of DNA strands. Human topoisomerase IB can be inhibited by several compounds that act through different mechanisms, including clinically used drugs, such as the derivatives of the natural compound camptothecin that reversibly bind the covalent topoisomerase-DNA complex, slowing down the religation of the cleaved DNA strand, thus inducing cell death. Three enzyme mutations, which confer resistance to irinotecan in an adenocarcinoma cell line, were recently identified but the molecular mechanism of resistance was unclear. METHODS The three resistant mutants have been investigated in S. cerevisiae model system following their viability in presence of increasing amounts of camptothecin. A systematical analysis of the different catalytic steps has been made for one of these mutants (Glu710Gly) and has been correlated with its structural-dynamical properties studied by classical molecular dynamics simulation. RESULTS The three mutants display a different degree of camptothecin resistance in a yeast cell viability assay. Characterization of the different steps of the catalytic cycle of the Glu710Gly mutant indicated that its resistance is related to a high religation rate that is hardly affected by the presence of the drug. Analysis of the dynamic properties through simulation indicate that the mutant displays a much lower degree of correlation in the motion between the different protein domains and that the linker almost completely loses its correlation with the C-terminal domain, containing the active site tyrosine. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that a fully functional linker is required to confer camptothecin sensitivity to topoisomerase I since the destabilization of its structural-dynamical properties is correlated to an increase of religation rate and drug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Tesauro
- Department of Biology and Interuniversity Consortium, National Institute Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome 00133 Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|