1
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Mohseni-Moghaddam P, Khaleghzadeh-Ahangar H, Atabaki R. Role of Necroptosis, a Regulated Cell Death, in Seizure and Epilepsy. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:1-13. [PMID: 37646959 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-04010-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease that is characterized by spontaneous and recurrent seizures. Regulated cell death is a controlled process and has been shown to be involved in neurodegenerative diseases. Necroptosis is a type of regulated cell death, and its association with epilepsy has been documented. Necroptosis signaling can be divided into two pathways: canonical and non-canonical pathways. Inhibition of caspase-8, dimerization of receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIP1) and RIP3, activation of mixed-lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL), movement of MLKL to the plasma membrane, and cell rupture occurred in these pathways. Through literature review, it has been revealed that there is a relationship between seizure, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress. The seizure activity triggers the activation of various pathways within the central nervous system, including TNF-α/matrix metalloproteases, Neogenin and Calpain/ Jun N-terminal Kinase 1, which result in distinct responses in the brain. These responses involve the activation of neurons and astrocytes, consequently leading to an increase in the expression levels of proteins and genes such as RIP1, RIP3, and MLKL in a time-dependent manner in regions such as the hippocampus (CA1, CA3, dentate gyrus, and hilus), piriform cortex, and amygdala. Furthermore, the imbalance in calcium ions, depletion of adenosine triphosphate, and elevation of extracellular glutamate and potassium within these pathways lead to the progression of necroptosis, a reduction in seizure threshold, and increased susceptibility to epilepsy. Therefore, it is plausible that therapeutic targeting of these pathways could potentially provide a promising approach for managing seizures and epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvaneh Mohseni-Moghaddam
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Khaleghzadeh-Ahangar
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
- Immunoregulation Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Rabi Atabaki
- Shahid Fakouri High School, Department of Biology Education, Department of Education, Jouybar, Iran.
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2
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Cell wall integrity is compromised under temperature stress in Schizosaccharomyces pombe expressing a valproic acid-sensitive vas4 mutant. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13483. [PMID: 34188069 PMCID: PMC8242086 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92466-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA) is widely used as a eutherapeutic and safe anticonvulsant drug, but the mechanism is not well elucidated. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) were first identified as direct targets of VPA. Many loss-of function mutants in S. pombe have been shown to be VPA sensitive but not sensitive to other HDAC inhibitors, such as sodium butyrate or trichostatin A (TSA). This difference suggests that there are multiple VPA target genes. In the current study, we isolated a VPA-sensitive (vas) mutant, vas4-1, and cloned the VPA target gene vas4+/vrg4+ by performing complementation experiments. The vas4+/vrg4+ gene encodes a putative Golgi GDP-mannose transporter, Vrg4, which is highly homologous with ScVrg4p. Physiological experiments indicated that SpVrg4p is involved in maintaining cell wall integrity (CWI) under high- or low-temperature stress. The results of a coimmunoprecipitation assay suggested that SpVrg4p may be transferred from the ER to the Golgi through SpGot1p loaded COPII vesicles, and both single and double mutations (S263C and A271V) in SpVrg4p compromised this transfer. Our results suggested that CWI in S. pombe is compromised under temperature stress by the VPA-sensitive vas4 mutant.
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3
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Inamura SI, Tanabe T, Kawamukai M, Matsuo Y. Expression of Mug14 is regulated by the transcription factor Rst2 through the cAMP-dependent protein kinase pathway in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Curr Genet 2021; 67:807-821. [PMID: 34086083 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-021-01194-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The cAMP-dependent protein kinase (Pka1) regulates many cellular events, including sexual development and glycogenesis, and response to the limitation of glucose, in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Despite its importance in many cellular events, the targets of the cAMP/PKA pathway have not been fully investigated. Here, we demonstrate that the expression of mug14 is induced by downregulation of the cAMP/PKA pathway and limitation of glucose. This regulation is dependent on the function of Rst2, a transcription factor that regulates transition from mitosis to meiosis. The loss of the C2H2-type zinc finger domain in Rst2, termed Rst2 (C2H2∆), abolished the induction of Mug14 expression. Upon deletion of the stress starvation response element of the S. pombe (STREP: CCCCTC) sequence, which is a potential binding site of Rst2 on mug14, in the pka1∆ strain, its induction was abolished. The expression of Mug14 was significantly reduced and delayed by the limitation of glucose and also by nitrogen starvation in the rst2∆ strain. Mug14 is known to share a common function with Mde1 and Mta3 in the methionine salvage pathway, but the expression of mde1 and mta3 mRNAs was not enhanced by pka1 deletion and limitation of glucose. We conclude that the expression of Mug14 is upregulated by Rst2 under the control of the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway, which senses the limitation of glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ich Inamura
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, Matsue, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Takuma Tanabe
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shimane University, Matsue, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Makoto Kawamukai
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, Matsue, 690-8504, Japan.,Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shimane University, Matsue, 690-8504, Japan.,Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, Matsue, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Matsuo
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, Matsue, 690-8504, Japan. .,Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shimane University, Matsue, 690-8504, Japan. .,Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, Matsue, 690-8504, Japan.
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4
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Yang Y, Liu Q, Jiang G, Chen S, Zhou L, Sakamoto N, Kuno T, Fang Y, Yao F. Genome-wide screen reveals important roles for ESCRT proteins in drug/ion resistance of fission yeast. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198516. [PMID: 29856841 PMCID: PMC5983419 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To study sodium homeostasis, we performed a genome-wide screen for deletion strains that show resistance to NaCl. We identified 34 NaCl-resistant strains. Among them, the largest group that consists of 10 genes related to membrane trafficking and 7 out of 10 genes are ESCRT proteins which are involved in cargo transportation into luminal vesicles within the multivesicular body. All of the ESCRT related mutants which showed sodium resistance also showed defects in vacuole fusion. To further understand the role of the ESCRT pathway in various ion homeostasis, we examined sensitivity of these ESCRT mutants to various cation salts other than NaCl, including KCl, LiCl, CaCl2, CoCl2, MgCl2, NiSO4 and MnCl2. While these ESCRT mutants showed resistance to LiCl, CoCl2 and MgCl2, they showed sensitivity to KCl, CaCl2, NiSO4 and MnCl2. Then we examined sensitivity of these ESCRT mutants to various drugs which are known to inhibit the growth of fission yeast cells. While these ESCRT mutants were more or equally sensitive to most of the drugs tested as compared to the wild-type cells, they showed resistance to some drugs such as tamoxifen, fluorouracil and amiodarone. These results suggest that the ESCRT pathway plays important roles in drug/ion resistance of fission yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikun Yang
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiannan Liu
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guanglie Jiang
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lina Zhou
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Norihiro Sakamoto
- Division of Food and Drug Evaluation Science, Department of Social/Community Medicine and Health Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Kuno
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Division of Food and Drug Evaluation Science, Department of Social/Community Medicine and Health Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yue Fang
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fan Yao
- Department of Breast Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Research Unit of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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5
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Chaillot J, Tebbji F, García C, Wurtele H, Pelletier R, Sellam A. pH-Dependant Antifungal Activity of Valproic Acid against the Human Fungal Pathogen Candida albicans. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1956. [PMID: 29062309 PMCID: PMC5640775 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Current antifungal drugs suffer from limitations including toxicity, the emergence of resistance and decreased efficacy at low pH that are typical of human vaginal surfaces. Here, we have shown that the antipsychotic drug valproic acid (VPA) exhibited a strong antifungal activity against both sensitive and resistant Candida albicans in pH condition similar to that encountered in vagina. VPA exerted a strong anti-biofilm activity and attenuated damage of vaginal epithelial cells caused by C. albicans. We also showed that VPA synergizes with the allylamine antifungal, Terbinafine. We undertook a chemogenetic screen to delineate biological processes that underlies VPA-sensitivity in C. albicans and found that vacuole-related genes were required to tolerate VPA. Confocal fluorescence live-cell imaging revealed that VPA alters vacuole integrity and support a model where alteration of vacuoles contributes to the antifungal activity. Taken together, this study suggests that VPA could be used as an effective antifungal against vulvovaginal candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Chaillot
- Infectious Diseases Research Centre-CRI, Research Center of the CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Faiza Tebbji
- Infectious Diseases Research Centre-CRI, Research Center of the CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Carlos García
- Infectious Diseases Research Centre-CRI, Research Center of the CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Hugo Wurtele
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - René Pelletier
- Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Research Center of the CHU de Québec, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Adnane Sellam
- Infectious Diseases Research Centre-CRI, Research Center of the CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Infectious Disease and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
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6
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Thakran P, Pandit PA, Datta S, Kolathur KK, Pleiss JA, Mishra SK. Sde2 is an intron-specific pre-mRNA splicing regulator activated by ubiquitin-like processing. EMBO J 2017; 37:89-101. [PMID: 28947618 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201796751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of intron-containing genes in eukaryotes requires generation of protein-coding messenger RNAs (mRNAs) via RNA splicing, whereby the spliceosome removes non-coding introns from pre-mRNAs and joins exons. Spliceosomes must ensure accurate removal of highly diverse introns. We show that Sde2 is a ubiquitin-fold-containing splicing regulator that supports splicing of selected pre-mRNAs in an intron-specific manner in Schizosaccharomyces pombe Both fission yeast and human Sde2 are translated as inactive precursor proteins harbouring the ubiquitin-fold domain linked through an invariant GGKGG motif to a C-terminal domain (referred to as Sde2-C). Precursor processing after the first di-glycine motif by the ubiquitin-specific proteases Ubp5 and Ubp15 generates a short-lived activated Sde2-C fragment with an N-terminal lysine residue, which subsequently gets incorporated into spliceosomes. Absence of Sde2 or defects in Sde2 activation both result in inefficient excision of selected introns from a subset of pre-mRNAs. Sde2 facilitates spliceosomal association of Cactin/Cay1, with a functional link between Sde2 and Cactin further supported by genetic interactions and pre-mRNA splicing assays. These findings suggest that ubiquitin-like processing of Sde2 into a short-lived activated form may function as a checkpoint to ensure proper splicing of certain pre-mRNAs in fission yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Thakran
- Max Planck - DST Partner Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Centre for Protein Science Design and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Prashant Arun Pandit
- Max Planck - DST Partner Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Centre for Protein Science Design and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Sumanjit Datta
- Max Planck - DST Partner Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Centre for Protein Science Design and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Kiran Kumar Kolathur
- Max Planck - DST Partner Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Centre for Protein Science Design and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Jeffrey A Pleiss
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Shravan Kumar Mishra
- Max Planck - DST Partner Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Centre for Protein Science Design and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Mohali, Punjab, India
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7
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Valproate inhibits MAP kinase signalling and cell cycle progression in S. cerevisiae. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36013. [PMID: 27782169 PMCID: PMC5080547 DOI: 10.1038/srep36013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of action of valproate (VPA), a widely prescribed short chain fatty acid with anticonvulsant and anticancer properties, remains poorly understood. Here, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used as model to investigate the biological consequences of VPA exposure. We found that low pH strongly potentiates VPA-induced growth inhibition. Transcriptional profiling revealed that under these conditions, VPA modulates the expression of genes involved in diverse cellular processes including protein folding, cell wall organisation, sexual reproduction, and cell cycle progression. We further investigated the impact of VPA on selected processes and found that this drug: i) activates markers of the unfolded protein stress response such as Hac1 mRNA splicing; ii) modulates the cell wall integrity pathway by inhibiting the activation of the Slt2 MAP kinase, and synergizes with cell wall stressors such as micafungin and calcofluor white in preventing yeast growth; iii) prevents activation of the Kss1 and Fus3 MAP kinases of the mating pheromone pathway, which in turn abolishes cellular responses to alpha factor; and iv) blocks cell cycle progression and DNA replication. Overall, our data identify heretofore unknown biological responses to VPA in budding yeast, and highlight the broad spectrum of cellular pathways influenced by this chemical in eukaryotes.
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8
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Combined Transcriptomics and Chemical-Genetics Reveal Molecular Mode of Action of Valproic acid, an Anticancer Molecule using Budding Yeast Model. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35322. [PMID: 27734932 PMCID: PMC5062167 DOI: 10.1038/srep35322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Valproic acid (VA) is a pharmacologically important histone deacetylase inhibitor that recently garnered attention as an anticancer agent. Since the molecular mechanisms behind the multiple effects of VA are unclear, this study was aimed to unravel the comprehensive cellular processes affected by VA and its molecular targets in vivo using budding yeast as a model organism. Interestingly, genome-wide transcriptome analysis of cells treated with VA showed differential regulation of 30% of the genome. Functional enrichment analysis of VA transcriptome evidenced alteration of various cellular processes including cell cycle, cell wall biogenesis, DNA repair, ion homeostasis, metabolism, stress response, transport and ribosomal biogenesis, etc. Moreover, our genetic screening analysis revealed VA molecular targets belonging to oxidative and osmotic stress, DNA repair, cell wall integrity, and iron homeostasis. Further, our results demonstrated the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) Hog1 (p38) and Slt2 (p44/42) upon VA treatment. Our results also exhibited that VA acts through alteration of mitochondrial, ER architecture and functions. Especially, VA effects were neutralized in cells lacking lipid particles. Altogether, our results deciphered the novel molecular insights and mechanistic links to strengthen our knowledge on diverse cellular effects of VA along with its probable therapeutic targets and detoxification approaches.
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9
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Chen JS, Beckley JR, Ren L, Feoktistova A, Jensen MA, Rhind N, Gould KL. Discovery of genes involved in mitosis, cell division, cell wall integrity and chromosome segregation through construction of Schizosaccharomyces pombe deletion strains. Yeast 2016; 33:507-17. [PMID: 27168121 DOI: 10.1002/yea.3172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The fission yeast model system Schizosaccharomyces pombe is used to study fundamental biological processes. To continue to fill gaps in the Sz. pombe gene deletion collection, we constructed a set of 90 haploid gene deletion strains covering many previously uncharacterized genes. To begin to understand the function of these genes, we exposed this collection of strains to a battery of stress conditions. Using this information in combination with microscopy, proteomics and mini-chromosome loss assays, we identified genes involved in cell wall integrity, cytokinesis, chromosome segregation and DNA metabolism. This subset of non-essential gene deletions will add to the toolkits available for the study of biological processes in Sz. pombe. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Song Chen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Janel R Beckley
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Liping Ren
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Anna Feoktistova
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Michael A Jensen
- Genome Technology Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas Rhind
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Kathleen L Gould
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
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10
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Nguyen TTT, Chua JKK, Seah KS, Koo SH, Yee JY, Yang EG, Lim KK, Pang SYW, Yuen A, Zhang L, Ang WH, Dymock B, Lee EJD, Chen ES. Predicting chemotherapeutic drug combinations through gene network profiling. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18658. [PMID: 26791325 PMCID: PMC4726371 DOI: 10.1038/srep18658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Contemporary chemotherapeutic treatments incorporate the use of several agents in combination. However, selecting the most appropriate drugs for such therapy is not necessarily an easy or straightforward task. Here, we describe a targeted approach that can facilitate the reliable selection of chemotherapeutic drug combinations through the interrogation of drug-resistance gene networks. Our method employed single-cell eukaryote fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) as a model of proliferating cells to delineate a drug resistance gene network using a synthetic lethality workflow. Using the results of a previous unbiased screen, we assessed the genetic overlap of doxorubicin with six other drugs harboring varied mechanisms of action. Using this fission yeast model, drug-specific ontological sub-classifications were identified through the computation of relative hypersensitivities. We found that human gastric adenocarcinoma cells can be sensitized to doxorubicin by concomitant treatment with cisplatin, an intra-DNA strand crosslinking agent, and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, a histone deacetylase inhibitor. Our findings point to the utility of fission yeast as a model and the differential targeting of a conserved gene interaction network when screening for successful chemotherapeutic drug combinations for human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thuy Trang Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore
| | - Jacqueline Kia Kee Chua
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kwi Shan Seah
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore
| | - Seok Hwee Koo
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Changi General Hospital, Ministry of Health, Singapore
| | - Jie Yin Yee
- National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore.,Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eugene Guorong Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kim Kiat Lim
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore
| | | | - Audrey Yuen
- School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Singapore Polytechnic, Singapore
| | - Louxin Zhang
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wee Han Ang
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Brian Dymock
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Edmund Jon Deoon Lee
- National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore.,Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ee Sin Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore.,NUS Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore.,NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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11
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Quesnel DM, Oldenburg TBP, Larter SR, Gieg LM, Chua G. Biostimulation of Oil Sands Process-Affected Water with Phosphate Yields Removal of Sulfur-Containing Organics and Detoxification. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:13012-13020. [PMID: 26448451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The ability to mitigate toxicity of oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) for return into the environment is an important issue for effective tailings management in Alberta, Canada. OSPW toxicity has been linked to classical naphthenic acids (NAs), but the toxic contribution of other acid-extractable organics (AEOs) remains unknown. Here, we examine the potential for in situ bioremediation of OSPW AEOs by indigenous algae. Phosphate biostimulation was performed in OSPW to promote the growth of indigenous photosynthetic microorganisms and subsequent toxicity and chemical changes were determined. After 12 weeks, the AEO fraction of phosphate-biostimulated OSPW was significantly less toxic to the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe than unstimulated OSPW. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) analysis of the AEO fraction in phosphate-biostimulated OSPW showed decreased levels of SO3 class compounds, including a subset that may represent linear arylsulfonates. A screen with S. pombe transcription factor mutant strains for growth sensitivity to the AEO fraction or sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate revealed a mode of toxic action consistent with oxidative stress and detrimental effects on cellular membranes. These findings demonstrate a potential algal-based in situ bioremediation strategy for OSPW AEOs and uncover a link between toxicity and AEOs other than classical NAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean M Quesnel
- Department of Biological Sciences, and ‡PRG, Department of Geosciences, University of Calgary , 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Thomas B P Oldenburg
- Department of Biological Sciences, and ‡PRG, Department of Geosciences, University of Calgary , 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Stephen R Larter
- Department of Biological Sciences, and ‡PRG, Department of Geosciences, University of Calgary , 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Lisa M Gieg
- Department of Biological Sciences, and ‡PRG, Department of Geosciences, University of Calgary , 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Gordon Chua
- Department of Biological Sciences, and ‡PRG, Department of Geosciences, University of Calgary , 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta Canada T2N 1N4
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12
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Abstract
Next-generation sequencing approaches have considerably advanced our understanding of genome function and regulation. However, the knowledge of gene function and complex cellular processes remains a challenge and bottleneck in biological research. Phenomics is a rapidly emerging area, which seeks to rigorously characterize all phenotypes associated with genes or gene variants. Such high-throughput phenotyping under different conditions can be a potent approach toward gene function. The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe (S. pombe) is a proven eukaryotic model organism that is increasingly used for genomewide screens and phenomic assays. In this review, we highlight current large-scale, cell-based approaches used with S. pombe, including computational colony-growth measurements, genetic interaction screens, parallel profiling using barcodes, microscopy-based cell profiling, metabolomic methods and transposon mutagenesis. These diverse methods are starting to offer rich insights into the relationship between genotypes and phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos Rallis
- a Research Department of Genetics , Evolution and Environment and UCL Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London , London , UK
| | - Jürg Bähler
- a Research Department of Genetics , Evolution and Environment and UCL Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London , London , UK
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13
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Mojardín L, Botet J, Moreno S, Salas M. Chromosome segregation and organization are targets of 5'-Fluorouracil in eukaryotic cells. Cell Cycle 2015; 14:206-18. [PMID: 25483073 DOI: 10.4161/15384101.2014.974425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The antimetabolite 5'-Fluorouracil (5FU) is an analog of uracil commonly employed as a chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of a range of cancers including colorectal tumors. To assess the cellular effects of 5FU, we performed a genome-wide screening of the haploid deletion library of the eukaryotic model Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Our analysis validated previously characterized drug targets including RNA metabolism, but it also revealed unexpected mechanisms of action associated with chromosome segregation and organization (post-translational histone modification, histone exchange, heterochromatin). Further analysis showed that 5FU affects the heterochromatin structure (decreased levels of histone H3 lysine 9 methylation) and silencing (down-regulation of heterochromatic dg/dh transcripts). To our knowledge, this is the first time that defects in heterochromatin have been correlated with increased cytotoxicity to an anticancer drug. Moreover, the segregation of chromosomes, a process that requires an intact heterochromatin at centromeres, was impaired after drug exposure. These defects could be related to the induction of genes involved in chromatid cohesion and kinetochore assembly. Interestingly, we also observed that thiabendazole, a microtubule-destabilizing agent, synergistically enhanced the cytotoxic effects of 5FU. These findings point to new targets and drug combinations that could potentiate the effectiveness of 5FU-based treatments.
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Key Words
- 5FU, 5′-Fluorouracil, 5FU
- 5′-Fluorouracil
- Anticancer drug
- CENP-A, centromere-associated protein A
- CLRC, Clr4 methyltransferase complex
- ChIP, chromatin immunoprecipitation
- FUTP, fluorouridine triphosphate
- FdUMP, fluorodeoxyuridine monophosphate
- FdUTP, fluorodeoxyuridine triphosphate
- G1 phase, gap 1 phase of cell cycle
- GO, Gene Ontology
- H3K9me, H3 lysine 9 methylation
- HAT, histone acetyltransferase
- HDAC, histone deacetylase
- HMT, histone methyltransferase
- HP1, heterochromatin protein 1
- HULC, histone H2B ubiquitin ligase complex
- MNAse, micrococcal nuclease
- RDRC, RNA-directed RNA polymerase complex
- RITS, RNA-induced transcriptional silencing
- RNAi, interference RNA
- S phase, synthesis phase of cell cycle
- Schizosaccharomyces pombe
- TBZ, thiabendazole
- centromere
- chromosome organization
- chromosome segregation
- cnt, central core
- dsRNA, double-stranded RNA
- heterochromatin
- histone modification
- imr, innermost repeats
- siRNA, small interfering RNA
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mojardín
- a Instituto de Biología Molecular "Eladio Viñuela" (CSIC), Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-Universidad Autónoma) ; Cantoblanco , Madrid , Spain
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14
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Brandão FAS, Derengowski LS, Albuquerque P, Nicola AM, Silva-Pereira I, Poças-Fonseca MJ. Histone deacetylases inhibitors effects on Cryptococcus neoformans major virulence phenotypes. Virulence 2015; 6:618-30. [PMID: 26103530 PMCID: PMC4720250 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2015.1038014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans undergoes phenotypical changes during host infection in order to promote persistence and survival. Studies have demonstrated that such adaptations require alterations in gene transcription networks by distinct mechanisms. Drugs such as the histone deacetylases inhibitors (HDACi) Sodium Butyrate (NaBut) and Trichostatin A (TSA) can alter the chromatin conformation and have been used to modulate epigenetic states in the treatment of diseases such as cancer. In this work, we have studied the effect of NaBut and TSA on the expression of C. neoformans major virulence phenotypes and on the survival rate of an animal model infected with drugs-treated yeasts. Both drugs affected fungal growth at 37°C more intensely than at 30°C; nonetheless, drugs did not affect cell viability at the concentrations we studied. HDACi also provoked the reduction of the fungal capsule expansion. Phospholipases enzyme activity decreased; mating process and melanin synthesis were also affected by both inhibitors. NaBut led to an increase in the population of cells in G2/M. Treated yeast cells, which were washed in order to remove the drugs from the culture medium prior to the inoculation in the Galleria mellonela infection model, did not cause significant difference at the host survival curve when compared to non-treated cells. Overall, NaBut effects on the impairment of C. neoformans main virulence factors were more intense and stable than the TSA effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana AS Brandão
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology; Department of Cell Biology; Institute of Biological Sciences; University of Brasilia; Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Lorena S Derengowski
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology; Department of Cell Biology; Institute of Biological Sciences; University of Brasilia; Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Albuquerque
- Faculty of Ceilandia; University of Brasilia; Brasilia, DF, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Tropical Medicine; University of Brasilia; Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - André M Nicola
- Graduate Program in Tropical Medicine; University of Brasilia; Brasilia, DF, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology; Catholic University of Brasilia; Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Ildinete Silva-Pereira
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology; Department of Cell Biology; Institute of Biological Sciences; University of Brasilia; Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Marcio J Poças-Fonseca
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Mutagenesis; Department of Genetics and Morphology; Institute of Biological Sciences; University of Brasilia; Brasilia, DF, Brazil
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15
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Doi A, Fujimoto A, Sato S, Uno T, Kanda Y, Asami K, Tanaka Y, Kita A, Satoh R, Sugiura R. Chemical genomics approach to identify genes associated with sensitivity to rapamycin in the fission yeastSchizosaccharomyces pombe. Genes Cells 2015; 20:292-309. [DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Doi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kinki University; Kowakae 3-4-1 Higashi-Osaka 577-8502 Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; 1-8 Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 102-8472 Japan
| | - Ayumi Fujimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kinki University; Kowakae 3-4-1 Higashi-Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Shun Sato
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kinki University; Kowakae 3-4-1 Higashi-Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Takaya Uno
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kinki University; Kowakae 3-4-1 Higashi-Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Yuki Kanda
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kinki University; Kowakae 3-4-1 Higashi-Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Keita Asami
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kinki University; Kowakae 3-4-1 Higashi-Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Yuriko Tanaka
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kinki University; Kowakae 3-4-1 Higashi-Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Ayako Kita
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kinki University; Kowakae 3-4-1 Higashi-Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Ryosuke Satoh
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kinki University; Kowakae 3-4-1 Higashi-Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Reiko Sugiura
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kinki University; Kowakae 3-4-1 Higashi-Osaka 577-8502 Japan
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Identification of new players in cell division, DNA damage response, and morphogenesis through construction of Schizosaccharomyces pombe deletion strains. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2014; 5:361-70. [PMID: 25552606 PMCID: PMC4349090 DOI: 10.1534/g3.114.015701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Many fundamental biological processes are studied using the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Here we report the construction of a set of 281 haploid gene deletion strains covering many previously uncharacterized genes. This collection of strains was tested for growth under a variety of different stress conditions. We identified new genes involved in DNA metabolism, completion of the cell cycle, and morphogenesis. This subset of nonessential gene deletions will add to the toolkits available for the study of biological processes in S. pombe.
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