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Tudurí E, Soriano S, Almagro L, García-Heredia A, Rafacho A, Alonso-Magdalena P, Nadal Á, Quesada I. The effects of aging on male mouse pancreatic β-cell function involve multiple events in the regulation of secretion: influence of insulin sensitivity. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 77:405-415. [PMID: 34562079 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with a decline in peripheral insulin sensitivity and an increased risk of impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes. During conditions of reduced insulin sensitivity, pancreatic β-cells undergo adaptive responses to increase insulin secretion and maintain euglycemia. However, the existence and nature of β-cell adaptations and/or alterations during aging are still a matter of debate. In this study, we investigated the effects of aging on β-cell function from control (3-month-old) and aged (20-month-old) mice. Aged animals were further categorized in two groups: high insulin sensitive (aged-HIS) and low insulin sensitive (aged-LIS). Aged-LIS mice were hyperinsulinemic, glucose intolerant and displayed impaired glucose-stimulated insulin and C-peptide secretion, whereas aged-HIS animals showed characteristics in glucose homeostasis similar to controls. In isolated β-cells, we observed that glucose-induced inhibition of KATP channel activity was reduced with aging, particularly in the aged-LIS group. Glucose-induced islet NAD(P)H production was decreased in aged mice, suggesting impaired mitochondrial function. In contrast, voltage-gated Ca 2+ currents were higher in aged-LIS β-cells, and pancreatic islets of both aged groups displayed increased glucose-induced Ca 2+ signaling and augmented insulin secretion compared with controls. Morphological analysis of pancreas sections also revealed augmented β-cell mass with aging, especially in the aged-LIS group, as well as ultrastructural β-cell changes. Altogether, these findings indicate that aged mouse β-cells compensate for the aging-induced alterations in the stimulus-secretion coupling, particularly by adjusting their Ca 2+ influx to ensure insulin secretion. These results also suggest that decreased peripheral insulin sensitivity exacerbates the effects of aging on β-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Tudurí
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - Sergi Soriano
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain.,Departamento de Fisiología, Genética y Microbiología, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Lucía Almagro
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - Anabel García-Heredia
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - Alex Rafacho
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Paloma Alonso-Magdalena
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - Ángel Nadal
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - Ivan Quesada
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain
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2
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Ramzy A, Tudurí E, Glavas MM, Baker RK, Mojibian M, Fox JK, O'Dwyer SM, Dai D, Hu X, Denroche HC, Edeer N, Gray SL, Verchere CB, Johnson JD, Kieffer TJ. AAV8 Ins1-Cre can produce efficient β-cell recombination but requires consideration of off-target effects. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10518. [PMID: 32601405 PMCID: PMC7324556 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67136-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In vivo genetic manipulation is used to study the impact of gene deletion or re-expression on β-cell function and organism physiology. Cre-LoxP is a system wherein LoxP sites flanking a gene are recognized by Cre recombinase. Cre transgenic mice are the most prevalent technology used to deliver Cre but many models have caveats of off-target recombination, impaired β-cell function, and high cost of animal production. Inducible estrogen receptor conjugated Cre models face leaky recombination and confounding effects of tamoxifen. As an alternative, we characterize an adeno associated virus (AAV) with a rat insulin 1 promoter driving Cre recombinase (AAV8 Ins1-Cre) that is economical and rapid to implement, and has limited caveats. Intraperitoneal AAV8 Ins1-Cre produced efficient β-cell recombination, alongside some hepatic, exocrine pancreas, α-cell, δ-cell, and hypothalamic recombination. Delivery of lower doses via the pancreatic duct retained good rates of β-cell recombination and limited rates of off-target recombination. Unlike inducible Cre in transgenic mice, AAV8 Ins1-Cre required no tamoxifen and premature recombination was avoided. We demonstrate the utility of this technology by inducing hyperglycemia in inducible insulin knockout mice (Ins1−/−;Ins2f/f). AAV-mediated expression of Cre in β-cells provides an effective alternative to transgenic approaches for inducible knockout studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Ramzy
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Eva Tudurí
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Elche, Spain
| | - Maria M Glavas
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Robert K Baker
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Majid Mojibian
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jessica K Fox
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Shannon M O'Dwyer
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Derek Dai
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Xiaoke Hu
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Heather C Denroche
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nazde Edeer
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sarah L Gray
- Northern Medical Program, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cameron B Verchere
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - James D Johnson
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Timothy J Kieffer
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. .,Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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Al-Shibli SM, Harun N, Ashour AE, Mohd Kasmuri MHB, Mizan S. Expression of leptin and leptin receptors in colorectal cancer-an immunohistochemical study. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7624. [PMID: 31592340 PMCID: PMC6778430 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is demonstrated to be a risk factor in the development of cancers of various organs, such as colon, prostate, pancreas and so on. Leptine (LEP) is the most renowned of the adipokines. As a hormone, it mediates its effect through leptin receptor (LEPR), which is widely expressed in various tissues including colon mucosa. In this study, we have investigated the degree of expression of LEP and LEPR in colorectal cancer (CRC). We collected 44 surgically resected colon cancer tissues along with normal adjacent colon tissue (NACT) from a sample of CRC patients from the Malaysian population and looked for leptin and leptin receptors using immunohistochemistry (IHC). All the samples showed low presence of both LEP and LEPR in NACT, while both LEP and LEPR were present at high intensity in the cancerous tissues with 100% and 97.7% prevalence, respectively. Both were sparsed in the cytoplasm and were concentrated beneath the cell membrane. However, we did not find any significant correlation between their expression and pathological parameters like grade, tumor size, and lymph node involvement. Our study further emphasizes the possible causal role of LEP and LEPR with CRC, and also the prospect of using LEPR as a possible therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad M Al-Shibli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, International Islamic University, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Norra Harun
- Pathology Department, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Abdelkader E Ashour
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, International Islamic University, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hanif B Mohd Kasmuri
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, International Islamic University, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Shaikh Mizan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, International Islamic University, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
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Piekarski A, Nagarajan G, Ishola P, Flees J, Greene ES, Kuenzel WJ, Ohkubo T, Maier H, Bottje WG, Cline MA, Dridi S. AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Mediates the Effect of Leptin on Avian Autophagy in a Tissue-Specific Manner. Front Physiol 2018; 9:541. [PMID: 29867578 PMCID: PMC5963154 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy, a highly conserved intracellular self-digestion process, plays an integral role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Although emerging evidence indicate that the endocrine system regulates autophagy in mammals, there is still a scarcity of information on autophagy in avian (non-mammalian) species. Here, we show that intracerebroventricular administration of leptin reduces feed intake, modulates the expression of feeding-related hypothalamic neuropeptides, activates leptin receptor and signal transducer and activator of transcription (Ob-Rb/STAT) pathway, and significantly increases the expression of autophagy-related proteins (Atg3, Atg5, Atg7, beclin1, and LC3B) in chicken hypothalamus, liver, and muscle. Similarly, leptin treatment activates Ob-Rb/STAT pathway and increased the expression of autophagy-related markers in chicken hypothalamic organotypic cultures, muscle (QM7) and hepatocyte (Sim-CEL) cell cultures as well as in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO-K1) cells-overexpressing chicken Ob-Rb and STAT3. To define the downstream mediator(s) of leptin's effects on autophagy, we determined the role of the master energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Leptin treatment significantly increased the phosphorylated levels of AMPKα1/2 at Thr172 site in chicken hypothalamus and liver, but not in muscle. Likewise, AMPKα1/2 was activated by leptin in chicken hypothalamic organotypic culture and Sim-CEL, but not in QM7 cells. Blocking AMPK activity by compound C reverses the autophagy-inducing effect of leptin. Together, these findings indicate that AMPK mediates the effect of leptin on chicken autophagy in a tissue-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alissa Piekarski
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Gurueswar Nagarajan
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Peter Ishola
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Joshua Flees
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Elizabeth S. Greene
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Wayne J. Kuenzel
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Takeshi Ohkubo
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Helena Maier
- Nidovirus-Cell Interactions Group, The Pirbright Institute, Woking, United Kingdom
| | - Walter G. Bottje
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Mark A. Cline
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Sami Dridi
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
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Tudurí E, Beiroa D, Porteiro B, López M, Diéguez C, Nogueiras R. Acute but not chronic activation of brain glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in mice. Diabetes Obes Metab 2015; 17:789-99. [PMID: 25962313 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the role of brain glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in pancreatic β-cell function. METHODS To determine the role of brain GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) on β-cell function, we administered intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusions of GLP-1 or the specific GLP-1 antagonist exendin-9 (Ex-9), in both an acute and a chronic setting. RESULTS We observed that acute i.c.v. GLP-1 infusion potentiates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and improves glucose tolerance, whereas central GLP-1R blockade with Ex-9 impaired glucose excursion after a glucose load. Sustained activation of central nervous system GLP-1R, however, did not produce any effect on either GSIS or glucose tolerance. Similarly, ex vivo GSIS performed in islets from mice chronically infused with i.c.v. GLP-1 resulted in no differences compared with controls. In addition, in mice fed a high-fat diet we observed that acute i.c.v. GLP-1 infusion improved glucose tolerance without changes in GSIS, while chronic GLP-1R activation had no effect on glucose homeostasis. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that, under non-clamped conditions, brain GLP-1 plays a functional neuroendocrine role in the acute regulation of glucose homeostasis in both lean and obese rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Tudurí
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - D Beiroa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - B Porteiro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M López
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - C Diéguez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - R Nogueiras
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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6
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Soedling H, Hodson DJ, Adrianssens AE, Gribble FM, Reimann F, Trapp S, Rutter GA. Limited impact on glucose homeostasis of leptin receptor deletion from insulin- or proglucagon-expressing cells. Mol Metab 2015; 4:619-30. [PMID: 26413468 PMCID: PMC4563029 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2015.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The adipose tissue-derived hormone leptin plays an important role in the maintenance of body weight and glucose homeostasis. Leptin mediates its effects by interaction with leptin receptors (LepRb), which are highly expressed in the hypothalamus and other brain centres, and at lower levels in the periphery. Previous studies have used relatively promiscuous or inefficient Cre deleter strains, respectively, to explore the roles of LepR in pancreatic β and α cells. Here, we use two newly-developed Cre lines to explore the role of leptin signalling in insulin and proglucagon-expressing cells. METHODS Leptin receptor expression was measured in isolated mouse islets and highly-purified islet cells by RNASeq and quantitative RT-PCR. Mice lacking leptin signalling in pancreatic β, or in α and other proglucagon-expressing cells, were generated using Ins1Cre- or iGluCre-mediated recombination respectively of flox'd leptin receptor alleles. In vivo glucose homeostasis, changes in body weight, pancreatic histology and hormone secretion from isolated islets were assessed using standard techniques. RESULTS Leptin receptor mRNA levels were at or below the level of detection in wild-type adult mouse isolated islets and purified cells, and leptin signalling to Stat3 phosphorylation was undetectable. Whereas male mice further deleted for leptin receptors in β cells exhibited no abnormalities in glucose tolerance up to 16 weeks of age, females transiently displayed improved glucose tolerance at 8 weeks (11.2 ± 3.2% decrease in area under curve; p < 0.05), and improved (39.0 ± 13.0%, P < 0.05) glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in vitro. No differences were seen between genotypes in body weight, fasting glucose or β/α cell ratio. Deletion of LepR from α-cells, a minority of β cells, and a subset of proglucagon-expressing cells in the brain, exerted no effects on body weight, glucose or insulin tolerance, nor on pancreatic hormone secretion assessed in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The use here of a highly selective Cre recombinase indicates that leptin signalling plays a relatively minor, age- and sex-dependent role in the control of β cell function in the mouse. No in vivo role for leptin receptors on α cells, nor in other proglucagon-expressing cells, was detected in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Soedling
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - David J Hodson
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | | | - Fiona M Gribble
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Cambridge, UK
| | - Frank Reimann
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stefan Trapp
- Centre for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
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