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Song PN, Lynch SE, DeMellier CT, Mansur A, Gallegos CA, Wright BD, Hartman YE, Minton LE, Lapi SE, Warram JM, Sorace AG. Dual anti-HER2/EGFR inhibition synergistically increases therapeutic effects and alters tumor oxygenation in HNSCC. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3771. [PMID: 38355949 PMCID: PMC10866896 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52897-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and hypoxia are associated with radioresistance. The goal of this study is to study the synergy of anti-HER2, trastuzumab, and anti-EGFR, cetuximab, and characterize the tumor microenvironment components that may lead to increased radiation sensitivity with dual anti-HER2/EGFR therapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging ([89Zr]-panitumumab and [89Zr]-pertuzumab) was used to characterize EGFR and HER2 in HNSCC cell line tumors. HNSCC cells were treated with trastuzumab, cetuximab, or combination followed by radiation to assess for viability and radiosensitivity (colony forming assay, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry). In vivo, [18F]-FMISO-PET imaging was used to quantify changes in oxygenation during treatment. Bliss Test of Synergy was used to identify combination treatment synergy. Quantifying EGFR and HER2 receptor expression revealed a 50% increase in heterogeneity of HER2 relative to EGFR. In vitro, dual trastuzumab-cetuximab therapy shows significant decreases in DNA damage response and increased response to radiation therapy (p < 0.05). In vivo, tumors treated with dual anti-HER2/EGFR demonstrated decreased tumor hypoxia, when compared to single agent therapies. Dual trastuzumab-cetuximab demonstrates synergy and can affect tumor oxygenation in HNSCC. Combination trastuzumab-cetuximab modulates the tumor microenvironment through reductions in tumor hypoxia and induces sustained treatment synergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick N Song
- Department of Radiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1670 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
- Graduate Biomedical Sciences, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Shannon E Lynch
- Department of Radiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1670 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
- Graduate Biomedical Sciences, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Chloe T DeMellier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Ameer Mansur
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Carlos A Gallegos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Brian D Wright
- Department of Radiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1670 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Yolanda E Hartman
- Department of Otolaryngology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Laura E Minton
- Department of Otolaryngology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Suzanne E Lapi
- Department of Radiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1670 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Jason M Warram
- Department of Radiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1670 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Anna G Sorace
- Department of Radiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1670 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA.
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA.
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Nazari M, Emamzadeh R, Jahanpanah M, Yazdani E, Radmanesh R. A recombinant affitoxin derived from a HER3 affibody and diphteria-toxin has potent and selective antitumor activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 219:1122-1134. [PMID: 36041577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
High expression of receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-3 (HER3) has been found in several malignancies such as breast cancer. In this study, we designed, produced and evaluated a new affitoxin consisting of a truncated form of diphtheria toxin and a HER3-binding affibody domains. The new affitoxin was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by affinity chromatography. We evaluated the suitability of affitoxin to kill HER3 positive breast cancer cells with MTT and apoptosis assays. The protein synthesis inhibition was also evaluated. The IC50 value in HER3 negative cells is about 10 times more than HER3 positive cells in new design of affitoxin. The specificity of affitoxin for binding to HER3 positive cells was also investigated with binding assay with flow cytometry. The results show that, the new affitoxin is an anti-cancer molecule with specific binding to HER3 positive cells and may open a new window for the treatment of HER3-positive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboobeh Nazari
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Rahman Emamzadeh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Jahanpanah
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Yazdani
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Radmanesh
- Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Management, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Luo J, Li L, Zhu Z, Chang B, Deng F, Wang D, Lu X, Zuo D, Chen Q, Zhou J. Fucoidan inhibits EGFR redistribution and potentiates sorafenib to overcome sorafenib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113602. [PMID: 36029544 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although sorafenib is a standard first-line molecule-targeted drug against advanced HCC, the drug resistance development and adverse side effects usually limit its efficacy. This study investigated the effect of fucoidan on the sorafenib sensitivity of sorafenib-resistant human HCC cell line HepG2-SR established by long-time exposure of HepG2 to sorafenib. We demonstrated fucoidan combined with sorafenib synergistically promoted apoptosis and cell cycle arrest whereas inhibited cell migration in HepG2-SR cells. This combination treatment effectively suppressed the cellular epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) nuclear distribution and downstream gene transcription. Interestingly, fucoidan bound the cell surface EGFR, dampening EGFR translocation to lipid raft and further nuclear distribution, restoring the sorafenib sensitivity in HepG2-SR cells. Blocking fucoidan-EGFR interaction using EGFR antibody restrained the enhanced anti-tumor effects upon the combined administration. Besides, EGFR knockdown abolished the combination treatment-improved anti-tumor efficacy. This combination also suppressed in vivo xenograft tumor growth in nude mice. Our present study uncovered that fucoidan overcame sorafenib resistance in HCC via its interaction with cell membrane EGFR and further suppression of EGFR redistribution and downstream signaling in sorafenib-resistant cells. Overall, current results suggest that simultaneous treatment of fucoidan and sorafenib might serve as a potential therapeutic strategy against sorafenib-resistant HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Luo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Zhengyumeng Zhu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Bo Chang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Fan Deng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xiao Lu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Daming Zuo
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Qingyun Chen
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
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Yang L, Vander Steen T, Espinoza I, Cuyàs E, Verdura S, Menendez JA, Lupu R. Nuclear moonlighting of the secreted growth factor heregulin drives endocrine-resistant breast cancer independently of HER2/HER3 signaling. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:2173-2188. [PMID: 35693067 PMCID: PMC9185626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The HER3/4 ligand heregulin-β2 (HRG) is a secreted growth factor that transactivates the ligand-less receptor HER2 to promote aggressive phenotypes in breast cancer. HRG can also localize to the nucleus of breast cancer cells, but both the nuclear translocation mechanism and the physiological role of nuclear HRG remain elusive. Here we show that nucleolin-driven nuclear moonlighting of HRG uncouples its role as a driver of endocrine resistance from its canonical HER network-activating role in breast cancer. Tandem affinity purification coupled to mass spectrometry identified the intracellular transporter nucleolin as a major HRG-binding protein. HRG interacts with nucleolin via a nuclear localization signal motif located at the N-terminal extracellular domain of HRG. Nucleolin interacts with HRG via aspartate/glutamate-rich acidic stretches located at the N-terminal domain of nucleolin. Depletion of nucleolin abolishes HRG nuclear translocation and decreases HRG mRNA and protein expression. Isolated deficiency of nuclear HRG abolishes the HRG-driven endocrine resistance phenotype in vitro and in mouse xenograft models, while preserving its capacity to activate the HRG/HER/MAPK autocrine signaling axis. Conversely, isolated deficiency of secreted HRG to bind HER2/3 receptors does not impair endocrine resistance. The discovery that the functions of dual compartment-resident HRG do not depend on the same effector (i.e., activation of HER2/3 receptors) establishes a new paradigm for the functional and therapeutic relevance of nuclear HRG in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- Precision Cancer Therapeutics Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo ClinicRochester, MN, USA
| | - Travis Vander Steen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, Mayo ClinicRochester, MN, USA
| | - Ingrid Espinoza
- Department of Preventive Medicine, John D. Bower School of Population Health, University of Mississippi Medical CenterJackson, MS, USA
- Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical CenterJackson, MS, USA
| | - Elisabet Cuyàs
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism and Cancer Group, Catalan Institute of OncologyGirona, Spain
- Girona Biomedical Research InstituteSalt, Girona, Spain
| | - Sara Verdura
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism and Cancer Group, Catalan Institute of OncologyGirona, Spain
- Girona Biomedical Research InstituteSalt, Girona, Spain
| | - Javier A Menendez
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism and Cancer Group, Catalan Institute of OncologyGirona, Spain
- Girona Biomedical Research InstituteSalt, Girona, Spain
| | - Ruth Lupu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, Mayo ClinicRochester, MN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic MinnesotaRochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Cancer CenterRochester, MN, USA
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5
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Retraction: Mapping C-Terminal Transactivation Domains of the Nuclear HER Family Receptor Tyrosine Kinase HER3. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267745. [PMID: 35468166 PMCID: PMC9037903 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
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Almadori G, Coli A, De Corso E, Mele DA, Settimi S, Di Cintio G, Brigato F, Scannone D, Carey TE, Paludetti G, Lauriola L, Ranelletti FO. Nuclear HER3 expression improves the prognostic stratification of patients with HER1 positive advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. J Transl Med 2021; 19:408. [PMID: 34579737 PMCID: PMC8477517 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03081-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Compared to the other members of human epidermal growth factor family receptors (HER), the role of HER3 has not been well defined in laryngeal cancer. The predictive and prognostic role of HER3 has been the focus of clinical attention but the research findings are contradictory, especially in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). The variable localization of HER3 within cancer cells and the role of HER3 in primary and acquired resistance to HER1-targeted therapies remain unclear. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of two cohorts of 66 homogeneous consecutive untreated primary advanced LSCC patients, in which co-expression of HER1, HER2 and HER3 receptors was investigated by semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry. The association of their pattern of expression with survival was evaluated by Kaplan–Meier and Cox’s proportional hazard analyses. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were developed to predict median 2- and 3-year RFS and 2.5- and 5-year OS. The Akaike information criterion technique and backwards stepwise procedure were used for model selections. The performance of the final Cox models was assessed with respect to calibration and discrimination. Results Immunohistochemical labeling for HER1 and HER2 was localized both in the cell membrane and in the cytoplasm, while HER3 labeling was observed both in the cell cytoplasm and in the nucleus. HER3 expression was inversely correlated with HER1 positivity. The expression patterns of HERs were associated with tumor differentiation. In both cohorts of patients, HER1 expression was associated with reduced relapse-free (RFS) and overall survival (OS). In HER1 positive tumors, the co-expression with nuclear HER3 was associated with better RFS and OS, compared with HER3 negative tumors or tumors expressing HER3 at cytoplasmic level. HER3 expressing tumors had a higher Geminin/MCM7 ratio than HER3 negative ones, regardless of HER1 co-expression. Multivariable analyses identified age at diagnosis, tumor site, HER1, HER3 and age at diagnosis, tumor stage, HER1, HER3, as covariates significantly associated with RFS and OS, respectively. Bootstrapping verified the good fitness of these models for predicting survivals and the optimism-corrected C-indices were 0.76 and 0.77 for RFS and OS, respectively. Conclusions Nuclear HER3 expression was strongly associated with favourable prognosis and allows to improve the prognostic stratification of patients with HER1 positive advanced LSCC carcinoma. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-021-03081-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Almadori
- Unit of Head and Neck Oncology, "A. Gemelli" University Hospital Foundation IRCCS-Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy. .,Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, "A. Gemelli" University Hospital Foundation IRCCS, Roma, Italy. .,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.
| | - Antonella Coli
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.,Unit of Anatomic Pathology, "A. Gemelli" University Hospital Foundation IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Eugenio De Corso
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, "A. Gemelli" University Hospital Foundation IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Dario Antonio Mele
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, "A. Gemelli" University Hospital Foundation IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Stefano Settimi
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, "A. Gemelli" University Hospital Foundation IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Cintio
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, "A. Gemelli" University Hospital Foundation IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Francesca Brigato
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, "A. Gemelli" University Hospital Foundation IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Domenico Scannone
- Unit of Anatomic Pathology, "A. Gemelli" University Hospital Foundation IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Thomas E Carey
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gaetano Paludetti
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, "A. Gemelli" University Hospital Foundation IRCCS, Roma, Italy.,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Libero Lauriola
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.,Unit of Anatomic Pathology, "A. Gemelli" University Hospital Foundation IRCCS, Roma, Italy
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Molavipordanjani S, Hosseinimehr SJ. The Radiolabeled HER3 Targeting Molecules for Tumor Imaging. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2021; 20:141-152. [PMID: 34400948 PMCID: PMC8170765 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2021.114677.14991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family plays pivotal roles in physiologic and pathologic conditions (such as tumor growth, proliferation, and progression in multiple epithelial malignancies). All the family members are considered tyrosine kinase, while HER3 as a member of this family shows no intrinsic tyrosine kinase. HER3 is called ‘pseudokinase’ because it undergoes heterodimerization and forms dimers such as HER2-HER3 and HER1 (EGFR)-HER3. The exact role of HER3 in cancer is still unclear; however, the overexpression of this receptor is involved in the poor prognosis of malignancies. To that end, different studies investigated the development of radiotracers for imaging of HER3. The main focus of this review is to gather all the studies on developing new radiotracers for imaging of HER3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Molavipordanjani
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Hong M, Yoo Y, Kim M, Kim JY, Cha JS, Choi MK, Kim U, Kim K, Sohn Y, Bae D, Cho HS, Hong SB. A Novel Therapeutic Anti-ErbB3, ISU104 Exhibits Potent Antitumorigenic Activity by Inhibiting Ligand Binding and ErbB3 Heterodimerization. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:1142-1152. [PMID: 33782100 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
ErbB3, a member of the ErbB receptor family, is a potent mediator in the development and progression of cancer, and its activation plays pivotal roles in acquired resistance against anti-EGFR therapies and other standard-of-care therapies. Upon ligand (NRG1) binding, ErbB3 forms heterodimers with other ErbB proteins (i.e., EGFR and ErbB2), which allows activation of downstream PI3K/Akt signaling. In this study, we developed a fully human anti-ErbB3 antibody, named ISU104, as an anticancer agent. ISU104 binds potently and specifically to the domain 3 of ErbB3. The complex structure of ErbB3-domain 3::ISU104-Fab revealed that ISU104 binds to the NRG1 binding region of domain 3. The elucidated structure suggested that the binding of ISU104 to ErbB3 would hinder not only ligand binding but also the structural changes required for heterodimerization. Biochemical studies confirmed these predictions. ISU104 inhibited ligand binding, ligand-dependent heterodimerization and phosphorylation, and induced the internalization of ErbB3. As a result, downstream Akt phosphorylation and cell proliferation were inhibited. The anticancer efficacy of ISU104 was demonstrated in xenograft models of various cancers. In summary, a highly potent ErbB3 targeting antibody, ISU104, is suitable for clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirim Hong
- Research Institute, ISU ABXIS Co., Ltd., Sungnam-si, Republic of Korea (South)
| | - Youngki Yoo
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (South)
| | - Miyoung Kim
- Research Institute, ISU ABXIS Co., Ltd., Sungnam-si, Republic of Korea (South)
| | - Ju Yeon Kim
- Research Institute, ISU ABXIS Co., Ltd., Sungnam-si, Republic of Korea (South)
| | - Jeong Seok Cha
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (South)
| | - Myung Kyung Choi
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (South)
| | - Uijin Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (South)
| | - Kyungyong Kim
- Research Institute, ISU ABXIS Co., Ltd., Sungnam-si, Republic of Korea (South)
| | - Youngsoo Sohn
- Research Institute, ISU ABXIS Co., Ltd., Sungnam-si, Republic of Korea (South)
| | - Donggoo Bae
- Research Institute, ISU ABXIS Co., Ltd., Sungnam-si, Republic of Korea (South)
| | - Hyun-Soo Cho
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (South).
| | - Seung-Beom Hong
- Research Institute, ISU ABXIS Co., Ltd., Sungnam-si, Republic of Korea (South).
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Haikala HM, Jänne PA. Thirty Years of HER3: From Basic Biology to Therapeutic Interventions. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:3528-3539. [PMID: 33608318 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-4465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
HER3 is a pseudokinase member of the EGFR family having a role in both tumor progression and drug resistance. Although HER3 was discovered more than 30 years ago, no therapeutic interventions have reached clinical approval to date. Because the evidence of the importance of HER3 is accumulating, increased amounts of preclinical and clinical trials with HER3-targeting agents are emerging. In this review article, we discuss the most recent HER3 biology in tumorigenic events and drug resistance and provide an overview of the current and emerging strategies to target HER3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi M Haikala
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Pasi A Jänne
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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10
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Chen MK, Hsu JL, Hung MC. Nuclear receptor tyrosine kinase transport and functions in cancer. Adv Cancer Res 2020; 147:59-107. [PMID: 32593407 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2020.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Signaling functions of plasma membrane-localized receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) have been extensively studied after they were first described in the mid-1980s. Plasma membrane RTKs are activated by extracellular ligands and cellular stress stimuli, and regulate cellular responses by activating the downstream effector proteins to initiate a wide range of signaling cascades in the cells. However, increasing evidence indicates that RTKs can also be transported into the intracellular compartments where they phosphorylate traditional effector proteins and non-canonical substrate proteins. In general, internalization that retains the RTK's transmembrane domain begins with endocytosis, and endosomal RTK remains active before being recycled or degraded. Further RTK retrograde transport from endosome-Golgi-ER to the nucleus is primarily dependent on membranes vesicles and relies on the interaction with the COP-I vesicle complex, Sec61 translocon complex, and importin. Internalized RTKs have non-canonical substrates that include transcriptional co-factors and DNA damage response proteins, and many nuclear RTKs harbor oncogenic properties and can enhance cancer progression. Indeed, nuclear-localized RTKs have been shown to positively correlate with cancer recurrence, therapeutic resistance, and poor prognosis of cancer patients. Therefore, understanding the functions of nuclear RTKs and the mechanisms of nuclear RTK transport will further improve our knowledge to evaluate the potential of targeting nuclear RTKs or the proteins involved in their transport as new cancer therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Kuang Chen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jennifer L Hsu
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Cancer Biology, and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Rong X, Liang Y, Han Q, Zhao Y, Jiang G, Zhang X, Lin X, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Han X, Zhang M, Luo Y, Li P, Wei L, Yan T, Wang E. Molecular Mechanisms of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Resistance Induced by Membranous/Cytoplasmic/Nuclear Translocation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor. J Thorac Oncol 2019; 14:1766-1783. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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12
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Dittmann K, Mayer C, Czemmel S, Huber SM, Rodemann HP. New roles for nuclear EGFR in regulating the stability and translation of mRNAs associated with VEGF signaling. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189087. [PMID: 29253018 PMCID: PMC5734708 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell membrane-associated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) translocates into a perinuclear/nuclear location upon stimulation, where it complexes with mRNAs. Treatment with radiation and cisplatin decreases the amounts of mRNAs present within this complex. Gene array analyses of mRNAs in complex with immunoprecipitated nEGFR revealed significant enrichment of different mRNA species compared to the control immunoprecipitation. Functional annotation with help of DAVID Gene Ontology Analysis identified under other terms the HIF-1A/VEGF signaling pathway as one of the top scoring KEGG pathways. RT-PCR and western blots revealed the radiation-induced expression of mRNAs and proteins involved in HIF-1A/VEGF signaling. Simultaneously, the levels of the corresponding validated miRNAs within the complex containing nEGFR and mRNAs were decreased. This finding argues that an mRNA/miRNA/nEGFR complex regulates protein expression. Indeed, we detected the GW182, AGO2, PABPC1 and cNOT1 proteins, which belong to the deadenylase complex, in a complex with nuclear EGFR. Erlotinib-mediated inhibition of EGFR kinase reduced the radiation-induced increase in mRNA expression. In this context, erlotinib reduced AGO2 phosphorylation by the EGFR kinase at residue Y393, which was associated with increased cNOT1 deadenylase activity and reduced mRNA stability. To prove the roles of miRNAs in this context, we transfected cells with an inhibitor of Hsa-mir-1180p5, which targets the NFATC4 mRNA, an mRNA associated with VEGF signaling, or pretreated cells with erlotinib. Indeed, Hsa-mir-1180p5 knockdown increased and the erlotinib treatment decreased the expression of the NFATC4 protein. The expression of the NFATC4 protein controlled the cloning efficiency and radiosensitivity of A549 and FaDu tumor cells. Thus, this study is the first to show that a membrane-located tyrosine kinase receptor, such as EGFR, is internalized to a nuclear/perinuclear location upon exposure to stress and modulates the stability and translation of miRNA-selected mRNAs. This mechanism enables cells to directly express proteins in response to EGFR activation and may contribute to treatment resistance in EGFR-overexpressing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Dittmann
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tuebingen and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Claus Mayer
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tuebingen and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Czemmel
- Quantitative Biology Center (QBiC), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Stephan M. Huber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tuebingen and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - H. Peter Rodemann
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tuebingen and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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13
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Mueck K, Rebholz S, Harati MD, Rodemann HP, Toulany M. Akt1 Stimulates Homologous Recombination Repair of DNA Double-Strand Breaks in a Rad51-Dependent Manner. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2473. [PMID: 29156644 PMCID: PMC5713439 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Akt1 is known to promote non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ)-mediated DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair by stimulation of DNA-PKcs. In the present study, we investigated the effect of Akt1 on homologous recombination (HR)-dependent repair of radiation-induced DSBs in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells A549 and H460. Akt1-knockdown (Akt1-KD) significantly reduced Rad51 protein level, Rad51 foci formation and its colocalization with γH2AX foci after irradiation. Moreover, Akt1-KD decreased clonogenicity after treatment with Mitomycin C and HR repair, as tested by an HR-reporter assay. Double knockdown of Akt1 and Rad51 did not lead to a further decrease in HR compared to the single knockdown of Rad51. Consequently, Akt1-KD significantly increased the number of residual DSBs after irradiation partially independent of the kinase activity of DNA-PKcs. Likewise, the number of residual BRCA1 foci, indicating unsuccessful HR events, also significantly increased in the irradiated cells after Akt1-KD. Together, the results of the study indicate that Akt1 seems to be a regulatory component in the HR repair of DSBs in a Rad51-dependent manner. Thus, based on this novel role of Akt1 in HR and the previously described role of Akt1 in NHEJ, we propose that targeting Akt1 could be an effective approach to selectively improve the killing of tumor cells by DSB-inducing cytotoxic agents, such as ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Mueck
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site Tuebingen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Simone Rebholz
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site Tuebingen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Mozhgan Dehghan Harati
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site Tuebingen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - H Peter Rodemann
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site Tuebingen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Mahmoud Toulany
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site Tuebingen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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14
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Abstract
Breast cancer affects approximately 1 in 8 women, and it is estimated that over 246,660 women in the USA will be diagnosed with breast cancer in 2016. Breast cancer mortality has decline over the last two decades due to early detection and improved treatment. Over the last few years, there is mounting evidence to demonstrate the prominent role of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) in tumor initiation and progression, and targeted therapies against the RTKs have been developed, evaluated in clinical trials, and approved for many cancer types, including breast cancer. However, not all breast cancers are the same as evidenced by the multiple subtypes of the disease, with some more aggressive than others, showing differential treatment response to different types of drugs. Moreover, in addition to canonical signaling from the cell surface, many RTKs can be trafficked to various subcellular compartments, e.g., the multivesicular body and nucleus, where they carry out critical cellular functions, such as cell proliferation, DNA replication and repair, and therapeutic resistance. In this review, we provide a brief summary on the role of a selected number of RTKs in breast cancer and describe some mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Hsu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Center for Molecular Medicine and Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 413, Taiwan
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Center for Molecular Medicine and Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan. .,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 413, Taiwan.
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15
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Hayes DA, Kunde DA, Taylor RL, Pyecroft SB, Sohal SS, Snow ET. ERBB3: A potential serum biomarker for early detection and therapeutic target for devil facial tumour 1 (DFT1). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177919. [PMID: 28591206 PMCID: PMC5462353 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Devil Facial Tumour 1 (DFT1) is one of two transmissible neoplasms of Tasmanian devils (Sarcophilus harrisii) predominantly affecting their facial regions. DFT1's cellular origin is that of Schwann cell lineage where lesions are evident macroscopically late in the disease. Conversely, the pre-clinical timeframe from cellular transmission to appearance of DFT1 remains uncertain demonstrating the importance of an effective pre-clinical biomarker. We show that ERBB3, a marker expressed normally by the developing neural crest and Schwann cells, is immunohistohemically expressed by DFT1, therefore the potential of ERBB3 as a biomarker was explored. Under the hypothesis that serum ERBB3 levels may increase as DFT1 invades local and distant tissues our pilot study determined serum ERBB3 levels in normal Tasmanian devils and Tasmanian devils with DFT1. Compared to the baseline serum ERBB3 levels in unaffected Tasmanian devils, Tasmanian devils with DFT1 showed significant elevation of serum ERBB3 levels. Interestingly Tasmanian devils with cutaneous lymphoma (CL) also showed elevation of serum ERBB3 levels when compared to the baseline serum levels of Tasmanian devils without DFT1. Thus, elevated serum ERBB3 levels in otherwise healthy looking devils could predict possible DFT1 or CL in captive or wild devil populations and would have implications on the management, welfare and survival of Tasmanian devils. ERBB3 is also a therapeutic target and therefore the potential exists to consider modes of administration that may eradicate DFT1 from the wild.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dane A. Hayes
- Department of Primary Industries, Parks Water and Environment, Animal Health Laboratory, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
- Save the Tasmanian Devil Program, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Dale A. Kunde
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Robyn L. Taylor
- Save the Tasmanian Devil Program, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Department of Primary Industries, Parks Water and Environment, Resource Management and Conservation, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Stephen B. Pyecroft
- School of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, Roseworthy, South Australia
| | - Sukhwinder Singh Sohal
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Elizabeth T. Snow
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
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16
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Brand TM, Iida M, Corrigan KL, Braverman CM, Coan JP, Flanigan BG, Stein AP, Salgia R, Rolff J, Kimple RJ, Wheeler DL. RETRACTED: The receptor tyrosine kinase AXL mediates nuclear translocation of the epidermal growth factor receptor. Sci Signal 2017; 10:10/460/eaag1064. [PMID: 28049763 PMCID: PMC7094775 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aag1064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a therapeutic target in patients with various cancers. Unfortunately, resistance to EGFR-targeted therapeutics is common. Previous studies identified two mechanisms of resistance to the EGFR monoclonal antibody cetuximab. Nuclear translocation of EGFR bypasses the inhibitory effects of cetuximab, and the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL mediates cetuximab resistance by maintaining EGFR activation and downstream signaling. Thus, we hypothesized that AXL mediated the nuclear translocation of EGFR in the setting of cetuximab resistance. Cetuximab-resistant clones of non-small cell lung cancer in culture and patient-derived xenografts in mice had increased abundance of AXL and nuclear EGFR (nEGFR). Cellular fractionation analysis, super-resolution microscopy, and electron microscopy revealed that genetic loss of AXL reduced the accumulation of nEGFR. SRC family kinases (SFKs) and HER family ligands promote the nuclear translocation of EGFR. We found that AXL knockdown reduced the expression of the genes encoding the SFK family members YES and LYN and the ligand neuregulin-1 (NRG1). AXL knockdown also decreased the interaction between EGFR and the related receptor HER3 and accumulation of HER3 in the nucleus. Overexpression of LYN and NRG1 in cells depleted of AXL resulted in accumulation of nEGFR, rescuing the deficit induced by lack of AXL. Collectively, these data uncover a previously unrecognized role for AXL in regulating the nuclear translocation of EGFR and suggest that AXL-mediated SFK and NRG1 expression promote this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni M. Brand
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, Wisconsin, 53705 USA
| | - Mari Iida
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, Wisconsin, 53705 USA
| | - Kelsey L. Corrigan
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, Wisconsin, 53705 USA
| | - Cara M. Braverman
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, Wisconsin, 53705 USA
| | - John P. Coan
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, Wisconsin, 53705 USA
| | - Bailey G. Flanigan
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, Wisconsin, 53705 USA
| | - Andrew P. Stein
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, Wisconsin, 53705 USA
| | - Ravi Salgia
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research. City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center. 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010
| | - Jana Rolff
- Experimental Pharmacology and Oncology Berlin-Buch GmbH, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Randall J. Kimple
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, Wisconsin, 53705 USA
| | - Deric L. Wheeler
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, Wisconsin, 53705 USA,Corresponding author.
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17
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Ferreira PMP, Pessoa C. Molecular biology of human epidermal receptors, signaling pathways and targeted therapy against cancers: new evidences and old challenges. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902017000216076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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18
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Elizalde PV, Cordo Russo RI, Chervo MF, Schillaci R. ErbB-2 nuclear function in breast cancer growth, metastasis and resistance to therapy. Endocr Relat Cancer 2016; 23:T243-T257. [PMID: 27765799 DOI: 10.1530/erc-16-0360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 15-20% of breast cancers (BC) show either membrane overexpression of ErbB-2 (MErbB-2), a member of the ErbBs family of receptor tyrosine kinases, or ERBB2 gene amplification. Until the development of MErbB-2-targeted therapies, this BC subtype, called ErbB-2-positive, was associated with increased metastatic potential and poor prognosis. Although these therapies have significantly improved overall survival and cure rates, resistance to available drugs is still a major clinical issue. In its classical mechanism, MErbB-2 activates downstream signaling cascades, which transduce its effects in BC. The fact that ErbB-2 is also present in the nucleus of BC cells was discovered over twenty years ago. Also, compelling evidence revealed a non-canonical function of nuclear ErbB-2 as a transcriptional regulator. As a deeper understanding of nuclear ErbB-2 actions would be crucial to the disclosure of its role as a biomarker and a target of therapy in BC, we will here review its function in BC, in particular, its role in growth, metastatic spreading and response to currently available MErbB-2-positive BC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia V Elizalde
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of CarcinogenesisInstituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rosalía I Cordo Russo
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of CarcinogenesisInstituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria F Chervo
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of CarcinogenesisInstituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Roxana Schillaci
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of CarcinogenesisInstituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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19
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De Pauw I, Wouters A, Van den Bossche J, Peeters M, Pauwels P, Deschoolmeester V, Vermorken JB, Lardon F. Preclinical and clinical studies on afatinib in monotherapy and in combination regimens: Potential impact in colorectal cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 166:71-83. [PMID: 27373506 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) has been an interesting therapeutic strategy because aberrant activation of this receptor plays an important role in the tumorgenesis of many cancer types, including colorectal cancer (CRC). After the initial promising results of EGFR-targeted therapies, therapeutic resistance is a major clinical problem. In order to overcome resistance to these EGFR-targeted therapies, new treatment options are necessary. In contrast to first generation EGFR inhibitors, afatinib (BIBW2992) is a second-generation irreversible ErbB family blocker that inhibits EGFR as well as HER2 and HER4. Consequently, treatment with afatinib may result in a distinct and more pronounced therapeutic benefit. Preclinical studies have reported promising results for afatinib in monotherapy as well as in combination with other drugs in CRC model systems. Furthermore, clinical studies examining afatinib as single agent and in combination therapy demonstrated manageable safety profile. Nevertheless, only limited antitumor activity has been observed in CRC patients. Although several combination treatments with afatinib have already been investigated, no optimal combination has been identified for CRC patients yet. As molecular tumor characteristics have gained increased importance in the choice of treatment, additional studies with biomarker-driven patient recruitment are required to further explore afatinib efficacy in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- I De Pauw
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - A Wouters
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - J Van den Bossche
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - M Peeters
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital, Belgium
| | - P Pauwels
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Pathology, Antwerp University Hospital, Belgium
| | - V Deschoolmeester
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Pathology, Antwerp University Hospital, Belgium
| | - J B Vermorken
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital, Belgium
| | - F Lardon
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Belgium
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20
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El Maassarani M, Barbarin A, Fromont G, Kaissi O, Lebbe M, Vannier B, Moussa A, Séité P. Integrated and Functional Genomics Analysis Validates the Relevance of the Nuclear Variant ErbB380kDa in Prostate Cancer Progression. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155950. [PMID: 27191720 PMCID: PMC4871423 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The EGF-family of tyrosine-kinase receptors activates cytoplasmic pathways involved in cell proliferation, migration and differentiation in response to specific extracellular ligands. Beside these canonical pathways, the nuclear localization of the ErbB receptors in primary tumours and cancer cell lines led to investigate their role as transcriptional regulators of cancer genes. The nuclear localization of ErbB3 has been reported in various cancer tissues and cell lines but the nuclear functions and the putative correlation with tumour progression and resistance to therapy remain unclear. We first assessed ErbB3 expression in normal and tumour prostate tissues. The nuclear staining was mainly due to an isoform matching the C-terminus domain of the full length ErbB3185kDa receptor. Nuclear staining was also restricted to cancer cells and was increased in advanced castration-resistant prostate cancer when compared to localized tumours, suggesting it could be involved in the progression of prostate cancer up to the terminal castration-resistant stage. ChIP-on-chip experiments were performed on immortalized and tumour cell lines selected upon characterization of endogenous nuclear expression of an ErbB380kDa isoform. Among the 1840 target promoters identified, 26 were selected before ErbB380kDa-dependent gene expression was evaluated by real-time quantitative RT-PCR, providing evidence that ErbB380kDa exerted transcriptional control on those genes. Some targets are already known to be involved in prostate cancer progression even though no link was previously established with ErbB3 membrane and/or nuclear signalling. Many others, not yet associated with prostate cancer, could provide new therapeutic possibilities for patients expressing ErbB380kDa. Detecting ErbB380kDa could thus constitute a useful marker of prognosis and response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud El Maassarani
- Equipe 2RCT, Université de Poitiers, Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales, Pôle Biologie- Santé, 1 rue G. Bonnet, 86073, Poitiers cedex 9, France
| | - Alice Barbarin
- Equipe 2RCT, Université de Poitiers, Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales, Pôle Biologie- Santé, 1 rue G. Bonnet, 86073, Poitiers cedex 9, France
| | - Gaëlle Fromont
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bretonneau, Laboratoire d'Anatomopathologie, INSERM U1069, 37000 Tours, France
| | - Ouafae Kaissi
- LTI Laboratory, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, ENSAT, BP 1818, 90 000 Tangier, Morocco
| | - Margot Lebbe
- Equipe 2RCT, Université de Poitiers, Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales, Pôle Biologie- Santé, 1 rue G. Bonnet, 86073, Poitiers cedex 9, France
| | - Brigitte Vannier
- Equipe 2RCT, Université de Poitiers, Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales, Pôle Biologie- Santé, 1 rue G. Bonnet, 86073, Poitiers cedex 9, France
| | - Ahmed Moussa
- LTI Laboratory, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, ENSAT, BP 1818, 90 000 Tangier, Morocco
| | - Paule Séité
- Equipe 2RCT, Université de Poitiers, Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales, Pôle Biologie- Santé, 1 rue G. Bonnet, 86073, Poitiers cedex 9, France
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21
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Reif R, Adawy A, Vartak N, Schröder J, Günther G, Ghallab A, Schmidt M, Schormann W, Hengstler JG. Activated ErbB3 Translocates to the Nucleus via Clathrin-independent Endocytosis, Which Is Associated with Proliferating Cells. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:3837-47. [PMID: 26719328 PMCID: PMC4759164 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.686782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the receptor tyrosine kinase family (RTK) have been shown to be present in the nucleus of cells; however, the mechanisms underlying their trafficking to the nucleus, and their relevance once there are poorly understood. In the present study, we focus on the RTK ErbB3 and elucidate the mechanisms regulating its trafficking. We show that heregulin-stimulation induces trafficking of phosphorylated ErbB3 from the plasma membrane to the nucleus via a clathrin-independent mechanism. Nuclear import of ErbB3 occurs via importin β1, which drives the receptor through the nuclear pore complex. In the nucleus, ErbB3 interacts with transcription complexes, and thereby has a role in transcriptional regulation. Our results also demonstrate that ErbB3 nuclear localization is transient as it is exported out of the nucleus by the nuclear receptor protein crm-1. Analysis of normal, regenerating tissues, and tumors showed that ErbB3 nuclear translocation is a common event in proliferating tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Reif
- From the Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, 44139 Dortmund, Germany,
| | - Alshaimaa Adawy
- From the Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Nachiket Vartak
- From the Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jutta Schröder
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Georgia Günther
- From the Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ahmed Ghallab
- From the Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, 44139 Dortmund, Germany, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, 83523 Qena, Egypt
| | - Marcus Schmidt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, 55131 Mainz, Germany, and
| | - Wiebke Schormann
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jan G Hengstler
- From the Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
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22
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Acquired resistance to anti-EGFR mAb ICR62 in cancer cells is accompanied by an increased EGFR expression, HER-2/HER-3 signalling and sensitivity to pan HER blockers. Br J Cancer 2015; 113:1010-9. [PMID: 26372697 PMCID: PMC4651123 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is an important target for cancer treatment. Currently, only the EGFR antibodies cetuximab and panitumumab are approved for the treatment of patients with colorectal cancer. However, a major clinical challenge is a short-term response owing to development of acquired resistance during the course of the treatment. METHODS In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying development of acquired resistance in DiFi colorectal cancer cells to the anti-EGFR mAb ICR62 (termed DiFi62) and to the small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) gefitinib (termed DiFiG) using a range of techniques. RESULTS Compared with the findings from parental DiFi and DiFiG cells, development of acquired resistance to anti-EGFR mAb ICR62 in DiFi62 cells was accompanied by an increase in cell surface EGFR and increased phosphorylation of HER-2 and HER-3. Interestingly, DiFi62 cells also acquired resistance to treatment with anti-EGFR mAbs cetuximab and ICR61, which bind to other distinct epitopes on the extracellular domain of EGFR, but these cells remained equally sensitive as the parental cells to treatment with pan-HER inhibitors such as afatinib. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide a novel mechanistic insight into the development of acquired resistance to EGFR antibody-based therapy in colorectal cancer cells and justify further investigations on the therapeutic benefits of pan-HER family inhibitors in the treatment of colorectal cancer patients once acquired resistance to EGFR antibody-based therapy is developed.
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Timmermans-Sprang EPM, Gracanin A, Mol JA. High basal Wnt signaling is further induced by PI3K/mTor inhibition but sensitive to cSRC inhibition in mammary carcinoma cell lines with HER2/3 overexpression. BMC Cancer 2015. [PMID: 26205886 PMCID: PMC4513708 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1544-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Elevated basal, ligand-independent, Wnt signaling in some canine breast cancer cells is not caused by classical mutations in APC, β-Catenin or GSK3β but, at least partially, by enhanced LEF1 expression. We examined the expression and function of EGFR/HER-regulated pathways on the ligand-independent Wnt signaling. Methods Twelve canine mammary tumor cell lines with previously reported differential basal Wnt activity were used. The expression levels of genes related to EGF-signaling were analyzed by cluster analysis. Cell lines with a combined overexpression of EGF-related genes and enhanced basal Wnt activity were treated with PI3K/mTor or cSRC inhibitors or transfected with a construct expressing wild-type PTEN. Subsequently, effects were measured on Wnt activity, cell proliferation, gene expression and protein level. Results High basal Wnt/LEF1 activity was associated with overexpression of HER2/3, ID1, ID2, RAC1 and HSP90 together with low to absent cMET and PTEN mRNA expression, suggesting a connection between Wnt- and HER-signaling pathways. Inhibition of the HER-regulated PI3K/mTor pathway using the dual PI3K/mTor inhibitor BEZ235 or the mTor inhibitor Everolimus® resulted in reduced cell proliferation. In the cell line with high basal Wnt activity, however, an unexpected further increased Wnt activity was found that could be greatly reduced after inhibition of the HER-regulated cSRC activity. Inhibition of the PI3K/mTor pathway was associated with enhanced expression of β-Catenin, Axin2, MUC1, cMET, EGFR and HER2 and a somewhat increased β-Catenin protein content, whereas cSRC inhibition was associated with slightly enhanced HER3 and SLUG mRNA expression. A high protein expression of HER3 was found only in a cell line with high basal Wnt activity. Conclusions High basal Wnt activity in some mammary cancer cell lines is associated with overexpression of HER-receptor related genes and HER3 protein, and the absence of PTEN. Inhibition of the PI3K/mTor pathway further stimulated, however, canonical Wnt signaling, whereas the inhibitory effect with the cSRC inhibitor Src-I1 on the Wnt activity further suggested a connection between Wnt and HER2/3-signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elpetra P M Timmermans-Sprang
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 104, 3584, CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Ana Gracanin
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 104, 3584, CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Jan A Mol
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 104, 3584, CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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24
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Cordo Russo RI, Béguelin W, Díaz Flaqué MC, Proietti CJ, Venturutti L, Galigniana N, Tkach M, Guzmán P, Roa JC, O'Brien NA, Charreau EH, Schillaci R, Elizalde PV. Targeting ErbB-2 nuclear localization and function inhibits breast cancer growth and overcomes trastuzumab resistance. Oncogene 2015; 34:3413-28. [PMID: 25174405 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Membrane overexpression of ErbB-2/HER2 receptor tyrosine kinase (membrane ErbB-2 (MErbB-2)) has a critical role in breast cancer (BC). We and others have also shown the role of nuclear ErbB-2 (NErbB-2) in BC, whose presence we identified as a poor prognostic factor in MErbB-2-positive tumors. Current anti-ErbB-2 therapies, as with the antibody trastuzumab (Ttzm), target only MErbB-2. Here, we found that blockade of NErbB-2 action abrogates growth of BC cells, sensitive and resistant to Ttzm, in a scenario in which ErbB-2, ErbB-3 and Akt are phosphorylated, and ErbB-2/ErbB-3 dimers are formed. Also, inhibition of NErbB-2 presence suppresses growth of a preclinical BC model resistant to Ttzm. We showed that at the cyclin D1 promoter, ErbB-2 assembles a transcriptional complex with Stat3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) and ErbB-3, another member of the ErbB family, which reveals the first nuclear function of ErbB-2/ErbB-3 dimer. We identified NErbB-2 as the major proliferation driver in Ttzm-resistant BC, and demonstrated that Ttzm inability to disrupt the Stat3/ErbB-2/ErbB-3 complex underlies its failure to inhibit growth. Furthermore, our results in the clinic revealed that nuclear interaction between ErbB-2 and Stat3 correlates with poor overall survival in primary breast tumors. Our findings challenge the paradigm of anti-ErbB-2 drug design and highlight NErbB-2 as a novel target to overcome Ttzm resistance.
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MESH Headings
- Active Transport, Cell Nucleus/drug effects
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Nucleus/drug effects
- Cell Nucleus/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Drug Synergism
- Female
- Genes, Dominant/physiology
- Humans
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Molecular Targeted Therapy/methods
- Mutant Proteins/pharmacology
- Mutant Proteins/therapeutic use
- Protein Isoforms/pharmacology
- Protein Isoforms/therapeutic use
- Protein Transport/drug effects
- Receptor, ErbB-2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Receptor, ErbB-2/physiology
- Trastuzumab
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- R I Cordo Russo
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - W Béguelin
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M C Díaz Flaqué
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C J Proietti
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L Venturutti
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - N Galigniana
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Tkach
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - P Guzmán
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - J C Roa
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - N A O'Brien
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - E H Charreau
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - R Schillaci
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - P V Elizalde
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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25
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Brand TM, Iida M, Stein AP, Corrigan KL, Braverman CM, Luthar N, Toulany M, Gill PS, Salgia R, Kimple RJ, Wheeler DL. AXL mediates resistance to cetuximab therapy. Cancer Res 2014; 74:5152-64. [PMID: 25136066 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-0294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The EGFR antibody cetuximab is used to treat numerous cancers, but intrinsic and acquired resistance to this agent is a common clinical outcome. In this study, we show that overexpression of the oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinase AXL is sufficient to mediate acquired resistance to cetuximab in models of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), where AXL was overexpressed, activated, and tightly associated with EGFR expression in cells resistant to cetuximab (Ctx(R) cells). Using RNAi methods and novel AXL-targeting agents, we found that AXL activation stimulated cell proliferation, EGFR activation, and MAPK signaling in Ctx(R) cells. Notably, EGFR directly regulated the expression of AXL mRNA through MAPK signaling and the transcription factor c-Jun in Ctx(R) cells, creating a positive feedback loop that maintained EGFR activation by AXL. Cetuximab-sensitive parental cells were rendered resistant to cetuximab by stable overexpression of AXL or stimulation with EGFR ligands, the latter of which increased AXL activity and association with the EGFR. In tumor xenograft models, the development of resistance following prolonged treatment with cetuximab was associated with AXL hyperactivation and EGFR association. Furthermore, in an examination of patient-derived xenografts established from surgically resected HNSCCs, AXL was overexpressed and activated in tumors that displayed intrinsic resistance to cetuximab. Collectively, our results identify AXL as a key mediator of cetuximab resistance, providing a rationale for clinical evaluation of AXL-targeting drugs to treat cetuximab-resistant cancers. Cancer Res; 74(18); 5152-64. ©2014 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni M Brand
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Mari Iida
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Andrew P Stein
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Kelsey L Corrigan
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Cara M Braverman
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Neha Luthar
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Mahmoud Toulany
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Parkash S Gill
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ravi Salgia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Randall J Kimple
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Deric L Wheeler
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin.
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26
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Brand TM, Iida M, Dunn EF, Luthar N, Kostopoulos KT, Corrigan KL, Wleklinski MJ, Yang D, Wisinski KB, Salgia R, Wheeler DL. Nuclear epidermal growth factor receptor is a functional molecular target in triple-negative breast cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2014; 13:1356-68. [PMID: 24634415 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-13-1021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subclass of breast cancers (i.e., estrogen receptor-negative, progesterone receptor-negative, and HER2-negative) that have poor prognosis and very few identified molecular targets. Strikingly, a high percentage of TNBCs overexpresses the EGF receptor (EGFR), yet EGFR inhibition has yielded little clinical benefit. Over the last decade, advances in EGFR biology have established that EGFR functions in two distinct signaling pathways: (i) classical membrane-bound signaling and (ii) nuclear signaling. Previous studies have demonstrated that nuclear EGFR (nEGFR) can enhance resistance to anti-EGFR therapies and is correlated with poor overall survival in breast cancer. On the basis of these findings, we hypothesized that nEGFR may promote intrinsic resistance to cetuximab in TNBC. To examine this question, a battery of TNBC cell lines and human tumors were screened and found to express nEGFR. Knockdown of EGFR expression demonstrated that TNBC cell lines retained dependency on EGFR for proliferation, yet all cell lines were resistant to cetuximab. Furthermore, Src Family Kinases (SFKs) influenced nEGFR translocation in TNBC cell lines and in vivo tumor models, where inhibition of SFK activity led to potent reductions in nEGFR expression. Inhibition of nEGFR translocation led to a subsequent accumulation of EGFR on the plasma membrane, which greatly enhanced sensitivity of TNBC cells to cetuximab. Collectively, these data suggest that targeting both the nEGFR signaling pathway, through the inhibition of its nuclear transport, and the classical EGFR signaling pathway with cetuximab may be a viable approach for the treatment of patients with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni M Brand
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Human Oncology and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin; and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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27
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Roskoski R. The ErbB/HER family of protein-tyrosine kinases and cancer. Pharmacol Res 2013; 79:34-74. [PMID: 24269963 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 878] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family consists of four members that belong to the ErbB lineage of proteins (ErbB1-4). These receptors consist of a glycosylated extracellular domain, a single hydrophobic transmembrane segment, and an intracellular portion with a juxtamembrane segment, a protein kinase domain, and a carboxyterminal tail. Seven ligands bind to EGFR including epidermal growth factor and transforming growth factor α, none bind to ErbB2, two bind to ErbB3, and seven ligands bind to ErbB4. The ErbB proteins function as homo and heterodimers. The heterodimer consisting of ErbB2, which lacks a ligand, and ErbB3, which is kinase impaired, is surprisingly the most robust signaling complex of the ErbB family. Growth factor binding to EGFR induces a large conformational change in the extracellular domain, which leads to the exposure of a dimerization arm in domain II of the extracellular segment. Two ligand-EGFR complexes unite to form a back-to-back dimer in which the ligands are on opposite sides of the aggregate. Following ligand binding, EGFR intracellular kinase domains form an asymmetric homodimer that resembles the heterodimer formed by cyclin and cyclin-dependent kinase. The carboxyterminal lobe of the activator kinase of the dimer interacts with the amino-terminal lobe of the receiver kinase thereby leading to its allosteric stimulation. Downstream ErbB signaling modules include the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt (PKB) pathway, the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK1/2 pathway, and the phospholipase C (PLCγ) pathway. Several malignancies are associated with the mutation or increased expression of members of the ErbB family including lung, breast, stomach, colorectal, head and neck, and pancreatic carcinomas and glioblastoma (a brain tumor). Gefitinib, erlotinib, and afatinib are orally effective protein-kinase targeted quinazoline derivatives that are used in the treatment of ERBB1-mutant lung cancer. Lapatinib is an orally effective quinazoline derivative used in the treatment of ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancer. Trastuzumab, pertuzumab, and ado-trastuzumab emtansine, which are given intravenously, are monoclonal antibodies that target the extracellular domain and are used for the treatment of ErbB2-positive breast cancer; ado-trastuzumab emtansine is an antibody-drug conjugate that delivers a cytotoxic drug to cells overexpressing ErbB2. Cetuximab and panitumumab are monoclonal antibodies that target ErbB1 and are used in the treatment of colorectal cancer. Cancers treated with these targeted drugs eventually become resistant to them. The role of combinations of targeted drugs or targeted drugs with cytotoxic therapies is being explored in an effort to prevent or delay drug resistance in the treatment of these malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Roskoski
- Blue Ridge Institute for Medical Research, 3754 Brevard Road, Suite 116, Box 19, Horse Shoe, NC 28742, USA.
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