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Qin D, Wang C, Li D, Guo S. Exosomal miR-23a-3p derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells promotes remyelination in central nervous system demyelinating diseases by targeting Tbr1/Wnt pathway. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105487. [PMID: 37995941 PMCID: PMC10716775 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells are present in the adult central nervous system, and their impaired ability to differentiate into myelinating oligodendrocytes can lead to demyelination in patients with multiple sclerosis, accompanied by neurological deficits and cognitive impairment. Exosomes, small vesicles released by cells, are known to facilitate intercellular communication by carrying bioactive molecules. In this study, we utilized exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs-Exos). We performed sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of exosome-treated cells to demonstrate that HUMSCs-Exos can stimulate myelin gene expression in oigodendrocyte precursor cells. Functional investigations revealed that HUMSCs-Exos activate the Pi3k/Akt pathway and regulate the Tbr1/Wnt signaling molecules through the transfer of miR-23a-3p, promoting oligodendrocytes differentiation and enhancing the expression of myelin-related proteins. In an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model, treatment with HUMSCs-Exos significantly improved neurological function and facilitated remyelination. This study provides cellular and molecular insights into the use of cell-free exosome therapy for central nervous system demyelination associated with multiple sclerosis, demonstrating its great potential for treating demyelinating and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danqing Qin
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chunjuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shougang Guo
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
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2
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Székiová E, Michalová Z, Blaško J, Mucha R, Slovinská L, Kello M, Vanický I. Characterisation of mesenchymal stem cells conditioned media obtained at different conditioning times: their effect on glial cells in in vitro scratch model. Growth Factors 2023:1-14. [PMID: 36825505 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2023.2182145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells conditioned media (BMMSC-CM) obtained by conditioning for 24(CM24), 48(CM48) and 72(CM72) hours was characterised. In vitro, the impact of BMMSC-CM on the astrocyte migratory response and oligodendrocyte density was evaluated using the scratch model. The proteomic profiles of individual secretomes were analysed by mass spectrometry and the concentrations of four selected neurotrophins (BDNF, NGF, GDNF and VEGF) were determined by ELISA. Our results revealed an increased number of proteins at CM72, many of which are involved in neuroregenerative processes. ELISA documented a gradual increase in the concentration of two neurotrophins (NGF, VEGF), peaking at CM72. In vitro, the different effect of individual BMMSC-CM on astrocyte migration response and oligodendrocyte density was observed, most pronounced with CM72. The outcomes demonstrate that the prolonged conditioning results in increased release of detectable proteins, neurotrophic factors concentration and stronger effect on reparative processes in neural cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Székiová
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy, Institute of Neurobiology Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Michalová
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy, Institute of Neurobiology Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Juraj Blaško
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy, Institute of Neurobiology Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Rastislav Mucha
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy, Institute of Neurobiology Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Slovinská
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy, Institute of Neurobiology Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovakia
- Associated Tissue Bank, P. J. Šafárik University and L. Pasteur University Hospital, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martin Kello
- Department of Pharmacology, P. J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Ivo Vanický
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy, Institute of Neurobiology Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovakia
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3
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Schira-Heinen J, Agrelo IS, Estrada V, Küry P. Functional in vivo assessment of stem cell-secreted pro-oligodendroglial factors. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:2194-2196. [PMID: 35259828 PMCID: PMC9083155 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.335800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Schira-Heinen
- Department of Neurology, Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Iria Samper Agrelo
- Department of Neurology, Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Veronica Estrada
- Department of Neurology, Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Küry
- Department of Neurology, Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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4
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Li S, Guan H, Zhang Y, Li S, Li K, Hu S, Zuo E, Zhang C, Zhang X, Gong G, Wang R, Piao F. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promote remyelination in spinal cord by driving oligodendrocyte progenitor cell differentiation via TNFα/RelB-Hes1 pathway: a rat model study of 2,5-hexanedione-induced neurotoxicity. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:436. [PMID: 34348774 PMCID: PMC8336089 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02518-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND N-hexane, with its metabolite 2,5-hexanedine (HD), is an industrial hazardous material. Chronic hexane exposure causes segmental demyelination in the peripheral nerves, and high-dose intoxication may also affect central nervous system. Demyelinating conditions are difficult to treat and stem cell therapy using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is a promising novel strategy. Our previous study found that BMSCs promoted motor function recovery in rats modeling hexane neurotoxicity. This work aimed to explore the underlying mechanisms and focused on the changes in spinal cord. METHODS Sprague Dawley rats were intoxicated with HD (400 mg/kg/day, i.p, for 5 weeks). A bolus of BMSCs (5 × 107 cells/kg) was injected via tail vein. Demyelination and remyelination of the spinal cord before and after BMSC treatment were examined microscopically. Cultured oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) were incubated with HD ± BMSC-derived conditional medium (BMSC-CM). OPC differentiation was studied by immunostaining and morphometric analysis. The expressional changes of Hes1, a transcription factor negatively regulating OPC-differentiation, were studied. The upstream Notch1 and TNFα/RelB pathways were studied, and some key signaling molecules were measured. The correlation between neurotrophin NGF and TNFα was also investigated. Statistical significance was evaluated using one-way ANOVA and performed using SPSS 13.0. RESULTS The demyelinating damage by HD and remyelination by BMSCs were evidenced by electron microscopy, LFB staining and NG2/MBP immunohistochemistry. In vitro cultured OPCs showed more differentiation after incubation with BMSC-CM. Hes1 expression was found to be significantly increased by HD and decreased by BMSC or BMSC-CM. The change of Hes1 was found, however, independent of Notch1 activation, but dependent on TNFα/RelB signaling. HD was found to increase TNFα, RelB and Hes1 expression, and BMSCs were found to have the opposite effect. Addition of recombinant TNFα to OPCs or RelB overexpression similarly caused upregulation of Hes1 expression. The secretion of NGF by BMSC and activation of NGF receptor was found important for suppression of TNFα production in OPCs. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated that BMSCs promote remyelination in the spinal cord of HD-exposed rats via TNFα/RelB-Hes1 pathway, providing novel insights for evaluating and further exploring the therapeutical effect of BMSCs on demyelinating neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangyue Li
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Huai Guan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, No. 967 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese PLA, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, People's Republic of China.,Xunyi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xunyi, Shanxi, 711300, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaixin Li
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, People's Republic of China.,Xian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xian, 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhai Hu
- College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Enjun Zuo
- College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Zhang
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanyu Gong
- Integrative Laboratory, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ruoyu Wang
- Integrative Laboratory, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fengyuan Piao
- Integrative Laboratory, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, People's Republic of China.
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Revision of Commonly Accepted Warburg Mechanism of Cancer Development: Redox-Sensitive Mitochondrial Cytochromes in Breast and Brain Cancers by Raman Imaging. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112599. [PMID: 34073216 PMCID: PMC8198470 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We used Raman imaging to monitor changes in the redox state of the mitochondrial cytochromes in ex vivo human brain and breast tissues, surgically resected specimens of human tissues and in vitro human brain cells of normal astrocytes (NHA), astrocytoma (CRL-1718), glioblastoma (U87-MG) and medulloblastoma (Daoy), and human breast cells of normal cells (MCF 10A), slightly malignant cells (MCF7) and highly aggressive cells (MDA-MB-231) by means of Raman microspectroscopy at 532 nm. We visualized localization of cytochromes by Raman imaging in the major organelles in cancer cells. We demonstrated that the "redox state Raman marker" of the ferric low-spin heme in cytochrome c at 1584 cm-1 can serve as a sensitive indicator of cancer aggressiveness. We compared concentration of reduced cytochrome c and the grade of cancer aggressiveness in cancer tissues and single cells and specific organelles in cells: nucleous, mitochondrium, lipid droplets, cytoplasm and membrane. We found that the concentration of reduced cytochrome c becomes abnormally high in human brain tumors and breast cancers in human tissues. Our results reveal the universality of Raman vibrational characteristics of mitochondrial cytochromes in metabolic regulation in cancers that arise from epithelial breast cells and brain glial cells.
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6
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Therapeutic prospects of MicroRNAs carried by mesenchymal stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles in autoimmune diseases. Life Sci 2021; 277:119458. [PMID: 33831424 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are a class of chronic disease conditions with impaired tolerance to autoantigens. Currently, there is no effective treatment for ADs, and the existing medications have limitations due to non-specific targets and side effects. Accumulating evidence has shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a role in ADs treatment. These beneficial effects mainly rely on cell-to-cell communication through the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and soluble factors. MSC-derived EVs (MSC-EVs) could modulate adjacent and distinct cells by transferring various DNA, mRNA, non-coding RNAs, proteins, and lipids from parent cells to recipient cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate multiple target genes at the post-transcriptional level and are involved in chronic inflammatory and immune processes. Compared to fluid, MSC-EVs delivery can protect miRNAs from the degradation of ribonucleases, ensuring that miRNAs are able to perform their respective crucial roles in AD recipient cells. In this review, we discussed the therapeutic prospects and challenges of miRNAs secreted by MSC-EVs (MSC-EV-miRNAs) by reviewing the experimentally verified therapeutic outcomes of MSC-EV-miRNAs for several ADs, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), asthma, colitis, systemic sclerosis (SSc) and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).
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7
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Shao R, Sun D, Hu Y, Cui D. White matter injury in the neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain and potential therapies targeting microglia. J Neurosci Res 2021; 99:991-1008. [PMID: 33416205 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (H-I) injury, which mainly causes neuronal damage and white matter injury (WMI), is among the predominant causes of infant morbidity (cerebral palsy, cognitive and persistent motor disabilities) and mortality. Disruptions to the oxygen and blood supply in the perinatal brain affect the cerebral microenvironment and may affect microglial activation, excitotoxicity, and oxidative stress. Microglia are significantly associated with axonal damage and myelinating oligodendrocytes, which are major pathological components of WMI. However, the effects of H-I injury on microglial functions and underlying transformation mechanisms remain poorly understood. The historical perception that these cells are major risk factors for ischemic stroke has been questioned due to our improved understanding of the diversity of microglial phenotypes and their alterable functions, which exacerbate or attenuate injuries in different regions in response to environmental instability. Unfortunately, although therapeutic hypothermia is an efficient treatment, death and disability remain the prognosis for a large proportion of neonates with H-I injury. Hence, novel neuroprotective therapies to treat WMI following H-I injury are urgently needed. Here, we review microglial mechanisms that might occur in the developing brain due to neonatal H-I injury and discuss whether microglia function as a double-edged sword in WMI. Then, we emphasize microglial heterogeneity, notably at the single-cell level, and sex-specific effects on the etiology of neurological diseases. Finally, we discuss current knowledge of strategies aiming to improve microglia modulation and remyelination following neonatal H-I injury. Overall, microglia-targeted therapy might provide novel and valuable insights into the treatment of neonatal H-I insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjiao Shao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Dawei Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Derong Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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8
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Arreguin AJ, Colognato H. Brain Dysfunction in LAMA2-Related Congenital Muscular Dystrophy: Lessons From Human Case Reports and Mouse Models. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:118. [PMID: 32792907 PMCID: PMC7390928 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Laminin α2 gene (LAMA2)-related Congenital Muscular Dystrophy (CMD) was distinguished by a defining central nervous system (CNS) abnormality—aberrant white matter signals by MRI—when first described in the 1990s. In the past 25 years, researchers and clinicians have expanded our knowledge of brain involvement in LAMA2-related CMD, also known as Congenital Muscular Dystrophy Type 1A (MDC1A). Neurological changes in MDC1A can be structural, including lissencephaly and agyria, as well as functional, including epilepsy and intellectual disability. Mouse models of MDC1A include both spontaneous and targeted LAMA2 mutations and range from a partial loss of LAMA2 function (e.g., dy2J/dy2J), to a complete loss of LAMA2 expression (dy3K/dy3K). Diverse cellular and molecular changes have been reported in the brains of MDC1A mouse models, including blood-brain barrier dysfunction, altered neuro- and gliogenesis, changes in synaptic plasticity, and decreased myelination, providing mechanistic insight into potential neurological dysfunction in MDC1A. In this review article, we discuss selected studies that illustrate the potential scope and complexity of disturbances in brain development in MDC1A, and as well as highlight mechanistic insights that are emerging from mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J Arreguin
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States.,Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Holly Colognato
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
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9
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Secretome Analysis of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Factors Fostering Oligodendroglial Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124350. [PMID: 32570968 PMCID: PMC7352621 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-secreted factors have been shown to significantly promote oligodendrogenesis from cultured primary adult neural stem cells (aNSCs) and oligodendroglial precursor cells (OPCs). Revealing underlying mechanisms of how aNSCs can be fostered to differentiate into a specific cell lineage could provide important insights for the establishment of novel neuroregenerative treatment approaches aiming at myelin repair. However, the nature of MSC-derived differentiation and maturation factors acting on the oligodendroglial lineage has not been identified thus far. In addition to missing information on active ingredients, the degree to which MSC-dependent lineage instruction is functional in vivo also remains to be established. We here demonstrate that MSC-derived factors can indeed stimulate oligodendrogenesis and myelin sheath generation of aNSCs transplanted into different rodent central nervous system (CNS) regions, and furthermore, we provide insights into the underlying mechanism on the basis of a comparative mass spectrometry secretome analysis. We identified a number of secreted proteins known to act on oligodendroglia lineage differentiation. Among them, the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase type 1 (TIMP-1) was revealed to be an active component of the MSC-conditioned medium, thus validating our chosen secretome approach.
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10
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Park KR, Hwang CJ, Yun HM, Yeo IJ, Choi DY, Park PH, Kim HS, Lee JT, Jung YS, Han SB, Hong JT. Prevention of multiple system atrophy using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells by reducing polyamine and cholesterol-induced neural damages. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:63. [PMID: 32127052 PMCID: PMC7055099 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01590-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a sporadic neurodegenerative disorder of unknown etiology, but is closely associated with damage to dopaminergic neurons. MSA progression is rapid. Hence, long-term drug treatments do not have any therapeutic benefits. We assessed the inhibitory effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on double-toxin-induced dopaminergic neurodegenerative MSA. Results Behavioral disorder was significantly improved and neurodegeneration was prevented following MSC transplantation. Proteomics revealed lower expression of polyamine modulating factor-binding protein 1 (PMFBP1) and higher expression of 3-hydroxymethyl-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase (HMGCL), but these changes were reversed after MSC transplantation. In the in vitro study, the 6-OHDA-induced effects were reversed following co-culture with MSC. However, PMFBP1 knockdown inhibited the recovery effect due to the MSCs. Furthermore, HMGCL expression was decreased following co-culture with MSCs, but treatment with recombinant HMGCL protein inhibited the recovery effects due to MSCs. Conclusions These data indicate that MSCs protected against neuronal loss in MSA by reducing polyamine- and cholesterol-induced neural damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Ran Park
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02453, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Ju Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31, Osongsangmyeong1-ro, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-951, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Mun Yun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02453, Republic of Korea
| | - In Jun Yeo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31, Osongsangmyeong1-ro, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-951, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Young Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280, Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 712-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Pil-Hoon Park
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280, Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 712-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Sook Kim
- Corestem Inc, Pangyo-ro 255 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi, 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Tae Lee
- Corestem Inc, Pangyo-ro 255 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi, 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Suk Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Bae Han
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31, Osongsangmyeong1-ro, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-951, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31, Osongsangmyeong1-ro, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-951, Republic of Korea.
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11
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O'Sullivan A, Lange S, Rotheneichner P, Bieler L, Aigner L, Rivera FJ, Couillard-Despres S. Dimethylsulfoxide Inhibits Oligodendrocyte Fate Choice of Adult Neural Stem and Progenitor Cells. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:1242. [PMID: 31849577 PMCID: PMC6901908 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several clinical trials address demyelinating diseases via transplantation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Published reports detail that administration of MSCs in patients may provide a beneficial immunomodulation, and that factors secreted by MSCs are potent inducers of oligodendrogenesis. Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) is widely used in life science and medicine as solvent, vehicle or cryoprotectant for cells used in transplantation. Importantly, most transplantation protocols do not include the removal of DMSO before injecting the cell suspension into patients. This indifferent application of DMSO is coming under increasing scrutiny following reports investigating its potential toxic side-effects. While the impact of DMSO on the central nervous system (CNS) has been partially studied, its effect on oligodendrocytes and oligodendrogenesis has not been addressed yet. Consequently, we evaluated the influence of DMSO on oligodendrogenesis, and on the pro-oligodendrogenic effect of MSCs’ secreted factors, using adult rat neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs). Here, we demonstrate that a concentration of 1% DMSO robustly suppressed oligodendrogenesis and drove the fate of differentiating NSPCs toward astrogenesis. Furthermore, the pro-oligodendrogenic effect of MSC-conditioned medium (MSCCM) was also nearly completely abolished by the presence of 1% DMSO. In this condition, inhibition of the Erk1/2 signal transduction pathway and high levels of Id2 expression, a specific inhibitor of oligodendrogenic differentiation, were detected. Furthermore, inflammatory demyelinating diseases may even potentiate the impact of DMSO on oligodendrogenesis. Our results demonstrate the imperative of considering the strong anti-oligodendrogenic activity of DMSO when designing future clinical trial protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna O'Sullivan
- Institute of Experimental Neuroregeneration, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Salzburg, Austria.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Simona Lange
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Salzburg, Austria.,Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Peter Rotheneichner
- Institute of Experimental Neuroregeneration, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Lara Bieler
- Institute of Experimental Neuroregeneration, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ludwig Aigner
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Salzburg, Austria.,Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Francisco J Rivera
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Salzburg, Austria.,Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.,Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Sebastien Couillard-Despres
- Institute of Experimental Neuroregeneration, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Salzburg, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
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12
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Rivera FJ, de la Fuente AG, Zhao C, Silva ME, Gonzalez GA, Wodnar R, Feichtner M, Lange S, Errea O, Priglinger E, O'Sullivan A, Romanelli P, Jadasz JJ, Brachtl G, Greil R, Tempfer H, Traweger A, Bátiz LF, Küry P, Couillard‐Despres S, Franklin RJM, Aigner L. Aging restricts the ability of mesenchymal stem cells to promote the generation of oligodendrocytes during remyelination. Glia 2019; 67:1510-1525. [PMID: 31038798 PMCID: PMC6618006 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that leads to severe neurological deficits. Due to their immunomodulatory and neuroprotective activities and their ability to promote the generation of oligodendrocytes, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are currently being developed for autologous cell therapy in MS. As aging reduces the regenerative capacity of all tissues, it is of relevance to investigate whether MSCs retain their pro-oligodendrogenic activity with increasing age. We demonstrate that MSCs derived from aged rats have a reduced capacity to induce oligodendrocyte differentiation of adult CNS stem/progenitor cells. Aging also abolished the ability of MSCs to enhance the generation of myelin-like sheaths in demyelinated cerebellar slice cultures. Finally, in a rat model for CNS demyelination, aging suppressed the capability of systemically transplanted MSCs to boost oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) differentiation during remyelination. Thus, aging restricts the ability of MSCs to support the generation of oligodendrocytes and consequently inhibits their capacity to enhance the generation of myelin-like sheaths. These findings may impact on the design of therapies using autologous MSCs in older MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J. Rivera
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, Institute of Anatomy, Histology and PathologyFaculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de ChileValdiviaChile
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe)Universidad Austral de ChileValdiviaChile
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative MedicineParacelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI‐TReCS)Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
- Wellcome‐MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute & Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Alerie G. de la Fuente
- Wellcome‐MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute & Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Chao Zhao
- Wellcome‐MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute & Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Maria E. Silva
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, Institute of Anatomy, Histology and PathologyFaculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de ChileValdiviaChile
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe)Universidad Austral de ChileValdiviaChile
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative MedicineParacelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI‐TReCS)Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
- Wellcome‐MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute & Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of SciencesUniversidad Austral de ChileValdiviaChile
| | - Ginez A. Gonzalez
- Wellcome‐MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute & Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Roman Wodnar
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative MedicineParacelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI‐TReCS)Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
| | - Martina Feichtner
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative MedicineParacelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI‐TReCS)Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
| | - Simona Lange
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative MedicineParacelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI‐TReCS)Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
| | - Oihana Errea
- Wellcome‐MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute & Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Eleni Priglinger
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative MedicineParacelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical TraumatologyAUVA Research CenterLinz/ViennaAustria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue RegenerationViennaAustria
| | - Anna O'Sullivan
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative MedicineParacelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI‐TReCS)Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
- Institute of Experimental NeuroregenerationParacelsus Medical University SalzburgSalzburgAustria
| | - Pasquale Romanelli
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI‐TReCS)Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
- Institute of Experimental NeuroregenerationParacelsus Medical University SalzburgSalzburgAustria
| | - Janusz J. Jadasz
- Laboratory of Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of OphthalmologyUniversity Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich‐Heine‐UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Gabriele Brachtl
- Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research, 3rd Medical Department for Hematology, Medical Oncology, Hemostasiology, Infectious Diseases, and RheumatologyFederal Hospital of Salzburg and Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
- Experimental and Clinical Cell Therapy InstituteParacelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
| | - Richard Greil
- Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research, 3rd Medical Department for Hematology, Medical Oncology, Hemostasiology, Infectious Diseases, and RheumatologyFederal Hospital of Salzburg and Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
| | - Herbert Tempfer
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI‐TReCS)Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue RegenerationViennaAustria
- Institute of Tendon and Bone RegenerationParacelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
| | - Andreas Traweger
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI‐TReCS)Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue RegenerationViennaAustria
- Institute of Tendon and Bone RegenerationParacelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
| | - Luis F. Bátiz
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe)Universidad Austral de ChileValdiviaChile
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CIB), Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de los AndesSantiagoChile
| | - Patrick Küry
- Department of Neurology, Medical FacultyHeinrich‐Heine‐UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Sebastien Couillard‐Despres
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI‐TReCS)Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue RegenerationViennaAustria
- Institute of Experimental NeuroregenerationParacelsus Medical University SalzburgSalzburgAustria
| | - Robin J. M. Franklin
- Wellcome‐MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute & Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Ludwig Aigner
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative MedicineParacelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI‐TReCS)Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue RegenerationViennaAustria
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13
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Pinheiro LL, de Lima AR, Martins DM, de Oliveira EHC, Souza MPC, de Carvalho Miranda CMF, Baleeiro Beltrão-Braga PC, Russo FB, Pignatari GC, da Silva Filho E, Branco É. Mesenchymal stem cells in dogs with demyelinating leukoencephalitis as an experimental model of multiple sclerosis. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01857. [PMID: 31198874 PMCID: PMC6556833 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Researchers have used dogs with neurological sequelae caused by distemper as an experimental model for multiple sclerosis, owing to the similarities of the neuropathological changes between distemper virus-induced demyelinating leukoencephalitis and multiple sclerosis in humans. However, little is known about the role of mesenchymal stem cells in treating such clinical conditions. Therefore, we investigated the use of mesenchymal stem cells in four dogs with neurological lesions caused by the distemper virus. During the first year after cellular therapy, the animals did not demonstrate significant changes in their locomotive abilities. However, the intense (Grade V) myoclonus in three animals was reduced to a moderate (Grade IV) level. At one year after the mesenchymal stem cell infusions, three animals regained functional ambulation (Grade I), and all four dogs started to move independently (Grades I and II). In two animals, the myoclonic severity had become mild (Grade III). It was concluded that the use of mesenchymal stem cells could improve the quality of life of dogs with neurological sequelae caused by canine distemper, thus presenting hope for similar positive results in human patients with multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luane Lopes Pinheiro
- Institute of Animal Health and Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Rural University of Amazonia, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Ana Rita de Lima
- Institute of Animal Health and Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Rural University of Amazonia, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Danielli Martinelli Martins
- Institute of Animal Health and Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Rural University of Amazonia, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Michel Platini C Souza
- Tissue Culture and Cytogenetics Laboratory of the Environment Sector, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, PA, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fabiele Baldino Russo
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Microbiology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Ednaldo da Silva Filho
- Institute of Animal Health and Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Rural University of Amazonia, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Érika Branco
- Institute of Animal Health and Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Rural University of Amazonia, Belém, PA, Brazil
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14
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Vaes JEG, Vink MA, de Theije CGM, Hoebeek FE, Benders MJNL, Nijboer CHA. The Potential of Stem Cell Therapy to Repair White Matter Injury in Preterm Infants: Lessons Learned From Experimental Models. Front Physiol 2019; 10:540. [PMID: 31143126 PMCID: PMC6521595 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse white matter injury (dWMI) is a major cause of morbidity in the extremely preterm born infant leading to life-long neurological impairments, including deficits in cognitive, motor, sensory, psychological, and behavioral functioning. At present, no treatment options are clinically available to combat dWMI and therefore exploration of novel strategies is urgently needed. In recent years, the pathophysiology underlying dWMI has slowly started to be unraveled, pointing towards the disturbed maturation of oligodendrocytes (OLs) as a key mechanism. Immature OL precursor cells in the developing brain are believed to be highly sensitive to perinatal inflammation and cerebral oxygen fluctuations, leading to impaired OL differentiation and eventually myelination failure. OL lineage development under normal and pathological circumstances and the process of (re)myelination have been studied extensively over the years, often in the context of other adult and pediatric white matter pathologies such as stroke and multiple sclerosis (MS). Various studies have proposed stem cell-based therapeutic strategies to boost white matter regeneration as a potential strategy against a wide range of neurological diseases. In this review we will discuss experimental studies focusing on mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy to reduce white matter injury (WMI) in multiple adult and neonatal neurological diseases. What lessons have been learned from these previous studies and how can we translate this knowledge to application of MSCs for the injured white matter in the preterm infant? A perspective on the current state of stem cell therapy will be given and we will discuss different important considerations of MSCs including cellular sources, timing of treatment and administration routes. Furthermore, we reflect on optimization strategies that could potentially reinforce stem cell therapy, including preconditioning and genetic engineering of stem cells or using cell-free stem cell products, to optimize cell-based strategy for vulnerable preterm infants in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josine E G Vaes
- NIDOD Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marit A Vink
- NIDOD Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Caroline G M de Theije
- NIDOD Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Freek E Hoebeek
- NIDOD Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Manon J N L Benders
- Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Cora H A Nijboer
- NIDOD Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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15
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van Bel F, Vaes J, Groenendaal F. Prevention, Reduction and Repair of Brain Injury of the Preterm Infant. Front Physiol 2019; 10:181. [PMID: 30949060 PMCID: PMC6435588 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Frank van Bel
- Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital and Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Josine Vaes
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and Developmental Origins of Disease, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Floris Groenendaal
- Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital and Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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16
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Effects of Different Doses of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Functional Recovery After Compressive Spinal-Cord Injury in Mice. Neuroscience 2019; 400:17-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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Galeshi A, Ghasemi-Kasman M, Feizi F, Davoodian N, Zare L, Abedian Z. Co-administration of aspirin and adipose-derived stem cell conditioned medium improves the functional recovery of the optic pathway in a lysolecithin-induced demyelination model. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2019; 15:2681-2694. [PMID: 31571884 PMCID: PMC6756276 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s218594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Based on beneficial effects of aspirin and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on myelin repair, in a preset study, effects of co-administration of aspirin and conditioned medium from adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSC-CM) on functional recovery of optic pathway, demyelination levels, and astrocytes' activation were evaluated in a lysolecithin (LPC)-induced demyelination model of optic chiasm. METHODS LPC (1%, 2 µL) was injected into the rat optic chiasm and animals underwent daily intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of ADSCs-CM and oral gavage of aspirin at a dose of 25 mg/kg for 14 days post LPC injection. The conductivity of visual signals was assessed using visual evoked potential recordings (VEPs) before LPC injection and on days 7 and 14 post lesion. Immunostaining against PDGFRα as oligodendrocyte precursor cells marker, MOG as mature myelin marker, and GFAP as astrocyte marker was performed on brain sections at day 14 post LPC injection. FluoroMyelin staining was also used to measure the extent of demyelination areas. RESULTS Our results showed that administration of ADSCs-CM and aspirin significantly reduced the latency of VEP waves in LPC receiving animals. In addition, demyelination levels and GFAP expressing cells were attenuated while the number of oligodendrocyte precursor cells significantly increased in rats treated with ADSCs-CM and aspirin. CONCLUSION Overall, our results suggest that co-administration of ADSCs-CM and aspirin improves the functional recovery of optic pathway through amelioration of astrocyte activation and attenuation of demyelination level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Galeshi
- Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghasemi-Kasman
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Neuroscience Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Farideh Feizi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Nahid Davoodian
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Leila Zare
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Abedian
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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18
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Song P, Xia X, Han T, Fang H, Wang Y, Dong F, Zhang R, Ge P, Shen C. BMSCs promote the differentiation of NSCs into oligodendrocytes via mediating Id2 and Olig expression through BMP/Smad signaling pathway. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20180303. [PMID: 30143582 PMCID: PMC6147919 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) have emerged as a promising treatment for spinal cord injuries. However, the increasing expression of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) in spinal cord injury lesion sites seems to have contributed to the limited oligodendroglial differentiation and the majority of the astroglial differentiation of NSCs. In the present study, we demonstrate that BMPs promote NSCs differentiation toward astrocytes and prevent them from differentiating into oligodendrocytes. This effect is accompanied by the increasing expression of Id2 and the reduction in Oilg1/2 expression. Treatment with bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) can enhance the development of oligodendrocytes in the presence of BMPs. The analysis of Id2, as well as Olig1 and Olig2 gene expression, reveals that the effect of BMPs on these gene expressions is reversed with the addition of BMSCs. In sum, these data strongly suggest that BMSCs can promote the differentiation of NSCs into oligodendrocytes through mediating Id2 and Olig1/2 expression by blocking the BMP/Smad signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiwen Song
- Department of Orthopedics (Spinal Surgery), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiang Xia
- Department of Orthopedics (Spinal Surgery), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Tianyu Han
- Department of Orthopedics (Spinal Surgery), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Huang Fang
- Department of Orthopedics (Spinal Surgery), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Fulong Dong
- Department of Orthopedics (Spinal Surgery), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Renjie Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics (Spinal Surgery), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Peng Ge
- Department of Orthopedics (Spinal Surgery), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Cailiang Shen
- Department of Orthopedics (Spinal Surgery), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
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Maturation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes by Soluble Factors from Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Mol Ther 2018; 26:2681-2695. [PMID: 30217728 PMCID: PMC6224789 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we proposed that the functionality or phenotype of differentiated cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC-CMs) might be modified by co-culture with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), resulting in an improved therapeutic potential for failing myocardial tissues. Structural, motility, electrophysiological, and metabolic analyses revealed that iPSC-CMs co-cultured with MSCs displayed aligned myofibrils with A-, H-, and I-bands that could contract and relax quickly, indicating the promotion of differentiation and the establishment of the iPSC-CM structural framework, and showed clear gap junctions and an electric pacing of >2 Hz, indicating enhanced cell-cell interactions. In addition, soluble factors excreted by MSCs, including several cytokines and exosomes, enhanced cardiomyocyte-specific marker production, produced more energy under normal and stressed conditions, and reduced reactive oxygen species production by iPSC-CMs under stressed condition. Notably, gene ontology and pathway analysis revealed that microRNAs and proteins in the exosomes impacted the functionality and maturation of iPSC-CMs. Furthermore, cell sheets consisting of a mixture of iPSC-CMs and MSCs showed longer survival and enhanced therapeutic effects compared with those consisting of iPSC-CMs alone. This may lead to a new type of iPSC-based cardiomyogenesis therapy for patients with heart failure.
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20
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Sargent A, Shano G, Karl M, Garrison E, Miller C, Miller RH. Transcriptional Profiling of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Identifies Distinct Neuroimmune Pathways Altered by CNS Disease. Int J Stem Cells 2018; 11:48-60. [PMID: 29699382 PMCID: PMC5984058 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc17062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are an attractive cell based therapy in the treatment of CNS demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Preclinical studies demonstrate that BM-MSCs can effectively reduce clinical burden and enhance recovery in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a commonly used animal model of MS. However, a number of recent clinical trials have not shown significant functional benefit following BM-MSC infusion into MS patients. One possibility for the discrepancy between animal and human studies is the source of the cells, as recent studies suggest BM-MSCs from MS patients or animals with EAE lack reparative efficacy compared to naïve cells. We sought to define important transcriptional and functional differences between diseased and naïve MSCs. Methods and Results We utilized RNA Sequencing (RNA-Seq) to assess changes in gene expression between BM-MSCs derived from EAE animals and those derived from healthy controls. We show that EAE alters the expression of a large number of genes in BM-MSCs and changes in gene expression are more pronounced in chronic versus acute disease. Bioinformatic analysis revealed extensive perturbations in BM-MSCs in pathways related to inflammation and the regulation of neural cell development. These changes suggest that signals from EAE derived BM-MSCs inhibit rather than enhance remyelination, and in-vitro studies showed that conditioned medium from EAE MSCs fails to support the development of mature oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the CNS. Conclusions These data provide insight into the failure of autologous BM-MSCs to promote recovery in MS and support the concept of utilizing non-autologous MSCs in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Sargent
- Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, USA
| | - Genevieve Shano
- Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, USA
| | - Molly Karl
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, USA
| | - Eric Garrison
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, USA
| | - Christian Miller
- Department of Pharmacology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, USA
| | - Robert H Miller
- Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, USA.,Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, USA
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21
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De La Fuente AG, Lange S, Silva ME, Gonzalez GA, Tempfer H, van Wijngaarden P, Zhao C, Di Canio L, Trost A, Bieler L, Zaunmair P, Rotheneichner P, O'Sullivan A, Couillard-Despres S, Errea O, Mäe MA, Andrae J, He L, Keller A, Bátiz LF, Betsholtz C, Aigner L, Franklin RJM, Rivera FJ. Pericytes Stimulate Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cell Differentiation during CNS Remyelination. Cell Rep 2018; 20:1755-1764. [PMID: 28834740 PMCID: PMC5574064 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of the neurovascular niche in CNS myelin regeneration is incompletely understood. Here, we show that, upon demyelination, CNS-resident pericytes (PCs) proliferate, and parenchymal non-vessel-associated PC-like cells (PLCs) rapidly develop. During remyelination, mature oligodendrocytes were found in close proximity to PCs. In Pdgfbret/ret mice, which have reduced PC numbers, oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) differentiation was delayed, although remyelination proceeded to completion. PC-conditioned medium accelerated and enhanced OPC differentiation in vitro and increased the rate of remyelination in an ex vivo cerebellar slice model of demyelination. We identified Lama2 as a PC-derived factor that promotes OPC differentiation. Thus, the functional role of PCs is not restricted to vascular homeostasis but includes the modulation of adult CNS progenitor cells involved in regeneration. CNS-resident PCs react to demyelination and are found close to differentiating OPCs PC-deficient mice show delayed OPC differentiation during CNS remyelination PC-conditioned medium accelerates OPC differentiation and enhances remyelination PC-derived LAMA2 induces OPC differentiation
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simona Lange
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Maria Elena Silva
- Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB20AH, UK; Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Ginez A Gonzalez
- Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB20AH, UK
| | - Herbert Tempfer
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; Institute for Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter van Wijngaarden
- Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB20AH, UK; Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Chao Zhao
- Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB20AH, UK
| | - Ludovica Di Canio
- Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB20AH, UK
| | - Andrea Trost
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; Ophthalmology/Optometry and Research Program for Experimental Ophthalmology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Lara Bieler
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; Institute of Experimental Neuroregeneration, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Pia Zaunmair
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; Institute of Experimental Neuroregeneration, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Peter Rotheneichner
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; Institute of Experimental Neuroregeneration, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Anna O'Sullivan
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; Institute of Experimental Neuroregeneration, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sebastien Couillard-Despres
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; Institute of Experimental Neuroregeneration, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Oihana Errea
- Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB20AH, UK
| | - Maarja A Mäe
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johanna Andrae
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Annika Keller
- Division of Neurosurgery, Zürich University Hospital, Zürich University, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Luis F Bátiz
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CIB), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center (ICMC), Karolinska Institutet Novum, 141 57 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Ludwig Aigner
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Robin J M Franklin
- Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB20AH, UK
| | - Francisco J Rivera
- Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB20AH, UK; Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
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22
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Maki T, Morancho A, Segundo PMS, Hayakawa K, Takase H, Liang AC, Gabriel-Salazar M, Medina-Gutiérrez E, Washida K, Montaner J, Lok J, Lo EH, Arai K, Rosell A. Endothelial Progenitor Cell Secretome and Oligovascular Repair in a Mouse Model of Prolonged Cerebral Hypoperfusion. Stroke 2018; 49:1003-1010. [PMID: 29511131 PMCID: PMC5871569 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.117.019346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been extensively investigated as a therapeutic approach for repairing the vascular system in cerebrovascular diseases. Beyond vascular regeneration per se, EPCs may also release factors that affect the entire neurovascular unit. Here, we aim to study the effects of the EPC secretome on oligovascular remodeling in a mouse model of white matter injury after prolonged cerebral hypoperfusion. METHODS The secretome of mouse EPCs was analyzed with a proteome array. In vitro, the effects of the EPC secretome and its factor angiogenin were assessed on primary oligodendrocyte precursor cells and mature human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (hCMED/D3). In vivo, mice were subjected to permanent bilateral common carotid artery stenosis, then treated with EPC secretome at 24 hours and at 1 week, and cognitive outcome was evaluated with the Y maze test together with oligodendrocyte precursor cell proliferation/differentiation and vascular density in white matter at 4 weeks. RESULTS Multiple growth factors, cytokines, and proteases were identified in the EPC secretome, including angiogenin. In vitro, the EPC secretome significantly enhanced endothelial and oligodendrocyte precursor cell proliferation and potentiated oligodendrocyte precursor cell maturation. Angiogenin was proved to be a key factor since pharmacological blockade of angiogenin signaling negated the positive effects of the EPC secretome. In vivo, treatment with the EPC secretome increased vascular density, myelin, and mature oligodendrocytes in white matter and rescued cognitive function in the mouse hypoperfusion model. CONCLUSIONS Factors secreted by EPCs may ameliorate white matter damage in the brain by boosting oligovascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takakuni Maki
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Anna Morancho
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Martinez-San Segundo
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kazuhide Hayakawa
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Hajime Takase
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Anna C. Liang
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Marina Gabriel-Salazar
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esperanza Medina-Gutiérrez
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kazuo Washida
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Joan Montaner
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josephine Lok
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Eng H. Lo
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ken Arai
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Anna Rosell
- From the Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown (T.M., K.H., H.T., A.C.L., K.W., J.L., E.H.L., K.A.); and Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain (A.M., P.M.-S.S., M.G.-S., E.M.-G., J.M., A.R.).
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23
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Lee S, Esworthy T, Stake S, Miao S, Zuo YY, Harris BT, Zhang LG. Advances in 3D Bioprinting for Neural Tissue Engineering. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201700213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Se‐Jun Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering George Washington University Washington DC 20052 USA
| | - Timothy Esworthy
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering George Washington University Washington DC 20052 USA
| | - Seth Stake
- Department of Medicine George Washington University Washington DC 20052 USA
| | - Shida Miao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering George Washington University Washington DC 20052 USA
| | - Yi Y. Zuo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Hawaii at Manoa Honolulu HI 96822 USA
| | - Brent T. Harris
- Department of Neurology and Pathology Georgetown University Washington DC 20007 USA
| | - Lijie Grace Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering George Washington University Washington DC 20052 USA
- Department of Medicine George Washington University Washington DC 20052 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering George Washington University Washington DC 20052 USA
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24
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell Protection of Neurons against Glutamate Excitotoxicity Involves Reduction of NMDA-Triggered Calcium Responses and Surface GluR1, and Is Partly Mediated by TNF. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19030651. [PMID: 29495345 PMCID: PMC5877512 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) provide therapeutic effects in experimental CNS disease models and show promise as cell-based therapies for humans, but their modes of action are not well understood. We previously show that MSC protect rodent neurons against glutamate excitotoxicity in vitro, and in vivo in an epilepsy model. Neuroprotection is associated with reduced NMDA glutamate receptor (NMDAR) subunit expression and neuronal glutamate-induced calcium (Ca2+) responses, and increased expression of stem cell-associated genes. Here, to investigate whether MSC-secreted factors modulate neuronal AMPA glutamate receptors (AMPAR) and gene expression, we performed longitudinal studies of enriched mouse cortical neurons treated with MSC conditioned medium (CM). MSC CM did not alter total levels of GluR1 AMPAR subunit in neurons, but its distribution, reducing cell surface levels compared to non-treated neurons. Proportions of NeuN-positive neurons, and of GFAP- and NG2-positive glia, were equal in untreated and MSC CM-treated cultures over time suggesting that neurons, rather than differentially-expanded glia, account for the immature gene profile previously reported in MSC CM-treated cultures. Lastly, MSC CM contained measurable amounts of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) bioactivity and pre-treatment of MSC CM with the TNF inhibitor etanercept reduced its ability to protect neurons. Together these results indicate that MSC-mediated neuroprotection against glutamate excitotoxicity involves reduced NMDAR and GluR1-containing AMPAR function, and TNF-mediated neuroprotection.
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25
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Following the establishment of a number of successful immunomodulatory treatments for multiple sclerosis, current research focuses on the repair of existing damage. RECENT FINDINGS Promotion of regeneration is particularly important for demyelinated areas with degenerated or functionally impaired axons of the central nervous system's white and gray matter. As the protection and generation of new oligodendrocytes is a key to the re-establishment of functional connections, adult oligodendrogenesis and myelin reconstitution processes are of primary interest. Moreover, understanding, supporting and promoting endogenous repair activities such as mediated by resident oligodendroglial precursor or adult neural stem cells are currently thought to be a promising approach toward the development of novel regenerative therapies. SUMMARY This review summarizes recent developments and findings related to pharmacological myelin repair as well as to the modulation/application of stem cells with the aim to restore defective myelin sheaths.
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26
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Ramalho BDS, Almeida FMD, Sales CM, de Lima S, Martinez AMB. Injection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by intravenous or intraperitoneal routes is a viable alternative to spinal cord injury treatment in mice. Neural Regen Res 2018; 13:1046-1053. [PMID: 29926832 PMCID: PMC6022457 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.233448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In spite of advances in surgical care and rehabilitation, the consequences of spinal cord injury (SCI) are still challenging. Several experimental therapeutic strategies have been studied in the SCI field, and recent advances have led to the development of therapies that may act on the inhibitory microenvironment. Assorted lineages of stem cells are considered a good treatment for SCI. This study investigated the effect of systemic transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in a compressive SCI model. Here we present results of the intraperitoneal route, which has not been used previously for MSC administration after compressive SCI. We used adult female C57BL/6 mice that underwent laminectomy at the T9 level, followed by spinal cord compression for 1 minute with a 30-g vascular clip. The animals were divided into five groups: sham (anesthesia and laminectomy but without compression injury induction), MSC i.p. (intraperitoneal injection of 8 × 105 MSCs in 500 µL of DMEM at 7 days after SCI), MSC i.v. (intravenous injection of 8 × 105 MSCs in 500 µL of DMEM at 7 days after SCI), DMEM i.p. (intraperitoneal injection of 500 µL of DMEM at 7 days after SCI), DMEM i.v. (intravenous injection of 500 µL of DMEM at 7 days after SCI). The effects of MSCs transplantation in white matter sparing were analyzed by luxol fast blue staining. The number of preserved fibers was counted in semithin sections stained with toluidine blue and the presence of trophic factors was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. In addition, we analyzed the locomotor performance with Basso Mouse Scale and Global Mobility Test. Our results showed white matter preservation and a larger number of preserved fibers in the MSC groups than in the DMEM groups. Furthermore, the MSC groups had higher levels of trophic factors (brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor, neurotrophin-3 and neurotrophin-4) in the spinal cord and improved locomotor performance. Our results indicate that injection of MSCs by either intraperitoneal or intravenous routes results in beneficial outcomes and can be elected as a choice for SCI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Dos Santos Ramalho
- Laboratório de Neurodegeneração e Reparo, Departamento de Patologia - Faculdade de Medicina, HUCFF, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Martins de Almeida
- Laboratório de Neurodegeneração e Reparo, Departamento de Patologia - Faculdade de Medicina, HUCFF, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Conrado Mendonça Sales
- Laboratório de Neurodegeneração e Reparo, Departamento de Patologia - Faculdade de Medicina, HUCFF, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Silmara de Lima
- Laboratório de Neurodegeneração e Reparo, Departamento de Patologia - Faculdade de Medicina, HUCFF, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Blanco Martinez
- Laboratório de Neurodegeneração e Reparo, Departamento de Patologia - Faculdade de Medicina, HUCFF, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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27
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Colón JM, González PA, Cajigas Á, Maldonado WI, Torrado AI, Santiago JM, Salgado IK, Miranda JD. Continuous tamoxifen delivery improves locomotor recovery 6h after spinal cord injury by neuronal and glial mechanisms in male rats. Exp Neurol 2018; 299:109-121. [PMID: 29037533 PMCID: PMC5723542 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
No treatment is available for patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). Patients often arrive to the hospital hours after SCI suggesting the need of a therapy that can be used on a clinically relevant window. Previous studies showed that Tamoxifen (TAM) treatment 24h after SCI benefits locomotor recovery in female rats. Tamoxifen exerts beneficial effects in male and female rodents but a gap of knowledge exists on: the therapeutic window of TAM, the spatio-temporal mechanisms activated and if this response is sexually dimorphic. We hypothesized that TAM will favor locomotor recovery when administered up-to 24h after SCI in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats received a thoracic (T10) contusion using the MACSIS impactor followed by placebo or TAM (15mg/21days) pellets in a therapeutic window of 0, 6, 12, or 24h. Animals were sacrificed at 2, 7, 14, 28 or 35days post injury (DPI) to study the molecular and cellular changes in the acute and chronic stages. Immediate or delayed therapy (t=6h) improved locomotor function, increased white matter spared tissue, and neuronal survival. TAM reduced reactive gliosis during chronic stages and increased the expression of Olig-2. A significant difference was observed in estrogen receptor alpha between male and female rodents from 2 to 28 DPI suggesting a sexually dimorphic characteristic that could be related to the behavioral differences observed in the therapeutic window of TAM. This study supports the use of TAM in the SCI setting due to its neuroprotective effects but with a significant sexually dimorphic therapeutic window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Colón
- University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, Department of Physiology, San Juan, PR 00936, USA.
| | - Pablo A González
- University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, Department of Physiology, San Juan, PR 00936, USA.
| | - Ámbar Cajigas
- University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, Department of Physiology, San Juan, PR 00936, USA.
| | - Wanda I Maldonado
- University of Puerto Rico Carolina Campus, Neuroregeneration Division, Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Natural Sciences Department, Carolina, PR 00984, USA.
| | - Aranza I Torrado
- University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, Department of Physiology, San Juan, PR 00936, USA.
| | - José M Santiago
- University of Puerto Rico Carolina Campus, Neuroregeneration Division, Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Natural Sciences Department, Carolina, PR 00984, USA.
| | - Iris K Salgado
- University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, Department of Physiology, San Juan, PR 00936, USA.
| | - Jorge D Miranda
- University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, Department of Physiology, San Juan, PR 00936, USA.
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28
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Jadasz JJ, Tepe L, Beyer F, Samper Agrelo I, Akkermann R, Spitzhorn LS, Silva ME, Oreffo ROC, Hartung HP, Prigione A, Rivera FJ, Adjaye J, Küry P. Human mesenchymal factors induce rat hippocampal- and human neural stem cell dependent oligodendrogenesis. Glia 2017; 66:145-160. [PMID: 28940767 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The generation of new oligodendrocytes is essential for adult brain repair in diseases such as multiple sclerosis. We previously identified the multifunctional p57kip2 protein as a negative regulator of myelinating glial cell differentiation and as an intrinsic switch of glial fate decision in adult neural stem cells (aNSCs). In oligodendroglial precursor cells (OPCs), p57kip2 protein nuclear exclusion was recently found to be rate limiting for differentiation to proceed. Furthermore, stimulation with mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived factors enhanced oligodendrogenesis by yet unknown mechanisms. To elucidate this instructive interaction, we investigated to what degree MSC secreted factors are species dependent, whether hippocampal aNSCs respond equally well to such stimuli, whether apart from oligodendroglial differentiation also tissue integration and axonal wrapping can be promoted and whether the oligodendrogenic effect involved subcellular translocation of p57kip2. We found that CC1 positive oligodendrocytes within the hilus express nuclear p57kip2 protein and that MSC dependent stimulation of cultured hippocampal aNSCs was not accompanied by nuclear p57kip2 exclusion as observed for parenchymal OPCs after spontaneous differentiation. Stimulation with human MSC factors was observed to equally promote rat stem cell oligodendrogenesis, axonal wrapping and tissue integration. As forced nuclear shuttling of p57kip2 led to decreased CNPase- but elevated GFAP expression levels, this indicates heterogenic oligodendroglial mechanisms occurring between OPCs and aNSCs. We also show for the first time that dominant pro-oligodendroglial factors derived from human fetal MSCs can instruct human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived NSCs to differentiate into O4 positive oligodendrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz J Jadasz
- Department of Neurology, Neuroregeneration, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, D-40225, Germany
| | - Lena Tepe
- Department of Neurology, Neuroregeneration, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, D-40225, Germany
| | - Felix Beyer
- Department of Neurology, Neuroregeneration, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, D-40225, Germany
| | - Iria Samper Agrelo
- Department of Neurology, Neuroregeneration, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, D-40225, Germany
| | - Rainer Akkermann
- Department of Neurology, Neuroregeneration, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, D-40225, Germany
| | - Lucas-Sebastian Spitzhorn
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, D-40225, Germany
| | - Maria Elena Silva
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.,Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Richard O C Oreffo
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
| | - Hans-Peter Hartung
- Department of Neurology, Neuroregeneration, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, D-40225, Germany
| | | | - Francisco J Rivera
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.,Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.,Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine & Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - James Adjaye
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, D-40225, Germany
| | - Patrick Küry
- Department of Neurology, Neuroregeneration, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, D-40225, Germany
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29
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Abumaree MH, Abomaray FM, Alshabibi MA, AlAskar AS, Kalionis B. Immunomodulatory properties of human placental mesenchymal stem/stromal cells. Placenta 2017; 59:87-95. [PMID: 28411943 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are isolated from various fetal and adult tissues such as bone marrow, adipose tissue, cord blood and placenta. Placental MSCs (pMSCs), the main focus of this review, are relatively new MSC types that are not as intensively studied compared with bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs). MSCs modulate the immune functions of important immune cells involved in alloantigen recognition and elimination, including antigen presenting cells (APCs), T cells, B cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Clinical trials, both completed and underway, employ MSCs to treat various human immunological diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and type 1 diabetes. However, the mechanisms that mediate the immunosuppressive effects of pMSCs are still largely unknown, and the safety of pMSC use in clinical settings needs further confirmation. Here, we review the current knowledge of the immunosuppressive properties of placental MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Abumaree
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Minstry of National Guard Health Affairs, P.O. Box 22490, Riyadh 11426, Mail Code 1515, Saudi Arabia; College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Minstry of National Guard Health Affairs, P.O. Box 3660, Riyadh 11481, Mail Code 3124, Saudi Arabia.
| | - F M Abomaray
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M A Alshabibi
- National Center for Stem Cell Technology, Life Sciences and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - A S AlAskar
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Minstry of National Guard Health Affairs, P.O. Box 22490, Riyadh 11426, Mail Code 1515, Saudi Arabia
| | - B Kalionis
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, University of Melbourne Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
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30
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Isakova IA, Baker KC, Dufour J, Phinney DG. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Yield Transient Improvements in Motor Function in an Infant Rhesus Macaque with Severe Early-Onset Krabbe Disease. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 6:99-109. [PMID: 28170189 PMCID: PMC5442751 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Krabbe disease, or globoid cell leukodystrophy, is a rare disorder caused by deficient galactosylceramidase activity and loss of myelin-forming oligodendrocytes, resulting in progressive demyelination and severely impaired motor function. Disease symptoms in humans appear within 3-6 months of age (early infantile) and manifest as marked irritability, spasticity, and seizures. The disease is often fatal by the second year of life, with few effective treatment options. Herein we evaluated the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) administered intracranially to a 1-month-old rhesus macaque diagnosed with severe early-onset Krabbe disease that displayed neurologic and behavioral symptoms similar to those of human patients. The infant was subjected to physical and neurological behavior examinations and nerve conduction velocity tests to assess efficacy, and outcomes were compared with age-matched normal infants and Krabbe-affected rhesus monkeys with late-onset disease. Changes in major blood lymphocyte populations were also monitored to assess host immune cell responses. MSC administration resulted in transient improvements in coordination, ambulation, cognition, and large motor skills, which correlated with increased peripheral nerve conduction velocities and decreased latencies. Improvements also corresponded to transient increases in peripheral blood lymphocyte counts, but secondary challenge failed to elicit allo-antibody production. Nevertheless, white cell and neutrophil counts showed dramatic increases, and CD20+ B cell counts underwent a precipitous decline at late stages of disease progression. Correlative data linking MSC administration to transient improvements in motor function suggest that MSCs should be evaluated further as an experimental therapy for rare neurodegenerative diseases. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017;6:99-109.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kate C. Baker
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jason Dufour
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Donald G. Phinney
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute–Scripps Florida, Jupiter, Florida, USA
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Akkermann R, Jadasz JJ, Azim K, Küry P. Taking Advantage of Nature's Gift: Can Endogenous Neural Stem Cells Improve Myelin Regeneration? Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17111895. [PMID: 27854261 PMCID: PMC5133894 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17111895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Irreversible functional deficits in multiple sclerosis (MS) are directly correlated to axonal damage and loss. Neurodegeneration results from immune-mediated destruction of myelin sheaths and subsequent axonal demyelination. Importantly, oligodendrocytes, the myelinating glial cells of the central nervous system, can be replaced to some extent to generate new myelin sheaths. This endogenous regeneration capacity has so far mainly been attributed to the activation and recruitment of resident oligodendroglial precursor cells. As this self-repair process is limited and increasingly fails while MS progresses, much interest has evolved regarding the development of remyelination-promoting strategies and the presence of alternative cell types, which can also contribute to the restoration of myelin sheaths. The adult brain comprises at least two neurogenic niches harboring life-long adult neural stem cells (NSCs). An increasing number of investigations are beginning to shed light on these cells under pathological conditions and revealed a significant potential of NSCs to contribute to myelin repair activities. In this review, these emerging investigations are discussed with respect to the importance of stimulating endogenous repair mechanisms from germinal sources. Moreover, we present key findings of NSC-derived oligodendroglial progeny, including a comprehensive overview of factors and mechanisms involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Akkermann
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Janusz Joachim Jadasz
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Kasum Azim
- Focus Translational Neuroscience, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University of Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Patrick Küry
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Abstract
The utilization of mesenchymal stem cells (also known as mesenchymal stromal cells, or MSCs) as a cell-based therapy for diseases that have ongoing inflammatory damage has become increasingly available. Our understanding of the cell biology of MSCs is still incomplete. However, as a result of increasing numbers of pre-clinical and clinical studies, general themes are emerging. The capacity of MSCs to reduce disease burden is largely associated with their ability to modulate the activity of the host immune responses rather than to contribute directly to tissue regeneration. As a result, they have significant potential in the treatment of chronic inflammatory disease regardless of the affected tissue. For example, MSC based therapies have been developed in the context of diseases as diverse as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. Here we discuss some of the principles that link these conditions, and the aspects of MSC biology that contribute to their use as a therapy for chronic inflammatory conditions.
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Kremer D, Cui QL, Göttle P, Kuhlmann T, Hartung HP, Antel J, Küry P. CXCR7 Is Involved in Human Oligodendroglial Precursor Cell Maturation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146503. [PMID: 26741980 PMCID: PMC4704822 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Differentiation of oligodendroglial precursor cells (OPCs), a crucial prerequisite for central nervous system (CNS) remyelination in diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS), is modulated by a multitude of extrinsic and intrinsic factors. In a previous study we revealed that the chemokine CXCL12 stimulates rodent OPC differentiation via activation of its receptor CXCR7. We could now demonstrate that CXCR7 is also expressed on NogoA- and Nkx2.2-positive oligodendroglial cells in human MS brains and that stimulation of cultured primary fetal human OPCs with CXCL12 promotes their differentiation as measured by surface marker expression and morphologic complexity. Pharmacological inhibition of CXCR7 effectively blocks these CXCL12-dependent effects. Our findings therefore suggest that a specific activation of CXCR7 could provide a means to promote oligodendroglial differentiation facilitating endogenous remyelination activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Kremer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Qiao-Ling Cui
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Peter Göttle
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tanja Kuhlmann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Hartung
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jack Antel
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Patrick Küry
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Hao F, Li A, Yu H, Liu M, Wang Y, Liu J, Liang Z. Enhanced Neuroprotective Effects of Combination Therapy with Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Ginkgo biloba Extract (EGb761) in a Rat Model of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Neuroimmunomodulation 2016; 23:41-57. [PMID: 26468875 DOI: 10.1159/000437429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated whether Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb761) can provide neuroprotective effects and enhance the efficacy of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in a rat model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). METHODS We examined the synergistic action of BMSCs combined with EGb761 treatment in EAE rats. The immunized rats received an intravenous injection of BMSCs or intraperitoneal administration of EGb761 or both on the day of the onset of clinical symptoms and for the following 21 days. Clinical severity scores were recorded daily and histopathological examination of the spinal cord and cytokine concentrations in the serum were studied on days 14 and 31 postimmunization. RESULTS Our results showed that combined treatment with BMSCs and EGb761 further decreased the disease severity, maximal clinical score and number of infiltrated mononuclear cells, especially CD3-positive T cells. We observed that the demyelination score and the density of axonal loss in the spinal cord were significantly reduced in mice receiving the combination therapy. The serum concentrations of the phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain, tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ were reduced in the combination-treatment group. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that combined treatment with BMSCs and EGb761 have a synergistic effect in rats with EAE by inhibiting the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, demyelination and protecting axons and neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Hao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China
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van Tilborg E, Heijnen CJ, Benders MJ, van Bel F, Fleiss B, Gressens P, Nijboer CH. Impaired oligodendrocyte maturation in preterm infants: Potential therapeutic targets. Prog Neurobiol 2015; 136:28-49. [PMID: 26655283 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Preterm birth is an evolving challenge in neonatal health care. Despite declining mortality rates among extremely premature neonates, morbidity rates remain very high. Currently, perinatal diffuse white matter injury (WMI) is the most commonly observed type of brain injury in preterm infants and has become an important research area. Diffuse WMI is associated with impaired cognitive, sensory and psychological functioning and is increasingly being recognized as a risk factor for autism-spectrum disorders, ADHD, and other psychological disturbances. No treatment options are currently available for diffuse WMI and the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are far from being completely understood. Preterm birth is associated with maternal inflammation, perinatal infections and disrupted oxygen supply which can affect the cerebral microenvironment by causing activation of microglia, astrogliosis, excitotoxicity, and oxidative stress. This intricate interplay of events negatively influences oligodendrocyte development, causing arrested oligodendrocyte maturation or oligodendrocyte cell death, which ultimately results in myelination failure in the developing white matter. This review discusses the current state in perinatal WMI research, ranging from a clinical perspective to basic molecular pathophysiology. The complex regulation of oligodendrocyte development in healthy and pathological conditions is described, with a specific focus on signaling cascades that may play a role in WMI. Furthermore, emerging concepts in the field of WMI and issues regarding currently available animal models are put forward. Novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying impeded oligodendrocyte maturation in diffuse WMI may aid the development of novel treatment options which are desperately needed to improve the quality-of-life of preterm neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik van Tilborg
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and Developmental Origins of Disease, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cobi J Heijnen
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Manon J Benders
- Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank van Bel
- Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bobbi Fleiss
- Inserm, Paris U1141, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS, Paris 1141, France; Centre for the Developing Brain, Department of Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, King's Health Partners, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pierre Gressens
- Inserm, Paris U1141, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS, Paris 1141, France; Centre for the Developing Brain, Department of Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, King's Health Partners, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cora H Nijboer
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and Developmental Origins of Disease, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Otero-Ortega L, Gutiérrez-Fernández M, Ramos-Cejudo J, Rodríguez-Frutos B, Fuentes B, Sobrino T, Hernanz TN, Campos F, López JA, Cerdán S, Vázquez J, Díez-Tejedor E. White matter injury restoration after stem cell administration in subcortical ischemic stroke. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:121. [PMID: 26088123 PMCID: PMC4513704 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0111-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite its high incidence, nerve fiber (axon and myelin) damage after cerebral infarct has not yet been extensively investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate white matter repair after adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADMSC) administration in an experimental model of subcortical stroke. Furthermore, we aimed to analyze the ADMSC secretome and whether this could be implicated in this repair function. Methods An animal model of subcortical ischemic stroke with white matter affectation was induced in rats by injection of endothelin-1. At 24 hours, 2 × 106 ADMSC were administered intravenously to the treatment group. Functional evaluation, lesion size, fiber tract integrity, cell death, proliferation, white matter repair markers (Olig-2, NF, and MBP) and NogoA were all studied after sacrifice (7 days and 28 days). ADMSC migration and implantation in the brain as well as proteomics analysis and functions of the secretome were also analyzed. Results Neither ADMSC migration nor implantation to the brain was observed after ADMSC administration. In contrast, ADMSC implantation was detected in peripheral organs. The treatment group showed a smaller functional deficit, smaller lesion area, less cell death, more oligodendrocyte proliferation, more white matter connectivity and higher amounts of myelin formation. The treated animals also showed higher levels of white matter-associated markers in the injured area than the control group. Proteomics analysis of the ADMSC secretome identified 2,416 proteins, not all of them previously described to be involved in brain plasticity. Conclusions White matter integrity in subcortical stroke is in part restored by ADMSC treatment; this is mediated by repair molecular factors implicated in axonal sprouting, remyelination and oligodendrogenesis. These findings are associated with improved functional recovery after stroke. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-015-0111-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Otero-Ortega
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Neuroscience and Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, La Paz University Hospital, Neuroscience Area of IdiPAZ Health Research Institute, Autónoma University of Madrid, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Gutiérrez-Fernández
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Neuroscience and Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, La Paz University Hospital, Neuroscience Area of IdiPAZ Health Research Institute, Autónoma University of Madrid, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jaime Ramos-Cejudo
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Neuroscience and Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, La Paz University Hospital, Neuroscience Area of IdiPAZ Health Research Institute, Autónoma University of Madrid, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Berta Rodríguez-Frutos
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Neuroscience and Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, La Paz University Hospital, Neuroscience Area of IdiPAZ Health Research Institute, Autónoma University of Madrid, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Blanca Fuentes
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Neuroscience and Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, La Paz University Hospital, Neuroscience Area of IdiPAZ Health Research Institute, Autónoma University of Madrid, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Tomás Sobrino
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Travesía de Choupana, s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Teresa Navarro Hernanz
- Laboratory for Imaging and Spectroscopy by Magnetic Resonance (LISMAR), Institute of Biomedical Research Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Arturo Duperier, 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Francisco Campos
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Travesía de Choupana, s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Juan Antonio López
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory & Proteomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CNIC, Melchor Fernández, Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sebastián Cerdán
- Laboratory for Imaging and Spectroscopy by Magnetic Resonance (LISMAR), Institute of Biomedical Research Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Arturo Duperier, 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory & Proteomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CNIC, Melchor Fernández, Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Exuperio Díez-Tejedor
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Neuroscience and Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, La Paz University Hospital, Neuroscience Area of IdiPAZ Health Research Institute, Autónoma University of Madrid, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain.
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Johnstone SA, Liley M, Dalby MJ, Barnett SC. Comparison of human olfactory and skeletal MSCs using osteogenic nanotopography to demonstrate bone-specific bioactivity of the surfaces. Acta Biomater 2015; 13:266-76. [PMID: 25463488 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Recently we identified a novel population of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from human olfactory mucosa (OM-MSCs), a tissue which promotes neurogenesis throughout life, and demonstrated that they promoted CNS myelination to a greater extent than bone marrow-derived (BM)-MSCs. Previous data demonstrated that nanotopographies with a degree of disorder induce BM-MSC osteogenic differentiation. Thus, using biomaterials as non-chemical tools, we investigated if MSCs from a completely different cellular niche could be induced to differentiate similarly to nanoscale cues alone. Both MSCs differentiated into bone when cultured on nanotopographically embossed polycaprolactone (PCL) with a disordered pattern and heights but not on a "smooth" non-embossed PCL control substrate, but OM-MSC changes were at lower expression levels. Both MSCs showed similar increases in differentiation markers at the protein and mRNA level when plated on the two patterned surfaces. Thus, topographical cues from substrates with disordered patterns can up-regulate several MSC resident genes in both BM-MSCs and OM-MSCs. Moreover, antibody purified BM-MSCs had similar properties to non-purified BM-MSCs. These data suggest that MSCs from a neural cellular niche express similar bone-induced cues to BM-MSCs, suggesting that MSCs that inherently support nervous tissue can differentiate along the bone lineage in a similar manner to MSCs from a skeletal environment.
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Liu Z, He B, Zhang RY, Zhang K, Ding Y, Ruan JW, Ling EA, Wu JL, Zeng YS. Electroacupuncture Promotes the Differentiation of Transplanted Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Preinduced With Neurotrophin-3 and Retinoic Acid Into Oligodendrocyte-Like Cells in Demyelinated Spinal Cord of Rats. Cell Transplant 2014; 24:1265-81. [PMID: 24856958 DOI: 10.3727/096368914x682099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) promotes functional recovery in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and in a murine model of MS. However, there is only a modicum of information on differentiation of grafted MSCs into oligodendrocyte-like cells in MS. The purpose of this study was to transplant neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) and retinoic acid (RA) preinduced MSCs (NR-MSCs) into a demyelinated spinal cord induced by ethidium bromide and to investigate whether EA treatment could promote NT-3 secretion in the demyelinated spinal cord. We also sought to determine whether increased NT-3 could further enhance NR-MSCs overexpressing the tyrosine receptor kinase C (TrkC) to differentiate into more oligodendrocyte-like cells, resulting in increased remyelination and nerve conduction in the spinal cord. Our results showed that NT-3 and RA increased transcription of TrkC mRNA in cultured MSCs. EA increased NT-3 levels and promoted differentiation of oligodendrocyte-like cells from grafted NR-MSCs in the demyelinated spinal cord. There was evidence of myelin formation by grafted NR-MSCs. In addition, NR-MSC transplantation combined with EA treatment (the NR-MSCs + EA group) reduced demyelination and promoted remyelination. Furthermore, the conduction of cortical motor-evoked potentials has improved compared to controls. Together, our data suggest that preinduced MSC transplantation combined with EA treatment not only increased MSC differentiation into oligodendrocyte-like cells forming myelin sheaths, but also promoted remyelination and functional improvement of nerve conduction in the demyelinated spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Murray IR, West CC, Hardy WR, James AW, Park TS, Nguyen A, Tawonsawatruk T, Lazzari L, Soo C, Péault B. Natural history of mesenchymal stem cells, from vessel walls to culture vessels. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 71:1353-74. [PMID: 24158496 PMCID: PMC11113613 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-013-1462-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2013] [Revised: 08/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) can regenerate tissues by direct differentiation or indirectly by stimulating angiogenesis, limiting inflammation, and recruiting tissue-specific progenitor cells. MSCs emerge and multiply in long-term cultures of total cells from the bone marrow or multiple other organs. Such a derivation in vitro is simple and convenient, hence popular, but has long precluded understanding of the native identity, tissue distribution, frequency, and natural role of MSCs, which have been defined and validated exclusively in terms of surface marker expression and developmental potential in culture into bone, cartilage, and fat. Such simple, widely accepted criteria uniformly typify MSCs, even though some differences in potential exist, depending on tissue sources. Combined immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and cell culture have allowed tracking the artifactual cultured mesenchymal stem/stromal cells back to perivascular anatomical regions. Presently, both pericytes enveloping microvessels and adventitial cells surrounding larger arteries and veins have been described as possible MSC forerunners. While such a vascular association would explain why MSCs have been isolated from virtually all tissues tested, the origin of the MSCs grown from umbilical cord blood remains unknown. In fact, most aspects of the biology of perivascular MSCs are still obscure, from the emergence of these cells in the embryo to the molecular control of their activity in adult tissues. Such dark areas have not compromised intents to use these cells in clinical settings though, in which purified perivascular cells already exhibit decisive advantages over conventional MSCs, including purity, thorough characterization and, principally, total independence from in vitro culture. A growing body of experimental data is currently paving the way to the medical usage of autologous sorted perivascular cells for indications in which MSCs have been previously contemplated or actually used, such as bone regeneration and cardiovascular tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iain R. Murray
- MRC Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- BHF Center for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Orthopedic Hospital Research Center and Broad Stem Cell Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Christopher C. West
- MRC Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- BHF Center for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Winters R. Hardy
- Orthopedic Hospital Research Center and Broad Stem Cell Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
- Indiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
| | - Aaron W. James
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Tea Soon Park
- Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Alan Nguyen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Tulyapruek Tawonsawatruk
- MRC Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- BHF Center for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Chia Soo
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Departments of Surgery and Orthopedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Bruno Péault
- MRC Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- BHF Center for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Orthopedic Hospital Research Center and Broad Stem Cell Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
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Tanabe S. Role of mesenchymal stem cells in cell life and their signaling. World J Stem Cells 2014; 6:24-32. [PMID: 24567785 PMCID: PMC3927011 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v6.i1.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have various roles in the body and cellular environment, and the cellular phenotypes of MSCs changes in different conditions. MSCs support the maintenance of other cells, and the capacity of MSCs to differentiate into several cell types makes the cells unique and full of possibilities. The involvement of MSCs in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition is an important property of these cells. In this review, the role of MSCs in cell life, including their application in therapy, is first described, and the signaling mechanism of MSCs is investigated for a further understanding of these cells.
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