1
|
Reis MBE, Maximo AI, Magno JM, de Lima Bellan D, Buzzo JLA, Simas FF, Rocha HAO, da Silva Trindade E, Camargo de Oliveira C. A Fucose-Containing Sulfated Polysaccharide from Spatoglossum schröederi Potentially Targets Tumor Growth Rather Than Cytotoxicity: Distinguishing Action on Human Melanoma Cell Lines. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 26:181-198. [PMID: 38273163 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-024-10287-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Natural substances are strategic candidates for drug development in cancer research. Marine-derived molecules are of special interest due to their wide range of biological activities and sustainable large-scale production. Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that originates from genetic mutations in melanocytes. BRAF, RAS, and NF1 mutations are described as the major melanoma drivers, but approximately 20% of patients lack these mutations and are included in the triple wild-type (tripleWT) classification. Recent advances in targeted therapy directed at driver mutations along with immunotherapy have only partially improved patients' overall survival, and consequently, melanoma remains deadly when in advanced stages. Fucose-containing sulfated polysaccharides (FCSP) are potential candidates to treat melanoma; therefore, we investigated Fucan A, a FCSP from Spatoglossum schröederi brown seaweed, in vitro in human melanoma cell lines presenting different mutations. Up to 72 h Fucan A treatment was not cytotoxic either to normal melanocytes or melanoma cell lines. Interestingly, it was able to impair the tripleWT CHL-1 cell proliferation (57%), comparable to the chemotherapeutic cytotoxic drug cisplatin results, with the advantage of not causing cytotoxicity. Fucan A increased CHL-1 doubling time, an effect attributed to cell cycle arrest. Vascular mimicry, a close related angiogenesis process, was also impaired (73%). Fucan A mode of action could be related to gene expression modulation, in special β-catenin downregulation, a molecule with protagonist roles in important signaling pathways. Taken together, results indicate that Fucan A is a potential anticancer molecule and, therefore, deserves further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maíra Barbosa E Reis
- Cell Biology Department, Universidade Federal Do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Jessica Maria Magno
- Cell Biology Department, Universidade Federal Do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Daniel de Lima Bellan
- Cell Biology Department, Universidade Federal Do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | | - Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
- Biochemistry Department, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pulver C, Grun D, Duc J, Sheppard S, Planet E, Coudray A, de Fondeville R, Pontis J, Trono D. Statistical learning quantifies transposable element-mediated cis-regulation. Genome Biol 2023; 24:258. [PMID: 37950299 PMCID: PMC10637000 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-023-03085-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transposable elements (TEs) have colonized the genomes of most metazoans, and many TE-embedded sequences function as cis-regulatory elements (CREs) for genes involved in a wide range of biological processes from early embryogenesis to innate immune responses. Because of their repetitive nature, TEs have the potential to form CRE platforms enabling the coordinated and genome-wide regulation of protein-coding genes by only a handful of trans-acting transcription factors (TFs). RESULTS Here, we directly test this hypothesis through mathematical modeling and demonstrate that differences in expression at protein-coding genes alone are sufficient to estimate the magnitude and significance of TE-contributed cis-regulatory activities, even in contexts where TE-derived transcription fails to do so. We leverage hundreds of overexpression experiments and estimate that, overall, gene expression is influenced by TE-embedded CREs situated within approximately 500 kb of promoters. Focusing on the cis-regulatory potential of TEs within the gene regulatory network of human embryonic stem cells, we find that pluripotency-specific and evolutionarily young TE subfamilies can be reactivated by TFs involved in post-implantation embryogenesis. Finally, we show that TE subfamilies can be split into truly regulatorily active versus inactive fractions based on additional information such as matched epigenomic data, observing that TF binding may better predict TE cis-regulatory activity than differences in histone marks. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that TE-embedded CREs contribute to gene regulation during and beyond gastrulation. On a methodological level, we provide a statistical tool that infers TE-dependent cis-regulation from RNA-seq data alone, thus facilitating the study of TEs in the next-generation sequencing era.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Pulver
- School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Delphine Grun
- School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julien Duc
- School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Shaoline Sheppard
- School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Evarist Planet
- School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Coudray
- School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Raphaël de Fondeville
- Swiss Data Science Center, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Julien Pontis
- School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- SOPHiA GENETICS SA, La Pièce 12, CH-1180, Rolle, Switzerland.
| | - Didier Trono
- School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Z, Luo M, Liang Q, Zhao K, Hu Y, Wang W, Feng X, Hu B, Teng J, You T, Li R, Bao Z, Pan W, Yang T, Zhang C, Li T, Dong X, Yi X, Liu B, Zhao L, Li M, Chen K, Song W, Yang J, Li MJ. Landscape of enhancer disruption and functional screen in melanoma cells. Genome Biol 2023; 24:248. [PMID: 37904237 PMCID: PMC10614365 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-023-03087-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high mutation rate throughout the entire melanoma genome presents a major challenge in stratifying true driver events from the background mutations. Numerous recurrent non-coding alterations, such as those in enhancers, can shape tumor evolution, thereby emphasizing the importance in systematically deciphering enhancer disruptions in melanoma. RESULTS Here, we leveraged 297 melanoma whole-genome sequencing samples to prioritize highly recurrent regions. By performing a genome-scale CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) screen on highly recurrent region-associated enhancers in melanoma cells, we identified 66 significant hits which could have tumor-suppressive roles. These functional enhancers show unique mutational patterns independent of classical significantly mutated genes in melanoma. Target gene analysis for the essential enhancers reveal many known and hidden mechanisms underlying melanoma growth. Utilizing extensive functional validation experiments, we demonstrate that a super enhancer element could modulate melanoma cell proliferation by targeting MEF2A, and another distal enhancer is able to sustain PTEN tumor-suppressive potential via long-range interactions. CONCLUSIONS Our study establishes a catalogue of crucial enhancers and their target genes in melanoma growth and progression, and illuminates the identification of novel mechanisms of dysregulation for melanoma driver genes and new therapeutic targeting strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Wang
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Menghan Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Liang
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Scientific Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuelin Hu
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiangling Feng
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bolang Hu
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianjin Teng
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianyi You
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ran Li
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhengkai Bao
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenhao Pan
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tielong Yang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaobao Dong
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianfu Yi
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ben Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Miaoxin Li
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kexin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Weihong Song
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Jilong Yang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Mulin Jun Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Szmajda-Krygier D, Krygier A, Żebrowska-Nawrocka M, Pietrzak J, Świechowski R, Wosiak A, Jeleń A, Balcerczak E. Differential Expression of AP-2 Transcription Factors Family in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma-A Bioinformatics Study. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040667. [PMID: 36831334 PMCID: PMC9954805 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Members of the activator protein 2 (AP-2) transcription factor (TF) family are known to play a role in both physiological processes and cancer development. The family comprises five DNA-binding proteins encoded by the TFAP2A to TFAP2E genes. Numerous scientific reports describe differential expression of these TF and their genes in various types of cancer, identifying among them a potential oncogene or suppressor like TFAP2A or TFAP2C. Other reports suggest their influence on disease development and progression, as well as response to treatment. Not all members of this AP-2 family have been comprehensively studied thus far. The aim of the present article is to gather and discuss knowledge available in bioinformatics databases regarding all five members of this family and to differentiate them in relation to the two most common lung cancer subtypes: adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). In addition, to assess the difference in levels depending on a number of clinicopathological factors, the impact on patient survival and interactions with tumor-infiltrating immune cells. This article may help to identify the target for further original research that may contribute to the discovery of new diagnostic biomarkers and define the molecular differences between LUAD and LUSC, which may affect the therapy effectiveness improvement and longer survival.
Collapse
|
5
|
The regulatory role of AP-2β in monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems: insights on its signalling pathway, linked disorders and theragnostic potential. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:151. [PMID: 36076256 PMCID: PMC9461128 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00891-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractMonoaminergic neurotransmitter systems play a central role in neuronal function and behaviour. Dysregulation of these systems gives rise to neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders with high prevalence and societal burden, collectively termed monoamine neurotransmitter disorders (MNDs). Despite extensive research, the transcriptional regulation of monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems is not fully explored. Interestingly, certain drugs that act on these systems have been shown to modulate central levels of the transcription factor AP-2 beta (AP-2β, gene: TFAP2Β). AP-2β regulates multiple key genes within these systems and thereby its levels correlate with monoamine neurotransmitters measures; yet, its signalling pathways are not well understood. Moreover, although dysregulation of TFAP2Β has been associated with MNDs, the underlying mechanisms for these associations remain elusive. In this context, this review addresses AP-2β, considering its basic structural aspects, regulation and signalling pathways in the controlling of monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems, and possible mechanisms underpinning associated MNDS. It also underscores the significance of AP-2β as a potential diagnostic biomarker and its potential and limitations as a therapeutic target for specific MNDs as well as possible pharmaceutical interventions for targeting it. In essence, this review emphasizes the role of AP-2β as a key regulator of the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems and its importance for understanding the pathogenesis and improving the management of MNDs.
Collapse
|
6
|
Pillai M, Rajaram G, Thakur P, Agarwal N, Muralidharan S, Ray A, Barbhaya D, Somarelli JA, Jolly MK. Mapping phenotypic heterogeneity in melanoma onto the epithelial-hybrid-mesenchymal axis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:913803. [PMID: 36003764 PMCID: PMC9395132 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.913803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a well-studied hallmark of epithelial-like cancers that is characterized by loss of epithelial markers and gain of mesenchymal markers. Melanoma, which is derived from melanocytes of the skin, also undergo phenotypic plasticity toward mesenchymal-like phenotypes under the influence of various micro-environmental cues. Our study connects EMT to the phenomenon of de-differentiation (i.e., transition from proliferative to more invasive phenotypes) observed in melanoma cells during drug treatment. By analyzing 78 publicly available transcriptomic melanoma datasets, we found that de-differentiation in melanoma is accompanied by upregulation of mesenchymal genes, but not necessarily a concomitant loss of an epithelial program, suggesting a more “one-dimensional” EMT that leads to a hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal phenotype. Samples lying in the hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal phenotype also correspond to the intermediate phenotypes in melanoma along the proliferative-invasive axis - neural crest and transitory ones. As melanoma cells progress along the invasive axis, the mesenchymal signature does not increase monotonically. Instead, we observe a peak in mesenchymal scores followed by a decline, as cells further de-differentiate. This biphasic response recapitulates the dynamics of melanocyte development, suggesting close interactions among genes controlling differentiation and mesenchymal programs in melanocytes. Similar trends were noted for metabolic changes often associated with EMT in carcinomas in which progression along mesenchymal axis correlates with the downregulation of oxidative phosphorylation, while largely maintaining glycolytic capacity. Overall, these results provide an explanation for how EMT and de-differentiation axes overlap with respect to their transcriptional and metabolic programs in melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maalavika Pillai
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
- Undergraduate Programme, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Gouri Rajaram
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | - Pradipti Thakur
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | - Nilay Agarwal
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
- Undergraduate Programme, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Srinath Muralidharan
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Ankita Ray
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | - Dev Barbhaya
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
| | | | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
- *Correspondence: Mohit Kumar Jolly,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xu L, Zhang Y, Liu T, Wang L, Zhao Z, Zhang X, Li X, Wu W, Yu S. Melanoma Molecular Subtypes and Development of Prognostic and Immunotherapy-Related Genetic Characteristics by Ferroptosis Gene Analysis. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2992939. [PMID: 35516454 PMCID: PMC9064509 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2992939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The dissimilarity is a major problem in clinical therapy of skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM). Objective and reproducible classification systems may help decode SKCM heterogeneity. ConsensusClusterPlus was used to establish a stable immune molecular classification based on ferroptosis-related genes that had been acquired from FerrDb. Moreover, the prognosis, somatic mutations, immune microenvironment characteristics, functional enrichment, and clinical responsiveness to the immune checkpoint blockade of different subtypes in two independent melanin datasets were compared. Kaplan-Meier curves, univariate, multivariate, least absolute contraction, and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis were used to develop a molecular model for predicting survival, which was verified by a nomogram on the basis of independent prognostic indicators. Two molecular subtypes (C1 and C2) for SKCM were first identified according to ferroptosis-related genes; C1 showed a poor prognosis, with lower infiltration degree of immune cells and TIED score and higher homologous recombination defects, fraction altered, the number of segments, and copy number amplification and deletion. These characteristics of C2 were the opposite of C1. A ferroptosis-related prognosis risk score (FPRS) model was constructed using 6 of 463 genes with differential expression between C1 and C2. This model splits patients into low- and high-risk cohorts. There were significant differences in the infiltration and proportion of immune cells, immune checkpoint gene expression, responsiveness to immune checkpoint therapy, and sensitivity to chemotherapeutic medications between low- and high-risk cohorts. This model was an independent prognostic marker for SKCM and has a high AUC. In summary, we have identified two subtypes of SKCM with different molecular and immune characteristics on the basis of ferroptosis-related genes and further developed and verified an FPRS model, which might independently serve as a prognostic marker for SKCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Libin Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Immunology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Luqiang Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Zhenguo Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xiaoyang Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Wence Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Shengji Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kołat D, Kałuzińska Ż, Bednarek AK, Płuciennik E. Determination of WWOX Function in Modulating Cellular Pathways Activated by AP-2α and AP-2γ Transcription Factors in Bladder Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091382. [PMID: 35563688 PMCID: PMC9106060 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Following the invention of high-throughput sequencing, cancer research focused on investigating disease-related alterations, often inadvertently omitting tumor heterogeneity. This research was intended to limit the impact of heterogeneity on conclusions related to WWOX/AP-2α/AP-2γ in bladder cancer which differently influenced carcinogenesis. The study examined the signaling pathways regulated by WWOX-dependent AP-2 targets in cell lines as biological replicates using high-throughput sequencing. RT-112, HT-1376 and CAL-29 cell lines were subjected to two stable lentiviral transductions. Following CAGE-seq and differential expression analysis, the most important genes were identified and functionally annotated. Western blot was performed to validate the selected observations. The role of genes in biological processes was assessed and networks were visualized. Ultimately, principal component analysis was performed. The studied genes were found to be implicated in MAPK, Wnt, Ras, PI3K-Akt or Rap1 signaling. Data from pathways were collected, explaining the differences/similarities between phenotypes. FGFR3, STAT6, EFNA1, GSK3B, PIK3CB and SOS1 were successfully validated at the protein level. Afterwards, a definitive network was built using 173 genes. Principal component analysis revealed that the various expression of these genes explains the phenotypes. In conclusion, the current study certified that the signaling pathways regulated by WWOX and AP-2α have more in common than that regulated by AP-2γ. This is because WWOX acts as an EMT inhibitor, AP-2γ as an EMT enhancer while AP-2α as a MET inducer. Therefore, the relevance of AP-2γ in targeted therapy is now more evident. Some of the differently regulated genes can find application in bladder cancer treatment.
Collapse
|
9
|
Dai Z, Cai L, Chen Y, Wang S, Zhang Q, Wang C, Tu M, Zhu Z, Li Q, Lu X. Brusatol Inhibits Proliferation and Invasion of Glioblastoma by Down-Regulating the Expression of ECM1. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:775680. [PMID: 34970146 PMCID: PMC8713816 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.775680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brusatol (Bru), a Chinese herbal extract, has a variety of anti-tumor effects. However, little is known regarding its role and underlying mechanism in glioblastoma cells. Here, we found that Bru could inhibit the proliferation of glioblastoma cells in vivo and in vitro. Besides, it also had an inhibitory effect on human primary glioblastoma cells. RNA-seq analysis indicated that Bru possibly achieved these effects through inhibiting the expression of extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1). Down-regulating the expression of ECM1 via transfecting siRNA could weaken the proliferation and invasion of glioblastoma cells and promote the inhibitory effect of Bru treatment. Lentivirus-mediated overexpression of ECM1 could effectively reverse this weakening effect. Our findings indicated that Bru could inhibit the proliferation and invasion of glioblastoma cells by suppressing the expression of ECM1, and Bru might be a novel effective anticancer drug for glioblastoma cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhang'an Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lin Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingyu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Silu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chengde Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ming Tu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhangzhang Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xianghe Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Diener J, Baggiolini A, Pernebrink M, Dalcher D, Lerra L, Cheng PF, Varum S, Häusel J, Stierli S, Treier M, Studer L, Basler K, Levesque MP, Dummer R, Santoro R, Cantù C, Sommer L. Epigenetic control of melanoma cell invasiveness by the stem cell factor SALL4. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5056. [PMID: 34417458 PMCID: PMC8379183 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25326-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma cells rely on developmental programs during tumor initiation and progression. Here we show that the embryonic stem cell (ESC) factor Sall4 is re-expressed in the Tyr::NrasQ61K; Cdkn2a-/- melanoma model and that its expression is necessary for primary melanoma formation. Surprisingly, while Sall4 loss prevents tumor formation, it promotes micrometastases to distant organs in this melanoma-prone mouse model. Transcriptional profiling and in vitro assays using human melanoma cells demonstrate that SALL4 loss induces a phenotype switch and the acquisition of an invasive phenotype. We show that SALL4 negatively regulates invasiveness through interaction with the histone deacetylase (HDAC) 2 and direct co-binding to a set of invasiveness genes. Consequently, SALL4 knock down, as well as HDAC inhibition, promote the expression of an invasive signature, while inhibition of histone acetylation partially reverts the invasiveness program induced by SALL4 loss. Thus, SALL4 appears to regulate phenotype switching in melanoma through an HDAC2-mediated mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Diener
- University of Zürich, Institute of Anatomy, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Arianna Baggiolini
- University of Zürich, Institute of Anatomy, Zürich, Switzerland
- Developmental Biology, The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mattias Pernebrink
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Damian Dalcher
- University of Zürich, Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Luigi Lerra
- University of Zürich, Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Phil F Cheng
- University Hospital of Zürich, Department of Dermatology, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Varum
- University of Zürich, Institute of Anatomy, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jessica Häusel
- University of Zürich, Institute of Anatomy, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Salome Stierli
- University of Zürich, Institute of Anatomy, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Mathias Treier
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lorenz Studer
- Developmental Biology, The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Konrad Basler
- University of Zürich, Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Mitchell P Levesque
- University Hospital of Zürich, Department of Dermatology, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Reinhard Dummer
- University Hospital of Zürich, Department of Dermatology, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Raffaella Santoro
- University of Zürich, Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Claudio Cantù
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- University of Zürich, Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Sommer
- University of Zürich, Institute of Anatomy, Zürich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sarin KY, Lin Y, Daneshjou R, Ziyatdinov A, Thorleifsson G, Rubin A, Pardo LM, Wu W, Khavari PA, Uitterlinden A, Nijsten T, Toland AE, Olafsson JH, Sigurgeirsson B, Thorisdottir K, Jorgensen E, Whittemore AS, Kraft P, Stacey SN, Stefansson K, Asgari MM, Han J. Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies eight new susceptibility loci for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Nat Commun 2020; 11:820. [PMID: 32041948 PMCID: PMC7010741 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14594-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is one of the most common cancers in the United States. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with cutaneous SCC. Here, we report the largest cutaneous SCC meta-analysis to date, representing six international cohorts and totaling 19,149 SCC cases and 680,049 controls. We discover eight novel loci associated with SCC, confirm all previously associated loci, and perform fine mapping of causal variants. The novel SNPs occur within skin-specific regulatory elements and implicate loci involved in cancer development, immune regulation, and keratinocyte differentiation in SCC susceptibility. The authors perform a meta-analysis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, identifying causal variants within skin-specific regulatory elements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Y Sarin
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 450 Broadway St, C-229, Redwood City, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Melvin & Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, 1050 Wishard Blvd, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Roxana Daneshjou
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 450 Broadway St, C-229, Redwood City, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Andrey Ziyatdinov
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | - Adam Rubin
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 450 Broadway St, C-229, Redwood City, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Luba M Pardo
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015, GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wenting Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Melvin & Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, 1050 Wishard Blvd, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Paul A Khavari
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 450 Broadway St, C-229, Redwood City, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Andre Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015, GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tamar Nijsten
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015, GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Amanda E Toland
- Departments of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Human Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, 460W. 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43420, USA
| | - Jon H Olafsson
- Landspitali-University Hospital, Skaftahild 24, 105, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Vatnsmyrarvegur 16, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Bardur Sigurgeirsson
- Landspitali-University Hospital, Skaftahild 24, 105, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Vatnsmyrarvegur 16, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Kristin Thorisdottir
- Landspitali-University Hospital, Skaftahild 24, 105, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Vatnsmyrarvegur 16, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Eric Jorgensen
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Alice S Whittemore
- Departments of Epidemiology and Population Health and of Biomedical Data Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine Redwood Bldg, T204, Stanford, 94305, CA, USA
| | - Peter Kraft
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Simon N Stacey
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Sturlugata 8, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Sturlugata 8, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Vatnsmyrarvegur 16, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Maryam M Asgari
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 50 Staniford Street, Suite 270, 02114, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jiali Han
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Melvin & Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, 1050 Wishard Blvd, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Do H, Kim D, Kang J, Son B, Seo D, Youn H, Youn B, Kim W. TFAP2C increases cell proliferation by downregulating GADD45B and PMAIP1 in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Biol Res 2019; 52:35. [PMID: 31296259 PMCID: PMC6625030 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-019-0244-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the leading causes of death in the world. NSCLC diagnosed at an early stage can be highly curable with a positive prognosis, but biomarker limitations make it difficult to diagnose lung cancer at an early stage. To identify biomarkers for lung cancer development, we previously focused on the oncogenic roles of transcription factor TFAP2C in lung cancers and revealed the molecular mechanism of several oncogenes in lung tumorigenesis based on TFAP2C-related microarray analysis. Results In this study, we analyzed microarray data to identify tumor suppressor genes and nine genes downregulated by TFAP2C were screened. Among the nine genes, we focused on growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible beta (GADD45B) and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1 (PMAIP1) as representative TFAP2C-regulated tumor suppressor genes. It was observed that overexpressed TFAP2C resulted in inhibition of GADD45B and PMAIP1 expressions at both the mRNA and protein levels in NSCLC cells. In addition, downregulation of GADD45B and PMAIP1 by TFAP2C promoted cell proliferation and cell motility, which are closely associated with NSCLC tumorigenesis. Conclusion This study indicates that GADD45B and PMAIP1 could be promising tumor suppressors for NSCLC and might be useful as prognostic markers for use in NSCLC therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40659-019-0244-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyunhee Do
- Department of Science Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, 28173, Republic of Korea
| | - Dain Kim
- Department of Science Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, 28173, Republic of Korea
| | - JiHoon Kang
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Beomseok Son
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Danbi Seo
- Department of Science Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, 28173, Republic of Korea
| | - HyeSook Youn
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - BuHyun Youn
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Wanyeon Kim
- Department of Science Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, 28173, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Biology Education, Korea National University of Education, 250 Taeseongtabyeon-ro, Gangnae-myeon, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, 28173, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kołat D, Kałuzińska Ż, Bednarek AK, Płuciennik E. The biological characteristics of transcription factors AP-2α and AP-2γ and their importance in various types of cancers. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20181928. [PMID: 30824562 PMCID: PMC6418405 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Activator Protein 2 (AP-2) transcription factor (TF) family is vital for the regulation of gene expression during early development as well as carcinogenesis process. The review focusses on the AP-2α and AP-2γ proteins and their dualistic regulation of gene expression in the process of carcinogenesis. Both AP-2α and AP-2γ influence a wide range of physiological or pathological processes by regulating different pathways and interacting with diverse molecules, i.e. other proteins, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) or miRNAs. This review summarizes the newest information about the biology of two, AP-2α and AP-2γ, TFs in the carcinogenesis process. We emphasize that these two proteins could have either oncogenic or suppressive characteristics depending on the type of cancer tissue or their interaction with specific molecules. They have also been found to contribute to resistance and sensitivity to chemotherapy in oncological patients. A better understanding of molecular network of AP-2 factors and other molecules may clarify the atypical molecular mechanisms occurring during carcinogenesis, and may assist in the recognition of new diagnostic biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damian Kołat
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Postgraduate Education, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Żaneta Kałuzińska
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Postgraduate Education, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Andrzej K Bednarek
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Płuciennik
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wu Q, Chen D, Luo Q, Yang Q, Zhao C, Zhang D, Zeng Y, Huang L, Zhang Z, Qi Z. Extracellular matrix protein 1 recruits moesin to facilitate invadopodia formation and breast cancer metastasis. Cancer Lett 2018; 437:44-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
15
|
Extracellular matrix 1 (ECM1) regulates the actin cytoskeletal architecture of aggressive breast cancer cells in part via S100A4 and Rho-family GTPases. Clin Exp Metastasis 2016; 34:37-49. [PMID: 27770373 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-016-9827-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
ECM1 overexpression is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in primary breast carcinomas, however the mechanisms by which ECM1 affects tumor progression have not been completely elucidated. ECM1 was silenced in the triple-negative breast cancer cell lines Hs578T and MDAMB231 using siRNA and the cells were evaluated for changes in morphology, migration, invasion and adhesion. Actin cytoskeleton alterations were evaluated by fluorescent staining and levels of activated Rho GTPases by pull down assays. ECM1 downregulation led to significantly diminished cell migration (p = 0.0005 for Hs578T and p = 0.02 for MDAMB231) and cell adhesion (p < 0.001 for Hs578T and p = 0.01 for MDAMB231). Cell invasion (matrigel) was reduced only in the Hs578T cells (p < 0.01). Silencing decreased the expression of the prometastatic molecules S100A4 and TGFβR2 in both cell lines and CD44 in Hs578T cells. ECM1-silenced cells also exhibited alterations in cell shape and showed bundles of F-actin across the cell (stress fibers) whereas NT-siRNA treated cells showed peripheral membrane ruffling. Downregulation of ECM1 was also associated with an increased F/G actin ratio, when compared to the cells transfected with NT siRNA (p < 0.001 for Hs578T and p < 0.00035 for MDAMB231) and a concomitant decline of activated Rho A in the Hs578T cells. Re-expression of S100A4 in ECM1-silenced cells rescued the phenotype in the Hs578T cells but not the MDAMB231 cells. We conclude that ECM1 is a key player in the metastatic process and regulates the actin cytoskeletal architecture of aggressive breast cancer cells at least in part via alterations in S100A4 and Rho A.
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen H, Jia W, Li J. ECM1 promotes migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. World J Surg Oncol 2016; 14:195. [PMID: 27460906 PMCID: PMC4962417 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-016-0952-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1) is a glycoprotein involved in many biologic processes. To determine the expression of ECM1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to study the role of ECM1 in inducing epithelia-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to analyze the effect of ECM1 on the migration and invasion of HCC cells. Methods The expression of ECM1 in HCC specimens was examined by immunohistochemistry staining, and the correlations were analyzed between the expression of ECM1 and the clinicopathological data. The ECM1 expression plasmid was transfected into Bel-7402 cells to induce exogenous overexpression of ECM1 protein. The changes of the expression of ECM1, EMT-related protein (E-cadherin, Vimentin), in Bel-7402 cells were detected by Western blot after transfection of ECM1; the wound healing and invasion assay in vitro were used to determine the role of ECM1 gene transfection on the ability of migration and invasive potential of Bel-7402 cells. Results Immumohistochemistry staining method displayed the ECM1 expression was positively associated with vascular invasion, TNM stage, and poor prognosis. A significant positive correlation was found between the expressions of ECM1 and Vimentin. After ECM1 overexpression, Western blot exhibited that the expression of E-cadherin was down-regulated and Vimentin expression was up-regulated in Bel-7402 cells; the wound healing and invasion assay showed that the migration and invasion potentials of Bel-7402 cells were significantly enhanced. Conclusions ECM1, which displayed a high expression in HCC specimens, was closely associated with clinicopathologic data and may promote migration and invasion of HCC cells by inducing EMT. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12957-016-0952-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Jia
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiansheng Li
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ye H, Yu X, Xia J, Tang X, Tang L, Chen F. MiR-486-3p targeting ECM1 represses cell proliferation and metastasis in cervical cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 80:109-114. [PMID: 27133046 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression and are involved in cervical cancer. But the molecular mechanism is still unclear. Here, miRNA profile of cervical cancer was performed and demonstrated that miR-486-3p decreased in specimens of cervical cancer patients. In addition, our clinical data show that decreased miR-486-3p was associated with metastasis in cervical cancer patients. ECM1 was predicted and velified as a target gene of miR-486-3p. Overexpression of miR-486-3p inhibited cell growth and metastasis by targeting ECM1. In a conclusion, these findings suggest that miR-486-3p is a tumor suppressor miRNA and induction of miR-486-3p is a potential strategy to inhibit cervical cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiqiong Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of SouthWest Medical University, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaolan Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated TCM Hospital of SouthWest Medical University, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiyi Xia
- The Institute of Cancer Research, SouthWest Medical University, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoping Tang
- Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of SouthWest Medical University, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Tang
- Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of SouthWest Medical University, Sichuan, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of SouthWest Medical University, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Khushi M, Clarke CL, Graham JD. Bioinformatic analysis of cis-regulatory interactions between progesterone and estrogen receptors in breast cancer. PeerJ 2014; 2:e654. [PMID: 25426335 PMCID: PMC4243336 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatin factors interact with each other in a cell and sequence-specific manner in order to regulate transcription and a wealth of publically available datasets exists describing the genomic locations of these interactions. Our recently published BiSA (Binding Sites Analyser) database contains transcription factor binding locations and epigenetic modifications collected from published studies and provides tools to analyse stored and imported data. Using BiSA we investigated the overlapping cis-regulatory role of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and progesterone receptor (PR) in the T-47D breast cancer cell line. We found that ERα binding sites overlap with a subset of PR binding sites. To investigate further, we re-analysed raw data to remove any biases introduced by the use of distinct tools in the original publications. We identified 22,152 PR and 18,560 ERα binding sites (<5% false discovery rate) with 4,358 overlapping regions among the two datasets. BiSA statistical analysis revealed a non-significant overall overlap correlation between the two factors, suggesting that ERα and PR are not partner factors and do not require each other for binding to occur. However, Monte Carlo simulation by Binary Interval Search (BITS), Relevant Distance, Absolute Distance, Jaccard and Projection tests by Genometricorr revealed a statistically significant spatial correlation of binding regions on chromosome between the two factors. Motif analysis revealed that the shared binding regions were enriched with binding motifs for ERα, PR and a number of other transcription and pioneer factors. Some of these factors are known to co-locate with ERα and PR binding. Therefore spatially close proximity of ERα binding sites with PR binding sites suggests that ERα and PR, in general function independently at the molecular level, but that their activities converge on a specific subset of transcriptional targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matloob Khushi
- Centre for Cancer Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney Medical School-Westmead, University of Sydney , Australia
| | - Christine L Clarke
- Centre for Cancer Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney Medical School-Westmead, University of Sydney , Australia
| | - J Dinny Graham
- Centre for Cancer Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney Medical School-Westmead, University of Sydney , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Naspi A, Panasiti V, Abbate F, Roberti V, Devirgiliis V, Curzio M, Borghi M, Lozupone F, Carotti S, Morini S, Gaudio E, Calvieri S, Londei P. Insulin-like-growth-factor-binding-protein-3 (IGFBP-3) contrasts melanoma progression in vitro and in vivo. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98641. [PMID: 24905466 PMCID: PMC4048209 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like-factor-binding-protein 3 (IGFBP-3) is known to modulate the activity of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) besides having a number of IGF-independent effects on cell growth and survival. IGFBP-3 has been reported to decrease significantly in the blood serum of patients affected by certain cancers. In the present work, we have evaluated the levels of IGFBP-3 in the blood serum and tissues of patients affected by cutaneous melanoma, showing that loss of IGFBP-3 from both is strongly correlated with disease progression and reduced survival. In vitro treatment with IGFBP-3 of human and murine metastatic melanoma cell lines specifically inhibited the cells' migratory and invasive behaviour, inducing up-regulation of melanocytic differentiation markers such as tyrosinase activity and melanin content. A molecular analysis of the cellular pathways transducing the effect of IGFBP-3 implicated the Akt-GSK3β axis. Moreover, administration of IGFBP-3 in vivo to SCID mice inoculated with human metastatic melanoma cells strongly reduced or completely inhibited tumor growth. In summary, IGFBP-3 appears to exert a specific inhibitory effect on melanoma growth and dissemination, suggesting that it may qualify as a useful therapeutic agent in melanomas and perhaps other cancers, at the least as a valid adjuvant therapy during treatment with conventional anti-tumoral drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antimo Naspi
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Dpt. Biotecnologie Cellulari ed Ematologia, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Vincenzo Panasiti
- Plastic Surgery Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Abbate
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Dpt. Biotecnologie Cellulari ed Ematologia, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Roberti
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Michela Curzio
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Borghi
- Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicine Evaluation, Unit of Antitumor Drugs, Istituto Superiore di Sanita', Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Lozupone
- Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicine Evaluation, Unit of Antitumor Drugs, Istituto Superiore di Sanita', Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Carotti
- Department of Human Anatomy (CIR), University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Morini
- Department of Human Anatomy (CIR), University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Department of Human Anatomy, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Calvieri
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Londei
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Dpt. Biotecnologie Cellulari ed Ematologia, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|