1
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Bak I, Choi M, Yu E, Yoo KW, Jeong SY, Lee J, Jo M, Moon KS, Yu DY. The Effects of Busulfan on Xenogeneic Transplantation of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Recipient Mice. Transplant Proc 2024; 56:440-447. [PMID: 38368129 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2023.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Humanized mouse models with engraftment of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) or hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are effective tools for the study of human immunity. Busulfan has been used as a substitute for irradiation in human hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation models, but it has not been tested in human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) transplantation models. METHODS This study evaluated PBMC engraftment using cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in female NOD.CB17/Prkdcscid/JKrb/ IL2 receptor γ-/- (NIG) mice treated with busulfan. RESULTS In this model, the percentage of human CD3+ T cell engraftment in the blood was 28.2%, with dominant infiltration of CD8+ cells in the spleen 3 weeks post PBMC transplantation. Production of human cytokines, including Interleukin (IL)-12p70, IL-4, IL-5, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-8, IL-22, Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha, and IL-10, was determined in mice treated with busulfan. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that busulfan treatment is a beneficial alternative for simple and efficient PBMC engraftment in a rodent model, possibly helping to evaluate human immunity in preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inseon Bak
- GHBIO Inc. (Genes & Health Biotechnology), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Immunology and Immunopharmacology Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeongjin Choi
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhye Yu
- GHBIO Inc. (Genes & Health Biotechnology), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Won Yoo
- GHBIO Inc. (Genes & Health Biotechnology), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Yule Jeong
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungyun Lee
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseong Jo
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Sik Moon
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dae-Yeul Yu
- GHBIO Inc. (Genes & Health Biotechnology), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Smutova V, Pará C, Foret MK, Bennamoune N, Hung S, Spickler C, Riffon R, Rowe J, Festin S, Authier S. Non-Clinical Cell Therapy Development Using the NCG Mouse Model as a Test System. Int J Toxicol 2023; 42:232-253. [PMID: 36630195 DOI: 10.1177/10915818221150790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The NCG triple immunodeficient mice on a NOD/Nju background lack functional/mature T, B, and NK cells, and have reduced macrophage and dendritic cell function. This study characterized the NCG mouse model for toxicity, engraftment and tumorigenicity assessments of cell therapies, using CD34+ hHSPC adult mobilized cells with two myeloablation regimens.Mice received sub-lethal irradiation or busulfan and were then injected intravenously with CD34+ hHSPCs (1.0 x 106 cells/mouse) or PBS (control), while positive control animals received 2 x 106 HL-60 cells/mouse. hCD34+ cell donors were treated with the mobilizing agent G-CSF prior to leukapheresis. Following injections, mouse blood samples were collected to assess engraftment rates by flow cytometry with body weights recorded periodically up to 20 weeks post-cell injection. No significant clinical signs or body weight changes were observed. At week 10 post-cell injection, the peripheral blood chimerism of hCD45+ cells was above 20%. While mCD45+ concentration was constant between week 10 and 17 in whole blood samples, hCD45+ concentration and chimerism slightly decreased at week 17. However, chimerism remained above 10%, with busulfan-treated mice presenting higher values. Chimerism was further assessed by quantifying human Alu sequences in blood and multiple organs using qPCR. Alu sequences were most abundant in the spleen and bone marrow, while lowest in the testes. In the positive control group, expected mortalities due to tumorigenesis were observed between days 27 and 40 post-cell injection. Overall, study results may be used to inform study design and potential toxicological endpoints relevant to non-clinical cell therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Camila Pará
- Charles River Laboratories, Laval, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Selly Hung
- Charles River Laboratories, Laval, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Jenny Rowe
- Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA, USA
| | | | - Simon Authier
- Charles River Laboratories, Laval, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Laval, QC, Canada
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3
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Ballesteros C, Wong K, Abrahim MA, Li C, Authier S. Model Characterization: Total Body Irradiation or Busulfan for Conditioning in Human Cell Therapy Toxicology and Tumorigenicity Studies using NOD/SCID/IL2Rγnull (NSG) Mice. Int J Toxicol 2022; 42:219-231. [PMID: 36565254 DOI: 10.1177/10915818221148130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The NOD/SCID/IL2Rγnull (NSG) mouse is a relevant model for toxicology and tumorigenicity studies evaluating human cell therapies. Data was compiled from toxicology study control NSG mice exposed to gamma irradiation (0 or 200 cGy) or busulfan. Retrospective data evaluation included mortality, clinical observations, body weights, hematology, and external and internal macroscopic observations. There was no mortality in any of the 129 toxicology control (irradiated and non-irradiated) mice up to the 20-week observation period. Mortalities occurred between Days 1 and 25 among animals given busulfan ≥25 mg/kg/day at 1 or 2 doses via intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. There were 4/10, 6/10 and 4/10 deaths at 25, 30 and 35 mg/kg/day busulfan, respectively. Busulfan-treated mice presented with dose-dependent clinical signs including signs of anemia in some individuals. Hematology, including white blood cell (WBC) and neutrophil (NEUT) counts, from irradiated mice at Weeks 12 and 20 revealed comparable values to non-irradiated animals. In contrast, irradiated mice treated with a positive control (HL-60) were euthanized prior to Week 12. There were no irradiation-related differences in macroscopic observations with lymphoid atrophy identified comparably in irradiated and non-irradiated groups. These results suggest that irradiation was suitable for conditioning to enable cell engraftment in NSG mice in the context of regulatory toxicology and tumorigenicity studies. Busulfan administered at 20 mg/kg/day for 2 days, i.p. was also well-tolerated, and it could be considered for toxicology studies of genetically modified human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen Wong
- Charles River Laboratories, Laval, QC, Canada
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4
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Ramdas B, Yuen LD, Palam LR, Patel R, Pasupuleti SK, Jideonwo V, Zhang J, Maguire C, Wong E, Kanumuri R, Zhang C, Sandusky G, Chan RJ, Zhang C, Stieglitz E, Haneline L, Kapur R. Inhibition of BTK and PI3Kδ impairs the development of human JMML stem and progenitor cells. Mol Ther 2022; 30:2505-2521. [PMID: 35443935 PMCID: PMC9263321 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) is an aggressive myeloproliferative neoplasia that lacks effective targeted chemotherapies. Clinically, JMML manifests as monocytic leukocytosis, splenomegaly with consequential thrombocytopenia. Most commonly, patients have gain-of-function (GOF) oncogenic mutations in PTPN11 (SHP2), leading to Erk and Akt hyperactivation. Mechanism(s) involved in co-regulation of Erk and Akt in the context of GOF SHP2 are poorly understood. Here, we show that Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is hyperphosphorylated in GOF Shp2-bearing cells and utilizes B cell adaptor for PI3K to cooperate with p110δ, the catalytic subunit of PI3K. Dual inhibition of BTK and p110δ reduces the activation of both Erk and Akt. In vivo, individual targeting of BTK or p110δ in a mouse model of human JMML equally reduces monocytosis and splenomegaly; however, the combined treatment results in a more robust inhibition and uniquely rescues anemia and thrombocytopenia. RNA-seq analysis of drug-treated mice showed a profound reduction in the expression of genes associated with leukemic cell migration and inflammation, leading to correction in the infiltration of leukemic cells in the lung, liver, and spleen. Remarkably, in a patient derived xenograft model of JMML, leukemia-initiating stem and progenitor cells were potently inhibited in response to the dual drug treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baskar Ramdas
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Lisa Deng Yuen
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lakshmi Reddy Palam
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Roshini Patel
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Santhosh Kumar Pasupuleti
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Victoria Jideonwo
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Callista Maguire
- Department of Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Eric Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Benioff Children's Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rahul Kanumuri
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Chujing Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Benioff Children's Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - George Sandusky
- Department of Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Rebecca J Chan
- Senior Director, Oncology, U.S. Medical Affairs, Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, CA, USA
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Elliot Stieglitz
- Department of Pediatrics, Benioff Children's Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Laura Haneline
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Reuben Kapur
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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5
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Improved engraftment and therapeutic efficacy by human genome-edited hematopoietic stem cells with Busulfan-based myeloablation. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2022; 25:392-409. [PMID: 35573043 PMCID: PMC9065050 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using genome-edited cells can become a definitive therapy for hematological and non-hematological disorders with neurological involvement. Proof-of-concept studies using human genome-edited hematopoietic stem cells have been hindered by the low efficiency of engraftment of the edited cells in the bone marrow and their modest efficacy in the CNS. To address these challenges, we tested a myeloablative conditioning regimen based on Busulfan in an immunocompromised model of mucopolysaccharidosis type 1. Compared with sub-lethal irradiation, Busulfan conditioning enhanced the engraftment of edited CD34+ cells in the bone marrow, as well the long-term homing and survival of bone-marrow-derived cells in viscera, and in the CNS, resulting in higher transgene expression and biochemical correction in these organs. Edited cell selection using a clinically compatible marker resulted in a population with low engraftment potential. We conclude that conditioning can impact the engraftment of edited hematopoietic stem cells. Furthermore, Busulfan-conditioned recipients have a higher expression of therapeutic proteins in target organs, particularly in the CNS, constituting a better conditioning approach for non-hematological diseases with neurological involvement.
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6
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Garcia-Perez L, van Roon L, Schilham MW, Lankester AC, Pike-Overzet K, Staal FJT. Combining Mobilizing Agents with Busulfan to Reduce Chemotherapy-Based Conditioning for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051077. [PMID: 33946560 PMCID: PMC8147230 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the context of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation, conditioning with myelo- and immune-ablative agents is used to eradicate the patient’s diseased cells, generate space in the marrow and suppress immune reactions prior to the infusion of donor HSCs. While conditioning is required for effective and long-lasting HSC engraftment, currently used regimens are also associated with short and long-term side effects on extramedullary tissues and even mortality. Particularly in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), who are generally less than 1-year old at the time of transplantation and often suffer from existing comorbidities. There is a pressing need for development of alternative, less toxic conditioning regimens. Hence, we here aimed to improve efficacy of currently used myeloablative protocols by combining busulfan with stem-cell niche-directed therapeutic agents (G-CSF or plerixafor) that are approved for clinical use in stem cell mobilization. T, B and myeloid cell recovery was analyzed in humanized NSG mice after different conditioning regimens. Increasing levels of human leukocyte chimerism were observed in a busulfan dose-dependent manner, showing comparable immune recovery as with total body irradiation in CD34-transplanted NSG mice. Notably, a better T cell reconstitution compared to TBI was observed after busulfan conditioning not only in NSG mice but also in SCID mouse models. Direct effects of reducing the stem cell compartment in the bone marrow were observed after G-CSF and plerixafor administration, as well as in combination with low doses of busulfan. Unfortunately, these direct effects on the stem population in the bone marrow were not reflected in increased human chimerism or immune recovery after CD34 transplantation in NSG mice. These results indicate moderate potential of reduced conditioning regimens for clinical use relevant for all allogeneic transplants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Garcia-Perez
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (L.G.-P.); (L.v.R.); (K.P.-O.)
| | - Lieke van Roon
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (L.G.-P.); (L.v.R.); (K.P.-O.)
| | - Marco W. Schilham
- Department of Pediatrics, Willem-Alexander Children’s Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (M.W.S.); (A.C.L.)
| | - Arjan C. Lankester
- Department of Pediatrics, Willem-Alexander Children’s Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (M.W.S.); (A.C.L.)
| | - Karin Pike-Overzet
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (L.G.-P.); (L.v.R.); (K.P.-O.)
| | - Frank J. T. Staal
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (L.G.-P.); (L.v.R.); (K.P.-O.)
- Correspondence:
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7
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McQuattie-Pimentel AC, Ren Z, Joshi N, Watanabe S, Stoeger T, Chi M, Lu Z, Sichizya L, Aillon RP, Chen CI, Soberanes S, Chen Z, Reyfman PA, Walter JM, Anekalla KR, Davis JM, Helmin KA, Runyan CE, Abdala-Valencia H, Nam K, Meliton AY, Winter DR, Morimoto RI, Mutlu GM, Bharat A, Perlman H, Gottardi CJ, Ridge KM, Chandel NS, Sznajder JI, Balch WE, Singer BD, Misharin AV, Budinger GS. The lung microenvironment shapes a dysfunctional response of alveolar macrophages in aging. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:140299. [PMID: 33586677 PMCID: PMC7919859 DOI: 10.1172/jci140299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages orchestrate the response to viral infections. Age-related changes in these cells may underlie the differential severity of pneumonia in older patients. We performed an integrated analysis of single-cell RNA-Seq data that revealed homogenous age-related changes in the alveolar macrophage transcriptome in humans and mice. Using genetic lineage tracing with sequential injury, heterochronic adoptive transfer, and parabiosis, we found that the lung microenvironment drove an age-related resistance of alveolar macrophages to proliferation that persisted during influenza A viral infection. Ligand-receptor pair analysis localized these changes to the extracellular matrix, where hyaluronan was increased in aged animals and altered the proliferative response of bone marrow-derived macrophages to granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Our findings suggest that strategies targeting the aging lung microenvironment will be necessary to restore alveolar macrophage function in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ziyou Ren
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Nikita Joshi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Satoshi Watanabe
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Thomas Stoeger
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Monica Chi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ziyan Lu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lango Sichizya
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Raul Piseaux Aillon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ching-I Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Saul Soberanes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Zhangying Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Paul A. Reyfman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - James M. Walter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kishore R. Anekalla
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jennifer M. Davis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kathryn A. Helmin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Constance E. Runyan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Hiam Abdala-Valencia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kiwon Nam
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Angelo Y. Meliton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Chicago Hospitals, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Deborah R. Winter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Richard I. Morimoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Gökhan M. Mutlu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Chicago Hospitals, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ankit Bharat
- Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Harris Perlman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Cara J. Gottardi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Karen M. Ridge
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Navdeep S. Chandel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jacob I. Sznajder
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - William E. Balch
- The Scripps Research Institute Department of Chemical Physiology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Benjamin D. Singer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Alexander V. Misharin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - G.R. Scott Budinger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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8
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Vlaski-Lafarge M, Labat V, Brandy A, Refeyton A, Duchez P, Rodriguez L, Gibson N, Brunet de la Grange P, Ivanovic Z. Normal Hematopoetic Stem and Progenitor Cells Can Exhibit Metabolic Flexibility Similar to Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 10:713. [PMID: 32528878 PMCID: PMC7247845 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
It is known that cancer stem cells (CSCs) with the largest proliferative capacity survive the anoxic and/or ischemic conditions present inside tumorous tissue. In this study we test whether normal stem cells can survive under the same conditions due to cancer cell-like metabolic adaptations. We cultivated a CD34+ population with a majority of hematopoietic progenitors, and a CD34+CD38lowCD133+CD90+CD45RA− population, highly enriched in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), under anoxic, anoxic/aglycemic (“ischemia-like”), or physiological conditions (3% O2). Results showed, despite a reduction in total cell fold expansion proportionate to the decrease in O2 concentration; CD34+ cells, aldehyde dehydrogenase-expressing primitive cells, and committed progenitors expanded, even in anoxia. Interestingly, under ischemia-like conditions, stem and CD34+ cell populations are maintained at day-0 level. Cell-cycle analysis further revealed an accumulation of cells in the G0/G1 phase in anoxia or anoxia/aglycemia, with a fraction of cells (~40%) actively cycling (SG2M phases). Also stem cell analysis showed that in these conditions a long-term Scid Repopulating activity was equal to that found with 3% O2. In addition stem cells with the highest proliferative capacity were maintained in anoxia/aglycemia and in anoxia. The estimated ATP profile, active mitochondrial content, and succinate accumulation are indicative of anaerobic mitochondrial respiration in both HSCs and CD34+ progenitors under ischemia-like conditions. We demonstrate here that primitive hematopoietic cells show similar metabolic flexibility to CSCs, allowing them to survive a lack of O2 and O2/glucose. Our study reveals that this feature is not the consequence of malignant transformation, but an attribute of stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Vlaski-Lafarge
- R&D Department, Etablissement Français du Sang Nouvelle Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France.,Inserm/U1035, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Veronique Labat
- R&D Department, Etablissement Français du Sang Nouvelle Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France.,Inserm/U1035, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Alexandra Brandy
- R&D Department, Etablissement Français du Sang Nouvelle Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France.,Inserm/U1035, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Alice Refeyton
- R&D Department, Etablissement Français du Sang Nouvelle Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France.,Inserm/U1035, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pascale Duchez
- R&D Department, Etablissement Français du Sang Nouvelle Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France.,Inserm/U1035, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Laura Rodriguez
- R&D Department, Etablissement Français du Sang Nouvelle Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France.,Inserm/U1035, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nyere Gibson
- R&D Department, Etablissement Français du Sang Nouvelle Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France
| | - Philippe Brunet de la Grange
- R&D Department, Etablissement Français du Sang Nouvelle Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France.,Inserm/U1035, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Zoran Ivanovic
- R&D Department, Etablissement Français du Sang Nouvelle Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France.,Inserm/U1035, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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9
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Lapostolle V, Chevaleyre J, Duchez P, Rodriguez L, Vlaski-Lafarge M, Sandvig I, Brunet de la Grange P, Ivanovic Z. Repopulating hematopoietic stem cells from steady-state blood before and after ex vivo culture are enriched in the CD34 +CD133 +CXCR4 low fraction. Haematologica 2018; 103:1604-1615. [PMID: 29858385 PMCID: PMC6165804 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.183962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The feasibility of ex vivo expansion allows us to consider the steady-state peripheral blood as an alternative source of hematopoietic stem progenitor cells for transplantation when growth factor-induced cell mobilization is contraindicated or inapplicable. Ex vivo expansion dramatically enhances the in vivo reconstituting cell population from steady-state blood. In order to investigate phenotype and the expression of homing molecules, the expression of CD34, CD133, CD90, CD45RA, CD26 and CD9 was determined on sorted CD34+ cells according to CXCR4 (“neg”, “low” “bright”) and CD133 expression before and after ex vivo expansion. Hematopoietic stem cell activity was determined in vivo on the basis of hematopoietic repopulation of primary and secondary recipients - NSG immuno-deficient mice. In vivo reconstituting cells in the steady-state blood CD34+ cell fraction before expansion belong to the CD133+ population and are CXCR4low or, to a lesser extent, CXCR4neg, while after ex vivo expansion they are contained only in the CD133+CXCR4low cells. The failure of the CXCR4bright population to engraft is probably due to the exclusive expression of CD26 by these cells. The limiting-dilution analysis showed that both repopulating cell number and individual proliferative capacity were enhanced by ex vivo expansion. Thus, steady-state peripheral blood cells exhibit a different phenotype compared to mobilized and cord blood cells, as well as to those issued from the bone marrow. These data represent the first phenotypic characterization of steady-state blood cells exhibiting short- and long-term hematopoietic reconstituting potential, which can be expanded ex vivo, a sine qua non for their subsequent use for transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Lapostolle
- Etablissement Français du Sang Nouvelle Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France.,U1035 INSERM/Bordeaux University, France
| | - Jean Chevaleyre
- Etablissement Français du Sang Nouvelle Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France.,U1035 INSERM/Bordeaux University, France
| | - Pascale Duchez
- Etablissement Français du Sang Nouvelle Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France.,U1035 INSERM/Bordeaux University, France
| | - Laura Rodriguez
- Etablissement Français du Sang Nouvelle Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France.,U1035 INSERM/Bordeaux University, France
| | - Marija Vlaski-Lafarge
- Etablissement Français du Sang Nouvelle Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France.,U1035 INSERM/Bordeaux University, France
| | - Ioanna Sandvig
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Zoran Ivanovic
- Etablissement Français du Sang Nouvelle Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France .,U1035 INSERM/Bordeaux University, France
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10
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Recombinant TAT-BMI-1 fusion protein induces ex vivo expansion of human umbilical cord blood-derived hematopoietic stem cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:43782-43798. [PMID: 28187462 PMCID: PMC5546440 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is a well-established therapeutic approach for numerous disorders. HSCs are typically derived from bone marrow or peripheral blood after cytokine-induced mobilization. Umbilical cord blood (CB) represents an appealing alternative HSC source, but the small amounts of the individual CB units have limited its applications. The availability of strategies for safe ex vivo expansion of CB-derived HSCs (CB-HSCs) may allow to extend the use of these cells in adult patients and to avoid the risk of insufficient engraftment or delayed hematopoietic recovery. Here we describe a system for the ex vivo expansion of CB-HSCs based on their transient exposure to a recombinant TAT-BMI-1 chimeric protein. BMI-1 belongs to the Polycomb family of epigenetic modifiers and is recognized as a central regulator of HSC self-renewal. Recombinant TAT-BMI-1 produced in bacteria was able to enter the target cells via the HIV TAT-derived protein transduction peptide covalently attached to BMI-1, and conserved its biological activity. Treatment of CB-CD34+ cells for 3 days with repeated addition of 10 nM purified TAT-BMI-1 significantly enhanced total cell expansion as well as that of primitive hematopoietic progenitors in culture. Importantly, TAT-BMI-1-treated CB-CD34+ cells displayed a consistently higher rate of multi-lineage long-term repopulating activity in primary and secondary xenotransplants in immunocompromised mice. Thus, recombinant TAT-BMI-1 may represent a novel, effective reagent for ex vivo expansion of CB-HSC for therapeutic purposes.
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11
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HSC extrinsic sex-related and intrinsic autoimmune disease-related human B-cell variation is recapitulated in humanized mice. Blood Adv 2017; 1:2007-2018. [PMID: 29296847 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2017006932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
B cells play a major role in antigen presentation and antibody production in the development of autoimmune diseases, and some of these diseases disproportionally occur in females. Moreover, immune responses tend to be stronger in female vs male humans and mice. Because it is challenging to distinguish intrinsic from extrinsic influences on human immune responses, we used a personalized immune (PI) humanized mouse model, in which immune systems were generated de novo from adult human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in immunodeficient mice. We assessed the effect of recipient sex and of donor autoimmune diseases (type 1 diabetes [T1D] and rheumatoid arthritis [RA]) on human B-cell development in PI mice. We observed that human B-cell levels were increased in female recipients regardless of the source of human HSCs or the strain of immunodeficient recipient mice. Moreover, mice injected with T1D- or RA-derived HSCs displayed B-cell abnormalities compared with healthy control HSC-derived mice, including altered B-cell levels, increased proportions of mature B cells and reduced CD19 expression. Our study revealed an HSC-extrinsic effect of recipient sex on human B-cell reconstitution. Moreover, the PI humanized mouse model revealed HSC-intrinsic defects in central B-cell tolerance that recapitulated those in patients with autoimmune diseases. These results demonstrate the utility of humanized mouse models as a tool to better understand human immune cell development and regulation.
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12
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Reinisch A, Hernandez DC, Schallmoser K, Majeti R. Generation and use of a humanized bone-marrow-ossicle niche for hematopoietic xenotransplantation into mice. Nat Protoc 2017; 12:2169-2188. [PMID: 28933777 PMCID: PMC5898606 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2017.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Xenotransplantation is frequently used to study normal and malignant hematopoiesis of human cells. However, conventional mouse xenotransplantation models lack essential human-specific bone-marrow (BM)-microenvironment-derived survival, proliferation, and self-renewal signals for engraftment of normal and malignant blood cells. As a consequence, many human leukemias and other hematologic disorders do not robustly engraft in these conventional models. Here, we describe a complete workflow for the generation of humanized ossicles with an accessible BM microenvironment that faithfully recapitulates normal BM niche morphology and function. The ossicles, therefore, allow for accelerated and superior engraftment of primary patient-derived acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and other hematologic malignancies such as myelofibrosis (MF) in mice. The humanized ossicles are formed by in situ differentiation of BM-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Human hematopoietic cells can subsequently be transplanted directly into the ossicle marrow space or by intravenous injection. Using this method, a humanized engraftable BM microenvironment can be formed within 6-10 weeks. Engraftment of human hematopoietic cells can be evaluated by flow cytometry 8-16 weeks after transplantation. This protocol describes a robust and reproducible in vivo methodology for the study of normal and malignant human hematopoiesis in a more physiologic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Reinisch
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Cancer Institute, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - David Cruz Hernandez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Cancer Institute, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Katharina Schallmoser
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ravindra Majeti
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Cancer Institute, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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13
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Misharin AV, Morales-Nebreda L, Reyfman PA, Cuda CM, Walter JM, McQuattie-Pimentel AC, Chen CI, Anekalla KR, Joshi N, Williams KJN, Abdala-Valencia H, Yacoub TJ, Chi M, Chiu S, Gonzalez-Gonzalez FJ, Gates K, Lam AP, Nicholson TT, Homan PJ, Soberanes S, Dominguez S, Morgan VK, Saber R, Shaffer A, Hinchcliff M, Marshall SA, Bharat A, Berdnikovs S, Bhorade SM, Bartom ET, Morimoto RI, Balch WE, Sznajder JI, Chandel NS, Mutlu GM, Jain M, Gottardi CJ, Singer BD, Ridge KM, Bagheri N, Shilatifard A, Budinger GRS, Perlman H. Monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages drive lung fibrosis and persist in the lung over the life span. J Exp Med 2017; 214:2387-2404. [PMID: 28694385 PMCID: PMC5551573 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20162152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 683] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Misharin et al. elucidate the fate and function of monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages during the course of pulmonary fibrosis. These cells persisted throughout the life span, were enriched for the expression of profibrotic genes, and their genetic ablation ameliorated development of pulmonary fibrosis. Little is known about the relative importance of monocyte and tissue-resident macrophages in the development of lung fibrosis. We show that specific genetic deletion of monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages after their recruitment to the lung ameliorated lung fibrosis, whereas tissue-resident alveolar macrophages did not contribute to fibrosis. Using transcriptomic profiling of flow-sorted cells, we found that monocyte to alveolar macrophage differentiation unfolds continuously over the course of fibrosis and its resolution. During the fibrotic phase, monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages differ significantly from tissue-resident alveolar macrophages in their expression of profibrotic genes. A population of monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages persisted in the lung for one year after the resolution of fibrosis, where they became increasingly similar to tissue-resident alveolar macrophages. Human homologues of profibrotic genes expressed by mouse monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages during fibrosis were up-regulated in human alveolar macrophages from fibrotic compared with normal lungs. Our findings suggest that selectively targeting alveolar macrophage differentiation within the lung may ameliorate fibrosis without the adverse consequences associated with global monocyte or tissue-resident alveolar macrophage depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Misharin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Luisa Morales-Nebreda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Paul A Reyfman
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Carla M Cuda
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - James M Walter
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Alexandra C McQuattie-Pimentel
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Ching-I Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Kishore R Anekalla
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Nikita Joshi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Kinola J N Williams
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Hiam Abdala-Valencia
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Tyrone J Yacoub
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
| | - Monica Chi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Stephen Chiu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.,Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Francisco J Gonzalez-Gonzalez
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Khalilah Gates
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Anna P Lam
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Trevor T Nicholson
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Philip J Homan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Saul Soberanes
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Salina Dominguez
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Vince K Morgan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Rana Saber
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Alexander Shaffer
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Monique Hinchcliff
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Stacy A Marshall
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Ankit Bharat
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.,Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Sergejs Berdnikovs
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Sangeeta M Bhorade
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Elizabeth T Bartom
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Richard I Morimoto
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Rice Institute for Biomedical Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
| | - William E Balch
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institutes, La Jolla, CA
| | - Jacob I Sznajder
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Gökhan M Mutlu
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Manu Jain
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Cara J Gottardi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Benjamin D Singer
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Karen M Ridge
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Neda Bagheri
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Ali Shilatifard
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - G R Scott Budinger
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Harris Perlman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
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14
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Duchez P, Rodriguez L, Chevaleyre J, De La Grange PB, Ivanovic Z. Clinical-scale validation of a new efficient procedure for cryopreservation of ex vivo expanded cord blood hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Cytotherapy 2016; 18:1543-1547. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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15
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Fomin ME, Beyer AI, Publicover J, Lu K, Bakkour S, Simmons G, Muench MO. Higher Serum Alanine Transaminase Levels in Male Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator-Transgenic Mice Are Associated With Improved Engraftment of Hepatocytes but not Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells. CELL MEDICINE 2016; 9:117-125. [PMID: 28713641 DOI: 10.3727/215517916x693375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The effects of sex on the degree of liver damage and human cell engraftment were investigated in immunodeficient urokinase-type plasminogen activator-transgenic (uPA-NOG) mice. Liver damage, measured by serum alanine transaminase (ALT) levels, was compared in male and female uPA-NOG mice of different ages. Male mice had significantly higher ALT levels than females with a median of 334 versus 158 U/L in transgenic homozygous mice, respectively. Mice were transplanted with human adult hepatocytes or fetal liver cells and analyzed for any correlation of engraftment of hepatocytes, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs), and hematopoietic cells with the degree of liver damage. Hepatocyte engraftment was measured by human albumin levels in the mouse serum. Higher ALT levels correlated with higher hepatocyte engraftment, resulting in albumin levels in male mice that were 9.6 times higher than in females. LSEC and hematopoietic cell engraftment were measured by flow cytometric analysis of the mouse liver and bone marrow. LSEC and hematopoietic engraftment did not differ between male and female transplant recipients. Thus, the sex of uPA-NOG mice affects the degree of liver damage, which is reflected in the levels of human hepatocyte engraftment. However, the high levels of LSEC engraftment observed in uPA-NOG mice are not further improved among male mice, suggesting that a lower threshold of liver damage is sufficient to enhance endothelial cell engraftment. Previously described sex differences in human hematopoietic stem cell engraftment in immunodeficient mice were not observed in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina E Fomin
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ashley I Beyer
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jean Publicover
- †Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kai Lu
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sonia Bakkour
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Graham Simmons
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA.,‡Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Marcus O Muench
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA.,‡Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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16
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Kang YK, Ko Y, Choi A, Choi HJ, Seo JH, Lee M, Lee JA. Humanizing NOD/SCID/IL-2Rγnull (NSG) mice using busulfan and retro-orbital injection of umbilical cord blood-derived CD34(+) cells. Blood Res 2016; 51:31-6. [PMID: 27104189 PMCID: PMC4828526 DOI: 10.5045/br.2016.51.1.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Humanized mouse models are still under development, and various protocols exist to improve human cell engraftment and function. Methods Fourteen NOD/SCID/IL-2Rγnull (NSG) mice (4‒5 wk old) were conditioned with busulfan and injected with human umbilical cord blood (hUCB)-derived CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) via retro-orbital sinuses. The bone marrow (BM), spleen, and peripheral blood (PB) were analyzed 8 and 12 weeks after HSC transplantation. Results Most of the NSG mice tolerated the regimen well. The percentage of hCD45+ and CD19+ cells rose significantly in a time-dependent manner. The median percentage of hCD45+cells in the BM was 55.5% at week 8, and 67.2% at week 12. The median percentage of hCD45+ cells in the spleen at weeks 8 and 12 was 42% and 51%, respectively. The median percentage of hCD19+ cells in BM at weeks 8 and 12 was 21.5% and 39%, respectively (P=0.04). Similarly, the median percentage of hCD19+ cells in the spleen at weeks 8 and 12 was 10% and 24%, respectively (P=0.04). The percentage of hCD19+ B cells in PB was 23% at week 12. At week 8, hCD3+ T cells were barely detectable, while hCD7+ was detected in the BM and spleen. The percentage of hCD3+ T cells was 2‒3% at week 12 in the BM, spleen, and PB of humanized NSG mice. Conclusion We adopted a simplified protocol for establishing humanized NSG mice. We observed a higher engraftment rate of human CD45+ cells than earlier studies without any significant toxicity. And human CD45+ cell engraftment at week 8 was comparable to that of week 12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Kyung Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yunmi Ko
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Aery Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeong Jwa Choi
- Division of Radiation Effect, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Seo
- Laboratory Animal Facility, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minyoung Lee
- Division of Radiation Effect, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea.; Laboratory Animal Facility, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Ah Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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17
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Duchez P, Rodriguez L, Chevaleyre J, Lapostolle V, Vlaski M, Brunet de la Grange P, Ivanovic Z. Interleukin-6 enhances the activity of in vivo long-term reconstituting hematopoietic stem cells in "hypoxic-like" expansion cultures ex vivo. Transfusion 2015; 55:2684-91. [PMID: 26013839 DOI: 10.1111/trf.13175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since interleukin (IL)-6 synergizes with the physiologically relevant O2 concentration in the maintenance of primitive hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) subpopulations, we hypothesized that its addition to our hypoxic response mimicking cultures (HRMCs), composed of an antioxidant-supplied serum-free xeno-free medium supplemented with the cytokines stabilizing hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and balancing HSC self-renewal and commitment, will result in a similar effect even if they are exposed to 20% O2 . STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS HRMCs were exposed to 20 and 5% O2 with and without IL-6. Functional committed progenitors (colony-forming cells [CFCs]: CFU-GM, BFU-E, CFU-Mix, and CFU-Mk) were evaluated as well as the short- and long-term repopulating HSCs using in vivo NSG mice model (primary and secondary recipients, respectively). RESULTS The addition of IL-6 to HRMCs exposed to 20% O2 did not significantly impact either the CFCs or in vivo short-term repopulating cells. However, it enhanced both the frequency and the individual proliferative capacity of the most primitive long-term repopulating cell population evidenced by the generation of human CFCs in the marrow of secondary recipient mice. The exposure of HRMCs to 5% O2 negatively affected the amplification of CFCs, which was not changed by the addition of IL-6 and exhibited a partial enhancing effect on the long-term repopulating cells. CONCLUSION The addition of IL-6 to the cytokine cocktail further improves our expansion procedure based on atmospheric O2 concentration-exposed HRMCs by enhancing the maintenance of the most primitive HSCs without a negative impact on the less primitive HSC populations and CFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Duchez
- Etablissement Français du Sang Aquitaine-Limousin and UMR 5164 CNRS/Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Laura Rodriguez
- Etablissement Français du Sang Aquitaine-Limousin and UMR 5164 CNRS/Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean Chevaleyre
- Etablissement Français du Sang Aquitaine-Limousin and UMR 5164 CNRS/Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Veronique Lapostolle
- Etablissement Français du Sang Aquitaine-Limousin and UMR 5164 CNRS/Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marija Vlaski
- Etablissement Français du Sang Aquitaine-Limousin and UMR 5164 CNRS/Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Zoran Ivanovic
- Etablissement Français du Sang Aquitaine-Limousin and UMR 5164 CNRS/Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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18
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Gu A, Torres-Coronado M, Tran CA, Vu H, Epps EW, Chung J, Gonzalez N, Blanchard S, DiGiusto DL. Engraftment and lineage potential of adult hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells is compromised following short-term culture in the presence of an aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonist. Hum Gene Ther Methods 2015; 25:221-31. [PMID: 25003230 DOI: 10.1089/hgtb.2014.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy for HIV/AIDS is a promising alternative to lifelong antiretroviral therapy. One of the limitations of this approach is the number and quality of stem cells available for transplant following in vitro manipulations associated with stem cell isolation and genetic modification. The development of methods to increase the number of autologous, gene-modified stem cells available for transplantation would overcome this barrier. Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) from adult growth factor-mobilized peripheral blood were cultured in the presence of an aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonist (AhRA) previously shown to expand HSPC from umbilical cord blood. Qualitative and quantitative assessment of the hematopoietic potential of minimally cultured (MC-HSPC) or expanded HSPC (Exp-HSPC) was performed using an immunodeficient mouse model of transplantation. Our results demonstrate robust, multilineage engraftment of both MC-HSPC and Exp-HSPC although estimates of expansion based on stem cell phenotype were not supported by a corresponding increase in in vivo engrafting units. Bone marrow of animals transplanted with either MC-HSPC or Exp-HSPC contained secondary engrafting cells verifying the presence of primitive stem cells in both populations. However, the frequency of in vivo engrafting units among the more primitive CD34+/CD90+ HSPC population was significantly lower in Exp-HSPC compared with MC-HSPC. Exp-HSPC also produced fewer lymphoid progeny and more myeloid progeny than MC-HSPC. These results reveal that in vitro culture of adult HSPC in AhRA maintains but does not increase the number of in vivo engrafting cells and that HSPC expanded in vitro contain defects in lymphopoiesis as assessed in this model system. Further investigation is required before implementation of this approach in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Gu
- 1 Laboratory for Cellular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute , City of Hope, CA 91010
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19
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Leon-Rico D, Fernández-García M, Aldea M, Sánchez R, Peces-Barba M, Martinez-Palacio J, Yáñez RM, Almarza E. Comparison of haematopoietic stem cell engraftment through the retro-orbital venous sinus and the lateral vein: alternative routes for bone marrow transplantation in mice. Lab Anim 2015; 49:132-41. [PMID: 25586937 DOI: 10.1177/0023677214567915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow transplantation in mice is performed by intravenous administration of haematopoietic repopulating cells, usually via the lateral tail vein. This technique can be technically challenging to carry out and may cause distress to the mice. The retro-orbital sinus is a large area where there is a confluence of several vessels that provides an alternative route for intravenous access. Retro-orbital injection, although aesthetically unpleasant, can be performed rapidly without requiring mechanical restriction or heat-induced vasodilation. In addition, this technique can be easily learned by novice manipulators. This route of administration has been reported for use in bone marrow transplantation but there is no comparison of retro-orbital and tail vein injections reported for this specific purpose, although both routes have been compared for many other applications. Here, we provide for the first time a comprehensive comparison between tail vein and retro-orbital injections for two different bone marrow transplant scenarios in P3B and B6D2F1 mice. In both cases, no significant differences regarding donor engraftment were observed between mice transplanted using each of the techniques. Haematological counts and leukocyte subpopulation distribution were practically identical between both animal groups. Moreover, donor engraftment levels were less homogenous when cells were transplanted by tail vein injection, probably due to a higher risk of failure associated with this technique. All these data suggest that retro-orbital injection is a compelling alternative to conventional tail vein injection for bone marrow transplant in mice, providing similar and more homogenous haematopoietic reconstitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Leon-Rico
- Division of Haematopoietic Innovative Therapies. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBER-ER), Madrid, Spain Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz. (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Fernández-García
- Division of Haematopoietic Innovative Therapies. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBER-ER), Madrid, Spain Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz. (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Aldea
- Division of Haematopoietic Innovative Therapies. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBER-ER), Madrid, Spain Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz. (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - R Sánchez
- Division of Haematopoietic Innovative Therapies. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBER-ER), Madrid, Spain Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz. (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Peces-Barba
- Division of Haematopoietic Innovative Therapies. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBER-ER), Madrid, Spain
| | - J Martinez-Palacio
- Animal Facility, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
| | - R M Yáñez
- Division of Haematopoietic Innovative Therapies. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBER-ER), Madrid, Spain Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz. (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - E Almarza
- Division of Haematopoietic Innovative Therapies. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBER-ER), Madrid, Spain Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz. (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
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Neonatal bone marrow transplantation prevents bone pathology in a mouse model of mucopolysaccharidosis type I. Blood 2014; 125:1662-71. [PMID: 25298037 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-06-581207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal bone marrow transplantation (BMT) could offer a novel therapeutic opportunity for genetic disorders by providing sustainable levels of the missing protein at birth, thus preventing tissue damage. We tested this concept in mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS IH; Hurler syndrome), a lysosomal storage disorder caused by deficiency of α-l-iduronidase. MPS IH is characterized by a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, including severe progressive skeletal abnormalities. Although BMT increases the life span of patients with MPS IH, musculoskeletal manifestations are only minimally responsive if the timing of BMT delays, suggesting already irreversible bone damage. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that transplanting normal BM into newborn MPS I mice soon after birth can prevent skeletal dysplasia. We observed that neonatal BMT was effective at restoring α-l-iduronidase activity and clearing elevated glycosaminoglycans in blood and multiple organs. At 37 weeks of age, we observed an almost complete normalization of all bone tissue parameters, using radiographic, microcomputed tomography, biochemical, and histological analyses. Overall, the magnitude of improvements correlated with the extent of hematopoietic engraftment. We conclude that BMT at a very early stage in life markedly reduces signs and symptoms of MPS I before they appear.
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