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Current Status on Canine Foetal Fluid and Adnexa Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11082254. [PMID: 34438710 PMCID: PMC8388464 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective standards of care treatment guidelines have been developed for many canine diseases. However, a subpopulation of patients is partially or completely refractory to these protocols, so their owners seek novel therapies such as treatments with MSCs. Although in dogs, as with human medicine, the most studied MSCs sources have been bone marrow and adipose tissue, in recent years, many researchers have drawn attention towards alternative sources, such as foetal adnexa and fluid, since they possess many advantages over bone marrow and adipose tissue. Foetal adnexa and fluid could be considered as discarded material; therefore, sampling is non-invasive, inexpensive and free from ethical considerations. Furthermore, MSCs derived from foetal adnexa and fluid preserve some of the characteristics of the primitive embryonic layers from which they originate and seem to present immune-modulatory properties that make them a good candidate for allo- and xenotransplantation. The aim of the present review is to offer an update on the state of the art on canine MSCs derived from foetal adnexa and fluid focusing on the findings in their clinical setting.
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Abstract
Stem cells (SCs) are discovered long back but the idea that SCs possess therapeutic potential came up just a few decades back. In a past decade stem cell therapy is highly emerged and displayed tremendous potential for the treatment of a wide range of diseases and disorders such as blindness and vision impairment, type I diabetes, infertility, HIV, etc. SCs are very susceptible to destruction after transplantation into the host because of the inability to sustain elevated stress conditions inside the damaged tissue/organ. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are molecular chaperones/stress proteins expressed in response to stress (elevated temperature, harmful chemicals, ischemia, viruses, etc) inside a living cell. HSPs protect the cell from damage by assisting in the proper folding of cellular proteins. This review briefly summarises different types of HSPs, their classification, cellular functions as well as the role of HSPs in regulating SC self-renewal and survival in the transplanted host. Applications of HSP modulated SCs in regenerative medicine and for the treatment of ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction (MI), osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke, spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), leukemia, hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury, Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are discussed. In order to provide potential insights in understanding molecular mechanisms related to SCs in vertebrates, correlations between HSPs and SCs in cnidarians and planarians are also reviewed. There is a need to advance research in order to validate the use of HSPs for SC therapy and establish effective treatment strategies.
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Behdarvandy M, Karimian M, Atlasi MA, Azami Tameh A. Heat shock protein 27 as a neuroprotective biomarker and a suitable target for stem cell therapy and pharmacotherapy in ischemic stroke. Cell Biol Int 2019; 44:356-367. [PMID: 31502740 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a major common cause of death and long-term disability worldwide. Several pathophysiological events including excitotoxicity, oxidative/nitrative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis are involved in ischemic injuries. Recently, the molecular mechanisms involved in cerebral ischemia through a focus on a member of small heat shock proteins family, Hsp27, has been developed. Notably, following exposure to ischemia, Hsp27 expression in the brain could be increased rather than the normal condition and it may play an important role in neuroprotection after ischemic stroke. The neuroprotection effects of Hsp27 may arise from its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and chaperonic properties. Moreover, some therapeutic strategies such as stem cell therapy and pharmacotherapy have been developed with Hsp27 targeting. In this review, we describe the function and structure of Hsp27 and its possible role in neuroprotection after ischemic stroke. Finally, we present current studies in stroke therapy, which focused on Hsp27 targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Behdarvandy
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Qotb-e Ravandi Blvd., 8715988141, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Karimian
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Qotb-e Ravandi Blvd., 8715988141, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Atlasi
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Qotb-e Ravandi Blvd., 8715988141, Kashan, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Azami Tameh
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Qotb-e Ravandi Blvd., 8715988141, Kashan, Iran
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Garbuzova-Davis S, Haller E, Lin R, Borlongan CV. Intravenously Transplanted Human Bone Marrow Endothelial Progenitor Cells Engraft Within Brain Capillaries, Preserve Mitochondrial Morphology, and Display Pinocytotic Activity Toward Blood-Brain Barrier Repair in Ischemic Stroke Rats. Stem Cells 2017; 35:1246-1258. [PMID: 28142208 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is a life-threatening disease with limited therapeutic options. Cell therapy has emerged as an experimental stroke treatment. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) impairment is a key pathological manifestation of ischemic stroke, and barrier repair is an innovative target for neurorestoration in stroke. Here, we evaluated via electron microscopy the ability of transplanted human bone marrow endothelial progenitor cells (hBMEPCs) to repair the BBB in adult Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). β-galactosidase prelabeled hBMEPCs were intravenously transplanted 48 hours post-tMCAO. Ultrastructural analysis of microvessels in nontransplant stroke rats revealed typical BBB pathology. At 5 days post-transplantation with hBMEPCs, stroke rats displayed widespread vascular repair in bilateral striatum and motor cortex, characterized by robust cell engraftment within capillaries. hBMEPC transplanted stroke rats exhibited near normal morphology of endothelial cells (ECs), pericytes, and astrocytes, without detectable perivascular edema. Near normal morphology of mitochondria was also detected in ECs and perivascular astrocytes from transplanted stroke rats. Equally notable, we observed numerous pinocytic vesicles within engrafted cells. Robust engraftment and intricate functionality of transplanted hBMEPCs likely abrogated stroke-altered vasculature. Preserving mitochondria and augmenting pinocytosis in cell-based therapeutics represent a new neurorestorative mechanism in BBB repair for stroke. Stem Cells 2017;35:1246-1258.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svitlana Garbuzova-Davis
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair.,Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Morsani College of Medicine
| | - Edward Haller
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Roger Lin
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair
| | - Cesario V Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair.,Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair
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Carvajal HG, Suárez-Meade P, Borlongan CV. Amnion-derived stem cell transplantation: A novel treatment for neurological disorders. Brain Circ 2016; 2:1-7. [PMID: 30276271 PMCID: PMC6126246 DOI: 10.4103/2394-8108.178537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we evaluated the literature reporting the use of amniotic stem cells (ASCs) in regenerative medicine for the treatment of neurological disorders. There is an increasing amount of evidence that indicates the exacerbation of the primary injury by inflammation in neurological disorders characterized by rampant inflammation, thereby increasing damage to the central nervous system (CNS). To address this, we focus on the amnion cells' anti-inflammatory properties, which make their transplantation a promising treatment for these disorders. In addition, we offered insights into new applications of the ASC in the fields of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horacio G Carvajal
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Florida, USA
| | - Paola Suárez-Meade
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Florida, USA
| | - Cesario V Borlongan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Florida, USA
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Wu KJ, Yu SJ, Chiang CW, Cho KH, Lee YW, Yen BL, Kuo LW, Wang Y. Transplantation of Human Placenta-Derived Multipotent Stem Cells Reduces Ischemic Brain Injury in Adult Rats. Cell Transplant 2015; 24:459-70. [DOI: 10.3727/096368915x686922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
After the onset of stroke, a series of progressive and degenerative reactions, including inflammation, is activated, which leads to cell death. We recently reported that human placenta-derived multipotent stem cells (hPDMCs) process potent anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we examined the protective effect of hPDMC transplants in a rodent model of stroke. Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were anesthetized. hPDMCs labeled with a vital dye of fluorescing microparticles, DiI, or vehicle were transplanted into three cortical areas adjacent to the right middle cerebral artery (MCA). Five minutes after grafting, the right MCA was transiently occluded for 60 min. Stroke animals receiving hPDMCs showed a significant behavioral improvement and reduction in lesion volume examined by T2-weighted images 4 days poststroke. Brain tissues were collected 1 day later. Human-specific marker HuNu immunoreactivity and DiI fluorescence were found at the hPDMC graft sites, suggesting the survival of hPDMCs in host brain. Grafting of hPDMCs suppressed IBA1 immunoreactivity and deramification of IBA1+ cells in the perilesioned area, suggesting activation of microglia was attenuated by the transplants. Taken together, our data indicate that hPDMC transplantation reduced cortical lesions and behavioral deficits in adult stroke rats, and these cells could serve as a unique anti-inflammatory reservoir for the treatment of ischemic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kou-Jen Wu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Seong-Jin Yu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wen Chiang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, NHRI, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Kuna-Hung Cho
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Lee
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, NHRI, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - B. Linju Yen
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, NHRI, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wei Kuo
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, NHRI, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yun Wang
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), Miaoli, Taiwan
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Costa R, Bergwerf I, Santermans E, De Vocht N, Praet J, Daans J, Le Blon D, Hoornaert C, Reekmans K, Hens N, Goossens H, Berneman Z, Parolini O, Alviano F, Ponsaerts P. Distinct In Vitro Properties of Embryonic and Extraembryonic Fibroblast-Like Cells are Reflected in their in Vivo Behavior following Grafting in the Adult Mouse Brain. Cell Transplant 2015; 24:223-33. [DOI: 10.3727/096368913x676196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Although intracerebral transplantation of various fibroblast(-like) cell populations has been shown feasible, little is known about the actual in vivo remodeling of these cellular grafts and their environment. In this study, we aimed to compare the in vitro and in vivo behavior of two phenotypically similar—but developmentally distinct—fibroblast-like cell populations, namely, mouse embryonic fibroblasts (mEFs) and mouse fetal membrane-derived stromal cells (mFMSCs). While both mEFs and mFMSCs are readily able to reduce TNF-α secretion by LPS/IFN-γ-activated BV-2 microglia, mFMSCs and mEFs display strikingly opposite behavior with regard to VEGF production under normal and inflammatory conditions. Whereas mFMSCs downregulate VEGF production upon coculture with LPS/IFN-γ-activated BV-2 microglia, mEFs upregulate VEGF production in the presence of LPS/IFN-γ-activated BV-2 microglia. Subsequently, in vivo grafting of mFMSCs and mEFs revealed no difference in microglial and astroglial responses toward the cellular grafts. However, mFMSC grafts displayed a lower degree of neoangiogenesis compared to mEF grafts, thereby potentially explaining the lower cell number able to survive in mFMSC grafts. In summary, our results suggest that physiological differences between fibroblast-like cell populations might lie at the basis of variations in histopathological and/or clinical outcome following cell grafting in mouse brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Costa
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Irene Bergwerf
- Experimental Cell Transplantation Group, Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Eva Santermans
- Center for Statistics, I-Biostat, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Nathalie De Vocht
- Experimental Cell Transplantation Group, Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jelle Praet
- Experimental Cell Transplantation Group, Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jasmijn Daans
- Experimental Cell Transplantation Group, Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Debbie Le Blon
- Experimental Cell Transplantation Group, Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Chloé Hoornaert
- Experimental Cell Transplantation Group, Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kristien Reekmans
- Experimental Cell Transplantation Group, Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Niel Hens
- Center for Statistics, I-Biostat, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- Centre for Health Economic Research and Modeling Infectious Diseases (Chermid), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Herman Goossens
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Zwi Berneman
- Experimental Cell Transplantation Group, Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ornella Parolini
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza - Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesco Alviano
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Peter Ponsaerts
- Experimental Cell Transplantation Group, Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Shehadah A, Chen J, Pal A, He S, Zeitlin A, Cui X, Zacharek A, Cui Y, Roberts C, Lu M, Hariri R, Chopp M. Human placenta-derived adherent cell treatment of experimental stroke promotes functional recovery after stroke in young adult and older rats. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86621. [PMID: 24466174 PMCID: PMC3897748 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human Placenta-Derived Adherent Cells (PDAC®) are a novel mesenchymal-like cell population derived from normal human placental tissue. PDA-001 is a clinical formulation of PDAC® developed for intravenous administration. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of PDA-001 treatment in a rat model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) in young adult (2–3 month old) and older rats (10–12 months old). Methods To evaluate efficacy and determine the optimal number of transplanted cells, young adult Wistar rats were subjected to MCAo and treated 1 day post MCAo with 1×106, 4×106 or 8×106 PDA-001 cells (i.v.), vehicle or cell control. 4×106 or 8×106 PDA-001 cells were also tested in older rats after MCAo. Treatment response was evaluated using a battery of functional outcome tests, consisting of adhesive-removal test, modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS) and foot-fault test. Young adult rats were sacrificed 56 days after MCAo, older rats were sacrificed 29 days after MCAo, and lesion volumes were measured using H&E. Immunohistochemical stainings for bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and von Willebrand Factor (vWF), and synaptophysin were performed. Results In young adult rats, treatment with 4×106 PDA-001 cells significantly improved functional outcome after stroke (p<0.05). In older rats, significant functional improvement was observed with PDA-001 cell therapy in both of the 4×106 and 8×106 treatment groups. Functional benefits in young adult and older rats were associated with significant increases in the number of BrdU immunoreactive endothelial cells, vascular density and perimeter in the ischemic brain, as well as significantly increased synaptophysin expression in the ischemic border zone (p<0.05). Conclusion PDA-001 treatment significantly improved functional outcome after stroke in both young adult and older rats. The neurorestorative effects induced by PDA-001 treatment may be related to increased vascular density and synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Shehadah
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Jieli Chen
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Ajai Pal
- Celgene Cellular Therapeutics, Warren, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Shuyang He
- Celgene Cellular Therapeutics, Warren, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Andrew Zeitlin
- Celgene Cellular Therapeutics, Warren, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Xu Cui
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Alex Zacharek
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Yisheng Cui
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Cynthia Roberts
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Mei Lu
- Department of Biostatistics and Research Epidemiology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Robert Hariri
- Celgene Cellular Therapeutics, Warren, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Michael Chopp
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, United States of America
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