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Denóbile C, Chiba de Castro WA, da Silva Matos DM. Public Health Implications of Invasive Plants: A Scientometric Study. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:661. [PMID: 36771745 PMCID: PMC9921203 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Movements of organisms through distinct places can change the dynamics of ecological interactions and make the habitat conducive to the spread of diseases. Faced with a cyclical scenario of invasions and threats in a One Health context, we conducted a scientometric study to understand how disturbances in environments with invaded vegetation affect the incidence of parasites and disease prevalence rates. The search was carried out in Web of Science and Scopus databases, with keywords delimited by Boolean operators and based on the PRISMA protocol. Thirty-sixarticles were full-read to clarify the interaction between diseases and invaded areas. The analysis covered publications from 2005 to 2022, with a considerable increase in the last ten years and a significant participation of the USA on the world stage. Trends were found in scientific activities, and we explored how invasive species can indirectly damage health, as higher concentrations of pathogens, vectors, and hosts were related to structurally altered communities. This paper reveals invaded plants threats that enhance disease transmission risks. It is likely that, with frequent growth in the number of introduced species worldwide due to environmental disturbances and human interventions, the negative implications will be intensified in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Denóbile
- Graduate Program in Neotropical Biodiversity, Federal University of Latin American Integration, UNILA, Foz do Iguaçu 85870-901, Brazil
| | - Wagner Antonio Chiba de Castro
- Graduate Program in Neotropical Biodiversity, Federal University of Latin American Integration, UNILA, Foz do Iguaçu 85870-901, Brazil
- Latin American Institute of Life and Nature Sciences, Federal University of Latin American Integration, UNILA, Foz do Iguaçu 85870-901, Brazil
| | - Dalva Maria da Silva Matos
- Graduate Program in Neotropical Biodiversity, Federal University of Latin American Integration, UNILA, Foz do Iguaçu 85870-901, Brazil
- Department of Hydrobiology, Federal University of São Carlos, UFSCar, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
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Are Antarctic aquatic invertebrates hitchhiking on your footwear? J Nat Conserv 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2023.126354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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3
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Tang W, Guo H, Yin J, Ding X, Xu X, Wang T, Yang C, Xiong W, Zhong S, Tao Q, Sun J. Germination ecology of Chenopodium album L. and implications for weed management. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276176. [PMID: 36251670 PMCID: PMC9576060 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Chenopodium album L. is a troublesome annual species in various cropping systems, and a sound knowledge of the ecological response of C. album germination to environmental factors would suggest suitable management strategies for inhibiting its spread. Preliminary laboratory-based research was conducted to investigate germination and emergence requirements of C. album under various environmental conditions (e.g., photoperiods, constant temperature, salinity, moisture, soil pH, burial depth, and oat crop residue). Results showed C. album seeds were found to be photoblastic, with only 13% germination in darkness. The maximum germination (94%) of C. album occurred at an optimal temperature of 25°C, and the depressive effect of other temperatures on germination was more severe at lower rather than higher temperatures. Seed germination was suitably tolerant of salinity and osmotic potential, with germination observed at 200 mM NaCl (37.0%) and -0.8 MPa (20%), respectively. Germination was relatively uniform (88–92%) at pH levels ranging from 4 to 10. The maximum germination of C. album was observed on the soil surface, with no or rare emergence of seeds at a burial depth of 2 cm or under 7000 kg ha-1 oat straw cover, respectively. Information provided by this study will help to develop more sustainable and effective integrated weed management strategies for the control of C. album, including (i) a shallow-tillage procedures to bury weed seeds in conventional-tillage systems and (ii) oat residue retention or coverage on the soil surface in no-tillage systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tang
- College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grassland Resources and Ecology in the Yellow River Delta, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Haipeng Guo
- College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grassland Resources and Ecology in the Yellow River Delta, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianing Yin
- College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grassland Resources and Ecology in the Yellow River Delta, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaohui Ding
- College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grassland Resources and Ecology in the Yellow River Delta, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grassland Resources and Ecology in the Yellow River Delta, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tingru Wang
- College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grassland Resources and Ecology in the Yellow River Delta, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chao Yang
- College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grassland Resources and Ecology in the Yellow River Delta, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wangdan Xiong
- College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grassland Resources and Ecology in the Yellow River Delta, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shangzhi Zhong
- College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grassland Resources and Ecology in the Yellow River Delta, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qibo Tao
- College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grassland Resources and Ecology in the Yellow River Delta, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Juan Sun
- College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grassland Resources and Ecology in the Yellow River Delta, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- * E-mail:
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Pickering C. Mountain bike riding and hiking can contribute to the dispersal of weed seeds. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 319:115693. [PMID: 35868188 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mountain biking and hiking are popular, but both recreational activities can contribute to the unintentional dispersal of seeds including non-native plants that cause environmental harm (e.g. environmental weeds). Addressing the requirement for more information about the ecological impacts of recreational activities, seed dispersal from mountain biking and hiking were compared under different climatic and environmental conditions. Seeds from a range of graminids and forbs were found to attach to the mountain bike, rider and hiker, including environmental weed seeds, on trails and in-field in montane Australia. While the composition of seeds differed between the two activities, no significant differences were found between traits, such as natives or environmental weed, graminids or forbs, perennial or annual, large or small, attachment or no attachment structures, although sample sizes were small. Few seeds attached to the mountain bike, rider or hiker on dry trails, some seeds attached when trails were wet, but more seeds attached when riding/hiking off trail in a field. Cleaning clothing and bikes and avoiding areas with environmental weed seeding could reduce the risk of this type of unintentional human mediated dispersal, but compliance with such measures may be challenging. Given the increasing popularity of mountain biking and the current controversy about the relative impacts of mountain biking in areas of high conservation concern, additional research assessing severity, duration and range of impacts of mountain biking on soil, wildlife, waterways and vegetation is critical.
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Wani SA, Ahmad R, Gulzar R, Rashid I, Malik AH, Rashid I, Khuroo AA. Diversity, Distribution and Drivers of Alien Flora in the Indian Himalayan Region. Glob Ecol Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Haider S, Lembrechts JJ, McDougall K, Pauchard A, Alexander JM, Barros A, Cavieres LA, Rashid I, Rew LJ, Aleksanyan A, Arévalo JR, Aschero V, Chisholm C, Clark VR, Clavel J, Daehler C, Dar PA, Dietz H, Dimarco RD, Edwards P, Essl F, Fuentes‐Lillo E, Guisan A, Gwate O, Hargreaves AL, Jakobs G, Jiménez A, Kardol P, Kueffer C, Larson C, Lenoir J, Lenzner B, Padrón Mederos MA, Mihoc M, Milbau A, Morgan JW, Müllerová J, Naylor BJ, Nijs I, Nuñez MA, Otto R, Preuk N, Ratier Backes A, Reshi ZA, Rumpf SB, Sandoya V, Schroder M, Speziale KL, Urbach D, Valencia G, Vandvik V, Vitková M, Vorstenbosch T, Walker TWN, Walsh N, Wright G, Zong S, Seipel T. Think globally, measure locally: The MIREN standardized protocol for monitoring plant species distributions along elevation gradients. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8590. [PMID: 35222963 PMCID: PMC8844121 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change and other global change drivers threaten plant diversity in mountains worldwide. A widely documented response to such environmental modifications is for plant species to change their elevational ranges. Range shifts are often idiosyncratic and difficult to generalize, partly due to variation in sampling methods. There is thus a need for a standardized monitoring strategy that can be applied across mountain regions to assess distribution changes and community turnover of native and non‐native plant species over space and time. Here, we present a conceptually intuitive and standardized protocol developed by the Mountain Invasion Research Network (MIREN) to systematically quantify global patterns of native and non‐native species distributions along elevation gradients and shifts arising from interactive effects of climate change and human disturbance. Usually repeated every five years, surveys consist of 20 sample sites located at equal elevation increments along three replicate roads per sampling region. At each site, three plots extend from the side of a mountain road into surrounding natural vegetation. The protocol has been successfully used in 18 regions worldwide from 2007 to present. Analyses of one point in time already generated some salient results, and revealed region‐specific elevational patterns of native plant species richness, but a globally consistent elevational decline in non‐native species richness. Non‐native plants were also more abundant directly adjacent to road edges, suggesting that disturbed roadsides serve as a vector for invasions into mountains. From the upcoming analyses of time series, even more exciting results can be expected, especially about range shifts. Implementing the protocol in more mountain regions globally would help to generate a more complete picture of how global change alters species distributions. This would inform conservation policy in mountain ecosystems, where some conservation policies remain poorly implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Haider
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
| | - Jonas J. Lembrechts
- Research group Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO) University of Antwerp Wilrijk Belgium
| | - Keith McDougall
- Department of Planning, Industry and Environment Queanbeyan New South Wales Australia
| | - Aníbal Pauchard
- Laboratorio de Invasiones Biologicas (LIB) Facultad de Ciencias Forestales Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB) Santiago Chile
| | | | - Agustina Barros
- Instituto Argentino de Nivología y Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA) Centro Científico Tecnológico (CCT) CONICET Mendoza Mendoza Argentina
| | - Lohengrin A. Cavieres
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB) Santiago Chile
- Departamento de Botánica Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile
| | - Irfan Rashid
- Department of Botany University of Kashmir Srinagar India
| | - Lisa J. Rew
- Department of Land Resource and Environmental Sciences Montana State University Bozeman Montana USA
| | - Alla Aleksanyan
- Department of Geobotany and Plant Ecophysiology Institute of Botany aft. A.L. Takhtajyan NAS RA Yerevan Armenia
- Chair of Biology and Biotechnologies Armenian National Agrarian University Yerevan Armenia
| | - José R. Arévalo
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology University of La Laguna La Laguna Spain
| | - Valeria Aschero
- Instituto Argentino de Nivología y Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA) Centro Científico Tecnológico (CCT) CONICET Mendoza Mendoza Argentina
| | | | - V. Ralph Clark
- Afromontane Research Unit & Department of Geography University of the Free State: Qwaqwa Campus Phuthaditjhaba South Africa
| | - Jan Clavel
- Research group Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO) University of Antwerp Wilrijk Belgium
| | - Curtis Daehler
- School of Life Sciences University of Hawai'i at Manoa Honolulu Hawaii USA
| | | | - Hansjörg Dietz
- Institute of Integrative Biology ETH Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - Romina D. Dimarco
- Grupo de Ecología de Poblaciones de Insectos IFAB (INTA‐CONICET) Bariloche Argentina
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry University of Houston Houston Texas USA
| | - Peter Edwards
- Institute of Integrative Biology ETH Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - Franz Essl
- Bioinvasions, Global Change, Macroecology Group Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Eduardo Fuentes‐Lillo
- Research group Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO) University of Antwerp Wilrijk Belgium
- Laboratorio de Invasiones Biologicas (LIB) Facultad de Ciencias Forestales Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB) Santiago Chile
- School of Education and Social Sciences Adventist University of Chile Chillán Chile
| | - Antoine Guisan
- Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics & Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Onalenna Gwate
- Afromontane Research Unit & Department of Geography University of the Free State: Qwaqwa Campus Phuthaditjhaba South Africa
| | | | - Gabi Jakobs
- Institute of Integrative Biology ETH Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - Alejandra Jiménez
- Laboratorio de Invasiones Biologicas (LIB) Facultad de Ciencias Forestales Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB) Santiago Chile
| | - Paul Kardol
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Umeå Sweden
| | - Christoph Kueffer
- Institute of Integrative Biology ETH Zürich Zürich Switzerland
- Department of Botany and Zoology Centre for Invasion Biology Stellenbosch University Matieland South Africa
| | - Christian Larson
- Department of Land Resource and Environmental Sciences Montana State University Bozeman Montana USA
| | - Jonathan Lenoir
- UR “Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés” (EDYSAN UMR 7058 CNRS) Université de Picardie Jules Verne Amiens France
| | - Bernd Lenzner
- Bioinvasions, Global Change, Macroecology Group Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | | | - Maritza Mihoc
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB) Santiago Chile
- Departamento de Botánica Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile
| | - Ann Milbau
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest – INBO Brussels Belgium
| | - John W. Morgan
- Department of Ecology Environment and Evolution La Trobe University Bundoora Victoria Australia
| | - Jana Müllerová
- Department of GIS and Remote Sensing Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences Průhonice Czech Republic
| | | | - Ivan Nijs
- Research group Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO) University of Antwerp Wilrijk Belgium
| | - Martin A. Nuñez
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry University of Houston Houston Texas USA
- Grupo Ecología de Invasiones Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente CONICET ‐ Universidad Nacional del Comahue Bariloche Argentina
| | - Rüdiger Otto
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology University of La Laguna La Laguna Spain
| | - Niels Preuk
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle Germany
| | - Amanda Ratier Backes
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
| | - Zafar A. Reshi
- Department of Botany University of Kashmir Srinagar India
| | - Sabine B. Rumpf
- Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
- Department of Environmental Sciences University of Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Verónica Sandoya
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology Yachay Tech University Urcuquí Ecuador
- CREAF Cerdanyola del Vallès Spain
- Unitat d'Ecologia Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Cerdanyola del Vallès Spain
| | - Mellesa Schroder
- Department of Planning, Industry and Environment Jindabyne New South Wales Australia
| | | | - Davnah Urbach
- Global Mountain Biodiversity Assessment Institute of Plant Sciences University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Graciela Valencia
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB) Santiago Chile
- Departamento de Botánica Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile
| | - Vigdis Vandvik
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Bergen Bergen Norway
| | - Michaela Vitková
- Department of Invasion Ecology Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences Průhonice Czech Republic
| | - Tom Vorstenbosch
- Bioinvasions, Global Change, Macroecology Group Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research University of Vienna Vienna Austria
- Institute of Biology Leiden Leiden University Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Tom W. N. Walker
- Institute of Integrative Biology ETH Zürich Zürich Switzerland
- Institute of Biology University of Neuchâtel Neuchâtel Switzerland
| | - Neville Walsh
- Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Genevieve Wright
- Department of Planning, Industry and Environment NSW Government, Biodiversity and Conservation Queanbeyan New South Wales Australia
| | - Shengwei Zong
- Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains Ministry of Education School of Geographical Sciences Northeast Normal University Changchun China
| | - Tim Seipel
- Department of Land Resource and Environmental Sciences Montana State University Bozeman Montana USA
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Composition, introduction history and invasion status of alien flora in Dachigam National Park of Kashmir Himalaya. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INDIAN NATIONAL SCIENCE ACADEMY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s43538-022-00063-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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8
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The phytosanitary risks posed by seeds for sowing trade networks. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259912. [PMID: 34847168 PMCID: PMC8631629 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
When successful, the operation of local and international networks of crop seed distribution or “seed systems” ensures farmer access to seed and impacts rural livelihoods and food security. Farmers are both consumers and producers in seed systems and benefit from access to global markets. However, phytosanitary measures and seed purity tests are also needed to maintain seed quality and prevent the spread of costly weeds, pests and diseases, in some countries regulatory controls have been in place since the 1800s. Nevertheless, seed contaminants are internationally implicated in between 7% and 37% of the invasive plant species and many of the agricultural pests and diseases. We assess biosecurity risk across international seed trade networks of forage crops using models of contaminant spread that integrate network connectivity and trade volume. To stochastically model hypothetical contaminants through global seed trade networks, realistic dispersal probabilities were estimated from quarantine weed seed detections and incursions from border security interception data in New Zealand. For our test case we use contaminants linked to the global trade of ryegrass and clover seed. Between 2014 and 2018 only four quarantine weed species (222 species and several genera are on the quarantine schedule) warranting risk mitigation were detected at the border. Quarantine weeds were rare considering that average import volumes were over 190 tonnes for ryegrass and clover, but 105 unregulated contaminant species were allowed in. Ryegrass and clover seed imports each led to one post-border weed incursion response over 20 years. Trade reports revealed complex global seed trade networks spanning >134 (ryegrass) and >110 (clover) countries. Simulations showed contaminants could disperse to as many as 50 (clover) or 80 (ryegrass) countries within 10 time-steps. Risk assessed via network models differed 18% (ryegrass) or 48% (clover) of the time compared to risk assessed on trade volumes. We conclude that biosecurity risk is driven by network position, the number of trading connections and trade volume. Risk mitigation measures could involve the use of more comprehensive lists of regulated species, comprehensive inspection protocols, or the addition of field surveillance at farms where seed is planted.
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Bempah AN, Kyereh B, Ansong M, Asante W. Debarking as a control method for invasive tree species management in tropical forests. Trop Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42965-021-00198-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Binod Borah
- Dept of Biology and Ecology Center, Utah State Univ. Logan UT USA
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11
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Yang M, Pickering CM, Xu L, Lin X. Tourist vehicle as a selective mechanism for plant dispersal: Evidence from a national park in the eastern Himalaya. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 285:112109. [PMID: 33581455 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It is increasingly recognised that human vehicle may act as a vector to spread species, but research remains sparse to examine vehicle-mediated spread to natural areas, in particular to protected areas by urbanized societies through increasing tourism/recreation traffic. This study assessed the role of tourist vehicle in driving biotic exchange to Laojun Mountain National Park in the eastern Himalaya. A stratified random sampling method was applied to compare plant seeds in muds collected from different vehicles (sedan, SUV and others) entering the park in different seasons (May, August and October) from different regions. Across the 663 mud samples, 3119 seedlings of 124 species germinated which were predominately roadside ruderals and non-native species. The number of vehicle-dispersed flora was found to be correlated with the amount of mud attached on vehicles, with more seed carried by vehicles travelling in autumn, sport utility vehicles and those from local areas. When seed traits were analysed using generalized linear models, vehicles were more likely disperse appendaged and compact seeds, and those released from low-stature plants such as forb or grass. The results highlight the risks of species introduction and homogenization of flora from seeds on tourist vehicles entering protected areas. Strategies like vehicle washing and managing roadside vegetation may help reduce risks from tourism traffic in the eastern Himalayan parks as well as other sensitive ecosystems around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Yang
- Institute of Ecology and Geobotany, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, PR China.
| | - Catherine M Pickering
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Lei Xu
- Institute of Ecology and Geobotany, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, PR China
| | - Xin Lin
- Institute of Ecology and Geobotany, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, PR China
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Lemke A, Buchholz S, Kowarik I, Starfinger U, von der Lippe M. Interaction of traffic intensity and habitat features shape invasion dynamics of an invasive alien species (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) in a regional road network. NEOBIOTA 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.64.58775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Road corridors are important conduits for plant invasions, and an understanding of the underlying mechanisms is necessary for efficient management of invasive alien species in road networks. Previous studies identified road type with different traffic volumes as a key driver of seed dispersal and abundance of alien plants along roads. However, how the intensity of traffic interacts with the habitat features of roadsides in shaping invasion processes is not sufficiently understood. To elucidate these interactions, we analyzed the population dynamics of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.), a common non-indigenous annual species in Europe and other continents, in a regional road network in Germany. Over a period of five years, we recorded plant densities at roadsides along four types of road corridors, subject to different intensities of traffic, and with a total length of about 300 km. We also classified roadsides in regard to habitat features (disturbance, shade). This allowed us to determine corridor- and habitat-specific mean population growth rates and spatial-temporal shifts in roadside plant abundances at the regional scale. Our results show that both traffic intensity and roadside habitat features significantly affect the population dynamics of ragweed. The combination of high traffic intensity and high disturbance intensity led to the highest mean population growth whereas population growth in less suitable habitats (e.g. shaded roadsides) declined with decreasing traffic intensity. We conclude that high traffic facilitates ragweed invasion along roads, likely due to continued seed dispersal, and can compensate partly for less suitable habitat features (i.e. shade) that decrease population growth along less trafficked roads. As a practical implication, management efforts to decline ragweed invasions within road networks (e.g. by repeated mowing) should be prioritized along high trafficked roads, and roadside with disturbed, open habitats should be reduced as far as possible, e.g. by establishing grassland from the regional species pool.
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Runghen R, Bramon Mora B, Godoy‐Lorite A, Stouffer DB. Assessing unintended human‐mediated dispersal using visitation networks. J Appl Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rogini Runghen
- Centre for Integrative Ecology School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Bernat Bramon Mora
- Centre for Integrative Ecology School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
- Institute of Integrative Biology ETH Zürich Zurich Switzerland
| | | | - Daniel B. Stouffer
- Centre for Integrative Ecology School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
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Shi X, Li R, Zhang Z, Qiang S. Microstructure determines floating ability of weed seeds. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:440-454. [PMID: 32770647 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weed seeds in rice-wheat continuous cropping fields spread via flowing water during irrigation of the rice crop. However, the ability of their adaptation to water dispersal and their structural mechanisms remain unclear. One hundred and ten species of weed seeds from 35 families were selected for this study. Seed slices were made through freeze sectioning to observe and assess the proportions of parenchyma, aerenchyma and lignified tissue. Microstructure and morphological traits, such as relative size and appendages were integrated into an analysis. RESULTS Multivariate statistical analysis showed that floating time was significantly positively correlated with the shape, aerenchyma and parenchyma of the weed seeds and negatively with lignified tissue. Cluster analysis divided all the tested seeds into four categories. The first category was super floating weeds, which had a large proportion of parenchyma or air chamber and floated on water surfaces for > 400 h, including 16 species; the second category was strong floating weeds, which had a flat shape, parenchyma or air chamber structures and floated for 120 to 400 h, including 17 species; the third category was floating weeds, which were usually dense in structure with a floating time < 120 h, including 78 species; the fourth category showed no floating ability with a large size and mass, and dense structures including seven species. CONCLUSION Most weeds had floating ability, which was closely related to the adaptability of their anatomical structures. This study takes an insight into understanding ecological adaptation of weeds and the sustainable ecological weed control through removing floating weed seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglei Shi
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 6 Tongwei Road, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ruhai Li
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 6 Tongwei Road, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Science, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.18 Nanhu avenue, Wuhan, 430064, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 6 Tongwei Road, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Sheng Qiang
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 6 Tongwei Road, Nanjing, 210095, China
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Valkó O, Lukács K, Deák B, Kiss R, Miglécz T, Tóth K, Tóth Á, Godó L, Radócz S, Sonkoly J, Kelemen A, Tóthmérész B. Laundry washing increases dispersal efficiency of cloth-dispersed propagules. NEOBIOTA 2020. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.61.53730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Due to increased human mobility, cloth-dispersed propagules can be transported over long distances, which would not have been bridged otherwise. We studied a potentially important component of human-mediated seed dispersal by assessing the effects of laundry washing on the dispersed propagules. We studied the germination of 18 species, which have morphological adaptations for epizoochory and are commonly dispersed by people. We tested six treatments (washing with water, soap nut or detergent, at 30 °C or 60 °C) compared to an untreated control. Washing intensity was the most significant factor affecting germination. Washing at 30 °C was neutral for 14 species, suppressed one species and supported three species. Washing at 60 °C decreased seedling numbers of half of the studied species. The intensive washing treatments at 60 °C significantly decreased the synchrony of germination. We showed that people are not purely transporting propagules from one location to another, but via the laundry cycle, we can also influence the fate of the transported propagules by affecting germination potential, seedling fitness and germination dynamics. These results have new implications for understanding the early stages of biological invasions and call for improved biosecurity measures in nature reserves subjected to a growing pressure of tourism.
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Waddell EH, Chapman DS, Hill JK, Hughes M, Bin Sailim A, Tangah J, Banin LF. Trait filtering during exotic plant invasion of tropical rainforest remnants along a disturbance gradient. Funct Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily H. Waddell
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Penicuik UK
- Department of Biology University of York York UK
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Daniel S. Chapman
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Penicuik UK
- Biological and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Natural Sciences University of Stirling Stirling UK
| | - Jane K. Hill
- Department of Biology University of York York UK
| | | | - Azlin Bin Sailim
- The South East Asia Rainforest Research Partnership Danum Valley Field Centre Sabah Malaysia
| | - Joseph Tangah
- Sabah Forestry Department Forest Research Centre Sabah Malaysia
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Vaverková MD, Adamcová D, Winkler J, Koda E, Petrželová L, Maxianová A. Alternative method of composting on a reclaimed municipal waste landfill in accordance with the circular economy: Benefits and risks. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 723:137971. [PMID: 32220733 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Waste composting is becoming a key element of integrated waste management. Composting has a number of advantages, including economic benefits, improvement of soil properties through the use of compost, reduction in the use of chemical fertilisers, and minimization of environmental pollution. Composting on a landfill surface appears to be an economical solution that can help close the waste loop and material cycle. In this study, a composting plant located on a landfill surface was analysed. The main objective of the research was to identify the species of plants growing in the organic fraction of municipal solid waste in temporary storage, in the composting plant, and in maturing compost located in a reclaimed plot at the landfill site. During monitoring, 88 plant species were identified altogether. It was observed that compost can become a source of weed infestation. To control the presence of weeds in the compost, basic principles of composting are to be followed to reduce the quantity of weed seeds. The thermophilic phase must occur to reduce the viability of seeds in the input materials and sufficient moisture must be ensured during the composting process. When these principles are strictly observed and the stored compost is maintained without vegetation, the supply of seeds in the compost will be low, and the undesirable spread of plant species to adjacent areas will be controlled. The results showed that the use of the obtained compost did not result in the propagation of weed species. This study demonstrates that composting on a reclaimed landfill offers various advantages such as a closed waste management cycle, coverage of the active landfill body, and fertilisation of the reclaimed part of the landfill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Daria Vaverková
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Dana Adamcová
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Winkler
- Department of Plant biology, AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eugeniusz Koda
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lenka Petrželová
- Department of Plant biology, AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alžbeta Maxianová
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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18
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Collinson W, Davies-Mostert H, Roxburgh L, van der Ree R. Status of Road Ecology Research in Africa: Do We Understand the Impacts of Roads, and How to Successfully Mitigate Them? Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Nováková M, Šerá B, Cudlín P. Roadside Habitats: The Impact of Salinization on the Occurrence, Growth and Reproduction of Two Weed Species Echinochloa crus-galli and Digitaria sanguinalis. POLISH JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.3161/15052249pje2019.67.3.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markéta Nováková
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Agriculture, Studentská 1668, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Božena Šerá
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Agriculture, Studentská 1668, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Cudlín
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Agriculture, Studentská 1668, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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Liedtke R, Barros A, Essl F, Lembrechts JJ, Wedegärtner REM, Pauchard A, Dullinger S. Hiking trails as conduits for the spread of non-native species in mountain areas. Biol Invasions 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-019-02165-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AbstractRoadsides are major pathways of plant invasions in mountain regions. However, the increasing importance of tourism may also turn hiking trails into conduits of non-native plant spread to remote mountain landscapes. Here, we evaluated the importance of such trails for plant invasion in five protected mountain areas of southern central Chile. We therefore sampled native and non-native species along 17 trails and in the adjacent undisturbed vegetation. We analyzed whether the number and cover of non-native species in local plant assemblages is related to distance to trail and a number of additional variables that characterize the abiotic and biotic environment as well as the usage of the trail. We found that non-native species at higher elevations are a subset of the lowland source pool and that their number and cover decreases with increasing elevation and with distance to trails, although this latter variable only explained 4–8% of the variation in the data. In addition, non-native richness and cover were positively correlated with signs of livestock presence but negatively with the presence of intact forest vegetation. These results suggest that, at least in the region studied, hiking trails have indeed fostered non-native species spread to higher elevations, although less efficiently than roadsides. As a corollary, appropriate planning and management of trails could become increasingly important to control plant invasions into mountains in a world which is warming and where visitation and recreational use of mountainous areas is expected to increase.
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Abstract
Recreational ecology is an internationally evolving research field addressing the high demand for nature-based tourism and recreation, and its environmental impacts. This review aimed to analyze the research effort of recreational ecology studies published in four renowned journals in the field, the Journal of Sustainable Tourism, Tourism Management, the Journal of Environmental Management, and Environmental Management. Between 1976 and 2017, this review identified 145 papers focused on recreational ecology. The majority of research investigated the direct impacts of terrestrial activities in protected areas, in particular the impacts of walking and hiking on vegetation and trail conditions, and the impacts of wildlife viewing. A conceptual model was developed to describe the varied relationships between nature-based tourists and recreationists and the environment. Future research in recreational ecology should broaden its agenda to increase knowledge on indirect and long-term impacts; including on cryptic or less popular species; establish more specifically how the intensity of impacts depends on the amount of use other than in trampling studies; extend to other geographic areas such as developing countries, and nature-based spaces that are less protected and exposed to high visitation such as urban environments. Importantly, a much stronger focus needs to be on interdisciplinary approaches incorporating both environmental and social science techniques to determine ways of how visitor experiential needs can be reconciled with environmental conservation concerns in a rapidly increasing tourism and recreation economy.
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22
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Applying landscape structure analysis to assess the spatio-temporal distribution of an invasive legume in the Rhön UNESCO Biosphere Reserve. Biol Invasions 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-019-02012-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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Lázaro-Lobo A, Ervin GN. A global examination on the differential impacts of roadsides on native vs. exotic and weedy plant species. Glob Ecol Conserv 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2019.e00555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Lemke A, Kowarik I, Lippe M. How traffic facilitates population expansion of invasive species along roads: The case of common ragweed in Germany. J Appl Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Lemke
- Department of EcologyEcosystem Science/Plant EcologyTechnische Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB) Berlin Germany
| | - Ingo Kowarik
- Department of EcologyEcosystem Science/Plant EcologyTechnische Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB) Berlin Germany
| | - Moritz Lippe
- Department of EcologyEcosystem Science/Plant EcologyTechnische Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB) Berlin Germany
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25
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Bloom J, Dorsett P, McLennan V. Investigating employment following spinal cord injury: outcomes, methods, and population demographics. Disabil Rehabil 2018; 41:2359-2368. [DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2018.1467968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Bloom
- School of Human Services and Social Work, Griffith University, Meadowbrook, Queensland, Australia
- The Hopkins Centre: Research for Rehabilitation and Resilience Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Australia
| | - Pat Dorsett
- School of Human Services and Social Work, Griffith University, Meadowbrook, Queensland, Australia
- The Hopkins Centre: Research for Rehabilitation and Resilience Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Australia
| | - Vanette McLennan
- The Hopkins Centre: Research for Rehabilitation and Resilience Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Australia
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
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26
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Surveying the spatial distribution of feral sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) and its sympatry with johnsongrass (S. halepense) in South Texas. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195511. [PMID: 29698426 PMCID: PMC5919511 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) is an important grain and forage crop grown across the US. In some areas, sorghum can become feral along roadsides and other ruderal areas, as a result of seed spill during harvest or transport. In some of these situations, feral sorghum grows in or near established johnsongrass (S. halepense) populations. Johnsongrass, a wild relative of sorghum and an incredibly noxious weed, is capable of hybridizing with cultivated sorghum. Because commercial hybrid sorghum cultivars are produced with cytoplasmic male sterility, progeny of the hybrid crop which compose the founder feral populations also segregate for male sterility. Consequently, male sterility in feral sorghum may increase the risk of outcrossing with johnsongrass. Using field surveys and spatial modelling, the present study aimed at documenting the occurrence of feral sorghum and understanding the anthropogenic and environmental factors that influence its distribution. Further, this research documented the sympatry of feral sorghum and johnsongrass in the roadside habitat. A total of 2077 sites were visited during a systematic field survey conducted in fall 2014 in South Texas. Feral sorghum and johnsongrass were found in 360 and 939 sites, while the species co-existed at 48 sites (2.3% of all surveyed sites). The binary logistic analysis showed a significant association between the presence of feral sorghum and road type, road body-type, micro-topography of the sampling site, nearby land use, and the presence of johnsongrass, but no association with the distance to the nearest grain sorting facility. The probability of finding feral sorghum away from johnsongrass patches was generally higher than finding them co-occur in the same location. A probability map for spatial distribution of feral sorghum was developed using the nearby land use type and the regional habitat suitability for johnsongrass as two key predictors. Overall, results show that feral sorghum and johnsongrass co-occur at low frequencies in the roadside habitats of South Texas, but these low levels still present a significant opportunity for hybridization between the two species outside of cultivated fields.
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Bajwa AA, Nguyen T, Navie S, O'Donnell C, Adkins S. Weed seed spread and its prevention: The role of roadside wash down. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 208:8-14. [PMID: 29241067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Vehicles are one of the major vectors of long-distance weed seed spread. Viable seed removed from vehicles at roadside wash down facilities was studied at five locations in central Queensland, Australia over a 3-year period. Seed from 145 plant species, belonging to 34 different families, were identified in the sludge samples obtained from the wet particulate matter collection pit of the wash down facilities. Most of the species were annual forbs (50%) with small or very small seed size (<2 mm in diameter). A significant amount of seed from the highly invasive, parthenium weed was observed in these samples. More parthenium weed seed were found in the Rolleston facility and in the spring, but its seed was present in all facilities and in all seasons. The average number of viable seed found within every ton of dry particulate matter removed from vehicles was ca. 68,000. Thus, a typical wash down facility was removing up to ca. 335,000 viable seed from vehicles per week, of which ca. 6700 were parthenium weed seed. Furthermore, 61% of these seed (ca. 200,000) were from introduced species, and about half of these (35% of total) were from species considered to be weeds. Therefore, the roadside wash down facilities found throughout Queensland can remove a substantial amount of viable weed seed from vehicles, including the invasive parthenium weed, and the use of such facilities should be strongly encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ahsan Bajwa
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Thi Nguyen
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Sheldon Navie
- IVM Group Pty. Ltd., PO Box 545, Varsity Lakes, Queensland, Australia
| | - Chris O'Donnell
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Steve Adkins
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
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Brancatelli G, Zalba S. Vector analysis: a tool for preventing the introduction of invasive alien species into protected areas. NATURE CONSERVATION 2018. [DOI: 10.3897/natureconservation.24.20607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Sweet flowers are slow and weeds make haste: anthropogenic dispersal of plants via garden and construction soil. JOURNAL OF URBAN ECOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jue/juy004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Rojas-Sandoval J, Tremblay RL, Acevedo-Rodríguez P, Díaz-Soltero H. Invasive plant species in the West Indies: geographical, ecological, and floristic insights. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:4522-4533. [PMID: 28690783 PMCID: PMC5496547 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The level of invasion (number or proportion of invasive species) in a given area depends on features of the invaded community, propagule pressure, and climate. In this study, we assess the invasive flora of nine islands in the West Indies to identify invasion patterns and evaluate whether invasive species diversity is related to geographical, ecological, and socioeconomic factors. We compiled a database of invasive plant species including information on their taxonomy, origin, pathways of introduction, habitats, and life history. This database was used to evaluate the similarity of invasive floras between islands and to identify invasion patterns at regional (West Indies) and local (island) scales. We found a total of 516 alien plant species that are invasive on at least one of the nine islands studied, with between 24 to 306 invasive species per island. The invasive flora on these islands includes a wide range of taxonomic groups, life forms, and habitats. We detected low similarity in invasive species diversity between islands, with most invasive species (>60%) occurring on a single island and 6% occurring on at least five islands. To assess the importance of different models in predicting patterns of invasive species diversity among islands, we used generalized linear models. Our analyses revealed that invasive species diversity was well predicted by a combination of island area and economic development (gross domestic product per capita and kilometers of paved roadways). Our results provide strong evidence for the roles of geographical, ecological, and socioeconomic factors in determining the distribution and spread of invasive species on these islands. Anthropogenic disturbance and economic development seem to be the major drivers facilitating the spread and predominance of invasive species over native species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julissa Rojas-Sandoval
- Department of Botany National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution Washington DC USA
| | - Raymond L Tremblay
- Center for Applied Tropical Ecology and Conservation University of Puerto Rico San Juan PR USA
| | - Pedro Acevedo-Rodríguez
- Department of Botany National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution Washington DC USA
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Rauschert ESJ, Mortensen DA, Bloser SM. Human-mediated dispersal via rural road maintenance can move invasive propagules. Biol Invasions 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-017-1416-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Geng SL, Chen Q, Cai WL, Cao AC, Ou-Yang CB. Genetic variation in the invasive weed Mikania micrantha (Asteraceae) suggests highways as corridors for its dispersal in southern China. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2017; 119:457-464. [PMID: 28028017 PMCID: PMC5314642 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcw218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Roads as corridors of seed or fruit spatial dispersal have major impacts on the establishment and spread of invasive species, but their precise role in population genetic variation remains poorly understood. The South American weed Mikania micrantha has spread rapidly across southern China since its introduction to the Shenzhen area in 1984. This study investigated how its genetic diversity is distributed along highways, and whether highways have acted as corridors for the rapid expansion of M. micrantha METHODS: Twenty-seven roadside populations were sampled along four highways in southern China, and 787 samples were examined using 12 microsatellite markers. Variation in genetic diversity among populations was quantified and patterns of genetic differentiation were analysed. KEY RESULTS A high level of genetic diversity was found at both the species and the population levels in this self-incompatible plant (expected heterozygosity = 0·497 and 0·477, respectively; allelic richness = 2·580 and 2·521, respectively). The Wright F-statistic value among populations (0·044, P < 0·01) and the analysis of molecular variance (91 % of genetic variation residing within populations, 9 % among populations within highways and 0 % among the four highways) showed a relatively low level of genetic differentiation among populations, while the principal coordinate and cluster analyses also indicated a lack of clear geographical genetic structure among populations. The calculated Nm value of 5·5 signifies strong gene flow. CONCLUSIONS The pattern of genetic variation is consistent with facilitated dispersal along highways. The genetic admixtures among the roadside populations imply the occurrence of multiple population introductions during colonization. The long-distance dispersal of seeds associated with vehicular transportation on highways may have played important roles in shaping the genetic variation. This finding highlights the importance of highways as corridors for the spread of M. micrantha in southern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Lei Geng
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Quan Chen
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wen-Li Cai
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ao-Cheng Cao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Can-Bin Ou-Yang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
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Šumberová K, Ducháček M. Analysis of plant soil seed banks and seed dispersal vectors: Its potential and limits for forensic investigations. Forensic Sci Int 2017; 270:121-128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hardiman N, Dietz KC, Bride I, Passfield L. Pilot Testing of a Sampling Methodology for Assessing Seed Attachment Propensity and Transport Rate in a Soil Matrix Carried on Boot Soles and Bike Tires. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 59:68-76. [PMID: 27747366 PMCID: PMC5219006 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-016-0773-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Land managers of natural areas are under pressure to balance demands for increased recreation access with protection of the natural resource. Unintended dispersal of seeds by visitors to natural areas has high potential for weedy plant invasions, with initial seed attachment an important step in the dispersal process. Although walking and mountain biking are popular nature-based recreation activities, there are few studies quantifying propensity for seed attachment and transport rate on boot soles and none for bike tires. Attachment and transport rate can potentially be affected by a wide range of factors for which field testing can be time-consuming and expensive. We pilot tested a sampling methodology for measuring seed attachment and transport rate in a soil matrix carried on boot soles and bike tires traversing a known quantity and density of a seed analog (beads) over different distances and soil conditions. We found % attachment rate on boot soles was much lower overall than previously reported, but that boot soles had a higher propensity for seed attachment than bike tires in almost all conditions. We believe our methodology offers a cost-effective option for researchers seeking to manipulate and test effects of different influencing factors on these two dispersal vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigel Hardiman
- School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NZ, UK.
- Lincoln International Business School, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK.
| | | | - Ian Bride
- School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NZ, UK
| | - Louis Passfield
- School of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NZ, UK
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Abstract
Until now, nonnative plant species were rarely found at high elevations and latitudes. However, partly because of climate warming, biological invasions are now on the rise in these extremely cold environments. These plant invasions make it timely to undertake a thorough experimental assessment of what has previously been holding them back. This knowledge is key to developing efficient management of the increasing risks of cold-climate invasions. Here, we integrate human interventions (i.e., disturbance, nutrient addition, and propagule input) and climatic factors (i.e., temperature) into one seed-addition experiment across two continents: the subantarctic Andes and subarctic Scandinavian mountains (Scandes), to disentangle their roles in limiting or favoring plant invasions. Disturbance was found as the main determinant of plant invader success (i.e., establishment, growth, and flowering) along the entire cold-climate gradient, explaining 40-60% of the total variance in our models, with no indication of any facilitative effect from the native vegetation. Higher nutrient levels additionally stimulated biomass production and flowering. Establishment and flowering displayed a hump-shaped response with increasing elevation, suggesting that competition is the main limit on invader success at low elevations, as opposed to low-growing-season temperatures at high elevations. Our experiment showed, however, that nonnative plants can establish, grow, and flower well above their current elevational limits in high-latitude mountains. We thus argue that cold-climate ecosystems are likely to see rapid increases in plant invasions in the near future as a result of a synergistic interaction between increasing human-mediated disturbances and climate warming.
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Weiss F, Brummer TJ, Pufal G. Mountain bikes as seed dispersers and their potential socio-ecological consequences. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2016; 181:326-332. [PMID: 27379751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Seed dispersal critically influences plant community composition and species distributions. Increasingly, human mediated dispersal is acknowledged as important dispersal mechanism, but we are just beginning to understand the different vectors that might play a role. We assessed the role of mountain bikes as potential dispersal vectors and associated social-ecological consequences in areas of conservation concern near Freiburg, Germany. Seed attachment and detachment on a mountain bike were measured experimentally at distances from 0 to 500 m. We assessed effects of seed traits, weather conditions, riding distance and tire combinations using generalized linear mixed effect models. Most seeds detached from the mountain bike within the first 5-20 m. However, a small proportion of seeds remained on tires after 200-500 m. Attachment was higher, and the rate of detachment slower, in semi-wet conditions and lighter seeds travelled farther. Seed dispersal by mountain bikes was moderate compared to other forms of human mediated dispersal. However, we found that lighter seeds could attach to other bike parts and remain there until cleaning which, depending on riders' preferences, might only be after 70 km and in different habitats. Ecological impacts of mountain biking are growing with the popularity of the activity. We demonstrate that mountain bikes are effective seeds dispersers at landscape scales. Thus, management to mitigate their potential to spread non-native species is warranted. We suggest bike cleaning between rides, control of non-native species at trailheads and increased awareness for recreationalists in areas of conservation concern to mitigate the potential negative consequences of seed dispersal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Weiss
- Chair for Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Tennenbacher Str. 4, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tyler J Brummer
- Bioprotection Research Centre, PO Box 85084, Lincoln University, 7647, Canterbury, New Zealand
| | - Gesine Pufal
- Chair for Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Tennenbacher Str. 4, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
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Ansong M, Pickering C. The effects of seed traits and fabric type on the retention of seed on different types of clothing. Basic Appl Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bagavathiannan MV, Norsworthy JK. Multiple-Herbicide Resistance Is Widespread in Roadside Palmer Amaranth Populations. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148748. [PMID: 27071064 PMCID: PMC4829146 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbicide-resistant Palmer amaranth is a widespread issue in row-crop production in the Midsouthern US. Palmer amaranth is commonly found on roadside habitats in this region, but little is known on the degree of herbicide resistance in these populations. Herbicide resistance in roadside Palmer amaranth populations can represent the spread of an adaptive trait across a selective landscape. A large-scale survey was carried out in the Mississippi Delta region of eastern Arkansas to document the level of resistance in roadside Palmer amaranth populations to pyrithiobac and glyphosate, two important herbicides with broad history of use in the region. A total of 215 Palmer amaranth populations collected across 500 random survey sites were used in the evaluations. About 89 and 73% of the surveyed populations showed >90% survival to pyrithiobac and glyphosate, respectively. Further, only 3% of the populations were completely susceptible to glyphosate, while none of the populations was completely controlled by pyrithiobac. Among the 215 populations evaluated, 209 populations showed multiple resistance to both pyrithiobac and glyphosate at varying degrees. Dose-response assays confirmed the presence of high levels of herbicide resistance in the five selected populations (≥ 25-fold compared to a susceptible standard). Results demonstrate the prevalence of multiple-herbicide resistance in roadside Palmer amaranth populations in this region. Growers should be vigilant of Palmer amaranth infestation in roadsides adjacent to their fields and implement appropriate control measures to prevent likely spread of herbicide resistance into their fields.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jason K. Norsworthy
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
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Ballantyne M, Pickering CM. The impacts of trail infrastructure on vegetation and soils: Current literature and future directions. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2015; 164:53-64. [PMID: 26342267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Reflecting the popularity of nature-based activities such as hiking and mountain biking, there are thousands of kilometres of recreational trails worldwide traversing a range of natural areas. These trails have environmental impacts on soils and vegetation, but where has there been research, what impacts have been found and how were they measured? Using a systematic quantitative literature review methodology, we assessed the impacts of trails on vegetation and soils, highlighting what is known, but also key knowledge gaps. Of the 59 original research papers identified on this topic that have been published in English language peer-reviewed academic journals, most were for research conducted in protected areas (71%), with few from developing countries (17%) or threatened ecosystems (14%). The research is concentrated in a few habitats and biodiversity hotspots, mainly temperate woodland, alpine grassland and Mediterranean habitats, often in the USA (32%) or Australia (20%). Most examined formal trails, with just 15% examining informal trails and 11% assessing both types. Nearly all papers report the results of observational surveys (90%), collecting quantitative data (66%) with 24% using geographic information systems. There was an emphasis on assessing trail impacts at a local scale, either on the trail itself and/or over short gradients away from the trail edge. Many assessed changes in composition and to some degree, structure, of vegetation and soils with the most common impacts documented including reduced vegetation cover, changes in plant species composition, trail widening, soil loss and soil compaction. There were 14 papers assessing how these local impacts can accumulate at the landscape scale. Few papers assessed differences in impacts among trails (7 papers), changes in impacts over time (4), species-specific responses (3) and only one assessed effects on plant community functioning. This review provides evidence that there are key research gaps including assessing informal trails, comparing trail types, landscape and temporal scale impacts, functional responses and impacts on threatened ecosystems/species. A more diverse geographic spread of research is also required including in regions experiencing rapid growth in tourism and recreation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Ballantyne
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia.
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Ansong M, Pickering C. What's a Weed? Knowledge, Attitude and Behaviour of Park Visitors about Weeds. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135026. [PMID: 26252004 PMCID: PMC4529315 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Weeds are a major threat to biodiversity globally degrading natural areas of high conservation value. But what are our attitudes about weeds and their management including weeds in national parks? Do we know what a weed is? Do we consider weeds a problem? Do we support their management? Are we unintentionally spreading weeds in parks? To answer these questions, we surveyed visitors entering a large popular national park near the city of Brisbane, Australia. Park visitors were knowledgeable about weeds; with >75% correctly defining weeds as ‘plants that grow where they are not wanted’. About 10% of the visitors, however, provided their own sophisticated definitions. This capacity to define weeds did not vary with people’s age, sex or level of education. We constructed a scale measuring visitors’ overall concern about weeds in parks using the responses to ten Likert scale statements. Over 85% of visitors were concerned about weeds with older visitors, hikers, and those who could correctly define weeds more concerned than their counterparts. The majority think visitors unintentionally introduce seeds into parks, with many (63%) having found seeds on their own clothing. However, over a third disposed of these seeds in ways that could facilitate weed spread. Therefore, although most visitors were knowledgeable and concerned about weeds, and support their control, there is a clear need for more effective communication regarding the risk of visitors unintentionally dispersing weed seeds in parks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ansong
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Catherine Pickering
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
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Rankin BL, Ballantyne M, Pickering CM. Tourism and recreation listed as a threat for a wide diversity of vascular plants: a continental scale review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2015; 154:293-298. [PMID: 25748596 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Tourism and recreation are diverse and popular activities. They may also contribute to the risk of extinction for some plants because of the range and severity of their impacts, including in protected areas: but which species, where and how? To evaluate the extent to which tourism and recreation may be threatening process for plants, we conducted a continental level review of listed threats to endangered vascular plants using data from Australia. Of the 659 vascular plant species listed as critically endangered or endangered by the Australian Government, tourism and recreation were listed as a threat(s) for 42%. This is more than those listed as threatened by climate change (26%) and close to the proportion listed as threatened by altered fire regimes (47%). There are plant species with tourism and recreation listed threats in all States and Territories and from all but one bioregion in Australia. Although more than 45 plant families have species with tourism and recreation listed as threats, orchids were the most common species listed as at risk from these threats (90 species). The most common types of threats listed were visitors collecting plants in protected areas (113 species), trampling by hikers and others (84 species), damage from recreational vehicles (59 species) and road infrastructure (39 species). Despite the frequency with which tourism and recreation were listed as threats in Australia, research quantifying these threats and methods to ameliorate their impacts are still limited. Although this lack of information contributes to the challenge of managing tourism and recreation, impacts from visitors will often be easier to manage within natural areas than those from larger scale threats such as altered fire regimes and climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Luke Rankin
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Mark Ballantyne
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Catherine Marina Pickering
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia.
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Ansong M, Pickering C, Arthur JM. Modelling seed retention curves for eight weed species on clothing. AUSTRAL ECOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ansong
- Environmental Futures Research Institute; Griffith University; Gold Coast Queensland 4222 Australia
| | - Catherine Pickering
- Environmental Futures Research Institute; Griffith University; Gold Coast Queensland 4222 Australia
| | - James Michael Arthur
- Australian Rivers Institute; Griffith University; Gold Coast Queensland Australia
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Barros A, Monz C, Pickering C. Is tourism damaging ecosystems in the Andes? Current knowledge and an agenda for future research. AMBIO 2015; 44:82-98. [PMID: 25201299 PMCID: PMC4329127 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-014-0550-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite the popularity of tourism and recreation in the Andes in South America and the regions conservation value, there is limited research on the ecological impacts of these types of anthropogenic use. Using a systematic quantitative literature review method, we found 47 recreation ecology studies from the Andes, 25 of which used an experimental design. Most of these were from the Southern Andes in Argentina (13 studies) or Chile (eight studies) with only four studies from the Northern Andes. These studies documented a range of impacts on vegetation, birds and mammals; including changes in plant species richness, composition and vegetation cover and the tolerance of wildlife of visitor use. There was little research on the impacts of visitors on soils and aquatic systems and for some ecoregions in the Andes. We identify research priorities across the region that will enhance management strategies to minimise visitor impacts in Andean ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustina Barros
- Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University Gold Coast, Nathan, QLD, 4222, Australia,
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Ansong M, Pickering C. Weed seeds on clothing: a global review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2014; 144:203-211. [PMID: 24956465 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Weeds are a major threat to biodiversity including in areas of high conservation value. Unfortunately, people may be unintentionally introducing and dispersing weed seeds on their clothing when they visit these areas. To inform the management of these areas, we conducted a systematic quantitative literature review to determine the diversity and characteristics of species with seeds that can attach and be dispersed from clothing. Across 21 studies identified from systematic literature searches on this topic, seeds from 449 species have been recorded on clothing, more than double the diversity found in a previous review. Nearly all of them, 391 species, are listed weeds in one or more countries, with 58 classified as internationally-recognised environmental weeds. When our database was compared with weed lists from different countries and continents we found that clothing can carry the seeds of important regional weeds. A total of 287 of the species are listed as aliens in one or more countries in Europe, 156 are invasive species/noxious weeds in North America, 211 are naturalized alien plants in Australia, 97 are alien species in India, 33 are invasive species in China and 5 are declared weeds/invaders in South Africa. Seeds on the clothing of hikers can be carried to an average distance of 13 km, and where people travel in cars, trains, planes and boats, the seeds on their clothing can be carried much further. Factors that affect this type of seed dispersal include the type of clothing, the type of material the clothing is made from, the number and location of the seeds on plants, and seed traits such as adhesive and attachment structures. With increasing use of protected areas by tourists, including in remote regions, popular protected areas may be at great risk of biological invasions by weeds with seeds carried on clothing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ansong
- Environmental Futures Centre, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia.
| | - Catherine Pickering
- Environmental Futures Centre, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia
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Affiliation(s)
- Alistair G. Auffret
- Landscape Ecology; Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology; Stockholm University; Stockholm 106 91 Sweden
| | - Johan Berg
- Department of Human Geography; Stockholm University; Stockholm 106 91 Sweden
| | - Sara A.O. Cousins
- Landscape Ecology; Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology; Stockholm University; Stockholm 106 91 Sweden
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