1
|
Frank C, Kraeutner SN, Rieger M, Boe SG. Learning motor actions via imagery-perceptual or motor learning? PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2024; 88:1820-1832. [PMID: 36680584 PMCID: PMC11315805 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-022-01787-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
It is well accepted that repeatedly imagining oneself acting without any overt behavior can lead to learning. The prominent theory accounting for why imagery practice is effective, motor simulation theory, posits that imagined action and overt action are functionally equivalent, the exception being activation of the end effector. If, as motor simulation theory states, one can compile the goal, plan, motor program and outcome of an action during imagined action similar to overt action, then learning of novel skills via imagery should proceed in a manner equivalent to that of overt action. While the evidence on motor simulation theory is both plentiful and diverse, it does not explicitly account for differences in neural and behavioural findings between imagined and overt action. In this position paper, we briefly review theoretical accounts to date and present a perceptual-cognitive theory that accounts for often observed outcomes of imagery practice. We suggest that learning by way of imagery reflects perceptual-cognitive scaffolding, and that this 'perceptual' learning transfers into 'motor' learning (or not) depending on various factors. Based on this theory, we characterize consistently reported learning effects that occur with imagery practice, against the background of well-known physical practice effects and show that perceptual-cognitive scaffolding is well-suited to explain what is being learnt during imagery practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Frank
- Department of Sports and Movement Science, School of Educational and Cultural Studies, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany.
| | - Sarah N Kraeutner
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Martina Rieger
- Institute for Psychology, UMIT Tirol - Private University for Health Sciences and Health Technology, Hall in Tyrol, Austria
| | - Shaun G Boe
- Laboratory for Brain Recovery and Function, School of Physiotherapy, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, School of Health and Human Performance, Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fernandes SR, Callejón-Leblic MA, Ferreira HA. How does the electric field induced by tDCS influence motor-related connectivity? Model-guided perspectives. Phys Med Biol 2024; 69:055007. [PMID: 38266295 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad222d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Over the last decade, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been applied not only to modulate local cortical activation, but also to address communication between functionally-related brain areas. Stimulation protocols based on simple two-electrode placements are being replaced by multi-electrode montages to target intra- and inter-hemispheric neural networks using multichannel/high definition paradigms.Objective. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of electric field (EF) patterns originated by tDCS experiments addressing changes in functional brain connectivity.Methods. A previous selection of tDCS experimental studies aiming to modulate motor-related connectivity in health and disease was conducted. Simulations of the EF induced in the cortex were then performed for each protocol selected. The EF magnitude and orientation are determined and analysed in motor-related cortical regions for five different head models to account for inter-subject variability. Functional connectivity outcomes obtained are qualitatively analysed at the light of the simulated EF and protocol characteristics, such as electrode position, number and stimulation dosing.Main findings. The EF magnitude and orientation predicted by computational models can be related with the ability of tDCS to modulate brain functional connectivity. Regional differences in EF distributions across subjects can inform electrode placements more susceptible to inter-subject variability in terms of brain connectivity-related outcomes.Significance. Neuronal facilitation/inhibition induced by tDCS fields may indirectly influence intra and inter-hemispheric connectivity by modulating neural components of motor-related networks. Optimization of tDCS using computational models is essential for adequate dosing delivery in specific networks related to clinically relevant connectivity outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Rita Fernandes
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Amparo Callejón-Leblic
- Oticon Medical, Madrid, Spain
- Grupo de Ingeniería Biomédica, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
- Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Hugo Alexandre Ferreira
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Breault MS, Sacré P, Fitzgerald ZB, Gale JT, Cullen KE, González-Martínez JA, Sarma SV. Internal states as a source of subject-dependent movement variability are represented by large-scale brain networks. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7837. [PMID: 38030611 PMCID: PMC10687170 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43257-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans' ability to adapt and learn relies on reflecting on past performance. These experiences form latent representations called internal states that induce movement variability that improves how we interact with our environment. Our study uncovered temporal dynamics and neural substrates of two states from ten subjects implanted with intracranial depth electrodes while they performed a goal-directed motor task with physical perturbations. We identified two internal states using state-space models: one tracking past errors and the other past perturbations. These states influenced reaction times and speed errors, revealing how subjects strategize from trial history. Using local field potentials from over 100 brain regions, we found large-scale brain networks such as the dorsal attention and default mode network modulate visuospatial attention based on recent performance and environmental feedback. Notably, these networks were more prominent in higher-performing subjects, emphasizing their role in improving motor performance by regulating movement variability through internal states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Macauley Smith Breault
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Pierre Sacré
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, School of Engineering, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Zachary B Fitzgerald
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Kathleen E Cullen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Sridevi V Sarma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dos Anjos T, Guillot A, Kerautret Y, Daligault S, Di Rienzo F. Corticomotor Plasticity Underlying Priming Effects of Motor Imagery on Force Performance. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12111537. [PMID: 36421861 PMCID: PMC9688534 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12111537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurophysiological processes underlying the priming effects of motor imagery (MI) on force performance remain poorly understood. Here, we tested whether the priming effects of embedded MI practice involved short-term changes in corticomotor connectivity. In a within-subjects counterbalanced experimental design, participants (n = 20) underwent a series of experimental sessions consisting of successive maximal isometric contractions of elbow flexor muscles. During inter-trial rest periods, we administered MI, action observation (AO), and a control passive recovery condition. We collected electromyograms (EMG) from both agonists and antagonists of the force task, in addition to electroencephalographic (EEG) brain potentials during force trials. Force output was higher during MI compared to AO and control conditions (both p < 0.01), although fatigability was similar across experimental conditions. We also found a weaker relationship between triceps brachii activation and force output during MI and AO compared to the control condition. Imaginary coherence topographies of alpha (8−12 Hz) oscillations revealed increased connectivity between EEG sensors from central scalp regions and EMG signals from agonists during MI, compared to AO and control. Present results suggest that the priming effects of MI on force performance are mediated by a more efficient cortical drive to motor units yielding reduced agonist/antagonist coactivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Typhanie Dos Anjos
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Univ Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, EA 7424, CEDEX, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
- Allyane, 84 quai Joseph Gillet, 69004 Lyon, France
| | - Aymeric Guillot
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Univ Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, EA 7424, CEDEX, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, F-75000 Paris, France
| | - Yann Kerautret
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Univ Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, EA 7424, CEDEX, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
- CAPSIX, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sébastien Daligault
- Centre de Recherche Multimodal et Pluridisciplinaire en Imagerie du Vivant (CERMEP), Department of Magnetoencephalography, F-69500 Bron, France
| | - Franck Di Rienzo
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Univ Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, EA 7424, CEDEX, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)4-7243-1625
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wilson A, Stevens WD, Sergio L, Wojtowicz M. Altered Brain Functional Connectivity in Female Athletes Over the Course of a Season of Collision or Contact Sports. Neurotrauma Rep 2022; 3:377-387. [PMID: 36204391 PMCID: PMC9531888 DOI: 10.1089/neur.2022.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
University athletes are exposed to numerous impacts to the body and head, though the potential cumulative effects of such hits remain elusive. This study examined resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of brain networks in female varsity athletes over the course of a season. Nineteen female university athletes involved in collision (N = 12) and contact (N = 7) sports underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging scans at both pre- and post-season. A group-level independent component analysis (ICA) was used to investigate differences in rsFC over the course of a season and differences between contact and collision sport athletes. Decreased rsFC was observed over the course of the season between the default mode network (DMN) and regions in the frontal, parietal, and occipital lobe (p false discovery rate, ≤0.05) driven by differences in the contact group. There was also a main effect of group in the dorsal attention network (DAN) driven by differences between contact and collision groups at pre-season. Differences identified over the course of a season of play indicate largely decreased rsFC within the DMN, and level of contact was associated with differences in rsFC of the DAN. The association between exposure to repetitive head impacts (RHIs) and observed changes in network rsFC supplements the growing literature suggesting that even non-concussed athletes may be at risk for changes in brain functioning. However, the complexity of examining the direct effects of RHIs highlights the need to consider multiple factors, including mental health and sport-specific training and expertise, that may potentially be associated with neural changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alyssia Wilson
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - W. Dale Stevens
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lauren Sergio
- School of Kinesiology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Stefano Filho CA, Attux RRDF, Castellano G. Motor imagery practice and feedback effects on functional connectivity. J Neural Eng 2021; 18:066048. [PMID: 34933292 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac456d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
- Objective: the use of motor imagery (MI) in motor rehabilitation protocols has been increasingly investigated as a potential technique for enhancing traditional treatments, yielding better clinical outcomes. However, since MI performance can be challenging, practice is usually required. This demands appropriate training, actively engaging the MI-related brain areas, consequently enabling the user to properly benefit from it. The role of feedback is central for MI practice. Yet, assessing which underlying neural changes are feedback-specific or purely due to MI practice is still a challenging effort, mainly due to the difficulty in isolating their contributions. In this work, we aimed to assess functional connectivity (FC) changes following MI practice that are either extrinsic or specific to feedback. APPROACH to achieve this, we investigated FC, using graph theory, in electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, during MI performance and at resting-state (rs), respectively. Thirty healthy subjects were divided into three groups, receiving no feedback (control), "false" feedback (sham) or actual neurofeedback (active). Participants underwent 12 to 13 hands-MI EEG sessions and pre- and post-MI training fMRI exams. MAIN RESULTS following MI practice, control participants presented significant increases in degree and in eigenvector centrality for occipital nodes at rs-fMRI scans, whereas sham-feedback produced similar effects, but to a lesser extent. Therefore, MI practice, by itself, seems to stimulate visual information processing mechanisms that become apparent during basal brain activity. Additionally, only the active group displayed decreases in inter-subject FC patterns, both during MI performance and at rs-fMRI. SIGNIFICANCE hence, actual neurofeedback impacted FC by disrupting common inter-subject patterns, suggesting that subject-specific neural plasticity mechanisms become important. Future studies should consider this when designing experimental NFBT protocols and analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Romis Ribeiro de Faisol Attux
- Laboratory of Signal Processing for Communications, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Campinas, Laboratório de Processamento de Sinais para Comunicações, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-852, BRAZIL
| | - Gabriela Castellano
- Department of Cosmic Rays and Chronology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Institute of Physics Gleb Wataghin, R. Sérgio Buarque de Holanda, nº 777, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP, 13083-859, BRAZIL
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Debarnot U, Di Rienzo F, Daligault S, Schwartz S. Motor Imagery Training During Arm Immobilization Prevents Corticomotor Idling: An EEG Resting-State Analysis. Brain Topogr 2020; 33:327-335. [PMID: 32221707 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-020-00763-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Limb disuse causes overt, measurable alterations in motor functions. Motor imagery (MI) practice has been used as a behavioral strategy to prevent motor impairments due to limb disuse or immobilization. Yet, how MI operates at the neural level in the context of short-term limb immobilization remains understudied. We hypothesized that MI treatment applied during 12 h of arm immobilization prevents immobilization-related changes in resting-state electroencephalographic (rsEEG) power and functional connectivity. Fourteen participants first underwent rsEEG after 12 h of normal motor activity (without immobilization). Then, rsEEG recording was performed after 12 h of arm immobilization either with MI treatment or without, each condition separated by 1 week, according to a randomized within-subjects design. MI treatment consisted in performing varied visual and kinaesthetic MI exercises (5 sessions of 15 min every two hours). The results showed that in the delta, theta, alpha and beta frequency bands, interhemispheric difference in sensors power over the motor cortex (i.e. C3 vs. C4) was reduced after arm immobilization, while it did not change when MI treatment was delivered during the immobilization period. Moreover, functional connectivity across the sensors-network in the delta (1-4 Hz) and alpha (8-12 Hz) frequency bands decreased after immobilization while it was restored by MI treatment. To conclude, MI counteracts functional neural changes within and between motor regions in the context of limb immobilization. Practical applications for motor rehabilitation strategies, particularly in stroke patients, are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Debarnot
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology-EA 7424, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Franck Di Rienzo
- Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology-EA 7424, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Sophie Schwartz
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Maternal Fluoxetine Exposure Alters Cortical Hemodynamic and Calcium Response of Offspring to Somatosensory Stimuli. eNeuro 2019; 6:ENEURO.0238-19.2019. [PMID: 31843753 PMCID: PMC6978917 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0238-19.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have found an increased incidence of neurodevelopmental disorders in populations prenatally exposed to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Optical imaging provides a minimally invasive way to determine if perinatal SSRI exposure has long-term effects on cortical function. Herein we probed the functional neuroimaging effects of perinatal SSRI exposure in a fluoxetine (FLX)-exposed mouse model. Epidemiological studies have found an increased incidence of neurodevelopmental disorders in populations prenatally exposed to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Optical imaging provides a minimally invasive way to determine if perinatal SSRI exposure has long-term effects on cortical function. Herein we probed the functional neuroimaging effects of perinatal SSRI exposure in a fluoxetine (FLX)-exposed mouse model. While resting-state homotopic contralateral functional connectivity was unperturbed, the evoked cortical response to forepaw stimulation was altered in FLX mice. The stimulated cortex showed decreased activity for FLX versus controls, by both hemodynamic responses [oxyhemoglobin (HbO2)] and neuronal calcium responses (Thy1-GCaMP6f fluorescence). Significant alterations in both cortical HbO2 and calcium response amplitude were seen in the cortex ipsilateral to the stimulated paw in FLX as compared to controls. The cortical regions of largest difference in activation between FLX and controls also were consistent between HbO2 and calcium contrasts at the end of stimulation. Taken together, these results suggest a global loss of response signal amplitude in FLX versus controls. These findings indicate that perinatal SSRI exposure has long-term consequences on somatosensory cortical responses.
Collapse
|
9
|
Nierhaus T, Vidaurre C, Sannelli C, Mueller K, Villringer A. Immediate brain plasticity after one hour of brain–computer interface (BCI). J Physiol 2019; 599:2435-2451. [DOI: 10.1113/jp278118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Till Nierhaus
- Department of Neurology Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig Germany
- Neurocomputation and Neuroimaging Unit (NNU), Department of Education and Psychology Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Carmen Vidaurre
- Machine Learning Group EE & Computer Science Faculty TU‐Berlin Germany
- Department Statistics, Informatics and Mathematics Public University of Navarra Spain
| | - Claudia Sannelli
- Machine Learning Group EE & Computer Science Faculty TU‐Berlin Germany
| | - Klaus‐Robert Mueller
- Machine Learning Group EE & Computer Science Faculty TU‐Berlin Germany
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering Korea University Anam‐dong Seongbuk‐gu Seoul 02841 Korea
- Max Planck Institute for Informatics Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of Neurology Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig Germany
- MindBrainBody Institute at Berlin School of Mind and Brain Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Humboldt‐University Berlin Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Brandwayn N, Restrepo D, Marcela Martinez-Martinez A, Acevedo-Triana C. Effect of fine and gross motor training or motor imagery, delivered via novel or routine modes, on cognitive function. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-ADULT 2019; 27:450-467. [PMID: 30806078 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2019.1566133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
There is extensive literature linking motor activity to cognitive effects at various stages in life, promoting both development and the reduction of aging associated pathologies. It is unclear whether the benefits of this activity on the cognitive level are associated with brain functions that are necessary for their performance or recurrence of activity or type of activity itself. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the type of motor activity (fine, gross, and motor imagery) in two modes (novel and routine) can affect cognitive functions such as attention, executive functions, and praxis in college students. A 2 × 3 factorial design with repeated measures was used without a control group and pre- and post-training evaluation. Fifty-three young people (14 men and 39 women) participated, with mean age of 18.94 years (SD = 1.61 years) and were divided into six groups. Each of the groups performed relevant training 20 minutes per day for five days depending on the group. Measures were taken pre and post-training for attention tests, attention span, working memory, visual constructive skills, procedural memory, and motor skills. The results show a "learning effect" from the exposure to the tests in measurements after training. It was also found that between groups, there is a difference in some of the variables of procedural memory (number of errors) and working memory. More extensive training could better reflect the effects of the training, and longitudinal evaluation could show the rate of change of functions. The main clinical implication could be the evaluation of training programs for recovery and motor training in cerebral plasticity having effect on the cognitive aspects.
Collapse
|
11
|
Lee D, Jang C, Park HJ. Neurofeedback learning for mental practice rather than repetitive practice improves neural pattern consistency and functional network efficiency in the subsequent mental motor execution. Neuroimage 2018; 188:680-693. [PMID: 30599191 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
During brain modulation, repeated mental practice may not always result in efficient learning. Particularly, the effectiveness of mental motor practice depends on how well one induces neural activity in a desired state consistently across mental trials, which calls for feedbacks to adjust one's performance. We hypothesized that even a brief experience of neurofeedback learning enhances trial-by-trial neural pattern consistency during subsequent mental motor execution and that this experience would change recruitment of functional connectivity in the motor imagery and default mode networks. To test this hypothesis, we conducted an experiment with two sessions of mental motor practice before and after a neurofeedback training session, in which participants conducted four types of first-person mental motor execution tasks (walking forward, turning left, turning right, and touching a tree). During the neurofeedback training session, in which participants conducted a virtual navigation game, 10 experimental participants received real-time fMRI neuro-feedbacks, while 10 control participants simply repeated the same mental task according to given cues without feedbacks. The experimental group showed significantly higher effects of neuro-feedback training on trial-by-trial consistencies and classification accuracies of activated neural patterns than the control group. Task-performing global node strength and network efficiency were increased in the motor imagery network but decreased in the default mode network only in the experimental group. These results demonstrate that even a brief experience of feedback learning is more effective than simple practice repetitions without evaluation, which was reflected in increased neural pattern consistency and task-dependent functional connectivity during a mental motor execution task.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongha Lee
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Systems and Translational Brain Sciences, Institute of Human Complexity and Systems Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Changwon Jang
- BK21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Jeong Park
- Center for Systems and Translational Brain Sciences, Institute of Human Complexity and Systems Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; BK21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Cognitive Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Callow N, Edwards MG, Jones AL, Hardy L, Connell S. Action dual tasks reveal differential effects of visual imagery perspectives on motor performance. Q J Exp Psychol (Hove) 2018; 72:1401-1411. [PMID: 30352540 DOI: 10.1177/1747021818811464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Imagery research has identified two main visual perspectives, external visual imagery (EVI, third person) and internal visual imagery (IVI, first person). Based upon findings from brain imaging literature showing that different neural substrates are recruited for IVI and EVI perspectives, and that IVI activates motor system brain areas, we hypothesised that a concurrent action dual task would cause greater interference in performance for IVI than EVI. In a first experiment, participants were allocated to either an IVI or an EVI group, and were tasked with moving an onscreen marker towards a target in three blocked conditions: imagery, imagery with a concurrent motor dual-task of sequencing, and a math control. An interaction between imagery group and condition was driven by greater root mean square error for participants in the dual-task condition in the IVI group compared with the EVI group. We replicated the experiment with an eye-tracking objective measure of IVI; the results again showed that participants in the IVI group made more errors in motor movements, and an interference effect in eye movements, during the dual-task sequencing condition compared with the EVI group. The results of the two experiments reveal that a secondary motor task does interfere with IVI, providing behavioural evidence that IVI appears to rely on motor system processes more than EVI. These results have important implications for the use of visual imagery perspectives across a number of domains, with this paper being an essential reference for those conducting visual imagery perspectives research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nichola Callow
- 1 Institute for the Psychology of Elite Performance, School of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - Martin Gareth Edwards
- 2 Institut de Recherches en Sciences Psychologiques, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Alex Lee Jones
- 3 Department of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Lew Hardy
- 1 Institute for the Psychology of Elite Performance, School of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - Stephanie Connell
- 1 Institute for the Psychology of Elite Performance, School of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lin CHJ, Yang HC, Knowlton BJ, Wu AD, Iacoboni M, Ye YL, Huang SL, Chiang MC. Contextual interference enhances motor learning through increased resting brain connectivity during memory consolidation. Neuroimage 2018; 181:1-15. [PMID: 29966717 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.06.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing contextual interference (CI) during practice benefits learning, making it a desirable difficulty. For example, interleaved practice (IP) of motor sequences is generally more difficult than repetitive practice (RP) during practice but leads to better learning. Here we investigated whether CI in practice modulated resting-state functional connectivity during consolidation. 26 healthy adults (11 men/15 women, age = 23.3 ± 1.3 years) practiced two sets of three sequences in an IP or RP condition over 2 days, followed by a retention test on Day 5 to evaluate learning. On each practice day, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were acquired during practice and also in a resting state immediately after practice. The resting-state fMRI data were processed using independent component analysis (ICA) followed by functional connectivity analysis, showing that IP on Day 1 led to greater resting connectivity than RP between the left premotor cortex and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), bilateral posterior cingulate cortices, and bilateral inferior parietal lobules. Moreover, greater resting connectivity after IP than RP on Day 1, between the left premotor cortex and the hippocampus, amygdala, putamen, and thalamus on the right, and the cerebellum, was associated with better learning following IP. Mediation analysis further showed that the association between enhanced resting premotor-hippocampal connectivity on Day 1 and better retention performance following IP was mediated by greater task-related functional activation during IP on Day 2. Our findings suggest that the benefit of CI to motor learning is likely through enhanced resting premotor connectivity during the early phase of consolidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Ho Janice Lin
- Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan; Yeong-An Orthopedic and Physical Therapy Clinic, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
| | - Ho-Ching Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
| | - Barbara J Knowlton
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Allan D Wu
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Marco Iacoboni
- Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Yu-Ling Ye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, 613, Taiwan.
| | - Shin-Leh Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Chang Chiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mary A, Wens V, Op de Beeck M, Leproult R, De Tiège X, Peigneux P. Resting-state Functional Connectivity is an Age-dependent Predictor of Motor Learning Abilities. Cereb Cortex 2018; 27:4923-4932. [PMID: 27655931 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This magnetoencephalography study investigates how ageing modulates the relationship between pre-learning resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) and subsequent learning. Neuromagnetic resting-state activity was recorded 5 min before motor sequence learning in 14 young (19-30 years) and 14 old (66-70 years) participants. We used a seed-based beta-band power envelope correlation approach to estimate rsFC maps, with the seed located in the right primary sensorimotor cortex. In each age group, the relation between individual rsFC and learning performance was investigated using Pearson's correlation analyses. Our results show that rsFC is predictive of subsequent motor sequence learning but involves different cross-network interactions in the two age groups. In young adults, decreased coupling between the sensorimotor network and the cortico-striato-cerebellar network is associated with better motor learning, whereas a similar relation is found in old adults between the sensorimotor, the dorsal-attentional and the DMNs. Additionally, age-related correlational differences were found in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, known to subtend attentional and controlled processes. These findings suggest that motor skill learning depends-in an age-dependent manner-on subtle interactions between resting-state networks subtending motor activity on the one hand, and controlled and attentional processes on the other hand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alison Mary
- UR2NF - Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Unit at CRCN - Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels 1050, Belgium.,UNI - ULB Neurosciences Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Vincent Wens
- UNI - ULB Neurosciences Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels 1070, Belgium.,LCFC - Laboratoire de Cartographie fonctionnelle du Cerveau and MEG Unit, ULB-Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Marc Op de Beeck
- UNI - ULB Neurosciences Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels 1070, Belgium.,LCFC - Laboratoire de Cartographie fonctionnelle du Cerveau and MEG Unit, ULB-Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Rachel Leproult
- UR2NF - Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Unit at CRCN - Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels 1050, Belgium.,UNI - ULB Neurosciences Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Xavier De Tiège
- UNI - ULB Neurosciences Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels 1070, Belgium.,LCFC - Laboratoire de Cartographie fonctionnelle du Cerveau and MEG Unit, ULB-Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Philippe Peigneux
- UR2NF - Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Unit at CRCN - Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels 1050, Belgium.,UNI - ULB Neurosciences Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels 1070, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Solesio-Jofre E, Beets IAM, Woolley DG, Pauwels L, Chalavi S, Mantini D, Swinnen SP. Age-Dependent Modulations of Resting State Connectivity Following Motor Practice. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:25. [PMID: 29467646 PMCID: PMC5808218 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent work in young adults has demonstrated that motor learning can modulate resting state functional connectivity. However, evidence for older adults is scarce. Here, we investigated whether learning a bimanual tracking task modulates resting state functional connectivity of both inter- and intra-hemispheric regions differentially in young and older individuals, and whether this has behavioral relevance. Both age groups learned a set of complex bimanual tracking task variants over a 2-week training period. Resting-state and task-related functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were collected before and after training. Our analyses revealed that both young and older adults reached considerable performance gains. Older adults even obtained larger training-induced improvements relative to baseline, but their overall performance levels were lower than in young adults. Short-term practice resulted in a modulation of resting state functional connectivity, leading to connectivity increases in young adults, but connectivity decreases in older adults. This pattern of age differences occurred for both inter- and intra-hemispheric connections related to the motor network. Additionally, long-term training-induced increases were observed in intra-hemispheric connectivity in the right hemisphere across both age groups. Overall, at the individual level, the long-term changes in inter-hemispheric connectivity correlated with training-induced motor improvement. Our findings confirm that short-term task practice shapes spontaneous brain activity differentially in young and older individuals. Importantly, the association between changes in resting state functional connectivity and improvements in motor performance at the individual level may be indicative of how training shapes the short-term functional reorganization of the resting state motor network for improvement of behavioral performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Solesio-Jofre
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iseult A M Beets
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daniel G Woolley
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lisa Pauwels
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sima Chalavi
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dante Mantini
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stephan P Swinnen
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience and Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Saiote C, Tacchino A, Brichetto G, Roccatagliata L, Bommarito G, Cordano C, Battaglia M, Mancardi GL, Inglese M. Resting-state functional connectivity and motor imagery brain activation. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 37:3847-3857. [PMID: 27273577 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Motor imagery (MI) relies on the mental simulation of an action without any overt motor execution (ME), and can facilitate motor learning and enhance the effect of rehabilitation in patients with neurological conditions. While functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during MI and ME reveals shared cortical representations, the role and functional relevance of the resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) of brain regions involved in MI is yet unknown. Here, we performed resting-state fMRI followed by fMRI during ME and MI with the dominant hand. We used a behavioral chronometry test to measure ME and MI movement duration and compute an index of performance (IP). Then, we analyzed the voxel-matched correlation between the individual MI parameter estimates and seed-based RSFC maps in the MI network to measure the correspondence between RSFC and MI fMRI activation. We found that inter-individual differences in intrinsic connectivity in the MI network predicted several clusters of activation. Taken together, present findings provide first evidence that RSFC within the MI network is predictive of the activation of MI brain regions, including those associated with behavioral performance, thus suggesting a role for RSFC in obtaining a deeper understanding of neural substrates of MI and of MI ability. Hum Brain Mapp 37:3847-3857, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Saiote
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York
| | - Andrea Tacchino
- Scientific Research Area, Italian MS Foundation (FISM), Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Luca Roccatagliata
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), and Neuroradiology Department, IRCCS San Martino University Hospital and IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giulia Bommarito
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Christian Cordano
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mario Battaglia
- Scientific Research Area, Italian MS Foundation (FISM), Genoa, Italy.,Department of Physiopathology, Experimental Medicine and Public Health, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luigi Mancardi
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Matilde Inglese
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York. .,Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. .,Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York. .,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chan JSY, Wang Y, Yan JH, Chen H. Developmental implications of children's brain networks and learning. Rev Neurosci 2018; 27:713-727. [PMID: 27362958 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2016-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The human brain works as a synergistic system where information exchanges between functional neuronal networks. Rudimentary networks are observed in the brain during infancy. In recent years, the question of how functional networks develop and mature in children has been a hotly discussed topic. In this review, we examined the developmental characteristics of functional networks and the impacts of skill training on children's brains. We first focused on the general rules of brain network development and on the typical and atypical development of children's brain networks. After that, we highlighted the essentials of neural plasticity and the effects of learning on brain network development. We also discussed two important theoretical and practical concerns in brain network training. Finally, we concluded by presenting the significance of network training in typically and atypically developed brains.
Collapse
|
18
|
Grosprêtre S, Jacquet T, Lebon F, Papaxanthis C, Martin A. Neural mechanisms of strength increase after one-week motor imagery training. Eur J Sport Sci 2017; 18:209-218. [DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2017.1415377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sidney Grosprêtre
- EA4660-C3S Laboratory – Culture, Sport, Health and Society, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Thomas Jacquet
- Cognition, Action and Sensorimotor Plasticity (CAPS), INSERM UMR1093, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Florent Lebon
- Cognition, Action and Sensorimotor Plasticity (CAPS), INSERM UMR1093, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Charalambos Papaxanthis
- Cognition, Action and Sensorimotor Plasticity (CAPS), INSERM UMR1093, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Alain Martin
- Cognition, Action and Sensorimotor Plasticity (CAPS), INSERM UMR1093, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Thibes RB, Novaes NP, Lucato LT, Campanholo KR, Melo LM, Leite CC, Amaro E, Barbosa ER, Bor-Seng-Shu E, Cardoso EF, Sato JR. Altered Functional Connectivity Between Precuneus and Motor Systems in Parkinson's Disease Patients. Brain Connect 2017; 7:643-647. [DOI: 10.1089/brain.2017.0534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Raíssa Benocci Thibes
- Center for Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natalia P. Novaes
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Neurology of HCFMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro T. Lucato
- LIM44, Department of Radiology of HCFMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kenia R. Campanholo
- LIM44, Department of Radiology of HCFMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciano M. Melo
- Department of Neurology of HCFMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudia C. Leite
- LIM44, Department of Radiology of HCFMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edson Amaro
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
- LIM44, Department of Radiology of HCFMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Egberto Reis Barbosa
- Department of Neurosurgery of HCFMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edson Bor-Seng-Shu
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ellison Fernando Cardoso
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
- LIM44, Department of Radiology of HCFMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Ricardo Sato
- Center for Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), São Paulo, Brazil
- LIM44, Department of Radiology of HCFMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Makary MM, Seulgi E. Self-regulation of primary motor cortex activity with motor imagery induces functional connectivity modulation: A real-time fMRI neurofeedback study. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2017; 2017:4147-4150. [PMID: 29060810 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2017.8037769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Recent developments in data acquisition of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have led to rapid preprocessing and analysis of brain activity in a quasireal-time basis, what so called real-time fMRI neurofeedback (rtfMRI-NFB). This information is fed back to subjects allowing them to gain a voluntary control over their own region-specific brain activity. Forty-one healthy participants were randomized into an experimental (NFB) group, who received a feedback directly proportional to their brain activity from the primary motor cortex (M1), and a control (CTRL) group who received a sham feedback. The M1 ROI was functionally localized during motor execution and imagery tasks. A resting-state functional run was performed before and after the neurofeedback training to investigate the default mode network (DMN) modulation after training. The NFB group revealed increased DMN functional connectivity after training to the cortical and subcortical sensory/motor areas (M1/S1 and caudate nucleus, respectively), which may be associated with sensorimotor processing of learning in the resting state. These results show that motor imagery training through rtfMRI-NFB could modulate the DMN functional connectivity to motor-related areas, suggesting that this modulation potentially subserved the establishment of motor learning in the NFB group.
Collapse
|
21
|
Weis S, Hodgetts S, Hausmann M. Sex differences and menstrual cycle effects in cognitive and sensory resting state networks. Brain Cogn 2017; 131:66-73. [PMID: 29030069 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
It has not yet been established if resting state (RS) connectivity reflects stable characteristics of the brain, or if it is modulated by the psychological and/or physiological state of the participant. Based on research demonstrating sex hormonal effects in task-related brain activity, the present study aimed to investigate corresponding differences in RS networks. RS functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (RS fMRI) was conducted in women during three different menstrual cycle phases, while men underwent three repeated RS fMRI testing sessions. Independent component analysis was used to identify the default mode network (DMN) and an auditory RS network. For the DMN, RS connectivity was stable across testing sessions in men, but varied across the menstrual cycle in women. For the auditory network (AN), retest reliable sex difference was found. Although RS activity in the DMN has been interpreted as trait characteristic of functional brain organization, these findings suggest that RS activity in networks involving frontal areas might be less stable than in sensory-based networks and can dynamically fluctuate. This also implies that some of the previously reported effects of sex hormones on task-related activity might to some extent be mediated by cycle-related fluctuations in RS activity, especially when frontal areas are involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Weis
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain & Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Department of Psychology, Durham University, UK; Durham University Neuroimaging Centre (DUNIC), UK.
| | - Sophie Hodgetts
- Department of Psychology, Durham University, UK; Durham University Neuroimaging Centre (DUNIC), UK
| | - Markus Hausmann
- Department of Psychology, Durham University, UK; Durham University Neuroimaging Centre (DUNIC), UK
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Frank C, Schack T. The Representation of Motor (Inter)action, States of Action, and Learning: Three Perspectives on Motor Learning by Way of Imagery and Execution. Front Psychol 2017; 8:678. [PMID: 28588510 PMCID: PMC5440750 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Learning in intelligent systems is a result of direct and indirect interaction with the environment. While humans can learn by way of different states of (inter)action such as the execution or the imagery of an action, their unique potential to induce brain- and mind-related changes in the motor action system is still being debated. The systematic repetition of different states of action (e.g., physical and/or mental practice) and their contribution to the learning of complex motor actions has traditionally been approached by way of performance improvements. More recently, approaches highlighting the role of action representation in the learning of complex motor actions have evolved and may provide additional insight into the learning process. In the present perspective paper, we build on brain-related findings and sketch recent research on learning by way of imagery and execution from a hierarchical, perceptual-cognitive approach to motor control and learning. These findings provide insights into the learning of intelligent systems from a perceptual-cognitive, representation-based perspective and as such add to our current understanding of action representation in memory and its changes with practice. Future research should build bridges between approaches in order to more thoroughly understand functional changes throughout the learning process and to facilitate motor learning, which may have particular importance for cognitive systems research in robotics, rehabilitation, and sports.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Frank
- Neurocognition and Action – Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, Bielefeld UniversityBielefeld, Germany
- Cognitive Interaction Technology – Cluster of Excellence, Bielefeld UniversityBielefeld, Germany
| | - Thomas Schack
- Neurocognition and Action – Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, Bielefeld UniversityBielefeld, Germany
- Cognitive Interaction Technology – Cluster of Excellence, Bielefeld UniversityBielefeld, Germany
- Research Institute for Cognition and Robotics (CoR-Lab), Bielefeld UniversityBielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
van de Ven V, Rotarska Jagiela A, Oertel-Knöchel V, Linden DEJ. Reduced intrinsic visual cortical connectivity is associated with impaired perceptual closure in schizophrenia. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2017; 15:45-52. [PMID: 28480163 PMCID: PMC5407639 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Sensory perceptual processing deficits, such as impaired visual object identification and perceptual closure, have been reported in schizophrenia. These perceptual impairments may be associated with neural deficits in visual association areas, including lateral occipital cortex and inferior temporal areas. However, it remains unknown if such deficits can be found in the intrinsic architecture of the visual system. In the current study, we measured perceptual closure performance and resting-state functional connectivity using functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) in 16 schizophrenia patients and 16 matched healthy controls. We estimated intrinsic functional connectivity using self-organized grouping spatial ICA, which clusters component maps in the subject space according to spatial similarity. Patients performed worse than controls in the perceptual closure task. This impaired closure performance of patients was correlated with increased severity of psychotic symptoms. We also found that intrinsic connectivity of the visual processing system was diminished in patients compared to controls. Lower perceptual closure performance was correlated to lower visual cortical intrinsic connectivity overall. We suggest that schizophrenia is associated with impaired intrinsic connectivity of the visual system, and that it is a potential mechanism leading to impaired visual object perception. These findings contribute to increasing evidence for impairments of higher visual functions in schizophrenia. We found reduced visual resting-state network connectivity in schizophrenia. Reduced connectivity correlated with impaired perceptual closure performance Schizophrenia is associated with impaired intrinsic connectivity of the visual system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent van de Ven
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.
| | - Anna Rotarska Jagiela
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main 60528, Germany
| | - Viola Oertel-Knöchel
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main 60528, Germany
| | - David E J Linden
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Alluri V, Toiviainen P, Burunat I, Kliuchko M, Vuust P, Brattico E. Connectivity patterns during music listening: Evidence for action-based processing in musicians. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:2955-2970. [PMID: 28349620 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Musical expertise is visible both in the morphology and functionality of the brain. Recent research indicates that functional integration between multi-sensory, somato-motor, default-mode (DMN), and salience (SN) networks of the brain differentiates musicians from non-musicians during resting state. Here, we aimed at determining whether brain networks differentially exchange information in musicians as opposed to non-musicians during naturalistic music listening. Whole-brain graph-theory analyses were performed on participants' fMRI responses. Group-level differences revealed that musicians' primary hubs comprised cerebral and cerebellar sensorimotor regions whereas non-musicians' dominant hubs encompassed DMN-related regions. Community structure analyses of the key hubs revealed greater integration of motor and somatosensory homunculi representing the upper limbs and torso in musicians. Furthermore, musicians who started training at an earlier age exhibited greater centrality in the auditory cortex, and areas related to top-down processes, attention, emotion, somatosensory processing, and non-verbal processing of speech. We here reveal how brain networks organize themselves in a naturalistic music listening situation wherein musicians automatically engage neural networks that are action-based while non-musicians use those that are perception-based to process an incoming auditory stream. Hum Brain Mapp 38:2955-2970, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinoo Alluri
- Department of Music, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Petri Toiviainen
- Department of Music, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Iballa Burunat
- Department of Music, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Marina Kliuchko
- Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter Vuust
- Center for Music in the Brain (MIB), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University & Royal Academy of Music Aarhus/Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Elvira Brattico
- Center for Music in the Brain (MIB), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University & Royal Academy of Music Aarhus/Aalborg, Denmark.,Advanced Magnetic Imaging (AMI) Centre, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
O'Shea H, Moran A. Does Motor Simulation Theory Explain the Cognitive Mechanisms Underlying Motor Imagery? A Critical Review. Front Hum Neurosci 2017; 11:72. [PMID: 28261079 PMCID: PMC5313484 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Motor simulation theory (MST; Jeannerod, 2001) purports to explain how various action-related cognitive states relate to actual motor execution. Specifically, it proposes that motor imagery (MI; imagining an action without executing the movements involved) shares certain mental representations and mechanisms with action execution, and hence, activates similar neural pathways to those elicited during the latter process. Furthermore, MST postulates that MI works by rehearsing neural motor systems off-line via a hypothetical simulation process. In this paper, we review evidence cited in support of MST and evaluate its efficacy in understanding the cognitive mechanisms underlying MI. In doing so, we delineate the precise postulates of simulation theory and clarify relevant terminology. Based on our cognitive-level analysis, we argue firstly that the psychological mechanisms underlying MI are poorly understood and require additional conceptual and empirical analysis. In addition, we identify a number of potentially fruitful lines of inquiry for future investigators of MST and MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen O'Shea
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aidan Moran
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Influence of age and cognitive performance on resting-state brain networks of older adults in a population-based cohort. Cortex 2017; 89:28-44. [PMID: 28192723 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Aging leads to global changes in brain structure and cognitive performance, with reorganization of functional brain networks. Importantly, these age-related changes show higher inter-individual variability in older subjects. To particularly address this variability is a challenge for studies on lifetime trajectories from early to late adulthood. The present study therefore had a dedicated focus on late adulthood to characterize the functional connectivity in resting-state networks (RSFC) in relation to age and cognitive performance in 711 older adults (55-85 years) from the 1000BRAINS project. The executive, left and right frontoparietal resting-state (RS) networks showed age-related increases in RSFC. However, older adults did not show changes in RSFC in the default mode network (DMN). Furthermore, lower performance in working memory (WM) was associated with higher RSFC in the left frontoparietal RS network. The results suggest age-related compensatory increases in RSFC which might help to maintain cognitive performance. Nevertheless, the negative correlation between RSFC and WM performance hints at limited cognitive reserve capacity in lower performing older adults. Consequently, the current results provide evidence for a functional reorganization of the brain until late adulthood that might additionally explain parts of the variability of cognitive abilities in older adults.
Collapse
|
27
|
Yao WX, Jiang Z, Li J, Jiang C, Franlin CG, Lancaster JL, Huang Y, Yue GH. Brain Functional Connectivity Is Different during Voluntary Concentric and Eccentric Muscle Contraction. Front Physiol 2016; 7:521. [PMID: 27895590 PMCID: PMC5108928 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies report greater activation in the cortical motor network in controlling eccentric contraction (EC) than concentric contraction (CC) of human skeletal muscles despite lower activation level of the muscle associated with EC. It is unknown, however, whether the strength of functional coupling between the primary motor cortex (M1) and other involved areas in the brain differs as voluntary movements are controlled by a network of regions in the primary, secondary and association cortices. Examining fMRI-based functional connectivity (FC) offers an opportunity to measure strength of such coupling. To address the question, we examined functional MRI (fMRI) data acquired during EC and CC (20 contractions each with similar movement distance and speed) of the right first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle in 11 young (20-32 years) and healthy individuals and estimated FC between the M1 and a number of cortical regions in the motor control network. The major findings from the mechanical and fMRI-based FC analysis were that (1) no significant differences were seen in movement distance, speed and stability between the EC and CC; (2) significantly stronger mean FC was found for CC than EC. Our finding provides novel insights for a better understanding of the control mechanisms underlying voluntary movements produced by EC and CC. The finding is potentially helpful for guiding the development of targeted sport training and/or therapeutic programs for performance enhancement and injury prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan X Yao
- Department of Kinesiology, Health, and Nutrition, University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Zhiguo Jiang
- Human Performance and Engineering Research, Kessler Foundation West Orange, NJ, USA
| | - Jinqi Li
- Research Imaging Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Changhao Jiang
- Beijing Key Lab of Physical Fitness Evaluation and Tech Analysis, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports Beijing, China
| | - Crystal G Franlin
- Research Imaging Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jack L Lancaster
- Research Imaging Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Yufei Huang
- Department of Kinesiology, Health, and Nutrition, University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Guang H Yue
- Human Performance and Engineering Research, Kessler Foundation West Orange, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Muraskin J, Dodhia S, Lieberman G, Garcia JO, Verstynen T, Vettel JM, Sherwin J, Sajda P. Brain dynamics of post-task resting state are influenced by expertise: Insights from baseball players. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 37:4454-4471. [PMID: 27448098 PMCID: PMC5113676 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Post‐task resting state dynamics can be viewed as a task‐driven state where behavioral performance is improved through endogenous, non‐explicit learning. Tasks that have intrinsic value for individuals are hypothesized to produce post‐task resting state dynamics that promote learning. We measured simultaneous fMRI/EEG and DTI in Division‐1 collegiate baseball players and compared to a group of controls, examining differences in both functional and structural connectivity. Participants performed a surrogate baseball pitch Go/No‐Go task before a resting state scan, and we compared post‐task resting state connectivity using a seed‐based analysis from the supplementary motor area (SMA), an area whose activity discriminated players and controls in our previous results using this task. Although both groups were equally trained on the task, the experts showed differential activity in their post‐task resting state consistent with motor learning. Specifically, we found (1) differences in bilateral SMA–L Insula functional connectivity between experts and controls that may reflect group differences in motor learning, (2) differences in BOLD‐alpha oscillation correlations between groups suggests variability in modulatory attention in the post‐task state, and (3) group differences between BOLD‐beta oscillations that may indicate cognitive processing of motor inhibition. Structural connectivity analysis identified group differences in portions of the functionally derived network, suggesting that functional differences may also partially arise from variability in the underlying white matter pathways. Generally, we find that brain dynamics in the post‐task resting state differ as a function of subject expertise and potentially result from differences in both functional and structural connectivity. Hum Brain Mapp 37:4454–4471, 2016. © 2016 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Muraskin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Sonam Dodhia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Gregory Lieberman
- U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Human Research and Engineering Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen, Maryland.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Javier O Garcia
- U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Human Research and Engineering Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen, Maryland
| | - Timothy Verstynen
- Department of Psychology and Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jean M Vettel
- U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Human Research and Engineering Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen, Maryland.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
| | - Jason Sherwin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Paul Sajda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Im H, Ku J, Kim HJ, Kang YJ. Virtual Reality-Guided Motor Imagery Increases Corticomotor Excitability in Healthy Volunteers and Stroke Patients. Ann Rehabil Med 2016; 40:420-31. [PMID: 27446778 PMCID: PMC4951360 DOI: 10.5535/arm.2016.40.3.420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effects of using motor imagery (MI) in combination with a virtual reality (VR) program on healthy volunteers and stroke patients. In addition, this study investigated whether task variability within the VR-guided MI programs would influence corticomotor excitability. Methods The present study included 15 stroke patients and 15 healthy right-handed volunteers who were presented with four different conditions in a random order: rest, MI alone, VR-guided MI, and VR-guided MI with task variability. The corticomotor excitability of each participant was assessed before, during, and after each condition by measuring changes in the various parameters of motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) of the extensor carpi radials (ECR). Changes in intracortical inhibition (ICI) and intracortical facilitation (ICF) were calculated after each condition as percentages of inhibition (%INH) and facilitation (%FAC) at rest. Results In both groups, the increases in MEP amplitudes were greater during the two VR-guided MI conditions than during MI alone. Additionally, the reductions in ECR %INH in both groups were greater under the condition involving VR-guided MI with task variability than under that involving VR-guided MI with regular interval. Conclusion The corticomotor excitability elicited by MI using a VR avatar representation was greater than that elicited by MI with real body observations. Furthermore, the use of task variability in a VR program may enhance neural regeneration after stroke by reducing ICI. The present findings support the use of various VR programs as well as the concept of combining MI with VR programs for neurorehabilitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyungjun Im
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Eulji Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeunghun Ku
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Eulji Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youn Joo Kang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Eulji Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Di Rienzo F, Debarnot U, Daligault S, Saruco E, Delpuech C, Doyon J, Collet C, Guillot A. Online and Offline Performance Gains Following Motor Imagery Practice: A Comprehensive Review of Behavioral and Neuroimaging Studies. Front Hum Neurosci 2016; 10:315. [PMID: 27445755 PMCID: PMC4923126 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is now compelling evidence that motor imagery (MI) promotes motor learning. While MI has been shown to influence the early stages of the learning process, recent data revealed that sleep also contributes to the consolidation of the memory trace. How such "online" and "offline" processes take place and how they interact to impact the neural underpinnings of movements has received little attention. The aim of the present review is twofold: (i) providing an overview of recent applied and fundamental studies investigating the effects of MI practice (MIP) on motor learning; and (ii) detangling applied and fundamental findings in support of a sleep contribution to motor consolidation after MIP. We conclude with an integrative approach of online and offline learning resulting from intense MIP in healthy participants, and underline research avenues in the motor learning/clinical domains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franck Di Rienzo
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Ursula Debarnot
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1Villeurbanne, France; Laboratoire de Neurologie et d'Imagerie Cognitive, Université de GenèveGeneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Elodie Saruco
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Claude Delpuech
- INSERM U821, Département MEG, CERMEP Imagerie Du Vivant Bron, France
| | - Julien Doyon
- Unité de Neuroimagerie Fonctionnelle, Département de Psychologie, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Université de Montréal Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Christian Collet
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Aymeric Guillot
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1Villeurbanne, France; Institut Universitaire de FranceParis, France
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Increased resting state connectivity between ipsilesional motor cortex and contralesional premotor cortex after transcranial direct current stimulation with physical therapy. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23271. [PMID: 26980052 PMCID: PMC4793190 DOI: 10.1038/srep23271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive stimulation of the brain using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) during motor rehabilitation can improve the recovery of movements in individuals with stroke. However, the neural substrates that underlie the clinical improvements are not well understood. In this proof-of-principle open-label pilot study, five individuals with stroke received 10 sessions of tDCS while undergoing usual care physical/occupational therapy for the arm and hand. Motor impairment as indexed by the Upper Extremity Fugl Meyer assessment was significantly reduced after the intervention. Resting state fMRI connectivity increased between ipsilesional motor cortex and contralesional premotor cortex after the intervention. These findings provide preliminary evidence that the neural underpinnings of tDCS coupled with rehabilitation exercises, may be mediated by interactions between motor and premotor cortex. The latter, of which has been shown to play an important role in the recovery of movements post-stroke. Our data suggest premotor cortex could be tested as a target region for non-invasive brain-stimulation to enhance connectivity between regions that might be beneficial for stroke motor recovery.
Collapse
|
32
|
Sato JR, Biazoli CE, Salum GA, Gadelha A, Crossley N, Satterthwaite TD, Vieira G, Zugman A, Picon FA, Pan PM, Hoexter MQ, Anés M, Moura LM, Del'aquilla MAG, Amaro E, McGuire P, Lacerda AL, Rohde LA, Miguel EC, Jackowski AP, Bressan RA. Temporal stability of network centrality in control and default mode networks: Specific associations with externalizing psychopathology in children and adolescents. Hum Brain Mapp 2015; 36:4926-37. [PMID: 26350757 PMCID: PMC6868942 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal connectivity patterns have frequently been reported as involved in pathological mental states. However, most studies focus on "static," stationary patterns of connectivity, which may miss crucial biological information. Recent methodological advances have allowed the investigation of dynamic functional connectivity patterns that describe non-stationary properties of brain networks. Here, we introduce a novel graphical measure of dynamic connectivity, called time-varying eigenvector centrality (tv-EVC). In a sample 655 children and adolescents (7-15 years old) from the Brazilian "High Risk Cohort Study for Psychiatric Disorders" who were imaged using resting-state fMRI, we used this measure to investigate age effects in the temporal in control and default-mode networks (CN/DMN). Using support vector regression, we propose a network maturation index based on the temporal stability of tv-EVC. Moreover, we investigated whether the network maturation is associated with the overall presence of behavioral and emotional problems with the Child Behavior Checklist. As hypothesized, we found that the tv-EVC at each node of CN/DMN become more stable with increasing age (P < 0.001 for all nodes). In addition, the maturity index for this particular network is indeed associated with general psychopathology in children assessed by the total score of Child Behavior Checklist (P = 0.027). Moreover, immaturity of the network was mainly correlated with externalizing behavior dimensions. Taken together, these results suggest that changes in functional network dynamics during neurodevelopment may provide unique insights regarding pathophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João Ricardo Sato
- Center of Mathematics, Computation and CognitionUniversidade Federal Do ABCSanto AndreBrazil
- Interdisciplinary Lab for Clinical Neurosciences (LiNC)Universidade Federal De Sao Paulo (UNIFESP)Sao PauloBrazil
- Department of Radiology, School of MedicineUniversity of Sao PauloSão PauloBrazil
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPqSão PauloBrazil
| | - Claudinei Eduardo Biazoli
- Center of Mathematics, Computation and CognitionUniversidade Federal Do ABCSanto AndreBrazil
- Department of Radiology, School of MedicineUniversity of Sao PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Giovanni Abrahão Salum
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPqSão PauloBrazil
- Department of PsychiatryFederal University of Rio Grande Do SulPorto AlegreBrazil
| | - Ary Gadelha
- Interdisciplinary Lab for Clinical Neurosciences (LiNC)Universidade Federal De Sao Paulo (UNIFESP)Sao PauloBrazil
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPqSão PauloBrazil
| | - Nicolas Crossley
- Institute of Psychiatry, King's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Theodore D. Satterthwaite
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPennsylvania
| | - Gilson Vieira
- Department of Radiology, School of MedicineUniversity of Sao PauloSão PauloBrazil
- Bioinformatics ProgramInstitute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sao PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - André Zugman
- Interdisciplinary Lab for Clinical Neurosciences (LiNC)Universidade Federal De Sao Paulo (UNIFESP)Sao PauloBrazil
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPqSão PauloBrazil
| | - Felipe Almeida Picon
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPqSão PauloBrazil
- Department of PsychiatryFederal University of Rio Grande Do SulPorto AlegreBrazil
| | - Pedro Mario Pan
- Interdisciplinary Lab for Clinical Neurosciences (LiNC)Universidade Federal De Sao Paulo (UNIFESP)Sao PauloBrazil
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPqSão PauloBrazil
| | - Marcelo Queiroz Hoexter
- Interdisciplinary Lab for Clinical Neurosciences (LiNC)Universidade Federal De Sao Paulo (UNIFESP)Sao PauloBrazil
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPqSão PauloBrazil
- Department of PsychiatrySchool of Medicine, University of Sao PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Mauricio Anés
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPqSão PauloBrazil
- Department of PsychiatryFederal University of Rio Grande Do SulPorto AlegreBrazil
| | - Luciana Monteiro Moura
- Interdisciplinary Lab for Clinical Neurosciences (LiNC)Universidade Federal De Sao Paulo (UNIFESP)Sao PauloBrazil
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPqSão PauloBrazil
| | - Marco Antonio Gomes Del'aquilla
- Interdisciplinary Lab for Clinical Neurosciences (LiNC)Universidade Federal De Sao Paulo (UNIFESP)Sao PauloBrazil
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPqSão PauloBrazil
| | - Edson Amaro
- Department of Radiology, School of MedicineUniversity of Sao PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Philip McGuire
- Institute of Psychiatry, King's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Acioly L.T. Lacerda
- Interdisciplinary Lab for Clinical Neurosciences (LiNC)Universidade Federal De Sao Paulo (UNIFESP)Sao PauloBrazil
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPqSão PauloBrazil
| | - Luis Augusto Rohde
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPqSão PauloBrazil
- Department of PsychiatryFederal University of Rio Grande Do SulPorto AlegreBrazil
| | - Euripedes Constantino Miguel
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPqSão PauloBrazil
- Department of PsychiatrySchool of Medicine, University of Sao PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Andrea Parolin Jackowski
- Interdisciplinary Lab for Clinical Neurosciences (LiNC)Universidade Federal De Sao Paulo (UNIFESP)Sao PauloBrazil
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPqSão PauloBrazil
| | - Rodrigo Affonseca Bressan
- Interdisciplinary Lab for Clinical Neurosciences (LiNC)Universidade Federal De Sao Paulo (UNIFESP)Sao PauloBrazil
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPqSão PauloBrazil
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kusano T, Kurashige H, Nambu I, Moriguchi Y, Hanakawa T, Wada Y, Osu R. Resting-state brain activity in the motor cortex reflects task-induced activity: A multi-voxel pattern analysis. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2015; 2015:4290-4293. [PMID: 26737243 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2015.7319343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
It has been suggested that resting-state brain activity reflects task-induced brain activity patterns. In this study, we examined whether neural representations of specific movements can be observed in the resting-state brain activity patterns of motor areas. First, we defined two regions of interest (ROIs) to examine brain activity associated with two different behavioral tasks. Using multi-voxel pattern analysis with regularized logistic regression, we designed a decoder to detect voxel-level neural representations corresponding to the tasks in each ROI. Next, we applied the decoder to resting-state brain activity. We found that the decoder discriminated resting-state neural activity with accuracy comparable to that associated with task-induced neural activity. The distribution of learned weighted parameters for each ROI was similar for resting-state and task-induced activities. Large weighted parameters were mainly located on conjunctive areas. Moreover, the accuracy of detection was higher than that for a decoder whose weights were randomly shuffled, indicating that the resting-state brain activity includes multi-voxel patterns similar to the neural representation for the tasks. Therefore, these results suggest that the neural representation of resting-state brain activity is more finely organized and more complex than conventionally considered.
Collapse
|
34
|
Avanzino L, Gueugneau N, Bisio A, Ruggeri P, Papaxanthis C, Bove M. Motor cortical plasticity induced by motor learning through mental practice. Front Behav Neurosci 2015; 9:105. [PMID: 25972791 PMCID: PMC4412065 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several investigations suggest that actual and mental actions trigger similar neural substrates. Motor learning via physical practice results in long-term potentiation (LTP)-like plasticity processes, namely potentiation of M1 and a temporary occlusion of additional LTP-like plasticity. However, whether this neuroplasticity process contributes to improve motor performance through mental practice remains to be determined. Here, we tested skill learning-dependent changes in primary motor cortex (M1) excitability and plasticity by means of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in subjects trained to physically execute or mentally perform a sequence of finger opposition movements. Before and after physical practice and motor-imagery practice, M1 excitability was evaluated by measuring the input-output (IO) curve of motor evoked potentials. M1 LTP and long-term depression (LTD)-like plasticity was assessed with paired-associative stimulation (PAS) of the median nerve and motor cortex using an interstimulus interval of 25 ms (PAS25) or 10 ms (PAS10), respectively. We found that even if after both practice sessions subjects significantly improved their movement speed, M1 excitability and plasticity were differentially influenced by the two practice sessions. First, we observed an increase in the slope of IO curve after physical but not after MI practice. Second, there was a reversal of the PAS25 effect from LTP-like plasticity to LTD-like plasticity following physical and MI practice. Third, LTD-like plasticity (PAS10 protocol) increased after physical practice, whilst it was occluded after MI practice. In conclusion, we demonstrated that MI practice lead to the development of neuroplasticity, as it affected the PAS25- and PAS10- induced plasticity in M1. These results, expanding the current knowledge on how MI training shapes M1 plasticity, might have a potential impact in rehabilitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Avanzino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology, University of Genoa Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicolas Gueugneau
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology, University of Genoa Genoa, Italy ; Université de Bourgogne, Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives Dijon, France ; Laboratoire Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 1093, Cognition, Action et Plasticité Sensorimotrice, Université de Bourgogne Dijon, France
| | - Ambra Bisio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology, University of Genoa Genoa, Italy
| | - Piero Ruggeri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology, University of Genoa Genoa, Italy
| | - Charalambos Papaxanthis
- Université de Bourgogne, Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives Dijon, France ; Laboratoire Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 1093, Cognition, Action et Plasticité Sensorimotrice, Université de Bourgogne Dijon, France
| | - Marco Bove
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology, University of Genoa Genoa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|