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Luo X, Xie X, Zhang L, Shi Y, Fu B, Yuan L, Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Ke W, Yang B. Uncovering the mechanisms of host mitochondrial cardiolipin release in syphilis: Insights from human microvascular endothelial cells. Int J Med Microbiol 2024; 316:151627. [PMID: 38908301 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The release of host mitochondrial cardiolipin is believed to be the main factor that contributes to the production of anti-cardiolipin antibodies in syphilis. However, the precise mechanism by which mitochondria release cardiolipin in this context remains elusive. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying mitochondrial cardiolipin release in syphilis. We conducted a cardiolipin quantitative assay and immunofluorescence analysis to detect mitochondrial cardiolipin release in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1), with and without Treponema pallidum (Tp) infection. Furthermore, we explored apoptosis, a key mechanism for mitochondrial cardiolipin release. The potential mediator molecules were then analyzed through RNA-sequence and subsequently validated using in vitro knockout techniques mediated by CRISPR-Cas9 and pathway-specific inhibitors. Our findings confirm that live-Tp is capable of initiating the release of mitochondrial cardiolipin, whereas inactivated-Tp does not exhibit this capability. Additionally, apoptosis detection further supports the notion that the release of mitochondrial cardiolipin occurs independently of apoptosis. The RNA-sequencing results indicated that microtubule-associated protein2 (MAP2), an axonogenesis and dendrite development gene, was up-regulated in HMEC-1 treated with Tp, which was further confirmed in syphilitic lesions by immunofluorescence. Notably, genetic knockout of MAP2 inhibited Tp-induced mitochondrial cardiolipin release in HMEC-1. Mechanically, Tp-infection regulated MAP2 expression via the MEK-ERK-HES1 pathway, and MEK/ERK phosphorylation inhibitors effectively block Tp-induced mitochondrial cardiolipin release. This study demonstrated that the infection of live-Tp enhanced the expression of MAP2 via the MEK-ERK-HES1 pathway, thereby contributing to our understanding of the role of anti-cardiolipin antibodies in the diagnosis of syphilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Luo
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaoyuan Xie
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China; The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Litian Zhang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yanqiang Shi
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Bo Fu
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Liyan Yuan
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yinbo Jiang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Wujian Ke
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Bin Yang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.
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2
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Ayoub M, Faris C, Juranovic T, Chela H, Daglilar E. The Use of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Does Not Increase the Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: A U.S.-Based Cohort Study. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1625. [PMID: 38730578 PMCID: PMC11082986 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND GLP-1 RAs are widely used for T2DM treatment due to their cardiorenal and metabolic benefits. This study examines the risk of pancreatic cancer with GLP-1 RA use in patients with T2DM. METHODS We analyzed TriNetX's deidentified research database using the U.S. Collaborative Network comprising 62 healthcare organizations across the U.S.A. Patients with T2DM were split into two cohorts: one receiving GLP-1 RAs, and one not receiving GLP-1 RAs. We excluded patients with known risk factors for pancreatic cancer, including pancreatic cysts, a personal or family history of BRCA1, BRCA2, CDKN2A, KRAS, MEN1, MLH1, MSH2, NOTCH1, PALB2, PMS2, and PRSS1S genes, family history of pancreatic cancer, and VHL syndrome. Using a 1:1 propensity score-matching model based on baseline characteristics and comorbidities, we created comparable cohorts. We then compared the rate of pancreatic cancer between the two cohorts at a 7-year interval. RESULTS Out of 7,146,015 identified patients with T2DM, 10.3% were on a GLP-1 RA and 89.7% were not. Post-PSM, 721,110 patients were in each group. Patients on GLP-1 RAs had a 0.1% risk compared to a 0.2% risk of pancreatic cancer in the 7-year timeframe. CONCLUSION The use of GLP-1 RAs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) does not appear to substantially elevate the risk of pancreatic cancer; in fact, it may potentially exert a protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Ayoub
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charleston Area Medical Center, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV 25304, USA;
| | - Carol Faris
- Department of General Surgery, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA;
| | - Tajana Juranovic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charleston Area Medical Center, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV 25304, USA;
| | - Harleen Chela
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Charleston Area Medical Center, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV 25304, USA
| | - Ebubekir Daglilar
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Charleston Area Medical Center, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV 25304, USA
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3
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Wei X, Rigopoulos A, Lienhard M, Pöhle-Kronawitter S, Kotsaris G, Franke J, Berndt N, Mejedo JO, Wu H, Börno S, Timmermann B, Murgai A, Glauben R, Stricker S. Neurofibromin 1 controls metabolic balance and Notch-dependent quiescence of murine juvenile myogenic progenitors. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1393. [PMID: 38360927 PMCID: PMC10869796 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45618-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients affected by neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) frequently show muscle weakness with unknown etiology. Here we show that, in mice, Neurofibromin 1 (Nf1) is not required in muscle fibers, but specifically in early postnatal myogenic progenitors (MPs), where Nf1 loss led to cell cycle exit and differentiation blockade, depleting the MP pool resulting in reduced myonuclear accretion as well as reduced muscle stem cell numbers. This was caused by precocious induction of stem cell quiescence coupled to metabolic reprogramming of MPs impinging on glycolytic shutdown, which was conserved in muscle fibers. We show that a Mek/Erk/NOS pathway hypersensitizes Nf1-deficient MPs to Notch signaling, consequently, early postnatal Notch pathway inhibition ameliorated premature quiescence, metabolic reprogramming and muscle growth. This reveals an unexpected role of Ras/Mek/Erk signaling supporting postnatal MP quiescence in concert with Notch signaling, which is controlled by Nf1 safeguarding coordinated muscle growth and muscle stem cell pool establishment. Furthermore, our data suggest transmission of metabolic reprogramming across cellular differentiation, affecting fiber metabolism and function in NF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wei
- Musculoskeletal Development and Regeneration Group, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Angelos Rigopoulos
- Musculoskeletal Development and Regeneration Group, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Biology and Computation IMPRS-BAC, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Lienhard
- Department of Computational Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sophie Pöhle-Kronawitter
- Musculoskeletal Development and Regeneration Group, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georgios Kotsaris
- Musculoskeletal Development and Regeneration Group, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Franke
- Musculoskeletal Development and Regeneration Group, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Berndt
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Computer-assisted Cardiovascular Medicine, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joy Orezimena Mejedo
- Musculoskeletal Development and Regeneration Group, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hao Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Medical Department, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Börno
- Sequencing Core Unit, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Timmermann
- Sequencing Core Unit, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arunima Murgai
- Musculoskeletal Development and Regeneration Group, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Glauben
- Division of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Medical Department, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sigmar Stricker
- Musculoskeletal Development and Regeneration Group, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
- International Max Planck Research School for Biology and Computation IMPRS-BAC, Berlin, Germany.
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4
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Genc D, Ozbek O, Oral B, Yıldırım R, Ileri Ercan N. Phytochemicals in Pancreatic Cancer Treatment: A Machine Learning Study. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:413-421. [PMID: 38222639 PMCID: PMC10785644 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The discovery of new strategies and novel therapeutic agents is crucial to improving the current treatment methods and increasing the efficacy of cancer therapy. Phytochemicals, naturally occurring bioactive constituents derived from plants, have great potential in preventing and treating various diseases, including cancer. This study reviewed 74 literature studies published between 2006 and 2022 that conducted in vitro cytotoxicity and cell apoptosis analyses of the different concentrations of phytochemicals and their combinations with conventional drugs or supplementary phytochemicals on human pancreatic cell lines. From 34 plant-derived phytochemicals on 20 human pancreatic cancer cell lines, a total of 11 input and 2 output variables have been used to construct the data set that contained 2161 different instances. The machine learning approach has been implemented using random forest for regression, whereas association rule mining has been used to determine the effects of individual phytochemicals. The random forest models developed are generally good, indicating that the phytochemical type, its concentration, and the type of cell line are the most important descriptors for predicting the cell viability. However, for predicting cell apoptosis the primary phytochemical type is the most significant descriptor . Among the studied phytochemicals, catechin and indole-3-carbinol were found to be non-cytotoxic at all concentrations irrespective of the treatment time. On the other hand, berbamine and resveratrol were strongly cytotoxic with cell viabilities of less than 40% at a concentration range between 10 and 100 μM and above 100 μM, respectively, which brings them forward as potential therapeutic agents in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Destina
Ekingen Genc
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Bogazici University, Bebek, Istanbul 34342, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Ozbek
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Bogazici University, Bebek, Istanbul 34342, Turkey
| | - Burcu Oral
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Bogazici University, Bebek, Istanbul 34342, Turkey
| | - Ramazan Yıldırım
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Bogazici University, Bebek, Istanbul 34342, Turkey
| | - Nazar Ileri Ercan
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Middle East Technical
University, Çankaya, Ankara 06800, Turkey
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5
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Agrawal R, Natarajan KN. Oncogenic signaling pathways in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Adv Cancer Res 2023; 159:251-283. [PMID: 37268398 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common (∼90% cases) pancreatic neoplasm and one of the most lethal cancer among all malignances. PDAC harbor aberrant oncogenic signaling that may result from the multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations such as the mutation in driver genes (KRAS, CDKN2A, p53), genomic amplification of regulatory genes (MYC, IGF2BP2, ROIK3), deregulation of chromatin-modifying proteins (HDAC, WDR5) among others. A key event is the formation of Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PanIN) that often results from the activating mutation in KRAS. Mutated KRAS can direct a variety of signaling pathways and modulate downstream targets including MYC, which play an important role in cancer progression. In this review, we discuss recent literature shedding light on the origins of PDAC from the perspective of major oncogenic signaling pathways. We highlight how MYC directly and indirectly, with cooperation with KRAS, affect epigenetic reprogramming and metastasis. Additionally, we summarize the recent findings from single cell genomic approaches that highlight heterogeneity in PDAC and tumor microenvironment, and provide molecular avenues for PDAC treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Agrawal
- DTU Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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6
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Kretschmer M, Mamistvalov R, Sprinzak D, Vollmar AM, Zahler S. Matrix stiffness regulates Notch signaling activity in endothelial cells. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:286810. [PMID: 36718783 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling is critical for many developmental and disease-related processes. It is widely accepted that Notch has a mechanotransduction module that regulates receptor cleavage. However, the role of biomechanical properties of the cellular environment in Notch signaling in general is still poorly understood. During angiogenesis, differentiation of endothelial cells into tip and stalk cells is regulated by Notch signaling, and remodeling of the extracellular matrix occurs. We investigated the influence of substrate stiffness on the Notch signaling pathway in endothelial cells. Using stiffness-tuned polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates, we show that activity of the Notch signaling pathway inversely correlates with a physiologically relevant range of substrate stiffness (i.e. increased Notch signaling activity on softer substrates). Trans-endocytosis of the Notch extracellular domain, but not the overall endocytosis, is regulated by substrate stiffness, and integrin cell-matrix connections are both stiffness dependent and influenced by Notch signaling. We conclude that mechanotransduction of Notch activation is modulated by substrate stiffness, highlighting the role of substrate rigidity as an important cue for signaling. This might have implications in pathological situations associated with stiffening of the extracellular matrix, such as tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maibritt Kretschmer
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Rose Mamistvalov
- The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - David Sprinzak
- The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Angelika M Vollmar
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Zahler
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
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7
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Chung WC, Xu K. Notch signaling pathway in pancreatic tumorigenesis. Adv Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
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8
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Xiao Y, Wang J, Wang J, Wang H, Wu S, Bao W. Analysis of the roles of the Notch1 signalling pathway in modulating deoxynivalenol cytotoxicity. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 246:114183. [PMID: 36270035 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a trichothecenes produced by fungi that is widespread and poses a threat to human and animal health. The Notch1 signalling pathway is tightly involved in cell fate determination. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the Notch1 signalling pathway in DON exposure. Herein, we found that the Notch1 signalling pathway was significantly activated after DON exposure, while Notch1 expression was negatively regulated by DON-induced ROS. Then, the Notch1 signalling pathway was blocked by the γ-secretase inhibitor DAPT in DON exposure. Flow cytometry analysis and antioxidant parameter measurements revealed that DAPT treatment significantly aggravated the oxidative stress induced by DON. The detection of apoptosis showed that DAPT treatment increased the cell apoptotic rate. Further analysis revealed that inhibiting the Notch1 signalling pathway reduced autophagy upon DON exposure. RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis showed that inhibiting the Notch1 signalling pathway aggravated cellular inflammation and activated the MAPK pathway, indicating that the MAPK pathway may be the downstream signalling pathway. Taken together, our research revealed that the Notch1 signalling pathway is essential for protection against DON. Inhibition of Notch1 signalling increases oxidative stress, causes cell apoptosis, reduces autophagy and aggravates cell inflammation after DON exposure. This study investigated the role of the Notch1 signalling pathway in DON exposure and provided a basis for exploring the mechanism of DON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeyi Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Jingneng Wang
- Shanghai Xiongtu Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200000, China.
| | - Haifei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Shenglong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Wenbin Bao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Shanghai Xiongtu Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200000, China.
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9
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Porcelli L, Di Fonte R, Pierri CL, Fucci L, Saponaro C, Armenio A, Serratì S, Strippoli S, Fasano R, Volpicella M, Daprile R, Tommasi S, Ressa CM, Guida M, Azzariti A. BRAF V600E;K601Q metastatic melanoma patient-derived organoids and docking analysis to predict the response to targeted therapy. Pharmacol Res 2022; 182:106323. [PMID: 35752358 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The V600E mutation in BRAF is associated with increased phosphorylation of Erk1/2 and high sensitivity to BRAFi/MEKi combination in metastatic melanoma. In very few patients, a tandem mutation in BRAF, V600 and K601, causes a different response to BRAFi/MEKi combination. BRAFV600E;K601Q patient-derived organoids (PDOs) were generated to investigate targeted therapy efficacy and docking analysis was used to assess BRAFV600E;K601Q interactions with Vemurafenib. PDOs were not sensitive to Vemurafenib and Cobimetinib given alone and sensitive to their combination, although not as responsive as BRAFV600E PDOs. The docking analysis justified such a result showing that the tandem mutation in BRAF reduced the affinity for Vemurafenib. Tumor analysis showed that BRAFV600E;K601Q displayed both increased phosphorylation of Erk1/2 at cytoplasmic level and activation of Notch resistance signaling. This prompted us to inhibit Notch signaling with Nirogacestat, achieving a greater antitumor response and providing PDOs-based evaluation of treatment efficacy in such rare metastatic melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Porcelli
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, V.le O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Di Fonte
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, V.le O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Ciro L Pierri
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, Biopharmaceutics, University "Aldo Moro" of Bari, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Livia Fucci
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, V.le O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Concetta Saponaro
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, V.le O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Armenio
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, V.le O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Simona Serratì
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, V.le O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Sabino Strippoli
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, V.le O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Rossella Fasano
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, V.le O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Volpicella
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, Biopharmaceutics, University "Aldo Moro" of Bari, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Rossana Daprile
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, V.le O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Stefania Tommasi
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, V.le O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Cosmo M Ressa
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, V.le O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Guida
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, V.le O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Amalia Azzariti
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, V.le O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy.
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10
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Nisar M, Paracha RZ, Adil S, Qureshi SN, Janjua HA. An Extensive Review on Preclinical and Clinical Trials of Oncolytic Viruses Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:875188. [PMID: 35686109 PMCID: PMC9171400 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.875188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy resistance and peculiar tumor microenvironment, which diminish or mitigate the effects of therapies, make pancreatic cancer one of the deadliest malignancies to manage and treat. Advanced immunotherapies are under consideration intending to ameliorate the overall patient survival rate in pancreatic cancer. Oncolytic viruses therapy is a new type of immunotherapy in which a virus after infecting and lysis the cancer cell induces/activates patients’ immune response by releasing tumor antigen in the blood. The current review covers the pathways and molecular ablation that take place in pancreatic cancer cells. It also unfolds the extensive preclinical and clinical trial studies of oncolytic viruses performed and/or undergoing to design an efficacious therapy against pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryum Nisar
- School of Interdisciplinary Engineering & Sciences (SINES), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rehan Zafar Paracha
- School of Interdisciplinary Engineering & Sciences (SINES), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Adil
- School of Interdisciplinary Engineering & Sciences (SINES), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Hussnain Ahmed Janjua
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
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11
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Peng L, Zhao M, Liu T, Chen J, Gao P, Chen L, Xing P, Wang Z, Di J, Xu Q, Qu H, Jiang B, Su X. A stop-gain mutation in GXYLT1 promotes metastasis of colorectal cancer via the MAPK pathway. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:395. [PMID: 35459861 PMCID: PMC9033806 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04844-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Genomic instability plays a key role in the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Although cancer driver genes in CRC have been well characterized, identifying novel genes associated with carcinogenesis and treatment remains challenging because of tumor heterogeneity. Here, we analyzed the genomic alterations of 45 samples from CRC patients in northern China by whole-exome sequencing. In addition to the identification of six well-known CRC driver genes (APC, TP53, KRAS, FBXW7, PIK3CA, and PABPC), two tumor-related genes (MTCH2 and HSPA6) were detected, along with RRP7A and GXYLT1, which have not been previously linked to cancer. GXYLT1 was mutated in 40% (18/45) of the samples in our cohort. Functionally, GXYLT1 promoted migration and invasion in vitro and metastasis in vivo, while the GXYLT1S212* mutant induced significantly greater effect. Furthermore, both GXYLT1 and GXYLT1S212* interacted with ERK2. GXYLT1 induced metastasis via a mechanism involving the Notch and MAPK pathways, whereas the GXYLT1S212* mutant mainly promoted metastasis by activating the MAPK pathway. We propose that GXYLT1 acts as a novel metastasis-associated driver gene and GXYLT1S212* might serve as a potential indicator for therapies targeting the MAPK pathway in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Peng
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Min Zhao
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD, 4556, Australia
| | - Tianqi Liu
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Jiangbo Chen
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Pin Gao
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Pu Xing
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Zaozao Wang
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Jiabo Di
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- GenomiCare Biotechnology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Hong Qu
- Center for Bioinformatics, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China.
| | - Beihai Jiang
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China.
| | - Xiangqian Su
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China.
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12
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Caeser R, Hulton C, Costa E, Durani V, Little M, Chen X, Tischfield SE, Asher M, Kombak FE, Chavan SS, Shah NS, Ciampricotti M, de Stanchina E, Poirier JT, Rudin CM, Sen T. MAPK pathway activation selectively inhibits ASCL1-driven small cell lung cancer. iScience 2021; 24:103224. [PMID: 34712921 PMCID: PMC8528729 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of mitogenic signaling pathways is a common oncogenic driver of many solid tumors including lung cancer. Although activating mutations in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway are prevalent in non-small cell lung cancers, MAPK pathway activity, counterintuitively, is relatively suppressed in the more aggressively proliferative small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Here, we elucidate the role of the MAPK pathway and how it interacts with other signaling pathways in SCLC. We find that the most common SCLC subtype, SCLC-A associated with high expression of ASCL1, is selectively sensitive to MAPK activation in vitro and in vivo through induction of cell-cycle arrest and senescence. We show strong upregulation of ERK negative feedback regulators and STAT signaling upon MAPK activation in SCLC-A lines. These findings provide insight into the complexity of signaling networks in SCLC and suggest subtype-specific mitogenic vulnerabilities. MAPK activation causes cell-cycle arrest and senescence selectively in SCLC-A subtype MAPK-induced growth inhibition is independent of NOTCH signaling MAPK activation increases ERK negative feedback and activates STAT3 signaling
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Caeser
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Christopher Hulton
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Emily Costa
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vidushi Durani
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Megan Little
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Antitumor Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 11065, USA
| | - Sam E Tischfield
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marina Asher
- Precision Pathology Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Faruk Erdem Kombak
- Precision Pathology Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Shweta S Chavan
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nisargbhai S Shah
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Metamia Ciampricotti
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Antitumor Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 11065, USA
| | - John T Poirier
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles M Rudin
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Triparna Sen
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
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13
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Abstract
Background: Several mechanisms likely cooperate with the mitogen-activated protein (MAP)-kinase pathway to promote cancer progression in the thyroid. One putative pathway is NOTCH signaling, which is implicated in several other malignancies. In thyroid cancer, data regarding the role of the NOTCH pathway are insufficient and even contradictory. Methods: A BRAFV600E-driven papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) mouse model was subjected to NOTCH pathway genetic alterations, and the tumor burden was followed by ultrasound. Further analyses were performed on PTC cell lines or noncancerous cells transfected with NOTCHIC or BRAFV600E, which were then subjected to pharmacological treatment with MAP-kinase or NOTCH pathway inhibitors. Results: The presence of the BRAFV600E mutation coupled with overexpression of the NOTCH intracellular domain led to significantly bigger thyroid tumors in mice, to a more aggressive carcinoma, and decreased overall survival. Although more cystic, the tumors did not progress into anaplastic thyroid carcinomas. On the contrary, the deletion of RBP-jκ (a major cofactor involved in NOTCH signaling) did not alter the phenotype in mice. BRAFV600E-mutated PTC cell lines were resistant to pharmacological inhibition of the NOTCH pathway. Inhibition of MEK1/2 uncovered a predominant effect on Hes1/Hey1 transcription compared with NOTCH inhibition in BRAFV600E-mutated cell lines. Finally, γ-secretase activity and γ-secretase subunit transcription levels were dependent on ERK activation. Our findings suggest that MAP-kinase activity overrides the NOTCH pathway in the context of thyroid cancer. Conclusions: The interaction between the BRAF and NOTCH pathways demonstrates that the BRAFV600E mutation might bypass NOTCH and exert a strong positive effect on NOTCH downstream targets in thyroid carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Traversi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and Swiss National Center of Competence in Research (NCCR) TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Amandine Stooss
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and Swiss National Center of Competence in Research (NCCR) TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Roch-Philippe Charles
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and Swiss National Center of Competence in Research (NCCR) TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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14
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CASK regulates Notch pathway and functions as a tumor promoter in pancreatic cancer. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 701:108789. [PMID: 33548214 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase (CASK), a member of membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) super-family, is implicated in regulating cell proliferation, cytoskeletal remodeling, and cell metastasis. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of CASK on the malignant behaviors of pancreatic cancer cells and to determine the signaling pathway involved. CASK expression in pancreatic cancer tissues based on the TCGA database was analyzed using GEPIA online tool. The overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with pancreatic cancer based on CASK expression was also analyzed using GEPIA. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was used to show the association of 1522 CASK-related genes and signaling pathways. The expression of CASK, Notch1 and Hey1 was detected by Western blot. Cell proliferation, colony number, invasion, and apoptosis were detected by CCK-8, colony formation assay, Transwell invasion assay, and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. Results showed that CASK was upregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues and cells. Pancreatic cancer patients with high CASK expression showed shorter OS and DFS than patients with low CASK expression. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis proved that CASK and 1522 CASK-associated genes were primarily associated with the Notch pathway. CASK silencing inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation ability, and invasion and elicited apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Additionally, we confirmed that CASK silencing inhibited the Notch pathway in pancreatic cancer cells. Overexpression of Notch1 resisted the anti-tumor functions of CASK knockdown in pancreatic cancer cells. In conclusion, CASK knockdown suppressed the malignant behaviors of pancreatic cancer cells by inactivating the Notch pathway.
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15
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Bhore N, Wang BJ, Wu PF, Lee YL, Chen YW, Hsu WM, Lee H, Huang YS, Yang DI, Liao YF. Dual-Specificity Phosphatase 15 (DUSP15) Modulates Notch Signaling by Enhancing the Stability of Notch Protein. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:2204-2214. [PMID: 33417224 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02254-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Dual-specificity phosphatases (DUSPs) comprise a unique group of enzymes that dephosphorylate signaling proteins at both phospho-serine/threonine and phospho-tyrosine residues. Since Notch signaling is an essential pathway for neuronal cell fate determination and development that is also upregulated in Alzheimer's disease tissues, we sought to explore whether and how DUSPs may impact Notch processing. Our results show that overexpression of DUSP15 concomitantly and dose-dependently increased the steady-state levels of recombinant Notch (extracellular domain-truncated Notch, NotchΔE) protein and its cleaved product, Notch intracellular domain (NICD). The overall ratio of NotchΔE to NICD was unchanged by overexpression of DUSP15, suggesting that the effect is independent of γ-secretase. Interestingly, overexpression of DUSP15 also dose-dependently increased phosphorylated ERK1/2. Phosphorylated ERK1/2 is known to be positively correlated with Notch protein level, and we found that DUSP15-mediated regulation of Notch was dependent on ERK1/2 activity. Together, our findings reveal the existence of a previously unidentified DUSP15-ERK1/2-Notch signaling axis, which could potentially play a role in neuronal differentiation and neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noopur Bhore
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, ICOB 238, 128 Sec. 2 Academia Rd, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Jeng Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, ICOB 238, 128 Sec. 2 Academia Rd, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Po-Fan Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, ICOB 238, 128 Sec. 2 Academia Rd, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Cheng Kung University, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lurk Lee
- TIGP in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Wen Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, ICOB 238, 128 Sec. 2 Academia Rd, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ming Hsu
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsinyu Lee
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shuian Huang
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Cheng Kung University, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,TIGP in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ding-I Yang
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Feng Liao
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, ICOB 238, 128 Sec. 2 Academia Rd, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan. .,Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Cheng Kung University, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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16
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Porcelli L, Mazzotta A, Garofoli M, Di Fonte R, Guida G, Guida M, Tommasi S, Azzariti A. Active notch protects MAPK activated melanoma cell lines from MEK inhibitor cobimetinib. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 133:111006. [PMID: 33202284 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The crosstalk between Notch and MAPK pathway plays a role in MEK inhibitor resistance in BRAFV600E metastatic melanoma (MM) and promotes migration in GNAQQ209L uveal melanoma (UM) cells. We determined the cytotoxicity of combinatorial inhibition of MEK and Notch by cobimetinib and γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI) nirogacestat, in BRAFV600E and BRAF wt MM and GNAQQ209L UM cells displaying different Erk1/2 and Notch activation status, with the aim to elucidate the impact of Notch signaling in the response to MEK inhibitor. Overall the combination was synergic in BRAFV600E MM and GNAQQ209L UM cells and antagonistic in BRAF wt one. Focusing on UM cells, we found that cobimetinib resulted in G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptosis induction, whereas the combination with GSI increased treatment efficacy by inducing a senescent-like state of cells and by blocking migration towards liver cancer cells. Mechanistically, this was reflected in a strong reduction of cyclin D1, in the inactivation of retinoblastoma protein and in the increase of p27KIP1 expression levels. Of note, each drug alone prevented Notch signaling activation resulting in inhibition of c-jun(Ser63) and Hes-1 expression. The combination achieved the strongest inhibition on Notch signaling and on both c-jun(Ser63) and Erk1/2 activation level. In conclusion we unveiled a coordinate action of MAPK and Notch signaling in promoting proliferation of BRAFV600E MM and GNAQQ209L UM cells. Remarkably, the simultaneous inhibition of MEK and Notch signaling highlighted a role for the second pathway in protecting cells against senescence in GNAQQ209L UM cells treated with the MEK inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Porcelli
- Experimental Pharmacology Laboratory, Italia, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | | | | | - Roberta Di Fonte
- Experimental Pharmacology Laboratory, Italia, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Gabriella Guida
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, P.zza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Tommasi
- Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenetics Unit IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" di Bari, Italia, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Amalia Azzariti
- Experimental Pharmacology Laboratory, Italia, 70124, Bari, Italy.
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17
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Dang Q, Chen L, Xu M, You X, Zhou H, Zhang Y, Shi W. The γ-secretase inhibitor GSI-I interacts synergistically with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib to induce ALK+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma cell apoptosis. Cell Signal 2019; 59:76-84. [PMID: 30878517 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Single agent treatment of the γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI-I) or proteasome inhibitor in anaplastic lymphoma kinase positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK+ ALCL) shows limited response and considerable toxicity. Here, we examined the effects of the combination of low dose GSI-I and the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (BTZ) in ALK+ ALCL cells in vivo and in vitro. We found that ALK+ ALCL cells treated with the BTZ and GSI-I combination treatment showed elevated apoptosis, consistent with increased caspase activation, compared with BTZ or GSI-I alone. The combination treatment also inhibited AKT and extracellular signal-related kinase pathways, as well as stress-related cascades, including the c-jun N-terminal kinase and stress-activated kinases. Moreover, combined treatment in a murine xenograft model resulted in increased apoptosis in tumor tissues and reduced tumor growth. Our results reveal the synergistic anti-tumor effects of low dose inhibitors against γ-secretase and the proteasome and suggest the potential application of the tolerable BTZ/GSI-I combined agents in treating ALK+ ALCL in future clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxiu Dang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengqi Xu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuefen You
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wenyu Shi
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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18
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Chen X, Chen X, Zhou Z, Qin A, Wang Y, Fan B, Xu W, Zhang S. LY411575, a potent γ-secretase inhibitor, suppresses osteoclastogenesis in vitro and LPS-induced calvarial osteolysis in vivo. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:20944-20956. [PMID: 31020651 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A series of osteolytic bone diseases are usually related to excessive bone resorption and osteoclast formation. Thus, agents or drugs which can target osteoclast development and attenuate bone loss are potentially considerable in preventing and treating of bone lytic diseases. In recent years, many studies have reported that Notch signaling has substantial impacts on the process of osteoclast differentiation, maturation, and bone destruction. In the present study, we showed that LY411575, a γ-secretase inhibitor, could potently suppress osteoclast differentiation, osteoclast-specific gene expression, and bone resorption via suppressing Notch/HES1/MAPK (ERK and p38)/Akt-mediated NFATc1 induction in vitro. Consistent with in vitro results, LY411575 exhibited protective effects in lipopolysaccharides-induced calvarial bone destruction in vivo. Collectively, these results indicate that LY411575 may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of osteoclast-mediated osteolytic bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuzhuo Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihang Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - An Qin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yexin Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Baoting Fan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Weifeng Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanyong Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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19
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Khalil A, Medfai H, Poelvoorde P, Kazan MF, Delporte C, Van Antwerpen P, El-Makhour Y, Biston P, Delrée P, Badran B, Vanhamme L, Boudjeltia KZ. Myeloperoxidase promotes tube formation, triggers ERK1/2 and Akt pathways and is expressed endogenously in endothelial cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 654:55-69. [PMID: 30016634 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Myeloperoxidase is a member of the mammalian peroxidase family, mainly expressed in the myeloblastic cell lineage. It is considered a major bactericidal agent as it is released in the phagosome where it catalyzes the formation of reactive oxygen species. It is also released in the extracellular spaces including blood where it is absorbed on (lipo)proteins and endothelial cell surface, interfering with endothelial function. We performed RNA sequencing on MPO-treated endothelial cells, analyzed their transcriptome and validated the profile of gene expression by individual qRT-PCR. Some of the induced genes could be grouped in several functional networks, including tubulogenesis, angiogenesis, and blood vessel morphogenesis and development as well as signal transduction pathways associated to these mechanisms. MPO treatment mimicked the effects of VEGF on several signal transduction pathways, such as Akt, ERK or FAK involved in angiogenesis. Accordingly MPO, independently of its enzymatic activity, stimulated tube formation by endothelial cells. RNA interference also pointed at a role of endogenous MPO in tubulogenesis and endothelium wound repair in vitro. These data suggest that MPO, whether from endogenous or exogenous sources, could play a role in angiogenesis and vascular repair in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia Khalil
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine (ULB 222 Unit), CHU de Charleroi, A. Vésale Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Montigny-le-Tilleul, Belgium; Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences, Hadath-Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hayfa Medfai
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine (ULB 222 Unit), CHU de Charleroi, A. Vésale Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Montigny-le-Tilleul, Belgium
| | - Philippe Poelvoorde
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Inflammation, IBMM, Faculty of Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Mohammad Fayyad Kazan
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Inflammation, IBMM, Faculty of Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Cedric Delporte
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analytical Platform of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Van Antwerpen
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analytical Platform of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yolla El-Makhour
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences, Hadath-Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Patrick Biston
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, CHU de Charleroi, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Paul Delrée
- IPG, Avenue Georges Lemaître 25, 6041, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Bassam Badran
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences, Hadath-Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Luc Vanhamme
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine (ULB 222 Unit), CHU de Charleroi, A. Vésale Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Montigny-le-Tilleul, Belgium; Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Inflammation, IBMM, Faculty of Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium.
| | - Karim Zouaoui Boudjeltia
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine (ULB 222 Unit), CHU de Charleroi, A. Vésale Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Montigny-le-Tilleul, Belgium
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20
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Amanam I, Chung V. Targeted Therapies for Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:E36. [PMID: 29382159 PMCID: PMC5836068 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10020036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the third leading cause of cancer related death and by 2030, it will be second only to lung cancer. We have seen tremendous advances in therapies for lung cancer as well as other solid tumors using a molecular targeted approach but our progress in treating pancreatic cancer has been incremental with median overall survival remaining less than one year. There is an urgent need for improved therapies with better efficacy and less toxicity. Small molecule inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies and immune modulatory therapies have been used. Here we review the progress that we have made with these targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idoroenyi Amanam
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
| | - Vincent Chung
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
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21
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Cheng J, Liu C, Liu L, Chen X, Shan J, Shen J, Zhu W, Qian C. MEK1 signaling promotes self-renewal and tumorigenicity of liver cancer stem cells via maintaining SIRT1 protein stabilization. Oncotarget 2018; 7:20597-611. [PMID: 26967560 PMCID: PMC4991478 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer death. This high mortality has been commonly attributed to the presence of residual cancer stem cells (CSCs). Meanwhile, MEK1 signaling is regarded as a key molecular in HCC maintenance and development. However, nobody has figured out the particular mechanisms that how MEK1 signaling regulates liver CSCs self-renewal. In this study, we show that inhibition or depletion of MEK1 can significantly decrease liver CSCs self-renewal and tumor growth both in vitro and vivo conditions. Furthermore, we demonstrate that MEK1 signaling promotes liver CSCs self-renewal and tumorigenicity by maintaining SIRT1 level. Mechanistically, MEK1 signaling keeps SIRT1 protein stabilization through activating SIRT1 ubiquitination, which inhibits proteasomal degradation. Clinical analysis shows that patients co-expression of MEK1 and SIRT1 are associated with poor survival. Our finding indicates that MEK1-SIRT1 can act as a novel diagnostic biomarker and inhibition of MEK1 may be a viable therapeutic option for targeting liver CSCs treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Cheng
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Chungang Liu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Limei Liu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xuejiao Chen
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Juanjuan Shan
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Junjie Shen
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Cheng Qian
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
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Vila-Casadesús M, Vila-Navarro E, Raimondi G, Fillat C, Castells A, Lozano JJ, Gironella M. Deciphering microRNA targets in pancreatic cancer using miRComb R package. Oncotarget 2018; 9:6499-6517. [PMID: 29464088 PMCID: PMC5814228 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MiRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. They play important roles in cancer but little is known about the specific functions that each miRNA exerts in each type of cancer. More knowledge about their specific targets is needed to better understand the complexity of molecular networks taking part in cancer. In this study we report the miRNA-mRNA interactome occurring in pancreatic cancer by using a bioinformatic approach called miRComb, which combines tissue expression data with miRNA-target prediction databases (TargetScan, miRSVR and miRDB). MiRNome and transcriptome of 12 human pancreatic tissues (9 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas and 3 controls) were analyzed by next-generation sequencing and microarray, respectively. Analysis confirmed differential expression of both miRNAs and mRNAs in cancerous tissue versus control, and unveiled 17401 relevant miRNA-mRNA interactions likely to occur in pancreatic cancer. They were sorted according to the degree of negative correlation between miRNA and mRNA expression. Results highlighted the importance of miR-148a and miR-21 interactions among others. Two components of the Notch signaling pathway, ADAM17 and EP300, were confirmed as miR-148a targets in MiaPaca-2 pancreatic cancer cells overexpressing miR-148a. Moreover, a CRISPR-Cas9 cellular model was generated to knock-out the expression of miR-21 in PANC-1 cells. As expected, the expression of two miRComb miR-21 predicted targets, PDCD4 and BTG2, was significantly upregulated in these cells in comparison to control PANC-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vila-Casadesús
- Gastrointestinal & Pancreatic Oncology Group, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Bioinformatics Platform, CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Elena Vila-Navarro
- Gastrointestinal & Pancreatic Oncology Group, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Giulia Raimondi
- Gene Therapy and Cancer, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Cristina Fillat
- Gene Therapy and Cancer, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Antoni Castells
- Gastrointestinal & Pancreatic Oncology Group, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Juan José Lozano
- Gastrointestinal & Pancreatic Oncology Group, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Bioinformatics Platform, CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Meritxell Gironella
- Gastrointestinal & Pancreatic Oncology Group, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Notch-out for breast cancer therapies. N Biotechnol 2017; 39:215-221. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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C-terminal deletion of NOTCH1 intracellular domain (N1 ICD) increases its stability but does not amplify and recapitulate N1 ICD-dependent signalling. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5034. [PMID: 28698562 PMCID: PMC5506007 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05119-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the generation of a mouse strain conditionally expressing the active intracellular domain of Notch1 (N1ICD), many laboratories have exploited this model (RosaN1-ICD) to assess the impact of constitutive Notch1 signalling activation in normal and pathological processes. It should be underscored that Cre-recombination leads to the expression of a C-terminally truncated form of N1ICD (N1ICDdC) in the RosaN1-ICD mutant mice. Given that no studies were undertaken to delineate whether deletion of this region leaves intact N1ICD function, stable cell lines with single targeted integration of inducible N1ICD and N1ICDdC were generated. We found that C-terminal deletion of N1ICD stabilized the protein but did not promote the activity of Notch responsive promoters. Furthermore, despite higher expression levels, N1ICDdC failed to phenocopy N1ICD in the promotion of anchorage-independent growth. Our results thus suggest that the C-terminal region of N1ICD plays a role in shaping the Notch response. Therefore, it should be taken into consideration that N1ICD is truncated when interpreting phenotypes of RosaN1-ICD mutant mice.
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25
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Gao J, Long B, Wang Z. Role of Notch signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2017; 7:173-186. [PMID: 28337369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 09/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the highly aggressive malignancies in the United States. It has been shown that multiple signaling pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of PC, such as JNK, PI3K/AKT, Rho GTPase, Hedgehog (Hh) and Skp2. In recent years, accumulated evidence has demonstrated that Notch signaling pathway plays critical roles in the development and progression of PC. Therefore, in this review we discuss the recent literature regarding the function and regulation of Notch in the pathogenesis of PC. Moreover, we describe that Notch signaling pathway could be down-regulated by its inhibitors or natural compounds, which could be a novel approach for the treatment of PC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankun Gao
- Sichuan College of Tranditional Chinese Medicine Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Long
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Mianyang 404 Hospital Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123, China; Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolMA 02215, USA
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26
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Predicting novel salivary biomarkers for the detection of pancreatic cancer using biological feature-based classification. Pathol Res Pract 2016; 213:394-399. [PMID: 28283209 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM The use of saliva as a diagnostic fluid enables non-invasive sampling and thus is a prospective sample for disease tests. This study fully utilized the information from the salivary transcriptome to characterize pancreatic cancer related genes and predict novel salivary biomarkers. METHODS We calculated the enrichment scores of gene ontology (GO) and pathways annotated in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database (KEGG) for pancreatic cancer-related genes. Annotation of GO and KEGG pathway characterize the molecular features of genes. We employed Random Forest classification and incremental feature selection to identify the optimal features among them and predicted novel pancreatic cancer-related genes. RESULTS A total of 2175 gene ontology and 79 KEGG pathway terms were identified as the optimal features to identify pancreatic cancer-related genes. A total of 516 novel genes were predicted using these features. We discovered 29 novel biomarkers based on the expression of these 516 genes in saliva. Using our new biomarkers, we achieved a higher accuracy (92%) for the detection of pancreatic cancer. Another independent expression dataset confirmed that these novel biomarkers performed better than the previously described markers alone. CONCLUSION By analyzing the information of the salivary transcriptome, we predict pancreatic cancer-related genes and novel salivary gene markers for detection.
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27
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Iyer RP, Jung M, Lindsey ML. MMP-9 signaling in the left ventricle following myocardial infarction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2016; 311:H190-8. [PMID: 27208160 PMCID: PMC4967202 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00243.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Following myocardial infarction (MI), the left ventricle (LV) undergoes a series of cardiac wound healing responses that involve both the stimulation of robust inflammation to clear necrotic myocytes and tissue debris and the induction of extracellular matrix (ECM) protein synthesis to generate an infarct scar. The collective changes in myocardial structure and function are termed LV remodeling, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is a key instigator of post-MI LV remodeling. Through direct molecular effects on ECM and inflammatory protein turnover as well as indirect effects on major cell types that coordinate cardiac wound healing, namely the infiltrating leukocytes and the cardiac fibroblasts, MMP-9 coordinates multiple aspects of LV remodeling. In this review, we will discuss recent research that has expanded our understanding of post-MI LV remodeling, including recent proteomic advances focused on the ECM compartment to provide novel functional and translational insights. This overview will summarize how our understanding of MMP-9 has evolved over the last decade and will provide insight into future directions that will drive our understanding of MMP-9-directed cardiac ECM turnover in the post-MI LV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rugmani Padmanabhan Iyer
- Mississippi Center for Heart Research, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi; and
| | - Mira Jung
- Mississippi Center for Heart Research, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi; and
| | - Merry L Lindsey
- Mississippi Center for Heart Research, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi; and Research Service, G. V. (Sonny) Montgomery Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
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Rao SNR, Pearse DD. Regulating Axonal Responses to Injury: The Intersection between Signaling Pathways Involved in Axon Myelination and The Inhibition of Axon Regeneration. Front Mol Neurosci 2016; 9:33. [PMID: 27375427 PMCID: PMC4896923 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2016.00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Following spinal cord injury (SCI), a multitude of intrinsic and extrinsic factors adversely affect the gene programs that govern the expression of regeneration-associated genes (RAGs) and the production of a diversity of extracellular matrix molecules (ECM). Insufficient RAG expression in the injured neuron and the presence of inhibitory ECM at the lesion, leads to structural alterations in the axon that perturb the growth machinery, or form an extraneous barrier to axonal regeneration, respectively. Here, the role of myelin, both intact and debris, in antagonizing axon regeneration has been the focus of numerous investigations. These studies have employed antagonizing antibodies and knockout animals to examine how the growth cone of the re-growing axon responds to the presence of myelin and myelin-associated inhibitors (MAIs) within the lesion environment and caudal spinal cord. However, less attention has been placed on how the myelination of the axon after SCI, whether by endogenous glia or exogenously implanted glia, may alter axon regeneration. Here, we examine the intersection between intracellular signaling pathways in neurons and glia that are involved in axon myelination and axon growth, to provide greater insight into how interrogating this complex network of molecular interactions may lead to new therapeutics targeting SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudheendra N R Rao
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami, FL, USA
| | - Damien D Pearse
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiami, FL, USA; The Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiami, FL, USA; The Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiami, FL, USA; The Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiami, FL, USA; Bruce W. Carter Department of Veterans Affairs Medical CenterMiami, FL, USA
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29
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Huang H, Lai S, Wan Q, Qi W, Liu J. Astragaloside IV protects cardiomyocytes from anoxia/reoxygenation injury by upregulating the expression of Hes1 protein. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2015; 94:542-53. [PMID: 27070866 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2015-0457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Astragaloside IV (ASI), a traditional Chinese medicine, is a main active ingredient of Astragalus membranaceus. Many clinical studies have found that ASI protects cardiomyocytes in cardiovascular diseases, but the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms responsible for the protective effects of ASI in cardiomyocytes from anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R) injury. According to the previous studies, we hypothesized that the cardioprotective effects of ASI against A/R injury might be associated with Notch1/Hes1 signaling pathway. In this study, neonatal rat primary cardiomyocytes were preconditioned with ASI prior to A/R injury. Our results showed that ASI effectively increased the cell viability, decreased the content of MDA, decreased the activities of CPK and LDH, increased the activities of GSH-Px and SOD, and reduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm). ASI inhibited the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening and activation of caspase-3, and finally decreased the cell apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, ASI upregulated Hes1 protein expression. However, pretreatment with DAPT, a Notch1 inhibitor, effectively attenuated the cardioprotective effects of ASI against A/R injury, except MDA, SOD, GSH-Px, and the ROS generation. Taken together, we demonstrated that ASI could protect against A/R injury via the Notch1/Hes1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Huang
- a Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yong Wai Zheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Songqing Lai
- a Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yong Wai Zheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Qing Wan
- b Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yong Wai Zheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Wanghong Qi
- a Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yong Wai Zheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jichun Liu
- a Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yong Wai Zheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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30
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Ma Y, Bian J, Zhang F. Inhibition of perillyl alcohol on cell invasion and migration depends on the Notch signaling pathway in hepatoma cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 411:307-15. [PMID: 26475687 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2593-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cell metastasis, especially the process of invasion and migration, is considered as the main cause for the high mortality rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which has become the sixth most common cancer worldwide and the third leading cause of cancer death. In this present study, we aimed to exploit the effects of perillyl alcohol on cell invasion and migration and the underlying molecular mechanisms in HCC. According to the transwell assays, cell invasiveness and migratory capacity were markedly higher in hepatoma cells (HepG2, SMMC-7721 and MHCC97H) than those in normal liver cells (HL-7702), and then significantly suppressed by perillyl alcohol treatment (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the mRNA levels of Notch signaling pathway downstream target genes, HES1, HES5, and HEY1, were notably higher in hepatoma cells detected with real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) (P < 0.05). After treated with perillyl alcohol, these mRNA levels were significantly decreased in hepatoma cells (P < 0.05). In addition, compared with the normal liver cells, the protein expression levels of Notch1 intracellular domain (N1ICD) and Snail were significantly increased, while E-cadherin protein expression was significantly decreased in hepatoma cells (P < 0.05). However, perillyl alcohol treatment significantly decreased N1ICD and Snail protein expressions and increased E-cadherin protein expression in hepatoma cells (P < 0.05). In conclusion, perillyl alcohol might play an important role in the process of hepatoma cell invasion and migration via decreasing the activity of Notch signaling pathway and increasing E-cadherin expression regulated by Snail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Jianmin Bian
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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Kundranda M, Kachaamy T. Promising new therapies in advanced pancreatic adenocarcinomas. Future Oncol 2015; 10:2629-41. [PMID: 25531049 DOI: 10.2217/fon.14.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is a lethal disease due to late diagnosis, early metastasis and the lack of effective therapies. In patients with metastatic disease, 1-year survival ranges from 17 to 23% and 5-year survival is less than 5%. This necessitates an urgent need for developing more effective therapies. Targeting the neoplastic cells has been largely ineffective due to the dense stroma, which is a physical barrier for effective drug delivery and also a source for different factors that promote tumor progression and immunosuppression. In this review, we focus on understanding the complex biology of this tumor as it relates to the evaluation of previously failed molecularly targeted trials and review potential new therapies that are emerging in the treatment of metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madappa Kundranda
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Treatment Centers of America at Western Regional Medical Center, 14200 W. Fillmore St., Goodyear, AZ 85338, USA
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Lowery MA, O'Reilly EM. Novel Therapeutics for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2015; 29:777-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Hoffman LM, Fouladi M, Olson J, Daryani VM, Stewart CF, Wetmore C, Kocak M, Onar-Thomas A, Wagner L, Gururangan S, Packer RJ, Blaney SM, Gajjar A, Kun LE, Boyett JM, Gilbertson RJ. Phase I trial of weekly MK-0752 in children with refractory central nervous system malignancies: a pediatric brain tumor consortium study. Childs Nerv Syst 2015; 31:1283-9. [PMID: 25930724 PMCID: PMC4681692 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-015-2725-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Amplification and high levels of NOTCH ligand expression have been identified in several types of pediatric brain tumors. A phase I trial of weekly MK-0752, an oral inhibitor of gamma-secretase, was conducted in children with recurrent central nervous system (CNS) malignancies to estimate the maximum tolerated dose, dose-limiting toxicities (DLT), pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics of weekly MK-0752. METHODS MK-0752 was administered once weekly at 1000 and 1400 mg/m(2) using a rolling-6 design. PK analysis was performed during the first course. NOTCH and HES expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. RESULTS Ten eligible patients were enrolled (median age 8.8 years; range 3.1-19.2) with diagnoses of brain stem glioma (n = 3), ependymoma (n = 2), anaplastic astrocytoma (n = 1), choroid plexus carcinoma (n = 2), medulloblastoma (n = 1), and primitive neuroectodermal tumor (n = 1). Nine were evaluable for toxicity. One DLT of fatigue occurred in the six evaluable patients enrolled at 1000 mg/m(2)/dose. No DLTs were experienced by three patients treated at 1400 mg/m(2)/dose. Non-dose-limiting grade 3 toxicities included lymphopenia, neutropenia, and anemia. Median number of treatment courses was 2 (range 1-10). Two patients continued on therapy for at least 6 months. The median (range) C(max) of MK-0752 was 88.2 μg/mL (40.6 to 109 μg/mL) and 60.3 μg/mL (59.2 to 91.9 μg/mL) in patients receiving 1000 and 1400 mg/m(2)/week, respectively. NOTCH expression was decreased in six of seven patients for whom tissue was available at 24 h post-MK-0752. CONCLUSION MK-0752 is well tolerated and exhibits target inhibition at 1000 and 1400 mg/m(2)/week in children with recurrent CNS malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey M Hoffman
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA,
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Lee J, Seol MY, Jeong S, Kwon HJ, Lee CR, Ku CR, Kang SW, Jeong JJ, Shin DY, Nam KH, Lee EJ, Chung WY, Jo YS. KSR1 is coordinately regulated with Notch signaling and oxidative phosphorylation in thyroid cancer. J Mol Endocrinol 2015; 54:115-24. [PMID: 25608512 DOI: 10.1530/jme-14-0270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Kinase suppressor of RAS1 (KSR1) is a scaffold protein implicated in RAS-mediated RAF activation. However, the molecular function of KSR in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is unknown. Thus, this study aimed to characterize the role of KSR1 in patients with PTC. qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC) revealed inter-tumor heterogeneities in the expression of KSR1 in PTC tissues. Interestingly, BRAFV600E-positive PTC showed higher KSR1 mRNA expression than BRAFV600E-negative PTC (P<0.001). Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) using public repositories showed that high KSR1 expression coordinately upregulated Notch signaling (nominal P=0.019, false discovery rate (FDR) q-value=0.165); this finding was supported by GeneNetwork analysis, indicating that KSR1 expression is positively correlated with NOTCH1 expression (ρ=0.677, P=6.15×10(-9)). siRNA against KSR1 (siKSR1) significantly decreased ERK phosphorylation induced by BRAFV600E, resulting in reduced expression of NOTCH1 and HES1, targets of Notch signaling. GSEA revealed that high KSR1 expression was also associated with downregulation of genes related to oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos). Consistent with this, electron microscopy showed that PTCs with high KSR1 expression exhibited structural defects of the mitochondrial cristae. Furthermore, siKSR1-transfected BCPAP and 8505C cells generated fewer colonies in colony-forming assays. In addition, GSEA showed that high expression of KSR2 and connector enhancer of KSR1 (CNKSR1) also coordinately upregulated Notch signaling (KSR2: nominal P=0.0097, FDR q-value=0.154 and CNKSR1: nominal P<0.0001, FDR q-value=0.00554), and high CNKSR2 was associated with downregulation of the OxPhos gene set (nominal P<0.0001, FDR q-value <0.0001). In conclusion, KSR1 is coordinately regulated with Notch signaling and OxPhos in PTC, because its scaffold function might be required to sustain the proliferative signaling and metabolic remodeling associated with this type of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jandee Lee
- Departments of SurgeryInternal MedicinePathologyYonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 120-752 Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi-Youn Seol
- Departments of SurgeryInternal MedicinePathologyYonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 120-752 Seoul, Korea
| | - Seonhyang Jeong
- Departments of SurgeryInternal MedicinePathologyYonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 120-752 Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeong Ju Kwon
- Departments of SurgeryInternal MedicinePathologyYonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 120-752 Seoul, Korea
| | - Cho Rok Lee
- Departments of SurgeryInternal MedicinePathologyYonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 120-752 Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol Ryong Ku
- Departments of SurgeryInternal MedicinePathologyYonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 120-752 Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Wook Kang
- Departments of SurgeryInternal MedicinePathologyYonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 120-752 Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Ju Jeong
- Departments of SurgeryInternal MedicinePathologyYonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 120-752 Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Yeob Shin
- Departments of SurgeryInternal MedicinePathologyYonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 120-752 Seoul, Korea
| | - Kee-Hyun Nam
- Departments of SurgeryInternal MedicinePathologyYonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 120-752 Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Jig Lee
- Departments of SurgeryInternal MedicinePathologyYonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 120-752 Seoul, Korea
| | - Woong Youn Chung
- Departments of SurgeryInternal MedicinePathologyYonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 120-752 Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Suk Jo
- Departments of SurgeryInternal MedicinePathologyYonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 120-752 Seoul, Korea
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Massimiani M, Vecchione L, Piccirilli D, Spitalieri P, Amati F, Salvi S, Ferrazzani S, Stuhlmann H, Campagnolo L. Epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 promotes migration and invasion of human trophoblast cells through activation of MAPK, PI3K and NOTCH signaling pathways. Mol Hum Reprod 2015; 21:435-51. [PMID: 25667199 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gav006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 (Egfl7) is a gene that encodes a partially secreted protein and whose expression is largely restricted to the endothelia. We recently reported that EGFL7 is also expressed by trophoblast cells in mouse and human placentas. Here, we investigated the molecular pathways that are regulated by EGFL7 in trophoblast cells. Stable EGFL7 overexpression in a Jeg3 human choriocarcinoma cell line resulted in significantly increased cell migration and invasiveness, while cell proliferation was unaffected. Analysis of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathways showed that EGFL7 promotes Jeg3 cell motility by activating both pathways. We show that EGFL7 activates the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in Jeg3 cells, resulting in downstream activation of extracellular regulated kinases (ERKs). In addition, we provide evidence that EGFL7-triggered migration of Jeg3 cells involves activation of NOTCH signaling. EGFL7 and NOTCH1 are co-expressed in Jeg3 cells, and blocking of NOTCH activation abrogates enhanced migration of Jeg3 cells overexpressing EGFL7. We also demonstrate that signaling through EGFR and NOTCH converged to mediate EGFL7 effects. Reduction of endogenous EGFL7 expression in Jeg3 cells significantly decreased cell migration. We further confirmed that EGFL7 stimulates cell migration by using primary human first trimester trophoblast (PTB) cells overexpressing EGFL7. In conclusion, our data suggest that in trophoblast cells, EGFL7 regulates cell migration and invasion by activating multiple signaling pathways. Our results provide a possible explanation for the correlation between reduced expression of EGFL7 and inadequate trophoblast invasion observed in placentopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Massimiani
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - L Vecchione
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - D Piccirilli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - P Spitalieri
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - F Amati
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - S Salvi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - S Ferrazzani
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - H Stuhlmann
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 60, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - L Campagnolo
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
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36
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Belle VA, McDermott N, Meunier A, Marignol L. NUMB inhibition of NOTCH signalling as a therapeutic target in prostate cancer. Nat Rev Urol 2014; 11:499-507. [PMID: 25134838 PMCID: PMC5240474 DOI: 10.1038/nrurol.2014.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is among the most prevalent life-threatening cancers diagnosed in the male population today. Various methods have been exploited in an attempt to treat this disease but these treatments, alongside preventative tactics, have been insufficient to control mortality rates and have usually resulted in detrimental adverse events. An opportunity to devise more-specific and potentially more-effective approaches for the eradication of prostate tumours can be found by targeting specific biological pathways. NUMB (protein numb homologue), a key regulator of cell fate, represents an attractive, actionable target in prostate cancer. NUMB participates in the observed deregulation of NOTCH (neurogenic locus notch homologue protein) signalling in prostate tumours, and the NUMB-NOTCH interaction regulates cell fate. NUMB has potential both as a target for control of prostate tumorigenesis and as a biomarker for identification of patients with prostate cancer who are likely to benefit from NOTCH inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Niamh McDermott
- Radiation and Urologic Oncology, Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity and Prostate Molecular Oncology Research Group, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, James's Street, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Armelle Meunier
- Radiation and Urologic Oncology, Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity and Prostate Molecular Oncology Research Group, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, James's Street, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Laure Marignol
- Radiation and Urologic Oncology, Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity and Prostate Molecular Oncology Research Group, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, James's Street, Dublin 8, Ireland
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37
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Boras E, Slevin M, Alexander MY, Aljohi A, Gilmore W, Ashworth J, Krupinski J, Potempa LA, Al Abdulkareem I, Elobeid A, Matou-Nasri S. Monomeric C-reactive protein and Notch-3 co-operatively increase angiogenesis through PI3K signalling pathway. Cytokine 2014; 69:165-79. [PMID: 24972386 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2014.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) is the most acute-phase reactant serum protein of inflammation and a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease. Its expression is associated with atherosclerotic plaque instability and the formation of immature micro-vessels. We have previously shown that CRP upregulates endothelial-derived Notch-3, a key receptor involved in vascular development, remodelling and maturation. In this study, we investigated the links between the bioactive monomeric CRP (mCRP) and Notch-3 signalling in angiogenesis. We used in vitro (cell counting, wound-healing and tubulogenesis assays) and in vivo (chorioallantoic membrane) angiogenic assays and Western blotting to study the angiogenic signalling pathways induced by mCRP and Notch-3 activator chimera protein (Notch-3/Fc). Our results showed an additive effect on angiogenesis of mCRP stimulatory effect combined with Notch-3/Fc promoting bovine aortic endothelial cell (BAEC) proliferation, migration, tube formation in Matrigel(TM) with up-regulation of phospho-Akt expression. The pharmacological blockade of PI3K/Akt survival pathway by LY294002 fully inhibited in vitro and in vivo angiogenesis induced by mCRP/Notch-3/Fc combination while blocking Notch signalling by gamma-secretase inhibitor (DAPT) partially inhibited mCRP/Notch-3/Fc-induced angiogenesis. Using a BAEC vascular smooth muscle cell co-culture sprouting angiogenesis assay and transmission electron microscopy, we showed that activation of both mCRP and Notch-3 signalling induced the formation of thicker sprouts which were shown later by Western blotting to be associated with an up-regulation of N-cadherin expression and a down-regulation of VE-cadherin expression. Thus, mCRP combined with Notch-3 activator promote angiogenesis through the PI3K/Akt pathway and their therapeutic combination has potential to promote and stabilize vessel formation whilst reducing the risk of haemorrhage from unstable plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emhamed Boras
- Healthcare Science Research Institute, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
| | - Mark Slevin
- Healthcare Science Research Institute, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
| | - M Yvonne Alexander
- Healthcare Science Research Institute, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK; Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
| | - Ali Aljohi
- Healthcare Science Research Institute, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
| | - William Gilmore
- Healthcare Science Research Institute, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
| | - Jason Ashworth
- Healthcare Science Research Institute, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
| | - Jerzy Krupinski
- Healthcare Science Research Institute, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK; Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Department of Neurology, Cerebrovascular Diseases Unit, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Ibrahim Al Abdulkareem
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adila Elobeid
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabine Matou-Nasri
- Healthcare Science Research Institute, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK.
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38
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Arceci RJ. Biological and therapeutic implications of the BRAF pathway in histiocytic disorders. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2014:e441-e445. [PMID: 24857137 DOI: 10.14694/edbook_am.2014.34.e441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) has historically evolved in its classification from a primary immune dysregulatory disorder to what current evidence supports as a dendritic cell neoplasm with an immune-inflammatory component. A key part of the classification of LCH as a neoplasm has been the identification of BRAF V600E mutations in 35% to 60% of cases. Tumor protein p53 (TP53) and RAS mutations have also been identified, albeit in less than 2% of reported cases. Of note, over 50% of patients with another dendritic cell disease, Erdheim-Chester Disease, have also been shown to have BRAF V600E mutations. Although the BRAF mutations have not been shown to be associated with extent of disease, they may still provide a target for a molecularly guided approach to therapy. In cases of LCH in which no BRAF mutations were identified, there was evidence for activation of the RAS-RAF-MEK-extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) pathway, suggesting that similar to other tumors, this pathway may be therapeutically exploitable. Anecdotal responses have been reported in a few patients with LCH and Erdheim-Chester Disease to vemurafenib, a BRAF V600E inhibitor. Although these results pave the way for careful, prospective clinical testing, selection of the optimal groups in which to test such inhibitors, alone or in combination, will be critical based on the toxicity profile thus far observed in adults with melanoma and other BRAF mutated tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Arceci
- From the Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Hematology/Oncology, Ron Matricaria Institute of Molecular Medicine, Phoenix Children's Hospital, University of Arizona, College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ
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