1
|
Mohammed MM, Okasha AMM, Naiem AHA, Mohamed RF, Abdelwahab SF, Mohamed HA. Cyclosporine Ameliorates Silica-Induced Autoimmune Hepatitis in Rat Model by Altering the Expression of Toll-Like Receptor-4, Interleukin-2, and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α. Curr Mol Med 2023; 23:87-95. [PMID: 34994326 DOI: 10.2174/1566524022666220106154111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an inflammatory liver disease that is characterized histologically by interface hepatitis, biochemically by elevated transaminase levels, and serologically by the presence of autoantibodies. Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 is a TLR family member that, upon activation in hepatocytes, initiates a cascade of events. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) are potent inflammatory cytokines secreted in AIH, playing an important role in the early development of inflammation and hepatocyte damage. OBJECTIVES This study examined the role of cyclosporine in AIH and illustrated its actions on altered hepatic function in the silica-induced AIH model. METHODS AIH was induced in Wistar rats using sodium silicate. The rats were divided into four groups: the control group, silica-AIH group, cyclosporine-treated group, and prevention group. TLR-4 and IL-2 mRNA expressions in liver tissues were tested by RTPCR. RESULTS AIH was associated with up-regulation of liver enzymes, IL-2 and TLR-4 gene expression, while cyclosporine significantly down-regulated the expression of both. The relative quantity of TLR-4 mRNA was 1±0, 13.57±1.91, 4±0.38, and 2±0 in control, AIH, cyclosporine, and prevention groups, respectively (p<0.001). Also, the relative quantity of IL-2 mRNA was 1±0, 14.79±1.42, 7.07±0.96, and 3.4±0.55 in control, AIH, cyclosporine, and prevention groups, respectively (p<0.001). Additionally, immunohistochemical staining for TNF-α in liver sections was increased in the silica-AIH group but was found to decrease in the cyclosporine-treated and prevention groups. CONCLUSION This study advocates the therapeutic role of cyclosporine in treating immune-mediated hepatic diseases. Cyclosporine improves histological alterations in the liver and inhibits the production of proinflammatory cytokines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed M M Okasha
- Departments of Biochemistry, Minia University Minia 61511, Egypt
| | | | - Reham F Mohamed
- Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Sayed F Abdelwahab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Al-Haweiah, PO Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem A Mohamed
- Departments of Biochemistry, Minia University Minia 61511, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ling Q, Hu X, Jiang R, Liu H, Qiu H, Jiang X, Zubreri A, Zhu H, Wan J, Liu Y. CQMUH-011 mitigates autoimmune hepatitis via inhibiting the function of T lymphocytes. Drug Dev Res 2021; 82:1111-1123. [PMID: 33733518 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
CQMUH-011 is a modified adamantane sulfonamide compound, that inhibits macrophage proliferation and possesses anti-inflammatory properties. Here, fresh mouse splenocytes were obtained and stimulated with concanavalin A (ConA, 5 μg/ml) in vitro; and experimental autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) was induced by ConA (20 mg/kg, iv) in vivo, to clarify the protective effects of CQMUH-011 against AIH and its possible mechanisms. Our results demonstrated that CQMUH-011 pretreatment can dose-dependently inhibit the proliferation of splenocytes in vitro. In vivo, CQMUH-011 administration reduced the hepatic histopathological score and the infiltration of lymphocytes in the liver parenchyma; additionally, it downregulated the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and pro-inflammatory cytokines interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-6 in serum, as well as those of methane dicarboxylic aldehyde and myeloperoxidase in the liver tissues. It also down-regulated the expression of p-NF-κB and related proteins in the liver tissues. Furthermore, CQMUH-011 could maintain the balance of CD3+ CD4+ /CD3+ CD8+ and decrease the percentages of CD8+ CD69+ and CD4+ CD25+/- CD69+ T-cells in the splenocytes of ConA-challenged mice. Moreover, we found thatCD4+ CD25+/- CD69+ T-cells were significantly correlated with ALT levels, especially CD4+ CD25- CD69+ T-cells. In conclusion, CQMUH-011 exerts potential protective effects against ConA-induced hepatitis, which may be partially attributed to its inhibition of T cells, especially the suppression of the proliferation of CD4+ CD25- CD69+ and CD8+ CD69+ subsets in the spleen. CQMUH-011 also reduced the early apoptosis of lymphocytes in the thymus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Ling
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangnan Hu
- College of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rong Jiang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hailin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongmei Qiu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Abdallah Zubreri
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongda Zhu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingyuan Wan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingju Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
El-Baz FK, Salama A, Ali SI, Elgohary R. Haematococcus pluvialis Carotenoids Enrich Fractions Ameliorate Liver Fibrosis Induced by Thioacetamide in Rats: Modulation of Metalloproteinase and Its Inhibitor. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6631415. [PMID: 33628797 PMCID: PMC7895575 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6631415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is a consequence of chronic liver diseases. Metalloproteinase and its inhibitor have crucial roles in the resolution of liver fibrosis. The current relevant study is aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Haematococcus pluvialis (H. pluvialis) extract, astaxanthin-rich fraction, astaxanthin ester-rich fraction, and β-carotene-rich fraction as well as their mechanisms of action in curing hepatic fibrosis induced by thioacetamide (TAA). Liver fibrosis was induced using TAA (intraperitoneal injection, two times a week for 6 weeks), in a rat model and H. pluvialis extract (200 mg/kg), and other fractions (30 mg/kg) were orally administered daily for 4 weeks after the last TAA injection. Based on HPLC analysis, H. pluvialis extract contains β-carotene (12.95 mg/g, extract) and free astaxanthin (10.85 mg/g, extract), while HPLC/ESI-MS analysis revealed that H. pluvialis extract contains 28 carotenoid compounds including three isomers of free astaxanthin, α or β-carotene, lutein, 14 astaxanthin mono-esters, 5 astaxanthin di-esters, and other carotenoids. H. pluvialis and its fractions reduced liver enzymes, nitric oxide, collagen 1, alpha-smooth muscle actin, and transforming growth factor-beta as well as elevated catalase antioxidant activity compared to the TAA group. Also, H. pluvialis extract and its fractions exceedingly controlled the balance between metalloproteinase and its inhibitor, activated Kupffer cells proliferation, and suppressed liver apoptosis, necrobiosis, and fibrosis. These findings conclude that H. pluvialis extract and its fractions have an antifibrotic effect against TAA-induced liver fibrosis by regulating the oxidative stress and proinflammatory mediators, suppressing multiple profibrogenic factors, and modulating the metalloproteinase and its inhibitor pathway, recommending H. pluvialis extract and its fractions for the development of new effective medicine for treating hepatic fibrosis disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farouk K. El-Baz
- Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), 12622 Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer Salama
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), 12622 Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sami I. Ali
- Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), 12622 Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania Elgohary
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), 12622 Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ji J, Fu T, Dong C, Zhu W, Yang J, Kong X, Zhang Z, Bao Y, Zhao R, Ge X, Sha X, Lu Z, Li J, Gu Z. Targeting HMGB1 by ethyl pyruvate ameliorates systemic lupus erythematosus and reverses the senescent phenotype of bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:4338-4353. [PMID: 31303606 PMCID: PMC6660056 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease involving multiple organs and systems. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from SLE patients have demonstrated defects such as impaired growth, senescence phenotype and immunomodulatory functions. Some studies have suggested the close connection between inflammation microenvironment and cellular senescence. In the current study, we detected cytokines levels in bone marrow supernatant by the quantitative proteomics analysis, and found the expression of HMGB1 was remarkably increased in bone marrow from SLE patients. Senescence associated-β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining, F-actin staining and flow cytometry were used to detect the senescence of cells. After stimulation of HMGB1 in normal MSCs, the ratio of SA-β-gal positive in BM-MSCs was increased, the organization of cytoskeleton was disordered, and TLR4-NF-κB signaling was activated. Finally, Ethyl pyruvate (EP) (40 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, three times a week), a high security HMGB1 inhibitor, was injected intraperitoneally to treat MRL/lpr mice for 8 weeks. We demonstrated that EP alleviated the clinical aspects of lupus nephritis and prolonged survival of MRL/lpr mice. In the meantime, EP reversed the senescent phenotype of BM-MSCs from MRL/lpr mice. HMGB1 could be a promising target in SLE patients, and might be one of the reasons of recurrence after MSCs transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ji
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 22600, P.R. China
| | - Ting Fu
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Chen Dong
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 22600, P.R. China.,Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Wenyan Zhu
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Junling Yang
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Kong
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 22600, P.R. China
| | - Zhongyuan Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 22600, P.R. China
| | - Yanfeng Bao
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 22600, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 22600, P.R. China.,Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Xinyu Ge
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 22600, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqi Sha
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 22600, P.R. China
| | - Zhimin Lu
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 22600, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 22600, P.R. China
| | - Zhifeng Gu
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 22600, P.R. China.,Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bi Y, Li J, Yang Y, Wang Q, Wang Q, Zhang X, Dong G, Wang Y, Duan Z, Shu Z, Liu T, Chen Y, Zhang K, Hong F. Human liver stem cells attenuate concanavalin A-induced acute liver injury by modulating myeloid-derived suppressor cells and CD4 + T cells in mice. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:22. [PMID: 30635035 PMCID: PMC6330470 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1128-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute liver failure (ALF) is a serious threat to the life of people all over the world. Finding an effective way to manage ALF is important. Human liver stem cells (HLSCs) are early undifferentiated cells that have been implicated in the regeneration and functional reconstruction of the liver. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the protective effects of the HLSC line HYX1 against concanavalin A (ConA)-induced acute liver injury. METHODS HYX1 cells were characterized by microscopy, functional assays, gene expression, and western blot analyses. We showed that HYX1 cells can differentiate into hepatocytes. We intraperitoneally injected HYX1 cells in mice and administered ConA via caudal vein injection 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h later. The effects of HYX1 cell transplantation were evaluated through blood tests, histology, and flow cytometry. RESULTS HYX1 cells reduced the levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and total bilirubin (TBIL) in serum and dramatically decreased the severity of liver injuries. Mechanistically, HYX1 cells promoted myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) migration into the spleen and liver, while reducing CD4+ T cell levels in both tissues. In addition, HYX1 cells suppressed the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), but led to increased interleukin-10 (IL-10) production. CONCLUSIONS These results confirm the efficacy of HLSCs in the prevention of the ConA-induced acute liver injury through modulation of MDSCs and CD4+ T cell migration and cytokine secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhen Bi
- Beijing Artificial Liver Treatment & Training Center, Beijing Youan Hospital, Captial Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiannan Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghong Yang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanyi Wang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanquan Wang
- Department of Neuromuscular Disease, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobei Zhang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanjun Dong
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, People's Republic of China
| | - Yibo Wang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongping Duan
- Beijing Artificial Liver Treatment & Training Center, Beijing Youan Hospital, Captial Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenfeng Shu
- Shanghai Meifeng Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongjun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Chen
- Beijing Artificial Liver Treatment & Training Center, Beijing Youan Hospital, Captial Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, People's Republic of China.
| | - Feng Hong
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lepidium meyenii Walp Exhibits Anti-Inflammatory Activity against ConA-Induced Acute Hepatitis. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:8982756. [PMID: 30647537 PMCID: PMC6311815 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8982756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Strong inflammation is a prominent pathogenesis of acute hepatitis, which can induce hepatocyte death and lead to liver failure. Lepidium meyenii Walp (Maca) is a traditional herbal medicine mostly used in improving sperm motility and serum hormone levels, etc. However, there are no reports that showed Maca was designed for treating hepatitis so far. Therefore, the protective effects and pharmacological mechanisms of Maca are unknown in hepatitis. In this study, we found that the protective effects of Maca extract ameliorate ConA-induced acute hepatitis (CIH) and underlying mechanisms. We determined that pretreatment with Maca extract significantly suppressed the production of aminotransferases and inflammatory cytokines, including IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-12, and IL-17a, and moderated acute liver injury in CIH. Maca recruited more myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) to the liver and suppressed infiltration of natural killer T cells (NKT cells) and macrophages in the liver. Furthermore, our data indicated the molecular mechanism of the inhibitory inflammatory effects of Maca, which should suppress the activation of NF-κB, IFN-γ/STAT1, and IL-6/STAT3 signalings. Collectively, this present research explores Maca as an effective hepatoprotective medicine to inhibit inflammation and liver injury caused by acute hepatitis.
Collapse
|
7
|
Wagner N, Dieteren S, Franz N, Köhler K, Mörs K, Nicin L, Schmidt J, Perl M, Marzi I, Relja B. Ethyl pyruvate ameliorates hepatic injury following blunt chest trauma and hemorrhagic shock by reducing local inflammation, NF-kappaB activation and HMGB1 release. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192171. [PMID: 29420582 PMCID: PMC5805235 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment of patients with multiple trauma including blunt chest/thoracic trauma (TxT) and hemorrhagic shock (H) is still challenging. Numerous studies show detrimental consequences of TxT and HS resulting in strong inflammatory changes, organ injury and mortality. Additionally, the reperfusion (R) phase plays a key role in triggering inflammation and worsening outcome. Ethyl pyruvate (EP), a stable lipophilic ester, has anti-inflammatory properties. Here, the influence of EP on the inflammatory reaction and liver injury in a double hit model of TxT and H/R in rats was explored. METHODS Female Lewis rats were subjected to TxT followed by hemorrhage/H (60 min, 35±3 mm Hg) and resuscitation/R (TxT+H/R). Reperfusion was performed by either Ringer`s lactated solution (RL) alone or RL supplemented with EP (50 mg/kg). Sham animals underwent all surgical procedures without TxT+H/R. After 2h, blood and liver tissue were collected for analyses, and survival was assessed after 24h. RESULTS Resuscitation with EP significantly improved haemoglobin levels and base excess recovery compared with controls after TxT+H/R, respectively (p<0.05). TxT+H/R-induced significant increase in alanine aminotransferase levels and liver injury were attenuated by EP compared with controls (p<0.05). Local inflammation as shown by increased gene expression of IL-6 and ICAM-1, enhanced ICAM-1 and HMGB1 protein expression and infiltration of the liver with neutrophils were also significantly attenuated by EP compared with controls after TxT+H/R (p<0.05). EP significantly reduced TxT+H/R-induced p65 activation in liver tissue. Survival rates improved by EP from 50% to 70% after TxT+H/R. CONCLUSIONS These data support the concept that the pronounced local pro-inflammatory response in the liver after blunt chest trauma and hemorrhagic shock is associated with NF-κB. In particular, the beneficial anti-inflammatory effects of ethyl pyruvate seem to be regulated by the HMGB1/NF-κB axis in the liver, thereby, restraining inflammatory responses and liver injury after double hit trauma in the rat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nils Wagner
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Scott Dieteren
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Niklas Franz
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Kernt Köhler
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Katharina Mörs
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Luka Nicin
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Julia Schmidt
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Mario Perl
- BG-Trauma Center Murnau, Murnau, Germany
| | - Ingo Marzi
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Borna Relja
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang M, Hu X, Li S, Lu C, Li J, Zong Y, Qi W, Yang H. Hepatoprotective effects of ethyl pyruvate against CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis via inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB signaling and up-regulation of MMPs/TIMPs ratio. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2018; 42:72-81. [PMID: 28601590 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Liver fibrosis is a worldwide clinical issue. It has been well established that liver fibrosis is characterized of excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in chronically damaged livers. Accumulating evidences have suggested that ethyl pyruvate (EP) is a potential useful agent for preventing from hepatic injury. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of the EP against liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats. METHOD Rats were randomly divided into control group, CCl4 group and CCl4+EP group, which with and without EP administration. Liver fibrosis was evaluated by serum biochemical parameters levels, Masson's trichromic staining and immunohistochemistry. Q-RTPCR was used to indicate genes expression. ELISA was used to detect proteins level. RESULTS This study demonstrates that Toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signal is an important regulator of liver fibrosis while TLR4/NF-κB mRNA and protein levels reduced during HSCs activation. In addition, down-regulated high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) expression reduced NF-κB transcription and phosphorylation, which inhibited HSCs activation by blocking the TLR4 signal. Moreover, EP contributed to an increase in the ratio of matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) to tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMPs), which might facilitate the degradation of the ECM. In CCl4-induced liver fibrosis rats, additional EP injection resulted in decreased ECM deposition and improved liver function. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the present findings indicated that EP might be an effective agent for anti-fibrotic therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingxiao Zhang
- Department of Morphology Lab, Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan Chengdu, China; Luoyang Vocational and Technical College, Luoyang, Henan, China.
| | - Xiaosong Hu
- Department of Morphology Lab, Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan Chengdu, China.
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Morphology Lab, Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Lu
- Department of Morphology Lab, Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Morphology Lab, Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan Chengdu, China
| | - Yonghua Zong
- Department of Morphology Lab, Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan Chengdu, China
| | - Wenqian Qi
- Department of Morphology Lab, Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan Chengdu, China
| | - Huijun Yang
- Department of Morphology Lab, Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rossmann C, Nusshold C, Paar M, Ledinski G, Tafeit E, Koestenberger M, Bernhart EM, Sattler W, Cvirn G, Hallström S. Ethyl pyruvate inhibits oxidation of LDL in vitro and attenuates oxLDL toxicity in EA.hy926 cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191477. [PMID: 29370236 PMCID: PMC5784938 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ethyl pyruvate (EP) exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. The aim of our study was to investigate whether EP is capable of inhibiting the oxidation of LDL, a crucial step in atherogenesis. Additionally, we examined whether EP attenuates the cytotoxic effects of highly oxidized LDL in the human vascular endothelial cell line EA.hy926. Methods Native LDL (nLDL) was oxidized using Cu2+ ions in the presence of increasing amounts of EP. The degree of LDL oxidation was quantified by measuring lipid hydroperoxide (LPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, relative electrophoretic mobilities (REMs), and oxidation-specific immune epitopes. The cytotoxicity of these oxLDLs on EA.hy926 cells was assessed by measuring cell viability and superoxide levels. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of highly oxidized LDL on EA.hy926 cells under increasing concentrations of EP in the media was assessed including measurements of high energy phosphates (ATP). Results Oxidation of nLDL using Cu2+ ions was remarkably inhibited by EP in a concentration-dependent manner, reflected by decreased levels of LPO, MDA, REM, oxidation-specific epitopes, and diminished cytotoxicity of the obtained oxLDLs in EA.hy926 cells. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of highly oxidized LDL on EA.hy926 cells was remarkably attenuated by EP added to the media in a concentration-dependent manner reflected by a decrease in superoxide and an increase in viability and ATP levels. Conclusions EP has the potential for an anti-atherosclerotic drug by attenuating both, the oxidation of LDL and the cytotoxic effect of (already formed) oxLDL in EA.hy926 cells. Chronic administration of EP might be beneficial to impede the development of atherosclerotic lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Rossmann
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christoph Nusshold
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Margret Paar
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerhard Ledinski
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Erwin Tafeit
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Eva Maria Bernhart
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Sattler
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerhard Cvirn
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- * E-mail:
| | - Seth Hallström
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang Y, Zhou L, Li Y, Guo L, Zhou Z, Xie H, Hou Y, Wang B. The Effects of Berberine on Concanavalin A-Induced Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH) in Mice and the Adenosine 5'-Monophosphate (AMP)-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:6150-6161. [PMID: 29283990 PMCID: PMC5753750 DOI: 10.12659/msm.907377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Berberine, a herbal extract, has been reported to protect against inflammatory disorders. The adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway can be activated by berberine and inhibited by the synthetic, reversible AMP-competitive inhibitor, Compound C. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of berberine on concanavalin A (Con A)-induced autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) in mice via the AMPK pathway. Material/Methods BALB/c mice were treated with berberine, with or without Compound C, followed by treatment with Con A. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were measured. Liver tissue histology was performed to evaluate hepatic injury and AIH. Cytokine levels in serum and hepatic tissue were measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) and used quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Levels of phosphorylated acetyl coenzyme-A carboxylase (ACC), representing AMPK activation, were detected by Western blotting. Results Serum ALT and AST levels were significantly reduced by berberine (100 and 200 mg/kg/day) in mice with Con A-induced hepatitis. Berberine also reduced Con A-induced hepatocyte swelling, cell death, and infiltration of leukocytes. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interferon (IF)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-2, and IL-1beta were reduced by berberine pre-treatment; levels of serum IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, was elevated. These protective effects of berberine on Con-A-induced AIH were reversed by treatment with Compound C. Conclusions In a murine model of Con A-induced AIH, berberine treatment reduced hepatic injury via activation of the AMPK pathway. Further studies are recommended to determine the potential therapeutic role for berberine in AIH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland).,Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Yanni Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Liping Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Zhe Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Haoran Xie
- College of Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Yingjian Hou
- College of Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Bangmao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fumigaclavine C exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing high mobility group box protein 1 relocation and release. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 812:234-242. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
12
|
15-Deoxy-Δ 12,14-prostaglandin J 2 alleviates hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice via inducing antioxidant response and inhibiting apoptosis and autophagy. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2017; 38:672-687. [PMID: 28216619 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2016.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common clinical impairment that occurs in many circumstances and leads to poor prognosis. Both apoptosis and autophagy have been shown to contribute to cell death in hepatic I/R injury. 15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) is one of the best-studied anti-inflammatory prostaglandins, which has been verified to exert anti-inflammatory and cell-protective functions in various types of cells and animal models. In this study we explored the effects of 15d-PGJ2 on both apoptosis and autophagy in mouse hepatic I/R injury and its possible mechanisms. A model of segmental (70%) hepatic warm ischemia was established in Balb/c mice, and the pathological changes in serum and liver tissues were detected at 6, 12, and 24 h post-surgery, while 15d-PGJ2 (2.5, 7.5, 15 μg, iv) was administered 30 min prior the surgery. Pretreatment with 15d-PGJ2 (7.5, 15 μg) significantly ameliorated I/R-induced hepatic injury evidenced by dose-dependent reduction of serum ALT and AST levels as well as alleviated tissue damages. 15d-PGJ2 pretreatment significantly decreased the serum TNF-α and IL-1β levels and the hepatic expression of F4/80, a major biomarker of macrophages. 15d-PGJ2 pretreatment upregulated the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, thus reducing the number of apoptotic cells in the livers. 15d-PGJ2 pretreatment considerably suppressed the expression of Beclin-1 and LC3, thus decreasing the number of autophagosomes in the livers. Furthermore, 15d-PGJ2 pretreatment activated Nrf2 and inhibited a ROS/HIF1α/BNIP3 pathway in the livers. Pretreatment with the PPARγ receptor blocker GW9662 (2 μg, ip) partly reversed the protective effects of 15d-PGJ2 on hepatic I/R injury. In conclusion, our results confirm the protective effect of 15d-PGJ2 on hepatic I/R injury, an effect that may rely on a reduction in the activation of Kupffer cells and on activation of the Nrf2 pathway, which lead to inhibition of ROS generation, apoptosis, and autophagy.
Collapse
|
13
|
Yang R, Zhu S, Tonnessen TI. Ethyl pyruvate is a novel anti-inflammatory agent to treat multiple inflammatory organ injuries. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2016; 13:37. [PMID: 27980458 PMCID: PMC5135784 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-016-0144-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ethyl pyruvate (EP) is a simple derivative of pyruvic acid, which is an important endogenous metabolite that can scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS). Treatment with EP is able to ameliorate systemic inflammation and multiple organ dysfunctions in multiple animal models, such as acute pancreatitis, alcoholic liver injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute viral myocarditis, acute kidney injury and sepsis. Recent studies have demonstrated that prolonged treatment with EP can ameliorate experimental ulcerative colitis and slow multiple tumor growth. It has become evident that EP has pharmacological anti-inflammatory effect to inhibit multiple early inflammatory cytokines and the late inflammatory cytokine HMGB1 release, and the anti-tumor activity is likely associated with its anti-inflammatory effect. EP has been tested in human volunteers and in a clinical trial of patients undergoing cardiac surgery in USA and shown to be safe at clinical relevant doses, even though EP fails to improve outcome of the heart surgery, EP is still a promising agent to treat patients with multiple inflammatory organ injuries and the other clinical trials are on the way. This review focuses on how EP is able to ameliorate multiple organ injuries and summarize recently published EP investigations. The targets of the anti-inflammatory agent EP ![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Runkuan Yang
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, University of Tampere, 10 Bio katu, Tampere, 33014 Finland ; Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA ; Department of Emergencies and Critical Care, Rikshospital of Oslo University, PO Box 4950, Nydalen, Oslo 0424 Norway
| | - Shengtao Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong An Road, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Tor Inge Tonnessen
- Department of Emergencies and Critical Care, Rikshospital of Oslo University, PO Box 4950, Nydalen, Oslo 0424 Norway ; Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo 0316 Norway
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li Y, Li X, Qu Y, Huang J, Zhu T, Zhao F, Li S, Mu D. Role of HMGB1 translocation to neuronal nucleus in rat model with septic brain injury. Neurosci Lett 2016; 645:90-96. [PMID: 27889435 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
High-mobility Group Box-1 (HMGB1) is a central late proinflammatory cytokine that triggers the inflammatory response during sepsis. However, whether HMGB1 is involved in the pathogenesis of septic brain damage is unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of HMGB1 in regulating brain injury in a rat model of sepsis. Wistar rats were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) to induce septic brain injury. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to detect pathological changes in the cortex. The cellular localization of HMGB1 was determined using immunostaining. Cortical levels of HMGB1, its receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), and downstream effecter, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) subunit p65, were detected via western blot.HMGB1was increased in the cytoplasm via translocation from the nucleus predominantly in neurons. Moreover, RAGE and NF-κB p65 were upregulated after septic brain injury. Ethyl pyruvate, an inhibitor of HMGB1, down-regulated the expression of RAGE and NF-κB p65via inhibiting HMGB1 expression in the cytoplasm. Collectively, our findings suggest that HMGB1 and its signaling transduction have critical roles in the pathogenesis of septic brain injury. HMGB1 inhibition might be a potential new therapeutic target for septic brain injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Li
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041,China
| | - Xihong Li
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041,China.
| | - Yi Qu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041,China
| | - Jichong Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041,China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041,China
| | - Fengyan Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041,China
| | - Shiping Li
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041,China
| | - Dezhi Mu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041,China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ahmed N, Bakhashwain NF, Alsehemi AF, El-Agamy DS. Hepatoprotective role of vardenafil against experimentally induced hepatitis in mice. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2016; 31. [PMID: 27762466 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Vardenafil is a selective phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor used for erectile dysfunction treatment. The hepatoprotective role of vardenafil against acute hepatitis is not reported yet. Hence, this study aims to explore the protective role of vardenafil against concanavalin A (Con A) induced acute liver injury. Mice were pretreated with vardenafil (0.17 mg/kg/day) for seven consecutive days, and then subjected to a single IV injection of Con A. The results demonstrated that the vardenafil pretreatment significantly reduced the elevated serum levels of transaminases and alkaline phosphatase. Histopathological examination showed marked necrosis and inflammation in Con A-treated mice which was significantly ameliorated in vardenafil pretreated animals. Vardenafil pretreatment significantly alleviated the expression of nuclear factor kappa-B and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the hepatic tissue. Additionally, serum levels of nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were decreased in vardenafil pretreated animals compared to the Con A group. Therefore, our results demonstrate that vardenafil has hepatoprotective effect and this could be linked to decrease inflammatory mediators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nishat Ahmed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, 30001, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada F Bakhashwain
- Pharm D Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, 30001, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa F Alsehemi
- Pharm D Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, 30001, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dina S El-Agamy
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, 30001, Saudi Arabia.,Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
ELnahas EM, Zeid MSA, Kawy HSA, Hendawy N, Baher W. Celecoxib attenuates depressive-like behavior associated with immunological liver injury in C57BL/6 mice through TNF-α and NF-κb dependent mechanisms. Life Sci 2016; 163:23-37. [PMID: 27580523 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM Depression associating patients with chronic liver diseases is a major treatment goal. This study aimed to evaluate the potential hepatoprotective and antidepressant effects of celecoxib in a model of experimental autoimmune hepatitis (EAH) and depressive-like behavior in C57BL/6 mice. MAIN METHODS EAH was induced by immunization with S-100 liver antigen emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). Mice were randomly allocated to 5 groups; control phosphate buffered saline group; control CFA group; EAH group, and 2 groups of EAH plus celecoxib (7.5 or 15mg/kg/d respectively). Mice were assessed behaviorally by novelty-suppressed test, tail suspension test, locomotor assessment and forced swimming tests. Serum liver enzymes and hepatic hydroxyproline content were biochemically analyzed. Histopathological analysis for liver and brain sections and immunohistochemical studies for hepatic and hippocampal tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), nuclear factor Kappa-B (NF-κB) and caspase-3 were performed. KEY FINDINGS EAH group exhibited significant depressive-like changes, increase in liver enzymes and hepatic hydroxyproline content. Signs of autoimmune hepatitis and structural changes in hippocampus were confirmed by histopathological studies. Immunohistochemical examination revealed overexpression of hepatic and hippocampal TNF-α, NF-κB and caspase-3 positive cells. Celecoxib (7.5mg/kg/d) significantly ameliorated hepatic biochemical changes, hepatic and hippocampal histopathological and immunohistochemical changes induced in EAH group. Celecoxib (15mg/kg/d) significantly ameliorated the behavioral changes, histopathological and immunohistochemical changes in hippocampus, with non-significant change in hepatic biochemical profile, histopathological and immunohistochemical changes induced in EAH group. SIGNIFICANCE The celecoxib (7.5mg/kg/d) through its anti-inflammatory effect may represent a new therapeutic approach to treat autoimmune hepatitis associated with depressive symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nevien Hendawy
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Walaa Baher
- Histolology & Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Protective Effects of Dracocephalum heterophyllum in ConA-Induced Acute Hepatitis. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:2684321. [PMID: 27524863 PMCID: PMC4976189 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2684321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dracocephalum heterophyllum (DH) is a Chinese herbal medicine used in treating hepatitis. However, the protective effects and pharmacological mechanisms of DH in hepatitis are unknown. In this study, we found that pretreatment with DH extract significantly ameliorated liver injury and suppressed the production of inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in Concanavalin A- (ConA-) induced hepatitis (CIH). DH recruited more CD11b+ Gr1+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) to the liver and suppressed infiltration of macrophages (Kupffer cells) in the liver. The present work explores DH as an effective hepatoprotective medicine to inhibit inflammation and liver injury caused by hepatitis.
Collapse
|
18
|
Li J, Chen K, Li S, Liu T, Wang F, Xia Y, Lu J, Zhou Y, Guo C. Pretreatment with Fucoidan from Fucus vesiculosus Protected against ConA-Induced Acute Liver Injury by Inhibiting Both Intrinsic and Extrinsic Apoptosis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152570. [PMID: 27035150 PMCID: PMC4818100 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effects of fucoidan from Fucus vesiculosus on concanavalin A (ConA)-induced acute liver injury in mice. Pretreatment with fucoidan protected liver function indicated by ALT, AST and histopathological changes by suppressing inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ). In addition, intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis mediated by Bax, Bid, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and Caspase 3, 8, and 9 were inhibited by fucoidan and the action was associated with the TRADD/TRAF2 and JAK2/STAT1 signal pathways. Our results demonstrated that fucoidan from Fucus vesiculosus alleviated ConA-induced acute liver injury via the inhibition of intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis mediated by the TRADD/TRAF2 and JAK2/STAT1 pathways which were activated by TNF-α and IFN-γ. These findings could provide a potential powerful therapy for T cell-related hepatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Kan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Sainan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yujing Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yingqun Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Chuanyong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chen K, Li J, Li S, Feng J, Wu L, Liu T, Zhang R, Xu S, Cheng K, Zhou Y, Zhou S, Wang F, Dai W, Xia Y, Lu J, Zhou Y, Guo C. 15d-PGJ2 alleviates ConA-induced acute liver injury in mice by up-regulating HO-1 and reducing hepatic cell autophagy. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 80:183-192. [PMID: 27133055 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we confirmed a protective effect of 15d-PGJ2 in concanavalin A (ConA)-induced fulminant hepatitis in mice and investigated the potential mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Balb/C mice were injected with ConA (25mg/kg) to induce acute fulminant hepatitis, and 15d-PGJ2 (2.5-10μg) was administered 30min after the ConA injection. The histological grade, pro-inflammatory cytokine and ROS levels, apoptosis and autophagy activity, the expression of HO-1, Nrf2, JNK and Bcl-2 activity were determined 2, 4, and 8h after the ConA injection. RESULTS Following ConA challenge, the expression of cytokines tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) was up-regulated. Treatment with 15d-PGJ2 reduced the pathological effects of ConA-induced fulminant hepatitis and significantly reduced the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and ROS after injection. 15d-PGJ2 inhibited apoptosis and autophagic cell death, facilitated Nrf2 nuclear translocation, increased HO-1 expression and suppressed the JNK activation. CONCLUSION 15d-PGJ2 alleviates ConA-induced acute liver injury in mice by up-regulating the anti-oxidative stress factor HO-1 and reducing the production of cytokines and ROS, thereby inhibiting hepatic cell autophagy probably induced by ROS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Sainan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Jiao Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Liwei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Shizan Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Keran Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; The First affiliated hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Yuqing Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; The First affiliated hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Shunfeng Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; The First affiliated hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Weiqi Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Yujing Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Yingqun Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Chuanyong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yu Y, Yu Y, Liu M, Yu P, Liu G, Liu Y, Su Y, Jiang H, Chen R. Ethyl pyruvate attenuated coxsackievirus B3-induced acute viral myocarditis by suppression of HMGB1/RAGE/NF-ΚB pathway. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:215. [PMID: 27026909 PMCID: PMC4771665 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-1857-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation plays important roles in the pathogenesis of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)-induced acute viral myocarditis (AVMC). Ethyl pyruvate (EP) has been shown to be an anti-inflammatory agent. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)/receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE)/nuclear factor (NF)-ΚB pathway has close relation with inflammatory responses. Here, we investigated the effects of EP on CVB3-induced AVMC and potential mechanisms. The mice with AVMC were treated with EP (40 or 80 mg/kg/day) from day 5 to day 7 post-infection. EP significantly decreased the mortality of mice with AVMC. H&E staining and immunohistochemistry for HMGB1 demonstrated less inflammatory lesions and fewer abnormal location of HMGB1 in the hearts of AVMC mice receiving EP. Immuoblot showed that EP significantly inhibited the levels of HMGB1, RAGE, phospho(p)-NF-ΚB and p-I-ΚBα, and raised I-ΚBα expression in the hearts of AVMC mice. Furthermore, real-time PCR and Elisa displayed decreased levels of HMGB1, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-17 and increased levels of IL-10 in the hearts and serum of AVMC mice treated with EP. Our findings suggest that EP protects against CVB3-induced AVMC that is associated with inhibition of HMGB1/RAGE/NF-ΚB pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yu
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Ministry of Public Health, Shanghai, 200032 China.,Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Yong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Ministry of Public Health, Shanghai, 200032 China.,Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Ming Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Peng Yu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Guijian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Ministry of Public Health, Shanghai, 200032 China.,Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Yuxi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Ministry of Public Health, Shanghai, 200032 China.,Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Yangang Su
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Ruizhen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Ministry of Public Health, Shanghai, 200032 China.,Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhou C, Jia HM, Liu YT, Yu M, Chang X, Ba YM, Zou ZM. Metabolism of glycerophospholipid, bile acid and retinol is correlated with the early outcomes of autoimmune hepatitis. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2016; 12:1574-85. [DOI: 10.1039/c6mb00092d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study first reports the metabolic variations at the early stage of the liver injury related to autoimmune hepatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100193
- P. R. China
| | - Hong-mei Jia
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100193
- P. R. China
| | - Yue-tao Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100193
- P. R. China
| | - Meng Yu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100193
- P. R. China
| | - Xing Chang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100193
- P. R. China
| | - Yuan-ming Ba
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of TCM
- Wuhan
- P. R. China
| | - Zhong-mei Zou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100193
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hasan IH, El-Desouky MA, Hozayen WG, Abd el Aziz GM. Protective Effect of Zingiber Officinale against CCl4-Induced Liver Fibrosis Is Mediated through Downregulating the TGF-β1/Smad3 and NF-ĸB/IĸB Pathways. Pharmacology 2015; 97:1-9. [PMID: 26551763 DOI: 10.1159/000441229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
No ideal hepatoprotective agents are available in modern medicine to effectively prevent liver disorders. In this study, we aimed at evaluating the potential of Zingiber officinale in the regression of liver fibrosis and its underlining mechanism of action. To induce liver fibrosis, male Wistar rats received CCl4 (2 ml/kg/2 times/week; i.p.), with and without 300 or 600 mg/kg Z. officinale extract daily through oral gavage. To assess the protective effect of Z. officinale, liver function parameters, histopathology, inflammatory markers and gene expression of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1)/Smad3 and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-ĸB)/IĸB pathways were analyzed. Results demonstrate that Z. officinale extract markedly prevented liver injury as evident by the decreased liver marker enzymes. Concurrent administration of Z. officinale significantly protected against the CCl4-induced inflammation as showed by the decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels as well as the downregulation of the NF-ĸB)/IĸB and TGF-β1/Smad3 pathways in CCl4-administered rats. In conclusion, our study provides evidence that the protective effect of Z. officinale against rat liver fibrosis could be explained through its ability to modulate the TGF-β1/Smad3 and NF-ĸB)/IĸB signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iman H Hasan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Yin Q, Li J, Xia Y, Zhang R, Wang J, Lu W, Zhou Y, Zheng Y, Abudumijiti H, Chen R, Chen K, Li S, Liu T, Wang F, Lu J, Zhou Y, Guo C. Systematic review and meta-analysis: bezafibrate in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2015; 9:5407-19. [PMID: 26491252 PMCID: PMC4599574 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s92041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is the standard treatment for primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), but not all cases respond well. Evidence has shown that combination therapy of UDCA with bezafibrate significantly improved liver function. A meta-analysis was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of UDCA and bezafibrate combination therapy in the treatment of PBC. RESULTS Nine trials, with a total of 269 patients, were included in the analysis. The bias risk of these trials was high. Compared with UDCA alone, the combination with bezafibrate improved the Mayo risk score (mean difference [MD], 0.60; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.25-0.95; P=0.0008) and liver biochemistry: alkaline phosphatase (MD, -238.21 IU/L; 95% CI, -280.83 to -195.60; P<0.00001); gamma-glutamyltransferase (MD, -38.23 IU/L; 95% CI, -50.16 to -25.85; P<0.00001); immunoglobulin M (MD, -128.63 IU/L; 95% CI, -151.55 to -105.71; P<0.00001); bilirubin (MD, -0.20 mg/dL; 95% CI, -0.33 to -0.07; P=0.002); triglycerides (MD, -26.84 mg/dL; 95% CI, -36.51 to -17.17; P<0.0001); total cholesterol (MD, -21.58 mg/dL; 95% CI, -30.81 to -12.34; P<0.0001), and serum alanine aminotransferase (MD, -10.24 IU/L; 95% CI, -12.65 to -78.5; P<0.00001). However, combination therapy showed no significant differences in the incidence of all-cause mortality or pruritus, and may have resulted in more adverse events (risk ratio [RR], 0.22; 95% CI, 0.07-0.67; P=0.008). CONCLUSION Combination therapy improved liver biochemistry and the prognosis of PBC, but did not improve clinical symptoms or incidence of death. Attention should be paid to adverse events when using bezafibrate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yujing Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianrong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenxia Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huerxidan Abudumijiti
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongxia Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sainan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingqun Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuanyong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Luo Q, Zhu L, Ding J, Zhuang X, Xu L, Chen F. Protective effect of galangin in Concanavalin A-induced hepatitis in mice. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:2983-92. [PMID: 26089647 PMCID: PMC4468934 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s80979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Galangin is an active pharmacological ingredient from propolis and Alpinia officinarum Hance, and has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. The present study aims to reveal the effect of galangin on Concanavalin A (ConA)-induced hepatitis (CIH), a well-established animal model of immune-mediated liver injury, and to clarify the related mechanism. C57BL/6 mice were pretreated with galangin followed by ConA challenge. Results indicated that galangin inhibited ConA-induced liver damage. Mice pretreated with galangin showed more reduction of liver damage when compared with control mice pretreated with vehicle solution. In galangin-pretreated mice with induced CIH, increases in serum levels of several inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, and interleukin-12 were dramatically attenuated, and chemokines and adhesion molecules like interferon inducible protein-10, macrophage inflammatory protein-1α, and inter-cellular adhesion molecule-1 messenger RNA expressions in liver were decreased. Moreover, CIH mice pretreated with galangin showed less leukocyte infiltration and T-cell activation in the liver. Further, the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effects of galangin may be attributed to its modulation of crucial inflammatory signaling pathways, including nuclear factor kappa B and interferon-gamma/signal transducer and activator of transcription 1. Collectively, these findings suggest the preventive and therapeutic potential of galangin in immune-mediated liver injury in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingqiong Luo
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Zhu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieying Ding
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Zhuang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Xu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuxiang Chen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhou Y, Chen K, He L, Xia Y, Dai W, Wang F, Li J, Li S, Liu T, Zheng Y, Wang J, Lu W, Yin Q, Zhou Y, Lu J, Teng H, Guo C. The Protective Effect of Resveratrol on Concanavalin-A-Induced Acute Hepatic Injury in Mice. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2015; 2015:506390. [PMID: 26089871 PMCID: PMC4458299 DOI: 10.1155/2015/506390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacologic Relevance. Resveratrol, an antioxidant derived from grapes, has been reported to modulate the inflammatory process. In this study, we investigated the effects of resveratrol and its mechanism of protection on concanavalin-A- (ConA-) induced liver injury in mice. Materials and Methods. Acute autoimmune hepatitis was induced by ConA (20 mg/kg) in Balb/C mice; mice were treated with resveratrol (10, 20, and 30 mg/kg) daily by oral gavage for fourteen days prior to a single intravenous injection of ConA. Eight hours after injection, histologic grading, proinflammatory cytokine levels, and hedgehog pathway activity were determined. Results. After ConA injection, the cytokines IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α were increased, and Sonic hedgehog (Shh), Glioblastoma- (Gli-) 1, and Patched (Ptc) levels significantly increased. Pretreatment with resveratrol ameliorated the pathologic effects of ConA-induced autoimmune hepatitis and significantly inhibited IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, Shh, Gli-1, and Ptc. The effects of resveratrol on the hedgehog pathway were studied by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Resveratrol decreased Shh expression, possibly by inhibiting Shh expression in order to reduce Gli-1 and Ptc expression. Conclusion. Resveratrol protects against ConA-induced autoimmune hepatitis by decreasing cytokines expression in mice. The decreases seen in Gli-1 and Ptc may correlate with the amelioration of hedgehog pathway activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingqun Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Kan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Lei He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yujing Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Weiqi Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Sainan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jianrong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Wenxia Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Qin Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yuqing Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Hongfei Teng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Chuanyong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Li J, Xia Y, Liu T, Wang J, Dai W, Wang F, Zheng Y, Chen K, Li S, Abudumijiti H, Zhou Z, Wang J, Lu W, Zhu R, Yang J, Zhang H, Yin Q, Wang C, Zhou Y, Lu J, Zhou Y, Guo C. Protective effects of astaxanthin on ConA-induced autoimmune hepatitis by the JNK/p-JNK pathway-mediated inhibition of autophagy and apoptosis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120440. [PMID: 25761053 PMCID: PMC4356569 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Astaxanthin, a potent antioxidant, exhibits a wide range of biological activities, including antioxidant, atherosclerosis and antitumor activities. However, its effect on concanavalin A (ConA)-induced autoimmune hepatitis remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of astaxanthin on ConA-induced hepatitis in mice, and to elucidate the mechanisms of regulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Autoimmune hepatitis was induced in in Balb/C mice using ConA (25 mg/kg), and astaxanthin was orally administered daily at two doses (20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg) for 14 days before ConA injection. Levels of serum liver enzymes and the histopathology of inflammatory cytokines and other maker proteins were determined at three time points (2, 8 and 24 h). Primary hepatocytes were pretreated with astaxanthin (80 μM) in vitro 24 h before stimulation with TNF-α (10 ng/ml). The apoptosis rate and related protein expression were determined 24 h after the administration of TNF-α. RESULTS Astaxanthin attenuated serum liver enzymes and pathological damage by reducing the release of inflammatory factors. It performed anti-apoptotic effects via the descending phosphorylation of Bcl-2 through the down-regulation of the JNK/p-JNK pathway. CONCLUSION This research firstly expounded that astaxanthin reduced immune liver injury in ConA-induced autoimmune hepatitis. The mode of action appears to be downregulation of JNK/p-JNK-mediated apoptosis and autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yujing Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Junshan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Weiqi Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Kan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Sainan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Huerxidan Abudumijiti
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jianrong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Wenxia Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Rong Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Huawei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Qin Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Chengfen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yuqing Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yingqun Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Chuanyong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Aslani F, Schuppe HC, Guazzone VA, Bhushan S, Wahle E, Lochnit G, Lustig L, Meinhardt A, Fijak M. Targeting high mobility group box protein 1 ameliorates testicular inflammation in experimental autoimmune orchitis. Hum Reprod 2014; 30:417-31. [PMID: 25452436 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deu320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Does high mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) regulate inflammatory reactions in a rat model of experimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO)? SUMMARY ANSWER HMGB1 appears to be involved in regulating inflammatory reactions in testes, as HMGB1 is translocated from testicular cells during the course of EAO and blocking its action by ethyl pyruvate (EP) reduces disease progression and spermatogenic damage. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Despite its immune privileged status, the human testis is prone to inflammatory lesions associated with male factor infertility. Accumulating evidence shows that HMGB1 plays an important role in onset and progression of autoimmune diseases. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This is a cross sectional and longitudinal study involving Wistar male rats immunized with testicular homogenates to induce EAO 50 (EAO50; n = 10) and 80 (EAO80; n = 10) days after first immunization. Control adjuvant animals received saline instead of testicular homogenate (n = 16). Untreated animals (n = 10) were also studied. An interventional study was performed to block the action of HMGB1 starting 20 days after first immunization in EAO animals and respective controls (n = 17). Rats were treated i.p. with EP and the effect of EP treatment on testicular pathogenesis was evaluated 30 days later. Moreover, human testicular biopsies from infertile men with focal lymphocytic infiltrates (n = 7) and sections with intact spermatogenesis (n = 6) were probed with antibodies against HMGB1. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Testicular RNA and protein extracts from EAO animals, EAO animals treated with EP and relevant controls were used for analysis of cytokine expression by real-time RT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. HMGB1 was co-localized on rat testicular cross sections with antibodies against testicular macrophages (TM), peritubular cells (PTC) and Sertoli cells (SC). Interaction of HMGB1 and its receptors (RAGE, TLR4) as well signaling pathways after HMGB1 stimulation were studied in isolated TM, PTC and SC by proximity ligation assay and western blot, respectively. Furthermore, HMGB1 immunofluorescence on human testicular biopsies was performed. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE HMGB1 was translocated from the nuclei in EAO testes and testes of infertile men with impaired spermatogenesis and lymphocytic infiltrates. Elevated HMGB1 levels were observed during late phase of EAO. In testicular somatic cells HMGB1 receptors Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) were differentially expressed: HMGB1-TLR4 binding was predominant in TM, while HMGB1-RAGE interaction was prevalent in SC and PTC. In support, HMGB1 triggered extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element-binding protein (CREB) activation in SC and PTC, while TM responded to HMGB1 stimulation with p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and p65 nuclear factor Kappa B (NF-ĸB) phosphorylation followed by increased tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) mRNA levels. In vivo treatment of EAO animals with EP 20 days after induction of disease revealed beneficial effects, as documented by reduced disease progression and spermatogenic damage, lower macrophage numbers, as well as decreased concentrations of HMGB1 and IL-6 in the testis compared with EAO controls. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The ability of HMGB1 to bind to a wide range of receptors makes it difficult to prevent its action by blockade of a specific receptor; therefore we applied EP, a drug preventing HMGB1 release from cells. Due to its mode of action EP decreases also the secretion of some other pro-inflammatory cytokines. Using isolated primary cells imposes limitations for cell transfection studies. As a compromise between purity and yield primary cells need to be isolated from animals of different age, which has to be considered when comparing their responses. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS HMGB1 could be a promising target in attenuating testicular damage caused by inflammatory reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ferial Aslani
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Hans-Christian Schuppe
- Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Vanesa A Guazzone
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas UBA-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1121 ABG, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sudhanshu Bhushan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Eva Wahle
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Günter Lochnit
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Livia Lustig
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas UBA-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1121 ABG, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andreas Meinhardt
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Monika Fijak
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kang R, Chen R, Zhang Q, Hou W, Wu S, Cao L, Huang J, Yu Y, Fan XG, Yan Z, Sun X, Wang H, Wang Q, Tsung A, Billiar TR, Zeh HJ, Lotze MT, Tang D. HMGB1 in health and disease. Mol Aspects Med 2014; 40:1-116. [PMID: 25010388 PMCID: PMC4254084 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 693] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Complex genetic and physiological variations as well as environmental factors that drive emergence of chromosomal instability, development of unscheduled cell death, skewed differentiation, and altered metabolism are central to the pathogenesis of human diseases and disorders. Understanding the molecular bases for these processes is important for the development of new diagnostic biomarkers, and for identifying new therapeutic targets. In 1973, a group of non-histone nuclear proteins with high electrophoretic mobility was discovered and termed high-mobility group (HMG) proteins. The HMG proteins include three superfamilies termed HMGB, HMGN, and HMGA. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), the most abundant and well-studied HMG protein, senses and coordinates the cellular stress response and plays a critical role not only inside of the cell as a DNA chaperone, chromosome guardian, autophagy sustainer, and protector from apoptotic cell death, but also outside the cell as the prototypic damage associated molecular pattern molecule (DAMP). This DAMP, in conjunction with other factors, thus has cytokine, chemokine, and growth factor activity, orchestrating the inflammatory and immune response. All of these characteristics make HMGB1 a critical molecular target in multiple human diseases including infectious diseases, ischemia, immune disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancer. Indeed, a number of emergent strategies have been used to inhibit HMGB1 expression, release, and activity in vitro and in vivo. These include antibodies, peptide inhibitors, RNAi, anti-coagulants, endogenous hormones, various chemical compounds, HMGB1-receptor and signaling pathway inhibition, artificial DNAs, physical strategies including vagus nerve stimulation and other surgical approaches. Future work further investigating the details of HMGB1 localization, structure, post-translational modification, and identification of additional partners will undoubtedly uncover additional secrets regarding HMGB1's multiple functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
| | - Ruochan Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Qiuhong Zhang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Wen Hou
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Sha Wu
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Lizhi Cao
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xue-Gong Fan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zhengwen Yan
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA; Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Xiaofang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510510, China
| | - Haichao Wang
- Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Qingde Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Allan Tsung
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Timothy R Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Herbert J Zeh
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Michael T Lotze
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Cheng P, Chen K, Xia Y, Dai W, Wang F, Shen M, Wang C, Yang J, Zhu R, Zhang H, Li J, Zheng Y, Wang J, Zhang Y, Lu J, Zhou Y, Guo C. Hydrogen sulfide, a potential novel drug, attenuates concanavalin A-induced hepatitis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2014; 8:1277-86. [PMID: 25246769 PMCID: PMC4166909 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s66573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is known to exert anti-inflammatory properties. Apoptosis and autophagy play important roles in concanavalin A (Con A)-induced acute hepatitis. The purpose of this study was to explore both the effect and mechanism of H2S on Con A-induced acute hepatitis. METHODS BALB/c mice were randomized into sham group, Con A-injection group, and 14 μmol/kg of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS, an H2S donor) pretreatment group. RESULTS Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and pathological damage were significantly ameliorated by NaHS pretreatment. NaHS pretreatment significantly reduced the levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α compared with those of the Con A group. The expression of Bcl-2, Bax, Beclin-1, and LC3-2, which play important roles in the apoptosis and autophagy pathways, were also clearly affected by NaHS. Furthermore, NaHS affected the p-mTOR and p-AKT. CONCLUSION H2S attenuates Con A-induced acute hepatitis by inhibiting apoptosis and autophagy, in part, through activation of the PtdIns3K-AKT1 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Kan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujing Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiqi Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengfen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Huawei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Junshan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingqun Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanyong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Cheng P, Wang F, Chen K, Shen M, Dai W, Xu L, Zhang Y, Wang C, Li J, Yang J, Zhu R, Zhang H, Zheng Y, Lu J, Zhou Y, Guo C. Hydrogen sulfide ameliorates ischemia/reperfusion-induced hepatitis by inhibiting apoptosis and autophagy pathways. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:935251. [PMID: 24966472 PMCID: PMC4055384 DOI: 10.1155/2014/935251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is an important clinical problem, and its consequences can seriously threaten human health. Apoptosis and autophagy have been shown to contribute to cell death in hepatic I/R injury. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is the third most common endogenously produced gaseous signaling molecule and is known to exert a protective effect against hepatic I/R injury. In this study, the purpose is to explore both the effect and mechanism of H2S on hepatic I/R injury. METHODS Balb/c mice were randomized into Sham, I/R, or two doses (14 μmol/kg and 28 μmol/kg) of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS, an H2S donor) preconditioning groups. RESULTS NaHS significantly reduced the levels of TNF- α and IL-6 at 12 h and 24 h after injection compared with ischemia/reperfusion challenge alone. The expression of Bcl-2, Bax, Beclin-1, and LC3, which play important roles in the regulation of the apoptosis and autophagy pathways, was also clearly affected by NaHS. Furthermore, NaHS affected the p-JNK1, p-ERK1, and p-p38. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that H2S attenuates hepatic I/R injury, at least in part, by regulating apoptosis through inhibiting JNK1 signaling. The autophagy agonist rapamycin potentiated this hepatoprotective effect by reversing the inhibition of autophagy by H2S.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Kan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Miao Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Weiqi Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Tongren Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Chengfen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Rong Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College of the Tenth People's Hospital of Nangjing Medical University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Huawei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yingqun Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Chuanyong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Protective effect of astaxanthin on liver fibrosis through modulation of TGF-β1 expression and autophagy. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:954502. [PMID: 24860243 PMCID: PMC4016904 DOI: 10.1155/2014/954502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Revised: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a common pathway leading to cirrhosis and a worldwide clinical issue. Astaxanthin is a red carotenoid pigment with antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of astaxanthin on liver fibrosis and its potential protective mechanisms. Liver fibrosis was induced in a mouse model using CCL4 (intraperitoneal injection, three times a week for 8 weeks), and astaxanthin was administered everyday at three doses (20, 40, and 80 mg/kg). Pathological results indicated that astaxanthin significantly improved the pathological lesions of liver fibrosis. The levels of alanine aminotransferase aspartate aminotransferase and hydroxyproline were also significantly decreased by astaxanthin. The same results were confirmed in bile duct liagtion, (BDL) model. In addition, astaxanthin inhibited hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation and formation of extracellular matrix (ECM) by decreasing the expression of NF-κB and TGF-β1 and maintaining the balance between MMP2 and TIMP1. In addition, astaxanthin reduced energy production in HSCs by downregulating the level of autophagy. These results were simultaneously confirmed in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, our study showed that 80 mg/kg astaxanthin had a significant protective effect on liver fibrosis by suppressing multiple profibrogenic factors.
Collapse
|