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Grilo LF, Zimmerman KD, Puppala S, Chan J, Huber HF, Li G, Jadhav AYL, Wang B, Li C, Clarke GD, Register TC, Oliveira PJ, Nathanielsz PW, Olivier M, Pereira SP, Cox LA. Cardiac Molecular Analysis Reveals Aging-Associated Metabolic Alterations Promoting Glycosaminoglycans Accumulation Via Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.17.567640. [PMID: 38014295 PMCID: PMC10680868 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.17.567640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Age is a prominent risk factor for cardiometabolic disease, and often leads to heart structural and functional changes. However, precise molecular mechanisms underlying cardiac remodeling and dysfunction resulting from physiological aging per se remain elusive. Understanding these mechanisms requires biological models with optimal translation to humans. Previous research demonstrated that baboons undergo age-related reduction in ejection fraction and increased heart sphericity, mirroring changes observed in humans. The goal of this study was to identify early cardiac molecular alterations that precede functional adaptations, shedding light on the regulation of age-associated changes. We performed unbiased transcriptomics of left ventricle (LV) samples from female baboons aged 7.5-22.1 years (human equivalent ~30-88 years). Weighted-gene correlation network and pathway enrichment analyses were performed to identify potential age-associated mechanisms in LV, with histological validation. Myocardial modules of transcripts negatively associated with age were primarily enriched for cardiac metabolism, including oxidative phosphorylation, tricarboxylic acid cycle, glycolysis, and fatty-acid β-oxidation. Transcripts positively correlated with age suggest upregulation of glucose uptake, pentose phosphate pathway, and hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP), indicating a metabolic shift towards glucose-dependent anabolic pathways. Upregulation of HBP commonly results in increased glycosaminoglycan precursor synthesis. Transcripts involved in glycosaminoglycan synthesis, modification, and intermediate metabolism were also upregulated in older animals, while glycosaminoglycan degradation transcripts were downregulated with age. These alterations would promote glycosaminoglycan accumulation, which was verified histologically. Upregulation of extracellular matrix (ECM)-induced signaling pathways temporally coincided with glycosaminoglycan accumulation. We found a subsequent upregulation of cardiac hypertrophy-related pathways and an increase in cardiomyocyte width. Overall, our findings revealed a transcriptional shift in metabolism from catabolic to anabolic pathways that leads to ECM glycosaminoglycan accumulation through HBP prior to upregulation of transcripts of cardiac hypertrophy-related pathways. This study illuminates cellular mechanisms that precede development of cardiac hypertrophy, providing novel potential targets to remediate age-related cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís F. Grilo
- CNC-UC, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, PDBEB - Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kip D. Zimmerman
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Sobha Puppala
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jeannie Chan
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Hillary F. Huber
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ge Li
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Avinash Y. L. Jadhav
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Benlian Wang
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Cun Li
- Texas Pregnancy & Life-Course Health Research Center, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA
| | - Geoffrey D. Clarke
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Thomas C. Register
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Section on Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Paulo J. Oliveira
- CNC-UC, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Peter W. Nathanielsz
- Texas Pregnancy & Life-Course Health Research Center, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA
| | - Michael Olivier
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Susana P. Pereira
- CNC-UC, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Laura A. Cox
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Section on Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Konda M, Kitabatake M, Ouji-Sageshima N, Tonomura R, Furukawa R, Sonobe S, Terada-Ikeda C, Takeda M, Kawaguchi M, Ito T. A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs 4 Regulates Pulmonary Vascular Hyperpermeability through Destruction of Glycocalyx in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16230. [PMID: 38003418 PMCID: PMC10671186 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has no specific and effective treatment, and there is an urgent need to understand its pathogenesis. Therefore, based on the hypothesis that molecules whose expression is upregulated in injured pulmonary vascular endothelial cells (VECs) are involved in the pathogenesis of ARDS, we conducted a study to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and identify target factors for treatment. Primary human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC-Ls) were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or poly (I:C) and analyzed via a microarray to identify target genes for ARDS. We found that a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 4 (ADAMTS4) was induced in murine lung VECs in an LPS-mediated ARDS model. Elevated ADAMTS4 was also observed by the immunostaining of lung samples from ARDS patients. The suppression of ADAMTS4 by siRNA in VECs ameliorated LPS-stimulated vascular permeability. The impairment of the cell surface expression of syndecan-1, a marker of the glycocalyx that is an extracellular matrix involved in vascular permeability, was dramatically inhibited by ADAMTS4 suppression. In addition, the suppression of ADAMTS4 protected against LPS-induced reductions in syndecan-1 and the adherens junction protein vascular endothelial cadherin. These results suggest that ADAMTS4 regulates VEC permeability in ARDS and may be a predictive marker and therapeutic target for ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Konda
- Department of Immunology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 6348521, Japan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 6348521, Japan
| | | | | | - Rei Tonomura
- Department of Immunology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 6348521, Japan
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 6348521, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Furukawa
- Department of Immunology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 6348521, Japan
| | - Shota Sonobe
- Department of Immunology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 6348521, Japan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 6348521, Japan
| | - Chiyoko Terada-Ikeda
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 6348521, Japan
| | - Maiko Takeda
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 6348521, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kawaguchi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 6348521, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Ito
- Department of Immunology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 6348521, Japan
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Vistnes M, Erusappan PM, Sasi A, Nordén ES, Bergo KK, Romaine A, Lunde IG, Zhang L, Olsen MB, Øgaard J, Carlson CR, Wang CH, Riise J, Dahl CP, Fiane AE, Hauge-Iversen IM, Espe E, Melleby AO, Tønnessen T, Aronsen JM, Sjaastad I, Christensen G. Inhibition of the extracellular enzyme A disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin motif 4 prevents cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:1915-1927. [PMID: 37216909 PMCID: PMC10439713 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Heart failure is a condition with high mortality rates, and there is a lack of therapies that directly target maladaptive changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM), such as fibrosis. We investigated whether the ECM enzyme known as A disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin motif (ADAMTS) 4 might serve as a therapeutic target in treatment of heart failure and cardiac fibrosis. METHODS AND RESULTS The effects of pharmacological ADAMTS4 inhibition on cardiac function and fibrosis were examined in rats exposed to cardiac pressure overload. Disease mechanisms affected by the treatment were identified based on changes in the myocardial transcriptome. Following aortic banding, rats receiving an ADAMTS inhibitor, with high inhibitory capacity for ADAMTS4, showed substantially better cardiac function than vehicle-treated rats, including ∼30% reduction in E/e' and left atrial diameter, indicating an improvement in diastolic function. ADAMTS inhibition also resulted in a marked reduction in myocardial collagen content and a down-regulation of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β target genes. The mechanism for the beneficial effects of ADAMTS inhibition was further studied in cultured human cardiac fibroblasts producing mature ECM. ADAMTS4 caused a 50% increase in the TGF-β levels in the medium. Simultaneously, ADAMTS4 elicited a not previously known cleavage of TGF-β-binding proteins, i.e. latent-binding protein of TGF-β and extra domain A-fibronectin. These effects were abolished by the ADAMTS inhibitor. In failing human hearts, we observed a marked increase in ADAMTS4 expression and cleavage activity. CONCLUSION Inhibition of ADAMTS4 improves cardiac function and reduces collagen accumulation in rats with cardiac pressure overload, possibly through a not previously known cleavage of molecules that control TGF-β availability. Targeting ADAMTS4 may serve as a novel strategy in heart failure treatment, in particular, in heart failure with fibrosis and diastolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vistnes
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Diakonveien 12, 0370 Oslo, Norway
| | - Pugazendhi Murugan Erusappan
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
| | - Athiramol Sasi
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
| | - Einar Sjaastad Nordén
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kaja Knudsen Bergo
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
| | - Andreas Romaine
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ida Gjervold Lunde
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
| | - Lili Zhang
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
| | - Maria Belland Olsen
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jonas Øgaard
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Cathrine Rein Carlson
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
| | - Christian Hjorth Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Diakonveien 12, 0370 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jon Riise
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullernchausseen 70, 0379 Oslo, Norway
| | - Christen Peder Dahl
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Arnt Eltvedt Fiane
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Klaus Torgårdsvei 3, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ida Marie Hauge-Iversen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
| | - Emil Espe
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
| | - Arne Olav Melleby
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 9, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Theis Tønnessen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Magnus Aronsen
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Klaus Torgårdsvei 3, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 9, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pharmacology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
| | - Geir Christensen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
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Smith MM, Melrose J. Pentosan Polysulfate Affords Pleotropic Protection to Multiple Cells and Tissues. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:437. [PMID: 36986536 PMCID: PMC10132487 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Pentosan polysulfate (PPS), a small semi-synthetic highly sulfated heparan sulfate (HS)-like molecule, shares many of the interactive properties of HS. The aim of this review was to outline the potential of PPS as an interventional therapeutic protective agent in physiological processes affecting pathological tissues. PPS is a multifunctional molecule with diverse therapeutic actions against many disease processes. PPS has been used for decades in the treatment of interstitial cystitis and painful bowel disease, it has tissue-protective properties as a protease inhibitor in cartilage, tendon and IVD, and it has been used as a cell-directive component in bioscaffolds in tissue engineering applications. PPS regulates complement activation, coagulation, fibrinolysis and thrombocytopenia, and it promotes the synthesis of hyaluronan. Nerve growth factor production in osteocytes is inhibited by PPS, reducing bone pain in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis (OA/RA). PPS also removes fatty compounds from lipid-engorged subchondral blood vessels in OA/RA cartilage, reducing joint pain. PPS regulates cytokine and inflammatory mediator production and is also an anti-tumor agent that promotes the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and the development of progenitor cell lineages that have proven to be useful in strategies designed to effect repair of the degenerate intervertebral disc (IVD) and OA cartilage. PPS stimulates proteoglycan synthesis by chondrocytes in the presence or absence of interleukin (IL)-1, and stimulates hyaluronan production by synoviocytes. PPS is thus a multifunctional tissue-protective molecule of potential therapeutic application for a diverse range of disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret M. Smith
- Raymond Purves Laboratory, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Health and Science, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia;
| | - James Melrose
- Raymond Purves Laboratory, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Health and Science, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia;
- Graduate Schools of Biomedical Engineering, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, Northern Campus, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
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Krishnan R, Stapledon CJM, Mostafavi H, Freitas JR, Liu X, Mahalingam S, Zaid A. Anti-inflammatory actions of Pentosan polysulfate sodium in a mouse model of influenza virus A/PR8/34-induced pulmonary inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1030879. [PMID: 36845136 PMCID: PMC9947849 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1030879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction There is an unmet medical need for effective anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of acute and post-acute lung inflammation caused by respiratory viruses. The semi-synthetic polysaccharide, Pentosan polysulfate sodium (PPS), an inhibitor of NF-kB activation, was investigated for its systemic and local anti-inflammatory effects in a mouse model of influenza virus A/PR8/1934 (PR8 strain) mediated infection. Methods Immunocompetent C57BL/6J mice were infected intranasally with a sublethal dose of PR8 and treated subcutaneously with 3 or 6 mg/kg PPS or vehicle. Disease was monitored and tissues were collected at the acute (8 days post-infection; dpi) or post-acute (21 dpi) phase of disease to assess the effect of PPS on PR8-induced pathology. Results In the acute phase of PR8 infection, PPS treatment was associated with a reduction in weight loss and improvement in oxygen saturation when compared to vehicle-treated mice. Associated with these clinical improvements, PPS treatment showed a significant retention in the numbers of protective SiglecF+ resident alveolar macrophages, despite uneventful changes in pulmonary leukocyte infiltrates assessed by flow cytometry. PPS treatment in PR8- infected mice showed significant reductions systemically but not locally of the inflammatory molecules, IL-6, IFN-g, TNF-a, IL-12p70 and CCL2. In the post-acute phase of infection, PPS demonstrated a reduction in the pulmonary fibrotic biomarkers, sICAM-1 and complement factor C5b9. Discussion The systemic and local anti-inflammatory actions of PPS may regulate acute and post-acute pulmonary inflammation and tissue remodeling mediated by PR8 infection, which warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Krishnan
- Research and Development, Paradigm Biopharmaceuticals Ltd., Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Helen Mostafavi
- Emerging Viruses, Inflammation and Therapeutics Group, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- Global Virus Network (GVN) Center for Excellence in Arboviruses, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Joseph R. Freitas
- Emerging Viruses, Inflammation and Therapeutics Group, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- Global Virus Network (GVN) Center for Excellence in Arboviruses, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Xiang Liu
- Emerging Viruses, Inflammation and Therapeutics Group, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- Global Virus Network (GVN) Center for Excellence in Arboviruses, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Suresh Mahalingam
- Emerging Viruses, Inflammation and Therapeutics Group, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- Global Virus Network (GVN) Center for Excellence in Arboviruses, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Ali Zaid
- Emerging Viruses, Inflammation and Therapeutics Group, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- Global Virus Network (GVN) Center for Excellence in Arboviruses, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
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Wang Y, Hammer A, Hoefler G, Malle E, Hawkins CL, Chuang CY, Davies MJ. Hypochlorous Acid and Chloramines Induce Specific Fragmentation and Cross-Linking of the G1-IGD-G2 Domains of Recombinant Human Aggrecan, and Inhibit ADAMTS1 Activity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020420. [PMID: 36829979 PMCID: PMC9952545 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease and a leading cause of mortality. It is characterized by arterial wall plaques that contain high levels of cholesterol and other lipids and activated leukocytes covered by a fibrous cap of extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM undergoes remodelling during atherogenesis, with increased expression of aggrecan, a proteoglycan that binds low-density-lipoproteins (LDL). Aggrecan levels are regulated by proteases, including a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 1 (ADAMTS1). Activated leukocytes release myeloperoxidase (MPO) extracellularly, where it binds to proteins and proteoglycans. Aggrecan may therefore mediate colocalization of MPO and LDL. MPO generates hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and chloramines (RNHCl species, from reaction of HOCl with amines on amino acids and proteins) that damage LDL and proteins, but effects on aggrecan have not been examined. The present study demonstrates that HOCl cleaves truncated (G1-IGD-G2) recombinant human aggrecan at specific sites within the IGD domain, with these being different from those induced by ADAMTS1 which also cleaves within this region. Irreversible protein cross-links are also formed dose-dependently. These effects are limited by the HOCl scavenger methionine. Chloramines including those formed on amino acids, proteins, and ECM materials induce similar damage. HOCl and taurine chloramines inactivate ADAMTS1 consistent with a switch from proteolytic to oxidative aggrecan fragmentation. Evidence is also presented for colocalization of aggrecan and HOCl-generated epitopes in advanced human atherosclerotic plaques. Overall, these data show that HOCl and chloramines can induce specific modifications on aggrecan, and that these effects are distinct from those of ADAMTS1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihe Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Astrid Hammer
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Gerald Hoefler
- Institute of Pathology, Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ernst Malle
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Clare L. Hawkins
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christine Y. Chuang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Correspondence: (C.Y.C.); (M.J.D.)
| | - Michael J. Davies
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Correspondence: (C.Y.C.); (M.J.D.)
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7
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Corboz MR, Plaunt AJ, Malinin VS, Li Z, Gauani H, Chun D, Cipolla D, Perkins WR, Chapman RW. Assessment of Inhaled Treprostinil Palmitil, Inhaled and Intravenous Treprostinil, and Oral Selexipag in a Sugen/Hypoxia Rat Model of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2022; 383:103-116. [PMID: 36507843 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.122.001174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Treprostinil palmitil (TP), a long-acting inhaled pulmonary vasodilator prodrug of treprostinil (TRE), has beneficial effects in a Sugen5416/hypoxia (Su/Hx) rat model of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) that compare favorably to the oral phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE5) sildenafil. In this study in male Sprague-Dawley rats, a dry powder formulation of TP (TPIP) was compared with inhaled and intravenous TRE and oral selexipag to evaluate inhibition of hemodynamic and pathologic changes in the lungs and heart induced by Su/Hx challenge. Su (20 mg/kg) was injected subcutaneously followed by 3 weeks of Hx (10% O2/balance N2) and then initiation of test article administration over 5 weeks with room air breathing. Hemodynamics and histopathology were measured at the end of the study. Su/Hx challenge approximately doubled the mean pulmonary arterial blood pressure (mPAP) and the Fulton index, decreased cardiac output (CO), doubled the wall thickness and muscularization of the small (10-50 μm) and medium (51-100 μm) sized pulmonary arteries, and increased the percentage of obliterated pulmonary blood vessels. Even though inhaled TRE (65 μg/kg, 4× daily), intravenous TRE (810 ng/kg/min), and oral selexipag (30 mg/kg, twice daily) provided some beneficial effects against the Su/Hx challenge, the overall benefit was generally greater with TPIP at high dose (117 μg/kg, once daily). These results demonstrate that TPIP compares favorably to inhaled and intravenous TRE and oral selexipag with respect to inhibition of the pathophysiological changes induced by Su/Hx challenge in rats. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Treprostinil palmitil (TP) is a long-acting pulmonary vasodilator prodrug of treprostinil (TRE) formulated for inhaled administration by dry powder [treprostinil palmitil inhalation powder (TPIP)]. Comparison of the activity of TPIP, inhaled and intravenous TRE, and oral selexipag in a Sugen5416/hypoxia (Su/Hx) rat model of pulmonary arterial hypertension demonstrated that each of these drugs exert protection against the hemodynamic and histopathological changes induced by the Su/Hx challenge, with the greatest effect on these changes produced by TPIP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhili Li
- Insmed Incorporated, Bridgewater, New Jersey
| | | | - Donald Chun
- Insmed Incorporated, Bridgewater, New Jersey
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8
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Qu H, Khalil RA. Role of ADAM and ADAMTS Disintegrin and Metalloproteinases in Normal Pregnancy and Preeclampsia. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 206:115266. [PMID: 36191626 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Normal pregnancy (NP) involves intricate processes starting with egg fertilization, proceeding to embryo implantation, placentation and gestation, and culminating in parturition. These pregnancy-related processes require marked uteroplacental and vascular remodeling by proteolytic enzymes and metalloproteinases. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) and ADAM with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) are members of the zinc-dependent family of proteinases with highly conserved protein structure and sequence homology, which include a pro-domain, and a metalloproteinase, disintegrin and cysteine-rich domain. In NP, ADAMs and ADAMTS regulate sperm-egg fusion, embryo implantation, trophoblast invasion, placental angiogenesis and spiral arteries remodeling through their ectodomain proteolysis of cell surface cytokines, cadherins and growth factors as well as their adhesion with integrins and cell-cell junction proteins. Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious complication of pregnancy characterized by new-onset hypertension (HTN) in pregnancy (HTN-Preg) at or after 20 weeks of gestation, with or without proteinuria. Insufficient trophoblast invasion of the uterine wall, inadequate expansive remodeling of the spiral arteries, reduced uteroplacental perfusion pressure, and placental ischemia/hypoxia are major initiating events in the pathogenesis of PE. Placental ischemia/hypoxia increase the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which lead to aberrant expression/activity of certain ADAMs and ADAMTS. In PE, abnormal expression/activity of specific ADAMs and ADAMTS that function as proteolytic sheddases could alter proangiogenic and growth factors, and promote the release of antiangiogenic factors and inflammatory cytokines into the placenta and maternal circulation leading to generalized inflammation, endothelial cell injury and HTN-Preg, renal injury and proteinuria, and further decreases in uteroplacental blood flow, exaggeration of placental ischemia, and consequently fetal growth restriction. Identifying the role of ADAMs and ADAMTS in NP and PE has led to a better understanding of the underlying molecular and vascular pathways, and advanced the potential for novel biomarkers for prediction and early detection, and new approaches for the management of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Qu
- Vascular Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Raouf A Khalil
- Vascular Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
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9
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Yuan Z, Murakoshi N, Xu D, Tajiri K, Okabe Y, Aonuma K, Murakata Y, Li S, Song Z, Shimoda Y, Mori H, Aonuma K, Ieda M. Identification of potential dilated cardiomyopathy-related targets by meta-analysis and co-expression analysis of human RNA-sequencing datasets. Life Sci 2022; 306:120807. [PMID: 35841977 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) remains among the most refractory heart diseases because of its complicated pathogenesis, and the key molecules that cause it remain unclear. MAIN METHODS To elucidate the molecules and upstream pathways critical for DCM pathogenesis, we performed meta-analysis and co-expression analysis of RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) datasets from publicly available databases. We analyzed three RNA-seq datasets containing comparisons of RNA expression in left ventricles between healthy controls and DCM patients. We extracted differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and clarified upstream regulators of cardiovascular disease-related DEGs by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) analysis were also used to identify the hub gene candidates strongly associated with DCM. KEY FINDINGS In total, 406 samples (184 healthy, 222 DCM) were used in this study. Overall, 391 DEGs [absolute fold change (FC) ≥ 1.5; P < 0.01], including 221 upregulated and 170 downregulated ones in DCM, were extracted. Seven common hub genes (LUM, COL1A2, CXCL10, FMOD, COL3A1, ADAMTS4, MRC1) were finally screened. IPA showed several upstream transcriptional regulators, including activating (NFKBIA, TP73, CALR, NFKB1, KLF4) and inhibiting (CEBPA, PPARGC1A) ones. We further validated increased expression of several common hub genes in the transverse aortic constriction-induced heart failure model. SIGNIFICANCE In conclusion, meta-analysis and WGCNA using RNA-seq databases of DCM patients identified seven hub genes and seven upstream transcriptional regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixun Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Murakoshi
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan.
| | - Dongzhu Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan
| | - Kazuko Tajiri
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan
| | - Yuta Okabe
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Aonuma
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Murakata
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan
| | - Siqi Li
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan
| | - Zonghu Song
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan
| | - Yuzuno Shimoda
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan
| | - Haruka Mori
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Aonuma
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan
| | - Masaki Ieda
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan
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10
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Khanam R, Sengupta A, Mukhopadhyay D, Chakraborty S. Identification of Adamts4 as a novel adult cardiac injury biomarker with therapeutic implications in patients with cardiac injuries. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9898. [PMID: 35701493 PMCID: PMC9197855 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13918-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological cardiac remodeling as an aftermath of a severe cardiac injury can lead to ventricular dysfunction and subsequent heart failure. Adamts4, a metalloproteinase, and disintegrin with thrombospondin-like motif, involved in the turnover of certain extracellular matrix molecules and pathogenesis of osteoarthritis, also plays a role in cardiac remodeling although little is presently known about its expression and function in the heart. Here, we have investigated the dynamic expression pattern of Adamts4 during cardiogenesis and also in the adult heart. To our surprise, adult cardiac injury reactivated Adamts4 expression concomitant with fibrosis induction. To better understand the mechanism, cultured H9c2 cardiomyocyte cells were subjected to ROS injury and Hypoxia. Moreover, through combinatorial treatment with SB431542 (an inhibitor of Tgf-β1), and Adamts4 siRNA mediated gene knockdown, we were able to decipher a regulatory hierarchy to the signal cascade being at the heart of Tgf-β regulation. Besides the hallmark expression of Adamts4 and Tgf-β1, expression of other fibrosis-related markers like Collagen-III, alpha-SMA and Periostin were also assessed. Finally, increased levels of Adamts4 and alpha-SMA proteins in cardiac patients also resonated well with our animal and cell culture studies. Overall, in this study, we highlight, Adamts4 as a novel biomarker of adult cardiac injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riffat Khanam
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | - Arunima Sengupta
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Dipankar Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (IPGME&R), SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, 700020, India
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11
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Anto Michel N, Ljubojevic-Holzer S, Bugger H, Zirlik A. Cellular Heterogeneity of the Heart. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:868466. [PMID: 35548426 PMCID: PMC9081371 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.868466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in technology such as the introduction of high throughput multidimensional tools like single cell sequencing help to characterize the cellular composition of the human heart. The diversity of cell types that has been uncovered by such approaches is by far greater than ever expected before. Accurate identification of the cellular variety and dynamics will not only facilitate a much deeper understanding of cardiac physiology but also provide important insights into mechanisms underlying its pathological transformation. Distinct cellular patterns of cardiac cell clusters may allow differentiation between a healthy heart and a sick heart while potentially predicting future disease at much earlier stages than currently possible. These advances have already extensively improved and will ultimately revolutionize our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying cardiovascular disease as such. In this review, we will provide an overview of the cells present in the human and rodent heart as well as genes that may be used for their identification.
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12
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Smith MM, Hayes AJ, Melrose J. Pentosan Polysulphate (PPS), a Semi-Synthetic Heparinoid DMOAD With Roles in Intervertebral Disc Repair Biology emulating The Stem Cell Instructive and Tissue Reparative Properties of Heparan Sulphate. Stem Cells Dev 2022; 31:406-430. [PMID: 35102748 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2022.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This review highlights the attributes of pentosan polysulphate (PPS) in the promotion of intervertebral disc (IVD) repair processes. PPS has been classified as a disease modifying osteoarthritic drug (DMOAD) and many studies have demonstrated its positive attributes in the countering of degenerative changes occurring in cartilaginous tissues during the development of osteoarthritis (OA). Degenerative changes in the IVD also involve inflammatory cytokines, degradative proteases and cell signalling pathways similar to those operative in the development of OA in articular cartilage. PPS acts as a heparan sulphate (HS) mimetic to effect its beneficial effects in cartilage. The IVD contains small cell membrane HS-proteoglycans (HSPGs) such as syndecan, and glypican and a large multifunctional HS/chondroitin sulphate (CS) hybrid proteoglycan (HSPG2/perlecan) that have important matrix stabilising properties and sequester, control and present growth factors from the FGF, VEGF, PDGF and BMP families to cellular receptors to promote cell proliferation, differentiation and matrix synthesis. HSPG2 also has chondrogenic properties and stimulates the synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, expansion of cartilaginous rudiments and has roles in matrix stabilisation and repair. Perlecan is a perinuclear and nuclear proteoglycan in IVD cells with roles in chromatin organisation and control of transcription factor activity, immunolocalises to stem cell niches in cartilage, promotes escape of stem cells from quiescent recycling, differentiation and attainment of pluripotency and migratory properties. These participate in tissue development and morphogenesis, ECM remodelling and repair. PPS also localises in the nucleus of stromal stem cells, promotes development of chondroprogenitor cell lineages, ECM synthesis and repair and discal repair by resident disc cells. The availability of recombinant perlecan and PPS offer new opportunities in repair biology. These multifunctional agents offer welcome new developments in repair strategies for the IVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret M Smith
- The University of Sydney Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratories, 247198, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia;
| | - Anthony J Hayes
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, University of Cardiff, UK, Bioimaging Unit, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;
| | - James Melrose
- Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, Raymond Purves Lab, Sydney Medical School Northern, Level 10, Kolling Institute B6, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia, 2065.,University of New South Wales, 7800, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of NSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, 2052;
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13
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ADAM and ADAMTS disintegrin and metalloproteinases as major factors and molecular targets in vascular malfunction and disease. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2022; 94:255-363. [PMID: 35659374 PMCID: PMC9231755 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase (ADAM) and A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs (ADAMTS) are two closely related families of proteolytic enzymes. ADAMs are largely membrane-bound enzymes that act as molecular scissors or sheddases of membrane-bound proteins, growth factors, cytokines, receptors and ligands, whereas ADAMTS are mainly secreted enzymes. ADAMs have a pro-domain, and a metalloproteinase, disintegrin, cysteine-rich and transmembrane domain. Similarly, ADAMTS family members have a pro-domain, and a metalloproteinase, disintegrin, and cysteine-rich domain, but instead of a transmembrane domain they have thrombospondin motifs. Most ADAMs and ADAMTS are activated by pro-protein convertases, and can be regulated by G-protein coupled receptor agonists, Ca2+ ionophores and protein kinase C. Activated ADAMs and ADAMTS participate in numerous vascular processes including angiogenesis, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, vascular cell apoptosis, cell survival, tissue repair, and wound healing. ADAMs and ADAMTS also play a role in vascular malfunction and cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, heart failure, peripheral artery disease, and vascular aneurysm. Decreased ADAMTS13 is involved in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and microangiopathies. The activity of ADAMs and ADAMTS can be regulated by endogenous tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases and other synthetic small molecule inhibitors. ADAMs and ADAMTS can be used as diagnostic biomarkers and molecular targets in cardiovascular disease, and modulators of ADAMs and ADAMTS activity may provide potential new approaches for the management of cardiovascular disorders.
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14
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Phyo SA, Uchida K, Chen CY, Caporizzo MA, Bedi K, Griffin J, Margulies K, Prosser BL. Transcriptional, Post-Transcriptional, and Post-Translational Mechanisms Rewrite the Tubulin Code During Cardiac Hypertrophy and Failure. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:837486. [PMID: 35433678 PMCID: PMC9010559 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.837486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A proliferated and post-translationally modified microtubule network underlies cellular growth in cardiac hypertrophy and contributes to contractile dysfunction in heart failure. Yet how the heart achieves this modified network is poorly understood. Determining how the "tubulin code"-the permutations of tubulin isoforms and post-translational modifications-is rewritten upon cardiac stress may provide new targets to modulate cardiac remodeling. Further, while tubulin can autoregulate its own expression, it is unknown if autoregulation is operant in the heart or tuned in response to stress. Here we use heart failure patient samples and murine models of cardiac remodeling to interrogate transcriptional, autoregulatory, and post-translational mechanisms that contribute to microtubule network remodeling at different stages of heart disease. We find that autoregulation is operant across tubulin isoforms in the heart and leads to an apparent disconnect in tubulin mRNA and protein levels in heart failure. We also find that within 4 h of a hypertrophic stimulus and prior to cardiac growth, microtubule detyrosination is rapidly induced to help stabilize the network. This occurs concomitant with rapid transcriptional and autoregulatory activation of specific tubulin isoforms and microtubule motors. Upon continued hypertrophic stimulation, there is an increase in post-translationally modified microtubule tracks and anterograde motors to support cardiac growth, while total tubulin content increases through progressive transcriptional and autoregulatory induction of tubulin isoforms. Our work provides a new model for how the tubulin code is rapidly rewritten to establish a proliferated, stable microtubule network that drives cardiac remodeling, and provides the first evidence of tunable tubulin autoregulation during pathological progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Aung Phyo
- Department of Genetics and Epigenetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Keita Uchida
- Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Christina Yingxian Chen
- Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Matthew A Caporizzo
- Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kenneth Bedi
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Joanna Griffin
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kenneth Margulies
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Benjamin L Prosser
- Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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15
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The extracellular matrix glycoprotein ADAMTSL2 is increased in heart failure and inhibits TGFβ signalling in cardiac fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19757. [PMID: 34611183 PMCID: PMC8492753 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99032-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis accompanies most heart diseases and is associated with adverse patient outcomes. Transforming growth factor (TGF)β drives extracellular matrix remodelling and fibrosis in the failing heart. Some members of the ADAMTSL (a disintegrin-like and metalloproteinase domain with thrombospondin type 1 motifs-like) family of secreted glycoproteins bind to matrix microfibrils, and although their function in the heart remains largely unknown, they are suggested to regulate TGFβ activity. The aims of this study were to determine ADAMTSL2 levels in failing hearts, and to elucidate the role of ADAMTSL2 in fibrosis using cultured human cardiac fibroblasts (CFBs). Cardiac ADAMTSL2 mRNA was robustly increased in human and experimental heart failure, and mainly expressed by fibroblasts. Over-expression and treatment with extracellular ADAMTSL2 in human CFBs led to reduced TGFβ production and signalling. Increased ADAMTSL2 attenuated myofibroblast differentiation, with reduced expression of the signature molecules α-smooth muscle actin and osteopontin. Finally, ADAMTSL2 mitigated the pro-fibrotic CFB phenotypes, proliferation, migration and contractility. In conclusion, the extracellular matrix-localized glycoprotein ADAMTSL2 was upregulated in fibrotic and failing hearts of patients and mice. We identified ADAMTSL2 as a negative regulator of TGFβ in human cardiac fibroblasts, inhibiting myofibroblast differentiation and pro-fibrotic properties.
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16
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Rose KWJ, Taye N, Karoulias SZ, Hubmacher D. Regulation of ADAMTS Proteases. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:701959. [PMID: 34268335 PMCID: PMC8275829 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.701959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type I motifs (ADAMTS) proteases are secreted metalloproteinases that play key roles in the formation, homeostasis and remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The substrate spectrum of ADAMTS proteases can range from individual ECM proteins to entire families of ECM proteins, such as the hyalectans. ADAMTS-mediated substrate cleavage is required for the formation, remodeling and physiological adaptation of the ECM to the needs of individual tissues and organ systems. However, ADAMTS proteases can also be involved in the destruction of tissues, resulting in pathologies such as arthritis. Specifically, ADAMTS4 and ADAMTS5 contribute to irreparable cartilage erosion by degrading aggrecan, which is a major constituent of cartilage. Arthritic joint damage is a major contributor to musculoskeletal morbidity and the most frequent clinical indication for total joint arthroplasty. Due to the high sequence homology of ADAMTS proteases in their catalytically active site, it remains a formidable challenge to design ADAMTS isotype-specific inhibitors that selectively inhibit ADAMTS proteases responsible for tissue destruction without affecting the beneficial functions of other ADAMTS proteases. In vivo, proteolytic activity of ADAMTS proteases is regulated on the transcriptional and posttranslational level. Here, we review the current knowledge of mechanisms that regulate ADAMTS protease activity in tissues including factors that induce ADAMTS gene expression, consequences of posttranslational modifications such as furin processing, the role of endogenous inhibitors and pharmacological approaches to limit ADAMTS protease activity in tissues, which almost exclusively focus on inhibiting the aggrecanase activity of ADAMTS4 and ADAMTS5.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dirk Hubmacher
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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17
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Abstract
The a disintegrin-like and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif (ADAMTS) family comprises 19 proteases that regulate the structure and function of extracellular proteins in the extracellular matrix and blood. The best characterized cardiovascular role is that of ADAMTS-13 in blood. Moderately low ADAMTS-13 levels increase the risk of ischeamic stroke and very low levels (less than 10%) can cause thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). Recombinant ADAMTS-13 is currently in clinical trials for treatment of TTP. Recently, new cardiovascular roles for ADAMTS proteases have been discovered. Several ADAMTS family members are important in the development of blood vessels and the heart, especially the valves. A number of studies have also investigated the potential role of ADAMTS-1, -4 and -5 in cardiovascular disease. They cleave proteoglycans such as versican, which represent major structural components of the arteries. ADAMTS-7 and -8 are attracting considerable interest owing to their implication in atherosclerosis and pulmonary arterial hypertension, respectively. Mutations in the ADAMTS19 gene cause progressive heart valve disease and missense variants in ADAMTS6 are associated with cardiac conduction. In this review, we discuss in detail the evidence for these and other cardiovascular roles of ADAMTS family members, their proteolytic substrates and the potential molecular mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Santamaria
- Centre for Haematology, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Rens de Groot
- Centre for Haematology, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK.,Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, 51 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6HX, UK
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18
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Abstract
Aggrecan is a large proteoglycan that forms giant hydrated aggregates with hyaluronan in the extracellular matrix (ECM). The extraordinary resistance of these aggregates to compression explains their abundance in articular cartilage of joints where they ensure adequate load-bearing. In the brain, they provide mechanical buffering and contribute to formation of perineuronal nets, which regulate synaptic plasticity. Aggrecan is also present in cardiac jelly, developing heart valves, and blood vessels during cardiovascular development. Whereas aggrecan is essential for skeletal development, its function in the developing cardiovascular system remains to be fully elucidated. An excess of aggrecan was demonstrated in cardiovascular tissues in aortic aneurysms, atherosclerosis, vascular re-stenosis after injury, and varicose veins. It is a product of vascular smooth muscle and is likely to be an important component of pericellular matrix, where its levels are regulated by proteases. Aggrecan can contribute to specific biophysical and regulatory properties of cardiovascular ECM via the diverse interactions of its domains, and its accumulation is likely to have a significant role in developmental and disease pathways. Here, the established biological functions of aggrecan, its cardiovascular associations, and potential roles in cardiovascular development and disease are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Koch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Chan Mi Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio.,Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Suneel S Apte
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio
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19
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Tucker NR, Chaffin M, Fleming SJ, Hall AW, Parsons VA, Bedi KC, Akkad AD, Herndon CN, Arduini A, Papangeli I, Roselli C, Aguet F, Choi SH, Ardlie KG, Babadi M, Margulies KB, Stegmann CM, Ellinor PT. Transcriptional and Cellular Diversity of the Human Heart. Circulation 2020; 142:466-482. [PMID: 32403949 PMCID: PMC7666104 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.045401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human heart requires a complex ensemble of specialized cell types to perform its essential function. A greater knowledge of the intricate cellular milieu of the heart is critical to increase our understanding of cardiac homeostasis and pathology. As recent advances in low-input RNA sequencing have allowed definitions of cellular transcriptomes at single-cell resolution at scale, we have applied these approaches to assess the cellular and transcriptional diversity of the nonfailing human heart. METHODS Microfluidic encapsulation and barcoding was used to perform single nuclear RNA sequencing with samples from 7 human donors, selected for their absence of overt cardiac disease. Individual nuclear transcriptomes were then clustered based on transcriptional profiles of highly variable genes. These clusters were used as the basis for between-chamber and between-sex differential gene expression analyses and intersection with genetic and pharmacologic data. RESULTS We sequenced the transcriptomes of 287 269 single cardiac nuclei, revealing 9 major cell types and 20 subclusters of cell types within the human heart. Cellular subclasses include 2 distinct groups of resident macrophages, 4 endothelial subtypes, and 2 fibroblast subsets. Comparisons of cellular transcriptomes by cardiac chamber or sex reveal diversity not only in cardiomyocyte transcriptional programs but also in subtypes involved in extracellular matrix remodeling and vascularization. Using genetic association data, we identified strong enrichment for the role of cell subtypes in cardiac traits and diseases. Intersection of our data set with genes on cardiac clinical testing panels and the druggable genome reveals striking patterns of cellular specificity. CONCLUSIONS Using large-scale single nuclei RNA sequencing, we defined the transcriptional and cellular diversity in the normal human heart. Our identification of discrete cell subtypes and differentially expressed genes within the heart will ultimately facilitate the development of new therapeutics for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan R. Tucker
- Precision Cardiology Laboratory, The Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA 02142
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA 02114
- Masonic Medical Research Institute, Utica, NY, USA 13501
| | - Mark Chaffin
- Precision Cardiology Laboratory, The Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA 02142
| | - Stephen J. Fleming
- Precision Cardiology Laboratory, The Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA 02142
- Data Sciences Platform, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA 02142
| | - Amelia W. Hall
- Precision Cardiology Laboratory, The Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA 02142
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA 02114
| | - Victoria A. Parsons
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA 02114
| | - Kenneth C. Bedi
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104
| | - Amer-Denis Akkad
- Precision Cardiology Laboratory, The Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA 02142
- Precision Cardiology Laboratory, Bayer US LLC, Cambridge, MA, 02142
| | - Caroline N. Herndon
- Precision Cardiology Laboratory, The Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA 02142
| | - Alessandro Arduini
- Precision Cardiology Laboratory, The Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA 02142
| | - Irinna Papangeli
- Precision Cardiology Laboratory, The Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA 02142
- Precision Cardiology Laboratory, Bayer US LLC, Cambridge, MA, 02142
| | - Carolina Roselli
- Precision Cardiology Laboratory, The Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA 02142
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 CP, Groningen, NL
| | - François Aguet
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA 02142
| | - Seung Hoan Choi
- Precision Cardiology Laboratory, The Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA 02142
| | | | - Mehrtash Babadi
- Precision Cardiology Laboratory, The Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA 02142
- Data Sciences Platform, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA 02142
| | - Kenneth B. Margulies
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104
| | - Christian M. Stegmann
- Precision Cardiology Laboratory, The Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA 02142
- Precision Cardiology Laboratory, Bayer US LLC, Cambridge, MA, 02142
| | - Patrick T. Ellinor
- Precision Cardiology Laboratory, The Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA 02142
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA 02114
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20
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The Non-Fibrillar Side of Fibrosis: Contribution of the Basement Membrane, Proteoglycans, and Glycoproteins to Myocardial Fibrosis. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2019; 6:jcdd6040035. [PMID: 31547598 PMCID: PMC6956278 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd6040035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides structural support and a microenvironmentfor soluble extracellular molecules. ECM is comprised of numerous proteins which can be broadly classified as fibrillar (collagen types I and III) and non-fibrillar (basement membrane, proteoglycans, and glycoproteins). The basement membrane provides an interface between the cardiomyocytes and the fibrillar ECM, while proteoglycans sequester soluble growth factors and cytokines. Myocardial fibrosis was originally only linked to accumulation of fibrillar collagens, but is now recognized as the expansion of the ECM including the non-fibrillar ECM proteins. Myocardial fibrosis can be reparative to replace the lost myocardium (e.g., ischemic injury or myocardial infarction), or can be reactive resulting from pathological activity of fibroblasts (e.g., dilated or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy). Contribution of fibrillar collagens to fibrosis is well studied, but the role of the non-fibrillar ECM proteins has remained less explored. In this article, we provide an overview of the contribution of the non-fibrillar components of the extracellular space of the heart to highlight the potential significance of these molecules in fibrosis, with direct evidence for some, although not all of these molecules in their direct contribution to fibrosis.
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21
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Crivaro AN, Mucci JM, Bondar CM, Ormazabal ME, Ceci R, Simonaro C, Rozenfeld PA. Efficacy of pentosan polysulfate in in vitro models of lysosomal storage disorders: Fabry and Gaucher Disease. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217780. [PMID: 31150494 PMCID: PMC6544267 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gaucher and Fabry diseases are the most prevalent sphingolipidoses. Chronic inflammation is activated in those disorders, which could play a role in pathogenesis. Significant degrees of amelioration occur in patients upon introduction of specific therapies; however, restoration to complete health status is not always achieved. The idea of an adjunctive therapy that targets inflammation may be a suitable option for patients. PPS is a mixture of semisynthetic sulfated polyanions that have been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects in mucopolysaccharidosis type I and II patients and animal models of type I, IIIA and VI. We hypothesized PPS could be a useful adjunctive therapy to inflammation for Gaucher and Fabry diseases. The objective of this work is to analyze the in vitro effect of PPS on inflammatory cytokines in cellular models of Gaucher and Fabry diseases, and to study its effect in Gaucher disease associated in vitro bone alterations. Cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from Fabry and Gaucher patients were exposed to PPS. The secretion of proinflammatory cytokines was significantly reduced. Peripheral blood cells exposed to PPS from Gaucher patients revealed a reduced tendency to differentiate to osteoclasts. Osteoblasts and osteocytes cell lines were incubated with an inhibitor of glucocerebrosidase, and conditioned media was harvested in order to analyze if those cells secrete factors that induce osteoclastogenesis. Conditioned media from this cell cultures exposed to PPS produced lower numbers of osteoclasts. We could demonstrate PPS is an effective molecule to reduce the production of proinflammatory cytokines in in vitro models of Fabry and Gaucher diseases. Moreover, it was effective at ameliorating bone alterations of in vitro models of Gaucher disease. These results serve as preclinical supportive data to start clinical trials in human patients to analyze the effect of PPS as a potential adjunctive therapy for Fabry and Gaucher diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea N. Crivaro
- IIFP, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Juan M. Mucci
- IIFP, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Constanza M. Bondar
- IIFP, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Maximiliano E. Ormazabal
- IIFP, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Romina Ceci
- IIFP, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Calogera Simonaro
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Paula A. Rozenfeld
- IIFP, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, La Plata, Argentina
- * E-mail:
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22
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Christensen G, Herum KM, Lunde IG. Sweet, yet underappreciated: Proteoglycans and extracellular matrix remodeling in heart disease. Matrix Biol 2019; 75-76:286-299. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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23
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Emerging roles of proteoglycans in cardiac remodeling. Int J Cardiol 2018; 278:192-198. [PMID: 30528626 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.11.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac remodeling is the response of the heart to a range of pathological stimuli. Cardiac remodeling is initially adaptive; however, if sustained, it ultimately causes adverse clinical outcomes. Cardiomyocyte loss or hypertrophy, inflammation and fibrosis are hallmarks of cardiac remodeling. Proteoglycans, which are composed of glycosaminoglycans and a core protein, are a non-structural component of the extracellular matrix. The lack of proteoglycans results in cardiovascular defects during development. Moreover, emerging evidence has indicated that proteoglycans act as significant modifiers in ischemia and pressure overload-related cardiac remodeling. Proteoglycans may also provide novel therapeutic strategies for further improvement in the prognosis of cardiovascular diseases.
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24
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Perrucci GL, Rurali E, Pompilio G. Cardiac fibrosis in regenerative medicine: destroy to rebuild. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:S2376-S2389. [PMID: 30123577 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.03.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The major limitations for cardiac regeneration in patients after myocardial infarction (MI) are the wide loss of cardiomyocytes and the adverse structural alterations of extracellular matrix (ECM). Cardiac fibroblast differentiation into myofibroblasts (MFB) leads to a huge deposition of ECM and to the subsequent loss of ventricular structural integrity. All these molecular events depict the fundamental features at the basis of the post-MI fibrosis and deserve in depth cellular and molecular studies to fill the gap in the clinical practice. Indeed, to date, there are no effective therapeutic approaches to limit the post-MI massive fibrosis development. In this review we describe the involvement of integrins and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS)/ADAMTS-like (ADAMTSL) proteins in cardiac reparative pro-fibrotic response after MI, proposing some of them as novel potential pharmacological tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Lorenzo Perrucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.,Unità di Biologia Vascolare e Medicina Rigenerativa, Centro Cardiologico Monzino-IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Erica Rurali
- Unità di Biologia Vascolare e Medicina Rigenerativa, Centro Cardiologico Monzino-IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Giulio Pompilio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.,Unità di Biologia Vascolare e Medicina Rigenerativa, Centro Cardiologico Monzino-IRCCS, Milano, Italy.,Dipartimento di Chirurgia Cardiovascolare, Centro Cardiologico Monzino-IRCCS, Milano, Italy
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25
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Yasmin, Maskari RA, McEniery CM, Cleary SE, Li Y, Siew K, Figg NL, Khir AW, Cockcroft JR, Wilkinson IB, O'Shaughnessy KM. The matrix proteins aggrecan and fibulin-1 play a key role in determining aortic stiffness. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8550. [PMID: 29867203 PMCID: PMC5986773 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25851-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stiffening of the aorta is an important independent risk factor for myocardial infarction and stroke. Yet its genetics is complex and little is known about its molecular drivers. We have identified for the first time, tagSNPs in the genes for extracellular matrix proteins, aggrecan and fibulin-1, that modulate stiffness in young healthy adults. We confirmed SNP associations with ex vivo stiffness measurements and expression studies in human donor aortic tissues. Both aggrecan and fibulin-1 were found in the aortic wall, but with marked differences in the distribution and glycosylation of aggrecan reflecting loss of chondroitin-sulphate binding domains. These differences were age-dependent but the striking finding was the acceleration of this process in stiff versus elastic young aortas. These findings suggest that aggrecan and fibulin-1 have critical roles in determining the biomechanics of the aorta and their modification with age could underpin age-related aortic stiffening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin
- Division of Experimental Medicine & Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Raya Al Maskari
- Division of Experimental Medicine & Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carmel M McEniery
- Division of Experimental Medicine & Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah E Cleary
- Division of Experimental Medicine & Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ye Li
- Brunel Institute of Bioengineering, Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UK
| | - Keith Siew
- Division of Experimental Medicine & Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nichola L Figg
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ashraf W Khir
- Brunel Institute of Bioengineering, Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UK
| | - John R Cockcroft
- Division of Cardiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Ian B Wilkinson
- Division of Experimental Medicine & Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kevin M O'Shaughnessy
- Division of Experimental Medicine & Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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26
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Disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAMs and ADAM-TSs), the emerging family of proteases in heart physiology and pathology. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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27
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Pruvost M, Lépine M, Leonetti C, Etard O, Naveau M, Agin V, Docagne F, Maubert E, Ali C, Emery E, Vivien D. ADAMTS-4 in oligodendrocytes contributes to myelination with an impact on motor function. Glia 2017; 65:1961-1975. [PMID: 28850711 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Myelination is a late developmental process regulated by a set of inhibitory and stimulatory factors, including extracellular matrix components. Accordingly, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) act as negative regulators of myelination processes. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs type 4 (ADAMTS-4) is an extracellular protease capable of degrading CSPGs. Although exogenous ADAMTS-4 has been proven to be beneficial in several models of central nervous system (CNS) injuries, the physiological functions of endogenous ADAMTS-4 remain poorly understood. We first used Adamts4/LacZ reporter mice to reveal that ADAMTS-4 is strongly expressed in the CNS, especially in the white matter, with a cellular profile restricted to mature oligodendrocytes. Interestingly, we evidenced an abnormal myelination in Adamts4-/- mice, characterized by a higher diameter of myelinated axons with a shifting g-ratio. Accordingly, lack of ADAMTS-4 is accompanied by motor deficits and disturbed nervous electrical activity. In conclusion, we demonstrate that ADAMTS-4 is a new marker of mature oligodendrocytes contributing to the myelination processes and thus to the control of motor capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Pruvost
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, INSERM, UMR-S 1237 Physiopathology and imaging of Neurological disorders, Cyceron, Caen 14000, France
| | - Matthieu Lépine
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, INSERM, UMR-S 1237 Physiopathology and imaging of Neurological disorders, Cyceron, Caen 14000, France
| | - Camille Leonetti
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, INSERM, UMR-S 1237 Physiopathology and imaging of Neurological disorders, Cyceron, Caen 14000, France
| | - Olivier Etard
- CHU de Caen, Laboratoire des Explorations Fonctionnelles du Système Nerveux, Avenue de la côte de Nacre, Caen F-14000, France.,Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, ISTS, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Mikaël Naveau
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, INSERM, UMR-S 1237 Physiopathology and imaging of Neurological disorders, Cyceron, Caen 14000, France.,UMS 3408 Support Cyceron, CNR, Universite de Caen Normandie, CHU de Caen, GIP CYCERON, Caen, France
| | - Véronique Agin
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, INSERM, UMR-S 1237 Physiopathology and imaging of Neurological disorders, Cyceron, Caen 14000, France
| | - Fabian Docagne
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, INSERM, UMR-S 1237 Physiopathology and imaging of Neurological disorders, Cyceron, Caen 14000, France
| | - Eric Maubert
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, INSERM, UMR-S 1237 Physiopathology and imaging of Neurological disorders, Cyceron, Caen 14000, France
| | - Carine Ali
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, INSERM, UMR-S 1237 Physiopathology and imaging of Neurological disorders, Cyceron, Caen 14000, France
| | - Evelyne Emery
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, INSERM, UMR-S 1237 Physiopathology and imaging of Neurological disorders, Cyceron, Caen 14000, France.,Department of neurosurgery, CHU de Caen, Avenue de la côte de Nacre, Caen F-14000, France
| | - Denis Vivien
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, INSERM, UMR-S 1237 Physiopathology and imaging of Neurological disorders, Cyceron, Caen 14000, France.,Department of clinical research, CHU de Caen, Avenue de la côte de Nacre, Caen F-14000, France
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28
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Wang X, Chen W, Zhang J, Khan A, Li L, Huang F, Qiu Z, Wang L, Chen X. Critical Role of ADAMTS2 (A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase With Thrombospondin Motifs 2) in Cardiac Hypertrophy Induced by Pressure Overload. Hypertension 2017; 69:1060-1069. [PMID: 28373586 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.116.08581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
ADAMTS2 (A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase With Thrombospondin Motifs 2) is recognized as a metalloproteinase that promotes the cleavage of amino propeptides of types I, II, III, and V procollagens. However, the role of ADAMTS2 in the heart has not yet been defined. Herein, we observed the upregulated expression of ADAMTS2 in failing human hearts and hypertrophic murine hearts. Mice lacking ADAMTS2 display exacerbated cardiac hypertrophy on pressure overload-induced hypertrophic response, whereas mice with cardiac-specific overexpression of ADAMTS2 display alleviation of this detrimental phenotype. Consistent with these results, in vitro loss or gain of function experiments in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes confirmed that ADAMTS2 negatively regulates cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in response to Ang II. Mechanistically, blockage of the PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase)/AKT (protein kinase B)-dependent signaling pathway with specific inhibitors both in vivo and in vitro could rescue the aggravated hypertrophic response to the loss of ADAMTS2. Collectively, we propose that ADAMTS2 regulates the hypertrophic response through inhibiting the activation of the PI3K/AKT-dependent signaling pathway. Because ADAMTS2 is an extracellular protein, it could be effectively manipulated using pharmacological means to modulate cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Wang
- From the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Chen
- From the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- From the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiman Khan
- From the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangpeng Li
- From the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuhua Huang
- From the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibing Qiu
- From the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Wang
- From the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- From the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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29
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Su J, Cole J, Fox MA. Loss of Interneuron-Derived Collagen XIX Leads to a Reduction in Perineuronal Nets in the Mammalian Telencephalon. ASN Neuro 2017; 9:1759091416689020. [PMID: 28090790 PMCID: PMC5298462 DOI: 10.1177/1759091416689020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are lattice-like supramolecular assemblies of extracellular glycoproteins that surround subsets of neuronal cell bodies in the mammalian telencephalon. PNNs emerge at the end of the critical period of brain development, limit neuronal plasticity in the adult brain, and are lost in a variety of complex brain disorders diseases, including schizophrenia. The link between PNNs and schizophrenia led us to question whether neuronally expressed extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules associated with schizophrenia contribute to the assembly of these specialized supramolecular ECM assemblies. We focused on collagen XIX-a minor, nonfibrillar collagen expressed by subsets of telencephalic interneurons. Genetic alterations in the region encoding collagen XIX have been associated with familial schizophrenia, and loss of this collagen in mice results in altered inhibitory synapses, seizures, and the acquisition of schizophrenia-related behaviors. Here, we demonstrate that loss of collagen XIX also results in a reduction of telencephalic PNNs. Loss of PNNs was accompanied with reduced levels of aggrecan (Acan), a major component of PNNs. Despite reduced levels of PNN constituents in collagen XIX-deficient mice ( col19a1-/-), we failed to detect reduced expression of genes encoding these ECM molecules. Instead, we discovered a widespread upregulation of extracellular proteases capable of cleaving Acan and other PNN constituents in col19a1-/- brains. Taken together, these results suggest a mechanism by which the loss of collagen XIX speeds PNN degradation and they identify a novel mechanism by which the loss of collagen XIX may contribute to complex brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Su
- Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - James Cole
- Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Michael A. Fox
- Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, VA, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, USA
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30
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31
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Park HR, Lee SE, Son GW, Yun HD, Park YS. Integrated analysis of changed microRNA expression in crotonaldehyde-exposed human endothelial cells. BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13206-016-0210-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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32
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Tao H, Yang JJ, Shi KH, Deng ZY, Li J. DNA methylation in cardiac fibrosis: new advances and perspectives. Toxicology 2014; 323:125-9. [PMID: 25017140 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is characterized by net accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in the cardiac interstitium, and contributes to both systolic and diastolic dysfunction in many cardiac pathophysiologic conditions. More specifically, cardiac fibroblasts are activated by a variety of pathological stimuli, thereby undergoing proliferation, differentiation to myofibroblasts, and production of various cytokines and ECM proteins. Thus, understanding the biological processes of cardiac fibroblasts will provide novel insights into the underlying mechanisms of cardiac fibrosis. DNA methylation is an important epigenetic mechanism, which often occurs in response to environmental stimuli and is crucial in regulating gene expression. The aberrant methylation of CpG island promoters of selected genes is the prominent epigenetic mechanism by which gene transcription can be effectively silenced. Aberrant hypermethylation of a few selected genes such as RASSF1A plays an important role in facilitating fibrotic fibroblast activation and in driving fibrosis. In this review we will discuss the mechanisms of DNA methylation and their implications for cardiac fibroblasts activation and fibrosis. Control of DNA methylation may serve as a new strategy for anti-fibrotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Tao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Cardiovascular Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Jing-Jing Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China; School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Kai-Hu Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Cardiovascular Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Zi-Yu Deng
- Department of Scientific and Educational, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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