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Derville S, Torres LG, Newsome SD, Somes CJ, Valenzuela LO, Vander Zanden HB, Baker CS, Bérubé M, Busquets-Vass G, Carlyon K, Childerhouse SJ, Constantine R, Dunshea G, Flores PAC, Goldsworthy SD, Graham B, Groch K, Gröcke DR, Harcourt R, Hindell MA, Hulva P, Jackson JA, Kennedy AS, Lundquist D, Mackay AI, Neveceralova P, Oliveira L, Ott PH, Palsbøll PJ, Patenaude NJ, Rowntree V, Sironi M, Vermeuelen E, Watson M, Zerbini AN, Carroll EL. Long-term stability in the circumpolar foraging range of a Southern Ocean predator between the eras of whaling and rapid climate change. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2214035120. [PMID: 36848574 PMCID: PMC10013836 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2214035120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Assessing environmental changes in Southern Ocean ecosystems is difficult due to its remoteness and data sparsity. Monitoring marine predators that respond rapidly to environmental variation may enable us to track anthropogenic effects on ecosystems. Yet, many long-term datasets of marine predators are incomplete because they are spatially constrained and/or track ecosystems already modified by industrial fishing and whaling in the latter half of the 20th century. Here, we assess the contemporary offshore distribution of a wide-ranging marine predator, the southern right whale (SRW, Eubalaena australis), that forages on copepods and krill from ~30°S to the Antarctic ice edge (>60°S). We analyzed carbon and nitrogen isotope values of 1,002 skin samples from six genetically distinct SRW populations using a customized assignment approach that accounts for temporal and spatial variation in the Southern Ocean phytoplankton isoscape. Over the past three decades, SRWs increased their use of mid-latitude foraging grounds in the south Atlantic and southwest (SW) Indian oceans in the late austral summer and autumn and slightly increased their use of high-latitude (>60°S) foraging grounds in the SW Pacific, coincident with observed changes in prey distribution and abundance on a circumpolar scale. Comparing foraging assignments with whaling records since the 18th century showed remarkable stability in use of mid-latitude foraging areas. We attribute this consistency across four centuries to the physical stability of ocean fronts and resulting productivity in mid-latitude ecosystems of the Southern Ocean compared with polar regions that may be more influenced by recent climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solène Derville
- Marine Mammal Institute, Oregon State University, Newport, OR97365
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) Entropie, French Institute of Research for Sustainable Development, Nouméa98848, New Caledonia
| | - Leigh G. Torres
- Marine Mammal Institute, Oregon State University, Newport, OR97365
| | - Seth D. Newsome
- Biology Department, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM87131-0001
| | | | - Luciano O. Valenzuela
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Laboratorio de Ecología Evolutiva Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (FACSO-UNCPBA), 7631Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Conservación de Ballenas, Ing. Maschwitz, 1623 Buenos Aires, Argentina
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT84112-0840
| | | | - C. Scott Baker
- Marine Mammal Institute, Oregon State University, Newport, OR97365
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR97365
| | - Martine Bérubé
- Marine Evolution and Conservation Group, Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, 9747 AGGroningen, The Netherlands
- Centre for Coastal Studies, Provincetown, MA02657
| | - Geraldine Busquets-Vass
- Biology Department, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM87131-0001
- Laboratorio de Macroecología Marina, Centro de Investigación Científica y Educación Superior de Ensenada, Unidad La Paz, 23050La Paz, BCS, México
| | - Kris Carlyon
- Department of Natural Resources and Environment Tasmania, Hobart7001, Australia
| | | | - Rochelle Constantine
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland Waipapa Taumata Rau, Auckland1010, AotearoaNew Zealand
| | - Glenn Dunshea
- Ecological Marine Services Pty. Ltd., Bundaberg4670, QLD, Australia
- Department of Natural History, NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491Trondheim, Norway
| | - Paulo A. C. Flores
- Núcleo de Gestão Integrada ICMBio Florianópolis, Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade, Ministério do Meio Ambiente, Florianópolis88053-700, Brazil
| | - Simon D. Goldsworthy
- South Australian Research and Development Institute, Primary Industries and Regions South Australia, Adelaide, SA5064, Australia
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA5064, Australia
| | - Brittany Graham
- Environmental Law Initiative, Wellington6011, AotearoaNew Zealand
| | - Karina Groch
- Instituto Australis, Imbituba, SC88780-000, Brazil
| | - Darren R. Gröcke
- Stable Isotope Biogeochemistry Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Durham University, DurhamDH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Harcourt
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW2000, Australia
| | - Mark A. Hindell
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, Australia
| | - Pavel Hulva
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague116 36, Czech Republic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava701 03, Czech Republic
| | | | - Amy S. Kennedy
- Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ecosystem and Ocean Studies, University of Washington & Marine Mammal Laboratory, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Seattle, WA98112
| | - David Lundquist
- New Zealand Department of Conservation - Te Papa Atawhai, Wellington6011, AotearoaNew Zealand
| | - Alice I. Mackay
- South Australian Research and Development Institute, Primary Industries and Regions South Australia, Adelaide, SA5064, Australia
| | - Petra Neveceralova
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague116 36, Czech Republic
- Ivanhoe Sea Safaris, Gansbaai7220, South Africa
- Dyer Island Conservation Trust, Great White House, Kleinbaai, Van Dyks Bay7220, South Africa
| | - Larissa Oliveira
- Grupo de Estudos de Mamíferos Aquáticos do Rio Grande do Sul, Torres, RS95560-000, Brazil
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Mamίferos, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Sao Leopoldo, RS93022-750, Brazil
| | - Paulo H. Ott
- Grupo de Estudos de Mamíferos Aquáticos do Rio Grande do Sul, Torres, RS95560-000, Brazil
- Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul, Osório, RS95520-000, Brazil
| | - Per J. Palsbøll
- Marine Evolution and Conservation Group, Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, 9747 AGGroningen, The Netherlands
- Centre for Coastal Studies, Provincetown, MA02657
| | | | - Victoria Rowntree
- Instituto de Conservación de Ballenas, Ing. Maschwitz, 1623 Buenos Aires, Argentina
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT84112-0840
- Ocean Alliance, Gloucester, MA01930
| | - Mariano Sironi
- Instituto de Conservación de Ballenas, Ing. Maschwitz, 1623 Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Diversidad Biológica IV, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CórdobaX5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Els Vermeuelen
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria0002, South Africa
| | - Mandy Watson
- Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Warrnambool, VIC3280, Australia
| | - Alexandre N. Zerbini
- Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ecosystem and Ocean Studies, University of Washington & Marine Mammal Laboratory, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Seattle, WA98112
- Marine Ecology and Telemetry Research & Cascadia Research Collective, Seabeck, WA98380
| | - Emma L. Carroll
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland Waipapa Taumata Rau, Auckland1010, AotearoaNew Zealand
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Bas M, Cardona L. Effects of skeletal element identity, delipidation and demineralization on the analysis of stable isotope ratios of C and N in fish bone. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2018; 92:420-437. [PMID: 29235096 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Stable isotope ratios of C and N in the bone tissue of three different skeletal elements (angular, cleithrum and vertebra) of three fish species from different evolutionary lineages (Clupeiformes, Atheriniformes and Notothenioidei) were determined before (δ13 Cbulk and δ15 Nbulk ) and after demineralization and delipidation (δ13 Cdml and δ15 Ndml ). One of the species had cellular bone and the other two had acellular bone. Results revealed that δ15 N and δ13 C values from different skeletal elements were interchangeable in species with acellular bone, but caution was needed in species with cellular bone, as δ15 N values varied among skeletal elements. Furthermore, δ15 Nbulk values were significantly lower than δ15 Ndml values in the three species, thus suggesting that they are not comparable. This difference is probably because δ15 Nbulk refers to total bone protein and δ15 Ndml to collagen only.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bas
- Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC-CONICET), C/Bernardo Houssay 200, 9410, Ushuaia, Argentina
- Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Cardona
- Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Science, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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Kershaw F, Carvalho I, Loo J, Pomilla C, Best PB, Findlay KP, Cerchio S, Collins T, Engel MH, Minton G, Ersts P, Barendse J, Kotze PGH, Razafindrakoto Y, Ngouessono S, Meÿer M, Thornton M, Rosenbaum HC. Multiple processes drive genetic structure of humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) populations across spatial scales. Mol Ecol 2017; 26:977-994. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francine Kershaw
- Columbia University; 116th Street and Broadway New York NY 10027 USA
| | - Inês Carvalho
- Population and Conservation Genetics Group; Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência; Rua da Quinta Grande, 6 2780-156 Oeiras Portugal
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM); Universidade de Aveiro; Campus Universitário de Santiago 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Jacqueline Loo
- Department of Biology; New York University; 100 Washington Square New York NY 10012 USA
| | - Cristina Pomilla
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Wellcome Trust Genome Campus Hinxton Cambridge CB10 1SA UK
| | - Peter B. Best
- Mammal Research Institute; University of Pretoria; c/o Iziko South African Museum, P.O. Box 61 Cape Town 8000 South Africa
| | - Ken P. Findlay
- Mammal Research Institute; University of Pretoria; c/o Iziko South African Museum, P.O. Box 61 Cape Town 8000 South Africa
| | - Salvatore Cerchio
- Wildlife Conservation Society; Ocean Giants Program; 2300 Southern Blvd. Bronx NY 10460-1099 USA
| | - Tim Collins
- Wildlife Conservation Society; Ocean Giants Program; 2300 Southern Blvd. Bronx NY 10460-1099 USA
- Environment Society of Oman; P.O. Box 3955 PC 112 Ruwi Sultanate of Oman
| | - Marcia H. Engel
- Humpback Whale Project/Humpback Whale Institute; Rua Barão do Rio Branco, 125 Caravelas Bahia Brazil
| | - Gianna Minton
- Environment Society of Oman; P.O. Box 3955 PC 112 Ruwi Sultanate of Oman
| | - Peter Ersts
- Center for Biodiversity and Conservation; American Museum of Natural History; Central Park West at 79th Street New York NY 10024 USA
| | - Jaco Barendse
- Mammal Research Institute; University of Pretoria; c/o Iziko South African Museum, P.O. Box 61 Cape Town 8000 South Africa
| | - P. G. H. Kotze
- Department of Environmental Affairs; Branch Oceans and Coasts; Private Bag x2, Roggebaai 8012 Cape Town South Africa
| | - Yvette Razafindrakoto
- Wildlife Conservation Society-Madagascar Program; 2300 Southern Blvd. Bronx NY 10460-1099 USA
| | - Solange Ngouessono
- Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux; Batterie 4 BP 20379 Libreville Gabon
| | - Michael Meÿer
- Department of Environmental Affairs; Branch Oceans and Coasts; Private Bag x2, Roggebaai 8012 Cape Town South Africa
| | - Meredith Thornton
- Mammal Research Institute; University of Pretoria; c/o Iziko South African Museum, P.O. Box 61 Cape Town 8000 South Africa
| | - Howard C. Rosenbaum
- Wildlife Conservation Society; Ocean Giants Program; 2300 Southern Blvd. Bronx NY 10460-1099 USA
- Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics; American Museum of Natural History; Central Park West at 79th Street New York NY 10024 USA
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Carroll EL, Baker CS, Watson M, Alderman R, Bannister J, Gaggiotti OE, Gröcke DR, Patenaude N, Harcourt R. Cultural traditions across a migratory network shape the genetic structure of southern right whales around Australia and New Zealand. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16182. [PMID: 26548756 PMCID: PMC4637828 DOI: 10.1038/srep16182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Fidelity to migratory destinations is an important driver of connectivity in marine and avian species. Here we assess the role of maternally directed learning of migratory habitats, or migratory culture, on the population structure of the endangered Australian and New Zealand southern right whale. Using DNA profiles, comprising mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotypes (500 bp), microsatellite genotypes (17 loci) and sex from 128 individually-identified whales, we find significant differentiation among winter calving grounds based on both mtDNA haplotype (FST = 0.048, ΦST = 0.109, p < 0.01) and microsatellite allele frequencies (FST = 0.008, p < 0.01), consistent with long-term fidelity to calving areas. However, most genetic comparisons of calving grounds and migratory corridors were not significant, supporting the idea that whales from different calving grounds mix in migratory corridors. Furthermore, we find a significant relationship between δ(13)C stable isotope profiles of 66 Australian southern right whales, a proxy for feeding ground location, and both mtDNA haplotypes and kinship inferred from microsatellite-based estimators of relatedness. This indicates migratory culture may influence genetic structure on feeding grounds. This fidelity to migratory destinations is likely to influence population recovery, as long-term estimates of historical abundance derived from estimates of genetic diversity indicate the South Pacific calving grounds remain at <10% of pre-whaling abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. L. Carroll
- Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 8LB, Scotland
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - C. S. Baker
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Marine Mammal Institute and Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Oregon State University, Newport, OR 97365, USA
| | - M. Watson
- Department of the Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Barwon South West Region, Warrnambool, VIC 3280, Australia
| | - R. Alderman
- Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
| | - J. Bannister
- The Western Australian Museum, Locked Bag 49, Welshpool DC, WA 6986, Australia
| | - O. E. Gaggiotti
- Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 8LB, Scotland
| | - D. R. Gröcke
- Department of Earth Sciences, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - N. Patenaude
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
- Collégial International Sainte-Anne, Montréal, Québec, QC H8S 2M8, Canada
| | - R. Harcourt
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
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Vighi M, García-Nisa I, Borrell A, Aguilar A. The fin whale, a marine top consumer, exposes strengths and weaknesses of the use of fluoride as ecological tracer. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 127:229-237. [PMID: 25746921 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Fluoride is retained in bone tissues of animals and its availability in the environment varies between regions according to natural and anthropogenic sources. These properties suggest this element as a suitable tracer of origin, distribution or movements of animals. In marine environments, krill builds-up fluoride concentrations that are transferred to its predators. In this study we examine the ability of bone fluoride concentrations to discriminate two separate populations of a krill consumer, the fin whale. Background levels of the sampling areas (Western Iceland and North-Western Spain) were determined through the analysis of krill samples. As expected, due to the high load of volcanic-derived fluoride in Icelandic waters, krill from W Iceland showed much higher fluoride concentrations than that from NW Spain. Concentrations in whales' bone were correlated with sex and age, increasing linearly with age in females and showing significantly lower values and a different age-related pattern of accumulation in males. Fluoride concentrations in whales' bone were much higher than in krill, indicating accumulation of the element but, rather unexpectedly, the area of origin had no influence on concentrations. This apparent contradiction may be explained either by the integration in bone of food consumed in other areas, or by the activation of homeostatic responses at very high levels of fluoride exposure. It is concluded that fluoride can be a useful tracer only if age and sex data are integrated into the analysis, year-round information on diet is available and/or the investigated population is exposed to mild levels of this element.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgana Vighi
- Department of Animal Biology and Institute of Biodiversity Research (IRBio), Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - I García-Nisa
- Department of Animal Biology and Institute of Biodiversity Research (IRBio), Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Borrell
- Department of Animal Biology and Institute of Biodiversity Research (IRBio), Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Aguilar
- Department of Animal Biology and Institute of Biodiversity Research (IRBio), Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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