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de Souza JB, Sommerfeld S, Almeida-Souza HO, Vaz ER, Bastos LM, Santos FDAA, Rodrigues AC, Medeiros-Ronchi AA, Goulart LR, Fonseca BB. A new standardization for the use of chicken embryo: selection of target from the phage display library and infection. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:412. [PMID: 38985354 PMCID: PMC11236870 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13227-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
The filamentous bacteriophage M13KO7 (M13) is the most used in phage display (PD) technology and, like other phages, has been applied in several areas of medicine, agriculture, and in the food industry. One of the advantages is that they can modulate the immune response in the presence of pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria and viruses. This study evaluated the use of phage M13 in the chicken embryos model. We inoculated 13-day-old chicken embryos with Salmonella Pullorum (SP) and then evaluated survival for the presence of phage M13 or E. coli ER2738 (ECR) infected with M13. We found that the ECR bacterium inhibits SP multiplication in 0.32 (M13-infected ECR) or 0.44 log UFC/mL (M13-uninfected ECR) and that the ECR-free phage M13 from the PD library can be used in chicken embryo models. This work provides the use of the chicken embryo as a model to study systemic infection and can be employed as an analysis tool for various peptides that M13 can express from PD selection. KEY POINTS: • SP-infected chicken embryo can be a helpful model of systemic infection for different tests. • Phage M13 does not lead to embryonic mortality or cause serious injury to embryos. • Phage M13 from the PD library can be used in chicken embryo model tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Brito de Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Simone Sommerfeld
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Hebréia Oliveira Almeida-Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil.
| | - Emília Rezende Vaz
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Luciana Machado Bastos
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Fabiana de Almeida Araújo Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Castro Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Ricardo Goulart
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Belchiolina Beatriz Fonseca
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil.
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2
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Maéno M, Tanabe M, Ogawa A, Kobayashi H, Izutsu Y, Kato T. Identification and characterization of myeloid cells localized in the tadpole liver cortex in Xenopus laevis. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 156:105178. [PMID: 38599553 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2024.105178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
In the present study, using transgenic frogs that express GFP specifically in myeloid cells under the myeloperoxidase enhancer sequence, we found that myeloperoxidase-positive cells are localized in the liver cortex at the late tadpole stages. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that myelopoiesis in the liver cortex became evident after st. 50 and reached its peak by st. 56. Transplantation experiments indicated that cells with a high density at the liver cortex were derived from the dorso-lateral plate tissue in the neurula embryo. Analysis of smear samples of the cells isolated from collagenase-treated liver tissues of the transgenic tadpoles indicated that myeloid cells were the major population of blood cells in the larval liver and that, in addition to myeloid colonies, erythroid colonies expanded in entire liver after metamorphosis. Cells that were purified from the livers of transgenic tadpoles according to the GFP expression exhibited the multi-lobed nuclei. The results of present study provide evidence that the liver cortex of the Xenopus tadpole is a major site of granulopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsugu Maéno
- Institute of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan.
| | - Miki Tanabe
- Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan
| | - Ayame Ogawa
- Integrative Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, TWIns building, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan; Department of Biology, School of Education, Waseda University, Center for Advanced Biomedical Science, TWIns building, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
| | - Haruka Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan
| | - Yumi Izutsu
- Institute of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan
| | - Takashi Kato
- Integrative Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, TWIns building, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan; Department of Biology, School of Education, Waseda University, Center for Advanced Biomedical Science, TWIns building, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
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3
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Zhao Z, Yang H, Wang Z, Ai Z, Yang R, Wang Z, Wang T, Fu K, Zhang Y. Metabolomics analysis of the yolk of Zhijin white goose during the embryogenesis based on LC-MS/MS. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297429. [PMID: 38335168 PMCID: PMC10857567 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The egg yolk of the goose is rich in lipids, proteins and minerals, which is the main source of nutrition during the goose embryogenesis. Actually, the magnitude and variety of nutrients in yolk are dynamically changed to satisfy the nutritional requirements of different growth and development periods. The yolk sac membrane (YSM) plays a role in metabolizing and absorbing nutrients from the yolk, which are then consumed by the embryo or extra-fetal tissues. Therefore, identification of metabolites in egg yolk can help to reveal nutrient requirement in goose embryo. In this research, to explore the metabolite changes in egg yolk at embryonic day (E) 7, E12, E18, E23, and E28, we performed the assay using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The findings showed that E7 and E12, E23 and E28 were grouped together, while E18 was significantly separated from other groups, indicating the changes of egg yolk development and metabolism. In total, 1472 metabolites were identified in the egg yolk of Zhijin white goose, and 636 differential metabolites (DMs) were screened, among which 264 were upregulated and 372 were downregulated. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that the DMs were enriched in the biosynthesis and metabolism of amino acids, digestion and absorption of protein, citrate cycle (TCA cycle), aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, phosphotransferase system (PTS), mineral absorption, cholesterol metabolism and pyrimidine metabolism. Our study may provide new ideas for improving prehatch embryonic health and nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonglong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Yang
- Bijie City Animal Husbandry Station, Bijie, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaobi Ai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Runqian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tiansong Wang
- Agricultural College, Tongren Polytechnic College, Tongren, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaibin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
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He S, Guo J, Rao D, Dong J, Wei G, Wang X, Huang S, Yi X. Isolation and culture of chicken bone marrow-derived CD34 + hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and induced differentiation to myeloid cells. Tissue Cell 2023; 84:102185. [PMID: 37531875 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) research will help elucidate the pathogenesis of hematologic diseases. The present study aimed to establish an isolation method and culture system for chicken bone marrow (BM)-derived HSPCs and test their proliferation and differentiation abilities. Mononuclear cells were collected from chicken BM, and CD34+ HSPCs were isolated. Then, the cells were cultured in media with different cytokine compositions, and the growth status, cell phenotype, and morphological appearance of the cells were analyzed at different time points. Our results showed that Iscove's Modified Dulbecco's Medium supplemented with 50 ng/mL stem cell factor, 30 ng/mL Flt-3 ligand, 10 μg/mL interleukin 3, 50 ng/mL interleukin 6%, and 10% chicken serum supported chicken CD34+ HSPC survival ex vivo for approximately 10 d. Further, 80 ng/mL granulocyte-colony stimulating factor and 30 ng/mL granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor were added into the above culture system to form a myeloid cell differentiation induction culture system. After culturing in this system for 72 h, approximately 66% of chicken CD34+ HSPCs exhibited a CD11b+ phenotype, indicating that HSPCs differentiated into myeloid cells. In conclusion, chicken BM-derived CD34+ cells possess HSPC characteristics that can self-renew and differentiate into myeloid cells in a culture medium containing growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhai He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang City 464000, Henan, PR China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Waterfowl Resources Exploitation and Utilization and Disease Control, Xinyang City 464000, Henan, PR China
| | - Jing Guo
- Lushi County Animal Health Supervision Institute, Lu Shi County 472200, Henan, PR China
| | - Dan Rao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang City 464000, Henan, PR China
| | - Jianguo Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang City 464000, Henan, PR China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Waterfowl Resources Exploitation and Utilization and Disease Control, Xinyang City 464000, Henan, PR China
| | - Gege Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang City 464000, Henan, PR China
| | - Xu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang City 464000, Henan, PR China
| | - Shouxiao Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang City 464000, Henan, PR China
| | - Xianguo Yi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang City 464000, Henan, PR China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Waterfowl Resources Exploitation and Utilization and Disease Control, Xinyang City 464000, Henan, PR China.
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5
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Jia M, Reynolds KL, Wong EA. Effects of high incubation temperature on tight junction proteins in the yolk sac and small intestine of embryonic broilers. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102875. [PMID: 37406432 PMCID: PMC10339051 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
During the transition from incubation to hatch, the chicks shift from obtaining nutrients from the yolk sac to the intestine. The yolk sac tissue (YST) and small intestine serve as biological barriers between the yolk or gut contents and the blood circulation. These barriers must maintain structural integrity for optimal nutrient uptake as well as protection from pathogens. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of high incubation temperature on mRNA abundance of the tight junction (TJ) proteins zona occludens 1 (ZO1), occludin (OCLN), claudin 1 (CLDN1), and junctional adhesion molecules A and 2 (JAMA, JAM2) and the heat shock proteins (HSP70 and HSP90) in the YST and small intestine of embryonic broilers. Broiler eggs were incubated at 37.5°C. On embryonic day 12 (E12), half of the eggs were switched to 39.5°C. YST samples were collected from E7 to day of hatch (DOH), while small intestinal samples were collected from E17 to DOH. The temporal expression of TJ protein mRNA from E7 to DOH at 37.5°C and the effect of incubation temperature from E13 to DOH were analyzed by one-way and two-way ANOVA, respectively and Tukey's test. Significance was set at P < 0.05. The temporal expression pattern of ZO1, OCLN, and CLDN1 mRNA showed a pattern of decreased expression from E7 to E13 followed by an increase to DOH. High incubation temperature caused an upregulation of ZO1 and JAM2 mRNA in the YST and small intestine. Using in situ hybridization, OCLN and JAMA mRNA were detected in the epithelial cells of the YST. In addition, JAMA mRNA was detected in epithelial cells of the small intestine, whereas JAM2 mRNA was detected in the vascular system of the villi and lamina propria. In conclusion, the YST expressed mRNA for TJ proteins and high incubation temperature increased ZO1 and JAM2 mRNA. This suggests that the TJ in the vasculature of the YST and intestine is affected by high incubation temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jia
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - K L Reynolds
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - E A Wong
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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Bomfim BCM, Azevedo-Silva J, Caminha G, Santos JPR, Pelajo-Machado M, de Paula Ayres-Silva J. Lectin-based carbohydrate profile of megakaryocytes in murine fetal liver during development. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6729. [PMID: 37185919 PMCID: PMC10130079 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32863-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is the process by which blood cells are generated. During embryonic development, these cells migrate through different organs until they reach the bone marrow, their definitive place in adulthood. Around E10.5, the fetal liver starts budding from the gut, where first hematopoietic cells arrive and expand. Hematopoietic cell migration occurs through cytokine stimulation, receptor expression, and glycosylation patterns on the cell surface. In addition, carbohydrates can modulate different cell activation states. For this reason, we aimed to characterize and quantify fetal megakaryocytic cells in mouse fetal liver according to their glycan residues at different gestational ages through lectins. Mouse fetuses between E11.5 and E18.5 were formalin-fixed and, paraffin-embedded, for immunofluorescence analysis using confocal microscopy. The results showed that the following sugar residues were expressed in proliferating and differentiating megakaryocytes in the fetal liver at different gestational ages: α-mannose, α-glucose, galactose, GlcNAc, and two types of complex oligosaccharides. Megakaryocytes also showed three proliferation waves during liver development at E12.5, E14.5, and E18.5. Additionally, the lectins that exhibited high and specific pattern intensities at liver capsules and vessels were shown to be a less time-consuming and robust alternative alternative to conventional antibodies for displaying liver structures such as capsules and vessels, as well as for megakaryocyte differentiation in the fetal liver.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessyca Azevedo-Silva
- Laboratory of Pathology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute - Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Giulia Caminha
- Laboratory of Pathology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute - Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Pelajo-Machado
- Laboratory of Pathology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute - Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Gadelha AIBB, de Oliveira MF, de Sousa ACFC, Diniz JARA, Lopes IRG, Fernandes BCC, Pereira AF, de Moura CEB. Extraembryonic membrane morphology in greater rheas ( Rhea americana americana Linnaeus, 1758). ZOOMORPHOLOGY 2023; 142:1-16. [PMID: 37360222 PMCID: PMC10027282 DOI: 10.1007/s00435-023-00602-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The greater rhea, Rhea americana, is a wild ratite of high scientific importance and significant and zootechnical value, especially considering the current development state of Brazilian poultry production, where research aimed at increasing the productivity of these animals has become extremely relevant. Studies concerning fetal attachments and embryonic development are paramount, as they can provide essential information concerning reproductive and nutritional animal management. However, a lack of information on greater rhea fetal morphology is noted. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to establish a standard model for fetal attachments in this species. Greater rhea eggs were incubated from 0 to 36 days, and macroscopic and microscopic embryonic attachment characterizations were performed. Histologically, all embryonic annexes exhibit germ layers, namely the ectoderm (outer layer), mesoderm (middle layer) and endoderm (inner layer). The findings indicate that greater rhea development patterns are similar to other birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Indira Bezerra Barros Gadelha
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Semi-Árido, Rio Grande do Norte Mossoró, Brazil
- Department of Animal Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semi-Árido, Rio Grande do Norte Mossoró, Brazil
- Masters Program in Development and Environment, Federal Rural University of Semi-Árido, Rio Grande do Norte Mossoró, Brazil
| | - Moacir Franco de Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Semi-Árido, Rio Grande do Norte Mossoró, Brazil
| | | | - João Augusto Rodrigues Alves Diniz
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Semi-Árido, Rio Grande do Norte Mossoró, Brazil
- Department of Animal Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semi-Árido, Rio Grande do Norte Mossoró, Brazil
- Doctoral Program in Development and Environment, Federal Rural University of Semi-Árido, Rio Grande do Norte Mossoró, Brazil
| | - Igor Renno Guimarães Lopes
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Semi-Árido, Rio Grande do Norte Mossoró, Brazil
- Department of Animal Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semi-Árido, Rio Grande do Norte Mossoró, Brazil
- Doctoral Program in Development and Environment, Federal Rural University of Semi-Árido, Rio Grande do Norte Mossoró, Brazil
| | | | - Alexsandra Fernandes Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Semi-Árido, Rio Grande do Norte Mossoró, Brazil
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Zhang X, Wu Q, Zheng W, Liu C, Huang L, Zuo X, Xiao W, Han X, Ye H, Wang W, Yang L, Zhu Y. Developmental changes in lipid and fatty acid metabolism and the inhibition by in ovo feeding oleic acid in Muscovy duck embryogenesis. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2022; 12:321-333. [PMID: 36733781 PMCID: PMC9873582 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic lipid and fatty acid (FA) metabolism are critical for regulating energetic homeostasis during embryogenesis. At present, it remains unclear how an exogenous FA intervention affects embryonic development in an avian embryo model. In Exp. 1, 30 fertilized eggs were sampled on embryonic days (E) 16, 19, 22, 25, 28, 31 and the day of hatch (DOH) to determine the critical period of lipid metabolism. In Exp. 2, a total of 120 fertilized eggs were divided into two groups (60 eggs/group) for in ovo feeding (IOF) procedures on E25. Eggs were injected into the yolk sac with PBS as the control group and with oleic acid (OA) as the IOF-OA treatment group. Samples were collected on E28 and E31. In Exp. 1, hepatic triacylglycerol (TG) and cholesterol (CHO) contents increased while serum TG content decreased from E16 to DOH (P < 0.05). Both serum and liver displayed an increase in unsaturated FA and a decrease in saturated FA (P < 0.05). There was a quadratic increase in the target gene and protein expression related to hepatic FA de novo synthesis and oxidation (P < 0.05), whose inflection period was between E22 and E28. In Exp. 2, compared with the control embryos, IOF-OA embryos had an increased yolk sac TG content on E28 and E31, and a decreased serum TG and CHO content on E28 (P < 0.05). The IOF-OA embryos had less OA in the yolk sac and liver on E28, and less unsaturated FA in the serum and liver on E31 than did the control embryos (P < 0.05). Hepatic gene mRNA expression related to FA uptake, synthesis, and oxidation on E28 was lower in IOF-OA than in control embryos (P < 0.05), not on E31 (P > 0.05). Maximal metabolic changes in lipid and FA metabolism occurred on E22-E28 in Muscovy duck embryogenesis, along with the altered target gene and protein expression related to lipogenesis and lipolysis. IOF-OA intervention on E25 could inhibit the target gene expression related to FA uptake, synthesis, and oxidation, which may influence the normal FA metabolism on E28 during embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufen Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qilin Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wenxuan Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chuang Liu
- Wen's Food Group Co., Ltd, Yunfu 52740, China
| | - Liang Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xin Zuo
- Wen's Food Group Co., Ltd, Yunfu 52740, China
| | | | | | - Hui Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wence Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China,Corresponding authors.
| | - Yongwen Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China,Corresponding authors.
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Zmrhal V, Svoradova A, Batik A, Slama P. Three-Dimensional Avian Hematopoietic Stem Cell Cultures as a Model for Studying Disease Pathogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:730804. [PMID: 35127695 PMCID: PMC8811169 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.730804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture is attracting increasing attention today because it can mimic tissue environments and provide more realistic results than do conventional cell cultures. On the other hand, very little attention has been given to using 3D cell cultures in the field of avian cell biology. Although mimicking the bone marrow niche is a classic challenge of mammalian stem cell research, experiments have never been conducted in poultry on preparing in vitro the bone marrow niche. It is well known, however, that all diseases cause immunosuppression and target immune cells and their development. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) reside in the bone marrow and constitute a source for immune cells of lymphoid and myeloid origins. Disease prevention and control in poultry are facing new challenges, such as greater use of alternative breeding systems and expanding production of eggs and chicken meat in developing countries. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic will draw greater attention to the importance of disease management in poultry because poultry constitutes a rich source of zoonotic diseases. For these reasons, and because they will lead to a better understanding of disease pathogenesis, in vivo HSC niches for studying disease pathogenesis can be valuable tools for developing more effective disease prevention, diagnosis, and control. The main goal of this review is to summarize knowledge about avian hematopoietic cells, HSC niches, avian immunosuppressive diseases, and isolation of HSC, and the main part of the review is dedicated to using 3D cell cultures and their possible use for studying disease pathogenesis with practical examples. Therefore, this review can serve as a practical guide to support further preparation of 3D avian HSC niches to study the pathogenesis of avian diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Zmrhal
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Svoradova
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- NPPC, Research Institute for Animal Production in Nitra, Luzianky, Slovak Republic
| | - Andrej Batik
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Slama
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
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10
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Garcia P, Wang Y, Viallet J, Macek Jilkova Z. The Chicken Embryo Model: A Novel and Relevant Model for Immune-Based Studies. Front Immunol 2021; 12:791081. [PMID: 34868080 PMCID: PMC8640176 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.791081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of the immune system is associated with many pathologies, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer. To date, the most commonly used models in biomedical research are rodents, and despite the various advantages they offer, their use also raises numerous drawbacks. Recently, another in vivo model, the chicken embryo and its chorioallantoic membrane, has re-emerged for various applications. This model has many benefits compared to other classical models, as it is cost-effective, time-efficient, and easier to use. In this review, we explain how the chicken embryo can be used as a model for immune-based studies, as it gradually develops an embryonic immune system, yet which is functionally similar to humans'. We mainly aim to describe the avian immune system, highlighting the differences and similarities with the human immune system, including the repertoire of lymphoid tissues, immune cells, and other key features. We also describe the general in ovo immune ontogeny. In conclusion, we expect that this review will help future studies better tailor their use of the chicken embryo model for testing specific experimental hypotheses or performing preclinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Garcia
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- R&D Department, Inovotion, La Tronche, France
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Research Center Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)/Inserm U 1209/CNRS 5309, La Tronche, France
| | - Yan Wang
- R&D Department, Inovotion, La Tronche, France
| | | | - Zuzana Macek Jilkova
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Research Center Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)/Inserm U 1209/CNRS 5309, La Tronche, France
- Service d’Hépato-Gastroentérologie, Pôle Digidune, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (USA) Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France
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11
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Meng Y, Qiu N, Guyonnet V, Mine Y. Omics as a Window To Unravel the Dynamic Changes of Egg Components during Chicken Embryonic Development. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:12947-12955. [PMID: 34709815 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chicken egg, as a completely aseptic and self-sufficient biological entity, contains all of the components required for embryonic development. As such, it constitutes not only an excellent model to study the mechanisms of early embryo nutrition and disease origin but can also be used to develop egg-based products with specific applications. Different omics disciplines, like transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, represent promising approaches to assess nutritional and functional molecules in eggs under development. However, these individual molecules do not act in isolation during the dynamic embryogenic process (e.g., migration, transportation, and absorption). Unless we integrate the information from all of these omics disciplines, there will remain an unbridged gap in the systematic and holistic assessment of the information from one omics level to the other. This integrative review of the dynamic molecular processes of the different chicken egg components involved in embryo development describes the critical interplay between the egg components and their implications in immunity, hematopoiesis, organ formation, and nutrient transport functions during the embryonic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Meng
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Vincent Guyonnet
- FFI Consulting, Limited, 2488 Lyn Road, Brockville, Ontario K6V 5T3, Canada
| | - Yoshinori Mine
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
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12
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Meng Y, Qiu N, Mine Y, Keast R. Comparative Lipidomics of Chick Yolk Sac during the Embryogenesis Provides Insight into Understanding the Development-Related Lipid Supply. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:7467-7477. [PMID: 34159787 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Yolk sac (YS, include the yolk content) at different chick embryogenesis stages possesses varying lipid distributions, which are nutrition-influencing factors for the health of an early embryo and a later adult. YS lipids can substantially influence embryogenesis metabolism, but a comprehensive understanding of lipid's influence remains unknown. Herein, the effects of embryogenesis on lipid profiling of chick YS were investigated by UHPLC-MS/MS-based lipidomics. A total of 2231 lipid species across 57 subclasses were identified in the YS, and 1011 lipids were significantly different (P < 0.05) at the incubation days of 0, 7, 13, and 18. Specifically, phosphocholine and phosphatidylglycerol in late-stage embryogenesis potentially assist with prehatching gas exchange and infection resistance in the environment after lung respiration. In addition, the accumulated lysophosphatidylcholine at day 18 may induce apoptosis and disturb the membrane structure of YS to enable better absorption by the embryo abdomen. The decreased cardiolipin in late embryogenesis may be due to transportation to the embryo and integration into the mitochondrial membrane to accelerate energy metabolism for the rapidly developing embryo after day 13. Therefore, this study demonstrated the lipid profile alteration of the developing YS, providing theoretical guidance for researching the developmental origins of health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Meng
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Ning Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Yoshinori Mine
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Russell Keast
- CASS Food Research Centre, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
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13
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Wong EA, Uni Z. Centennial Review: The chicken yolk sac is a multifunctional organ. Poult Sci 2021; 100:100821. [PMID: 33518342 PMCID: PMC7936120 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The yolk sac (YS) consists of the yolk, which supplies nutrients, and the YS tissue, which surrounds the yolk and provides essential metabolic functions for the developing embryo. The YS tissue is derived from the midgut of the embryo and consists of a layer of endodermal epithelial cells (EEC) in contact with the yolk contents, a mesodermal layer that contains the vascular system and an outer ectodermal layer. The YS tissue is a multifunctional organ that provides essential functions such as host immunity, nutrient uptake, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and erythropoiesis. The YS tissue plays a role in immunity by the transport of maternal antibodies in the yolk to the embryonic circulation that feeds the developing embryo. In addition, the YS tissue expresses high mRNA levels of the host defense peptide, avian β-defensin 10 during mid embryogenesis. Owing to its origin, the YS EEC share some functional properties with intestinal epithelial cells such as expression of transporters for amino acids, peptides, monosaccharides, fatty acids, and minerals. The YS tissue stores glycogen and expresses enzymes for glycogen synthesis and breakdown and glucogenesis. This carbohydrate metabolism may play an important role in the hatching process. The mesodermal layer of the YS tissue is the site for erythropoiesis and provides erythrocytes before the maturation of the bone marrow. Other functions of the YS tissue involve synthesis of plasma proteins, lipid transport and cholesterol metabolism, and synthesis of thyroxine. Thus, the YS is an essential organ for the growth, development, and health of the developing embryo. This review will provide an overview of the studies that have investigated the functionalities of the YS tissue at the cellular and molecular levels with a focus on chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Wong
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061.
| | - Z Uni
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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14
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Liu H, Ding P, Tong Y, He X, Yin Y, Zhang H, Song Z. Metabolomic analysis of the egg yolk during the embryonic development of broilers. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101014. [PMID: 33676096 PMCID: PMC7933800 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The chicken egg yolk, which is abundant with lipids, proteins, and minerals, is the major nutrient resource for the embryonic development. In fact, the magnitude and type of yolk nutrients are dynamically changed during the chicken embryogenesis to meet the developmental and nutritional requests at different stages. The yolk nutrients are metabolized and absorbed by the yolk sac membrane and then used by the embryo or other extraembryonic tissues. Thus, understanding the metabolites in the yolk helps to unveil the developmental nutritional requirements for the chicken embryo. In this study, we performed ultra high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) analysis to investigate the change of metabolites in the egg yolk at embryonic (E) 07, E09, E11, E15, E17, and E19. The results showed that 1) the egg yolk metabolites at E07 and E09 were approximately similar, but E09, E11, E15, E17, and E19 were different from each other, indicating the developmental and metabolic change of the egg yolk; and 2) most of the metabolites were annotated in amino acid metabolism pathways from E11 to E15 and E17 to E19. Especially, arginine, lysine, cysteine, and histidine were continuously increased during the embryonic development, probably because of their effects on the growth promotion and oxidative stress amelioration of the embryo. Interestingly, the ferroptosis was found as one of major processes occurred from E15 to E17 and E17 to E19. Owing to the upregulated expression of acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 detected in the yolk sac, we assumed that the ferroptosis of the yolk sac was perhaps caused by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, which was induced by the large amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids and influx of iron in the yolk. Our findings might offer a novel understanding of embryonic nutrition of broilers according to the developmental changes of metabolites in the egg yolk and may provide new ideas to improve the health and nutrition for prehatch broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichao Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Peng Ding
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yueyue Tong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xi He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Feed Safety and Efficient Use, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Feed Safety and Efficient Use, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haihan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Feed Safety and Efficient Use, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Zehe Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Feed Safety and Efficient Use, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, Hunan, China
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15
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Rezaee MS, Liebhart D, Hess C, Hess M, Paudel S. Bacterial Infection in Chicken Embryos and Consequences of Yolk Sac Constitution for Embryo Survival. Vet Pathol 2020; 58:71-79. [PMID: 33016240 DOI: 10.1177/0300985820960127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial infections in chicken eggs often cause mortality of embryos and clinical consequences in chicks but the pathological mechanism is unclear. We investigated the pathological changes and bacterial growth kinetics in dead and live embryos following infection with 2 Escherichia coli strains with a different clinical background and with 1 Salmonella Enteritidis strain. In 2 experiments, 12-day-old embryos were infected via the allantoic sac with 100 µl of 1 to 5 × 102 CFU/ml of one of the bacteria. In experiment 1, only dead embryos were sampled until 4 days postinfection (dpi), and surviving embryos were sampled at 5 dpi. In experiment 2, sampling was performed in dead and killed embryos sequentially at 1, 2, 3, and 4 dpi. The bacteria showed varying pathogenicity in embryos. The yolk sacs of dead embryos showed congestion, inflammation, damaged blood vessels, and abnormal endodermal epithelial cells. Such lesions were absent in the yolk sacs of negative control embryos and in those of embryos that survived infection. The livers and hearts of dead embryos showed congestion and lysed erythrocytes with no morphological changes in hepatocytes or myocardial cells. All bacteria multiplied rapidly in the yolks of infected embryos, although this did not predict survival. However, the livers of dead embryos contained significantly higher bacterial loads than the livers of the embryos that survived infection. The results provide evidence that lesions in the yolk sac, which have been neglected to date, coincide with embryonic mortality, underlining the importance of healthy yolk sacs for embryo survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Claudia Hess
- 27260University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Hess
- 27260University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Surya Paudel
- 27260University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
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16
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Tongkamsai S, Lee MS, Tsai YL, Chung HH, Lai GH, Cheng JH, Cheng MC, Lien YY. Oral Inoculation of Specific-Pathogen-Free Chickens with Chicken Anemia Virus Induces Dose-Dependent Viremia and Transient Anemia. Pathogens 2019; 8:pathogens8030141. [PMID: 31500305 PMCID: PMC6789665 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens8030141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chicken infectious anemia caused by chicken anemia virus (CAV) is a very important immunosuppressive disease in chickens. The horizontal spread of CAV in field chickens has been confirmed mainly through oral infection in our published article. Anemia is the main symptom of this disease. Studies by other scientists have shown that infection of CAV in 1-day-old chicks can cause anemia, and the degree of anemia is directly proportional to the dose of infectious virus. However, the pathogenesis of oral inoculation of CAV in older chickens is still not well understood. The purpose of this study was to determine whether 3-weeks-old specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens infected with different viral doses in oral route would cause anemia, as well as other signs associated with age-resistance. The experimental design was divided into a high-dose inoculated group (106 1050), low-dose inoculated group (103 TCID50), and non-virus inoculated control group, and 12 birds in each group at the beginning of the trial. The packed cell volumes (PCVs), CAV genome copies in tissues, CAV titer in peripheral blood fractions, and serology were evaluated at 7, 14, and 21 days post-infection (dpi). Virus replication and spread were estimated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and viral titration in cell culture, respectively. The results showed that the average PCVs value of the high-dose inoculated group was significantly lower than that of the control group at 14 dpi (p < 0.05), and 44.4% (4/9) of the chickens reached the anemia level (PCVs < 27%). At 21 dpi, the average PCV value rebounded but remained lower than the control group without significant differences. In the low-dose inoculated group, all birds did not reach anemia during the entire trial period. Peripheral blood analysis showed that the virus titer in all erythrocyte, granulocyte and mononuclear cell reached the peak at 14 dpi regardless of the high-dose or low-dose inoculated group, and the highest virus titer appeared in the high-dose inoculated group of mononuclear cell. In the low-dose inoculated group, CAV was detected only at 14 dpi in erythrocyte. Taken together, our results indicate that the older birds require a higher dose of infectious CAV to cause anemia after about 14 days of infection, which is related to apoptosis caused by viral infection of erythrocytes. In both inoculated groups, the viral genome copies did not increase in the bone marrow, which indicated that minimal cell susceptibility to CAV was found in older chickens. In the low-dose inoculated group, only mononuclear cells can still be detected with CAV at 21 dpi in seropositive chickens, indicating that the mononuclear cell is the target cell for persistent infection. Therefore, complete elimination of the CAV may still require the aid of a cell-mediated immune response (CMI), although it has previously been reported to be inhibited by CAV infection. Prevention of early exposure to CAV could be possible by improved hygiene procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suttitas Tongkamsai
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan.
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-ok, Chonburi 20110, Thailand.
| | - Meng-Shiou Lee
- School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Lun Tsai
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan.
| | - Hsyang-Hsun Chung
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan.
- Research Center of Animal Biologics, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan.
| | - Guan-Hua Lai
- School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Jai-Hong Cheng
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Chu Cheng
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan.
- Research Center of Animal Biologics, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Yang Lien
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan.
- Research Center of Animal Biologics, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan.
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17
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Zhang H, Wong EA. Expression of avian β-defensin mRNA in the chicken yolk sac. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 95:89-95. [PMID: 30753854 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The chicken yolk sac (YS) plays an important role in nutrient absorption and immune function for the developing embryo. The avian β-defensins (AvBD) are cationic peptides that are important members of the innate immune system. The objective of this study was to profile AvBD mRNA expression patterns and distribution of cells expressing AvBD mRNA in the chicken YS. Expression of AvBD1, 2, 7, and 10 mRNA was low at embryonic day 7 (e7), increased to e9 through e13 and then declined to e19. Using in situ hybridization, AvBD10 mRNA was found to be expressed in endodermal epithelial cells, while AvBD1, 2, and 7 mRNA were expressed in heterophils. The developmental expression pattern and distribution of AvBD mRNA in the YS reveals the importance of these genes to protection of the developing chick embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihan Zhang
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
| | - Eric A Wong
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
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18
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Mahony CB, Bertrand JY. How HSCs Colonize and Expand in the Fetal Niche of the Vertebrate Embryo: An Evolutionary Perspective. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:34. [PMID: 30915333 PMCID: PMC6422921 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rare hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) can self-renew, establish the entire blood system and represent the basis of regenerative medicine applied to hematological disorders. Clinical use of HSCs is however limited by their inefficient expansion ex vivo, creating a need to further understand HSC expansion in vivo. After embryonic HSCs are born from the hemogenic endothelium, they migrate to the embryonic/fetal niche, where the future adult HSC pool is established by considerable expansion. This takes place at different anatomical sites and is controlled by numerous signals. HSCs then migrate to their adult niche, where they are maintained throughout adulthood. Exactly how HSC expansion is controlled during embryogenesis remains to be characterized and is an important step to improve the therapeutic use of HSCs. We will review the current knowledge of HSC expansion in the different fetal niches across several model organisms and highlight possible clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B Mahony
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, CMU, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Julien Y Bertrand
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, CMU, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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19
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Zinabadinova S, Lavrinenko V, Kaminsky R, Korsak A, Sokurenko L, Chaikovsky Y. Effects of technogenic pollutants on chicken embryos. CURRENT ISSUES IN PHARMACY AND MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/cipms-2018-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Increasing interest in nanomaterials can be explained by their broad involvement in many fields of industry and medicine. It is known that carbon black and crysotile asbestos behave like nanosized objects. They are wide spread in environment and have close contact with living organisms. The aim of our study was to define the effects of carbon black and crysotile asbestos on structures of the developing organism.
We used chicken embryos as a model for our study. Total amount of 77 eggs was divided in three groups: one control and two experimental with introduced carbon black and asbestos respectively. Researched materials were injected in the yolk on the third day of incubation and tissues for study were taken during early, middle and late stages of incubation. Histological and electron microscopy methods were used.
Carbon black and asbestos introduction caused underdevelopment of embryos and vessels depletion in blood islands of the yolk sac. Asbestos slowed down angiogenesis. Soot particles caused integrity violation of vessels and led to extravasation. The manifestations of soot influence were damages to blood circulatory system and structural disorders on cellular level. Introduction of chrysotile asbestos mostly resulted in compensatoryadaptive reactions like increasing in hematopoiesis and transcytosis in endotheliocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrie Zinabadinova
- O.O. Bogomolets National Medical University , Department of Histology and Embryology , T. Shevchenko boulevard 13, 01601 Kyiv , Ukraine
| | - Viktoria Lavrinenko
- O.O. Bogomolets National Medical University , Department of Histology and Embryology , T. Shevchenko boulevard 13, 01601 Kyiv , Ukraine
| | - Rostislav Kaminsky
- O.O. Bogomolets National Medical University , Department of Histology and Embryology , T. Shevchenko boulevard 13, 01601 Kyiv , Ukraine
| | - Alina Korsak
- O.O. Bogomolets National Medical University , Department of Histology and Embryology , T. Shevchenko boulevard 13, 01601 Kyiv , Ukraine
| | - Liudmyla Sokurenko
- O.O. Bogomolets National Medical University , Department of Histology and Embryology , T. Shevchenko boulevard 13, 01601 Kyiv , Ukraine
| | - Yuri Chaikovsky
- O.O. Bogomolets National Medical University , Department of Histology and Embryology , T. Shevchenko boulevard 13, 01601 Kyiv , Ukraine
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20
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Klaus A, Robin C. Embryonic hematopoiesis under microscopic observation. Dev Biol 2017; 428:318-327. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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21
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Manso PPDA, E. P. Dias de Oliveira BC, Carvalho de Sequeira P, Rodrigues Maia de Souza Y, dos Santos Ferro JM, da Silva IJ, Gonçalves Caputo LF, Tavares Guedes P, Araujo Cunha dos Santos A, da Silva Freire M, Bonaldo MC, Pelajo Machado M. Kinetic Study of Yellow Fever 17DD Viral Infection in Gallus gallus domesticus Embryos. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155041. [PMID: 27158977 PMCID: PMC4861264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Yellow fever continues to be an important epidemiological problem in Africa and South America even though the disease can be controlled by vaccination. The vaccine has been produced since 1937 and is based on YFV 17DD chicken embryo infection. However, little is known about the histopathological background of virus infection and replication in this model. Here we show by morphological and molecular methods (brightfield and confocal microscopies, immunofluorescence, nested-PCR and sequencing) the kinetics of YFV 17DD infection in chicken embryos with 9 days of development, encompassing 24 to 96 hours post infection. Our principal findings indicate that the main cells involved in virus production are myoblasts with a mesenchymal shape, which also are the first cells to express virus proteins in Gallus gallus embryos at 48 hours after infection. At 72 hours post infection, we observed an increase of infected cells in embryos. Many sites are thus affected in the infection sequence, especially the skeletal muscle. We were also able to confirm an increase of nervous system infection at 96 hours post infection. Our data contribute to the comprehension of the pathogenesis of YF 17DD virus infection in Gallus gallus embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Igor José da Silva
- Laboratório de Patologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Priscila Tavares Guedes
- Laboratório de Patologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos da Silva Freire
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Virológica, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Myrna Cristina Bonaldo
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Manso PPDA, Dias de Oliveira BCEP, de Sequeira PC, Maia de Souza YR, Ferro JMDS, da Silva IJ, Caputo LFG, Guedes PT, dos Santos AAC, Freire MDS, Bonaldo MC, Pelajo-Machado M. Yellow Fever 17DD Vaccine Virus Infection Causes Detectable Changes in Chicken Embryos. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015; 9:e0004064. [PMID: 26371874 PMCID: PMC4570825 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The yellow fever (YF) 17D vaccine is one of the most effective human vaccines ever created. The YF vaccine has been produced since 1937 in embryonated chicken eggs inoculated with the YF 17D virus. Yet, little information is available about the infection mechanism of YF 17DD virus in this biological model. To better understand this mechanism, we infected embryos of Gallus gallus domesticus and analyzed their histopathology after 72 hours of YF infection. Some embryos showed few apoptotic bodies in infected tissues, suggesting mild focal infection processes. Confocal and super-resolution microscopic analysis allowed us to identify as targets of viral infection: skeletal muscle cells, cardiomyocytes, nervous system cells, renal tubular epithelium, lung parenchyma, and fibroblasts associated with connective tissue in the perichondrium and dermis. The virus replication was heaviest in muscle tissues. In all of these specimens, RT-PCR methods confirmed the presence of replicative intermediate and genomic YF RNA. This clearer characterization of cell targets in chicken embryos paves the way for future development of a new YF vaccine based on a new cell culture system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Igor José da Silva
- Laboratório de Patologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Priscila Tavares Guedes
- Laboratório de Patologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos da Silva Freire
- Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Myrna Cristina Bonaldo
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Cell interactions and cell signaling during hematopoietic development. Exp Cell Res 2014; 329:200-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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