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Feferbaum-Leite S, Santos IA, Grosche VR, da Silva GCD, Jardim ACG. Insights into enterovirus a-71 antiviral development: from natural sources to synthetic nanoparticles. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:334. [PMID: 37730918 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03660-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Enteroviruses are pathogens responsible for several diseases, being enterovirus A71 (EVA71) the second leading cause of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), especially in Asia-Pacific countries. HFMD is mostly common in infants and children, with mild symptoms. However, the disease can result in severe nervous system disorders in children as well as in immunosuppressed adults. The virus is highly contagious, and its transmission occurs via fecal-oral, oropharyngeal secretions, and fomites. The EVA71 burdens the healthy systems and economies around the world, however, up to date, there is no antiviral approved to treat infected individuals and the existent vaccines are not available or approved to be used worldwide. In this context, an extensive literature research was conducted to describe and summarize the recent advances in natural and/or synthetic compounds with antiviral activity against EVA71. The summarized data presented here might simply encourage the future studies in EVA71 antiviral development, by encouraging further research encompassing these compounds or even the application of the techniques and technologies to improve or produce new antiviral molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiraz Feferbaum-Leite
- Institute of Biomedical Science (ICBIM), Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Igor Andrade Santos
- Institute of Biomedical Science (ICBIM), Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Victória Riquena Grosche
- Institute of Biomedical Science (ICBIM), Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Sao Paulo State University, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Carolina Gomes Jardim
- Institute of Biomedical Science (ICBIM), Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
- Sao Paulo State University, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Shokry S, Hegazy A, Abbas AM, Mostafa I, Eissa IH, Metwaly AM, Yahya G, El-Shazly AM, Aboshanab KM, Mostafa A. Phytoestrogen β-Sitosterol Exhibits Potent In Vitro Antiviral Activity against Influenza A Viruses. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:228. [PMID: 36851106 PMCID: PMC9964242 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza is a contagious infection in humans that is caused frequently by low pathogenic seasonal influenza viruses and occasionally by pathogenic avian influenza viruses (AIV) of H5, H7, and H9 subtypes. Recently, the clinical sector in poultry and humans has been confronted with many challenges, including the limited number of antiviral drugs and the rapid evolution of drug-resistant variants. Herein, the anti-influenza activities of various plant-derived phytochemicals were investigated against highly pathogenic avian influenza A/H5N1 virus (HPAIV H5N1) and seasonal low pathogenic human influenza A/H1N1 virus (LPHIV H1N1). Out of the 22 tested phytochemicals, the steroid compounds β-sitosterol and β-sitosterol-O-glucoside have very potent activity against the predefined influenza A viruses (IAV). Both steroids could induce such activity by affecting multiple stages during IAV replication cycles, including viral adsorption and replication with a major and significant impact on the virus directly in a cell-free status "viricidal effect". On a molecular level, several molecular docking studies suggested that β-sitosterol and β-sitosterol-O-glucoside exhibited viricidal effects through blocking active binding sites of the hemagglutinin surface protein, as well as showing inhibitory effects against replication through the binding with influenza neuraminidase activity and blocking the active sites of the M2 proton channel activity. The phytoestrogen β-sitosterol has structural similarity with the active form of the female sex hormone estradiol, and this similarity is likely one of the molecular determinants that enables the phytoestrogen β-sitosterol and its derivative to control IAV infection in vitro. This promising anti-influenza activity of β-sitosterol and its O-glycoside derivative, according to both in vitro and cheminformatics studies, recommend both phytochemicals for further studies going through preclinical and clinical phases as efficient anti-influenza drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Shokry
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Akram Hegazy
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza District, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Ahmad M. Abbas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Salman International University (KSIU), Sinai 46612, Egypt
| | - Islam Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H. Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
- Biopharmaceutical Products Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria 21934, Egypt
| | - Galal Yahya
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Assem M. El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
- Faculty of Pharmacy, El Saleheya El Gadida University, El Saleheya El Gadida 44813, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Khaled M. Aboshanab
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mostafa
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
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Single -and Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes as Nanocarriers for the Delivery of 7-Hydroxyflavone. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122806. [PMID: 36559299 PMCID: PMC9783208 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The research on flavonoids has exponentially grown since their first therapeutic evidence, in 1937. They are effective in vitro in a wide range of human diseases, particularly those mediated by free radicals, such as cancer, atherosclerosis, AIDS, or neuronal diseases. However, their applications have been reduced due to their low solubility, poor absorption, and rapid metabolism. Flavonoid encapsulation in nanocarriers significantly improves their oral absorption, protects the drug against degradation, decreases the first-pass hepatic effect, and makes absorption through the lymphatic system easier. In this work, carbon nanotubes were used as nanocarriers of 7-hydroxyflavone, 7-HF. The encapsulation of 7-HF into pristine single- and multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and into -COOH functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes has been investigated. The equilibrium association constants were estimated. The structural backbone of 7-HF, two benzene rings linked through three carbon atoms that form a pyran heterocyclic ring containing a keto group, seems to play a key role in the 7-HF/CNT interactions, although other types of interactions are also at work. The in vitro release of 7-HF was studied at three pHs, 2.0, 7.4, and 9.2, mimicking the different biological barriers of the human organism.
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Le TTV, Do PC. Molecular docking study of various Enterovirus—A71 3C protease proteins and their potential inhibitors. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:987801. [PMID: 36246267 PMCID: PMC9563145 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.987801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infection that primarily affects children in preschool and kindergarten; however, there is yet no vaccination or therapy available. Despite the fact that current research is only focused on numerous strains of Enterovirus—A71 (EV-A71) 3C protease (3Cpro), these investigations are entirely separate and unrelated. Antiviral agents must therefore be tested on several EV strains or mutations. In total, 21 previously reported inhibitors were evaluated for inhibitory effects on eight EV-A71 3Cpro, including wild-type and mutant proteins in this study, and another 29 powerful candidates with inhibitory effects on EV-A71 were investigated using the molecular docking approach. This method is to determine the broad-spectrum of the antiviral agents on a range of strains or mutants because the virus frequently has mutations. Even though Rupintrivir is reported to pass phase I clinical trial, 4-iminooxazolidin-2-one moiety (FIOMC) was shown to have a broader anti-3Cpro spectrum than Rupintrivir. Meanwhile, Hesperidin possessed a better 3Cpro inhibitory capability than FIOMC. Thus, it could be considered the most promising candidate for inhibiting various strains of EV-A71 3Cpro proteins in the newly anti-EV compounds group. Furthermore, the mutation at E71A has the most significant impact on the docking results of all ligands evaluated. Future in vitro experiments on Hesperidin’s ability to inhibit 3Cpro activity should be conducted to compare with FIOMC’s in vitro results and validate the current in silico work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran Thao Vy Le
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Phuc-Chau Do
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- *Correspondence: Phuc-Chau Do,
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Pharmacological Potential of Flavonoids against Neurotropic Viruses. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091149. [PMID: 36145370 PMCID: PMC9502241 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are a group of natural compounds that have been described in the literature as having anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective compounds. Although they are considered versatile molecules, little has been discussed about their antiviral activities for neurotropic viruses. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate the pharmacological potential of flavonoids in the face of viruses that can affect the central nervous system (CNS). We carried out research from 2011 to 2021 using the Pubmed platform. The following were excluded: articles not in the English language, letters to editors, review articles and papers that did not include any experimental or clinical tests, and papers that showed antiviral activities against viruses that do not infect human beings. The inclusion criteria were in silico predictions and preclinical pharmacological studies, in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo, and clinical studies with flavonoids, flavonoid fractions and extracts that were active against neurotropic viruses. The search resulted in 205 articles that were sorted per virus type and discussed, considering the most cited antiviral activities. Our investigation shows the latest relevant data about flavonoids that have presented a wide range of actions against viruses that affect the CNS, mainly influenza, hepatitis C and others, such as the coronavirus, enterovirus, and arbovirus. Considering that these molecules present well-known anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities, using flavonoids that have demonstrated both neuroprotective and antiviral effects could be viewed as an alternative for therapy in the course of CNS infections.
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Coumarin Derivatives Inhibit ADP-Induced Platelet Activation and Aggregation. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134054. [PMID: 35807298 PMCID: PMC9268609 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Coumarin was first discovered in Tonka bean and then widely in other plants. Coumarin has an anticoagulant effect, and its derivative, warfarin, is a vitamin K analogue that inhibits the synthesis of clotting factors and is more widely used in the clinical treatment of endovascular embolism. At present, many artificial chemical synthesis methods can be used to modify the structure of coumarin to develop many effective drugs with low toxicity. In this study, we investigated the effects of six coumarin derivatives on the platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP). We found that the six coumarin derivatives inhibited the active form of GPIIb/IIIa on platelets and hence inhibit platelet aggregation. We found that 7-hydroxy-3-phenyl 4H-chromen-4-one (7-hydroxyflavone) had the most severe effect. In addition, we further analyzed the downstream signal transduction of the ADP receptor, including the release of calcium ions and the regulation of cAMP, which were inhibited by the six coumarin derivatives selected in this study. These results suggest that coumarin derivatives inhibit coagulation by inhibiting the synthesis of coagulation factors and they may also inhibit platelet aggregation.
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Sharma V, Sehrawat N, Sharma A, Yadav M, Verma P, Sharma AK. Multifaceted antiviral therapeutic potential of dietary flavonoids: Emerging trends and future perspectives. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:2028-2045. [PMID: 34586691 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemicals are the natural biomolecules produced by plants via primary or secondary metabolism, which have been known to have many potential health benefits to human beings. Flavonoids or phytoestrogens constitute a major group of such phytochemicals widely available in variety of vegetables, fruits, herbs, tea, and so forth, implicated in a variety of bio-pharmacological and biochemical activities against diseases including bacterial, viral, cancer, inflammatory, and autoimmune disorders. More recently, these natural biomolecules have been shown to have effective antiviral properties via therapeutically active ingredients within them, acting at different stages of infection. Current review emphasizes upon the role of these flavonoids in physiological functions, prevention and treatment of viral diseases. More so the review focuses specifically upon the antiviral effects exhibited by these natural biomolecules against RNA viruses including coronaviruses. Furthermore, the article would certainly provide a lead to the scientific community for the effective therapeutic antiviral use of flavonoids using potential cost-effective tools for improvement of the pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, and biodistribution of such compounds for the concrete action along with the promotion of human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varruchi Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College, Chandigarh, India
| | - Nirmala Sehrawat
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Ajay Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Career Point University, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Mukesh Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Pawan Verma
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Anil K Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar, Ambala, Haryana, India
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Laajala M, Reshamwala D, Marjomäki V. Therapeutic targets for enterovirus infections. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:745-757. [DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1784141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mira Laajala
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science/Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Dhanik Reshamwala
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science/Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Varpu Marjomäki
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science/Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Flavonoids as Antiviral Agents for Enterovirus A71 ( EV-A71). Viruses 2020; 12:v12020184. [PMID: 32041232 PMCID: PMC7077323 DOI: 10.3390/v12020184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are natural biomolecules that are known to be effective antivirals. These biomolecules can act at different stages of viral infection, particularly at the molecular level to inhibit viral growth. Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), a non-enveloped RNA virus, is one of the causative agents of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), which is prevalent in Asia. Despite much effort, no clinically approved antiviral treatment is available for children suffering from HFMD. Flavonoids from plants serve as a vast reservoir of therapeutically active constituents that have been explored as potential antiviral candidates against RNA and DNA viruses. Here, we reviewed flavonoids as evidence-based natural sources of antivirals against non-picornaviruses and picornaviruses. The detailed molecular mechanisms involved in the inhibition of EV-A71 infections are discussed.
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Yao C, Xi C, Hu K, Gao W, Cai X, Qin J, Lv S, Du C, Wei Y. Inhibition of enterovirus 71 replication and viral 3C protease by quercetin. Virol J 2018; 15:116. [PMID: 30064445 PMCID: PMC6069798 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-018-1023-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is one of the major causative agents of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), which is sometimes associated with severe central nervous system disease in children. There is currently no specific medication for EV71 infection. Quercetin, one of the most widely distributed flavonoids in plants, has been demonstrated to inhibit various viral infections. However, investigation of the anti-EV71 mechanism has not been reported to date. METHODS The anti-EV71 activity of quercetin was evaluated by phenotype screening, determining the cytopathic effect (CPE) and EV71-induced cells apoptosis. The effects on EV71 replication were evaluated further by determining virus yield, viral RNA synthesis and protein expression, respectively. The mechanism of action against EV71 was determined from the effective stage and time-of-addition assays. The possible inhibitory functions of quercetin via viral 2Apro, 3Cpro or 3Dpol were tested. The interaction between EV71 3Cpro and quercetin was predicted and calculated by molecular docking. RESULTS Quercetin inhibited EV71-mediated cytopathogenic effects, reduced EV71 progeny yields, and prevented EV71-induced apoptosis with low cytotoxicity. Investigation of the underlying mechanism of action revealed that quercetin exhibited a preventive effect against EV71 infection and inhibited viral adsorption. Moreover, quercetin mediated its powerful therapeutic effects primarily by blocking the early post-attachment stage of viral infection. Further experiments demonstrated that quercetin potently inhibited the activity of the EV71 protease, 3Cpro, blocking viral replication, but not the activity of the protease, 2Apro, or the RNA polymerase, 3Dpol. Modeling of the molecular binding of the 3Cpro-quercetin complex revealed that quercetin was predicted to insert into the substrate-binding pocket of EV71 3Cpro, blocking substrate recognition and thereby inhibiting EV71 3Cpro activity. CONCLUSIONS Quercetin can effectively prevent EV71-induced cell injury with low toxicity to host cells. Quercetin may act in more than one way to deter viral infection, exhibiting some preventive and a powerful therapeutic effect against EV71. Further, quercetin potently inhibits EV71 3Cpro activity, thereby blocking EV71 replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenguang Yao
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068 China
| | - Caili Xi
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068 China
| | - Kanghong Hu
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068 China
| | - Wa Gao
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068 China
| | - Xiaofeng Cai
- Merck Stiftungsprofessur Molekulare BiotechnologieInstitut für Molekulare Biowissenschaften Goethe Universität Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jinlan Qin
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068 China
| | - Shiyun Lv
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068 China
| | - Canghao Du
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068 China
| | - Yanhong Wei
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068 China
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Stompor M, Świtalska M, Wietrzyk J. Synthesis and biological evaluation of acyl derivatives of hydroxyflavones as potent antiproliferative agents against drug resistance cell lines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 73:87-93. [DOI: 10.1515/znc-2017-0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The synthesis of hydroxyflavone derivatives is described. The acyl derivatives of 3-, 6-, 7-hydroxyflavones (compounds 2, 4, 6, respectively) and chrysin (5,7-dihydroxyflavone, 7) were obtained in high yields and evaluated in vitro for their cytotoxic activity against several cancer cell lines of different origin: MCF-7 (breast cancer), A549 (nonsmall cell lung cancer), MES-SA (uterine sarcoma), LoVo (colon cancer), drug-resistant human cancer cells (MES-SA/DX5, LoVo/DX) and also towards non-cancer cell line MCF-10A (normal breast epithelial cells). The flavones modified with acyl group showed higher antiproliferative activity than free hydroxyflavones. The highest activity was noted for 3-acetoxyflavone (2), which proved active against LoVo, LoVo/DX, and MES-SA cell lines (IC50 from 4.7 μM to 7.8 μM, respectively). The highest ability to overcome the barrier of resistance (resistance index=0.82) against the drug-resistant MES-SA/DX5 cells compared to the parental drug-sensitive MES-SA cell line was found for 7-acetoxyflavone (6).
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Stompor
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences , University of Rzeszów , Warzywna 1a 35-310 , Rzeszów , Poland , Phone: +48 17 851 68 55
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , University of Rzeszów , Warzywna 1a 35-310 , Rzeszów , Poland
| | - Marta Świtalska
- Department of Experimental Oncology , Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences , Weigla 12 53–114 , Wrocław , Poland
| | - Joanna Wietrzyk
- Department of Experimental Oncology , Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences , Weigla 12 53–114 , Wrocław , Poland
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Du J, Chen Z, Zhang T, Wang J, Jin Q. Inhibition of dengue virus replication by diisopropyl chrysin-7-yl phosphate. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2016; 59:832-8. [PMID: 27106619 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-016-5050-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Dengue fever is a tropical disease and caused by dengue virus (DENV), which is transmitted by mosquitoes and infects about 400 million people annually. With the development of international trade and travel, China is facing a growing threat. Over 40 thousands of people were infected during the 2014 DENV outbreak in Guangdong. Neither licensed vaccine nor therapeutic drug has been available. In this report, we isolated two clinical DENV strains. The full-length genome was sequenced and characterized. We also applied a flavonoid, CPI, into an anti-DENV assay. Replication of viral RNA and expression of viral protein was all strongly inhibited. These results indicated that CPI may serve as potential protective agents in the treatment of patients with chronic DENV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Du
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Jianmin Wang
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100176, China.
| | - Qi Jin
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100176, China.
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Arita M, Philipov S, Galabov AS. Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase III beta is the target of oxoglaucine and pachypodol (Ro 09-0179) for their anti-poliovirus activities, and is located at upstream of the target step of brefeldin A. Microbiol Immunol 2016; 59:338-47. [PMID: 25891300 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase III beta (PI4KB) has emerged as a conserved target of anti-picornavirus compounds. In the present study, PI4KB was identified as the direct target of the plant-derived anti-picornavirus compounds, oxoglaucine and pachypodol (also known as Ro 09-0179). PI4KB was also identified as the target via which pachypodol interferes with brefeldin A (BFA)-induced Golgi disassembly in non-infected cells. Oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP) inhibitor also has interfering activity against BFA. It seems that this interference is not essential for the anti-poliovirus (PV) activities of BFA and PI4KB/OSBP inhibitors. BFA inhibited early to late phase PV replication (0 to 6 hr postinfection) as well as PI4KB inhibitor, but with some delay compared to guanidine hydrochloride treatment. In contrast with PI4KB/OSBP inhibitors, BFA inhibited viral nascent RNA synthesis, suggesting that BFA targets some step of viral RNA synthesis located downstream of the PI4KB/OSBP pathway in PV replication. Our results suggest that PI4KB is a major target of anti-picornavirus compounds identified in vitro for their anti-picornavirus activities and for some uncharacterized biological phenomena caused by these compounds, and that BFA and PI4KB/OSBP inhibitors synergistically repress PV replication by targeting distinct steps in viral RNA replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minetaro Arita
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama-shi, Tokyo 208-0011
| | - Stefan Philipov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Academician Georgi Bonchev Street, Bl.9-1113
| | - Angel S Galabov
- Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 26 Academician Georgi Bonchev Street, BG-1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
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14
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Han X, Sun N, Wu H, Guo D, Tien P, Dong C, Wu S, Zhou HB. Identification and Structure–Activity Relationships of Diarylhydrazides as Novel Potent and Selective Human Enterovirus Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2016; 59:2139-50. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Han
- State
Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis
and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Ningyuan Sun
- College
of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Haoming Wu
- College
of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Deyin Guo
- College
of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Po Tien
- College
of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Chune Dong
- State
Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis
and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Shuwen Wu
- College
of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hai-Bing Zhou
- State
Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis
and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
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15
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van der Linden L, Wolthers KC, van Kuppeveld FJM. Replication and Inhibitors of Enteroviruses and Parechoviruses. Viruses 2015; 7:4529-62. [PMID: 26266417 PMCID: PMC4576193 DOI: 10.3390/v7082832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The Enterovirus (EV) and Parechovirus genera of the picornavirus family include many important human pathogens, including poliovirus, rhinovirus, EV-A71, EV-D68, and human parechoviruses (HPeV). They cause a wide variety of diseases, ranging from a simple common cold to life-threatening diseases such as encephalitis and myocarditis. At the moment, no antiviral therapy is available against these viruses and it is not feasible to develop vaccines against all EVs and HPeVs due to the great number of serotypes. Therefore, a lot of effort is being invested in the development of antiviral drugs. Both viral proteins and host proteins essential for virus replication can be used as targets for virus inhibitors. As such, a good understanding of the complex process of virus replication is pivotal in the design of antiviral strategies goes hand in hand with a good understanding of the complex process of virus replication. In this review, we will give an overview of the current state of knowledge of EV and HPeV replication and how this can be inhibited by small-molecule inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lonneke van der Linden
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.
| | - Katja C Wolthers
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.
| | - Frank J M van Kuppeveld
- Virology Division, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, Utrecht 3584 CL, The Netherlands.
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16
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Wang H, Zhang D, Ge M, Li Z, Jiang J, Li Y. Formononetin inhibits enterovirus 71 replication by regulating COX- 2/PGE₂ expression. Virol J 2015; 12:35. [PMID: 25890183 PMCID: PMC4351682 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0264-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The activation of ERK, p38 and JNK signal cascade in host cells has been demonstrated to up-regulate of enterovirus 71 (EV71)-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)/ prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) expression which is essential for viral replication. So, we want to know whether a compound can inhibit EV71 infection by suppressing COX-2/PGE2 expression. Methods The antiviral effect of formononetin was determined by cytopathic effect (CPE) assay and the time course assays. The influence of formononetin for EV71 replication was determined by immunofluorescence assay, western blotting assay and qRT-PCR assay. The mechanism of the antiviral activity of formononetin was determined by western blotting assay and ELISA assay. Results Formononetin could reduce EV71 RNA and protein synthesis in a dose-dependent manner. The time course assays showed that formononetin displayed significant antiviral activity both before (24 or 12 h) and after (0–6 h) EV71 inoculation in SK-N-SH cells. Formononetin was also able to prevent EV71-induced cytopathic effect (CPE) and suppress the activation of ERK, p38 and JNK signal pathways. Furthermore, formononetin could suppress the EV71-induced COX-2/PGE2 expression. Also, formononetin exhibited similar antiviral activities against other members of Picornaviridae including coxsackievirus B2 (CVB2), coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) and coxsackievirus B6 (CVB6). Conclusions Formononetin could inhibit EV71-induced COX-2 expression and PGE2 production via MAPKs pathway including ERK, p38 and JNK. Formononetin exhibited antiviral activities against some members of Picornaviridae. These findings suggest that formononetin could be a potential lead or supplement for the development of new anti-EV71 agents in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqiang Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Dajun Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Miao Ge
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Zhuorong Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Jiandong Jiang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China. .,Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Yuhuan Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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