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Fazzone B, Anderson EM, Rozowsky JM, Yu X, O’Malley KA, Robinson S, Scali ST, Cai G, Berceli SA. Short-Term Dietary Restriction Potentiates an Anti-Inflammatory Circulating Mucosal-Associated Invariant T-Cell Response. Nutrients 2024; 16:1245. [PMID: 38674935 PMCID: PMC11053749 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Short-term protein-calorie dietary restriction (StDR) is a promising preoperative strategy for modulating postoperative inflammation. We have previously shown marked gut microbial activity during StDR, but relationships between StDR, the gut microbiome, and systemic immunity remain poorly understood. Mucosal-associated invariant T-cells (MAITs) are enriched on mucosal surfaces and in circulation, bridge innate and adaptive immunity, are sensitive to gut microbial changes, and may mediate systemic responses to StDR. Herein, we characterized the MAIT transcriptomic response to StDR using single-cell RNA sequencing of human PBMCs and evaluated gut microbial species-level changes through sequencing of stool samples. Healthy volunteers underwent 4 days of DR during which blood and stool samples were collected before, during, and after DR. MAITs composed 2.4% of PBMCs. More MAIT genes were differentially downregulated during DR, particularly genes associated with MAIT activation (CD69), regulation of pro-inflammatory signaling (IL1, IL6, IL10, TNFα), and T-cell co-stimulation (CD40/CD40L, CD28), whereas genes associated with anti-inflammatory IL10 signaling were upregulated. Stool analysis showed a decreased abundance of multiple MAIT-stimulating Bacteroides species during DR. The analyses suggest that StDR potentiates an anti-inflammatory MAIT immunophenotype through modulation of TCR-dependent signaling, potentially secondary to gut microbial species-level changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Fazzone
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (B.F.); (E.M.A.); (K.A.O.); (S.R.); (S.T.S.)
| | - Erik M. Anderson
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (B.F.); (E.M.A.); (K.A.O.); (S.R.); (S.T.S.)
| | - Jared M. Rozowsky
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (B.F.); (E.M.A.); (K.A.O.); (S.R.); (S.T.S.)
| | - Xuanxuan Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA;
| | - Kerri A. O’Malley
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (B.F.); (E.M.A.); (K.A.O.); (S.R.); (S.T.S.)
- Malcom Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Scott Robinson
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (B.F.); (E.M.A.); (K.A.O.); (S.R.); (S.T.S.)
- Malcom Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Salvatore T. Scali
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (B.F.); (E.M.A.); (K.A.O.); (S.R.); (S.T.S.)
- Malcom Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Guoshuai Cai
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA;
| | - Scott A. Berceli
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (B.F.); (E.M.A.); (K.A.O.); (S.R.); (S.T.S.)
- Malcom Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
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Weinzierl A, Coerper M, Harder Y, Menger MD, Laschke MW. Caloric Restriction: A Novel Conditioning Strategy to Improve the Survival of Ischemically Challenged Musculocutaneous Random Pattern Flaps. Nutrients 2023; 15:4076. [PMID: 37764859 PMCID: PMC10536342 DOI: 10.3390/nu15184076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) is a cost-effective and easy-to-perform approach to counteracting surgical stress. The present study therefore evaluates the tissue-protective effects of a 30% CR in musculocutaneous flaps undergoing ischemia. For this purpose, a well-established murine dorsal skinfold chamber model, in combination with random pattern musculocutaneous flaps, was used. C57BL/6N mice were divided at random into a CR group (n = 8) and a control group with unrestricted access to standard chow (n = 8). The CR animals were subjected to a 30% reduction in caloric intake for 10 days before flap elevation. Intravital fluorescence microscopy was carried out on days 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 after flap elevation to assess the nutritive blood perfusion, angiogenesis and flap necrosis. Subsequently, the flap tissue was harvested for additional histological and immunohistochemical analyses. The CR-treated animals exhibited a significantly higher functional capillary density and more newly formed microvessels within the flap tissue when compared to the controls; this was associated with a significantly higher flap survival rate. Immunohistochemical analyses showed a decreased invasion of myeloperoxidase-positive neutrophilic granulocytes into the flap tissue of the CR-treated mice. Moreover, the detection of cleaved caspase-3 revealed fewer cells undergoing apoptosis in the transition zone between the vital and necrotic tissue in the flaps of the CR-treated mice. These results demonstrate that a CR of 30% effectively prevents flap necrosis by maintaining microperfusion on a capillary level and inhibiting inflammation under ischemic stress. Hence, CR represents a promising novel conditioning strategy for improving the survival of musculocutaneous flaps with random pattern perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Weinzierl
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maximilian Coerper
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Yves Harder
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Ospedale Regionale di Lugano, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Michael D. Menger
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Matthias W. Laschke
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
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Raji-Amirhasani A, Khaksari M, Soltani Z, Saberi S, Iranpour M, Darvishzadeh Mahani F, Hajializadeh Z, Sabet N. Beneficial effects of time and energy restriction diets on the development of experimental acute kidney injury in Rat: Bax/Bcl-2 and histopathological evaluation. BMC Nephrol 2023; 24:59. [PMID: 36941590 PMCID: PMC10026443 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-023-03104-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
People's lifestyles and, especially, their eating habits affect their health and the functioning of the organs in their bodies, including the kidneys. One's diet influences the cells' responses to stressful conditions such as acute kidney injury (AKI). This study aims to determine the preconditioning effects of four different diets: energy restriction (ER) diet, time restriction (TR) eating, intermittent fasting (IF), and high-fat diet (HF) on histopathological indices of the kidney as well as the molecules involved in apoptosis during AKI. Adult male rats underwent ER, TR, IF, and HF diets for eight weeks. Then, AKI was induced, and renal function indices, histopathological indices, and molecules involved in apoptosis were measured. In animals with AKI, urinary albumin excretion, serum urea, creatinine and, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio increased in the kidney, while renal eGFR decreased. ER and TR diets improved renal parameters and prevented an increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. The IF diet improved renal parameters but had no effect on the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. On the other hand, the HF diet worsened renal function and increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Histopathological examination also showed improved kidney conditions in the ER and TR groups and more damage in the HF group. This study demonstrated that ER and TR diets have renoprotective effects on AKI and possibly cause the resistance of kidney cells to damage by reducing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and improving apoptotic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Raji-Amirhasani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khaksari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Zahra Soltani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shadan Saberi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Iranpour
- Pathology and Stem Cells Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Pathology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Darvishzadeh Mahani
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zahra Hajializadeh
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Nazanin Sabet
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Dietary energy restriction in neurological diseases: what's new? Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:573-588. [PMID: 36369305 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03036-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Energy-restricted diet is a specific dietary regimen, including the continuous energy-restricted diet and the intermittent energy-restricted diet. It has been proven effective not only to reduce weight and extend the lifespan in animal models, but also to regulate the development and progression of various neurological diseases such as epilepsy, cerebrovascular diseases (stroke), neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease) and autoimmune diseases (multiple sclerosis). However, the mechanism in this field is still not clear and a systematic neurological summary is still missing. In this review, we first give a brief summary of the definition and mainstream strategies of energy restrictions. We then review evidence about the effects of energy-restricted diet from both animal models and human trials, and update the current understanding of mechanisms underlying the biological role of energy-restricted diet in the fight against neurological diseases. Our review thus contributes to the modification of dietary regimen and the search for special diet mimics.
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de Carvalho TS, Sanchez-Mendoza EH, Schultz Moreira AR, Nascentes Melo LM, Wang C, Sardari M, Hagemann N, Doeppner TR, Kleinschnitz C, Hermann DM. Hypocaloric Diet Initiated Post-Ischemia Provides Long-Term Neuroprotection and Promotes Peri-Infarct Brain Remodeling by Regulating Metabolic and Survival-Promoting Proteins. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:1491-1503. [PMID: 33200399 PMCID: PMC7932971 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02207-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Calorie restriction confers post-ischemic neuroprotection, when administered in a defined time window before ischemic stroke. How a hypocaloric diet influences stroke recovery when initiated after stroke has not been investigated. Male C57BL6/j mice were exposed to transient intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion. Immediately post-ischemia, mice were randomized to two groups receiving moderately hypocaloric (2286 kcal/kg food) or normocaloric (3518 kcal/kg) diets ad libitum. Animals were sacrificed at 3 or 56 days post-ischemia (dpi). Besides increased low density lipoprotein at 3 days and reduced alanine aminotransferase and increased urea at 56 days, no alterations of plasma markers were found in ischemic mice on hypocaloric diet. Body weight mildly decreased over 56 dpi by 7.4%. Hypocaloric diet reduced infarct volume in the acute stroke phase at 3 dpi and decreased brain atrophy, increased neuronal survival and brain capillary density in peri-infarct striatum and reduced motor coordination impairment in tight rope tests in the post-acute stroke phase over up to 56 dpi. The abundance of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, the NAD-dependent deacetylase and longevity protein sirtuin-1, the anti-oxidant glutathione peroxidase-3, and the ammonium detoxifier glutamine synthetase in the peri-infarct brain tissue was increased by hypocaloric diet. This study shows that a moderately hypocaloric diet that is initiated after stroke confers long-term neuroprotection and promotes peri-infarct brain remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luiza M Nascentes Melo
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, D-45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, D-45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Maryam Sardari
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, D-45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Nina Hagemann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, D-45122, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Kleinschnitz
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, D-45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Dirk M Hermann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, D-45122, Essen, Germany.
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van den Boogaard WMC, van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM, Hoeijmakers JHJ, Vermeij WP. Nutritional Preconditioning in Cancer Treatment in Relation to DNA Damage and Aging. ANNUAL REVIEW OF CANCER BIOLOGY 2021; 5:161-179. [PMID: 35474917 PMCID: PMC9037985 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cancerbio-060820-090737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) is the most successful nutritional intervention for extending lifespan and preserving health in numerous species. Reducing food intake triggers a protective response that shifts energy resources from growth to maintenance and resilience mechanisms. This so-called survival response has been shown to particularly increase life- and health span and decrease DNA damage in DNA repair-deficient mice exhibiting accelerated aging. Accumulation of DNA damage is the main cause of aging, but also of cancer. Moreover, radiotherapies and most chemotherapies are based on damaging DNA, consistent with their ability to induce toxicity and accelerate aging. Since fasting and DR decrease DNA damage and its effects, nutritional preconditioning holds promise for improving (cancer) therapy and preventing short- and long-term side effects of anticancer treatments. This review provides an overview of the link between aging and cancer, highlights important preclinical studies applying such nutritional preconditioning, and summarizes the first clinical trials implementing nutritional preconditioning in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winnie M C van den Boogaard
- Genome Instability and Nutrition Research Group, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, 3521 AL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marry M van den Heuvel-Eibrink
- Pediatric Oncology Translational Research Group, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H J Hoeijmakers
- Genome Instability and Nutrition Research Group, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, 3521 AL Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- CECAD Forschungszentrum, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Wilbert P Vermeij
- Genome Instability and Nutrition Research Group, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, 3521 AL Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Azadian M, Tian G, Bazrafkan A, Maki N, Rafi M, Chetty N, Desai M, Otarola I, Aguirre F, Zaher SM, Khan A, Suri Y, Wang M, Lopour BA, Steward O, Akbari Y. Overnight Caloric Restriction Prior to Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation Leads to Improved Survival and Neurological Outcome in a Rodent Model. Front Neurosci 2021; 14:609670. [PMID: 33510613 PMCID: PMC7835645 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.609670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While interest toward caloric restriction (CR) in various models of brain injury has increased in recent decades, studies have predominantly focused on the benefits of chronic or intermittent CR. The effects of ultra-short, including overnight, CR on acute ischemic brain injury are not well studied. Here, we show that overnight caloric restriction (75% over 14 h) prior to asphyxial cardiac arrest and resuscitation (CA) improves survival and neurological recovery as measured by, behavioral testing on neurological deficit scores, faster recovery of quantitative electroencephalography (EEG) burst suppression ratio, and complete prevention of neurodegeneration in multiple regions of the brain. We also show that overnight CR normalizes stress-induced hyperglycemia, while significantly decreasing insulin and glucagon production and increasing corticosterone and ketone body production. The benefits seen with ultra-short CR appear independent of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT-1) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression, which have been strongly linked to neuroprotective benefits seen in chronic CR. Mechanisms underlying neuroprotective effects remain to be defined, and may reveal targets for providing protection pre-CA or therapeutic interventions post-CA. These findings are also of high importance to basic sciences research as we demonstrate that minor, often-overlooked alterations to pre-experimental dietary procedures can significantly affect results, and by extension, research homogeneity and reproducibility, especially in acute ischemic brain injury models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matine Azadian
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Guilian Tian
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Afsheen Bazrafkan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Niki Maki
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Masih Rafi
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Nikole Chetty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Monica Desai
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Ieeshiah Otarola
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Francisco Aguirre
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Shuhab M. Zaher
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Ashar Khan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Yusuf Suri
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Minwei Wang
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Beth A. Lopour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Oswald Steward
- Reeve-Irvine Research Center, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Yama Akbari
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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Increased Calbindin D28k Expression via Long-Term Alternate-Day Fasting Does Not Protect against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: A Focus on Delayed Neuronal Death, Gliosis and Immunoglobulin G Leakage. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020644. [PMID: 33440708 PMCID: PMC7827208 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Calbindin-D28k (CB), a calcium-binding protein, mediates diverse neuronal functions. In this study, adult gerbils were fed a normal diet (ND) or exposed to intermittent fasting (IF) for three months, and were randomly assigned to sham or ischemia operated groups. Ischemic injury was induced by transient forebrain ischemia for 5 min. Short-term memory was examined via passive avoidance test. CB expression was investigated in the Cornu Ammonis 1 (CA1) region of the hippocampus via western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. Finally, histological analysis was used to assess neuroprotection and gliosis (microgliosis and astrogliosis) in the CA1 region. Short-term memory did not vary significantly between ischemic gerbils with IF and those exposed to ND. CB expression was increased significantly in the CA1 pyramidal neurons of ischemic gerbils with IF compared with that of gerbils fed ND. However, the CB expression was significantly decreased in ischemic gerbils with IF, similarly to that of ischemic gerbils exposed to ND. The CA1 pyramidal neurons were not protected from ischemic injury in both groups, and gliosis (astrogliosis and microgliosis) was gradually increased with time after ischemia. In addition, immunoglobulin G was leaked into the CA1 parenchyma from blood vessels and gradually increased with time after ischemic insult in both groups. Taken together, our study suggests that IF for three months increases CB expression in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons; however, the CA1 pyramidal neurons are not protected from transient forebrain ischemia. This failure in neuroprotection may be attributed to disruption of the blood–brain barrier, which triggers gliosis after ischemic insults.
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Fasting and fasting-mimicking diets for chemotherapy augmentation. GeroScience 2021; 43:1201-1216. [PMID: 33410090 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00317-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasingly older population in most developed countries will likely experience aging-related chronic diseases such as diabetes, metabolic syndrome, heart and lung diseases, osteoporosis, arthritis, dementia, and/or cancer. Genetic and environmental factors, but also lifestyle choices including physical activity and dietary habits, play essential roles in disease onset and progression. Sixty-five percent of Americans diagnosed with cancer now survive more than 5 years, making the need for informed lifestyle choices particularly important to successfully complete their treatment, increase the recovery from the cytotoxic therapy options, and improve cancer-free survival. This review will discuss the findings on the use of prolonged fasting, as well as fasting-mimicking diets to augment cancer treatment. Preclinical studies in rodents strongly support the implementation of these dietary interventions and a small number of clinical trials begin to provide encouraging results for cancer patients and cancer survivors.
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Deligiorgi MV, Liapi C, Trafalis DT. How Far Are We from Prescribing Fasting as Anticancer Medicine? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239175. [PMID: 33271979 PMCID: PMC7730661 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: the present review provides a comprehensive and up-to date overview of the potential exploitation of fasting as an anticancer strategy. The rationale for this concept is that fasting elicits a differential stress response in the setting of unfavorable conditions, empowering the survival of normal cells, while killing cancer cells. (2) Methods: the present narrative review presents the basic aspects of the hormonal, molecular, and cellular response to fasting, focusing on the interrelationship of fasting with oxidative stress. It also presents nonclinical and clinical evidence concerning the implementation of fasting as adjuvant to chemotherapy, highlighting current challenges and future perspectives. (3) Results: there is ample nonclinical evidence indicating that fasting can mitigate the toxicity of chemotherapy and/or increase the efficacy of chemotherapy. The relevant clinical research is encouraging, albeit still in its infancy. The path forward for implementing fasting in oncology is a personalized approach, entailing counteraction of current challenges, including: (i) patient selection; (ii) fasting patterns; (iii) timeline of fasting and refeeding; (iv) validation of biomarkers for assessment of fasting; and (v) establishment of protocols for patients’ monitoring. (4) Conclusion: prescribing fasting as anticancer medicine may not be far away if large randomized clinical trials consolidate its safety and efficacy.
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Kip P, Tao M, Trocha KM, MacArthur MR, Peters HAB, Mitchell SJ, Mann CG, Sluiter TJ, Jung J, Patterson S, Quax PHA, de Vries MR, Mitchell JR, Keith Ozaki C. Periprocedural Hydrogen Sulfide Therapy Improves Vascular Remodeling and Attenuates Vein Graft Disease. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e016391. [PMID: 33146045 PMCID: PMC7763704 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.016391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Failure rates after revascularization surgery remain high, both in vein grafts (VG) and arterial interventions. One promising approach to improve outcomes is endogenous upregulation of the gaseous transmitter-molecule hydrogen sulfide, via short-term dietary restriction. However, strict patient compliance stands as a potential translational barrier in the vascular surgery patient population. Here we present a new therapeutic approach, via a locally applicable gel containing the hydrogen sulfide releasing prodrug (GYY), to both mitigate graft failure and improve arterial remodeling. Methods and Results All experiments were performed on C57BL/6 (male, 12 weeks old) mice. VG surgery was performed by grafting a donor-mouse cava vein into the right common carotid artery of a recipient via an end-to-end anastomosis. In separate experiments arterial intimal hyperplasia was assayed via a right common carotid artery focal stenosis model. All mice were harvested at postoperative day 28 and artery/graft was processed for histology. Efficacy of hydrogen sulfide was first tested via GYY supplementation of drinking water either 1 week before VG surgery (pre-GYY) or starting immediately postoperatively (post-GYY). Pre-GYY mice had a 36.5% decrease in intimal/media+adventitia area ratio compared with controls. GYY in a 40% Pluronic gel (or vehicle) locally applied to the graft/artery had decreased intimal/media area ratios (right common carotid artery) and improved vessel diameters. GYY-geltreated VG had larger diameters at both postoperative days 14 and 28, and a 56.7% reduction in intimal/media+adventitia area ratios. Intimal vascular smooth muscle cell migration was decreased 30.6% after GYY gel treatment, which was reproduced in vitro. Conclusions Local gel-based treatment with the hydrogen sulfide-donor GYY stands as a translatable therapy to improve VG durability and arterial remodeling after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kip
- Department of Surgery and the Heart and Vascular CenterBrigham & Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
- Department of Molecular MetabolismHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine and Department of SurgeryLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Ming Tao
- Department of Surgery and the Heart and Vascular CenterBrigham & Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
| | - Kaspar M. Trocha
- Department of Surgery and the Heart and Vascular CenterBrigham & Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
- Department of Molecular MetabolismHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA
| | - Michael R. MacArthur
- Department of Molecular MetabolismHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA
| | - Hendrika A. B. Peters
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine and Department of SurgeryLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Sarah J. Mitchell
- Department of Molecular MetabolismHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA
| | - Charlotte G. Mann
- Department of Molecular MetabolismHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA
| | - Thijs J. Sluiter
- Department of Surgery and the Heart and Vascular CenterBrigham & Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
- Department of Molecular MetabolismHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine and Department of SurgeryLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Jung
- Department of Molecular MetabolismHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA
- School of MedicineUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Suzannah Patterson
- Department of Surgery and the Heart and Vascular CenterBrigham & Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
| | - Paul H. A. Quax
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine and Department of SurgeryLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Margreet R. de Vries
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine and Department of SurgeryLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - James R. Mitchell
- Department of Molecular MetabolismHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA
| | - C. Keith Ozaki
- Department of Surgery and the Heart and Vascular CenterBrigham & Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
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12
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Trocha KM, Kip P, Tao M, MacArthur MR, Treviño-Villarreal JH, Longchamp A, Toussaint W, Lambrecht BN, de Vries MR, Quax PHA, Mitchell JR, Ozaki CK. Short-term preoperative protein restriction attenuates vein graft disease via induction of cystathionine γ-lyase. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 116:416-428. [PMID: 30924866 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Therapies to prevent vein graft disease, a major problem in cardiovascular and lower extremity bypass surgeries, are currently lacking. Short-term preoperative protein restriction holds promise as an effective preconditioning method against surgical stress in rodent models, but whether it can improve vein graft patency after bypass surgery is undetermined. Here, we hypothesized that short-term protein restriction would limit vein graft disease via up-regulation of cystathionine γ-lyase and increased endogenous production of the cytoprotective gaseous signalling molecule hydrogen sulfide. METHODS AND RESULTS Low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice were preconditioned for 1 week on a high-fat high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet with or without protein prior to left common carotid interposition vein graft surgery with caval veins from donor mice on corresponding diets. Both groups were returned to a complete HFHC diet post-operatively, and vein grafts analysed 4 or 28 days later. A novel global transgenic cystathionine γ-lyase overexpressing mouse model was also employed to study effects of genetic overexpression on graft patency. Protein restriction decreased vein graft intimal/media+adventitia area and thickness ratios and intimal smooth muscle cell infiltration 28 days post-operatively, and neutrophil transmigration 4 days post-operatively. Protein restriction increased cystathionine γ-lyase protein expression in aortic and caval vein endothelial cells (ECs) and frequency of lung EC producing hydrogen sulfide. The cystathionine γ-lyase inhibitor propargylglycine abrogated protein restriction-mediated protection from graft failure and the increase in hydrogen sulfide-producing ECs, while cystathionine γ-lyase transgenic mice displayed increased hydrogen sulfide production capacity and were protected from vein graft disease independent of diet. CONCLUSION One week of protein restriction attenuates vein graft disease via increased cystathionine γ-lyase expression and hydrogen sulfide production, and decreased early inflammation. Dietary or pharmacological interventions to increase cystathionine γ-lyase or hydrogen sulfide may thus serve as new and practical strategies to improve vein graft durability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaspar M Trocha
- Department of Surgery and the Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Peter Kip
- Department of Surgery and the Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine and Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ming Tao
- Department of Surgery and the Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael R MacArthur
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Alban Longchamp
- Department of Surgery and the Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wendy Toussaint
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, and Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart N Lambrecht
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, and Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Margreet R de Vries
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine and Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Paul H A Quax
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine and Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - James R Mitchell
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - C Keith Ozaki
- Department of Surgery and the Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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13
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Adornetto A, Morrone LA, Satriano A, Laganà ML, Licastro E, Nucci C, Corasaniti MT, Tonin P, Bagetta G, Russo R. Effects of caloric restriction on retinal aging and neurodegeneration. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2020; 256:189-207. [PMID: 32958212 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is the most common neurodegenerative cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Restricted caloric regimens are an attractive approach for delaying the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Here we review the current literature on the effects of caloric restriction on retinal neurons, under physiological and pathological conditions. We focused on autophagy as one of the mechanisms modulated by restricted caloric regimens and involved in the death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) over the course of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annagrazia Adornetto
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Luigi Antonio Morrone
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Andrea Satriano
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Laganà
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Ester Licastro
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Carlo Nucci
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Tiziana Corasaniti
- School of Hospital Pharmacy, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro and Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Paolo Tonin
- Regional Center for Serious Brain Injuries, S. Anna Institute, Crotone, Italy
| | - Giacinto Bagetta
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Rossella Russo
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
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14
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Pan Y, Fu M, Chen X, Guo J, Chen B, Tao X. Dietary methionine restriction attenuates renal ischaemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial injury by activating the CSE/H2S/ERS pathway in diabetic mice. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:9890-9897. [PMID: 32790060 PMCID: PMC7520309 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Methionine restrictive diet may alleviate ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R)‐induced myocardial injury, but its underlying mechanism remains unclear. HE staining was performed to evaluate the myocardial injury caused by I/R and the effect of methionine‐restricted diet (MRD) in I/R mice. IHC and Western blot were carried out to analyse the expression of CSE, CHOP and active caspase3 in I/R mice and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) cells. TUNEL assay and flow cytometry were used to assess the apoptotic status of I/R mice and H/R cells. MTT was performed to analyse the proliferation of H/R cells. H2S assay was used to evaluate the concentration of H2S in the myocardial tissues and peripheral blood of I/R mice. I/R‐induced mediated myocardial injury and apoptosis were partially reversed by methionine‐restricted diet (MRD) via the down‐regulation of CSE expression and up‐regulation of CHOP and active caspase3 expression. The decreased H2S concentration in myocardial tissues and peripheral blood of I/R mice was increased by MRD. Accordingly, in a cellular model of I/R injury established with H9C2 cells, cell proliferation was inhibited, cell apoptosis was increased, and the expressions of CSE, CHOP and active caspase3 were dysregulated, whereas NaHS treatment alleviated the effect of I/R injury in H9C2 cells in a dose‐dependent manner. This study provided a deep insight into the mechanism underlying the role of MRD in I/R‐induced myocardial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Pan
- Department of Gerontology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Minghuan Fu
- Department of Gerontology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohan Chen
- Department of Gerontology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Biao Chen
- Department of Gerontology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuefei Tao
- Department of Gerontology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
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15
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Grundmann F, Müller RU, Hoyer-Allo KJR, Späth MR, Passmann E, Becker I, Pfister R, Baldus S, Benzing T, Burst V. Dietary restriction for prevention of contrast-induced acute kidney injury in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary angiography: a randomized controlled trial. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5202. [PMID: 32251303 PMCID: PMC7089976 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61895-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Short-term dietary restriction (DR) may prevent organ damage from ischemic or toxic insults in animals, but clear evidence in humans is missing. While especially intraarterial administration of contrast media represents a cause of hospital-acquired acute kidney injury (AKI), targeted preventive strategies are not available. This trial investigated the feasibility and effectiveness of pre-interventional DR for preventing AKI in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Patients were randomized to receive a formula diet containing 60% of daily energy requirement (DR group) or ad-libitum food during the 4-day-interval before PCI. Primary endpoint was change of serum creatinine 48 h after PCI (Δcreatinine). Further analyses included incidence of AKI and safety evaluation. Δcreatinine post PCI in the DR group vs. the control group did not show any difference (DR: 0.03(-0.15,0.14)mg/dL vs. control: 0.09(-0.03,0.22)mg/dL;p = 0.797). Subgroup analyses revealed a significant beneficial impact of DR in patients that received ≤100 ml of contrast agent (DR n = 26: Δcreatinine -0.03(-0.20,0.08)mg/dL vs. control n = 24: Δcreatinine 0.10(-0.08,0.24)mg/dL; p = 0.041) and in patients with ≤2 risk factors for AKI (DR: n = 27; Δcreatinine -0.01(-0.18,0.07)mg/dL vs. control n = 31: Δcreatinine 0.09(-0.03,0.16)mg/dl; p = 0.030). Although the primary endpoint was not met, the results of this trial suggest a beneficial impact of DR in low-to-moderate risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Grundmann
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Roman-Ulrich Müller
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- CECAD, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Karla Johanna Ruth Hoyer-Allo
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- CECAD, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Richard Späth
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- CECAD, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eva Passmann
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ingrid Becker
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roman Pfister
- Department III of Internal Medicine, Heart Center, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stephan Baldus
- Department III of Internal Medicine, Heart Center, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Benzing
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- CECAD, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Volker Burst
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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16
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Vemuganti R, Arumugam TV. Molecular Mechanisms of Intermittent Fasting-induced Ischemic Tolerance. CONDITIONING MEDICINE 2020; 3:9-17. [PMID: 34278242 PMCID: PMC8281895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Diet is a significant factor in determining human well-being. Excessive eating and/or diets with higher than needed amounts of carbohydrates, salt, and fat are known to cause metabolic disorders and functional changes in the body. To compensate the ill effects, many designer diets including the Mediterranean diet, the Okinawa diet, vegetarian/vegan diets, keto diet, anti-inflammatory diet, and the anti-oxidant diet have been introduced in the past 2 decades. While these diets are either enriched or devoid of one or more specific components, a better way to control diet is to limit the amount of food consumed. Caloric restriction (CR), which involves limiting the amount of food consumed rather than eliminating any specific type of food, as well as intermittent fasting (IF), which entails limiting the time during which food can be consumed on a given day, have gained popularity because of their positive effects on human health. While the molecular mechanisms of these 2 dietary regimens have not been fully deciphered, they are known to prolong the life span, control blood pressure, and blood glucose levels. Furthermore, CR and IF were both shown to decrease the incidence of heart attack and stroke, as well as their ill effects. In particular, IF is thought to promote metabolic switching by altering gene expression profiles leading to reduced inflammation and oxidative stress, while increasing plasticity and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu Vemuganti
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton VA Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
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17
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Moderate Protein Restriction Protects Against Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Mice by Mechanisms Involving Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidant Responses. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:8477-8488. [PMID: 31257559 PMCID: PMC6835038 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01679-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Food composition influences stroke risk, but its effects on ischemic injury and neurological deficits are poorly examined. While severe reduction of protein content was found to aggravate neurological impairment and brain injury as a consequence of combined energy-protein malnutrition, moderate protein restriction not resulting in energy deprivation was recently suggested to protect against perinatal hypoxia-ischemia. Male C57BL6/j mice were exposed to moderate protein restriction by providing a normocaloric diet containing 8% protein (control: 20% protein) for 7, 14, or 30 days. Intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion was then induced. Mice were sacrificed 24 h later. Irrespective of the duration of food modification (that is, 7–30 days), protein restriction reduced neurological impairment of ischemic mice revealed by a global and focal deficit score. Prolonged protein restriction over 30 days also reduced infarct volume, brain edema, and blood-brain barrier permeability and increased the survival of NeuN+ neurons in the core of the stroke (i.e., striatum). Neuroprotection by prolonged protein restriction went along with reduced brain infiltration of CD45+ leukocytes and reduced expression of inducible NO synthase and interleukin-1β. As potential mechanisms, increased levels of the NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1 and anti-oxidant glutathione peroxidase-3 were noted in ischemic brain tissue. Irrespective of the protein restriction duration, a shift from pro-oxidant oxidative stress markers (NADPH oxidase-4) to anti-oxidant markers (superoxide dismutase-1/2, glutathione peroxidase-3 and catalase) was found in the liver. Moderate protein restriction protects against ischemia in the adult brain. Accordingly, dietary modifications may be efficacious strategies promoting stroke outcome.
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18
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Kip P, Trocha KM, Tao M, O'leary JJ, Ruske J, Giulietti JM, Trevino-Villareal JH, MacArthur MR, Bolze A, Burak MF, Patterson S, Ho KJ, Carmody RN, Guzman RJ, Mitchell JR, Ozaki CK. Insights From a Short-Term Protein-Calorie Restriction Exploratory Trial in Elective Carotid Endarterectomy Patients. Vasc Endovascular Surg 2019; 53:470-476. [PMID: 31216949 DOI: 10.1177/1538574419856453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Open vascular surgery interventions are not infrequently hampered by complication rates and durability. Preclinical surgical models show promising beneficial effects in modulating the host response to surgical injury via short-term dietary preconditioning. Here, we explore short-term protein-calorie restriction preconditioning in patients undergoing elective carotid endarterectomy to understand patient participation dynamics and practicalities of robust research approaches around nutritional/surgical interventions. METHODS We designed a pilot prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled study in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy. After a 3:2 randomization to a 3-day preoperative protein-calorie restriction regimen (30% calorie/70% protein restriction) or ad libitum group, blood, clinical parameters, and stool samples were collected at baseline, pre-op, and post-op days 1 and 30. Subcutaneous and perivascular adipose tissues were harvested periprocedurally. Samples were analyzed for standard chemistries and cell counts, adipokines. Bacterial DNA isolation and 16S rRNA sequencing were performed on stool samples and the relative abundance of bacterial species was measured. RESULTS Fifty-one patients were screened, 9 patients consented to the study, 5 were randomized, and 4 completed the trial. The main reason for non-consent was a 3-day in-hospital stay. All 4 participants were randomized to the protein-calorie restriction group, underwent successful endarterectomy, reported no compliance difficulties, nor were there adverse events. Stool analysis trended toward increased abundance of the sulfide-producing bacterial species Bilophila wadsworthia after dietary intervention (P = .08). CONCLUSIONS Although carotid endarterectomy patients held low enthusiasm for a 3-day preoperative inpatient stay, there were no adverse effects in this small cohort. Multidisciplinary longitudinal research processes were successfully executed throughout the nutritional/surgical intervention. Future translational endeavors into dietary preconditioning of vascular surgery patients should focus on outpatient approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kip
- 1 Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,2 Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,3 Department of Vascular Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kaspar M Trocha
- 1 Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,2 Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ming Tao
- 1 Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James J O'leary
- 1 Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jack Ruske
- 1 Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer M Giulietti
- 1 Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jose H Trevino-Villareal
- 2 Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael R MacArthur
- 2 Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew Bolze
- 1 Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Furkan Burak
- 1 Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,2 Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Suzannah Patterson
- 1 Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karen J Ho
- 4 Department of Vascular Surgery, Northwestern Medicine Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rachel N Carmody
- 5 Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Raul J Guzman
- 6 Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James R Mitchell
- 2 Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Keith Ozaki
- 1 Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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19
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de Carvalho TS, Sanchez-Mendoza EH, Nascentes Melo LM, Schultz Moreira AR, Sardari M, Dzyubenko E, Kleinschnitz C, Hermann DM. Neuroprotection Induced by Energy and Protein-Energy Undernutrition Is Phase-Dependent After Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Mice. Transl Stroke Res 2019; 11:135-146. [PMID: 30887279 PMCID: PMC6957545 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-019-00700-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Malnutrition predisposes to poor stroke outcome. In animal models, undernutrition protected against ischemic injury in some, but not in other studies. In view of diverse stroke models and food restriction paradigms, the consequences of undernutrition are poorly understood. Herein, we exposed mice to energy-reduced and protein-energy-reduced diets for 7–30 days and subsequently induced intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion. Undernutrition phase dependently influenced ischemic injury. Short-lasting 7 days of protein-energy undernutrition, but not energy undernutrition, decreased post-ischemic brain leukocyte infiltration and microglial activation and reduced brain Il-1β mRNA, but did not protect against ischemic injury. Fourteen days of energy and protein-energy undernutrition, on the other hand, reduced ischemic injury despite absence of anti-inflammatory effects. Anti-oxidant genes (Sod-1, Sod-2, and Cat mRNAs) were regulated in the liver and, to a lesser extent, the ischemic brain, indicating an adapted, compensated stage. Conversely, 30 days of energy and protein-energy undernutrition caused progressive animal exhaustion associated with post-ischemic hypoperfusion, rise of metabolic markers (Sirt-1 and Glut-1 mRNAs, Sirt-1 protein) in the ischemic brain, and reregulation of pro- and anti-oxidant markers (now also Nox-4 and Gpx-3 mRNAs) in the liver. In the latter condition, no neuroprotection was noted. Our study suggests an adaptation of metabolic systems that provides neuroprotection in a circumscribed time window.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luiza M Nascentes Melo
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Maryam Sardari
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Egor Dzyubenko
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Kleinschnitz
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Dirk M Hermann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Germany.
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20
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Trocha K, Kip P, MacArthur MR, Mitchell SJ, Longchamp A, Treviño-Villarreal JH, Tao M, Bredella MA, De Amorim Bernstein K, Mitchell JR, Ozaki CK. Preoperative Protein or Methionine Restriction Preserves Wound Healing and Reduces Hyperglycemia. J Surg Res 2018; 235:216-222. [PMID: 30691797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2018.09.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary restriction (DR), defined as reduced nutrient intake without malnutrition, is associated with longevity extension, improved glucose metabolism, and increased stress resistance, but also poor wound healing. Short-term preoperative DR followed by a return to normal feeding after surgery results in improved surgical outcomes in preclinical models. However, the effect of preoperative DR on wound healing and perioperative glucose homeostasis is currently unknown. Here, we tested the effects of two different preoperative DR regimens-protein restriction (PR) and methionine restriction (MR)-on wound healing and perioperative glucose homeostasis using an established murine model of wound healing in both nondiabetic and diabetic mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Surgical outcomes were tested using the McFarlane flap in nondiabetic and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Short-term dietary preconditioning included 1 wk of PR or MR diet (1-2 wk) versus an isocaloric complete diet before surgery; all mice were returned to a complete diet postoperatively. Outcome measures of flap wound recovery included skin viability and laser Doppler imaging of flap perfusion and assessment of CD45+ cell infiltration. Glucose homeostasis was assessed by glucose tolerance testing and by perioperative glucose levels in the diabetic cohort. RESULTS No significant differences were observed in percentage of viable skin, perfusion, or immune cell infiltration at 7-10 d after surgery in PR or MR mice compared with controls in healthy or diabetic mice. Preoperative glucose tolerance and postoperative glucose levels were however significantly improved by both PR and MR in diabetic mice. CONCLUSIONS Short-term dietary preconditioning with PR or MR did not impair wound healing in nondiabetic or diabetic mice. However, both regimens reduced preoperative hyperglycemia in diabetic mice. Thus, brief preoperative dietary manipulations stand as strategies to potentially improve perioperative hyperglycemia with no deleterious effects on wound healing in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaspar Trocha
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peter Kip
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael R MacArthur
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sarah J Mitchell
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alban Longchamp
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | | | - Ming Tao
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Miriam A Bredella
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - James R Mitchell
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Charles Keith Ozaki
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
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21
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Protective effects of short-term dietary restriction in surgical stress and chemotherapy. Ageing Res Rev 2017; 39:68-77. [PMID: 28216454 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Reduced caloric intake including fasting, as well as the dietary composition or the timing of food intake, impact longevity, likely through a modification in the onset or the severity of chronic aging-related diseases such as cancer. As with pre- and post-operative dietary recommendations, evidence-based nutritional advice from healthcare professionals during and after cancer treatment is often vague or conflicting. We hypothesize that preventive dietary recommendations can help in the context of both chronic cancer treatment efficacy and the avoidance of development of secondary malignancies, as well as in the context of protection from the acute stress of surgery. In this perspective review, we will discuss the latest findings on the potential role of short-term dietary restriction in cancer treatment and improvement of surgical outcome.
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Longchamp A, Harputlugil E, Corpataux JM, Ozaki CK, Mitchell JR. Is Overnight Fasting before Surgery Too Much or Not Enough? How Basic Aging Research Can Guide Preoperative Nutritional Recommendations to Improve Surgical Outcomes: A Mini-Review. Gerontology 2017; 63:228-237. [PMID: 28052287 DOI: 10.1159/000453109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) is best known for extending lifespan in experimental model organisms, but also increases resistance to a variety of clinically relevant stressors, including those associated with surgery. Extended periods of DR, lasting months to years, are required for optimal longevity benefits in rodents, but short-term dietary preconditioning (less than 1 week) remarkably protects from acute injury. Here, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of the mechanistic basis of short-term DR and fasting in the context of surgical stress resistance, including upstream amino acid sensing by the GCN2 and mTORC1 pathways, and downstream effector mechanisms including increased insulin-dependent prosurvival signaling and elevated endogenous hydrogen sulfide production. We also review the current trend in preoperative nutrition away from preoperative fasting and towards carbohydrate loading. Finally, we discuss the rationale for the nonmutually exclusive use of brief DR or pharmacological DR mimetics to precondition against the stress and potential complications of surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alban Longchamp
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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23
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Robertson LT, Treviño-Villarreal JH, Mejia P, Grondin Y, Harputlugil E, Hine C, Vargas D, Zheng H, Ozaki CK, Kristal BS, Simpson SJ, Mitchell JR. Protein and Calorie Restriction Contribute Additively to Protection from Renal Ischemia Reperfusion Injury Partly via Leptin Reduction in Male Mice. J Nutr 2015; 145:1717-27. [PMID: 26041674 PMCID: PMC4516761 DOI: 10.3945/jn.114.199380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Short-term dietary restriction (DR) without malnutrition preconditions against surgical stress in rodents; however, the nutritional basis and underlying nutrient/energy-sensing pathways remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVES We investigated the relative contribution of protein restriction (PR) vs. calorie restriction (CR) to protection from renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) and changes in organ-autonomous nutrient/energy-sensing pathways and hormones underlying beneficial effects. METHODS Mice were preconditioned on experimental diets lacking total calories (0-50% CR) or protein/essential amino acids (EAAs) vs. complete diets consumed ad libitum (AL) for 1 wk before IRI. Renal outcome was assessed by serum markers and histology and integrated over a 2-dimensional protein/energy landscape by geometric framework analysis. Changes in renal nutrient/energy-sensing signal transduction and systemic hormones leptin and adiponectin were also measured. The genetic requirement for amino acid sensing via general control non-derepressible 2 (GCN2) was tested with knockout vs. control mice. The involvement of the hormone leptin was tested by injection of recombinant protein vs. vehicle during the preconditioning period. RESULTS CR-mediated protection was dose dependent up to 50% with maximal 2-fold effect sizes. PR benefits were abrogated by EAA re-addition and additive with CR, with maximal benefits at any given amount of CR occurring with a protein-free diet. GCN2 was not required for functional benefits of PR. Activation and repression of nutrient/energy-sensing kinases, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), respectively, on PR reflected a state of negative energy balance, paralleled by 13% weight loss and an 87% decrease in leptin, independent of calorie intake. Recombinant leptin administration partially abrogated benefits of dietary preconditioning against renal IRI. CONCLUSIONS In male mice, PR and CR both contributed to the benefits of short-term DR against renal IRI independent of GCN2 but partially dependent on reduced circulating leptin and coincident with AMPK activation and mTORC1 repression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pedro Mejia
- Departments of Genetics and Complex Diseases and
| | - Yohann Grondin
- Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bruce S Kristal
- Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and
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24
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Neuroprotection for ischaemic stroke: Current status and challenges. Pharmacol Ther 2015; 146:23-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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25
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Hine C, Harputlugil E, Zhang Y, Ruckenstuhl C, Lee BC, Brace L, Longchamp A, Treviño-Villarreal JH, Mejia P, Ozaki CK, Wang R, Gladyshev VN, Madeo F, Mair WB, Mitchell JR. Endogenous hydrogen sulfide production is essential for dietary restriction benefits. Cell 2015; 160:132-44. [PMID: 25542313 PMCID: PMC4297538 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 398] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) without malnutrition encompasses numerous regimens with overlapping benefits including longevity and stress resistance, but unifying nutritional and molecular mechanisms remain elusive. In a mouse model of DR-mediated stress resistance, we found that sulfur amino acid (SAA) restriction increased expression of the transsulfuration pathway (TSP) enzyme cystathionine γ-lyase (CGL), resulting in increased hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production and protection from hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury. SAA supplementation, mTORC1 activation, or chemical/genetic CGL inhibition reduced H2S production and blocked DR-mediated stress resistance. In vitro, the mitochondrial protein SQR was required for H2S-mediated protection during nutrient/oxygen deprivation. Finally, TSP-dependent H2S production was observed in yeast, worm, fruit fly, and rodent models of DR-mediated longevity. Together, these data are consistent with evolutionary conservation of TSP-mediated H2S as a mediator of DR benefits with broad implications for clinical translation. PAPERFLICK:
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Hine
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eylul Harputlugil
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christoph Ruckenstuhl
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Byung Cheon Lee
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lear Brace
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alban Longchamp
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Surgery and the Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jose H Treviño-Villarreal
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Pedro Mejia
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - C Keith Ozaki
- Department of Surgery and the Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Vadim N Gladyshev
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria; BioTechMed Graz, Humboldtstrasse 50, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - William B Mair
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - James R Mitchell
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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26
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Harputlugil E, Hine C, Vargas D, Robertson L, Manning BD, Mitchell JR. The TSC complex is required for the benefits of dietary protein restriction on stress resistance in vivo. Cell Rep 2014; 8:1160-70. [PMID: 25131199 PMCID: PMC4260622 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein restriction (PR) is important for the benefits of dietary restriction on longevity and stress resistance, but relevant nutrient sensors and downstream effectors in mammals remain poorly defined. We used PR-mediated protection from hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury to probe genetic requirements for the evolutionarily conserved nutrient sensors GCN2 and mTORC1 in stress resistance. One week of PR reduced free amino acids and circulating growth factors, activating GCN2 and mTORC1 repressor tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). However, although GCN2 was dispensable for PR-induced protection, hepatic TSC1 was required. PR improved hepatic insulin sensitivity in a TSC1-dependent manner prior to ischemia, facilitating increased prosurvival signaling and reduced apoptosis after reperfusion. These benefits were partially abrogated by pharmacological PI3K inhibition or genetic deletion of the insulin receptor in hepatocytes. In conclusion, improved insulin sensitivity upon short-term PR required TSC1, facilitated increased prosurvival signaling after injury, and contributed partially to PR-mediated resistance to clinically relevant ischemia reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eylul Harputlugil
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christopher Hine
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dorathy Vargas
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lauren Robertson
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Brendan D Manning
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - James R Mitchell
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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27
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Mariño G, Pietrocola F, Madeo F, Kroemer G. Caloric restriction mimetics: natural/physiological pharmacological autophagy inducers. Autophagy 2014; 10:1879-82. [PMID: 25484097 PMCID: PMC4502795 DOI: 10.4161/auto.36413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrient depletion, which is one of the physiological triggers of autophagy, results in the depletion of intracellular acetyl coenzyme A (AcCoA) coupled to the deacetylation of cellular proteins. We surmise that there are 3 possibilities to mimic these effects, namely (i) the depletion of cytosolic AcCoA by interfering with its biosynthesis, (ii) the inhibition of acetyltransferases, which are enzymes that transfer acetyl groups from AcCoA to other molecules, mostly leucine residues in cellular proteins, or (iii) the stimulation of deacetylases, which catalyze the removal of acetyl groups from leucine residues. There are several examples of rather nontoxic natural compounds that act as AcCoA depleting agents (e.g., hydroxycitrate), acetyltransferase inhibitors (e.g., anacardic acid, curcumin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, garcinol, spermidine) or deacetylase activators (e.g., nicotinamide, resveratrol), and that are highly efficient inducers of autophagy in vitro and in vivo, in rodents. Another common characteristic of these agents is their capacity to reduce aging-associated diseases and to confer protective responses against ischemia-induced organ damage. Hence, we classify them as "caloric restriction mimetics" (CRM). Here, we speculate that CRM may mediate their broad health-improving effects by triggering the same molecular pathways that usually are elicited by long-term caloric restriction or short-term starvation and that imply the induction of autophagy as an obligatory event conferring organismal, organ- or cytoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Mariño
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le cancer; INSERM U1138; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris, France
| | - Federico Pietrocola
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le cancer; INSERM U1138; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- Université de Paris Sud; Villejuif, France
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences; University of Graz; Graz, Austria
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le cancer; INSERM U1138; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Molecular Cell Biology Platforms; Gustave Roussy; Villejuif, France
- Pôle de Biologie; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou; AP-HP; Paris, France
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