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Fu ZW, Li JH, Gao X, Wang SJ, Yuan TT, Lu YT. Pathogen-induced methylglyoxal negatively regulates rice bacterial blight resistance by inhibiting OsCDR1 protease activity. MOLECULAR PLANT 2024; 17:325-341. [PMID: 38178576 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) causes bacterial blight (BB), a globally devastating disease of rice (Oryza sativa) that is responsible for significant crop loss. Sugars and sugar metabolites are important for pathogen infection, providing energy and regulating events associated with defense responses; however, the mechanisms by which they regulate such events in BB are unclear. As an inevitable sugar metabolite, methylglyoxal (MG) is involved in plant growth and responses to various abiotic stresses, but the underlying mechanisms remain enigmatic. Whether and how MG functions in plant biotic stress responses is almost completely unknown. Here, we report that the Xoo strain PXO99 induces OsWRKY62.1 to repress transcription of OsGLY II genes by directly binding to their promoters, resulting in overaccumulation of MG. MG negatively regulates rice resistance against PXO99: osglyII2 mutants with higher MG levels are more susceptible to the pathogen, whereas OsGLYII2-overexpressing plants with lower MG content show greater resistance than the wild type. Overexpression of OsGLYII2 to prevent excessive MG accumulation confers broad-spectrum resistance against the biotrophic bacterial pathogens Xoo and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola and the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani, which causes rice sheath blight. Further evidence shows that MG reduces rice resistance against PXO99 through CONSTITUTIVE DISEASE RESISTANCE 1 (OsCDR1). MG modifies the Arg97 residue of OsCDR1 to inhibit its aspartic protease activity, which is essential for OsCDR1-enhanced immunity. Taken together, these findings illustrate how Xoo promotes infection by hijacking a sugar metabolite in the host plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Wei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Jian-Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shi-Jia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ting-Ting Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ying-Tang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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Wu ZX, Wang J, Lin XH, Yang Q, Wang TZ, Chen JJ, Li XN, Guan Y, Lv GH. Nicosulfuron stress on the glyoxalase system and endogenous hormone content in sweet maize seedlings. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:49290-49300. [PMID: 36773263 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25777-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
To reduce the harmful effects of nicosulfuron on sweet corn, the physiological regulation mechanism of sweet corn detoxification was studied. This study analyzed the effects of nicosulfuron stress on the glyoxalase system, hormone content, and key gene expression of nicosulfuron-tolerant "HK301" and nicosulfuron-sensitive "HK320" sweet corn seedling sister lines. After spraying nicosulfuron, the methylglyoxal (MG) content in HK301 increased first and then decreased. Glyoxalase I (GlyI) and glyoxalase II (GlyII) activities, non-enzymatic glutathione (GSH), and the glutathione redox state glutathione/(glutathione + glutathione disulfide) (GSH/(GSH + GSSG)) showed a similar trend as the MG content. Abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin (GA), and zeatin nucleoside (ZR) also increased first and then decreased, whereas the auxin (IAA) increased continuously. In HK301, all indices after spraying nicosulfuron were significantly greater than those of the control. In HK320, MG accumulation continued to increase after nicosulfuron spraying and GlyI and GlyII activities, and GSH first increased and then decreased after 1 day of stress. The indicators above were significantly greater than the control. The GSH/(GSH + GSSG) ratio showed a decreasing trend and was significantly smaller than the control. Furthermore, ABA and IAA continued to increase, and the GA and ZR first increased and then decreased. Compared with HK320, HK301 significantly upregulated the transcription levels of GlyI and GlyII genes in roots, stems, and leaves. Comprehensive analysis showed that sweet maize seedlings improved their herbicide resistance by changing the glyoxalase system and regulating endogenous hormones. The results provide a theoretical basis for further understanding the response mechanism of the glyoxalase system and the regulation characteristics of endogenous hormones in maize under nicosulfuron stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Xing Wu
- Institute of Maize and Featured Upland Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dongyang, 322100, China
| | - Jian Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology, Hebei Normal University of Science &Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China
| | - Xiao-Hu Lin
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology, Hebei Normal University of Science &Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China
| | - Qing Yang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology, Hebei Normal University of Science &Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China
| | - Ting-Zhen Wang
- Institute of Maize and Featured Upland Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dongyang, 322100, China
| | - Jian-Jian Chen
- Institute of Maize and Featured Upland Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dongyang, 322100, China
| | - Xiang-Nan Li
- Institute of Maize and Featured Upland Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dongyang, 322100, China
| | - Yuan Guan
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Specialty Maize, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Gui-Hua Lv
- Institute of Maize and Featured Upland Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dongyang, 322100, China.
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Borysiuk K, Ostaszewska-Bugajska M, Kryzheuskaya K, Gardeström P, Szal B. Glyoxalase I activity affects Arabidopsis sensitivity to ammonium nutrition. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:2393-2413. [PMID: 36242617 PMCID: PMC9700585 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-022-02931-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Elevated methylglyoxal levels contribute to ammonium-induced growth disorders in Arabidopsis thaliana. Methylglyoxal detoxification pathway limitation, mainly the glyoxalase I activity, leads to enhanced sensitivity of plants to ammonium nutrition. Ammonium applied to plants as the exclusive source of nitrogen often triggers multiple phenotypic effects, with severe growth inhibition being the most prominent symptom. Glycolytic flux increase, leading to overproduction of its toxic by-product methylglyoxal (MG), is one of the major metabolic consequences of long-term ammonium nutrition. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of MG metabolism on ammonium-dependent growth restriction in Arabidopsis thaliana plants. As the level of MG in plant cells is maintained by the glyoxalase (GLX) system, we analyzed MG-related metabolism in plants with a dysfunctional glyoxalase pathway. We report that MG detoxification, based on glutathione-dependent glyoxalases, is crucial for plants exposed to ammonium nutrition, and its essential role in ammonium sensitivity relays on glyoxalase I (GLXI) activity. Our results indicated that the accumulation of MG-derived advanced glycation end products significantly contributes to the incidence of ammonium toxicity symptoms. Using A. thaliana frostbite1 as a model plant that overcomes growth repression on ammonium, we have shown that its resistance to enhanced MG levels is based on increased GLXI activity and tolerance to elevated MG-derived advanced glycation end-product (MAGE) levels. Furthermore, our results show that glyoxalase pathway activity strongly affects cellular antioxidative systems. Under stress conditions, the disruption of the MG detoxification pathway limits the functioning of antioxidant defense. However, under optimal growth conditions, a defect in the MG detoxification route results in the activation of antioxidative systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Borysiuk
- Department of Plant Bioenergetics, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Ostaszewska-Bugajska
- Department of Plant Bioenergetics, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katsiaryna Kryzheuskaya
- Department of Plant Bioenergetics, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Per Gardeström
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Bożena Szal
- Department of Plant Bioenergetics, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
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Li B, Song D, Guo T, Xu X, Ai C, Zhou W. Combined physiological and metabolomic analysis reveals the effects of different biostimulants on maize production and reproduction. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1062603. [PMID: 36507449 PMCID: PMC9727306 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1062603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant biostimulants (PBs) are a potential strategy to improve crop growth and grain quality. In the present study, 100 mg/L trehalose, chitosan, humic acid and gamma-aminobutyric acid treatments were applied to analyze the effects of maize production and reproductive characteristics. The contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and grain quality were significantly affected by the PBs, but not yield. The seed germination rate of all PB treatments was significantly reduced, but the drought resistance of progeny seedlings was significantly improved, with humic acid having the strongest effect. Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry analysis indicated that the disruption of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, probably due to the blockage of intermediate anabolism, reduced the supply of energy and nutrients in the early stages of germination, thus inhibiting seed germination, while the increased resistance of the offspring seedlings may be due to the up-regulation of the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and alkaloids by humic acid treatment. This study revealed the similarity and heterogeneity of the effects of different PBs on nutrient accumulation, yield characteristics and grain quality of maize, providing guidance for the application of PBs in intensive and sustainable agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyan Li
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dali Song
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tengfei Guo
- Institution of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Resources, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinpeng Xu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Ai
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Scirè A, Cianfruglia L, Minnelli C, Romaldi B, Laudadio E, Galeazzi R, Antognelli C, Armeni T. Glyoxalase 2: Towards a Broader View of the Second Player of the Glyoxalase System. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2131. [PMID: 36358501 PMCID: PMC9686547 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Glyoxalase 2 is a mitochondrial and cytoplasmic protein belonging to the metallo-β-lactamase family encoded by the hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase (HAGH) gene. This enzyme is the second enzyme of the glyoxalase system that is responsible for detoxification of the α-ketothaldehyde methylglyoxal in cells. The two enzymes glyoxalase 1 (Glo1) and glyoxalase 2 (Glo2) form the complete glyoxalase pathway, which utilizes glutathione as cofactor in eukaryotic cells. The importance of Glo2 is highlighted by its ubiquitous distribution in prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Its function in the system has been well defined, but in recent years, additional roles are emerging, especially those related to oxidative stress. This review focuses on Glo2 by considering its genetics, molecular and structural properties, its involvement in post-translational modifications and its interaction with specific metabolic pathways. The purpose of this review is to focus attention on an enzyme that, from the most recent studies, appears to play a role in multiple regulatory pathways that may be important in certain diseases such as cancer or oxidative stress-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Scirè
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Laura Cianfruglia
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Cristina Minnelli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Brenda Romaldi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Emiliano Laudadio
- Department of Science and Engineering of Materials, Environment and Urban Planning, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Roberta Galeazzi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Cinzia Antognelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Tatiana Armeni
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
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Fu ZW, Li JH, Feng YR, Yuan X, Lu YT. The metabolite methylglyoxal-mediated gene expression is associated with histone methylglyoxalation. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:1886-1899. [PMID: 33476385 PMCID: PMC7913762 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG) is a byproduct of glycolysis that functions in diverse mammalian developmental processes and diseases and in plant responses to various stresses, including salt stress. However, it is unknown whether MG-regulated gene expression is associated with an epigenetic modification. Here we report that MG methylglyoxalates H3 including H3K4 and increases chromatin accessibility, consistent with the result that H3 methylglyoxalation positively correlates with gene expression. Salt stress also increases H3 methylglyoxalation at salt stress responsive genes correlated to their higher expression. Following exposure to salt stress, salt stress responsive genes were expressed at higher levels in the Arabidopsis glyI2 mutant than in wild-type plants, but at lower levels in 35S::GLYI2 35S::GLYII4 plants, consistent with the higher and lower MG accumulation and H3 methylglyoxalation of target genes in glyI2 and 35S::GLYI2 35S::GLYII4, respectively. Further, ABI3 and MYC2, regulators of salt stress responsive genes, affect the distribution of H3 methylglyoxalation at salt stress responsive genes. Thus, MG functions as a histone-modifying group associated with gene expression that links glucose metabolism and epigenetic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Wei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jian-Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yu-Rui Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ying-Tang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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7
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Climate and Processing Effects on Tea ( Camellia sinensis L. Kuntze) Metabolome: Accurate Profiling and Fingerprinting by Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography/Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25102447. [PMID: 32456315 PMCID: PMC7288030 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study applied an untargeted–targeted (UT) fingerprinting approach, based on comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOF MS), to assess the effects of rainfall and temperature (both seasonal and elevational) on the tea metabolome. By this strategy, the same compound found in multiple samples need only to be identified once, since chromatograms and mass spectral features are aligned in the data analysis process. Primary and specialized metabolites of leaves from two Chinese provinces, Yunnan (pu′erh) and Fujian (oolong), and a farm in South Carolina (USA, black tea) were studied. UT fingerprinting provided insight into plant metabolism activation/inhibition, taste and trigeminal sensations, and antioxidant properties, not easily attained by other analytical approaches. For example, pu′erh and oolong contained higher relative amounts of amino acids, organic acids, and sugars. Conversely, black tea contained less of all targeted compounds except fructose and glucose, which were more similar to oolong tea. Findings revealed compounds statistically different between spring (pre-monsoon) and summer (monsoon) in pu′erh and oolong teas as well as compounds that exhibited the greatest variability due to seasonal and elevational differences. The UT fingerprinting approach offered unique insights into how differences in growing conditions and commercial processing affect the nutritional benefits and sensory characteristics of tea beverages.
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Alam P, Albalawi TH, Altalayan FH, Bakht MA, Ahanger MA, Raja V, Ashraf M, Ahmad P. 24-Epibrassinolide (EBR) Confers Tolerance against NaCl Stress in Soybean Plants by Up-Regulating Antioxidant System, Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle, and Glyoxalase System. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E640. [PMID: 31652728 PMCID: PMC6920941 DOI: 10.3390/biom9110640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
: The present research was performed to assess the effect of 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) on salt-stressed soybean plants. Salt stress suppressed growth, biomass yield, gas exchange parameters, pigment content, and chlorophyll fluorescence, but all these parameters were up-regulated by EBR supply. Moreover, salt stress increased hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, and electrolyte leakage. EBR supplementation reduced the accumulation of oxidative stress biomarkers. The activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, and the accumulation of proline, glycinebetaine, total phenols, and total flavonoids increased with NaCl stress, but these attributes further increased with EBR supplementation. The activities of enzymes and the levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants involved in the Asc-Glu cycle also increased with NaCl stress, and further enhancement in these attributes was recorded by EBR supplementation. Salinity elevated the methylglyoxal content, but it was decreased by the EBR supplementation accompanying with up-regulation of the glyoxalase cycle (GlyI and GlyII). Salinity enhanced the Na+ uptake in root and shoot coupled with a decrease in uptake of Ca2+, K+, and P. However, EBR supplementation declined Na+ accumulation and promoted the uptake of the aforementioned nutrients. Overall, EBR supplementation regulated the salt tolerance mechanism in soybean plants by modulating osmolytes, activities of key enzymes, and the levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravej Alam
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Thamer H Albalawi
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fahad H Altalayan
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Md Afroz Bakht
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Vaseem Raja
- Department of Botany, Govt. College for women Baramulla-193101, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan.
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Botany, S.P. College, Srinagar 190001, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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Bömer M, O’Brien JA, Pérez-Salamó I, Krasauskas J, Finch P, Briones A, Daudi A, Souda P, Tsui TL, Whitelegge JP, Paul Bolwell G, Devoto A. COI1-dependent jasmonate signalling affects growth, metabolite production and cell wall protein composition in arabidopsis. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2018; 122:1117-1129. [PMID: 29924303 PMCID: PMC6324744 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcy109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cultured cell suspensions have been the preferred model to study the apoplast as well as to monitor metabolic and cell cycle-related changes. Previous work showed that methyl jasmonate (MeJA) inhibits leaf growth in a CORONATINE INSENSITIVE 1 (COI1)-dependent manner, with COI1 being the jasmonate (JA) receptor. Here, the effect of COI1 overexpression on the growth of stably transformed arabidopsis cell cultures is described. METHODS Time-course experiments were carried out to analyse gene expression, and protein and metabolite levels. KEY RESULTS Both MeJA treatment and the overexpression of COI1 modify growth, by altering cell proliferation and expansion. DNA content as well as transcript patterns of cell cycle and cell wall remodelling markers were altered. COI1 overexpression also increases the protein levels of OLIGOGALACTURONIDE OXIDASE 1, BETA-GLUCOSIDASE/ENDOGLUCANASES and POLYGALACTURONASE INHIBITING PROTEIN2, reinforcing the role of COI1 in mediating defence responses and highlighting a link between cell wall loosening and growth regulation. Moreover, changes in the levels of the primary metabolites alanine, serine and succinic acid of MeJA-treated Arabidopsis cell cultures were observed. In addition, COI1 overexpression positively affects the availability of metabolites such as β-alanine, threonic acid, putrescine, glucose and myo-inositol, thereby providing a connection between JA-inhibited growth and stress responses. CONCLUSIONS This study contributes to the understanding of the regulation of growth and the production of metabolic resources by JAs and COI1. This will have important implications in dissecting the complex relationships between hormonal and cell wall signalling in plants. The work also provides tools to uncover novel mechanisms co-ordinating cell division and post-mitotic cell expansion in the absence of organ developmental control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Bömer
- Plant Molecular Science and Centre of Systems and Synthetic Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK
- Present address: Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK
| | - José A O’Brien
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Departamento de Fruticultura y Enología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Imma Pérez-Salamó
- Plant Molecular Science and Centre of Systems and Synthetic Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK
| | - Jovaras Krasauskas
- Plant Molecular Science and Centre of Systems and Synthetic Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK
| | - Paul Finch
- Plant Molecular Science and Centre of Systems and Synthetic Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK
| | - Andrea Briones
- Plant Molecular Science and Centre of Systems and Synthetic Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK
- Present address: Biometrology, National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW, UK
| | - Arsalan Daudi
- Plant Molecular Science and Centre of Systems and Synthetic Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK
- Present address: Bio-Protocol LLC, PO Box 2073, Sunnyvale, CA 94087-0073, USA
| | - Puneet Souda
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Departamento de Fruticultura y Enología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tjir-Li Tsui
- Plant Molecular Science and Centre of Systems and Synthetic Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK
| | - Julian P Whitelegge
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - G Paul Bolwell
- Plant Molecular Science and Centre of Systems and Synthetic Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK
| | - Alessandra Devoto
- Plant Molecular Science and Centre of Systems and Synthetic Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK
- For correspondence. E-mail
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10
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Shimakawa G, Ifuku K, Suzuki Y, Makino A, Ishizaki K, Fukayama H, Morita R, Sakamoto K, Nishi A, Miyake C. Responses of the chloroplast glyoxalase system to high CO 2 concentrations. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 82:2072-2083. [PMID: 30122118 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1507724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Sugar metabolism pathways such as photosynthesis produce dicarbonyls, e.g. methylglyoxal (MG), which can cause cellular damage. The glyoxalase (GLX) system comprises two enzymes GLX1 and GLX2, and detoxifies MG; however, this system is poorly understood in the chloroplast, compared with the cytosol. In the present study, we determined GLX1 and GLX2 activities in spinach chloroplasts, which constituted 40% and 10%, respectively, of the total leaf glyoxalase activity. In Arabidopsis thaliana, five GFP-fusion GLXs were present in the chloroplasts. Under high CO2 concentrations, where increased photosynthesis promotes the MG production, GLX1 and GLX2 activities in A. thaliana increased and the expression of AtGLX1-2 and AtGLX2-5 was enhanced. On the basis of these findings and the phylogeny of GLX in oxygenic phototrophs, we propose that the GLX system scavenges MG produced in chloroplasts during photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ginga Shimakawa
- a Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Kobe University , Kobe , Japan
| | - Kentaro Ifuku
- b Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies , Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan.,c Core Research for Environmental Science and Technology , Japan Science and Technology Agency , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Yuji Suzuki
- c Core Research for Environmental Science and Technology , Japan Science and Technology Agency , Tokyo , Japan.,d Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Tohoku University , Sendai , Japan.,e Faculty of Agriculture , Iwate University , Morioka , Iwate , Japan
| | - Amane Makino
- d Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Tohoku University , Sendai , Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Fukayama
- a Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Kobe University , Kobe , Japan
| | - Ryutaro Morita
- a Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Kobe University , Kobe , Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Sakamoto
- a Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Kobe University , Kobe , Japan
| | - Akiko Nishi
- a Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Kobe University , Kobe , Japan
| | - Chikahiro Miyake
- a Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Kobe University , Kobe , Japan.,c Core Research for Environmental Science and Technology , Japan Science and Technology Agency , Tokyo , Japan
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11
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Jan S, Alyemeni MN, Wijaya L, Alam P, Siddique KH, Ahmad P. Interactive effect of 24-epibrassinolide and silicon alleviates cadmium stress via the modulation of antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems and macronutrient content in Pisum sativum L. seedlings. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:146. [PMID: 30012086 PMCID: PMC6048797 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1359-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study assessed the effects of 24-epibrassinolide (EBL, 10-7M) and silicon (2 mM) on the alleviation of cadmium (Cd, 150 mg L-1) toxicity in Pisum sativum L. seedlings via the modulation of growth, antioxidant defense, glyoxalase system, and nutrient uptake. RESULTS Shoot and root lengths declined by 46.43% and 52.78%, respectively, following Cd stress. Shoot and root dry weights also declined with Cd toxicity. Biochemical and physiological aspects exhibit significant decline including total chlorophyll (33.09%), carotenoid (51.51%), photosynthetic efficiency (32.60%), photochemical quenching (19.04%), leaf relative water content (40.18%), and gas exchange parameters (80.65%). However, EBL or Si supplementation alone or in combination modulates the previously mentioned parameters. Cadmium stress increased proline and glycine betaine (GB) contents by 4.37 and 2.41-fold, respectively. Exposure of plants to Cd stress increased the accumulation of H2O2, malondialdehyde content, electrolyte leakage, and methylglyoxal, which declined significantly with EBL and Si supplementation, both individually and in combination. Similarly, Cd stress adversely affected enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, but EBL and/or Si supplementation maintained antioxidant levels. Glyoxalase I (GlyI) accumulated after Cd stress and increased further with the application of EBL and Si. However, GlyII content declined after Cd stress but increased with supplementation of EBL and Si. Cadmium accumulation occurred in the following order: roots > shoots>leaves. Supplementation with EBL and Si, individually and in combination reduced Cd accumulation and enhanced the uptake of macronutrients and micronutrients in shoots and roots, which declined with Cd toxicity. CONCLUSION The application of 24-EBL and Si, individually and in combination, alleviated the adverse effects of Cd by improving growth, biochemical parameters, nutrient uptake, osmolyte accumulation, and the anti-oxidative defense and glyoxalase systems in Pisum sativum seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumira Jan
- ICAR- Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture, Rangreth, Air Field, Srinagar, Jammu, Kashmir, India
| | - Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leonard Wijaya
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pravej Alam
- Biology Department, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Kadambot H Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture and School of Agriculture & Environment, The University of Western Australia, LB 5005, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Botany, S.P. College, Srinagar, Jammu, Kashmir, 190001, India.
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12
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Mostofa MG, Ghosh A, Li ZG, Siddiqui MN, Fujita M, Tran LSP. Methylglyoxal - a signaling molecule in plant abiotic stress responses. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 122:96-109. [PMID: 29545071 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses are the most common harmful factors, adversely affecting all aspects of plants' life. Plants have to elicit appropriate responses against multifaceted effects of abiotic stresses by reprogramming various cellular processes. Signaling molecules play vital roles in sensing environmental stimuli to modulate gene expression, metabolism and physiological processes in plants to cope with the adverse effects. Methylglyoxal (MG), a dicarbonyl compound, is known to accumulate in cells as a byproduct of various metabolic pathways, including glycolysis. Several works in recent years have demonstrated that MG could play signaling roles via Ca2+, reactive oxygen species (ROS), K+ and abscisic acid. Recently, global gene expression profiling has shown that MG could induce signaling cascades, and an overlap between MG-responsive and stress-responsive signaling events might exist in plants. Once overaccumulated in cells, MG can provoke detrimental effects by generating ROS, forming advanced glycation end products and inactivating antioxidant systems. Plants are also equipped with MG-detoxifying glyoxalase system to save cellular organelles from MG toxicity. Since MG has regulatory functions in plant growth and development, and glyoxalase system is an integral component of abiotic stress adaptation, an in-depth understanding on MG metabolism and glyoxalase system will help decipher mechanisms underlying plant responses to abiotic stresses. Here, we provide a comprehensive update on the current knowledge of MG production and detoxification in plants, and highlight the putative functions of glyoxalase system in mediating plant defense against abiotic stresses. We particularly emphasize on the dual roles of MG and its connection with glutathione-related redox regulation, which is crucial for plant defense and adaptive responses under changing environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Golam Mostofa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh.
| | - Ajit Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh.
| | - Zhong-Guang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China.
| | - Md Nurealam Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh.
| | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan.
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Plant Stress Research Group & Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam; Signaling Pathway Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
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13
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Yan G, Xiao X, Wang N, Zhang F, Gao G, Xu K, Chen B, Qiao J, Wu X. Genome-wide analysis and expression profiles of glyoxalase gene families in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191159. [PMID: 29324881 PMCID: PMC5764358 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The glyoxalase pathway is composed of glyoxalase I (GLYI) and glyoxalase II (GLYII) and is responsible for the detoxification of a cytotoxic metabolite methylglyoxal (MG) into the nontoxic S-D-lactoylglutathione. The two glyoxalase enzymes play a crucial role in stress tolerance in various plant species. Recently, the GLY gene families have well been analyzed in Arabidopsis, rice and soybean, however, little is known about them in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa). Here, 16 BrGLYI and 15 BrGLYII genes were identified in the B. rapa genome, and the BrGLYI and BrGLYII proteins were both clustered into five subfamilies. The classifications, chromosomal distributions, gene duplications, exon–intron structures, localizations, conserved motifs and promoter cis-elements were also predicted and analyzed. In addition, the expression pattern of these genes in different tissues and their response to biotic and abiotic stresses were analyzed using publicly available data and a quantitative real-time PCR analysis (RT-qPCR). The results indicated that the expression profiles of BrGLY genes varied among different tissues. Notably, a number of BrGLY genes showed responses to biotic and abiotic stress treatments, including Plasmodiophora brassicae infection and various heavy metal stresses. Taken together, this study identifies BrGLYI and BrGLYII gene families in B. rapa and offers insight into their roles in plant development and stress resistance, especially in heavy metal stress tolerance and pathogen resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixin Yan
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Nian Wang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Fugui Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Guizhen Gao
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Kun Xu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Biyun Chen
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Jiangwei Qiao
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoming Wu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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14
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Schmitz J, Dittmar IC, Brockmann JD, Schmidt M, Hüdig M, Rossoni AW, Maurino VG. Defense against Reactive Carbonyl Species Involves at Least Three Subcellular Compartments Where Individual Components of the System Respond to Cellular Sugar Status. THE PLANT CELL 2017; 29:3234-3254. [PMID: 29150548 PMCID: PMC5757266 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.17.00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MGO) and glyoxal (GO) are toxic reactive carbonyl species generated as by-products of glycolysis. The pre-emption pathway for detoxification of these products, the glyoxalase (GLX) system, involves two consecutive reactions catalyzed by GLXI and GLXII. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the GLX system is encoded by three homologs of GLXI and three homologs of GLXII, from which several predicted GLXI and GLXII isoforms can be derived through alternative splicing. We identified the physiologically relevant splice forms using sequencing data and demonstrated that the resulting isoforms have different subcellular localizations. All three GLXI homologs are functional in vivo, as they complemented a yeast GLXI loss-of-function mutant. Efficient MGO and GO detoxification can be controlled by a switch in metal cofactor usage. MGO formation is closely connected to the flux through glycolysis and through the Calvin Benson cycle; accordingly, expression analysis indicated that GLXI is transcriptionally regulated by endogenous sugar levels. Analyses of Arabidopsis loss-of-function lines revealed that the elimination of toxic reactive carbonyl species during germination and seedling establishment depends on the activity of the cytosolic GLXI;3 isoform. The Arabidopsis GLX system involves the cytosol, chloroplasts, and mitochondria, which harbor individual components that might be used at specific developmental stages and respond differentially to cellular sugar status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Schmitz
- Institute of Developmental and Molecular Biology of Plants, Plant Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology Group, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Isabell C Dittmar
- Institute of Developmental and Molecular Biology of Plants, Plant Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology Group, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jörn D Brockmann
- Institute of Developmental and Molecular Biology of Plants, Plant Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology Group, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marc Schmidt
- Institute of Developmental and Molecular Biology of Plants, Plant Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology Group, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Meike Hüdig
- Institute of Developmental and Molecular Biology of Plants, Plant Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology Group, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alessandro W Rossoni
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Veronica G Maurino
- Institute of Developmental and Molecular Biology of Plants, Plant Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology Group, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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15
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Yazdanpanah F, Hanson J, Hilhorst HW, Bentsink L. Differentially expressed genes during the imbibition of dormant and after-ripened seeds - a reverse genetics approach. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 17:151. [PMID: 28893189 PMCID: PMC5594490 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-1098-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seed dormancy, defined as the incapability of a viable seed to germinate under favourable conditions, is an important trait in nature and agriculture. Despite extensive research on dormancy and germination, many questions about the molecular mechanisms controlling these traits remain unanswered, likely due to its genetic complexity and the large environmental effects which are characteristic of these quantitative traits. To boost research towards revealing mechanisms in the control of seed dormancy and germination we depend on the identification of genes controlling those traits. METHODS We used transcriptome analysis combined with a reverse genetics approach to identify genes that are prominent for dormancy maintenance and germination in imbibed seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana. Comparative transcriptomics analysis was employed on freshly harvested (dormant) and after-ripened (AR; non-dormant) 24-h imbibed seeds of four different DELAY OF GERMINATION near isogenic lines (DOGNILs) and the Landsberg erecta (Ler) wild type with varying levels of primary dormancy. T-DNA knock-out lines of the identified genes were phenotypically investigated for their effect on dormancy and AR. RESULTS We identified conserved sets of 46 and 25 genes which displayed higher expression in seeds of all dormant and all after-ripened DOGNILs and Ler, respectively. Knock-out mutants in these genes showed dormancy and germination related phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS Most of the identified genes had not been implicated in seed dormancy or germination. This research will be useful to further decipher the molecular mechanisms by which these important ecological and commercial traits are regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Yazdanpanah
- Wageningen Seed Laboratory, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes Hanson
- Umeå Plant Science Center, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Henk W.M. Hilhorst
- Wageningen Seed Laboratory, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Leónie Bentsink
- Wageningen Seed Laboratory, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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16
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Sankaranarayanan S, Jamshed M, Kumar A, Skori L, Scandola S, Wang T, Spiegel D, Samuel MA. Glyoxalase Goes Green: The Expanding Roles of Glyoxalase in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040898. [PMID: 28441779 PMCID: PMC5412477 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitous glyoxalase enzymatic pathway is involved in the detoxification of methylglyoxal (MG), a cytotoxic byproduct of glycolysis. The glyoxalase system has been more extensively studied in animals versus plants. Plant glyoxalases have been primarily associated with stress responses and their overexpression is known to impart tolerance to various abiotic stresses. In plants, glyoxalases exist as multigene families, and new roles for glyoxalases in various developmental and signaling pathways have started to emerge. Glyoxalase-based MG detoxification has now been shown to be important for pollination responses. During self-incompatibility response in Brassicaceae, MG is required to target compatibility factors for proteasomal degradation, while accumulation of glyoxalase leads to MG detoxification and efficient pollination. In this review, we discuss the importance of glyoxalase systems and their emerging biological roles in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramanian Sankaranarayanan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan.
| | - Muhammad Jamshed
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Abhinandan Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Logan Skori
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Sabine Scandola
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Tina Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St., New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
| | - David Spiegel
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St., New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
| | - Marcus A Samuel
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
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17
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Kaur C, Sharma S, Hasan MR, Pareek A, Singla-Pareek SL, Sopory SK. Characteristic Variations and Similarities in Biochemical, Molecular, and Functional Properties of Glyoxalases across Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040250. [PMID: 28358304 PMCID: PMC5412262 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The glyoxalase system is the ubiquitous pathway for the detoxification of methylglyoxal (MG) in the biological systems. It comprises two enzymes, glyoxalase I (GLYI) and glyoxalase II (GLYII), which act sequentially to convert MG into d-lactate, thereby helping living systems get rid of this otherwise cytotoxic byproduct of metabolism. In addition, a glutathione-independent GLYIII enzyme activity also exists in the biological systems that can directly convert MG to d-lactate. Humans and Escherichia coli possess a single copy of GLYI (encoding either the Ni- or Zn-dependent form) and GLYII genes, which through MG detoxification provide protection against various pathological and disease conditions. By contrast, the plant genome possesses multiple GLYI and GLYII genes with a role in abiotic stress tolerance. Plants possess both Ni2+- and Zn2+-dependent forms of GLYI, and studies on plant glyoxalases reveal the various unique features of these enzymes distinguishing them from prokaryotic and other eukaryotic glyoxalases. Through this review, we provide an overview of the plant glyoxalase family along with a comparative analysis of glyoxalases across various species, highlighting similarities as well as differences in the biochemical, molecular, and physiological properties of these enzymes. We believe that the evolution of multiple glyoxalases isoforms in plants is an important component of their robust defense strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charanpreet Kaur
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
- Plant Stress Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Shweta Sharma
- Plant Stress Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India.
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South campus, New Delhi 110021, India.
| | - Mohammad Rokebul Hasan
- Plant Stress Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Sneh L Singla-Pareek
- Plant Stress Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Sudhir K Sopory
- Plant Stress Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India.
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Hasanuzzaman M, Nahar K, Hossain MS, Mahmud JA, Rahman A, Inafuku M, Oku H, Fujita M. Coordinated Actions of Glyoxalase and Antioxidant Defense Systems in Conferring Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18010200. [PMID: 28117669 PMCID: PMC5297830 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18010200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Being sessile organisms, plants are frequently exposed to various environmental stresses that cause several physiological disorders and even death. Oxidative stress is one of the common consequences of abiotic stress in plants, which is caused by excess generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Sometimes ROS production exceeds the capacity of antioxidant defense systems, which leads to oxidative stress. In line with ROS, plants also produce a high amount of methylglyoxal (MG), which is an α-oxoaldehyde compound, highly reactive, cytotoxic, and produced via different enzymatic and non-enzymatic reactions. This MG can impair cells or cell components and can even destroy DNA or cause mutation. Under stress conditions, MG concentration in plants can be increased 2- to 6-fold compared with normal conditions depending on the plant species. However, plants have a system developed to detoxify this MG consisting of two major enzymes: glyoxalase I (Gly I) and glyoxalase II (Gly II), and hence known as the glyoxalase system. Recently, a novel glyoxalase enzyme, named glyoxalase III (Gly III), has been detected in plants, providing a shorter pathway for MG detoxification, which is also a signpost in the research of abiotic stress tolerance. Glutathione (GSH) acts as a co-factor for this system. Therefore, this system not only detoxifies MG but also plays a role in maintaining GSH homeostasis and subsequent ROS detoxification. Upregulation of both Gly I and Gly II as well as their overexpression in plant species showed enhanced tolerance to various abiotic stresses including salinity, drought, metal toxicity, and extreme temperature. In the past few decades, a considerable amount of reports have indicated that both antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems have strong interactions in conferring abiotic stress tolerance in plants through the detoxification of ROS and MG. In this review, we will focus on the mechanisms of these interactions and the coordinated action of these systems towards stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Molecular Biotechnology Group, Center of Molecular Biosciences, Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan.
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh.
| | - Kamrun Nahar
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh.
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan.
| | - Md Shahadat Hossain
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan.
| | - Jubayer Al Mahmud
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan.
- Department of Agroforestry and Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh.
| | - Anisur Rahman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh.
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan.
| | - Masashi Inafuku
- Molecular Biotechnology Group, Center of Molecular Biosciences, Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan.
| | - Hirosuke Oku
- Molecular Biotechnology Group, Center of Molecular Biosciences, Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan.
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Prasanth VV, Babu MS, Basava RK, Tripura Venkata VGN, Mangrauthia SK, Voleti SR, Neelamraju S. Trait and Marker Associations in Oryza nivara and O. rufipogon Derived Rice Lines under Two Different Heat Stress Conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1819. [PMID: 29123535 PMCID: PMC5662652 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Wild species and derived introgression lines (ILs) are a good source of genes for improving complex traits such as heat tolerance. The effect of heat stress on 18 yield traits was studied in four treatments in two seasons, under field conditions by subjecting 37 ILs and recurrent parents Swarna and KMR3, N22 mutants, and wild type and 2 improved rice cultivars to heat stress using polycover house method in wet season and late sowing method in dry season. Normal grown unstressed plants were controls. Both correlation and path coefficient analysis showed that the major contributing traits for high yield per plant (YPP) under heat stress conditions were tiller number, secondary branches in panicle, filled grain number, and percent spikelet fertility. Three ILs, K-377-24, K-16-3, and S-148 which gave the highest YPP of 12.30-32.52 g under heat stress in both the seasons were considered the most heat tolerant. In contrast, K-363-12, S-75, and Vandana which gave the least YPP of 5.36-10.84 g were considered heat susceptible. These lines are a good genetic resource for basic and applied studies on heat tolerance in rice. Genotyping using 49 SSR markers and single marker analysis (SMA) revealed 613 significant marker- trait associations in all four treatments. Significantly, nine markers (RM243, RM517, RM225, RM518, RM525, RM195, RM282, RM489, and RM570) on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 showed association with six traits (flag leaf spad, flag leaf thickness, vegetative leaf temperature, plant height, panicle number, and tiller number) under heat stress conditions in both wet and dry seasons. Genes such as heat shock protein binding DnaJ, Hsp70, and temperature-induced lipocalin-2 OsTIL-2 close to these markers are candidates for expression studies and evaluation for use in marker assisted selection for heat tolerance.
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20
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Hoque TS, Hossain MA, Mostofa MG, Burritt DJ, Fujita M, Tran LSP. Methylglyoxal: An Emerging Signaling Molecule in Plant Abiotic Stress Responses and Tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1341. [PMID: 27679640 PMCID: PMC5020096 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The oxygenated short aldehyde methylglyoxal (MG) is produced in plants as a by-product of a number of metabolic reactions, including elimination of phosphate groups from glycolysis intermediates dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. MG is mostly detoxified by the combined actions of the enzymes glyoxalase I and glyoxalase II that together with glutathione make up the glyoxalase system. Under normal growth conditions, basal levels of MG remain low in plants; however, when plants are exposed to abiotic stress, MG can accumulate to much higher levels. Stress-induced MG functions as a toxic molecule, inhibiting different developmental processes, including seed germination, photosynthesis and root growth, whereas MG, at low levels, acts as an important signaling molecule, involved in regulating diverse events, such as cell proliferation and survival, control of the redox status of cells, and many other aspects of general metabolism and cellular homeostases. MG can modulate plant stress responses by regulating stomatal opening and closure, the production of reactive oxygen species, cytosolic calcium ion concentrations, the activation of inward rectifying potassium channels and the expression of many stress-responsive genes. MG appears to play important roles in signal transduction by transmitting and amplifying cellular signals and functions that promote adaptation of plants growing under adverse environmental conditions. Thus, MG is now considered as a potential biochemical marker for plant abiotic stress tolerance, and is receiving considerable attention by the scientific community. In this review, we will summarize recent findings regarding MG metabolism in plants under abiotic stress, and evaluate the concept of MG signaling. In addition, we will demonstrate the importance of giving consideration to MG metabolism and the glyoxalase system, when investigating plant adaptation and responses to various environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahsina S. Hoque
- Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad A. Hossain
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad G. Mostofa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural UniversityGazipur, Bangladesh
- *Correspondence: Mohammad G. Mostofa, Lam-Son P. Tran, ;
| | | | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa UniversityKagawa, Japan
| | - Lam-Son P. Tran
- Plant Abiotic Stress Research Group & Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang UniversityHo Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Signaling Pathway Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceYokohama, Japan
- *Correspondence: Mohammad G. Mostofa, Lam-Son P. Tran, ;
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Alvarez-Gerding X, Cortés-Bullemore R, Medina C, Romero-Romero JL, Inostroza-Blancheteau C, Aquea F, Arce-Johnson P. Improved Salinity Tolerance in Carrizo Citrange Rootstock through Overexpression of Glyoxalase System Genes. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:827951. [PMID: 26236739 PMCID: PMC4510252 DOI: 10.1155/2015/827951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Citrus plants are widely cultivated around the world and, however, are one of the most salt stress sensitive crops. To improve salinity tolerance, transgenic Carrizo citrange rootstocks that overexpress glyoxalase I and glyoxalase II genes were obtained and their salt stress tolerance was evaluated. Molecular analysis showed high expression for both glyoxalase genes (BjGlyI and PgGlyII) in 5H03 and 5H04 lines. Under control conditions, transgenic and wild type plants presented normal morphology. In salinity treatments, the transgenic plants showed less yellowing, marginal burn in lower leaves and showed less than 40% of leaf damage compared with wild type plants. The transgenic plants showed a significant increase in the dry weight of shoot but there are no differences in the root and complete plant dry weight. In addition, a higher accumulation of chlorine is observed in the roots in transgenic line 5H03 but in shoot it was lower. Also, the wild type plant accumulated around 20% more chlorine in the shoot compared to roots. These results suggest that heterologous expression of glyoxalase system genes could enhance salt stress tolerance in Carrizo citrange rootstock and could be a good biotechnological approach to improve the abiotic stress tolerance in woody plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximena Alvarez-Gerding
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Alameda 340, P.O. Box 114-D, 8331150 Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4560, 7820436 Santiago, Chile
| | - Rowena Cortés-Bullemore
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Alameda 340, P.O. Box 114-D, 8331150 Santiago, Chile
| | - Consuelo Medina
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Alameda 340, P.O. Box 114-D, 8331150 Santiago, Chile
| | - Jesús L. Romero-Romero
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Alameda 340, P.O. Box 114-D, 8331150 Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4560, 7820436 Santiago, Chile
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIIDIR, Unidad Sinaloa, Departamento de Biotecnología Agrícola, Boulevard Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes No. 250, San Joachín, CP 81101, Guasave, SIN, Mexico
| | - Claudio Inostroza-Blancheteau
- Núcleo de Investigación en Producción Alimentaria, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Escuela de Agronomía, Universidad Católica de Temuco, P.O. Box 56-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Felipe Aquea
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Alameda 340, P.O. Box 114-D, 8331150 Santiago, Chile
- Laboratorio de Bioingeniería, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, Diagonal Las Torres 2640, Peñalolen, 7941169 Santiago, Chile
- Center for Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricio Arce-Johnson
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Alameda 340, P.O. Box 114-D, 8331150 Santiago, Chile
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Mustafa G, Sakata K, Hossain Z, Komatsu S. Proteomic study on the effects of silver nanoparticles on soybean under flooding stress. J Proteomics 2015; 122:100-18. [PMID: 25857275 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Flooding negatively affects the soybean growth; however, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) enhanced the growth under stress. To study the effects of AgNPs on soybean under flooding, a gel-free proteomic technique was used. The morphological analysis of early-stage soybean exposed to flooding with AgNPs of various sizes and concentrations revealed enhanced seedling growth by treatment with 15n m AgNPs at 2 ppm. Differentially changed 107 root proteins were predominantly associated with stress, signaling, and cell metabolism. Hierarchical clustering divided these proteins into 3 clusters. Based on cluster analysis, the abundances of glyoxalase II 3 and fermentation related proteins were time-dependently increased under flooding stress, but decreased in response to AgNPs. Six enzymes involved in metabolic pathways were analyzed at the transcriptional level. The alcohol dehydrogenase 1 and pyruvate decarboxylase 2 genes were up-regulated under flooding stress while down-regulated in response to AgNPs. Moreover, comparatively low transcript level of glyoxalase II 3 under AgNPs treatment implies that less cytotoxic by-products of glycolysis are produced in AgNPs exposed soybeans as compared to flooded soybean. These results suggest that the AgNPs treated soybeans might have experienced less oxygen-deprivation stress, which might be the key factor for better growth performance of AgNPs treated soybeans under flooding stress. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE This study highlighted the effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the soybean under flooding stress. Silver nanoparticles (2 ppm AgNPs, 15 nm in size) treatment facilitate the soybean under flooding stress enhancing seedling growth. A time-course comparative gel-free proteomic study was performed to analyze the changes inproteome profiles in response to AgNPs treatment under flooding. The 107 differentially changed root proteins were predominantly associated with stress, signaling, cell metabolism. The abundances of the glyoxalase II 3 and fermentation related proteins were significantly increased on exposure to flooding; however, decreased by AgNPs treatment. Comparatively low transcript level of glyoxalase II 3 under AgNPs treatment implies that less cytotoxic by-products of glycolysis are produced in AgNPs exposed soybeans as compared to flooded soybean. Moreover, the observed up-regulation of the alcohol dehydrogenase 1 and pyruvate decarboxylase 2 genes under flooding stress condition and its down-regulation in response to AgNPs treatment might be related to a metabolic shift towards normal cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazala Mustafa
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan; National Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-8518, Japan
| | - Katsumi Sakata
- Maebashi Institute of Technology, Maebashi 371-0816, Japan
| | - Zahed Hossain
- National Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-8518, Japan; Plant Stress Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, West Bengal State University, Kolkata 700 126, West Bengal, India
| | - Setsuko Komatsu
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan; National Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-8518, Japan.
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Choudhary M, Jayanand, Padaria JC. Transcriptional profiling in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.R. Br.) for identification of differentially expressed drought responsive genes. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 21:187-96. [PMID: 25964713 PMCID: PMC4411378 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-015-0287-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is an important cereal of traditional farming systems that has the natural ability to withstand various abiotic stresses. The present study aims at the identification and validation of major differentially expressed genes in response to drought stress in P. glaucum by Suppression Subtractive Hybridization (SSH) analysis. Twenty-two days old seedlings of P. glaucum cultivar PPMI741 were subjected to drought stress by treatment of 30 % Polyethylene glycol for different time periods 30 min (T1), 2 h (T2), 4 h (T3), 8 h (T4), 16 h (T5), 24 h (T6) and 48 h (T7) respectively, monitored by examining the RWC of seedlings. Total RNA was isolated to construct drought responsive subtractive cDNA library through SSH, sequenced to identify the differentially expressed genes in response to drought stress and validated by qRT-PCR.745 ESTs were assembled into a collection of 299 unigenes having 52 contigs and 247 singletons. All 745 ESTs were submitted to ENA-EMBL databases (Accession no. HG516611- HG517355). After analysis, 10 differentially expressed genes were validated namely Abscisic stress ripening protein, Ascorbate peroxidase, Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase, Putative beta-1, 3-glucanase, Glyoxalase, Rab7, Aspartic proteinase Oryzasin, DnaJ-like protein and Calmodulin-like protein by qRT-PCR. The identified ESTs reveal a major portion of the stress responsive transcriptome that may prove to be a vent to unravel molecular basis underlying tolerance of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) to drought stress. These genes could be utilized for transgenic breeding or transferred to crop plants through marker assisted selection for the development of better drought resistant cultivars having enhanced adaptability to survive harsh environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minakshi Choudhary
- />Biotechnology and Climate Change Laboratory, National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Jayanand
- />Shobhit University, NH-58, Modipuram, Meerut, 250110 India
| | - Jasdeep Chatrath Padaria
- />Biotechnology and Climate Change Laboratory, National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012 India
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Pinedo I, Ledger T, Greve M, Poupin MJ. Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN induces long-term metabolic and transcriptional changes involved in Arabidopsis thaliana salt tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:466. [PMID: 26157451 PMCID: PMC4477060 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is one of the major limitations for food production worldwide. Improvement of plant salt-stress tolerance using plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) has arisen as a promising strategy to help overcome this limitation. However, the molecular and biochemical mechanisms controlling PGPR/plant interactions under salt-stress remain unclear. The main objective of this study was to obtain new insights into the mechanisms underlying salt-stress tolerance enhancement in the salt-sensitive Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 plants, when inoculated with the well-known PGPR strain Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN. To tackle this, different life history traits, together with the spatiotemporal accumulation patterns for key metabolites and salt-stress related transcripts, were analyzed in inoculated plants under short and long-term salt-stress. Inoculated plants displayed faster recovery and increased tolerance after sustained salt-stress. PsJN treatment accelerated the accumulation of proline and transcription of genes related to abscisic acid signaling (Relative to Dessication, RD29A and RD29B), ROS scavenging (Ascorbate Peroxidase 2), and detoxification (Glyoxalase I 7), and down-regulated the expression of Lipoxygenase 2 (related to jasmonic acid biosynthesis). Among the general transcriptional effects of this bacterium, the expression pattern of important ion-homeostasis related genes was altered after short and long-term stress (Arabidopsis K(+) Transporter 1, High-Affinity K(+) Transporter 1, Sodium Hydrogen Exchanger 2, and Arabidopsis Salt Overly Sensitive 1). In all, the faster and stronger molecular changes induced by the inoculation suggest a PsJN-priming effect, which may explain the observed tolerance after short-term and sustained salt-stress in plants. This study provides novel information about possible mechanisms involved in salt-stress tolerance induced by PGPR in plants, showing that certain changes are maintained over time. This opens up new venues to study these relevant biological associations, as well as new approaches to a better understanding of the spatiotemporal mechanisms involved in stress tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Pinedo
- Laboratorio de Bioingeniería, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo IbáñezSantiago, Chile
| | - Thomas Ledger
- Laboratorio de Bioingeniería, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo IbáñezSantiago, Chile
- Center for Applied Ecology and SustainabilitySantiago, Chile
| | - Macarena Greve
- Laboratorio de Bioingeniería, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo IbáñezSantiago, Chile
| | - María J. Poupin
- Laboratorio de Bioingeniería, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo IbáñezSantiago, Chile
- Center for Applied Ecology and SustainabilitySantiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: María J. Poupin, Laboratorio de Bioingeniería, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Avenida Diagonal Las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, Santiago 7941169, Chile,
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