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Polyplexes for gene and nucleic acid delivery: Progress and bottlenecks. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 150:105358. [PMID: 32360232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gene and nucleic acid delivery constitute a huge biological challenge and several attempts have been made by research laboratories to address this issue. Cationic polymers and cationic lipids (positively charged carriers) can be utilized for the transport of these biomolecules. Polyplexes (PPs) are interpolyelectrolyte complexes which are spontaneously formed through the electrostatic condensation between nucleic acid and a cationic polymer. PPs are capable of high-density payload condensation leading to cell internalization and subsequent protection from enzymatic degradation. Most cationic polymers can cross extracellular barriers, but it is more challenging to overcome intracellular barriers (efficient disassembly and endosomal escape). In this review, the use of PPs for gene and nucleic acid delivery is discussed.
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2
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Gibson TJ, Smyth P, Semsarilar M, McCann AP, McDaid WJ, Johnston MC, Scott CJ, Themistou E. Star polymers with acid-labile diacetal-based cores synthesized by aqueous RAFT polymerization for intracellular DNA delivery. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00573k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Facile low temperature aqueous heterogeneous RAFT polymerization for preparation of novel star polymers with acid-labile diacetal-based cores for DNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Gibson
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Queen's University Belfast
- Belfast BT9 5AG
- UK
| | - Peter Smyth
- Centre for Cancer Research & Cell Biology
- Queen's University Belfast
- Belfast BT9 7AE
- UK
| | - Mona Semsarilar
- Institut Européen des Membranes
- IEM
- UMR 5635
- Université de Montpellier
- ENSCM
| | - Aidan P. McCann
- Centre for Cancer Research & Cell Biology
- Queen's University Belfast
- Belfast BT9 7AE
- UK
| | - William J. McDaid
- Centre for Cancer Research & Cell Biology
- Queen's University Belfast
- Belfast BT9 7AE
- UK
| | - Michael C. Johnston
- Centre for Cancer Research & Cell Biology
- Queen's University Belfast
- Belfast BT9 7AE
- UK
| | - Christopher J. Scott
- Centre for Cancer Research & Cell Biology
- Queen's University Belfast
- Belfast BT9 7AE
- UK
| | - Efrosyni Themistou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Queen's University Belfast
- Belfast BT9 5AG
- UK
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3
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Ji J, Wu T, Zhang Y, Feng F. Light-Controlled in Vitro Gene Delivery Using Polymer-Tethered Spiropyran as a Photoswitchable Photosensitizer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:15222-15232. [PMID: 30950602 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b22505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A gene delivery system using spiropyran as a photoswitchable photosensitizer for the controlled photochemical internalization effect was developed by engineering the outer coating of a polyethylenimine/DNA complex with a small amount of spiropyran-containing cationic copolymers. The successful binding of cationic polymers by the polyethylenimine coating was detected by the distance-sensitive fluorescence resonance energy-transfer technique that evidenced the occurrence of energy transfer between fluorescein-labeled cationic copolymers and polyethylenimine-condensed rhodamine-labeled DNA. The ternary polyplexes feature reversible controllability of singlet oxygen generation based on the dual effect of spiropyrans in photochromism and aggregation-induced enhanced photosensitization, allowing significant light-induced amplification of bPEI-mediated in vitro transgene efficiency (from original 15% to final 91%) at a low DNA dose, with the integrity of supercoiled DNA structure unaffected. The use of spiropyran without the need of other photosensitizers circumvents the issue of uncontrolled long-lasting photocytotoxicity in gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinkai Ji
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Tiantian Wu
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- College of Life Science and Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Functional Molecules , Jiangsu Second Normal University , Nanjing 210013 , P. R. China
| | - Fude Feng
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
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4
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Burnand D, Milosevic A, Balog S, Spuch-Calvar M, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Dengjel J, Kinnear C, Moore TL, Petri-Fink A. Beyond Global Charge: Role of Amine Bulkiness and Protein Fingerprint on Nanoparticle-Cell Interaction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1802088. [PMID: 30198074 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201802088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Amino groups presented on the surface of nanoparticles are well-known to be a predominant factor in the formation of the protein corona and subsequent cellular uptake. However, the molecular mechanism underpinning this relationship is poorly defined. This study investigates how amine type and density affect the protein corona and cellular association of gold nanoparticles with cells in vitro. Four specific poly(vinyl alcohol-co-N-vinylamine) copolymers are synthesized containing primary, secondary, or tertiary amines. Particle cellular association (i.e., cellular uptake and surface adsorption), as well as protein corona composition, are then investigated. It is found that the protein corona (as a consequence of "amine bulkiness") and amine density are both important in dictating cellular association. By evaluating the nanoparticle surface chemistry and the protein fingerprint, proteins that are significant in mediating particle-cell association are identified. In particular, primary amines, when exposed on the polymer side chain, are strongly correlated with the presence of alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein, and promote nanoparticle cellular association.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Burnand
- Chemistry Department, Université de Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Université de Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Ana Milosevic
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Université de Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Sandor Balog
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Université de Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Miguel Spuch-Calvar
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Université de Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | - Jörn Dengjel
- Department of Biology, Université de Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Calum Kinnear
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia
| | - Thomas L Moore
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Université de Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Alke Petri-Fink
- Chemistry Department, Université de Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Université de Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
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5
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Liu H, Cai Y, Zhang Y, Xie Y, Qiu H, Hua L, Liu X, Li Y, Lu J, Zhang L, Yu R. Development of a Hypoxic Radiosensitizer-Prodrug Liposome Delivery DNA Repair Inhibitor Dbait Combination with Radiotherapy for Glioma Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28371526 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201601377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Gliomas are highly radioresistant tumors, mainly due to hypoxia in the core region of the gliomas and efficient DNA double-strand break repair. However, the design of a radiosensitizer incorporating the two above mechanisms is difficult and has rarely been reported. Thus, this study develops a hypoxic radiosensitizer-prodrug liposome (MLP) to deliver the DNA repair inhibitor Dbait (MLP/Dbait) to achieve the simultaneous entry of radiosensitizers with two different mechanisms into the glioma. MLP/Dbait effectively sensitizes glioma cells to X-ray radiotherapy (RT). Histological and microscopic examinations of dissected brain tissue confirm that MLP effectively delivers Dbait into the glioma. Furthermore, the combination of MLP/Dbait with RT significantly inhibits growth of the glioma, as assessed by in vivo bioluminescence imaging. These findings suggest that MLP is a promising candidate as a Dbait delivery system to enhance the effect of RT on glioma, owing to the synergistic effects of the two different radiosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Liu
- Brain HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou 221000 China
- Institute of Nervous System DiseasesXuzhou Medical University Xuzhou Jiangsu 221002 P. R. China
| | - Yifan Cai
- Brain HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou 221000 China
- Institute of Nervous System DiseasesXuzhou Medical University Xuzhou Jiangsu 221002 P. R. China
| | - Yafei Zhang
- Brain HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou 221000 China
- Institute of Nervous System DiseasesXuzhou Medical University Xuzhou Jiangsu 221002 P. R. China
| | - Yandong Xie
- Brain HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou 221000 China
- Institute of Nervous System DiseasesXuzhou Medical University Xuzhou Jiangsu 221002 P. R. China
| | - Hui Qiu
- Department of Radiation OncologyAffiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou 221000 China
- Cancer Institute of Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou 221002 P. R. China
| | - Lei Hua
- Brain HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou 221000 China
- Institute of Nervous System DiseasesXuzhou Medical University Xuzhou Jiangsu 221002 P. R. China
| | - Xuejiao Liu
- Brain HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou 221000 China
- Institute of Nervous System DiseasesXuzhou Medical University Xuzhou Jiangsu 221002 P. R. China
| | - Yuling Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringJiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 P. R. China
| | - Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu ProvinceSchool of Life ScienceJiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 Jiangsu Province P. R. China
| | - Longzhen Zhang
- Department of Radiation OncologyAffiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou 221000 China
- Cancer Institute of Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou 221002 P. R. China
| | - Rutong Yu
- Brain HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou 221000 China
- Institute of Nervous System DiseasesXuzhou Medical University Xuzhou Jiangsu 221002 P. R. China
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6
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Liao WH, Hsiao MY, Lo CW, Yang HS, Sun MK, Lin FH, Chang Y, Chen WS. Intracellular triggered release of DNA-quaternary ammonium polyplex by ultrasound. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2017; 36:70-77. [PMID: 28069241 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
2-Methacryloyloxy ethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (TMA) is a potent polymeric plasma DNA (pDNA) carrier. The present study shows that TMA/pDNA polyplexes could be internalized into cells efficiently, but could not mediate gene transfection on its own. The transfection process of TMA/pDNA polyplexes is turned on only when ultrasound (US) was applied 4-8h after incubating TMA/pDNA polyplexes with target cells (with a gene expression 1000 times that of the immediate US group). US is a widely used physical method for gene delivery; its transfection efficiency can be significantly enhanced when combined with cationic polymer vectors. Traditionally, US is given simultaneously with genetic materials, carriers and microbubbles to exert maximal efficacy. The unique on-off phenomenon of TMA/pDNA polyplexes, controlled by US exposure, was found to relate to the endosomal escape effect of US since the polyplexes colocalized well with the lysosome marker if no US was given or was given at inappropriate times. The proposed delivery system using US and TMA carriers has potential in many pharmaceutical applications requiring precise temporal and spatial release control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hao Liao
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yen Hsiao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wen Lo
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Shan Yang
- R&D Center for Membrane Technology and Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chong-Li, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Kuan Sun
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yung Chang
- R&D Center for Membrane Technology and Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chong-Li, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Shiang Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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7
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Liu HM, Zhang YF, Xie YD, Cai YF, Li BY, Li W, Zeng LY, Li YL, Yu RT. Hypoxia-responsive ionizable liposome delivery siRNA for glioma therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:1065-1083. [PMID: 28223799 PMCID: PMC5308568 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s125286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we report the hypoxia-responsive ionizable liposomes to deliver small interference RNA (siRNA) anticancer drugs, which can selectively enhance cellular uptake of the siRNA under hypoxic and low-pH conditions to cure glioma. For this purpose, malate dehydrogenase lipid molecules were synthesized, which contain nitroimidazole groups that impart hypoxia sensitivity and specificity as hydrophobic tails, and tertiary amines as hydrophilic head groups. These malate dehydrogenase molecules, together with DSPE-PEG2000 and cholesterol, were self-assembled into O'1,O1-(3-(dimethylamino)propane-1,2-diyl) 16-bis(2-(2-methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethyl) di(hexadecanedioate) liposomes (MLP) to encapsulate siRNA through electrostatic interaction. Our study showed that the MLP could deliver polo-like kinase 1 siRNA (siPLK1) into glioma cells and effectively enhance the cellular uptake of MLP/siPLK1 because of increased positive charges induced by hypoxia and low pH. Moreover, MLP/siPLK1 was shown to be very effective in inhibiting the growth of glioma cells both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, the MLP is a promising siRNA delivery system for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Mei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Ya-Fei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Yan-Dong Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Yi-Fan Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Bai-Yang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Ling-Yu Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ling Li
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ru-Tong Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University
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8
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Liu H, Xie Y, Zhang Y, Cai Y, Li B, Mao H, Liu Y, Lu J, Zhang L, Yu R. Development of a hypoxia-triggered and hypoxic radiosensitized liposome as a doxorubicin carrier to promote synergetic chemo-/radio-therapy for glioma. Biomaterials 2017; 121:130-143. [PMID: 28088075 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of malignant primary brain tumors is challenging. Concomitant radiochemotherapy has become the standard clinical treatment for malignant glioma, but there are two critical challenges to overcome in order to increase efficacy. First, glioma is known to have increased resistant to radiation due to its intra-tumoral hypoxia. In addition, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) restricts the distribution of the chemotherapeutic agent to the brain. Therefore, we developed a hypoxic radiosensitizer-prodrug liposome (MLP), in order to deliver DOX to the tumor and to overcome the above challenges, achieving a synergistic chemo-/radiotherapy treatment of malignant glioma. In this study, hypoxic radiosensitizer nitroimidazoles were conjugated with lipid molecules with a hydrolysable ester bond to form MDH. MDH was mixed together with DSPE-PEG2000 and cholesterol to make MLP liposomes, which were found to have strong radiosensitivity and to promote cargo release under hypoxic conditions, due to the properties of nitroimidazoles under hypoxic conditions. MLP/DOX was found to have distinct advantages, including precise and stealthy pharmacokinetics and efficient passive uptake by the tumor. Furthermore, the combination of MLP/DOX and radiotherapy (RT) significantly inhibited glioma growth as assessed by in vivo bioluminescence imaging. These findings suggest that MLP is a promising candidate as a DOX delivery system to enhance the antitumor treatment effects on glioma, owing to synergistic chemo-/radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Liu
- Brain Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, PR China; Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China.
| | - Yandong Xie
- Brain Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, PR China; Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China
| | - Yafei Zhang
- Brain Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, PR China; Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China
| | - Yifan Cai
- Brain Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, PR China; Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China
| | - Baiyang Li
- Brain Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, PR China; Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China
| | - Honglin Mao
- Brain Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, PR China; Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China
| | - Yingguo Liu
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, 102206, PR China
| | - Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Longzhen Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, PR China; Cancer Institute of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, PR China
| | - Rutong Yu
- Brain Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, PR China; Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China.
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9
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Tamošiūnas M, Kadikis R, Saknite I, Baltušnikas J, Kilikevičius A, Lihachev A, Petrovska R, Jakovels D, Šatkauskas S. Noninvasive optical diagnostics of enhanced green fluorescent protein expression in skeletal muscle for comparison of electroporation and sonoporation efficiencies. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:45003. [PMID: 27129126 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.4.045003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We highlight the options available for noninvasive optical diagnostics of reporter gene expression in mouse tibialis cranialis muscle. An in vivo multispectral imaging technique combined with fluorescence spectroscopy point measurements has been used for the transcutaneous detection of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) expression, providing information on location and duration of EGFP expression and allowing quantification of EGFP expression levels. For EGFP coding plasmid (pEGFP-Nuc Vector, 10 μg/50 ml 10 μg/50 ml ) transfection, we used electroporation or ultrasound enhanced microbubble cavitation [sonoporation (SP)]. The transcutaneous EGFP fluorescence in live mice was monitored over a period of one year using the described parameters: area of EGFP positive fibers, integral intensity, and mean intensity of EGFP fluorescence. The most efficient transfection of EGFP coding plasmid was achieved, when one high voltage and four low voltage electric pulses were applied. This protocol resulted in the highest short-term and long-term EGFP expression. Other electric pulse protocols as well as SP resulted in lower fluorescence intensities of EGFP in the transfected area. We conclude that noninvasive multispectral imaging technique combined with fluorescence spectroscopy point measurements is a suitable method to estimate the dynamics and efficiency of reporter gene transfection in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mindaugas Tamošiūnas
- Vytautas Magnus University, Biophysical Research Group, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vileikos 8, Kaunas LT-44404, LithuaniabVytautas Magnus University, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vileikos 8, Kaunas LT-44404, Lithuania
| | - Roberts Kadikis
- Institute of Electronics and Computer Science, 14 Dzerbenes Street, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Inga Saknite
- University of Latvia, Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, 19 Rainis Boulevard, Riga LV-1586, Latvia
| | - Juozas Baltušnikas
- Lithuanian Sports University, Institute of Sports Sciences and Innovation, Sporto 6, LT-44221 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Audrius Kilikevičius
- Lithuanian Sports University, Institute of Sports Sciences and Innovation, Sporto 6, LT-44221 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Alexey Lihachev
- University of Latvia, Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, 19 Rainis Boulevard, Riga LV-1586, Latvia
| | - Ramona Petrovska
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites iela 1, Riga LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Dainis Jakovels
- University of Latvia, Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, 19 Rainis Boulevard, Riga LV-1586, Latvia
| | - Saulius Šatkauskas
- Vytautas Magnus University, Biophysical Research Group, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vileikos 8, Kaunas LT-44404, Lithuania
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10
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Gharatape A, Milani M, Rasta SH, Pourhassan-Moghaddam M, Ahmadi-Kandjani S, Davaran S, Salehi R. A novel strategy for low level laser-induced plasmonic photothermal therapy: the efficient bactericidal effect of biocompatible AuNPs@(PNIPAAM-co-PDMAEMA, PLGA and chitosan). RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra23213b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bactericidal effect of modified gold nanoparticles based on plasmonic photothermal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Gharatape
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology
- School of Advanced Medical Science
- Tabriz University of Medical Science
- Tabriz
- Iran
| | - Morteza Milani
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology
- School of Advanced Medical Science
- Tabriz University of Medical Science
- Tabriz
- Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Rasta
- School of Medical Sciences
- University of Aberdeen
- Aberdeen AB24 5DT
- UK
- Department of Medical Bioengineering
| | - Mohammad Pourhassan-Moghaddam
- Department of Medical Biotechnology
- School of Advanced Medical Science
- Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
- Tabriz
- Iran
| | | | - Soodabeh Davaran
- Drug Applied Research Center and Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Tabriz University of Medical Science
- Tabriz
- Iran
| | - Roya Salehi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology and Department of Medical Nanotechnology
- School of Advanced Medical Science
- Tabriz University of Medical Science
- Tabriz
- Iran
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